Composite deck and manufacturing method of composite deck

Abstract

To provide a composite deck slab and a method for manufacturing the composite deck slab, which can be easily constructed and can reduce construction costs and shorten construction time. [Solution] The structure comprises a bottom steel plate (11), a rib-cum-plate-shaped dowel (20) that rises from the bottom steel plate (11) and anchors concrete while increasing rigidity, and a base portion (12) formed of reinforcing bars (12A) and concrete (12B), wherein the rib-cum-plate-shaped dowel (20) comprises a plate-shaped rib portion (21) and a slip prevention portion (22) formed on the top of the rib portion (21) and consisting of concave portions (24) of the same shape and convex portions (23) of the same shape arranged alternately along the extension direction, and the convex portions (23) comprise a constricted portion (23b) and a head portion (23a) formed on the top of the constricted portion (23b).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a composite deck and a method for manufacturing a composite deck. [Background technology]

[0002] In order to cope with the increasing construction costs and maintenance costs of Japan's social infrastructure, there is a demand for structures that can achieve high durability and long lifespans and reduce life cycle costs, and in recent years, highly durable steel-concrete composite decks (hereinafter also referred to as "composite decks") have been adopted in many steel bridges. The shear stoppers that are a feature of composite decks are mainly made of steel materials such as steel plates, headed studs, and shaped steel, which is a factor in increasing construction costs due to the rising cost of materials (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-243134 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In Patent Document 1, many headed studs are welded one by one to the bottom steel plate (special welding), which makes the work complicated. There is also the problem of increased manufacturing costs due to the large amount of material wastage. Furthermore, when perforated steel dowels are used to increase the rigidity of the composite deck, not only does material waste increase, but cavities form in the holes when the concrete is filled, resulting in insufficient filling. This requires work to eliminate these cavities, which results in poor workability.

[0005] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a composite deck and a method for manufacturing a composite deck that can be easily constructed and that can reduce construction costs and shorten construction time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a base steel plate, a rib-cum-plate dowel that rises from the bottom steel plate, anchors concrete, and increases rigidity, and a base portion formed of reinforcing bars and the concrete, wherein the rib-cum-plate dowel comprises a plate-shaped rib portion and a slip prevention portion that is formed on the upper part of the rib portion and has a series of concave portions of the same shape and convex portions of the same shape that alternate along the extension direction, and the convex portion comprises a constricted portion and a head portion that is formed on the upper part of the constricted portion. The bottom steel plate has a pair of haunch portions supported by the main girder, an intermediate portion formed between the haunch portions, and a pair of protruding portions protruding outward from both sides of the haunch portions, and the rib-cum-plate dowel is arranged continuously over the entire direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and has the slip stopper portion in the intermediate portion and does not have the slip stopper portion in the protruding portion. It is a composite deck.

[0007] According to the present invention, the rib-coupling plate-shaped dowel has both a rib portion that increases rigidity and a shear stop portion that secures concrete to the bottom steel plate, which reduces the number of components and the number of work steps. This reduces construction costs and shortens construction time. Furthermore, because the shear stop portion has a structure in which concave and convex portions are alternately connected along the extension direction, it is possible to prevent the formation of cavities between the bottom steel plate and the concrete when filling it with concrete, improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, since the protruding portions extending on both sides of the haunch portion do not have anti-slip portions formed on the rib-cum-plate dowel, the height dimension of the rib portion can be secured and strength against bending moments can be increased.

[0012] Furthermore, the protruding portion preferably further comprises a plate-shaped dowel that rises from the bottom steel plate and anchors the concrete, the plate-shaped dowel comprising a base and a slip-prevention portion formed on the top of the base and consisting of alternating concave and convex portions of the same shape along the extension direction, and the convex portion preferably comprises a constricted portion and a head portion formed on the top of the constricted portion.

[0013] According to the present invention, the integrity of the bottom steel plate and the concrete can be improved even in the protruding portion.

[0014] Furthermore, the protruding portion preferably further comprises a plate-shaped dowel that is connected perpendicularly to the rib portion and that anchors the concrete, the plate-shaped dowel comprising a base and a slip-prevention portion formed on the top of the base and consisting of alternating concave and convex portions of the same shape along the extension direction, and the convex portions preferably comprising a constricted portion and a head portion formed on the top of the constricted portion.

[0015] According to the present invention, the integrity of the bottom steel plate and concrete can be improved even at the overhanging portion. In addition, the plate-shaped dowels are joined perpendicularly to the rib portion, which increases the rigidity of the rib-cum-plate dowels.

[0016] In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a composite deck slab comprising a bottom steel plate, stiffening ribs rising from the bottom steel plate to increase rigidity, plate-shaped dowels rising from the bottom steel plate to anchor concrete, and a base portion formed from reinforcing bars and the concrete, wherein the plate-shaped dowels comprise a base and a slip-prevention portion formed on the top of the base and consisting of alternating concave and convex portions of the same shape along the extension direction, and the convex portions comprise a constricted portion and a head portion formed on the top of the constricted portion.

[0017] According to the present invention, the plate-shaped dowel is composed of a base and a shear stopper, which allows for cost reduction compared to welding many headed studs. Furthermore, the shear stopper has a structure in which concave and convex portions alternate along the length, preventing the formation of voids between the bottom steel plate and the concrete when filling it with concrete, improving workability.

[0018] Furthermore, it is preferable that the bottom steel plate comprises a pair of haunch portions supported by the main girder, an intermediate portion formed between the haunch portions, and a pair of protruding portions protruding outward on both sides of the haunch portions, and that the plate-shaped dowels are arranged in the intermediate portion and the pair of protruding portions.

[0019] According to the present invention, since the plate-shaped dowels are arranged at the locations where the bottom steel plate and the base portion come into contact with each other, the unity between the bottom steel plate and the base portion can be improved.

[0020] Furthermore, it is preferable that the stiffening rib comprises a T-shaped rib that rises from the bottom steel plate and is arranged continuously over the entire direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, forming a T shape.

[0021] According to the present invention, the rigidity can be increased.

[0024] In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a composite deck slab, comprising: a preparation process for forming a bottom steel plate supported by the main girder, stiffening ribs, and plate-shaped dowels for fixing concrete; an erection process for erecting the stiffening ribs and the plate-shaped dowels in a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis of the bottom steel plate; a bottom steel plate installation process for installing the bottom steel plate on the main girder; a reinforcement process for arranging reinforcing bars; and a concrete pouring process for pouring concrete, wherein the plate-shaped dowels comprise a base and a slip-stop portion formed on the top of the base, in which concave portions of the same shape and convex portions of the same shape are alternately connected along the extension direction, and the convex portions comprise a constricted portion and a head portion formed on the top of the constricted portion, and in the preparation process, two of the plate-shaped dowels are formed by continuously cutting a single plate-shaped steel plate.

[0025] According to the present invention, two plate-shaped dowels are formed by continuously cutting a single steel plate, which reduces costs. In addition, the shear stopper has a structure in which recesses and protrusions are alternately connected along the extension direction, which prevents the formation of voids between the concrete and the bottom steel plate during the concrete pouring process, improving workability. [Effects of the Invention]

[0026] According to the composite deck and the manufacturing method of the composite deck of the present invention, construction can be easily carried out, and construction costs can be reduced and construction time can be shortened. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0027] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the composite floor slab according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is an enlarged detailed view showing a rib-type plate-shaped dowel. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a manufacturing method of a rib-type plate dowel. [Figure 6] 10 is a plan view showing a manufacturing method of the convex portion of the rib-type plate-shaped dowel. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a composite floor slab according to a second embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow XX in FIG. 7. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a composite floor slab according to a third embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XII-XII in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 11. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an example of forming a rib portion of a rib-cum-plate dowel. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a composite floor slab according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI of FIG. 15. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is an enlarged detailed view showing a plate-shaped dowel of the fourth embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The composite deck and the manufacturing method of the composite deck according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Each embodiment can be applied in combination as appropriate. In addition, the description and reference numerals of overlapping components may be omitted.

[0029] [First embodiment] <Synthetic floor slab 10> As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the composite deck 10 according to this embodiment has a rectangular shape in plan view. The composite deck 10 is placed across two main girders A, A, and the long sides of adjacent composite decks 10 are connected to form a road bridge, railway bridge, or the like. The composite deck 10 comprises a bottom steel plate 11, a base portion 12, and a plate-shaped dowel 20 that also serves as a rib. The bottom steel plate 11 is installed on a flange A1 of the main girder A. Three or more main girders A may be provided.

[0030] The bottom steel plate 11 is a rectangular steel plate in plan view that constitutes the lower part of the composite deck slab 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom steel plate 11 has a pair of haunch portions 11a, 11a, an intermediate portion 11b, and a pair of overhang portions 11c, 11c. The haunch portion 11a is formed so as to be concave obliquely downward from a part of the bottom steel plate 11, and is the portion that is connected to the flange A1. In other words, the haunch portion 11a has a greater concrete thickness than other portions, making it a portion that has resistance to bending moments on the main girder A. The intermediate portion 11b is a portion that is provided between the pair of haunch portions 11a, 11a and is formed in a flat shape. The pair of overhang portions 11c, 11c are portions that overhang flatly outward from the haunch portion 11a relative to the intermediate portion 11b.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1, a pair of side steel plates 13, 13 are formed on both ends of the bottom steel plate 11 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, standing upright from the surface of the bottom steel plate 11. A connection portion 14 (see Figure 1) extending along the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis is formed at the end of the bottom steel plate 11 in the bridge axis direction. The connection portion 14 has a plurality of bolt holes, and can be fastened to the adjacent composite deck slab 10 with bolts via a connecting plate (not shown). Note that in this embodiment, the connection portion 14 is formed at one end of the bottom steel plate 11 in the bridge axis direction, extending along the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, but it may also be formed at both ends of the bottom steel plate 11 in the bridge axis direction, extending along the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis.

[0032] The base portion 12 is a concrete structure comprising reinforcing bars (main reinforcing bars and distribution reinforcing bars) 12A arranged in a grid pattern on plate-shaped dowels 20 that also serve as ribs, and concrete 12B poured on the bottom steel plate 11. The base portion 12 is integrated with the bottom steel plate 11 via the plate-shaped dowels 20 that also serve as ribs.

[0033] <Rib and Plate Dowel 20> The rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are steel plate-like members that function to anchor the concrete 12B and increase its rigidity. The rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are erected perpendicular to the bottom steel plate 11 and are arranged over the entire length in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, in this embodiment, four rib-cum-plate dowels 20 of the same shape are arranged at regular intervals in the bridge axis direction. The number and positions of the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 can be set as appropriate. As shown in Figure 4, the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 include a rib portion 21 and a shear stopper portion 22.

[0034] The rib portion 21 is a portion that constitutes the lower portion of the rib-cum-plate dowel 20, and has a rectangular plate shape. The rib portion 21 has a thickness and height that ensure the rigidity of the composite deck 10. The dimensions of the rib portion 21 may be set appropriately, but for example, the thickness is about 16 to 25 mm, and the height H1 is about 100 to 150 mm. The concrete strength of the base portion 12 is 30 N / mm 2 Furthermore, with the rib portion 21 having a plate thickness of 16 mm or more, the composite deck slab 10 has the strength to resist the load acting on it. The slippage prevention portion 22 has the function of fixing the poured concrete in place. The slippage prevention portion 22 is formed on the top of the rib portion 21, and is formed continuously over the entire length in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. The slippage prevention portion 22 has a structure in which convex portions 23 and concave portions 24 are arranged alternately. Each of the multiple convex portions 23 is formed to have the same shape. Furthermore, each of the multiple concave portions 24 is also formed to have the same shape. The height of the slippage prevention portion 22 can be set as appropriate, but for example, the height H2 is about 30 to 60 mm.

[0035] The protrusion 23 is composed of a constricted portion 23b that rises from the rib portion 21 and has a drum-like shape, and a head portion 23a that is formed continuous with the constricted portion 23b and is wider than the constricted portion 23b. The head portion 23a has a flat head portion 231 formed flat at the center of the head portion 23a and a pair of inclined portions 232, 232 that slope from the flat head portion 231 toward the rib portion 21 on both sides. A pair of head end portions 233, 233 that are perpendicular to the bottom steel plate 11 are formed outside the pair of inclined portions 232, 232. In this embodiment, the head end portion 233 is formed as a flat surface perpendicular to the bottom steel plate 11, but the head end portion 233 may be formed at an acute angle. The side portion 234 of the constricted portion 23b is formed in a curved shape. Adjacent protrusions 23 are formed at equal intervals (for example, at intervals of 110 to 140 mm).

[0036] The recesses 24 are formed between the protrusions 23 and are filled with poured concrete 12B. A flat recess portion 24a, which is a flat surface parallel to the bottom steel plate 11, is formed in the middle of the recess 24. Transition curve portions 24b are formed on both sides of the flat recess portion 24a. The transition curve portion 24b connects the flat recess portion 24a to the side portion 234 of the constricted portion 23b and forms a gentle curve. In other words, the curvature of the transition curve portion 24b is smaller than the curvature of the side portion 234, and the shape from the flat recess portion 24a to the side portion 234 is formed like a clothoid curve. As shown in FIG. 4, the distribution reinforcing bars 12Aa of the reinforcing bars 12A are arranged in the center of the upper part of the recess 24 along the bridge axis direction. The main reinforcing bars 12Ab of the reinforcing bars 12A are arranged to intersect with the distribution reinforcing bars 12Aa.

[0037] <Method of manufacturing the rib-cum-plate dowel 20> Next, a method for manufacturing the rib-cum-plate dowel 20 will be described. As shown in Fig. 5, a cutting line P is drawn in one stroke between one side and the other side of a steel plate 60. Two rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are manufactured from one rectangular steel plate 60 by cutting along the cutting line P with a cutting device. The shape of the cutting line P is formed by a straight line portion P1, a transition curve portion P2, a folded portion P3, and a curved portion P4, which are successively formed while changing direction up and down in that order.

[0038] The straight portion P1 is a portion that will become the head flat portion 231 or the recess flat portion 24a after cutting, and is formed so as to be parallel to one side and the other side of the steel plate 60. The transition curve portion P2 is a portion formed in a gentle curve and will become the transition curve portion 24b and the side portion 234 of the neck portion 23b after cutting. The folded portion P3 is a portion that extends linearly from the end of the transition curve portion P2 toward the start. The curved portion P4 is a curved portion that curves from the end of the folded portion P3 to the start of the next straight portion P1. By cutting along the cutting line P using a laser cutting device, a dowel precursor P20 having multiple protrusion precursors P23 is formed as shown in Figure 6. Excess portions Q, Q remaining after cutting are formed on both sides of each protrusion precursor P23. The excess portion Q is the portion surrounded by the folded portion P3 and the curved portion P4. The excess portion Q is cut off along the cutting line R, whereby the rib-cum-plate dowel 20 can be manufactured.

[0039] The dimensions of the steel plate 60 can be set as appropriate. For example, if the length L1 from one long side to the other long side is approximately 310 mm, cutting the steel plate 60 along the cutting line P will form two rib-cum-plate dowels 20, each having a rib portion 21 with a height H1 of approximately 130 mm and a height H2 of the slip prevention portion 22 (the length from the rib portion 21 to the tip of the protrusion 23) of approximately 50 mm. The dimensions of the steel plate 60 may be set as appropriate in accordance with the design of the rib-cum-plate dowel 20. In this embodiment, the two rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are formed by cutting a rectangular steel plate 60. However, the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 may also be formed by cutting the web portion of an H-beam, for example.

[0040] <Method of manufacturing synthetic deck 10> Next, a manufacturing method for a composite deck will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 4. The manufacturing method for a composite deck of this embodiment includes a preparation step, an erection step, a bottom steel plate installation step, a reinforcement step, and a concrete pouring step.

[0041] The preparation process is a process of preparing the bottom steel plate 11 and the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 that will be supported by the main girder A. Two rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are formed from one rectangular steel plate using the method described above.

[0042] Next, in the erection step, the rib-cum-plate dowel 20 is welded to the bottom steel plate 11. For example, welding can be performed using panel line welding equipment (line welder).

[0043] In the bottom steel plate installation process, the bottom steel plate 11 (steel plate panel) with the rib-cum-plate dowel 20 welded thereto is placed on the flange A1 by a lifting machine such as a crane, and the bottom steel plate 11 is joined to the flange A1. The joining method can be set as appropriate, but in this embodiment, the joining is done with bolts.

[0044] After the bottom steel plate 11 is joined to the flange A1, a reinforcement process is carried out to place the reinforcing bars 12A. Finally, a concrete pouring process is carried out to pour concrete into the bottom steel plate 11, thereby completing the composite deck 10. Note that, although the present embodiment illustrates cast-in-place concrete in which the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are welded to the bottom steel plate 11 in a factory and the reinforcement process and concrete pouring process are carried out on-site, a precast composite deck in which the reinforcement process and concrete pouring process are carried out in a factory to form the base portion 12 may also be used.

[0045] Here, we will explain conventional composite decks. Conventional composite decks have multiple ribs on the bottom steel plate to increase rigidity, and headed studs welded to the bottom steel plate to increase the unity with the concrete, which are separately arranged. Furthermore, since the many headed studs must be welded one by one using special machines, there are problems such as complicated work and material management, longer construction times, and increased manufacturing costs.

[0046] In this regard, the composite deck 10 of this embodiment includes a bottom steel plate 11, rib-cum-plate dowels 20 that rise from the bottom steel plate 11 and anchor the concrete while increasing its rigidity, and a base portion 12 formed of reinforcing bars 12A and concrete 12B. The rib-cum-plate dowels 20 include a plate-shaped rib portion 21 and a shear stopper portion 22 formed on the top of the rib portion 21, with identically shaped recesses 24 and identically shaped protrusions 23 alternating along the extension direction. In other words, a single rib-cum-plate dowel 20 enhances both rigidity and integration with the concrete 12B, thereby reducing the number of components and facilitating construction. For example, in this embodiment, four rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are used, so only four linear welding operations are required.

[0047] Furthermore, the protrusion 23 of this embodiment is configured to include a constricted portion 23b and a head portion 23a formed on the upper portion of the constricted portion 23b. In other words, the recess 24 is filled with concrete, thereby enhancing the unity between the bottom steel plate 11 and the base portion 12, and the upper portion of the recess 24 is open. This prevents air from accumulating when pouring concrete, improving workability and increasing strength. Furthermore, the head portion 23a of the protrusion 23 is larger than the constricted portion 23b, thereby enhancing the anti-slip effect with the concrete 12B.

[0048] Furthermore, the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 according to this embodiment are arranged continuously across the entire bridge axis perpendicular direction, thereby further increasing rigidity. However, the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 may also be arranged intermittently in the bridge axis perpendicular direction.

[0049] Furthermore, a transition curve portion 24b is formed in the recess 24. That is, by gently forming the curve portion from the recess flat portion 24a to the side portion 234 of the constricted portion 23b, it is possible to reduce the stress concentration at the base of the constricted portion 23b and to increase the fatigue strength of the slip prevention portion 22.

[0050] The manufacturing method for the composite deck 10 of this embodiment includes the following steps: a preparation step of forming rib-cum-plate dowels 20 that secure the bottom steel plate 11 and concrete 12b supported by the main girders A and increase rigidity; an erection step of erecting the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 perpendicular to the bridge axis of the bottom steel plate 11; a bottom steel plate installation step of installing the bottom steel plate 11 on the main girders A; a reinforcing bar arrangement step of arranging reinforcing bars; and a concrete pouring step of pouring concrete. As a result, a single rib-cum-plate dowel 20 enhances both rigidity and integrity with the concrete 12B. In other words, because a single rib-cum-plate dowel 20 enhances both rigidity and integrity with the concrete 12B, the number of components can be reduced and construction is simplified. For example, in this embodiment, four rib-cum-plate dowels 20 are used, so only four linear welding operations are required.

[0051] Furthermore, in the preparation process, two rib-cum-plate dowels 20 can be formed by continuously cutting a single steel plate using a cutting device (e.g., a laser cutting device), making manufacturing easy. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, compared to perforated dowels formed by drilling holes in a single steel plate, it is possible to reduce steel loss and cut costs.

[0052] As shown in FIG. 4, the reinforcing bar 12Aa is disposed above the recess 24, but it may be disposed inside the recess 24 or on the protrusion 23.

[0053] [Second embodiment] Next, a composite deck 10A according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in Figure 7, the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that stiffening ribs 30 and plate dowels 40 are formed instead of the rib-cum-plate dowels 20. In other words, the composite deck 10A comprises a bottom steel plate 11, a base portion 12, stiffening ribs 30, and plate dowels 40. The bottom steel plate 11 and base portion 12 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 10 , the stiffening rib 30 is a steel material formed into a T-shape in cross section. The stiffening rib 30 is joined by welding to the bottom steel plate 11 over the entire area in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. In this embodiment, three stiffening ribs 30 are arranged at intervals from each other in the bridge axis direction. By providing the stiffening ribs 30, the rigidity of the composite deck slab 10A can be increased. The shape and number of the stiffening ribs 30 can be set appropriately. The number of stiffening ribs 30 may be two or less, or may be four or more. H-beams or I-beams may also be used as stiffening ribs.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 7, the plate-shaped dowels 40 are components arranged to prevent the displacement of the concrete 12B. As shown in FIG. 8, the plate-shaped dowels 40 are welded to the bottom steel plate 11 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, in an area of ​​the bottom steel plate 11 excluding the haunch portions 11a, 11a. In other words, multiple plate-shaped dowels 40 are arranged in each of the middle portion 11b and the pair of overhanging portions 11c, 11c. As shown in FIG. 9, the plate-shaped dowels 40 include a base portion 41 and a displacement stopper portion 42. The base portion 41 is plate-shaped and is the portion welded to the bottom steel plate 11. The displacement stopper portion 42 is a portion formed continuously from the base portion 41, and has convex portions 23 and concave portions 24 of the same shape alternately formed therein. That is, the displacement stopper portion 42 has the same shape as the displacement stopper portion 22 of the first embodiment (and also has roughly the same dimensions (except for the thickness)). The rib portion 21 of the rib-cum-plate dowel 20 of the first embodiment is formed for the purpose of increasing rigidity, whereas the height dimension of the base portion 41 of the plate dowel 40 of the second embodiment is formed smaller than the rib portion 21 because it is not intended to increase rigidity. The height H11 of the base portion 41 is, for example, 30 to 50 mm. The thickness of the base portion 41 is the same as or thinner than the rib portion 21. The height H12 of the slippage prevention portion 42 is, for example, 30 to 60 mm.

[0056] 10, in this embodiment, two plate-shaped dowels 40 are arranged at a distance from each other between the stiffening ribs 30, and a plate-shaped dowel 40 is also arranged outside the stiffening rib 30 arranged on the right side of the page. Note that the positions at which the plate-shaped dowels 40 are arranged can be set appropriately, and the number of plate-shaped dowels 40 arranged between the stiffening ribs 30 may be one, or three or more.

[0057] Next, a manufacturing method for the composite deck 10A will be described. The manufacturing method for the composite deck of this embodiment includes a preparation process, an erection process, a bottom steel plate installation process, a reinforcement process, and a concrete pouring process. The preparation process is a process for forming the bottom steel plate 11 supported by the main girder A, the stiffening ribs 30, and the plate dowels 40. The plate dowels 40 can be manufactured using the same procedure as for the rib-cum-plate dowels 20 of the first embodiment. Next, in the erection process, the stiffening ribs 30 and the plate dowels 40 are joined to the bottom steel plate 11 by welding. Thereafter, as in the first embodiment, the composite deck 10A can be manufactured by performing the bottom steel plate installation process, the reinforcement process, and the concrete pouring process.

[0058] The composite deck 10A of the present embodiment described above is configured to include a bottom steel plate 11, stiffening ribs 30 that rise from the bottom steel plate 11 and increase rigidity, plate dowels 40 that rise from the bottom steel plate 11 and anchor concrete, and a base 12 formed of reinforcing bars 12A and concrete 12B. According to the configuration of this embodiment, the plate dowels 40 that function as shear stoppers are integrally formed with the base 41 and the shear stopper 42, so the shear stopper 42 can be positioned on the bottom steel plate 11 by welding the base 41. Therefore, compared to welding many headed studs, the number of parts and labor required can be reduced, resulting in cost savings.

[0059] Furthermore, plate-shaped dowel 40 includes base 41 and anti-slip portion 42, which is formed on the top of base 41 and has identically shaped recesses 24 and identically shaped protrusions 23 that alternately continue along the extension direction, and protrusions 23 include constricted portions 23c and heads 23a formed on the top of constricted portions 23c. In other words, anti-slip portion 42 has a configuration in which recesses 24 and protrusions 23 alternately continue along the extension direction, which prevents cavities from occurring between bottom steel plate 11 and concrete 12B when concrete is filled, thereby improving workability. Furthermore, by providing the stiffening ribs 30 and the plate-shaped dowels 40 separately, the degree of freedom in designing the stiffening ribs 30 increases, and by ensuring the height of the ribs, the rigidity of the composite deck slab 10A can be increased.

[0060] The bottom steel plate 11 preferably includes a pair of haunch portions 11a, 11a supported by the main girder A, a middle portion 11b formed between the haunch portions 11a, and a pair of protruding portions 11c, 11c protruding outward from both sides of the haunch portions 11a, and the plate-shaped dowels 40 are preferably disposed in the middle portion 11b and the pair of protruding portions 11c, 11c. This allows the concrete 12B to be fixed in a balanced manner.

[0061] Furthermore, the stiffening ribs 30 are preferably T-shaped ribs that rise from the bottom steel plate 11 and are continuously arranged over the entire direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, forming a T shape. This increases the rigidity of the composite deck 10A over the entire direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. Furthermore, since a large bending moment acts on the overhanging portion 11c, the stiffening ribs 30 ensure rigidity, and the plate-shaped dowels 40 can anchor the concrete 12B.

[0062] The manufacturing method of the composite deck 10A of this embodiment includes the following steps: a preparation step of forming the bottom steel plate 11 supported by the main girder A, the stiffening ribs 30, and the plate dowels 40 that secure the concrete 12B; an erection step of erecting the stiffening ribs 30 and the plate dowels 40 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis of the bottom steel plate 11; a bottom steel plate installation step of installing the bottom steel plate 11 on the main girder A; a reinforcing bar arrangement step of arranging reinforcing bars; and a concrete pouring step of pouring the concrete 12B. The plate dowels 40 include a base 41 and a shear stopper 42 formed on the top of the base 41, in which concave portions 24 of the same shape and convex portions 23 of the same shape are alternately arranged along the extension direction, and the convex portions 23 include a constricted portion 23c and a head portion 23a formed on the top of the constricted portion 23c. In a preparation process, two plate-shaped dowels 40 are formed by continuously cutting one plate-shaped steel plate 60. In other words, two plate-shaped dowels 40 can be formed from one plate-shaped steel plate 60, which reduces costs.

[0063] [Third embodiment] Next, a composite deck slab according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in Fig. 11, in the third embodiment, plate dowels 40 are formed, and furthermore, the shape of the plate dowels that also serve as ribs differs from that of the first embodiment. That is, the composite deck slab 10B comprises a bottom steel plate 11, a base portion 12, a rib-cum-plate dowel 20B, and a plate dowel 40. The bottom steel plate 11 and the base portion 12 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the plate dowels 40 have the same shape as in the second embodiment.

[0064] As shown in Figure 12, the rib-cum-plate dowel 20B is joined by welding to the bottom steel plate 11 over the entire area in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. The rib-cum-plate dowel 20B differs from the first embodiment in that it does not have a slip stopper 22 in areas other than the middle portion 11b. The rib-cum-plate dowel 20B is composed of a rib portion 21, a slip stopper 22, and rib portions 210, 210. In other words, the rib-cum-plate dowel 20B is composed only of the rib portion 210 in the areas of the haunch portion 11a and the overhang portion 11c.

[0065] The rib portion 210 is a plate-like portion formed continuously with the rib portion 21. The upper end of the rib portion 210 is flat and does not have a slip prevention portion. The height dimension of the rib portion 210 is slightly larger than that of the rib portion 21.

[0066] 11 to 13, the plate-shaped dowel 40 is not disposed in the haunch portion 11a or the intermediate portion 11b, but is disposed between the adjacent rib-cum-plate-shaped dowels 20B in the protruding portion 11c. Note that, as shown in Fig. 11, in this embodiment, one plate-shaped dowel 40 is disposed between the adjacent rib-cum-plate-shaped dowels 20B, but two or more may be disposed.

[0067] Here, a preparation process for forming the rib-cum-plate dowel 20B will be described. As shown in FIG. 14 , a central cut portion P5 is formed at both ends of the cutting line P in the cutting direction, cutting the steel plate 60 in the middle between one side and the other side. By cutting the central cut portion P5, no anti-slip portion 22 is formed, and only the rib portion 210 is formed. For example, if the length L1 from one side to the other side of the steel plate 60 is 310 mm, cutting the steel plate 60 along the central cut portion P5 will result in the height of the rib portion 210 being 155 mm. In this case, the height of the rib portion 21 formed by cutting the cutting line P is 130 mm. Therefore, the height dimension of the rib portion 210 in the region where the anti-slip portion 22 is not formed can be increased compared to when the anti-slip portion 22 is formed.

[0068] In the composite deck 10B of the present embodiment described above, the bottom steel plate 11 includes a pair of haunch portions 11a supported by the main girder A, a middle portion 11b formed between the haunch portions 11a, and a pair of protruding portions 11c protruding outward from both sides of the haunch portions 11a. The rib-cum-plate dowels 20B are continuously arranged along the entire direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and are not provided with shear stoppers 22 in areas other than the middle portion 11b. This configuration allows the haunch portions 11a and the protruding portions 11c to be provided with rib-cum-plate dowels 20B that do not include shear stoppers 22, thereby improving the design flexibility of the rib portions 210. For example, the rib-cum-plate dowels 20B can ensure high cross-sectional rigidity as a stiffening rib by making the height dimension of the rib portion 210 at the protruding portions 11c greater than the height dimension of the rib portion 21. This increases the strength against bending moments acting on the protruding portions 11c.

[0069] Moreover, the protruding portion 11c further includes a plate-shaped dowel 40 that rises from the bottom steel plate 11 and anchors the concrete, and the plate-shaped dowel 40 includes a base 41 and a shear stopper 42 formed on the upper part of the base 41, in which recesses 24 of the same shape and protrusions 23 of the same shape are alternately connected along the extension direction, and the protrusions 23 include a necked portion 23b and a head 23a formed on the upper part of the necked portion 23b. With this configuration, the unity between the bottom steel plate 11 and the base portion 12 can be improved even in areas where the shear stopper 22 is not formed on the rib-cum-plate dowel 20B.

[0070] [Fourth embodiment] Next, a composite deck slab according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in Fig. 15, the fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that plate-shaped dowels 40 are formed in the rib portions 210.

[0071] The composite deck 10C comprises a bottom steel plate 11, a base portion 12, a rib-cum-plate dowel 20C, and a plate dowel 40. The bottom steel plate 11 and the base portion 12 have the same configuration as in the first embodiment. The plate dowel 40 has the same shape as in the second and third embodiments. In this embodiment, four rib-cum-plate dowels 20C are provided spaced apart, and each has the same shape.

[0072] As shown in Figure 16, the rib-cum-plate dowel 20C is joined by welding to the bottom steel plate 11 over the entire area in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. The rib-cum-plate dowel 20C includes a rib portion 21, a slip prevention portion 22, and rib portions 210, 210. The rib-cum-plate dowel 20C is the same as the rib-cum-plate dowel 20B of the third embodiment.

[0073] 17 and 18, the plate-shaped dowel 40 is disposed on top of the rib portion 210 and perpendicular to the rib portion 210. In other words, the lower surface of the base 41 and the upper end of the rib portion 210 are welded together. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the plate-shaped dowel 40 is disposed on the rib-cum-plate-shaped dowel 20C so as to protrude to the left, but it may also be disposed so as to protrude to the right. Note that the plate-shaped dowel 40 may be welded perpendicular to the side surface of the rib portion 210 rather than to the top of the rib portion 210.

[0074] The composite deck 10C described above can achieve the same effects as the third embodiment. In other words, the plate dowels 40 may be arranged parallel to the bottom steel plate 11. That is, the composite deck 10C of this embodiment further includes plate dowels 40 that are connected perpendicularly to the rib portion 210 at the protruding portion 11c and anchor the concrete 12B. The plate dowels 40 include a base 41 and a shear stopper 42 formed on the upper portion of the base 41, in which identically shaped recesses 24 and identically shaped protrusions 23 alternate along the extension direction. The protrusions 23 include a constricted portion 23b and a head portion 23a formed above the constricted portion 23b. With this configuration, the plate dowels 40 can enhance the integrity of the bottom steel plate 11 and the base portion 12, even in areas where the shear stopper 22 is not formed on the rib-cum-plate dowel 20C. Furthermore, by ensuring the height of the rib portion 210 and joining the plate-shaped dowel 40 perpendicularly to the rib portion 210, the rigidity of the rib-cum-plate dowel 20C can be increased.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0076] 10 Composite floor slab 11 Bottom steel plate 12 Base 12A Reinforced concrete 12B Concrete 13 Side steel plate 20 Rib and plate dowel 21 Rib section 22 Stopper 23 Convex part 24 recess 30 Stiffening rib 40 Plate dowel 41 Base 42 Stopper

Claims

1. A bottom steel plate; A rib-cum-plate dowel that rises from the bottom steel plate and anchors the concrete while increasing rigidity; a base portion formed of reinforcing bars and the concrete, The rib-cum-plate dowel includes a plate-shaped rib portion and a slip prevention portion formed on the upper portion of the rib portion, in which concave portions of the same shape and convex portions of the same shape are alternately continuous along the extension direction, The convex portion includes a constricted portion and a head portion formed at an upper portion of the constricted portion, The bottom steel plate includes a pair of haunch portions supported by the main girder, an intermediate portion formed between the haunch portions, and a pair of protruding portions protruding outward from both sides of the haunch portions, The rib-cum-plate dowels are arranged continuously across the entire direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, and are equipped with the anti-slip portion in the middle section, but not in the protruding section.

2. The protruding portion further includes a plate-shaped dowel that rises from the bottom steel plate and fixes concrete, The plate-shaped dowel includes a base and a slip-preventing portion formed on an upper portion of the base, in which concave portions of the same shape and convex portions of the same shape are alternately connected along an extension direction, The composite deck according to claim 1 , wherein the convex portion comprises a constricted portion and a head portion formed at an upper portion of the constricted portion.

3. The protruding portion further includes a plate-shaped dowel that is connected perpendicularly to the rib portion and that fixes concrete, The plate-shaped dowel includes a base and a slip-preventing portion formed on an upper portion of the base, in which concave portions of the same shape and convex portions of the same shape are alternately connected along an extension direction, The composite deck according to claim 1 , wherein the convex portion comprises a constricted portion and a head portion formed at an upper portion of the constricted portion.

4. A bottom steel plate, a stiffening rib rising from the bottom steel plate to increase rigidity; A plate-shaped dowel that rises from the bottom steel plate and fixes concrete; a base portion formed of reinforcing bars and the concrete, The plate-shaped dowel includes a base and a slip-preventing portion formed on an upper portion of the base, in which concave portions of the same shape and convex portions of the same shape are alternately connected along an extension direction, The convex portion is a composite deck slab having a constricted portion and a head portion formed at the top of the constricted portion.

5. The bottom steel plate includes a pair of haunch portions supported by the main girder, an intermediate portion formed between the haunch portions, and a pair of protruding portions protruding outward from both sides of the haunch portions, The composite deck slab according to claim 4 , wherein the plate-shaped dowels are arranged in the intermediate portion and the pair of protruding portions.

6. The composite deck slab according to claim 4, wherein the stiffening rib comprises a T-shaped rib that rises from the bottom steel plate and is arranged continuously over the entire direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, forming a T-shape.

7. a preparation process for forming a bottom steel plate supported by the main girder, a stiffening rib, and a plate-shaped dowel for fixing concrete; An erection process of erecting the stiffening rib and the plate-shaped dowel in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis of the bottom steel plate; a bottom steel plate installation process of installing the bottom steel plate on the main girder; a reinforcing bar arrangement process; a concrete pouring step of pouring concrete, The plate-shaped dowel includes a base and a slip-preventing portion formed on an upper portion of the base, in which concave portions of the same shape and convex portions of the same shape are alternately connected along an extension direction, The protrusion includes a constricted portion and a head portion formed on an upper portion of the constricted portion, A manufacturing method for a composite deck slab, characterized in that the preparation process involves continuously cutting a single plate-shaped steel plate to form two of the plate-shaped dowels.

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