Elevator motor

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator motor (12) comprising a stator (16) with stator windings and a rotor (20) having permanent magnets (26), the magnets (26) of the rotor (20) and the windings of the stator (16) being arranged in an axial flux arrangement, the rotor (20) being connected to a traction sheave (22) driving the hoisting ropes (24) of the elevator, the permanent magnets (26) being arranged in an annular arrangement on the carrier (28) of the rotor (20) forming a magnet ring (35) with slots (30a, 30b) therebetween. According to the invention, the width of the slots is different at least in some of two consecutive slots (30a, 30b) in the magnet ring (35). Such a permanent magnet motor reduces noise transmission and is particularly suitable for use in residential elevators.

Description

Detailed Description

[0001] This application relates to an elevator motor including a stator with stator windings and a rotor with permanent magnets, the rotor magnets and stator windings being arranged in an axial flux configuration. The rotor is connected to a traction sheave with rope grooves and frictionally cooperates with hoisting ropes to drive an elevator car in an elevator hoistway. The permanent magnets are arranged in an annular configuration on the rotor carrier, forming a magnet ring with open or filled slots therebetween. The term "rope" includes belts and flat ropes.

[0002] This type of permanent magnet motor exhibits excellent performance, particularly in machine-roomless elevators, which are widely used in elevator technology. The permanent magnets are arranged in a ring shape, and the inter-magnet slots, which represent the distance between the individual permanent magnets, are filled with a carrier material, typically aluminum or a plastic material, particularly glass fiber-laminated resin. This approach results in an elevator with a flat surface, in which the slots or ribs between the individual permanent magnets are adjacent to the end faces of the permanent magnets to form a smooth annular surface facing the path of the elevator stator blades. The problem with this known configuration is that this type of permanent magnet motor generates significant noise, leading to noise interference that is clearly undesirable, especially in residential buildings.

[0003] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a permanent magnet axial flux elevator motor with reduced noise propagation.

[0004] The above object is to provide an elevator motor according to claim 1 and a 12 The problem is solved by the traction sheave elevator according to the invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the corresponding dependent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are also described in the specification and drawings.

[0005] In the above-described permanent magnet axial flux elevator motor, the slot widths are different between at least some of two consecutive slots in the magnet ring. Applicant has found that using different slot widths, i.e., different distances, between the permanent magnets can cancel torque ripple or torque interference, thus effectively reducing noise propagation in the permanent magnet motor.

[0006] Preferably, the slot width is different between each two consecutive slots in the magnet ring, and consecutive slots with different slot widths in the magnet ring are uniformly distributed along the entire circumference, i.e., circle, of the magnet ring. Thus, for example, the magnet ring may have alternating first and second slots, where the first slots have a first slot width and the second slots have a second slot width, and the first and second slot widths are different from each other. This approach results in a magnet ring with slots of different slot widths alternating throughout the magnet ring, such that all even-numbered slots are first slots and all odd-numbered slots are second slots, with the first and second slot widths being the successive slots in the magnet ring. Of course, three or four slot widths may also be used, typically uniformly distributed throughout the magnet ring in a centrally symmetric pattern.

[0007] Of course, more than two slot widths may be used, for example three or four, preferably distributed homogeneously over the magnet ring, in particular with a constant variation such as 1,2,3,1,2,3... or 1,2,2,3,1,2,2,3... etc. (in all cases the different numbers correlate to successively different slot widths over the magnet ring, and these numbers may even exemplarily indicate the actual slot widths in mm).

[0008] In this regard, it should be mentioned that the slots do not have to be empty, but may be regularly filled with materials such as aluminum or glass fiber laminated resin, so that the surface of the magnet ring is preferably always flat. The slots can therefore also be described as the distance between the individual permanent magnets, i.e. as ribs.

[0009] When two different slot widths are used, the first slot width is preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 3 mm, and the second slot width is between 2 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 3.5 mm and 4.5 mm. These slot widths have been shown to substantially reduce noise transmission through these types of permanent magnet motors while improving motor performance. When several slot widths are used, the smallest is preferably between 1 mm and 1.5 mm, and the largest is between 4 mm and 5 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the carrier completely fills the slots to form ribs between the permanent magnets, and these ribs preferably abut the end faces of the permanent magnets facing the stator. In this way, the permanent magnets are held in place and, together with the use of different slot widths, serve to reduce noise transmission in permanent magnet motors, as the surface of the magnet ring formed by the permanent magnet and carrier material further reduces noise transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the permanent magnets are glued or screwed to the carrier, whereby they are immovably fixed in an annular arrangement in the carrier with precise slot width spacing. As mentioned above, the carrier is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced resin or aluminum.

[0012] Preferably, the permanent magnets are embedded in a carrier that fixes the permanent magnets at each location, so that different slot widths between the individual permanent magnets can be easily achieved by following the corresponding shape of the carrier.

[0013] For this purpose, the carrier preferably forms a template with holes or recesses into which the permanent magnets are inserted. The distance between the permanent magnets, i.e., the slot width, is thus fixedly determined by the shape of the carrier, which forms a template for the permanent magnets, which simply need to be inserted and glued to the carrier. Therefore, the attachment of the permanent magnets to the carrier does not require precise measurements or alignment to determine their exact positions, since these positions are predetermined by the recesses in the template. In this way, the template forms a carrier that facilitates the attachment of the permanent magnet rotor, as well as the insertion of the permanent magnets into the template, where the permanent magnets are mechanically positioned at precise mutual distances that alternatively define smaller and wider slots.

[0014] Preferably, the permanent magnets are slightly V-shaped at the plate surface of the magnet ring, which improves efficiency while also further reducing noise propagation, since the magnetically active area of ​​the permanent magnets is smaller at the beginning and end of the motor's rotation direction compared to rectangular magnets that cooperate with the corresponding windings to completely start and stop, thus resulting in a smoother power generation and therefore a smoother noise propagation.

[0015] As is typical in axial flux motors, the permanent magnets and windings are disposed at the same distance from the motor shaft, so that the overall flux geometry forms a cylinder around the motor shaft. In this way, the motor can be made small in axial dimension, i.e., flat, and the force-generating electromagnetic elements can be located within the outer diameter of the rotor, resulting in high torque and therefore good working force. Thus, the motor generates high torque with less power, again creating a synergistic effect with the use of different slot widths to cancel out noise propagation.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stator has concentrated fractional slot windings with a minimum of 0.1 slots per pole per phase and a maximum of 0.5 slots per pole per phase. This type of motor produces better torque combined with less material usage, making the resulting elevator motor very efficient. Because this type of motor produces many harmonics that oppose noise propagation, the use of different slot widths effectively cancels such noise propagation.

[0017] The present invention further relates to a traction sheave elevator equipped with an elevator motor of the above type. A hoisting rope running around the traction sheave of the elevator motor is configured to move an elevator car along an elevator hoistway in an elevator shaft. The use of a quiet permanent magnet motor is particularly rational in connection with traction sheave elevators, which are the type of elevator most used in residential buildings where noise transmission issues are most relevant. Therefore, the use of a permanent magnet axial flux elevator motor according to the present invention is particularly beneficial in traction sheave elevators, which are typically installed in residential buildings.

[0018] In most of these types of traction sheave elevators, the hoisting ropes are configured to move the elevator car and counterweight, essentially reducing the torque requirements of the elevator motor, which in turn works in conjunction with the quiet permanent magnet motor to reduce noise transmission throughout the traction sheave elevator, thus creating a synergistic effect with the quiet elevator motor.

[0019] Preferably, the elevator motor is located within the elevator shaft, preferably at its top or bottom. This has the advantage that only the elevator shaft needs to be insulated from the building, and there is no need to provide an additional machine room to provide additional insulation for the occupied parts of the building. This location of such a motor will regularly result in greater noise transmission within the building than if it were located in a machine room, and the use of different slot widths counteracts this problem.

[0020] Preferably, the motor drive that controls the elevator motor is located within the elevator shaft, preferably close to the elevator motor. In this manner, the high current generating motor drive is close to the elevator motor, avoiding long high current paths within the building, and also keeping any noise generated by the motor drive within the elevator shaft, again reducing noise propagation throughout the traction sheave elevator.

[0021] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that all the above-mentioned features of the present invention can be arbitrarily combined as long as the individual features are not mutually contradictory.

[0022] The following terms are used synonymously: slot - rib - slot filled with carrier material, smaller slot - slot with smaller width - first slot, larger slot - slot with larger (wider) width - second slot, shaft - axis, rope - belt. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to schematic drawings. [Figure 1] 1 shows a side view of an elevator motor of the present invention. [Figure 2] The magnet ring of the rotor of the permanent magnet motor is shown in a view taken along line II-II in FIG. [Figure 3] 3 shows a detail of the magnet ring of the rotor of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 1 shows a carrier formed as a template that determines the location for fixing the permanent magnets to the elevator rotor.

[0024] FIG. 1 shows a traction sheave elevator 10 with elevator motor 12, a permanent magnet axial flux motor mounted at the top of elevator shaft 14. Elevator motor 12 has a stator 16 and a rotor 20 that rotates around motor shaft 18 and is connected to a traction sheave 22 with rope grooves. Hoisting ropes 24 run in the rope grooves to move elevator car 27 and counterweight 25 within elevator shaft 14. For clarity, a 1:1 suspension is shown for elevator car 27 and counterweight 25, but preferably, a 2:1 suspension is used for both, reducing the torque requirements of the elevator motor by approximately a factor of two. Motor 12 is preferably flat and disc-shaped, i.e., its radial length is longer than its axial length. This allows motor 12 to be secured to elevator guide rails and mounted between the guide rails and the shaft wall.

[0025] 1 also shows a motor drive 33 mounted at the top of the elevator shaft 14 and connected to the elevator motor 12 via a high current supply line. The motor drive 33 is further connected via control lines 31 to an elevator controller 32 mounted in a housing 34 beside a floor entrance 36 that connects a floor 38 of the building to the elevator shaft 14.

[0026] The elevator rotor 20 includes individual, identically sized permanent magnets 26 spaced apart by carriers 28 used to secure the permanent magnets 26 to the rotor 20 (see particularly FIG. 4). This provides alternatively a first slot 30a having a smaller width and a second slot 30b having a larger width between each permanent magnet 26. The permanent magnets 26 may be one piece or may be made up of several pieces. Optional two-piece permanent magnets are known.

[0027] 2-4, the permanent magnets 26, together with the carrier 28, form a magnet ring 35 as the force element of the rotor 20. In the magnet ring 35, the permanent magnets 26 of the same size are alternatively spaced by smaller first slots 30a and larger second slots 30b, such that every even slot number is a smaller first slot, and every odd slot number in the magnet ring 35 is a larger odd slot 30b. This approach smooths the force and torque generation over a full 360° rotation of the rotor 20, thereby essentially reducing noise propagation in the permanent magnet motor 12.

[0028] 3 shows detail III taken from FIG. 2, showing how a first slot 30a with a smaller slot width of about 2 mm is always followed by a second slot 30b with a larger slot width of about 4 mm. In this connection, it should be mentioned that the slots 30a, 30b are filled by a carrier 28 forming a template 28 serving to attach the permanent magnets 26 to the rotor 20, as shown in FIG.

[0029] The mold plate is made of aluminum or fiber-reinforced resin and consists of an outer ring 42 and a concentric inner ring 44. These rings are connected by alternating first and second ribs 46a, 46b. The first ribs 46a are narrower and alternate with the wider second ribs 46b. Recesses 40 are formed between the outer ring 42, inner ring 44, and ribs 46a, 46b of the mold plate 28, into which permanent magnets can be pressed and glued to a carrier. This mechanically positions the permanent magnets 26 in the correct position, forming two alternating slots 30a, 30b of different widths between them. In this mold plate, the ribs 46a, 46b form corresponding slots 30a, 30b in the rotor 20 of the magnet ring 35.

[0030] Such a carrier 28 thus forms a mounting plate with holes 40 made of a material known per se and typical of those used to fill the gaps between the permanent magnets of permanent magnet motors, preferably aluminum or resin reinforced with fiber laminations. Furthermore, the carrier 28 and the permanent magnets 26 may be screwed or glued to the permanent magnet rotor 20.

[0031] It should be mentioned that in the traction sheave elevator of Figure 1, noise reduction is further enhanced if the car 27 and / or counterweight 25 are suspended with a 2:1 rope suspension, thereby reducing the torque requirement by approximately half compared to a 1:1 suspension. This preferably leads to an elevator configuration that uses the elevator motor 12 at the top or bottom of the elevator shaft 14. Preferably, the elevator also has a counterweight 25, which again reduces the torque requirement and therefore the noise transmitted by the motor. In this case, diverting pulleys must be provided in connection with the car 27 and counterweight 25, and the ends of the hoisting ropes will be fixed somewhere within the elevator shaft 14.

[0032] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments do not limit the present invention, and the present invention can be realized within the scope of protection of the appended claims.

[0033] 10 Traction sheave elevator 12. Axial-flux permanent magnet elevator motor 14 Elevator Shaft Elevator rotor stator with 16 windings 18 Elevator motor rotating shaft 20 Elevator motor rotor with permanent magnets 22 Traction sheave with rope grooves for frictional grip of the hoisting rope 24 Set of four parallel hoisting ropes 25 Counterweight 26 Permanent magnets of the rotor forming a magnet ring 27 Elevator car 28 Carrier for carrying permanent magnets on rotor - a template for attaching the permanent magnets to the rotor, e.g., aluminum or fiber-reinforced resin 29 High current supply wire between motor drive and elevator motor 30a First slot (narrow or smaller width) 30b Second slot (wider or larger width) 31 Control line between elevator control unit and motor drive 32 Elevator control device 33 Motor drive (usually includes frequency converter) Control cabinet next to the door on the 34th floor 35 A magnet ring formed by a series of permanent magnets and slots (ribs) 36th floor door 38 Building Floors 40 Recess in the mold plate where the permanent magnet is attached to the rotor 42 Outer ring of template 44 Inner ring of mold plate 46a, 46b Ribs of different widths between the outer ring, inner ring and recesses that form the slots of the magnet ring 35

Claims

1. a stator with stator windings and a rotor having permanent magnets, the magnets of the rotor and the windings of the stator being arranged in an axial flux configuration, the rotor being connected to a traction sheave that drives an elevator hoisting rope; the permanent magnets are mounted in an annular arrangement on a carrier of the rotor to form a magnet ring having slots therebetween; the width of the slots varies between at least some of two consecutive slots in the magnet ring; the magnet ring includes a first slot having a first width and a second slot having a second slot width, the first slot width being different from the second slot width; 10. An elevator motor, comprising: a magnet ring having a first slot and a second slot; a magnet ring having a second slot and a second slot; a magnet ring having a second slot and a second slot; a magnet ring having a second slot; a magnet ring having a second slot; a magnet ring having a second slot; an elevator motor ...

2. 2. The elevator motor of claim 1, wherein the width of the slots varies between each two consecutive slots in the magnet ring.

3. 2. The elevator motor of claim 1, wherein the first slot width is between 1.5 mm and 3 mm, and the second slot width is between 2.5 mm and 5 mm.

4. 4. An elevator motor according to claim 1, wherein the carrier completely fills the slots to form ribs between the permanent magnets, the ribs abutting the end faces of the permanent magnets facing the stator.

5. 4. An elevator motor according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet is bonded or screwed to said carrier.

6. 4. An elevator motor according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is made of glass fiber laminate or aluminum.

7. 4. An elevator motor according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet is embedded in said support.

8. 8. An elevator motor according to claim 7, wherein the carrier forms a template with holes or recesses into which the permanent magnets are inserted.

9. 4. The elevator motor according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnets are V-shaped on the plate surface of the magnet ring.

10. 4. An elevator motor according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet and the winding are disposed at the same distance from the motor shaft of the elevator motor.

11. 4. An elevator motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator has concentrated fractional slot windings with a minimum of 0.1 slots per pole per phase and a maximum of 0.5 slots per pole per phase.

12. A traction sheave elevator equipped with the elevator motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The hoisting ropes are configured to move an elevator car along an elevator hoistway within an elevator shaft.

13. 13. The traction sheave elevator of claim 12, wherein the hoisting ropes are configured to move the elevator car and optionally the counterweight.

14. 13. A traction sheave elevator according to claim 12, wherein the elevator motor is disposed within the elevator shaft, preferably at the top or bottom thereof.

15. 13. The traction sheave elevator according to claim 12, wherein a motor drive unit that controls the elevator motor is disposed within the elevator shaft.

16. 14. The traction sheave elevator according to claim 13, wherein the car and / or the counterweight are suspended by the hoisting ropes at a suspension ratio of 2:1.

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