Devices, systems and methods for promoting hair growth

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Devices, systems and methods are provided for promoting hair growth through treatment of adjacent skin tissue of a subject. [Solution] The method includes using a handpiece assembly (2010) to apply vacuum or suction along a target portion of a subject's skin surface where hair growth or hair stimulation is desired, and delivering at least one treatment material to the target area of ​​the subject's skin surface, wherein applying the vacuum or suction is configured to promote hair growth or hair stimulation.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 190,243, filed July 8, 2015, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 320,476, filed April 9, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The entirety of U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 346,582, filed December 30, 2008, issued January 1, 2013 as U.S. Patent No. 8,343,116; U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 392,348, filed March 29, 2006, issued November 1, 2011 as U.S. Patent No. 8,048,089; U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 832,663, filed July 8, 2010, issued August 26, 2014 as U.S. Patent No. 8,814,836; and International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, published September 25, 2014 as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104, are incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof. [Background technology]

[0003] FIELD OF THE INVENTION This application relates generally to promoting hair growth, and more particularly to devices, systems and methods for promoting hair growth by treating adjacent skin tissue of a subject. This application is also applicable to any other type of skin treatment procedure, as well as other skin treatment devices and systems. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] According to some embodiments, an engagement member or shroud configured to be disposed along a distal end of a hand piece assembly, the engagement member comprising a proximal end configured to attach to a proximal component of the hand piece assembly, a distal end configured to contact and engage the skin surface to be treated, and a body extending between the proximal and distal ends configured to accommodate irregularities and other contours of the skin surface to be treated, the engagement member being flexible, and the engagement member configured to facilitate acquisition of liquid present along the skin surface to be treated during use. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] According to some embodiments, the engaging member or shroud comprises rubber or other elastomeric material (e.g., silicone rubber). In some embodiments, the engaging member comprises at least one bellows or other foldable member to facilitate manipulation of the engaging member relative to the skin surface to be treated.

[0006] In some embodiments, the engagement member or shroud is configured to be coupled to a tip of the handpiece assembly, with the proximal end of the engagement member configured to be fixedly or removably coupled to the tip. In some embodiments, the engagement member or shroud is configured to be coupled to a body portion of the handpiece assembly, with the proximal end of the engagement member configured to be fixedly or removably coupled to the body portion of the handpiece assembly.

[0007] According to some embodiments, a method of promoting hair growth or hair stimulation in a subject includes applying a vacuum or suction using a handpiece assembly along a target portion of a skin surface of the subject where hair growth or hair stimulation is desired, and delivering at least one treatment material to the target area of ​​the skin surface of the subject, wherein applying the vacuum or suction promotes hair growth or hair stimulation.

[0008] According to some embodiments, a method of promoting hair growth or hair stimulation in a subject includes applying positive pressure using a handpiece assembly along a target portion of a skin surface of the subject where hair growth or hair stimulation is desired, and delivering at least one treatment material to the target portion of the skin surface of the subject, wherein applying the positive pressure facilitates promoting hair growth or hair stimulation.

[0009] According to some embodiments, the vacuum or suction is applied continuously or intermittently. In some embodiments, the vacuum or suction is applied intermittently using a pulsing device. In one embodiment, the pulsing device is configured to alternately generate a first pressure and a second pressure along the skin surface of the subject, where the first pressure is greater than the second pressure and the second pressure is a vacuum or suction. In some embodiments, the first pressure is a positive pressure. In some embodiments, the first pressure is a vacuum or suction.

[0010] According to some embodiments, the distal end of the handpiece assembly is configured to contact a skin surface of a subject. In some embodiments, the distal end of the handpiece assembly comprises a tip. In some embodiments, the tip is detachable from a proximal portion of the handpiece assembly. In one embodiment, the tip comprises at least one suction port or opening through which vacuum or suction can be selectively applied.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the at least one therapeutic material comprises one or more of the following materials: growth factors (e.g., human-derived growth factors, non-human-derived growth factors, liposome (courier) chemically altered growth factors), Therapeutic agents may include, but are not limited to, cereals containing glutamic acid, cereals containing glutamic acid, and / or cereals containing glutamic acid. Examples of therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to, glutamic acid, glutamic acid derivatives ... In some embodiments, at least one therapeutic material is disposed at the tip of the handpiece assembly, the at least one therapeutic material configured to at least partially dissolve or release in the presence of a liquid.

[0012] According to some embodiments, applying a vacuum or suction helps promote blood flow at or near a target portion of the subject's skin surface. In some embodiments, the method further includes at least partially exfoliating the subject's skin surface. In some embodiments, at least partially exfoliating the subject's skin surface includes exfoliating using an abrasive surface or member. In one embodiment, at least partially exfoliating the subject's skin surface includes exfoliating using a chemical exfoliant. In some embodiments, at least partially exfoliating the subject's skin surface occurs before delivering at least one therapeutic material to the target portion of the subject's skin surface. In some embodiments, the at least one therapeutic material includes a growth factor.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the method further comprises administering light therapy to the skin tissue. In some embodiments, the light therapy comprises applying red or blue light to the skin tissue. In one embodiment, the light therapy is used to activate at least one treatment material and promote or stimulate hair growth.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the method additionally includes at least partially penetrating a skin surface of the subject. In some embodiments, penetrating the skin surface of the subject includes using at least one needle assembly configured to selectively penetrate skin tissue. In some embodiments, the at least one needle assembly is configured to open a passageway in the skin of the subject, the passageway leading to or near a hair follicle of the subject. In some embodiments, the at least one needle assembly is coated with or includes at least one therapeutic material. In one embodiment, the at least one needle assembly includes a plurality of hollow needles, and the at least one therapeutic material is configured to be delivered through passageways of the hollow needles.

[0015] According to some embodiments, the method further includes massaging or vibrating the targeted portion of the subject's skin surface to promote delivery of at least one therapeutic material deeper into the skin surface. In some embodiments, the massaging or vibrating results in at least partially opening pores along the subject's skin surface to promote passage of the at least one therapeutic material. In one embodiment, the massaging or vibrating includes moving a handpiece comprising at least one nonlinearly structured surface relative to the skin surface. In some embodiments, the at least one nonlinear structure comprises a wavy yet smooth surface or structure.

[0016] According to some embodiments, the method additionally includes administering a treatment to the area of ​​skin tissue that has received the hair transplant. In some embodiments, the method further includes implanting at least a plurality of hair follicles at or near the area of ​​skin tissue that is to be treated.

[0017] According to some embodiments, the method additionally includes heating or cooling a target portion of the skin surface of the subject being treated. In some embodiments, heating or cooling the skin surface includes using a separate thermal regulation element (e.g., a thermoelectric element, a Peltier element, etc.).

[0018] According to some embodiments, the method further comprises delivering energy to a target portion of the subject's skin surface to enhance hair growth or hair stimulation. In some embodiments, the energy delivered to the skin tissue comprises one or more of radio frequency (RF) energy, microwave energy, ultrasound energy, iontophoresis, and a laser.

[0019] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present application will be described with reference to drawings of specific embodiments, which are for purposes of illustration and not limitation. It is understood that the drawings are for purposes of illustrating the various concepts disclosed herein and may not be drawn to scale. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a handpiece assembly configured for use with a skin treatment system, including one adapted to promote hair growth, according to one embodiment.

[0021] [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic of a handpiece assembly in fluid communication with a fluid delivery or manifold system, according to one embodiment.

[0022] [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 illustrates a system including a pneumatic pulser, according to one embodiment. [Figure 3B] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulser, according to one embodiment. [Figure 3C] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulser, according to one embodiment. [Figure 3D] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulser, according to one embodiment. [Figure 3E] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulser, according to one embodiment.

[0023] [Figure 4A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system including a pneumatic pulse section and a needle penetration section, according to one embodiment. [Figure 4B] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulse section and a needle penetration section, according to one embodiment. [Figure 4C] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulse section and a needle penetration section, according to one embodiment. [Figure 4D] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulse section and a needle penetration section, according to one embodiment. [Figure 4E] FIG. 10 is another view of a system including a pneumatic pulse section and a needle penetration section, according to one embodiment.

[0024] [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a side view of a handpiece assembly having an engagement member or shroud along the distal end of the handpiece assembly.

[0025] [Figure 6] 6 shows the embodiment of FIG. 5 in one orientation during a skin treatment procedure. [Figure 7] 6 shows the embodiment of FIG. 5 in another orientation during a skin treatment procedure.

[0026] [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a front perspective view of an engagement member and a tip.

[0027] [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a front perspective view of another embodiment of an engagement member or shroud disposed along the distal end of the handpiece assembly.

[0028] [Figure 10A] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a light stick device configured for use with hair growth and / or other skin treatment systems. [Figure 10B] 10A-10C illustrate another embodiment of a light stick device configured for use with hair growth and / or other skin treatment systems.

[0029] [Figure 11A] FIG. 1 illustrates a station for a thermal regulation system, according to one embodiment. [Figure 11B] FIG. 1 illustrates a station for a thermal regulation system, according to one embodiment.

[0030] [Figure 12A] FIG. 10 is a diagram of an assembly with a roller ball for use with a treatment system, according to one embodiment. [Figure 12B] FIG. 10 is another view of an assembly with a roller ball for use with a treatment system, according to one embodiment.

[0031] [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an assembly including a core member for use with a treatment system, according to one embodiment.

[0032] [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a side view of an assembly with a core member for use with a treatment system, according to one embodiment.

[0033] [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating a side view of an assembly including a core member and a roller ball for use with a treatment system, according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] Although the various embodiments of the devices, systems, and methods disclosed herein have particular relevance to treatment devices, systems, and methods for promoting hair growth and conditioning / treating skin associated with such hair growth, the features, advantages, and other properties disclosed herein may also have direct or indirect application in other applications, such as, for example, medical devices and procedures, mechanical devices, and non-skin treatment devices and methods.

[0035] According to some embodiments, devices, systems, and methods can be used to promote hair growth. For example, one or more fluids and / or other substances can be selectively delivered to and / or within the scalp (e.g., at least partially within the skin tissue of a subject) to help stimulate hair follicle growth and / or promote hair growth. As described in more detail herein, delivery of such materials to and / or within the skin surface (e.g., scalp) of a subject can be facilitated by one or more injection or penetration features or methods. For example, delivery of desired or required therapeutic materials (e.g., growth factors) can be facilitated by one or more of the following methods: the use of suction or vacuum (e.g., to stimulate blood flow), the use of force, pressure, and / or mechanical vibration (e.g., mechanical pulsing using air delivery to the target skin surface), the use of needles or other tissue penetration devices or instruments, the use of abrasion or massage of the target skin tissue, the use of thermomodulation (e.g., heating or cooling) of the target skin tissue, the use of energy delivery (e.g., ultrasound, laser, radio frequency energy, microwave energy, electrical current or electrical stimulation, iontophoresis, etc.) concurrent with delivery of the therapeutic material, the use of light (e.g., red light, ultraviolet light, etc.), the use of hair transplantation or other hair growth systems, methods, and / or techniques, etc.

[0036] The various steps, techniques and / or other features described herein can be used alone or in conjunction with one another to achieve a particular result, such as promoting hair growth in a subject or strengthening existing or new hair in a subject. Delivery of therapeutic fluids and / or other materials

[0037] In some embodiments, one or more therapeutic fluids and / or other materials can be delivered to a subject's skin tissue, preferably (at least partially) within the skin tissue, to promote hair growth in a target portion of the subject's skin (e.g., the subject's scalp). For example, in some configurations, growth factors can be delivered to the subject's skin surface. Growth factors can include, among others, human-derived growth factors (e.g., FGF9 and other fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), human fibroblast-conditioned medium and other fibroblast growth factors, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-related ligand, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), hepatocyte growth factor / scatter factor (HGF / SF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), synthetic growth factors, chemically altered growth factors in liposomes ("couriers"), other human-derived growth factors, and / or non-human-derived growth factors. In some embodiments, growth factors delivered to a subject's skin tissue for hair growth purposes include, but are not limited to, human growth factors, synthetic growth factors, or laboratory-derived growth factors. In other embodiments, one or more other substances can be delivered to the subject's skin in addition to or in place of the growth factors. For example, in some embodiments, one or more of the following can be delivered to a target area or portion of the subject's skin to help promote hair growth: growth factors, amino acids (e.g., leucine, isoleucine, valine, etc.), antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, finasteride, dutasteride, ketoconazole, spironolactone, flutamide, catechin, epicatechin, other phytochemicals, carnitine, rejuvaplex, copper peptides, other hair growth stimulants, other pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical products, botanical-derived products, cleansing or pre-cleansing shampoos, other cleansing or pre-cleansing solutions. (e.g., salicylic acid, GlySal™ (a mixture of glycolic and salicylic acids), other acids, and other natural and synthetic materials.

[0038] According to some embodiments, regardless of the exact material(s) or substance(s) or combination(s) used, the delivery of medicaments and / or other substances and materials can advantageously aid in hair growth along the target skin surface of the subject. In some embodiments, the delivery of such fluids and / or other materials can facilitate improved health of natural hair and / or hair transplants, as desired or needed.

[0039] As an example, fluids and / or other materials can be delivered to a target portion of a subject's skin (e.g., the subject's scalp) using a handpiece assembly the same as or similar to that illustrated and described herein with reference to Figures 5-9. In other embodiments, any other device (e.g., handpiece assembly) or method can be used to deliver one or more fluids to a target skin of a subject. In some configurations, for example, a handpiece similar or identical to that shown in Figure 1 herein can be used.

[0040] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a handpiece assembly 100 configured for use with a skin treatment system. As shown in FIG. 1 , the handpiece assembly 100 can include a body portion 110 configured to receive a tip 130 along a distal end 120 of the handpiece assembly 100. In some embodiments, the tip 130 is removably attached to the distal end of the body portion 110. However, the tip can alternatively be permanently attached to the body portion 110, as desired or required. The tip can include one or more abrasive features, abrasive surfaces, etc., configured to selectively abrade the skin as the handpiece assembly 100 is moved against the subject's skin. Thus, the tip can be configured to perform microdermabrasion of the target skin surface. Further details regarding potential chip options that may be incorporated into any of the embodiments disclosed herein are set forth in U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 392,348, filed March 29, 2006, and issued November 1, 2011, as U.S. Patent No. 8,048,089, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and made a part of this application.

[0041] 1 , the handpiece assembly 100 can be sized, shaped, or configured to receive one or more vials or cartridges 200. For example, as shown, the handpiece assembly can include a recess or other opening into which the vial 200 can be placed and secured. Such a vial or other container 200 can contain one or more fluids and / or other materials that can be selectively delivered to a subject's skin surface during use to promote hair growth.

[0042] In some embodiments, one or more materials can be strategically embedded, impregnated, disposed, stored, and / or deployed on one or more surfaces or regions of a chip or other portion or component of a skin treatment system. Such materials can include solids, semi-solids, other dry substances, gels, concentrated solutions, etc. For example, such materials can be provided in bulk (e.g., on the chip, in a recess or other portion of the chip, or disposed in a cartridge or other container, or adhered to one or more surfaces, etc.) as tablets, capsules, pills, disks, or other dissolvable solids immersed in a foam pad or other sponge-like material, etc. Thus, in certain configurations, water (e.g., distilled water, tap water, filtered water, etc.), saline, other diluents, and / or other fluids delivered to the chip can selectively dissolve, liquefy, melt, soften, dilute, or prepare materials embedded, impregnated, and / or disposed on the chip, in a cartridge or other container, and / or on or within another portion or component of a skin treatment system (e.g., a handpiece assembly, a fluid line upstream of the handpiece assembly, etc.). Thus, any desired hair growth material or formulation can be advantageously delivered to the treated skin surface as desired or needed.

[0043] Additionally, as shown in FIG. 1 , the handpiece assembly 100 can be connected to a vacuum. For example, the waste conduit 180 of the handpiece assembly can be placed in fluid communication with a suction or vacuum source (not shown) to remove exfoliated skin, used fluid, waste, and / or other materials from the treatment surface. As mentioned above, the handpiece assembly 100 can be configured to accept one or more removable tips 130, which may be selected based on the particular procedure being performed, the desired results, and / or other considerations. The distal portion 120 of the handpiece assembly 100 can include one or more O-rings 138 or other sealing members to prevent undesired leakage between the body portion 110 and the tip 130. Further details regarding removable tips are described in U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 832,663, filed July 8, 2010, and published April 7, 2011 as U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011 / 0082415, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety (see, by way of example and not limitation, Figures 5B and 8A-16B of the referenced application).

[0044] With continued reference to FIG. 1 , the handpiece assembly 100 can be configured to accept one or more types of vials or cartridges 200. For example, the vials 200 can include, without limitation, standard or non-standard vials, ampoules, or any other containers. In some embodiments, the hair growth agent and / or any other treatment fluid or material contained within the cartridge 200 can be drawn toward the tip 130 using one or more suction sources (e.g., a vacuum source configured to remove waste from the tip). In other embodiments, the fluid and / or other material contained within the cartridge can gravity flow toward the tip 130 or be transported with the aid of a fluid transfer device. The cartridge 200 can be selectively removed from the handpiece assembly 100 when a desired volume or other amount of serum or other material has been delivered to the tip 130.

[0045] In some embodiments, a vacuum in fluid communication with the waste conduit 180 can be configured to remove waste from the tip 130 and to facilitate the transfer of serum, other fluids, and / or any other materials from the vial or cartridge 200 to the tip 130. When the tip 130 is placed against the subject's skin, suction generated by a vacuum source can be delivered to one or more fluid channels or fluid conduits of the handpiece assembly 100. Such suction generated within the corresponding channels or conduits of the handpiece assembly can remain in place as long as the tip 130 is maintained or substantially maintained against the subject's skin. As a result, suction generated by the vacuum source can be transferred to one or more fluid delivery channels of the assembly 100, thereby transferring fluids and / or other materials from a vial or other container to the tip 130.

[0046] In some embodiments, serum, other fluids, and / or other materials can be delivered to the tip 130 through one or more peripherally or other non-centrally located channels, conduits, and / or other lines or accessories (e.g., from a cartridge, an external source, etc.). For example, in the handpiece assembly 100 shown in FIG. 1 , such fluids and / or other materials can be delivered through one or more internal channels of the assembly and / or waste conduits of the tip. Accordingly, in some embodiments, one or more channels, connectors, and / or other hydraulic components may need to be reconfigured to properly position the non-centrally located delivery openings of the tip in fluid communication with corresponding delivery lines of the handpiece assembly 100.

[0047] According to certain embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , the vial, cartridge, or other container 200 is placed in fluid communication with a manifold system 400, which may include a plurality of individual fluid conduits 410, 420, 430, and 440. One or more of these fluid conduits 410, 420, 430, and 440 may then be in fluid communication with a separate container (not shown). For example, in some embodiments, such fluid conduits may be in fluid communication with a tower system container (see, e.g., FIGS. 9-11 ). In the illustrated embodiment, the individual fluid lines 410, 420, 430, and 440 are in fluid communication with a main fluid conduit 450, which connects to a nozzle 202 along the proximal end of the vial or other container 200 secured within the handpiece assembly 100. One or more of the fluid conduits may include valves 412, 422, 432, 442 or other flow control devices or mechanisms to selectively regulate the transfer of fluids and / or other materials to the handpiece assembly. In the illustrated configuration, the manifold system 400 includes a total of four fluid branches. However, the system may include more or fewer fluid branches (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more, etc.) as desired or required depending on the particular application or use.

[0048] According to certain embodiments, one or more of the fluid lines or fluid conduits of the manifold system shown in FIG. 2 are configured to deliver serums, other treatment fluids, etc., including fluids and materials adapted to promote hair growth. However, alternatively, one or more of the conduits may be configured to receive water (e.g., distilled water, tap water, filtered water, etc.), saline, other diluents or dissolving solutions, other fluids, etc., to the hand piece assembly 100. As described in more detail herein, such fluids may be adapted to contact and dissolve, dilute, liquefy, soften, and / or mix with one or more solids, gels, and / or other materials disposed on, within, or within various surfaces or portions of the hand piece assembly 100 (e.g., the tip). This may provide a convenient method of delivering one or more materials to the skin-tip interface or any other location where such materials are desired or needed. suction / vacuum

[0049] In some configurations, a vacuum, suction, or negative pressure can be applied to a target skin surface (e.g., a subject's scalp) to facilitate delivery, infusion, diffusion, and / or progression of one or more therapeutic materials to the skin surface, stimulate blood flow along or near the target skin surface, and / or provide one or more other benefits or benefits. Such a vacuum can be applied using a handpiece specifically designed to engage the skin and deliver such a vacuum force. For example, a handpiece the same as or similar to embodiments disclosed in any of the following applications can be used: U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 346,582, filed December 30, 2008, issued January 1, 2013 as U.S. Patent No. 8,343,116; U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 392,348, filed March 29, 2006, issued November 1, 2011 as U.S. Patent No. 8,048,089; U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 832,663, filed July 8, 2010, issued August 26, 2014 as U.S. Patent No. 8,814,836; and International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, published September 25, 2014 as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104. As noted hereinabove, all of the aforementioned applications are incorporated herein in their entirety. The embodiments described herein with reference to Figures 1 and 2 provide exemplary systems that utilize vacuum to assist in the transfer of fluids and other therapeutic materials from one or more containers (e.g., vials or bottles contained in a tower or manifold system) to a skin interface.

[0050] The use of such handpieces and / or other devices or systems can provide one or more benefits or advantages during a therapeutic (e.g., hair growth promotion or enhancement) procedure. For example, delivering suction or vacuum to a target skin surface can enhance blood flow to the target skin surface (e.g., superficial or superficial tissues and / or deeper or deep tissues at, near, or adjacent to the target hair growth area). In certain circumstances, this can provide a therapeutic benefit to the target tissue and help create an environment that can improve the likelihood of hair growth. Additionally, the use of vacuum or suction can further enhance the delivery of fluids and / or other materials (e.g., growth factors, amino acids, antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, other hair growth stimulants, other natural or synthetic materials, etc.) to deeper portions of the target skin tissue. Pressures used with vacuum and pulse and positive pressure

[0051] In some embodiments, the injection or transfer of fluid into the target skin tissue can be enhanced by utilizing pressure delivery (e.g., application of a constant or intermittent force) and / or mechanical pulsation to the tissue surface. For example, a handpiece assembly and / or other device or system can be used to deliver pulsed air to the target skin tissue of a subject. In some embodiments, pressure, pulsing, and / or similar techniques can be used to assist in the delivery of therapeutic fluids and / or substances deeper into the skin tissue to facilitate a therapeutic treatment (e.g., a hair growth promotion protocol or method). In such configurations, mechanical force (e.g., via pressure, pulsing, etc.) can be used to help push or drive therapeutic fluids and / or other substances delivered at or near the tip of the handpiece or other device or system deeper into the skin tissue. In some embodiments, the ability to deliver at least a portion of the therapeutic fluid and / or other material deeper into the skin tissue can facilitate the overall process and promote the health and viability of hair growth in such tissue.

[0052] According to some configurations, a device or system configured to deliver air at a desired pulse rate or frequency can be used to help "drive" therapeutic fluids and / or other substances deeper into the target skin surface. Further details regarding the use of pulses (e.g., air-based pulses) are described in International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, and published September 25, 2014, as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104, which is incorporated herein in its entirety.

[0053] 3A-4E illustrate non-limiting embodiments of handpiece assemblies configured to deliver one or more fluids and / or other therapeutic materials (e.g., hair growth-promoting agents) to a skin interface in combination with air delivery (e.g., pulsing) and / or puncturing.

[0054] According to some embodiments, as described herein, the effectiveness of a therapeutic treatment (e.g., a hair growth stimulation treatment) can be enhanced by delivering mechanical vibrations to the treated skin surface. For example, air or other fluids can be selectively pulsed or delivered to the skin surface simultaneously with ablation and / or therapeutic fluid delivery. In other embodiments, other forms of mechanical energy (e.g., acoustic energy, needle penetration, etc.) can be used instead of or in addition to fluid delivery. This can be done simultaneously with, and / or before or after, the skin treatment treatment, as desired or necessary. As described above, in some embodiments, it may be beneficial to deliver air or other fluids to the treated skin surface. The air can be delivered at a particular flow rate, pressure, intensity, pulse rate or frequency, and / or duration to help achieve a particular effect at the skin surface. For example, during a microdermabrasion treatment, air or other fluids can be pulsed to the skin before and / or after the treatment to promote and facilitate the transfer of at least a portion of serum, other liquids, and / or other substances into the subject's skin tissue after ablation. In some embodiments, the air pressure pulses can include square wave pulses (eg, successive successive air delivery steps, with no air delivery steps, etc.).

[0055] In some embodiments, air is delivered through the air delivery passages of the individual jets. Thus, depending on the volume, strength, pressure, and / or other characteristics of the jets, such jets can facilitate the application of intermittent force along the subject's skin. As discussed above, such mechanical or pneumatic vibrations to the skin can provide one or more benefits. For example, the force or pressure exerted on the skin can facilitate driving serum, liquid, and / or other substances being delivered to the tip (e.g., through the fluid delivery passages) deeper into the skin tissue. The repetitive vibrations generated by the air jets can also facilitate loosening dirt, oil, and / or other undesirable substances from pores along the treated skin surface.

[0056] A handpiece assembly configured to deliver air or other gas during a skin treatment procedure can be configured to allow a user to adjust the manner in which air is delivered through one or more air delivery passages and / or the amount of negative pressure applied by the vacuum source through the aspiration passage (or, for example, the amount of negative pressure achieved along the tip). In some embodiments, the negative pressure in the aspiration passage is high enough to maintain contact between the peripheral and internal lips and the subject's skin during use. This can help maintain a steady and consistent flow of treatment fluid to the working surface while the skin surface (e.g., the subject's scalp or other skin area where hair growth is desired) is being ablated or treated. A sufficiently high vacuum along the tip can help prevent the lips from losing contact with the skin surface while air is delivered to the skin surface (e.g., at the jet).

[0057] According to some embodiments, one or more needles or other piercing members can be used to vibrate and / or penetrate specific areas or regions of a subject's skin before, during, or after a microdermabrasion or other skin treatment procedure. The needles or other piercing members can be moved in and out of adjacent skin tissue over a period of time, thereby at least temporarily forming multiple small-diameter passages within the targeted skin tissue. Such passages can advantageously transport serums, other therapeutic agents, and / or other substances delivered or applied to the skin deeper into the skin tissue.

[0058] 3A-3E show various views of another embodiment of a skin treatment device 3200 comprising a body 3210 and a tip 3240 disposed along a distal end of the body. In some embodiments, the tip 3240 can be removably secured to the body 3210. As shown in the front view of FIG. 22B, the tip 3240 can comprise an outer or peripheral lip 3260 configured to contact a skin surface (e.g., a subject's scalp) when the device 3200 is properly positioned against the subject's skin. The tip 3240 can also additionally comprise an inner lip or ridge 3252 configured to contact the skin surface to be treated (e.g., simultaneously with the outer lip or ridge or the peripheral lip or ridge 3260).

[0059] Continuing with reference to FIG. 3B , the generally annular region defined between the outer lip or ridge 3260 and the inner lip or ridge 3252 can include one or more openings or ports. For example, as shown, the annular region can include one or more vacuum or suction ports 3242. In some embodiments, such ports 3242 comprise posts or other members extending above the bottom surface of the annular region. As shown in FIG. 3B , the vacuum or suction ports 3241 can be strategically positioned adjacent to or near (e.g., immediately around) the inner ridge 3252. Such a configuration can help maintain contact between the lips or ridges 3260, 3252 and the subject's skin surface during use of the device 3200. The ability to maintain consistent and sufficient contact between the tip and the subject's skin can be challenging when air or other fluid is pulsed through the central opening 3256 of the tip during use. As will be appreciated, the delivery of positive air pressure during pulsing can tend to cause the tip (e.g., particularly the inner lip 3252 and surrounding structures) to lose contact with the skin. Therefore, the system can be configured to provide sufficient suction or vacuum along, near, or adjacent to the pulse ports 3256 to ensure proper skin contact is maintained during use of the device. In other configurations, the suction ports or openings 3242 can be flush or nearly flush with the bottom surface of the annular region of the tip and / or can be recessed. Additionally, the shape, size, orientation, spacing, location, quantity and / or other characteristics of the ports or openings 3242 can differ from that shown in FIG. 3B as desired or necessary.

[0060] As shown in Figure 3B, the annular region defined between the two lips or ridges 3260, 3252 may also include one or more fluid delivery ports 3246 and / or additional vacuum or suction ports 3248. In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3B, the single fluid delivery port 3246 is generally opposite the vacuum or suction port 3248 to facilitate delivery of treatment fluid over a larger surface area of ​​the skin being treated. In other embodiments, the quantity, orientation, location, size, shape and / or other details of the fluid delivery ports and / or additional suction ports may vary.

[0061] 3B, an area defined within the inner lip 3252 includes openings 3256 that are in fluid communication with one or more passageways extending through the interior of the device 3200. As described in more detail herein, such openings 3256 can be used to selectively deliver pulsed air or other fluids to the skin during a therapeutic treatment.

[0062] As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C , the tip's pulse opening 3256 can be positioned in fluid communication with a pulsed fluid connector 3204 toward the distal or rear portion of the device 3200 (e.g., via one or more internal lumens, internal conduits, or other internal passages). Such connector 3204 can be coupled, directly or indirectly, to a pulsed air source to selectively deliver air to the tip and skin surface at a desired frequency, duty cycle, volume, etc. As discussed above, delivering such pulsed air or other fluid can assist in deeper penetration of the treatment fluid into the skin surface, thereby enhancing skin treatment treatments (e.g., hair growth treatments). For example, in some embodiments, the mechanical vibrations from the pulsing of air can drive, push, or propel treatment fluid delivered to the skin surface deeper into the skin.

[0063] According to some embodiments, one or more parameters related to the pulsing of air or gas in device 3200 can be adjusted by the user as desired or necessary. For example, in some embodiments, the high and low pressure levels during a pulse sequence can be varied. As described above, the low pressure level can be zero, a positive pressure or above zero, or a negative pressure or below zero (e.g., relative to atmospheric pressure). Thus, in some embodiments, air is pulsed between positive and negative pressures (e.g., suction pressure) during a particular cycle. In other embodiments, both the high and low pressure levels can be above atmospheric pressure. Thus, a pulse period need not include a vacuum or suction phase. In other embodiments, the low pressure level is zero or near zero. These pulse options may be applied to any embodiment disclosed herein that is configured or configurable for use in pulsed air delivery to a skin interface (e.g., for improved penetration of serum into a target skin surface).

[0064] 3A-3E, the tip 3240 configured to pulse air along the skin interface can additionally comprise one or more abrasive elements (e.g., posts, spirals, ridges, brushes, sharp edges, roughened surfaces, etc.). Thus, in some embodiments, while the device 3200 is activated (e.g., during delivery of pulsed air and / or while maintaining suction via a corresponding vacuum port), a user can selectively translate or move the tip of the device relative to a target skin surface to at least partially abrade and / or treat the skin (e.g., scalp, other skin area where hair growth is desired, etc.).

[0065] However, in other embodiments, device 3200 includes a non-abrasive tip 3240 for the purpose of driving serum and / or other fluids deeper into the skin. This can be performed as part of a preliminary, intermediate (e.g., secondary), or post-treatment (e.g., tertiary) step in a treatment process or protocol, as desired or necessary. For example, in some embodiments, such a non-abrasive device is used (and a corresponding method is employed) following an abrasive or preliminary treatment, step, or stage.

[0066] Continuing with reference to FIGS. 3A-3E, the device 3200 can be configured to be placed in fluid communication with one or more serum and / or other treatment fluids contained in a cartridge C. As shown, such a cartridge can be secured within a corresponding recess in the handheld device 3200, which in the illustrated configuration is located along the distal end of the device. However, in other embodiments, the device can include a port along the distal end (or along any other portion) of the device. Such a port (not shown in the illustrated configuration) can be placed in fluid communication with a main fluid delivery line. In some embodiments, for example, such a main fluid delivery line or conduit can be configured to deliver serum and / or other fluids from a manifold system such as that disclosed herein with reference to FIG. 2.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 3C, the handheld 3200 may include additional ports 3202, 3204 for connection to a vacuum source and / or a pulsed air source. Such fluid sources may be separate from the treatment system or may be at least partially integrated into the system as desired or necessary. In some embodiments, the vacuum source and pulsed air source are in data communication with a control module or other controller at a minimum, allowing a user of the device to advantageously adjust the suction and / or pulse levels during use.

[0068] According to some embodiments, the pulsed air concept can be combined with a movable needle assembly configured to selectively penetrate the skin. A system combining a needle penetration unit and a pulsed air delivery unit can provide improved (e.g., deeper) injection or penetration of serum and / or other liquids delivered to the treated skin surface. One embodiment of a device 3300 combining a needle penetration unit and a pulsed air delivery unit is shown in FIGS. 4A-4E. As described above with reference to FIGS. 3A-3E, the device 3300 can include an inner lip or ridge 3352 and an outer lip or ridge 3360. Such lips or ridges 3352, 3360 can be shaped and sized or configured to contact the skin surface when the tip 3340 of the device 3300 is properly positioned relative to the subject.

[0069] Referring to the front view of the chip in FIG. 4B , similar to other device embodiments disclosed herein, the region or space extending between the outer lip or ridge 3360 and the inner lip or ridge 3352 can be configured to receive one or more treatment fluids when the device is in use. For example, when the lips or ridges 3352, 3360 are contacted with the skin surface and a vacuum or suction source is activated, serum and / or other fluids from a fluid source (e.g., cartridge C as shown in FIGS. 4A-4E , a main fluid conduit coupled to a manifold system, etc.) can be delivered through one or more fluid delivery ports 3346 located between the ridges 3352, 3360. Used fluids and / or other debris can be removed from the chip and skin / device interface through vacuum openings 3348, also located between the ridges 3352, 3360 in the illustrated configuration. 3A-3E, the fluid delivery port 3346 and the suction or vacuum port 3348 can be spaced apart by a desired separation distance to help ensure that serum and / or other fluids being delivered to the skin pass along at least a portion of the tip before being detached. In some embodiments, this can provide a longer contact time between the serum and / or other liquid and the skin, which can result in better treatment outcomes.

[0070] Continuing with reference to FIG. 4 , the inner ridge or lip 3352 can include one or more openings or passageways 3356 adapted to deliver pulsed air to the area defined by the inner ridge 3352. In the illustrated embodiment, three separate openings or open areas 3356 are included within the inner ridge or lip 3352. However, in other embodiments, the inner ridge can include more or fewer openings or open areas, as desired or necessary. As described in more detail herein with respect to other air pressure pulse configurations, pulsed air or other gas can be selectively delivered through such openings 3356 to create a desired jet or air-driven effect on the skin. In some embodiments, one or more vacuum or suction ports 3342 can be strategically positioned along or near the inner ridge to maintain proper contact between the inner ridge 3352 and outer ridge 3360 and the subject's skin surface during use. The use of such suction can thus help prevent or reduce the likelihood of the inner ridge 3352 and outer ridge 3360 becoming detached from the skin surface being treated during use.

[0071] 4A-4E, the device can additionally include a moveable needle assembly 3370 within the tip 3340. In the illustrated embodiment, a single moveable needle assembly is located along a central portion of the tip (e.g., within the interior ridge or lip 3352). However, in other embodiments, the size, shape, location, quantity and / or details of the moveable needle assembly 3370 can be varied as desired or necessary. The needle assembly can include multiple needles 3372 extending outwardly (e.g., distally).

[0072] According to some embodiments, the needle assembly 3370 can be configured to reciprocate between a proximal and a distal position during use. In some embodiments, the reciprocating or other movement of the needle assembly 3370 is achieved pneumatically or mechanically. For example, in one embodiment, an air or other fluid line is at least partially coupled to a container or housing in which the needle assembly 3370 is disposed. Delivery of positive and / or negative fluid pressure to the moveable needle assembly 3370 (and / or, for example, an associated container or housing) can be used to move the needle assembly 3370 in a desired manner. In some embodiments, the moveable needle assembly 3370 can be spring loaded (e.g., using a spring or other resilient member or resilient assembly S disposed within the handpiece). Thus, in such a configuration, the needle assembly 3370 can be resiliently biased in a retracted (or proximal) direction by a spring or other resilient force. Applying pressure or force to the needle assembly 3370 (e.g., using selective air delivery to the assembly 3370) helps to move the needle assembly 3370 from its resiliently retracted position to a more distal orientation against the spring or biasing force. When the force imposed on the moveable needle assembly is terminated, the needle can assume its retracted proximal position.

[0073] According to some embodiments, the extent to which the needle assembly is moved distally can be precisely controlled. For example, the degree to which the needle assembly advances can depend on the spring force of a spring or other resilient member, the amount of force applied to the assembly 3370, etc. Such parameters can thus help control the depth of needle penetration into the skin by the needle assembly 3370. The needle penetration depth and the effect on the subject's skin tissue (e.g., the subject's scalp) can also be varied using other methods. For example, the device 3300 can provide the user with a variety of tip options, each option having a different maximum penetration distance (e.g., by varying the length, diameter, sharpness, and / or other characteristics of the needle 3372 included in the assembly 3370). In some embodiments, the user can manipulate the tip and / or needle assembly to vary the maximum needle penetration distance. For example, in some embodiments, the height of a lip or ridge can be adjusted. In other configurations, the user can change the orientation (e.g., depth) of the needle assembly within the handpiece to effectively increase or decrease the penetration depth.

[0074] In some embodiments, a user presses a button or operates one or more other controls or features (e.g., a switch, a foot pedal, etc.) to selectively deploy the needle assembly 3370 distally (e.g., toward the skin surface). For example, in a pneumatically controlled needle assembly configuration, a user can apply a force to the needle assembly by pressing a button to admit pressurized air to a corresponding conduit in the handpiece. This can move the needle assembly toward the skin. When sufficient force is applied to the needle assembly, the needle assembly can move (e.g., distally) sufficiently to engage and at least penetrate the adjacent skin surface of the subject.

[0075] In other embodiments, a mechanically generated force can be applied to the needle assembly 3370 by operating a button or other controller, moving the assembly distally against a spring or other resilient force. In still other configurations, the needle assembly is not resiliently biased (e.g., does not include a spring or other resilient member). For example, the movable assembly can be moved between proximal and distal positions using motors, gears, etc. Regardless of how the needle assembly approaches or moves away from the subject's skin surface, in some configurations, the assembly can be moved along several different proximal / distal positions. In some embodiments, the available positions can be distinct (e.g., positions only at a certain distance) or a continuum (e.g., positions along any position between the fully retracted and fully extended positions), as desired or needed.

[0076] In some embodiments, the movable needle assembly 3370 can be actuated (e.g., actuated to move distally to and through the skin surface) only when the treatment device 3300 is not being translated or moved relative to the subject's skin during use. This method of using these devices helps avoid undesirable injury to the subject. Using a needle to form a passageway within one or more layers of skin being treated can provide additional benefits to the subject. For example, serum and / or other fluids delivered and / or placed along the tip of the device can penetrate deeper into the subject's skin. Such benefits and advantages can be further enhanced by pulsing air into the skin tissue simultaneously with needle penetration.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 4C , the device 3300 can include additional ports 3302, 3304, 3306 for connection to a vacuum source (e.g., aspiration port), an air supply line (e.g., for selectively pneumatically actuating the movable needle assembly), and / or a pulsed air source (e.g., for providing pulsed air to the tip of the device). Such fluid sources can be separate from the treatment system or can be at least partially integrated into the system as desired or necessary. In some embodiments, the vacuum source, air supply, and pulsed air source are minimally in data communication with a control module or other control device so that a user of the device can advantageously adjust the suction level, needle assembly position, and / or pulse level during use. In some embodiments, a button or other controller associated with movement of the movable needle assembly can be coupled to or incorporated into the valve structure to adjust the delivery of air or other gas to the assembly.

[0078] According to some embodiments, the needle 3372 of the needle assembly 3370 can be solid or hollow. In some embodiments, the needle has a diameter of 0.001 to 0.050 inches (e.g., 0.010 inches, 0.001 to 0.005, 0.005 to 0.010, 0.010 to 0.020, 0.020 to 0.030, 0.030 to 0.040, 0.040 to 0.050 inches, diameters between the above ranges, etc.). In other embodiments, the needle has a diameter less than 0.001 inches or greater than 0.050 inches (e.g., 0.050 to 0.060, 0.060 to 0.070, 0.070 to 0.080, 0.080 to 0.090, 0.090 to 0.100 inches, diameters between the above ranges, diameters greater than 0.100 inches, etc.). In some embodiments, the needle length is 0.05 to 5 mm (e.g., 0.5 to 2.5, 0.05 to 0.1, 0.1 to 0.2, 0.2 to 0.3, 0.3 to 0.4, 0.4 to 0.5, 0.5 to 0.6, 0.6 to 0.7, 0.7 to 0.8, 0.8 to 0.9, 0.9 to 1.0, 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4, 4 to 5 mm, lengths between the above ranges, lengths greater than 5 mm, etc.).

[0079] In any of the embodiments disclosed herein incorporating a needle assembly specifically, or any needle penetration technology generally, the needles can be solid and / or hollow. In some embodiments, the needles can be configured to be selectively heated or cooled. For example, in one embodiment, the needles can be heated using resistive heating (e.g., via electrical energy, wireless energy, etc.), steam (e.g., thermal vapor) or similar techniques, thermoelectric elements, etc.

[0080] In any of the treatment embodiments disclosed herein, one or more pulse parameters can be varied to produce a desired effect on the subject's skin. For example, high and low pulse pressures can be adjusted, as described above. Additionally, in some embodiments, the duty cycle, frequency, air flow rate, and / or other characteristics can be varied as desired or necessary. For example, the duty cycle can be varied between 20-60% (e.g., 20-25, 25-30, 30-35, 35-40, 40-45, 45-50, 50-55, 55-60%, or any duty cycle between the above ranges). In other embodiments, the duty cycle of the pulsed air system is greater than 60% (e.g., 60-70, 70-80, 80-90, 90-95%, or any duty cycle between the above ranges, greater than 95%, etc.) or less than 20% (e.g., 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20%, or any duty cycle between the above ranges).

[0081] According to some embodiments, for any of the configurations disclosed herein, the frequency of the pulsed air can vary between 2 and 15 Hz (e.g., 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7, 7-8, 8-9, 9-10, 10-11, 11-12, 12-13, 13-14, 14-15 Hz, frequencies between the above ranges, etc.). However, in other embodiments, the frequency of the pulsed air can be less than 2 Hz (e.g., 0-0.5, 0.5-1, 1-1.5, 1.5-2 Hz, frequencies between the above ranges, etc.) or greater than 15 Hz (e.g., 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 30-40, 40-50 Hz, frequencies between the above ranges, frequencies greater than 50 Hz, etc.).

[0082] In other embodiments, air-based pressure or force along the distal end of the handpiece or other device can be applied to drive at least a portion of the treatment fluid or other material deeper into the skin surface. Continuous delivery, such as by air, a hammer or other mechanical impact device, can be used as desired or necessary to help achieve deeper injection of the fluid and / or other substance into the skin.

[0083] In some embodiments, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, pulsing (e.g., pneumatic, mechanical) along the distal end of a handpiece or other system can include alternating amounts of positive pressure (e.g., relative to atmospheric pressure). Alternatively, pulsing can include a first stage in which positive pressure is generated (e.g., by air delivery, such as by mechanical or pneumatic impulse) and a second stage in which negative pressure (or vacuum) is generated. Such first and second stages can alternate according to a desired or required frequency and may be user adjustable.

[0084] In other configurations, the handpiece or other treatment device or system is configured to simultaneously deliver both positive and negative pressure (vacuum) to the skin interface (effectively opposite to that described in the above embodiments). For example, in some embodiments, the distal end or tip of the handpiece assembly can be configured to separately create one or more positive pressure zones and one or more negative pressure (or vacuum) zones along the interface between the distal end or tip and the adjacent skin tissue of the subject being treated. Further details regarding these embodiments are disclosed in International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, and published September 25, 2014, as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Improved handpiece design

[0085] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the handpiece assembly 2010 can include a flexible engagement member or shroud 2020 disposed along the distal end of the handpiece assembly 2010. As shown in FIG. 5, the engagement member 2020 can be fixed or coupled to a tip 2016 configured to be removably secured to the distal end of the body portion 2012 of the assembly 2010. However, in other embodiments, the engagement member 2020 and / or the tip 2016 can be rigidly attached to the body portion 2012 of the handpiece assembly 2010. In still other configurations, the engagement member 2020 can be sized and shaped or adapted to be removably or fixedly coupled to the body portion 2010 (e.g., with or without a tip), as desired or required. In some embodiments, the body portion 2010, the tip 2016 and / or the engagement member 2020 can form a unitary or integral structure. For example, some or all of the various components of the handpiece assembly 2010 can be combined into a single component or structure.

[0086] Regardless of its exact structure and / or design, the engagement member or shroud 2020 can be configured to engage and at least temporarily seal a portion of the subject's skin. For example, in some embodiments, the engagement member 2020 can be configured to engage one or more contoured portions of the subject's scalp, face, or other skin surface to be treated. The engagement member 2020 can comprise one or more materials and / or features or configurations that facilitate contact and conformance of the distal end of the engagement member 2020 with the target skin surface. For example, the engagement member 2020 can include rubber (e.g., silicone rubber) and / or other elastomeric materials. As shown in FIG. 5 , the engagement member 2020 can include one or more bellows or other portions, features, components, and / or configurations adapted to facilitate deformation of the engagement member 2020 as desired or necessary to contact and engage the target skin surface of the subject (e.g., the subject's scalp, face, etc.).

[0087] Continuing with reference to FIG. 5, the engagement member 2020 can include one or more (e.g., three, four, five, six, or more, etc.) bellows or other foldable members 2028. As described herein, the bellows or other foldable members can be configured to accommodate a particular degree of irregularity along the distal end (e.g., along the end configured to contact and engage tissue of a subject, such as the scalp or face). However, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9, the engagement member 2120 does not include any bellows or other foldable members. Additionally, the engagement member or shroud 2020 can be configured to provide a desired level of rotation between adjacent body portions 2012 of the handpiece 2010 during use. In other words, in some configurations, during use of the handpiece assembly, the engaging member 2020 can be bent between 0 and 70 degrees (e.g., 0 to 10, 10 to 20, 20 to 30, 30 to 40, 40 to 50, 50 to 60, 60 to 70 degrees, angles between the above ranges, etc.) between the longitudinal axis of the body portion 12 and an axis perpendicular to the skin surface being treated (and thus the plane forming the distal end of the engaging member), depending on the length and flexibility of the engaging member 2020.

[0088] 6 and 7 illustrate an embodiment of a handpiece assembly including an engagement member or shroud 2020 in use. Specifically, these figures illustrate the engagement member 2020 during two different stages of operation for a handpiece assembly 2010 configured to deliver a pulsed flow of fluid (e.g., air) to a distal end and also to deliver a vacuum or suction force to the distal end. As shown in FIG. 6, the engagement member or shroud 2020 is in a normal state, with its bellows 2028 in an expanded configuration. In FIG. 7, the bellows 2028 compress or collapse against one another. As described herein, such collapse is due to vacuum force transferred to the interior space defined by the engagement member 2020 by a user pressing or urging the handpiece assembly 2010 toward a target skin surface S (e.g., a subject's scalp or face) and / or for some other reason. According to some embodiments, due to, for example, bellows and / or the use of flexible materials, etc., the engagement member or shroud 2020 can be configured to collapse to 20-80% (e.g., 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, 60-70, 70-80%, any percentage therebetween, etc.) of its normal expanded length during use, as desired or required.

[0089] According to some embodiments, the engaging member or shroud 2020 can be configured to attach to the tip of an existing hand piece. However, in other embodiments, the engaging member 2020 is configured to be provided with the tip or to be provided to the body portion of the hand piece assembly (e.g., such that the hand piece assembly and engaging member 2020 form a unitary or integral structure). Regardless of its exact configuration and incorporation into the hand piece assembly, the distal engaging member or shroud 2020 can advantageously compensate for and adapt to variations in the shape of a person's scalp (or other target skin surface, e.g., facial area) and the shape of the target skin surface of the individual being treated.

[0090] 5, the engaging member 2020 can be a separate component that is attached (e.g., fixedly or removably) to the tip 2016. However, in other configurations, the tip 2016 can be manufactured with the engaging member or shroud 2020 such that the tip 2016 is configured to form a unitary or integral structure with the engaging member 2020. The engaging member or shroud 2020 can be disposed on or secured to any tip disclosed herein, including the tips described and exemplified in the applications incorporated by reference herein. For example, the engaging member can be coupled to a tip that includes both a fluid delivery port and a suction port, a tip that includes one or more abrasive features (e.g., a spiral member, a post, etc.) or an abrasive surface, a tip that is configured to deliver air (e.g., in a pulsed or non-pulsed manner) to the skin surface being treated in addition to providing suction and fluid delivery to the skin surface, a tip with or without a needle, a tip that includes a treatment material (e.g., in a solid, semi-solid, gel, other non-liquid form, etc.) along the tip so that it is delivered along the interface between the skin and the tip or the treatment material is dissolved and released to the skin surface by water or other liquids present therein, and the like. The tips described in one or more of the following applications can be used with the locking member or shroud: U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 346,582, filed December 30, 2008, issued January 1, 2013 as U.S. Patent No. 8,343,116; U.S. Patent Application No. 11 / 392,348, filed March 29, 2006, issued November 1, 2011 as U.S. Patent No. 8,048,089; U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 832,663, filed July 8, 2010, issued August 26, 2014 as U.S. Patent No. 8,814,836; and International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, published September 25, 2014 as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104.

[0091] In embodiments in which the engaging member or shroud 2020 is secured (e.g., fixedly or removably) to the tip (directly to the body portion or other component of the handpiece assembly), the engaging member or shroud 2020 can be secured using one or more attachment methods or devices. For example, the engaging member 2020 can be secured to the tip, body portion, and / or any other portion or component of the handpiece assembly 2010 using a press-fit or friction-fit connection, adhesive, a threaded connection, one or more fasteners, welding, etc., as desired or required.

[0092] As mentioned above, the attachment can include one or more soft, flexible materials (e.g., silicone rubber, foam, latex, vinyl, other types of rubber and / or elastomeric materials, other flexible natural and / or synthetic materials) configured to conform to the scalp surface or other generally uneven or irregular skin surface to be treated (e.g., facial skin tissue, neck, arms, legs, etc.). In some embodiments, the distal end of the engagement member or shroud 2020 is configured to form a seal between its peripheral member or portion and the adjacent target skin surface during use.

[0093] 8 shows an internal view of an engagement member or shroud 2020 secured to the tip configured to provide suction and fluid delivery, as well as separate airflows (e.g., in a pulsed or non-pulsed manner) to the tip. For example, such tips are described in more detail in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2014 / 0343574 (see, e.g., FIGS. 4-5C) and International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104 (see, e.g., FIGS. 4-5C and 22A-23E), both of which are incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this application.

[0094] In embodiments such as that shown in FIG. 8 , the handpiece assembly provides fluid delivery (e.g., water, other serums, treatment materials, etc.) to the skin surface being treated, for example, via one or more passages internal and / or external to the body portion and / or any other components of the assembly, as desired or required. As described herein, the embodiment of FIG. 8 is configured to provide a separate air flow configured to provide a force (e.g., continuously or intermittently) to the skin surface being treated. In some embodiments, such a positive air pressure flow can encourage fluid delivered or deposited along the skin surface being treated to move deeper into the tissue. Such techniques that facilitate fluid delivery deeper into the skin tissue can expedite the skin treatment procedure and provide greater benefit to the treated subject.

[0095] In embodiments such as that shown in FIG. 8 , when a vacuum is formed along the distal end of the handpiece assembly (and thus, for example, at least partially within the engagement member or shroud 2020), the engagement member or shroud 2020 can be configured to maintain a seal with adjacent tissue at all times during use. For example, such a seal can be maintained despite the delivery of a fluid to the skin surface, the delivery of a separate airflow to the skin surface, the intermittent nature of the suction generated within the engagement member 2020, and / or any other factors or considerations. However, in other embodiments, the engagement member or shroud 2020 is configured to intermittently lose contact and lose a seal with the adjacent skin surface. Regardless of the actual manner in which the handpiece assembly, engagement member or shroud 2020 and / or other components or structures of the system are configured, the engagement member or shroud 2020 can be used to facilitate contact and maintenance of contact with a variety of skin surfaces (e.g., regardless of skin surface irregularities). In this regard, the engagement members 2020 can facilitate capturing and removing fluids from the skin surface being treated, thereby providing a cleaner, less messy treatment.

[0096] As noted above, the engagement member or shroud can also be shorter (e.g., including fewer bellows or other collapsible members than the embodiment of FIG. 5, or including no bellows or collapsible members). Such a configuration of an engagement member 2120 is shown in FIG. 9. In some embodiments, such an engagement member or shroud 2120 can be used when the target scalp or other skin surface is less irregular (e.g., the skin surface is flatter). In some embodiments, a user may prefer to use a shorter engagement member or shroud 120, such as that shown in FIG. 9, as desired or required, for example, to provide more direct control of the handpiece assembly relative to the skin surface, to reduce clearance between the tip and the skin surface, and / or for other reasons or purposes.

[0097] As described above, the engagement member or shroud can be used with any type of tip and / or in any type of skin treatment procedure. For example, a handpiece assembly can include an engagement member or shroud for use in a hair growth treatment. For example, the engagement member can facilitate delivery of a hair growth agent deeper into the scalp before, during, or after one or more other hair growth treatments or steps (e.g., hair follicle delivery, lancing, abrasion, etc.). For example, in some embodiments, the engagement member or shroud can be used to facilitate driving one or more treatment materials or other ingredients deeper into the scalp or other target surface. Such materials and / or other ingredients may include, but are not limited to, amino acids, antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, other hair growth stimulants, other natural or synthetic hair growth materials, skin tightening agents, platelet rich plasma (PRP), exfoliants, peptides, bleaching agents, anti-acne agents, human growth factors, cytokines, soluble collagen, antioxidants, matrix proteins, epicatechin, catechin and / or other phenols and / or other antioxidants, neurotoxins, serum, salicylic acid, other Anti-acne acids and anti-acne substances, microcapsules, capsules, other time-release products and substances, water (e.g., distilled water, tap water, filtered water, etc.), saline, other diluents, excipients or solubilizers, vitamins, chemical exfoliants, lotions, soothing agents, whitening or lightening agents, peptides, peeling agents, acids, anesthetics, pharmaceuticals, other inactive or active compounds, other fluids or substances, combinations or mixtures of the above, and / or any other substance from one or more internal / external fluid sources.

[0098] However, the handpiece assembly with the distal engaging member or shroud 2020, 2120 can be used for any other skin treatment procedure besides hair restoration purposes. For example, the handpiece assembly with the engaging member can be used for basic skin abrasion procedures (e.g., microdermabrasion with or without fluid delivery), acne, whitening, skin tightening, anti-aging, oily skin, lip treatment / plumping, damaged skin, blackhead / sebum removal or extraction, etc. Delivery of hair growth treatments using other processes or procedures

[0099] As described herein, delivery of hair growth agents to and within a subject's skin can be enhanced and / or supplemented by one or more additional steps or treatments, which may be performed or used before, during, and / or after delivery of fluids and / or other therapeutic materials to the target skin surface, as desired or necessary.

[0100] In some configurations, for example, therapeutic fluids and / or other therapeutic materials (e.g., amino acids, antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, other hair growth stimulants, other natural or synthetic materials, etc.) are delivered to the target skin surface where hair growth is desired before, during, and / or after skin ablation. In some configurations, the fluids and / or other materials are delivered to the skin via the handpiece assembly (e.g., with the aid of vacuum or suction to deliver one or more therapeutic fluids and / or other materials toward the tip or distal end of the handpiece assembly). The tip or distal end of the handpiece assembly can be configured to selectively abrade or ablate the skin. For example, one or more abrasive structures or features (e.g., helical members, posts, other protruding members, abrasive disks or surfaces, diamonds, etc.) can be disposed along the tip or another portion of the handpiece assembly. In some embodiments, such abrasive structures or features can selectively abrade or ablate the skin tissue while the handpiece assembly is moved relative to the target skin tissue. As noted above, abrasion or exfoliation can facilitate delivery of treatment fluids and / or other materials configured to promote hair growth deeper into the skin tissue, thereby improving the treatment procedure and increasing the likelihood that the treatment fluids and / or other materials will help achieve hair growth and / or other benefits related to hair health (e.g., stronger hair, improved hair follicle viability, etc.).

[0101] Further details regarding devices, systems, and methods for abrading and / or exfoliating the skin can be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12 / 346,582, filed December 30, 2008, and issued January 1, 2013, as U.S. Patent No. 8,343,116; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11 / 392,348, filed March 29, 2006, and issued November 1, 2011, as U.S. Patent No. 8,048,089; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 20 / 202,226, filed December 30, 2008, and issued January 1, 2013, as U.S. Patent No. 8,048,089. No. 12 / 832,663, filed July 8, 2010, and published August 26, 2014, as U.S. Patent No. 8,814,836, and International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, and published September 25, 2014, as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0102] Delivery of a hair growth agent to a target skin surface involving abrasion or abrasion can include a multi-step (e.g., two-step, three-step, four-step or more, etc.) process. For example, in some embodiments, the first step of the process involves abrading and / or abrading the skin tissue. During and / or after such abrasion and / or abrasion, one or more therapeutic fluids and / or other materials (e.g., amino acids, antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, other hair growth stimulants, other natural or synthetic materials, etc.) can be advantageously delivered to the tissue as described above. Such fluids and / or other materials can be configured to help promote skin growth.

[0103] According to some embodiments, one or more additional steps or treatments can be selectively performed subsequent to abrasion / exfoliation and delivery of treatment fluids / other materials. For example, one or more light treatments can be administered to the target skin tissue to further promote hair growth. Such light treatments can include, but are not necessarily limited to, delivery of red (e.g., infrared) light, ultraviolet light, and / or different frequencies and / or types of light, as desired or required. Delivery of light to the skin can benefit hair growth in one or more different ways. For example, light can be used to directly deliver treatment to the skin tissue. Alternatively, light can be used to activate or alter the function of materials delivered to the skin. An embodiment of a light-emitting wand that can be used in such treatments is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B.

[0104] In some embodiments, one or more forms of light can be applied to a subject's skin before, during, or after a hair growth or other skin treatment. The type, intensity, power, frequency, wavelength, exposure time, and / or other characteristics of the light can be varied as desired or necessary for a particular application or use. In some embodiments, one or more characteristics of the light source can be varied during and / or between treatments. In some embodiments, the light comprises one or more LEDs or other illumination sources, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. As with other modalities disclosed herein, the light can be integrated into or attached to the handpiece being used for microdermabrasion. However, in other embodiments, the light source is separate and distinct from the microdermabrasion handpiece assembly.

[0105] In some embodiments, two or more different types of light sources can be provided as options for the subject or a user administering treatment to the subject. For example, referring to FIGS. 10A and 10B, one light wand 402 is configured to emit blue light (e.g., light having a wavelength of approximately 475 nm), and another light wand 404 is configured to emit red light (e.g., light having a wavelength of approximately 650 nm). In some embodiments, the illumination of light in the "red" wavelength range (e.g., 780 nanometers (nm) to 622 nm) aids in hair stimulation and / or hair growth, with or without one or more other treatment steps (e.g., delivery of fluids and / or other therapeutic materials to and / or within the skin tissue, vacuum or positive air pressure, pulsing, lancing, massage, microdermabrasion, other mechanical or other types of vibration, heating / cooling, etc.). One or more wands or other light sources can be provided with other desired colors. Any other colors or lights can be emitted as desired or needed. For example, a single adjustable light stick may be selected to select the exact wavelength of light (in addition to or instead of selecting intensity, power and / or other properties).

[0106] One or more light sources can be incorporated, directly or indirectly, into any handpiece assembly disclosed herein that is configured to administer a hair growth treatment treatment. For example, an annular light can be positioned along or near (or partially embedded within) the lip of the distal tip of a handheld assembly (e.g., the same as or similar to those described herein with reference to Figures 5-9). In other embodiments, the light can be removably mounted along the exterior surface of the assembly.

[0107] In some embodiments, the use of light is configured to chemically or biochemically "activate" one or more therapeutic fluids and / or other substances after or during delivery to the subject's skin surface. Activating a particular substance can provide one or more therapeutic or beneficial results. In other embodiments, red light, blue light, and / or other light can be used to provide one or more direct benefits to targeted skin tissue. In some embodiments, for example, red light or blue light phototherapy can be used to complement hair growth promotion.

[0108] In some embodiments, light can be used to heat and / or at least partially alter or affect (e.g., at the cellular level) a subject's skin and adjacent tissue. For example, a heat-generating or heat-inducing light source can be directed at the skin for a specific period of time before, during, or after a skin treatment procedure (e.g., a hair growth treatment with or without microdermabrasion or skin vibration). Light sources can include light bulbs (e.g., incandescent, fluorescent, low-pressure sodium, high-intensity discharge, etc.), LEDs, lasers, etc. As described in more detail below, heating the skin can provide one or more benefits to the subject. For example, heating the skin tissue can open or widen the subject's pores (e.g., to allow serum and / or other therapeutic fluids or substances to penetrate deeper below the skin surface). Heating the skin can also increase blood circulation in adjacent blood vessels (e.g., to promote improved healing and recovery after a treatment procedure).

[0109] Further details regarding phototherapy are described in International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, and published September 25, 2014, as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0110] According to some embodiments, light therapy includes treatment with light configured to emit light in the wavelength range of 610-650 nanometers (nm), e.g., the "red" range (e.g., using a light therapy handpiece or other device or system). In other embodiments, light therapy includes treatment with light configured to emit light in the wavelength range of 800-1,050 nm, e.g., the infrared range. In other embodiments, light therapy includes treatment with light configured to emit light in the wavelength range of 410-425 nm, e.g., the "blue" range. In some embodiments, the power of light delivered to the skin tissue is within 1 cm, as desired or necessary. 2 40 to 120 joules / cm 2 (e.g., 40-50, 50-60, 60-70, 70-80, 80-90, 90-100, 100-110, 110-120 Joules / cm², power levels in between, 40 Joules / cm² 2 Levels below 120 joules / cm 2 (a level exceeding 100%).

[0111] In any light treatment embodiment, the light can be emitted using any light source or configuration, including, but not limited to, one or more LEDs. In some embodiments, emitted light can be selectively applied to the skin (at one or more frequencies, wavelengths, power levels, etc.) alone or in combination with one or more treatment steps to promote hair growth and / or hair stimulation. Light can also be used to assist the skin in one or more other ways, such as to aid in acne, anti-aging, wrinkles, etc.

[0112] If desired or necessary, a particular treatment procedure can incorporate one or more additional treatment steps and / or devices. For example, instead of or in addition to skin abrasion / peeling treatments and / or light treatments, one or more of other energy delivery (radiofrequency (RF) energy, microwave energy, ultrasound energy, lasers, iontophoresis, etc.), thermomodulation (e.g., cooling and / or heating of tissue before, during, and / or after one or more other treatment steps), mechanical vibration, massage, etc. can be used to further enhance the hair growth potential of a particular treatment procedure.

[0113] In some embodiments, heat transfer can be provided to a target scalp or other skin surface to enhance hair growth treatment. For example, as described above, selective light delivery can be used to facilitate providing heat to a target skin surface. Heat transfer can include heating or cooling, depending on the desired therapeutic effect, treatment protocol, etc. With reference to Figures 11A and 11B, separate handheld device embodiments configured to heat or cool a target skin surface are described below.

[0114] In some configurations, exposing the skin to high and / or low temperatures can assist in various aspects related to hair growth and / or other skin treatment techniques and procedures. For example, as described herein, heating the skin can open the pores in the skin, thereby improving the entry and movement of serums, other treatment fluids, or materials into the skin. Additionally, cooling the skin can at least partially close the pores, allowing treatment fluids and / or other materials that previously entered the pores to remain within the skin for a longer period of time.

[0115] In some embodiments, one or more devices (e.g., handheld devices) can be used to conductively cool and / or heat the skin before, during, and / or after a skin treatment treatment (e.g., a hair growth promotion treatment). One embodiment of such a heating and cooling system is shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. As shown, the system can include a thermal docking station 510. In some embodiments, the docking station 510 includes one or more holes, ports, or openings 514, 518 for receiving and thermally recharging a thermally regulating handheld assembly 600.

[0116] 11A and 11B, the thermal recharging station 510 can be in thermal communication with one or more heating and / or cooling elements (not shown). In some embodiments, one or more thermoelectric elements (e.g., Peltier elements) are disposed along and / or within the exterior and / or interior walls of the station 510. However, any other type of heating and / or cooling element can be used. In some embodiments, thermal regulating elements are disposed along the exterior surfaces of the docking station walls (e.g., as schematically represented by circles 530, 532 in FIG. 11A). Regardless of the quantity, type, location, spacing, orientation, and / or configuration of the thermal regulating elements, the elements can be adapted to conductively heat or cool the adjacent portions of the station 510, including the holes 514, 518 that receive the thermal handpiece assembly 600.

[0117] In some embodiments, the station includes one or more thermally conductive materials, such as aluminum, copper, other metals, or alloys. As shown in FIG. 11B , one or more of the holes 514, 518 can include pins, rods, or other protruding members 516, 520. As described in more detail below, the thermal regulating handheld assembly 600 can include a central opening. In some embodiments, the assembly 600 is generally hollow along its centerline. Thus, when placed within the holes 514, 518 of the station 510, the assembly 600 can conveniently rest or rest on the pins 516, 520. Thus, as shown in FIG. 11A , the pins 516, 520 can reliably maintain the thermal handheld assembly in a generally vertical orientation when the assembly is placed within the station 510 for thermal recharging.

[0118] Activation of the thermoelectric elements and / or other heating and / or cooling elements of a station can heat or cool the holes in the station according to the desired thermal regulation effect of station 510. In some embodiments, when a thermoelectric element is used to heat or cool station 510, additional stations (not shown) can be placed on the opposite side of the thermoelectric element so that the additional stations also receive heating or cooling (e.g., an opposite thermal effect of the primary station).

[0119] Assembly 600 can include an inner core and an outer housing or shell. In some embodiments, the inner core includes copper, aluminum, and / or any other highly heat-conductive material (e.g., beryllium, other metals or alloys, etc.). In some embodiments, the copper and / or other material can be coated (e.g., plated) with one or more layers of nickel, chromium, etc. The outer housing can include ABS, nylon, and / or any other plastic or other material with a relatively low thermal conductivity (e.g., so that a user holding and handling assembly 600 does not experience an excessively or uncomfortably hot or cold temperature).

[0120] According to some embodiments, the thermal handheld assembly 600 includes an internal lumen or opening extending completely or partially therethrough. If the assembly 600 is configured for suction, the proximal end of the assembly can be placed in fluid communication with a vacuum conduit. In such a configuration, the conduit is placed in fluid communication with a vacuum or negative pressure source. However, in some embodiments, the heating or cooling system is configured to be used without suction.

[0121] The handheld assembly 600 can include a distal head. In the illustrated embodiment, the head includes a circular or rounded outer shape with a generally smooth surface. In some embodiments, the head includes one or more openings that are in fluid communication with an internal lumen or passageway of the assembly 600. In some embodiments, the head forms a unitary structure with the core of the assembly 600 and is part of the assembly. As such, the head advantageously includes one or more highly heat-conductive materials (e.g., copper) that can be heated or cooled relatively quickly when placed within the bore of the station 510.

[0122] Regardless of its exact shape, size, configuration, and / or other characteristics, the thermal handheld assembly 600 can be used to selectively heat or cool a subject's skin surface. As described above, in one embodiment, the surface to be treated (e.g., the scalp, other skin surface where hair growth is desired, etc.) can be first heated to open skin pores and / or provide one or more other benefits. With or without skin abrasion, the fluid delivery process can be performed with the pores open. This allows any hair growth serum, other treatment fluids, and / or other substances delivered to the working end of the skin treatment device (e.g., along the pre-heated skin surface) to pass deeper and / or more easily through the open skin pores. Following a treatment protocol (e.g., fluid delivery only, fluid delivery with microdermabrasion, etc.), the user can use the cooling regulation assembly 600 to cool the treated skin surface. Cooling the skin surface at least partially closes the skin pores, thereby trapping potentially beneficial serum and / or other ingredients within the skin. Such treatment methods may provide for faster recovery times, fewer complications, and / or one or more other benefits or advantages.

[0123] According to some embodiments, the degree of heating or cooling of thermal assembly 600 can be adjusted and controlled (e.g., by changing the duty cycle of a thermoelectric element or any other heating or cooling element that thermally regulates station 510). In some embodiments, a thermostat and / or other temperature detection is used to ensure that the operating temperature of station 510 and the handheld assembly it is configured to heat does not become dangerously or uncomfortably extreme.

[0124] In other embodiments, the skin surface can be heated or cooled using any other method or device. For example, the skin can be heated using any of the energies described herein or other modalities (e.g., RF, ultrasound, microwaves, etc.). In one embodiment, liquids, serums, and / or other treatment fluids delivered to the tip of the microdermabrasion device (e.g., from a vial or cartridge, a bottle in a manifold or tower system, etc.) can be heated or cooled before reaching the skin surface. Therefore, one or more heating or cooling elements can be incorporated into the microdermabrasion handheld device or the fluid system coupled to the handheld device. Rollerball / Porous Assemblies for Fluid / Therapeutic Material Delivery

[0125] In some embodiments, the various treatment devices, systems, and / or methods disclosed herein can be used in conjunction with alternative handheld assemblies and / or other devices or systems to facilitate delivery of hair growth fluids and / or other materials to a target skin site (e.g., a subject's scalp surface). Examples of such devices and systems are described below with reference to Figures 12A-15.

[0126] One embodiment of an assembly 900 including a roller ball and configured for use in hair restoration treatment is shown in Figures 12A and 12B. The illustrated assembly 900 includes a handpiece and tip integrated into a single, unitary or integral structure 910. In some embodiments, such a combined handpiece and tip can be configured to be disposable so that they can be replaced between uses. According to some embodiments, the assembly 900 includes a cartridge or other fluid source 940 configured to be secured to the combined handpiece / tip 910.

[0127] 12B , the distal end 942 of the cartridge 940 can include a roller ball 944 that is routed through the interior of the combined handpiece / tip 910 when the cartridge 940 is deployed. In some embodiments, the roller ball 944 arrives at or near the distal end of the combined handpiece / tip 910 when the assembly 900 is ready for use. This allows the roller ball to at least partially contact and rotate with the skin surface to be treated while the assembly 900 is moved against the skin surface (e.g., the scalp) of a subject. The rotation of the roller ball 944 can facilitate the transfer of fluid and / or other contents of the cartridge 940 to the distal end of the combined handpiece / tip 910 and, therefore, the skin surface.

[0128] 12A and 12B, the proximal end 945 of the cartridge 940 can include a closure member 946 that hermetically surrounds the interior of the cartridge 940. Thus, in some embodiments, the interior of the cartridge 940 can be opened, refilled, and closed. However, in other configurations, the cartridge 940 is configured to remain sealed at all times. Thus, in such configurations, the cartridge can be disposed of after use. The above disclosure regarding openable cartridges and cartridges configured to maintain a seal can be applied to any of the assembly configurations disclosed herein or variations thereof.

[0129] In some embodiments, the cartridges 940 included in the assembly 900 of FIGS. 12A and 12B can be reused during a series of treatments (e.g., hair growth treatments). For example, once a subject completes a particular treatment session, the subject may be permitted to take home any one or more cartridges they used (to the extent that two or more different serums or other treatment materials have been used). Thus, the subject may bring unused cartridges to their next treatment session, thereby eliminating waste and reducing overall treatment costs. In some embodiments, the subject may be instructed to apply one or more of the serums and / or other materials contained in the corresponding unused cartridges 940 to their scalp or other skin between office visits. Accordingly, a cap 950 may be used to protect the distal end 942 of the cartridge between uses to prevent contamination of the cartridge and its contents, prevent evaporation, leakage, or other loss of the cartridge contents, protect the cartridge (e.g., rollerball 944 located along the distal end of the cartridge), and / or provide one or more additional benefits or advantages. The roller ball 944 can facilitate application of the fluid to the scalp or other skin surface of a subject in whom hair growth is desired between office visits. For example, the roller ball can be used to advantageously transport fluid from within the cartridge 940 to the subject's skin surface without the use of suction or a handpiece. Thus, such embodiments can advantageously increase the overall effectiveness of hair growth and / or other skin treatment procedures.

[0130] In some embodiments, during a treatment procedure, for example, two or more primary hair growth serums or hair growth materials can be used. Thus, during the first visit to the specialist, the subject undergoes a two-step treatment procedure in which a first formulation is first applied to the subject's skin surface (e.g., with or without vacuum application). As a next step, a second serum or other fluid or material is applied to the skin. In some embodiments, the user is then provided with a cartridge or other fluid container as described herein. Such a cartridge can be advantageously returned to the specialist for performing subsequent procedures during subsequent visits. Further, the subject may be instructed to periodically apply one or more of these serums or fluids to their skin during the visit, according to a particular protocol, as desired or necessary.

[0131] As described herein, the integrated handpiece / chip 910 included in the assemblies of FIGS. 12A and 12B can be disposable during use or a series of procedures. Thus, by utilizing such disposable parts, the possibility of contamination transfer between subjects and / or between procedures can be reduced, thereby improving the overall hygiene and safety of the skin treatment procedure.

[0132] Continuing to refer to FIGS. 12A and 12B, the integrated handpiece / chip 910 can include a configured suction port or conduit 918 that is arranged in fluid communication with a vacuum source. In the illustrated embodiment, the suction port 918 extends (e.g., at an angle) along the outside of the handpiece / chip component 910. However, in other configurations, the suction port or conduit 918 can extend at least partially or completely within the assembly 900, as desired or necessary. In yet other embodiments, the assembly 900 is not configured to be arranged in fluid communication with a suction source or vacuum source. Thus, in such a configuration, the assembly need not have a suction port or vacuum port, passageways, conduits, and / or other related components or structures.

[0133] In any of the embodiments disclosed herein, the roller ball or similar structure along the distal end of the cartridge, handpiece, and / or tip may also be replaced with one or more other structures that facilitate selective delivery of fluid to the skin surface being treated (e.g., from a reservoir in a cartridge or other container placed in fluid communication with the system). For example, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 13, the roller ball may be replaced with a wick or other fluidly porous member 1044 along its distal end.

[0134] Referring to FIG. 13 , the distal end 1042 of the cartridge 1040 can include a wick member 1044. In some embodiments, the roller ball 944 reaches at or near the distal end of the combined handpiece / tip when the assembly is ready for use. This allows the wick member 1044 to at least partially contact the skin surface to be treated and deliver fluid from the fluid reservoir of the cartridge or other container 1040 to the skin surface during movement of the assembly relative to the subject's skin surface (e.g., the scalp or other skin area where hair growth is desired). The wick member 1044 can include one or more porous materials or other materials or members, such as foam, porous stone, sponge, or other members, including one or more porous features, porous structures, or open or semi-open structures. In some embodiments, the wick member 1044 can be saturated with a particular fluid contained within the reservoir of the cartridge or other container member. Thus, the wick member 1044 can maintain a required moisture level and selectively deliver fluid to the skin surface to be treated, even when the fluid level in the cartridge or other container 1040 is relatively low.

[0135] Continuing with reference to FIG. 13, the core member 1044 can comprise one or more foams, thermoplastics, and / or other materials. The cross-sectional size of the core member can be between ¼ inch and 2 inches. In some embodiments, the core member 1044 extends at least partially into the interior reservoir of the cartridge or other container. The core member 1044 can include any cross-sectional shape as desired or required, such as, for example, a circle, an oval, a square or other rectangle, other polygons (e.g., triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, decagonal, etc.), irregular shapes, etc.

[0136] FIG. 14 schematically illustrates a skin treatment system 1000 similar to the system illustrated in FIG. 13. As illustrated, the system 1000 may include a cartridge or other container 1040 that includes a wick or other porous structure 1044 along a distal end of the system. The wick or other porous structure may include one or more materials configured to at least partially absorb, adsorb, and / or retain a quantity of liquid or other material. As described herein, according to some embodiments, such a wick structure 1044 may be used to keep the distal end of the cartridge 1040 at least partially moist during a particular treatment (e.g., a hair growth treatment) for delivering fluid and / or other material to a subject's scalp and / or other skin surface.

[0137] According to some embodiments, the wick or other porous structure 1044 incorporated into any of the embodiments herein (e.g., the distal end of a cartridge or other container, a handpiece, a tip, etc.) can be used for one or more purposes. For example, in some embodiments, the wick material can be used to perform one or more of the following functions: (i) the ability to store one or more materials within a portion of the skin treatment assembly (e.g., along the distal end of the cartridge, along the tip of the assembly, along the handpiece, etc.); (ii) acting as a filter (e.g., for waste debris from the treated skin surface); (iii) functionality for delivering fluids and / or other materials to the skin surface to be treated, etc. For example, in one embodiment, the wick or other porous material 1044 can contain a therapeutic material (e.g., a liquid, gel, powder, etc.). Water or another diluent can then be delivered to or near the wick or porous member 1040 to selectively release the material stored within the wick or other porous member.

[0138] According to some embodiments, as shown schematically in FIG. 15 , a roller ball or other movable member 1146 can be positioned along the distal end of a wick or other porous member or structure 1144. In such a system 1100, the wick member 1144 and roller ball 1146 can be positioned along the cartridge. Alternatively, as with other configurations disclosed herein, the wick member 1144 and / or roller ball 1146 (or a combination thereof) can be positioned in the handpiece, the tip of the skin treatment assembly, and / or any other location. In such embodiments, the roller ball 1146 can rely on the wick member or structure to maintain fluid communication with the fluid contained within the cartridge or other container. In other words, the proximal end of the roller ball can advantageously remain moistened with the wick material.

[0139] Further details regarding the use of roller balls, wicking members and / or other porous structures to deliver therapeutic fluids and / or other materials to a subject's scalp or other target skin surface are described in International Patent Application No. PCT / US2015 / 067531, filed December 22, 2015, and published June 30, 2016 as International Publication No. WO2016 / 067531, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Implants / Transplants

[0140] In some embodiments, the various treatment devices, systems, and / or methods disclosed herein can be used in conjunction with hair transplants to further enhance hair growth or hair-assisted treatments. For example, delivery of specific fluids and / or other materials to the target skin surface, use of abrasive or abrasive processes, delivery of light (e.g., infrared light, ultraviolet light, etc.), use of lasers, use of other energy modalities, etc., can be used to supplement hair transplant or hair transplant procedures. The various techniques described (or referenced) herein, or variations thereof, can be used to further improve the likelihood of success of a hair transplant or hair transplant procedure. For example, selective delivery of growth factors can enhance the health and viability of adjacent or surrounding hair transplants (e.g., particularly in terms of the ability to drive or push such growth factors into portions of the target tissue). Massage / Other Tip Details

[0141] In some embodiments, a target skin surface (e.g., the scalp, other skin area where hair growth is desired, etc.) can be massaged or treated in conjunction with a hair growth treatment or protocol. For example, in some configurations, the scalp or other target skin surface is massaged before and / or during delivery of one or more fluids, medications, and / or other materials. Massage and / or other vibration of a subject's scalp or other target skin tissue can be achieved manually and / or using a device or system. For example, in some embodiments, massaging of skin tissue can be achieved using a handpiece assembly (e.g., similar to any of the assemblies disclosed herein, such as those shown in FIGS. 1-15). In some embodiments, a massaging tip (e.g., a tip detachably or permanently attached to the distal end or tip of the handpiece assembly) can be used to create the desired or required massaging or vibrational motion. For example, the tip can include one or more ripples or other features (e.g., indentations, protrusions, etc.) that can massage adjacent skin tissue when moved against the skin tissue. Such massaging motion can be achieved in conjunction with or instead of abrasion, as desired or required. In some embodiments, massaging skin tissue can provide one or more therapeutic benefits related to hair growth. Massage can help stimulate specific anatomical responses that can support hair growth. In some configurations, massage can help drive or move any therapeutic fluids or other materials deeper into the scalp or other target tissue.

[0142] In other embodiments, the tip or other distal portion of a handpiece assembly used in a hair growth treatment can include one or more desired materials on or within its structure. As described in more detail herein, one or more materials can be strategically embedded, impregnated, disposed, stored, and / or deployed on one or more surfaces or regions of the tip or other portion or component of the skin treatment system. Such materials can include solids, semi-solids, other dry substances, gels, concentrated solutions, and the like. For example, such materials can be provided in bulk (e.g., on the tip, within a recess or other portion of the tip, or within a cartridge or other container, or adhered to one or more surfaces, etc.), as tablets, capsules, pills, disks, or other dissolvable solids contained within a foam pad or other sponge-like material, etc. Thus, in certain configurations, water (e.g., distilled water, tap water, filtered water, etc.), saline, other diluents, and / or other fluids delivered to the tip can selectively dissolve, liquefy, melt, soften, dilute, or prepare materials embedded in, impregnated with, and / or disposed on the tip within a cartridge or other container and / or on or within another portion or component of a skin treatment system (e.g., a handpiece assembly, a fluid line upstream of the handpiece assembly, etc.), thereby advantageously delivering any desired hair growth material or formulation to the skin surface being treated as desired or needed.Such materials may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following materials: growth factors (e.g., human-derived growth factors, non-human-derived growth factors, growth factors chemically altered with liposomes ("couriers"), etc.), amino acids (e.g., leucine, isoleucine, valine, etc.), antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, finasteride, dutasteride, ketoconazole, spironolactone, flutamide, catechin, epicatechin, other phytochemicals, carnitine, Rejuvaplex, copper peptides, other hair growth stimulants, other pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical products, botanical-derived products, cleansing or pre-cleansing shampoos, other cleansing or pre-cleansing solutions (e.g., salicylic acid, GlySal™ (a glycolic and salicylic acid mixture), other acids, etc.), and other natural and synthetic materials.

[0143] According to some embodiments, one or more therapeutic materials can be applied to a target skin tissue (e.g., scalp) by gently tapping (e.g., manually) the skin tissue with one or more therapeutic materials. This tapping action can be achieved by contacting and / or moving a tip or other outlet of a fluid container (e.g., a bottle, vial, etc.) against the target tissue. In other embodiments, an applicator (e.g., a cotton swab, cloth, other porous or absorbent member, etc.) can be used to deliver fluid to the skin tissue, as desired or necessary. Any other device or method can also be used to deliver fluid and / or other therapeutic materials to the skin surface, including, but not limited to, a spray, mist, brush, roller, other dispenser, etc. puncture

[0144] In some embodiments, needles may be used to facilitate the passage of one or more therapeutic fluids and / or other materials deeper into the skin tissue. For example, needles can be used to create passages within the target skin tissue to deliver growth factors and / or other liquids or materials deeper into the skin. In this regard, such configurations can also assist in facilitating the passage of therapeutic fluids and / or other materials near any hair follicles (including, for example, any hair follicles resulting from a hair transplant or grafting procedure). The use of piercing or similar procedures to assist the passage of fluids and / or other materials into the skin can be used alone or in conjunction with one or more techniques (e.g., abrasion, abrasion, energy delivery, laser, light therapy, pulsation, other mechanical vibrations, thermal therapy, etc.), as desired or necessary. For example, piercing can include the use of a reciprocating needle assembly the same as or similar to that described herein with reference to FIGS. 4A-4E. Further details regarding puncturing are described in International Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 024992, filed March 12, 2014, and published September 25, 2014 as International Publication No. WO2014 / 151104, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0145] With respect to piercing embodiments, the piercing step can be used before and / or after the delivery of growth factors and / or other fluids or materials configured to promote hair growth or hair stability. In some embodiments, the needle or other member used to at least partially penetrate the skin can be coated and / or configured to contain one or more therapeutic fluids and / or other materials (e.g., growth factors). Such coated needles can be solid or hollow, as desired or required for a particular application or use. For example, such factors and / or other materials can be disposed along one or more surfaces (e.g., exposed surfaces) of the needle. In other embodiments, various therapeutic materials can be disposed along an internal cavity of a corresponding handpiece assembly or other device or system (e.g., the interior of the needle, other recesses along or near the needle, etc.). In some embodiments, such materials can be provided on or near the needle in solid, semi-solid, gel, granular, and / or other non-liquid forms. In such configurations, various materials disposed on, near, and / or along the needle or similar member can be configured to at least partially dissolve for release to the target skin surface. This embodiment may be used to further enhance the delivery of growth factors and / or other materials into deeper skin tissue, helping to promote hair growth and / or hair strength.

[0146] In other embodiments, the needle is at least partially hollow to allow for the delivery of fluids and / or other therapeutic materials (e.g., growth factors). Such a configuration can be used to assist in the efficient and selective delivery of precise amounts of growth factors and / or other materials to and within the target skin tissue. For example, in some configurations, the hollow portion of the needle is in fluid communication with a reservoir, allowing a user to deliver one or more fluids and / or other materials at a desired flow rate according to a particular application, protocol, or treatment procedure.

[0147] In any of the needle embodiments described herein or alternatives thereof, the needles used as part of a therapeutic procedure may be coated with one or more therapeutic materials. As discussed above, the therapeutic materials may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following materials: growth factors (e.g., human-derived growth factors, non-human-derived growth factors, growth factors chemically altered with liposomes ("couriers"), etc.), amino acids (e.g., leucine, isoleucine, valine, etc.), antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, finasteride, dutasteride, ketoconazole, spironolactone, flutamide, catechin, epicatechin, other phytochemicals, carnitine, Rejuvaplex, copper peptides, other hair growth stimulants, other pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical products, botanical-derived products, cleansing or pre-cleansing shampoos, other cleansing or pre-cleansing solutions (e.g., salicylic acid, GlySal™ (a glycolic and salicylic acid mixture), other acids, etc.), and other natural and synthetic materials. Such therapeutic materials can be coated or deposited (e.g., completely or at least partially) on needles, etc. In some embodiments, such materials can be provided as a gel, solid, semi-solid, and / or other form that can be dissolved or released in the presence of water, saline, and / or another liquid. Massage / wave embodiment for enhanced infusion

[0148] In some embodiments, the tip or other distal portion of a treatment device or system (e.g., a handpiece assembly or one secured to or near the distal end of the handpiece assembly) is configured to massage or manipulate skin tissue with which it contacts, without necessarily abrading the skin tissue. For example, in some embodiments, the tip or other distal portion of the handpiece assembly can include one or more non-linear or wavy portions and / or structures configured to impart mechanical vibrations (e.g., with or without abrasion or abrasion) upon movement of the handpiece assembly or other device or system relative to the skin surface. In some embodiments, the structure or structures and / or other configurations that induce such massage or pressure can help open pores or otherwise facilitate penetration of the delivered treatment material deeper into the skin. This can improve the treatment procedure by "driving" or moving the treatment material deeper into the skin tissue (e.g., closer to hair roots and deeper in the skin tissue) to further promote hair growth / stimulation, scalp or skin health, etc. Scalp Health / Other Indications

[0149] In some embodiments, the same or similar treatments as those described herein, or equivalent treatments, can be used to treat other skin or hair diseases or conditions. For example, in some embodiments, such treatments can be used to improve the health of a subject's scalp or other skin surface, to help treat or improve a subject's condition related to dandruff, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, etc.

[0150] To aid in the description of the disclosed embodiments, the terms upper, top, bottom, lower, underneath, rear, front, vertical, horizontal, upstream, and downstream have been used above to describe various embodiments and / or the accompanying drawings. However, it will be understood that the various embodiments, whether illustrated or not, can be positioned and oriented in various locations as desired.

[0151] While several embodiments and examples have been disclosed herein, the present application extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and / or uses of the invention, as well as modifications and equivalents thereof. It is also contemplated that various combinations or subcombinations of the specific features and aspects of the embodiments may be made and still fall within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, it should be understood that various features and aspects of the disclosed embodiments can be combined with or substituted for one another in order to modify aspects of the disclosed invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the scope of the invention disclosed herein should not be limited by the specific embodiments described above, but should be determined only by a fair reading of the following claims.

[0152] While the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific examples thereof have been shown in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular forms or methods disclosed; rather, the invention covers all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the various described embodiments and the appended claims. Any methods disclosed herein need not be performed in the order listed. While the methods summarized above and described in more detail below describe certain actions taken by a practitioner, it should be understood that they may also include direction of actions by another party. While the methods summarized above and described in more detail below describe certain actions taken by a user (e.g., a professional in some cases), it should be understood that they may also include direction of actions by another party. Thus, acts such as "moving the handpiece" or "delivering fluid" include the acts "instructing the handpiece to move" and "instructing the fluid to be delivered." Ranges disclosed herein also include any and all overlapping ranges, subranges, and combinations thereof. Words such as "up to," "at least," "greater than," "less than," and "between" include the recited numbers. Numbers followed by terms such as "about" or "approximately" include the recited numbers. For example, "about 10 mm" includes "10 mm." Terms or phrases followed by terms such as "substantially" include the recited terms or phrases. For example, "substantially parallel" includes "parallel."

Claims

1. 1. A system for treating a skin surface of a subject, comprising: a handpiece assembly including a body portion and a tip disposed along a distal end of the body portion, the tip including a peripheral lip or member configured to contact a skin surface of the subject; at least one suction conduit disposed within the handpiece assembly, the at least one suction conduit configured to provide a vacuum or suction along the tip to cause at least partial compression of at least one foldable member of the tip and maintain contact between the tip and the skin surface while the tip is moved relative to the skin surface during use; at least one therapeutic material conduit disposed within the handpiece assembly, the at least one therapeutic material conduit configured to fluidly connect the tip to a therapeutic material source; applying the vacuum or suction transports treatment material from the treatment material source to the tip and to the subject's skin surface via the at least one treatment material conduit when the peripheral lip or peripheral member contacts the subject's skin surface; the tip further comprises at least one abrasive structure or surface disposed within an area defined by the peripheral lip or peripheral member and configured to at least partially abrade or abrade the subject's skin surface when the tip is moved relative to the skin surface during use; a distal end of the peripheral lip or peripheral member including the at least one foldable member configured to at least partially compress from a normally expanded configuration toward a proximal end of the peripheral lip or peripheral member upon engagement with the skin surface, the at least one abrasive structure or abrasive surface contacting the skin surface upon compression of the foldable member; the peripheral lip or member is configured to conform to the skin surface being treated when the handpiece assembly is moved relative to the skin surface; The system is configured to maintain a flow of the at least one treatment material to the skin surface by providing a vacuum or suction along the tip via the at least one suction conduit while the skin surface is being abraded or abraded by the at least one abrasive structure or abrasive surface.

2. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the tip further comprises a plurality of ripples configured to contact and massage the subject's skin surface when the tip is moved relative to the skin surface, wherein massaging the skin surface by the plurality of ripples is configured to move the treatment material deeper into the subject's skin surface.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the undulations comprise protrusions.

4. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the vacuum or suction is applied continuously or intermittently.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the vacuum or suction is applied intermittently using a pulsed device.

6. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the pulsing device is configured to alternately generate a first pressure and a second pressure along a skin surface of the subject, the first pressure being greater than the second pressure, and the second pressure being a vacuum or suction.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the first pressure is a positive pressure.

8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the first pressure is a vacuum or suction.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the chip is detachable from the body portion.

10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a vacuum or suction source, wherein at least one suction conduit is in fluid communication with the vacuum or suction source.

11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the source of therapeutic material comprises a cartridge configured to be secured to the handpiece assembly.

12. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the source of therapeutic material comprises a container configured to be secured to a manifold system, the manifold system configured to be in fluid communication with the handpiece assembly.

13. 13. The system of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the source of therapeutic material comprises at least one therapeutic material, the at least one therapeutic material comprising one or more of growth factors, amino acids, antioxidants, minoxidil, other antihypertensive vasodilators, finasteride, dutasteride, ketoconazole, spironolactone, flutamide, catechin, epicatechin, other phytochemicals, carnitine, rejuvaplex, copper peptides, other hair growth stimulants, other pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical products, botanical-derived products, cleansing solutions, and other natural and synthetic materials.

14. 14. The system of any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising a roller ball extending to or near a distal end of the tip, the roller ball configured to rotate in at least partial contact with the skin surface to be treated, wherein rotation of the roller ball relative to the skin surface transports the treatment material from the treatment material source to the skin surface.

15. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the peripheral lip or member is configured to deform during use to engage a target surface on the subject's skin surface.

16. 1. A system for treating a skin surface of a subject, comprising: a handpiece including a body portion and a tip disposed along a distal end of the body portion, the tip including a peripheral lip or member configured to contact a skin surface of the subject; at least one suction conduit disposed within the handpiece, the at least one suction conduit configured to provide a vacuum or suction along the tip to cause at least partial compression of at least one foldable member of the tip while the tip is moved relative to the skin surface during use, maintaining contact between the tip and the skin surface and drawing treatment material to the skin surface; the tip further comprises at least one abrasive structure or surface within an area defined by the peripheral lip or peripheral member, the at least one abrasive structure or surface configured to at least partially abrade or abrade the subject's skin surface when the tip is moved relative to the skin surface during use; a distal end of the peripheral lip or peripheral member including the at least one foldable member configured to at least partially compress from a normally expanded configuration toward a proximal end of the peripheral lip or peripheral member upon engagement with the skin surface, the at least one abrasive structure or abrasive surface contacting the skin surface upon compression of the foldable member; The system, wherein the peripheral lip or peripheral member is configured to maintain contact with the subject's skin surface during use while the skin surface is being abraded or abraded by the at least one abrasive structure or abrasive surface.

17. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the tip comprises a plurality of ripples configured to contact and massage the subject's skin surface when the tip is moved relative to the skin surface.

18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the undulations comprise protrusions.

19. 19. The system of any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the vacuum or suction is applied continuously or intermittently.

20. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the vacuum or suction is applied intermittently using a pulsed device.

21. 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the pulsing device is configured to alternately generate a first pressure and a second pressure along a skin surface of the subject, the first pressure being greater than the second pressure, and the second pressure being a vacuum or suction.

22. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein the first pressure is a positive pressure.

23. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein the first pressure is a vacuum or suction.

24. 24. The system of any one of claims 16 to 23, wherein the tip is removable from the body portion.

25. 25. The system of any one of claims 16 to 24, further comprising a vacuum or suction source, wherein at least one suction conduit is in fluid communication with the vacuum or suction source.

26. 26. The system of any one of claims 17 to 25, wherein massaging the skin surface with the plurality of ripples promotes the movement of treatment material delivered to the skin surface deeper into the subject's skin surface.

27. 27. The system of any one of claims 16 to 26, wherein the peripheral lip or member comprises a flexible member configured to facilitate contact with a contoured portion of the subject's skin surface.

28. 28. The system of any one of claims 16 to 27, wherein the peripheral lip or member is configured to deform during use to engage a target surface on the subject's skin surface.

29. 29. The system of any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the skin surface comprises the scalp.

30. 30. The system of any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the skin surface comprises an area of ​​skin where hair is present or desired.

31. 29. The system of claim 1, wherein the skin surface comprises a contoured portion of the subject's skin surface.

32. 29. The system of any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the skin surface comprises skin on the subject's face, neck, arms, or legs.

33. 33. The system of any one of claims 1 to 32, wherein the peripheral lip or member comprises at least one of a rubber and an elastomeric material.

34. 34. The system of any one of claims 1-33, wherein the at least one abrasive structure or surface comprises at least one of a helical member, a post, a protruding member, an abrasive disc, an abrasive surface, and a diamond.

35. 1. A system for treating a skin surface of a subject, comprising: a tip and a handpiece configured to secure the tip to a distal end thereof; The chip is an engagement member coupled to a body portion, the engagement member configured to contact a skin surface and including one or more foldable members at a distal end thereof configured to at least partially compress to maintain contact between the tip and the skin surface while the tip is moved relative to the skin surface during use; at least one abrasive structure or surface coupled to the body portion and disposed within an area defined by the engaging members, the at least one abrasive structure or surface configured to at least partially abrade or abrade the skin surface when the tip is moved relative to the skin surface during use, and configured such that the at least one abrasive structure or surface contacts the skin surface when the one or more foldable members at least partially compress from a normally expanded shape toward the proximal end of the engaging members; the handpiece comprising at least one suction conduit configured to draw treatment material into the tip when the tip contacts the skin surface and to remove used treatment material from the subject's skin surface; The engagement member is configured to deform to contact and engage the skin surface when the handpiece is moved relative to the skin surface.

36. 36. The system of claim 35, wherein the engagement member comprises at least one of a rubber and an elastomeric material.

37. 37. The system of claim 35 or 36, wherein the at least one abrasive structure or surface comprises at least one of a helical member, a post, a protruding member, an abrasive disc, an abrasive surface, and a diamond.

Images