Mounting structure between excavation machine operating arm and excavation tool

Abstract

To provide a structure in which an excavation tool 4 that applies pressing force, rotational force, and repeated impact force from a built-in air hammer device H to an excavation blade B to effectively excavate the ground / mass is attached to a tip portion 2 of an operating arm 1 that is operated with freedom in vertical, longitudinal, and horizontal directions of a crane work vehicle G, wherein a connection structure can suppress vertical reaction force, rotational reaction torque, and reaction force of repeated impact force generated from the ground side during excavated by the excavation blade B from damaging or wearing out a connection portion between the excavation tool 4 and the tip portion 2, especially a swivel portion S.SOLUTION: By moving a sliding angle shaft 43 connected via an air hammer device H above an excavation tool up and down in an internal space of a cylindrical portion 41 connected to a tip portion 2 and rotated, energy of reaction force of rotational force, counter torque, and repeated impact force is released to prevent strong loads from acting on a structure of a swivel portion, thereby reducing damage to the swivel portion and extending the life of the excavation tool.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an excavation tool mounting structure for excavating machines, such as crane excavation vehicles or vertical pile drivers, that use a drilling tool attached to the tip of the excavation tool to drill or excavate holes in the ground, natural ground, or soil in civil engineering construction work. The mounting structure includes a cylindrical lower body that is inserted into the ground and houses the drilling tool and an air hammer device that repeatedly strikes the drilling tool at the tip of an operating unit that can be operated by the excavation machine and move with a required degree of freedom. An upper structure is provided above the lower body that can transmit the rotational force of a rotating unit, such as a hydraulic motor, attached to the tip of the excavation tool to the lower body and the air hammer device, and a swivel unit for air intake for the air hammer device is provided between the lower body and the upper structure. In particular, the present invention relates to an excavation tool mounting structure for the tip of the excavation tool that makes the internal structure and parts of the excavation tool less susceptible to breakage or damage even when the excavation tool is subjected to the reaction force, rotational counter torque, and reaction force vibration energy of the repeated striking force that the excavation tool receives from the ground, natural ground, or soil being excavated. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, the tip of an operating part of an excavating machine is operated to move up and down, left and right, and with a degree of freedom of movement such as swinging, and the like. The excavating tool has a cylindrical lower body with a built-in excavating blade and an air hammer device that repeatedly strikes the excavating blade, and an upper structure that can transmit the rotational force of a rotating part such as a hydraulic motor attached to the tip of the operating part provided above the lower body to the lower body and the air hammer device. In this structure, a swivel part is provided between the excavating tool and the rotation output shaft of the rotating part such as a hydraulic motor attached to the tip, and the rotational force of the rotation output shaft at the tip can be transmitted to a rotating member on the excavating tool side at the swivel part. The rotational force of the rotating member rotates the lower body and the air hammer device, and the air hose is fixed to an outer cylinder that forms the swivel part fitted around the outer periphery, and high-pressure air from the air hose is sent to the air hammer device in the lower body via a supply port in the outer cylinder and an air passage formed inside the rotating member. This structure is well known and is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,649,999.

[0003] deer However, the counter torque, reaction force and impact energy from the ground side of the rotational force and repeated striking force acting on the drilling blade of the drilling tool are strongly loaded on the swivel part via the drilling blade and air hammer device, causing damage to the rotation structure and airtight structure of the swivel part. As a result, this damage reduces the life and airtightness of the drilling tool, shortening its usable life. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-166786 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide an attachment structure between the tip of the operating arm and the excavation tool that reduces breakage and damage at the swivel part of the excavation tool, reduces breakdowns, is highly durable, and has a long product life, by improving the attachment structure between the tip of the operating arm and the excavation tool. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The configuration of the present invention that solves this problem is as follows: 1) In civil engineering construction work, an excavation machine is used to drill or excavate the ground, natural ground, or foundation using a drilling blade attached to the tip, and the tip of the operating part is operated by the excavation machine and can be moved with the required degree of freedom. A drilling tool having an upper structure is detachably attached to the upper part of the lower body, which has a drilling blade for drilling the ground and an air hammer device for repeatedly striking the drilling blade, and which has an upper structure that transmits the rotational force of a rotating part such as a hydraulic motor attached to the tip of the upper part of the lower body via a rotating member on the drilling tool side to rotate the lower body and the air hammer device. An attachment structure for an excavating tool to the tip of a movable operating arm of an excavating machine, wherein a rotational force generated from a rotating part installed at the tip is applied to the lower body, the air hammer device and the excavating cutting tool via the upper structure to rotate them, and further wherein an outer cylinder is rotatably fitted around the outer periphery of the lower part of the rotating member between the lower part of the rotating member of the upper structure and the lower body to form a swivel part, and air from an air hose attached to the outer cylinder of the swivel part is sent to the air hammer device in the lower body via an air passage formed inside the outer cylinder of the swivel part and the lower part of the rotating member, so that repeated striking forces generated by operation of the air hammer device can be applied to the excavating cutting tool in the lower body to effectively excavate, The upper structure of the excavation tool comprises a linking tubular portion detachably attached to the rotary portion at the tip end, rotated by the output shaft of the rotary portion, and connected in the axial direction. 、 a cylindrical portion connected to the lower end of the interlocking cylindrical portion and having a vertically long hollow space therein; 、an intermediate cylindrical portion provided at the bottom of the cylindrical portion, the inner surface of which is polygonal and has a circular cross section and a circular cross section narrower than the diameter of the hollow space; 、 The inner surface of the intermediate cylindrical portion is polygonal, and the sliding angular shaft is inserted into the polygonal hollow space and rotates with the rotation of the cylindrical portion. 、 a widened connecting shaft portion provided at the lower end of the sliding angular shaft, The excavation tool below the upper structure includes a cylindrical lower body that is connected to the lower end of the connecting shaft and extends downward. 、 A digging tool enclosed at the bottom of the lower body and 、 The structure is provided with an air hammer device that is connected to the lower end of the connecting shaft and repeatedly strikes the head of the lower excavation tool, and includes the connecting shaft that spins and an outer cylinder fitted to the outer periphery of the connecting shaft. 、 The air hose attached to the outer cylinder 、 The air hose is connected to a connecting shaft that supplies air to the air hammer device, and the connecting shaft is connected to an air passage formed in the outer cylinder. 、 Furthermore, by ensuring a clearance space where the head of the sliding angular shaft, which makes a vertical stroke, does not come into contact with the ceiling surface of the inner surface of the cylindrical portion even at the top of its vertical stroke, even when the reaction force and rotational counter torque from the ground acting on the excavation tool and the energy of the reaction force of repeated impacts due to the operation of the air hammer device are loaded onto the swivel portion where the air hammer device and the connecting shaft are located, the head of the sliding angular shaft does not come into contact with the ceiling surface of the inner surface of the cylindrical portion. Therefore, the sliding angular shaft makes a vertical reciprocating stroke in the hollow space of the cylindrical portion, and the reaction force and its energy are released by this movement, and the force and vibration energy loaded onto the swivel portion are weakened, reducing breakage and damage to the swivel portion and extending the product life. This is a mounting structure for the tip of the movable operating arm of an excavation machine and an excavation tool, characterized in that 2) The attachment structure for the tip of the movable operating arm of the excavation machine and the excavation tool as described in 1) above, in which the dimension of the play space is secured to be 10 to 150 mm. 3) The mounting structure for the tip of the movable operating arm of an excavating machine and the excavating tool according to 1) or 2) above, characterized in that a plurality of guide tubes are provided outside the connecting shaft portion at the lower end of the sliding angular shaft and extend in the sliding direction of the sliding angular shaft, and the guide tubes are slidably fitted around the outside of a plurality of vertical movement guide rods that are fixedly supported and extend in the sliding direction of the sliding angular shaft below the tip, thereby regulating the vertical stroke direction of the sliding angular shaft along the vertical movement guide rods and preventing the outer tube of the swivel portion and the air hose from rotating with the rotation of the sliding angular shaft. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, the connecting shaft portion, which is connected to the air hammer device in the lower body and rotates and moves up and down, and the cylindrical body fitted to the outside thereof, are provided with an air supply port and an air passage for air from the air hose, forming the swivel portion for supplying air to the air hammer device, and an air passage with excellent airtightness can be formed. Furthermore, the upper part of the connecting shaft portion is the upper sliding angular shaft as it is, and the cylindrical portion and the sliding angular shaft are fitted together so that rotation can be transmitted to the lower connecting shaft portion. Therefore, the rotational force from the tip portion and the repeated impact force by the air hammer device are applied to the excavation blade to excavate the ground, but the reaction force of the rotational force and impact force in the vertical direction against the excavation acts on the connecting shaft, but the reaction force acts from the connecting shaft directly on the sliding angular shaft above, which strokes up and down within the hollow space of the cylindrical section, and there is a gap between the ceiling surface of the cylindrical section and the head of the sliding angular shaft that strokes up and down, so it simply moves up and down without contact. As a result, the reaction force, jumping force, rotational force and reaction force energy acting on the connecting shaft are released by the up and down movement of the sliding angular shaft, and the strong reaction force acting on the swivel section below is reduced, which greatly reduces damage to the swivel section and greatly suppresses damage and failure of the swivel section, greatly improving the durability of the drilling tool. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the state in which an excavation crane working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is used. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the main part of the connecting structure of the embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a plan view of the coupling structure of FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the internal structure of the cylindrical lower body of the excavation tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] In the present invention, the practical dimension of the spatial play between the maximum upper position of the stroke of the head of the sliding angular shaft and the ceiling surface inside the cylindrical portion into which it is inserted is 20 mm or more. This dimension is preferably in the range of 10 mm to 150 mm. The connection between the output shaft at the tip and the interlocking cylindrical portion can be a combination of spline meshing and screw connection, as in the connection structure of the embodiment, or it can be screw engagement. In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a waterproof rubber 53 at the connecting portion between the sliding angular shaft portion and the intermediate shaft portion to prevent rainwater, garbage, sand, etc. from entering or adhering to the gaps, spaces, and surfaces of the excavation tool. [Example]

[0010] The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, G is an embodiment of the mounting structure incorporating the tip and air hammer of the present invention. K is an excavation crane vehicle, K1 is a crane boom of the crane vehicle K, 1 is an operating arm of the crane boom K1, 2 is the tip of the operating arm, 3 is a rotating part operated by a hydraulic motor provided at the tip, 31 is an output shaft of the rotating part, 4 is an excavation tool of the embodiment, 40 is an interlocking tubular part of the excavation tool 4 that meshes with the splines of the output shaft 31, 401 is an inner spline of the interlocking tubular part 40 that meshes with the splines of the output shaft 31, and 402 is a part that connects the output shaft 31 and the interlocking tubular part 40 in the axial direction. 42 is an intermediate cylindrical portion at the bottom of the cylindrical portion; 421 is a hollow space inside the hexagonal shape of the intermediate cylindrical portion; 4211 is a 20 mm play space; 43 is a sliding square shaft with a hexagonal outer shape inserted into the hollow space; 44 is an enlarged connecting shaft portion connected to the bottom end of the sliding square shaft; 441 is an air passage provided inside the connecting shaft portion; and 45 is a fixed cylindrical body on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft portion 44 that is rotatably fitted thereon. In this embodiment, S denotes a swivel formed by the connecting shaft 44 and the cylindrical body 45, S1 denotes a high-pressure air supply port provided on the outside of the swivel, S2 is an air hose connected to the supply port S1, S3 is an air passage provided inside the connecting shaft 44, and 47 is an air hammer device 47(H) connected to the lower end of the connecting shaft 44, where high-pressure air is supplied to the air hammer device 47(H) from an air passage 441 of the connecting shaft 44, and the lower end of a piston rod 472 inside it repeatedly strikes the head of the excavation blade 48. 471 is a casing for the air hammer device 47(H), which transmits the pressing force and rotational force from the connecting shaft 44 to the excavation blade 48(B). 48 is a drilling tool that excavates the ground by an inner bit 481 attached to the lower end of the shaft body when the repeated impact force, the pressing force and the rotational force are applied to the head of the shaft body 482 by a piston rod 472 in the air hammer device 47(H), 482 is the shaft part of the drilling tool B, 53 is a waterproof rubber provided on the outside of the sliding square shaft 43 and between the upper end of the connecting shaft portion 43 and the lower end of the intermediate cylindrical portion 42; Reference numeral 481 denotes an inner bit at the lower end of the excavating blade 48, to which rotational force is transmitted by the casing 471 of the air hammer device 47(H). Reference numeral 49 denotes a lower body, which is an inner casing that houses the air hammer device 47(H) and the excavating blade 48(B) inside, 50 denotes a vertical movement rod shaft attached to the lower end side, 51 denotes a guide tube fitted to the outside of the vertical movement rod shaft, and 52 denotes an attachment member that connects the guide tube to the connecting shaft portion 44. Furthermore, since the guide tube 51 on the outside of the connecting shaft portion 44 is inserted into the vertical movement rod shaft 50 attached to the tip side, the sliding rectangular shaft 44 can move up and down smoothly inside the cylindrical portion 41 by being guided by the guide tube 51.

[0011] (Explanation of operation of the embodiment) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the tip 2 of the operating arm 1 below the crane boom K1 of the excavation crane working vehicle K can move up and down, left and right, and front and back, and an excavation tool 4 of the present invention is attached to the lower end of the tip 2 to excavate a hole of a required depth in the ground.

[0012] The tip 2 of the operating arm 1 suspended below the tip of the crane boom K1 is a vertical member, and a rotating part 3 using a hydraulic motor is provided at the tip 2, and its output shaft 31 is inserted into the interlocking cylindrical part 40 of the excavation tool 4 and is connected to the spline BiteThe interlocking cylinder 40 rotates in response to the engagement of the rotating portion 3 of the tip portion 2, and the rotational force of the rotating portion 3 is transmitted to the interlocking cylinder 40, the cylindrical portion 41 below it, and the intermediate cylinder 42 below it, rotating the intermediate cylinder 42 and also rotating the lower connecting shaft 44. At the same time, the rotation of the intermediate cylinder rotates the sliding square shaft 43, which has a hexagonal outer shape and fits into the hexagonal inner surface of the internal hexagonal hollow space 421. Moreover, the sliding square shaft 43 is fitted into the inner surface of the outer intermediate cylinder 42 and can slide up and down. Moreover, because the sliding square shaft 43 is connected to the head of the casing 471 of the air hammer device 47(H) via the connecting shaft 44, the reaction force of repeated blows from the lower air hammer device 47(H) slides the sliding square shaft 43 up and down via the connecting shaft 44, causing it to perform an up and down stroke. The reaction energy from the ground side of these forces, rotational force and impact force, causes the sliding angular shaft 43 to stroke up and down via the connecting shaft 44, and thus the reaction energy is consumed and released. Even though the sliding angular shaft 43 and the upper cylindrical part 41 slide, there is a clearance space 4211 of about 20 mm above and below between the head 431 of the sliding angular shaft 43 and the inner ceiling surface 411 of the cylindrical part 41. 1 Therefore, the reaction energy of the cylindrical part 41 and the swivel part S is not directly transmitted to the cylindrical part 41 and the swivel part S, but is attenuated and weakened. t This acts on the structure of the swivel part S, so it must be able to withstand the load of the reaction force. t are.

[0013] The cutting tool of this embodiment has the following advantages as a product. 1. The structure is simple and the price is low. Therefore, there are few breakdowns and the running costs are extremely low. 2 As shown in Figure 2, there is a swivel section S (air supply section) directly above the air hammer device 47 (H), and since there is cushion rubber (waterproof rubber 53) above that, compressed air does not pass through the structure, so it is sufficient to only grease the sliding surfaces, and there is no need to worry about processing precision to prevent air leaks or wear of O-rings and seals. 3 A universal joint is incorporated into the air inlet of the swivel section S, allowing the hose to be pulled out in any direction 360°. 4. An extendable anti-rotation device is supplied as a set. The rotation section 3 is connected to the hydraulic motor by inserting the motor shaft (output shaft 31) into the inner spline section at the top of the slide sub and fixing it with a hex bolt 402, integrating the swivel shaft and hammer. The rotation of the motor is transmitted to the vertically suspended slide and pressed against the ground, starting the hammering, and the recoil is removed. At this time, double and triple prevention mechanisms are built to prevent the swivel shaft from falling off the slide sub body. There is also a cushion rubber in case it contracts beyond the stroke. To prevent the two bolts from loosening, hexagonal holes are drilled into the heads of the bolts and each is sewn together with wire, creating a structure that is carefully designed to prevent any accidents from occurring.

[0014] Disassembly procedure for shock absorber 1 Remove the part that is fixed with a band to the body of the hydraulic motor (auger reducer) from the motor, and pull out and remove the part from the anti-rotation support. 2 Remove the six cap bolts and remove the upper part of the slide sub. 3. Remove the wire from the hexagonal bolt and then remove the two bolts. The cushion rubber (waterproof rubber 53) and snap ring holder may come off together, or you can remove them separately. 4 Open the sand pudding cloud snap ring with pliers and remove it. 5 Remove the shaft nut, which has an internal thread (right-hand thread), by rotating it counterclockwise to remove it. Remove the shaft washer. 6. Loosen the bands on both sides of the dust cover assembly and pull out the slide sub body and bellows. This completes the disassembly of the shock absorber.

[0015] * The cost of maintaining the shock absorber is minimal, consisting of replacing cushion rubber (waterproof rubber 53), socket hex bolts, and washers. * Maintenance of the air swivel S is limited to replacing bushings, rubber, packing, and O-rings; no expensive parts need to be replaced. Therefore, in this embodiment, the drilling tool is less likely to be damaged or lose its airtightness, and the drilling tool maintains its performance for a long time, making it a durable drilling tool. [Industrial Applicability]

[0016] The present invention is useful not only for drilling holes in the ground above ground but also for excavation and drilling work in tunnel construction. [Explanation of symbols]

[0017] G is an example of a mounting structure for the tip of the movable operating arm of the excavating machine of the embodiment and the excavating tool. K is a crane work vehicle K1 is a crane boom S is the excavation work of the example Ingredients Swivel part H is an air hammer device attached to the drilling tool H1 is the casing of the air hammer device. B is a drilling tool installed below the air hammer device B1 is the shaft of the excavation tool B2 is the inner bit at the bottom T is the cylindrical lower body of the air hammer device H, which is a drilling tool. 1 operating arm 2 Tip 3 Rotating part 31 Screw output shaft 40 Threaded tube part 401 spline 402 hex bolt 41 Cylindrical part 411 Ceiling surface 42 Intermediate cylinder part 421 Hollow space 43 Sliding square shaft 44 Connecting shaft part 45 Cylinder 47(H) Air hammer device 471 Air hammer device casing 48(B) Drilling tools 481 Inner Bit 482 Shaft 50 Vertical movement rod axis 51 Guide tube 52 Mounting member connecting the guide pipe and the connecting shaft portion 44

Claims

1. A mounting structure for an excavation machine operating arm and an excavation tool, which mounts an excavation tool detachably to the tip of the operating arm of the excavation machine, The excavation tool has a structure in which a digging blade for digging the ground and an air hammer device for repeatedly striking the digging blade are housed inside a cylindrical lower body that is inserted into the ground, and the rotational force of a rotating part provided at the tip end of the lower body is transmitted to the lower body via a rotating member to rotate the lower body, the air hammer device, and the digging blade; A swivel section is formed between the lower part of the rotating member and the lower body by rotatably fitting the lower part of the rotating member into a cylindrical body, and air from an air hose attached to the cylindrical body is sent to the air hammer device in the lower body through an air passage formed inside the cylindrical body and the lower part of the rotating member, and the striking force generated by the operation of the air hammer device is applied to the excavation blade in the lower body to perform excavation. The drilling tool comprises: a linking tubular portion attached to an output shaft of the rotating portion; a cylindrical portion connected to a lower end of the interlocking cylindrical portion and having a hollow space therein; an intermediate cylindrical portion provided at a lower portion of the cylindrical portion and having a polygonal hollow space therein that is narrower than the inner diameter of the hollow space; a polygonal sliding angular shaft inserted into the polygonal hollow space of the intermediate cylindrical portion, rotating together with the cylindrical portion and reciprocating up and down relative to the cylindrical portion and the intermediate cylindrical portion; a connecting shaft portion provided at a lower end of the sliding angular shaft and forming a lower portion of the rotating member, a clearance space is provided between the head of the sliding angular shaft and the ceiling surface so that the head does not come into contact with the ceiling surface inside the cylindrical portion at the highest position of the up and down reciprocating motion of the sliding angular shaft; 1. A mounting structure for an excavation tool and an operating arm of an excavation machine, comprising:

2. The vertical dimension of the play space is set to 10 to 150 mm.

2. The mounting structure for an operating arm of an excavating machine and an excavating tool according to claim 1.

3. A guide tube extending in the sliding direction of the sliding angular shaft is provided on the outside of the cylindrical body, and a vertical movement guide rod extending in the sliding direction of the sliding angular shaft and fixedly supported at the tip end is slidably fitted into the guide tube, so that the vertical reciprocating movement of the sliding angular shaft is guided along the vertical movement guide rod.

3. The mounting structure for an operating arm of an excavating machine and an excavating tool according to claim 1 or 2.

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