Fire extinguishing system

Abstract

To provide a fire-extinguishing system of a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire that breaks out in a material storage space.SOLUTION: A fire-extinguishing system includes: a foam extinguisher 30 for extinguishing a fire by discharging foam to a monitoring object for fire breakout; and damming means 50 provided higher than the monitoring object and around the monitoring object for preventing the foam from flowing outside the periphery. The foam extinguisher 30 is installed at a position higher than the damming means and can achieve a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire breaking out in a material storage space. The fire-extinguishing system is temporarily installed outdoors for extinguishing a fire breaking out in a box-shaped container 1 constituting an industrial waste yard, which is a material storage space for storing a waste material. When discharging foam, the foam is caused to enter the container by the foam extinguisher 30, and the foam discharged to the container 1 stays inside the damming means 50 installed around the container 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fire extinguishing system using a foam fire extinguishing device. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, in buildings under construction, temporary material storage areas, waste storage areas called industrial waste yards, etc. are commonly set up. In the following explanation, such storage areas will be collectively referred to as material storage areas. There have been cases where fires have occurred in temporary material storage areas set up during construction, and there has been growing interest in disaster prevention measures for such material storage areas.

[0003] The material storage area during the construction of a building is not necessarily indoors, but may be set up in a temporary outdoor location, for example. Possible causes of fires in material storage areas include arson and careless handling of ignition sources during construction work.

[0004] As an example of conventional technology for detecting arson, there is the following arson detection system (see, for example, Patent Document 1): The system according to Patent Document 1 includes a flame sensor having a flame detection unit, a human body sensor having a human body detection unit, a sensitivity setting unit that sets the sensitivity of the flame detection unit, a transmitting unit that transmits an intrusion signal when the human body detection unit detects a human body, and a receiving unit that receives the intrusion signal.

[0005] The system disclosed in Patent Document 1 controls the sensitivity setting unit to switch to high sensitivity when an intrusion signal is received. If a flame is detected by the flame sensor, a fire signal is wirelessly transmitted to the receiver. The receiver, having received the fire signal and the intrusion signal, determines that arson has occurred and transfers the arson signal to a mobile terminal.

[0006] As a result, even if the device is installed outdoors with the sensitivity normally set to low, false alarms caused by sunlight and other factors are reduced, and the manager carrying the mobile device is quickly notified that a fire has been detected. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-303093 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] However, the conventional techniques have the following problems. As mentioned above, the material storage area for a building under construction may be set up in a temporary outdoor location, and once construction work is completed, the material storage area will be removed or moved, eliminating the need for fire detection at the original temporary location. Therefore, unlike in the case of continuous fire monitoring in a normal building, it is important that the system has a simple configuration that allows for easy installation and removal.

[0009] Furthermore, even if the target of fire monitoring is a temporary installation, if a fire breaks out in a place such as a materials storage yard of a building under construction as described above, it is conceivable that it will cause great losses in terms of money and construction time. Therefore, there is a strong demand for the establishment of a fire extinguishing system that has a configuration that can more reliably extinguish a fire even if a fire breaks out in a materials storage yard.

[0010] However, the system disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not particularly disclose specific fire extinguishing methods after a fire has occurred.

[0011] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a fire extinguishing system having a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire that occurs in a monitored area. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The fire extinguishing system disclosed herein is a fire extinguishing system that includes a foam fire extinguishing device that extinguishes fires by releasing foam toward a target being monitored for the occurrence of a fire, and a damming means that is higher than the height of the target being monitored and is installed around the target being monitored to prevent the foam from flowing outside the periphery, and the foam fire extinguishing device is installed at a position higher than the damming means. In addition, the fire extinguishing system disclosed herein comprises a box-shaped container that is temporarily installed outdoors and serves as a material storage area for storing materials for disposal, a foam fire extinguishing device that is installed in a position such that foam enters the container when foam is released, and a damming means that is installed around the container, so that the foam released into the container remains inside the damming means. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to obtain a fire extinguishing system having a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire that occurs in a monitored object. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a fire extinguishing system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific configuration of a damming means according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the fire extinguishing system of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The fire extinguishing system disclosed herein has a technical feature that, when using a foam fire extinguishing device to extinguish a fire at a monitored object such as a material storage area, a simple damming means is provided around the monitored object, and the foam remains inside the damming means, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency of the monitored object.

[0016] Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a fire extinguishing system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 1 illustrates an example in which a material storage yard 1 temporarily installed outdoors during the construction of a building is targeted for fire monitoring. A typical example of the material storage yard 1 is an industrial waste yard installed outdoors of a building under construction to store materials for disposal. Here, the industrial waste yard is sometimes called an industrial waste container, and is made up of box-shaped containers, and may contain items other than materials, such as waste generated during construction work.

[0017] The fire extinguishing system according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a structure 10, a smoke detector 20, a foam fire extinguishing system 30, a controller 40, and a damming means 50.

[0018] The structure 10 comprises a roof 11 that can be temporarily installed above the material storage yard 1 and supports 12 that support the roof 11, and what is commonly called a pipe tent can be used. Note that the roof 11 can also be configured with hanging walls (not shown) added to the end of the roof 11 as a smoke retention shape to retain the smoke generated in the material storage yard 1.

[0019] During the construction of a building, a structure 10 having a roof 11 can be easily temporarily installed using supports 12 on a material storage yard 1 that has been temporarily installed outdoors. By temporarily installing such a structure, smoke generated in the material storage yard 1 moves upward and remains on the roof 11. Here, "temporarily installing a structure" means that the structure can be assembled easily and in a short time, and after use has finished, the structure can be easily dismantled and returned to its original empty state.

[0020] A smoke detector 20 is installed on the roof 11 as a fire detector that outputs a fire signal when it detects smoke in the monitored material storage area 1. For example, a spot-type smoke detector with multi-level sensitivity adjustment can be used as the smoke detector 20. This spot-type smoke detector 20 is resistant to dust, and can reduce false detections caused by dust even when installed outdoors.

[0021] Although not shown in the figure, a highly sensitive smoke detector can also be used that outputs a fire signal when it detects the occurrence of smoke in the monitored material storage area 1. The highly sensitive smoke detector can be a type that uses a sampling pipe with many sampling holes to constantly suck in air stagnating in the roof area through the many sampling holes, for example, and optically monitors the ambient air in the entire area.

[0022] Although this high-sensitivity smoke detector is not as resistant to dust as smoke detector 20, it has a wider sensitivity setting range than smoke detector 20 and can be set to detect smoke with higher sensitivity than smoke detector 20. However, when used at high sensitivity, there are more false positives, especially when used outdoors, so it is desirable to use the high-sensitivity smoke detector with a sensitivity set slightly higher than that of the low-sensitivity smoke detector 20 (class 3 sensitivity).

[0023] Therefore, smoke occurring in the material storage area 1 can be detected with a minimum configuration of installing the smoke detector 20 on the roof 11. Furthermore, by using the smoke detector 20 as both a high-sensitivity smoke detector and configuring it so that smoke is detected when both the smoke detector 20 and the high-sensitivity smoke detector are activated, it is possible to achieve dust-resistant and highly accurate smoke detection. Furthermore, the fire detector may not only be a smoke detector, but also a flame detector, for example, an infrared three-wavelength flame detector or other detection means.

[0024] The configuration in Figure 1 illustrates a case where a foam fire extinguishing device 30 that extinguishes a fire by discharging foam toward a material storage yard 1 that is the object of monitoring is installed in a controller 40. The foam fire extinguishing device 30 is a device that discharges foam to extinguish a fire that has broken out within a protected area (i.e., within the object of monitoring). It is desirable that the foam discharged be a highly expanding foam with a large foaming ratio.

[0025] To explain the foam fire extinguishing device 30 in more detail, the foam fire extinguishing device 30 is installed at a position higher than the damming means 50 using a mounting base or the like (not shown), and is installed in a position such that when foam is released, the foam enters the box-shaped container that constitutes the material storage area 1.

[0026] 1 shows only the portion that emits foam, but a foam solution, which is a mixture of foam concentrate and water, is supplied to the foam fire extinguishing device 30 via a pump through piping. When the pump starts, the supplied foam solution is fed toward a foaming net (not shown) attached to the tip of the device, and foam is continuously emitted from the foaming net.

[0027] Here, instead of a pump, a gas cylinder such as nitrogen may be used as a means for supplying the foam solution to the foam fire extinguishing system 30, and the foam solution may be supplied by the pressure inside the gas cylinder. Using a gas cylinder is more efficient in terms of installation and removal at construction sites. Furthermore, since commercial power is often not available for buildings under construction, it is preferable to use a gas cylinder as a supply means that can supply the foam solution without requiring a power source.

[0028] The foam fire extinguishing system 30 is not limited to being installed as shown in Fig. 1. For example, if the material storage yard 1 is located adjacent to the wall of a building, the foam fire extinguishing system 30 can be installed on that wall. In this case, the aforementioned pump, gas cylinder, and the like that constitute part of the foam fire extinguishing system 30 are installed inside the building under construction, and the foam fire extinguishing system 30 can be installed using the building's framework, resulting in stable installation of the system.

[0029] The controller 40 controls the foam fire extinguishing system 30 based on the fire signal output from the smoke detector 20. Specifically, when the smoke detector 20 is activated and the controller 40 receives the fire signal output from the smoke detector 20, the controller 40 outputs a foam discharge command to the foam fire extinguishing system 30 (including the pump) to discharge foam toward the material storage area 1.

[0030] The controller 40 can execute an alarm process to notify that a fire has occurred when it receives a fire signal output from the smoke detector 20. Here, the alarm process means to activate an alarm device having a buzzer or the like (not shown) to notify that a fire may have occurred.

[0031] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing system according to the first embodiment has a technical feature in that a damming means 50 is provided to increase the efficiency of extinguishing a fire that has broken out in the material storage yard 1 by the foam released from the foam fire extinguishing device 30. The damming means 50 will now be described in detail with reference to FIG.

[0032] Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific configuration of the damming means 50 in the first embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2(A) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the positional relationship between the material storage yard 1 and the damming means 50. Figure 2(B) is a top view for explaining the positional relationship between the material storage yard 1 and the damming means 50.

[0033] As shown in Figure 2(A), the damming means 50 has a height H1 that is higher than the height H2 of the material storage yard 1 to be monitored. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(B), the damming means 50 is provided around the material storage yard 1 to be monitored. The reason for setting H1 > H2 is that there is a possibility that the material placed in the material storage yard 1 may protrude higher than the height H2 of the material storage yard 1.

[0034] Therefore, by providing the damming means 50 with such a height relationship, the foam released from the foam fire extinguishing device 30 toward the material storage area 1 enters and accumulates inside the box-shaped container that makes up the material storage area 1. The foam that overflows from the container then spreads outward, but is prevented from flowing out of the damming means 50, and it becomes possible to cover the materials placed in the material storage area 1 with foam.

[0035] In other words, by providing the damming means 50, the foam released into the material storage area 1 remains inside the damming means 50, making it possible to more effectively cover a fire that has broken out in the material storage area 1 with foam in a shorter time, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency. Here, since the height of the damming means 50 is higher than the material storage area 1, even if materials such as wood protrude from the top surface of the material storage area 1, as long as the materials are lower than the height of the damming means 50, the material storage area 1 will be completely filled with the accumulated foam, and the fire will be extinguished by suffocation.

[0036] Note that various materials capable of damming foam, such as metal materials, steel plates, sheet-like members, and resin materials, can be used as the damming means 50. Furthermore, materials other than mesh can also be used as the damming means 50 as long as they can dam foam. When the foam released from the foam fire extinguishing system 30 is high-expansion foam, a damming means 50 with openings, such as wire mesh, can adequately dam the foam. When a steel plate is used as the damming means 50, it is possible to dam even low-expansion foam.

[0037] 2(B), a door 51 is provided as an openable / closable structure in a part of the damming means 50. By opening the door 51, it is possible to easily carry materials into the material storage area 1 and remove materials from the material storage area 1.

[0038] Also, FIG. 2(B) illustrates a state in which the damming means 50 arranged around the material storage area 1 are installed at positions spaced a distance W1 to W4 from the material storage area 1. The greater the distance W, the larger the space between the material storage area 1 and the damming means 50, and the longer it takes for the foam to build up. As a result, the longer it takes for the foam to build up at the material storage area 1, which may delay fire extinguishing.

[0039] On the other hand, distance W must be the minimum distance necessary to efficiently carry out the work of transporting materials to and removing materials from material storage area 1. Therefore, considering the trade-off between the speed of fire extinguishing and improved work efficiency, it is desirable to provide damming means 50 for material storage area 1 so that each of distances W1 to W4 is in the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m.

[0040] If one of the sides of the material storage yard 1 is positioned adjacent to a building wall or the like, the distance W for that adjacent side will be close to 0 m. In other words, it is not necessary to set the distance W in the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m on all sides of the material storage yard 1, but it is desirable to set the distance W in the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m on the side where workers access the material storage yard 1 to make it easy for people to pass through.

[0041] In other words, as long as there is a distance W to the damming means 50 only on the front side of the material storage area 1 where the door 51 serving as an opening and closing means is located, and materials, waste garbage, etc. can be put in and taken out of the material storage area 1, the distance W to the damming means 50 on the side and back sides of the material storage area 1 may be 0 m.

[0042] The damming means 50 described using Figure 2 can be assembled easily and in a short time, and after use can be easily disassembled and returned to its original empty state, making it a structure suitable for temporary installation.

[0043] The effects of the fire extinguishing system according to the first embodiment described above can be summarized as follows. <Effect 1: Improved fire extinguishing efficiency with foam> The minimum configuration is to install a damming means around the monitored object that is higher than the height of the monitored object, and to ensure that foam released toward the monitored object remains inside the damming means. As a result, the monitored object can be covered with foam in a shorter time, suppressing the spread of smoke and improving fire extinguishing efficiency. In addition, by minimizing the spread of smoke outside the fire extinguishing area, it is possible to achieve the effect of making fire response and evacuation activities easier.

[0044] When extinguishing a fire by spraying water, the water spreads outside the monitored area, and depending on the fire situation, such as an oil fire, rapid extinguishing may not be possible, and a large amount of water may be required. In contrast, the fire extinguishing system according to the first embodiment is provided with a configuration that combines a foam fire extinguishing device and a damming means, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency of the foam fire extinguishing device and ensuring that fires in the material storage yard, whether they are ordinary fires or oil fires, can be extinguished quickly.

[0045] <Effect 2: Achieving both rapid fire extinguishing and improved work efficiency> By providing a gap of 0.3 m to 1.0 m between the damming means installed around the monitored object and the monitored object, it is possible to achieve both rapid fire extinguishing and improved work efficiency. Also, it is not necessary to provide gaps all around the perimeter; it is sufficient to set the distance in the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m on the surface where workers access the material storage area 1. Furthermore, by providing an openable door on part of the damming means, it is possible to facilitate the work of loading and unloading.

[0046] <Effect 3: Link with sensors> Foam fire extinguishing devices may be manually operated, but by linking them with smoke detectors, etc., foam fire extinguishing operations can be automated without human intervention.

[0047] In particular, at construction sites, it is conceivable that a material storage area will be temporarily set up outdoors or in a location with a high ceiling. It is also conceivable that the location of the material storage area will be moved depending on the progress of the construction. In this case, the structure 10 and the damming means 50 can be dismantled, and then reassembled and temporarily set up in accordance with the new location. Therefore, it is possible to easily provide a fire extinguishing system suitable for construction sites and the like.

[0048] The placement of the smoke detector 20 and the foam fire extinguishing system 30 is not limited to the layout shown in Fig. 1. The smoke detector 20 can be placed in any desired location suitable for detecting smoke generated in the monitored object or temperatures above a threshold. The foam fire extinguishing system 30 can be placed in any desired location suitable for foam fire extinguishing, depending on the size, height, installation location, etc. of the monitored object.

[0049] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned first embodiment, a material storage yard during the construction of a building has been described as a specific example of a "target to be monitored for the occurrence of a fire," but the "target to be monitored for the occurrence of a fire" in this application is not limited to such a material storage yard at a construction site. For example, a material storage yard other than a construction site, an area to be monitored for the occurrence of a fire at an outdoor event, or other monitored targets to which a configuration combining a foam fire extinguishing system and a damming means can be applied are included in the "target to be monitored for the occurrence of a fire" in this application.

[0050] Although the above description is based on the case where the material storage area is located outdoors, outside the building under construction, this embodiment can also be applied to cases where the material storage area is located indoors. In the case of an indoor building under construction, there is no smoke exhaust system and the building may be exposed to smoke, so as a countermeasure, the foam fire extinguishing device of the present invention may be installed as an indoor fire extinguishing device that can be easily installed and removed.

[0051] In the embodiment, the material storage area is, for example, composed of a box-shaped container, and foam is injected into the container from the foam fire extinguishing system. However, if there is a large amount of materials or waste and they cannot fit into the container, the materials or waste may be placed in front of the container. In such a case, if materials outside the container ignite and a fire breaks out, it is preferable to release foam between the material storage area and the damming means rather than injecting foam from the foam fire extinguishing system into the container. For this reason, the foam fire extinguishing system may be provided with a deflector mechanism that can manually switch the direction of foam emission, allowing the foam to be selectively released either into the container or outside the container. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1 Material storage area, 10 Structure, 11 Roof section, 12 Support, 20 Smoke detector, 30 Foam fire extinguishing device, 40 Controller, 50 Damming means, 51 Door.

Claims

1. A foam fire extinguishing device that extinguishes a fire by releasing foam toward a target where a fire has occurred; a damming means that is provided higher than the height of the monitoring target and around the monitoring target, and that prevents the bubbles from flowing out beyond the periphery; A fire extinguishing system comprising: The foam fire extinguishing device is installed at a position higher than the damming means. Fire extinguishing system.

2. A box-shaped container that is temporarily installed outdoors and forms a material storage area for storing materials for disposal; a foam fire extinguishing device that is installed at a position where foam enters the container when foam is discharged; a damming means provided around the container; Equipped with The bubbles released into the container remain inside the damming means. Fire extinguishing system.

3. a roof portion that can be temporarily installed above the container; A support pillar supporting the roof portion; Furthermore, The roof is equipped with a fire detector that outputs a fire signal when it detects smoke in the container being monitored.

3. The fire suppression system of claim 2.

4. A gas cylinder is used as a means for supplying the foam water solution to the foam fire extinguishing system, and the foam water solution is supplied to the foam fire extinguishing system by the pressure in the gas cylinder.

4. A fire extinguishing system according to claim 2 or 3.

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