Cultivation support device, program, and cultivation support system

Abstract

To provide a cultivation support device, a program, and a cultivation support system, which support the cultivation of fruit vegetables.SOLUTION: A cultivation support device 1 for supporting the cultivation of fruit vegetables, includes: a temperature acquisition unit 10 configured to acquire temperature information; a fertilizer application amount acquisition unit 20 configured to acquire the amount of fertilizer applied to fruit vegetables under cultivation; a light reception amount acquisition unit 30 configured to acquire the amount of light received by the fruit vegetables under cultivation; a photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 configured to calculate a total photosynthetic product requirement, which is the required amount of photosynthetic products required by the fruit vegetables under cultivation, based on at least the temperature information and the amount of fertilizer applied; a photosynthetic product production quantity calculation unit 50 configured to calculate a total photosynthetic product production quantity, which is the production quantity of photosynthetic products produced by the fruit vegetables under cultivation, based on at least the amount of light received; and a yield calculation unit 70 configured to calculate the yield of the fruit vegetables under cultivation using at least the total photosynthetic product requirement and the total photosynthetic product production quantity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a cultivation support device, a program, and a cultivation support system. [Background technology]

[0002] Sensors for measuring environmental and biological information of plants are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-69353 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] However, the technology described in Patent Document 1 measures nutrients absorbed by plants using sensors, making it difficult to use in actual cultivation situations. Furthermore, although the technology in Patent Document 1 measures nitrite nitrogen as a nutrient, it does not provide concrete support for the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops (for example, yield prediction or adjustment of fertilizer application).

[0005] This invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and aims to provide a technology that supports the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A cultivation support device according to one aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a cultivation support device for cultivating fruit and vegetable crops, comprising: a temperature acquisition means for acquiring temperature information; a fertilizer amount acquisition means for acquiring the amount of fertilizer applied to the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation; a light reception amount acquisition means for acquiring the amount of light received by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation; a photosynthetic product requirement calculation means for calculating the total photosynthetic product requirement, which is the amount of photosynthetic products required by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, based on at least the temperature information and the fertilizer amount; a photosynthetic product production amount calculation means for calculating the total photosynthetic product production amount, which is the amount of photosynthetic products produced by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, based on at least the light reception amount; and a yield calculation means for calculating the yield of the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, using at least the total photosynthetic product requirement and the total photosynthetic product production amount. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is an example of the configuration of the cultivation support device 1 according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] This is an example of the configuration of the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the relationship between accumulated temperature and nitrogen requirements for each organ. [Figure 4] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the relationship between sink strength, source strength, and flower bud differentiation. [Figure 5] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the relationship between sink strength, sauce strength, and the number of fruits set. [Figure 6] This is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the cultivation support device 1. [Figure 7] This is a conceptual diagram of cultivation support provided by cultivation support device 1. [Figure 8] This is an explanatory diagram describing the experiments conducted before arriving at the configuration of cultivation support device 1. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The cultivation support device according to the embodiment is a device that supports the cultivation of fruit vegetables (for example, tomatoes, etc.). Specifically, the cultivation support device according to the embodiment supports the cultivation of fruit vegetables by calculating (predicting) future yields or deriving (presenting) appropriate fertilizer amounts based on temperature (cumulative temperature), fertilizer application amount, solar radiation amount, etc. In other words, the cultivation support device according to the embodiment can perform simulations regarding the growth status of fruit vegetables during cultivation.

[0009] (Simulation assumptions) In this simulation, a growth model is provided with daily meteorological data (daily average temperature, daily total solar radiation, etc.) to calculate the growth status of each organ (leaves, stems, roots, and fruits) of cultivated fruit and vegetable crops. This simulation assumes that crop growth is primarily determined by temperature. The growth process of a given organ is represented using accumulated temperature, with the accumulated temperature at the end of growth set to 1.0 and the accumulated temperature at the start of growth set to 0, and the organ's growth stage is shown as a relative value of the accumulated temperature. In the following explanation, the subscript 'n' attached to the variable name indicates the number of days after planting, and the variable stores the result at 24 hours. In this simulation, the value at 0:00 on day 1 of calculation is considered the "initial value." The 'org' attached to the variable name indicates the type of organ (e.g., L for leaves, S for stems, F for fruits, and R for roots). The subscripts i, j, k, and l indicate the order of development of leaves, stems, fruits, and roots, respectively. Flower cluster development and flower bud differentiation will be discussed later. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the calculations are based on one plant (one individual crop).

[0010] Figure 1 shows an example of the configuration of the cultivation support device 1 according to this embodiment. Figure 2 shows an example of the configuration of the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40. As shown in Figure 1, the cultivation support device 1 includes a temperature acquisition unit 10, a fertilizer amount acquisition unit 20, a light reception amount acquisition unit 30, a photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40, a photosynthetic product production amount calculation unit 50, an organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution amount calculation unit 60, a yield calculation unit 70, an appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80, and a display unit 90. As shown in Figure 2, the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 includes an organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 41, a total nitrogen requirement calculation unit 42, an organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount calculation unit 43, an organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44, and a total photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 45.

[0011] The cultivation support device 1 can be any device that includes, as hardware, input means (e.g., keyboard, mouse, communication function, etc.), memory functions (RAM, ROM, hard disk, SSD, etc.), calculation means (CPU, etc.), and output means (display, communication function, etc.). The cultivation support device 1 may also be, for example, a personal computer.

[0012] The quantities listed below are some of the quantities that appear in the following explanation. The text to the right of the colon (:) is a representation (variable name, etc.) used in mathematical formulas. Total Photosynthetic Product Demand (also known as "Sink Strength"): Total-Sink-DW Total photosynthetic product output (also called "source intensity"): Total-DW Nitrogen requirement by organ: Dmd-N(org) Total Nitrogen Demand: Total-Dmd-N Nitrogen absorption based on fertilizer application rate: N-Abs Nitrogen distribution by organ: ΔN(org) Organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements: Sink-DW(org) Organ-specific photosynthetic product allocation: ΔDW(org) Furthermore, the above expressions may be accompanied by subscripts as needed, such as those shown below. Number of days after transplanting: n Number of leaves: i Number of stems: j Number of flower clusters: k Number of roots: l

[0013] The temperature acquisition unit 10 acquires temperature information. For example, the temperature acquisition unit 10 acquires the accumulated temperature (a numerical value indicating the accumulated temperature) from the weather forecast for the area. The temperature acquisition unit 10 may acquire the accumulated temperature through the operator's operation (manual input, etc.) or by receiving the accumulated temperature from an external device.

[0014] The fertilizer application amount acquisition unit 20 acquires the amount of fertilizer applied. The fertilizer application amount acquisition unit 20 may acquire the amount of fertilizer applied through operation by the operator, or it may acquire the amount of fertilizer applied by receiving it from an external device.

[0015] The light reception unit 30 acquires the amount of sunlight received by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, i.e., the amount of sunlight received. The light reception unit 30 may acquire the amount of sunlight received through operation by the operator, or it may acquire the amount of sunlight received from an external device.

[0016] (Photosynthesis product requirement calculation unit 40) The photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 calculates the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW), which is the amount of photosynthetic products required by the cultivated fruit and vegetable crops, based on at least temperature information and fertilizer application rate. A detailed explanation follows using Figure 2.

[0017] The organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 41 calculates the organ-specific nitrogen requirement (Dmd-N(org)), which is the nitrogen requirement for each organ of the fruit and vegetable being cultivated, based on temperature information (cumulative temperature). n(i~l) Calculate ).

[0018] Specifically, the organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 41 calculates the nitrogen requirement for a particular organ. The nitrogen accumulation of an organ is represented by a sigmoid function of the cumulative temperature starting from the time of the organ's development. Therefore, for example, the organ-specific nitrogen requirement at day n (Dmd-N(org)) n(i~l)) is calculated as the difference between the nitrogen accumulation amount at the nth day and the nitrogen accumulation amount at the (n - 1)th day. That is, although the nitrogen requirement amount is calculated on a daily basis, for example, the nitrogen requirement amount today is calculated as the amount obtained by subtracting the nitrogen accumulation amount yesterday from the nitrogen accumulation amount today. Specifically, the organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 41 calculates the organ-specific nitrogen requirement amount (Dmd-N(org) (n) -y (n-1) ) as the increase amount (y n(i~l) ) of the sigmoid function (y) in the following formula (Formula 1). As described above, the accumulated temperature may be obtained from the weather forecast of the area.

[0019] y = k / (1 + be -cx ) … (1)

[0020] In Formula 1, K, b, and c are constants corresponding to each organ. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the accumulated temperature and the organ-specific nitrogen requirement amount in relation to the above Formula 1. Specifically, FIG. 3 shows a curve (sigmoid curve) by the function of the above Formula 1. In FIG. 3, the X-axis is the accumulated temperature (relative value for each organ). In FIG. 3, the Y-axis shows the growth stage as a relative value of the accumulated temperature, with 0 at the start of growth and 1.0 at the end of growth. Also, regarding the size of each corresponding organ (size (relative value for each organ)), 0 is set at the start of growth and 1.0 at the end of growth when it has completely grown.

[0021] The total nitrogen requirement calculation unit 42 calculates the total nitrogen requirement amount (Total-Dmd-N n(i~l) ), which is the nitrogen requirement amount of the entire fruit vegetables under cultivation (one individual plant), from the organ-specific nitrogen requirement amount (Dmd-N(org) n ). For example, in the total nitrogen requirement calculation unit 42, as in the following formula (Formula 2), the nitrogen requirement amount of the leaves (ΣDmd-N(L) ni ), the nitrogen requirement amount of the stems (ΣDmd-N(S) nj ), the nitrogen requirement amount of the fruits (ΣDmd-N(F) nk ), and the nitrogen requirement amount of the roots (ΣDmd-N(R) nl ) are each multiplied by a certain coefficient and then summed up to obtain the total nitrogen requirement amount (Total-Dmd-N n) is calculated. Note that although this example uses a single crop, it may also use multiple crops.

[0022] Total-Dmd-N n =α × ΣDmd - N(L) ni +β×ΣDmd-N(S) nj +γ×ΣDmd-N(F) nk +λ×ΣDmd-N(R) nl … (2)

[0023] In equation 2 above, α is the nitrogen requirement of the leaf (ΣDmd-N(L) ni The coefficient for ) is β, where β is the nitrogen requirement of the stem (ΣDmd-N(S) nj γ is a coefficient for the nitrogen requirement of the fruit (ΣDmd-N(F) nk The coefficient for ) is λ, where λ is the nitrogen requirement of the root (ΣDmd-N(R) nl This is the coefficient for ).

[0024] The organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43 calculates the organ-specific nitrogen requirement (Dmd-N(org) n(i~l) ) and Total Nitrogen Demand (Total-Dmd-N n ) and nitrogen absorption (N-Abs) based on fertilizer application rate. n Based on this, the organ-specific nitrogen distribution (ΔN(org)) is the amount of nitrogen distributed to each organ. n(i~l) The unit calculates the nitrogen distribution amount by organ (ΔN(org)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 3). For example, the organ nitrogen distribution amount calculation unit 43 calculates the organ nitrogen distribution amount (ΔN(org)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 3). n(i~l) The cultivation support device 1 calculates the amount of nitrogen absorbed (N-Abs) based on the amount of fertilizer applied for each type of fertilizer, item, and variety. n This information shall be kept as a database and referenced as needed.

[0025] ΔN(org) n(i~l) =Dmd-N(org) n(i~l) / Total-Dmd-N n ×N-Abs n … (3)

[0026] Here, the nitrogen allocation amount to the fruit (ΔN(F))nk ) has an upper limit (ΔN(F) max ) is provided. Cultivation support device 1 sets various values ​​for each item and variety (for example, the above ΔN(F) max The minimum nitrogen distribution amount for each organ (ΔN(org)) will be described later. min The system shall maintain a database of (etc.) and refer to it as needed. The organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43 calculates the upper limit of nitrogen distribution (ΔN(F)) for the fruit. max ) an amount exceeding (EX-N(F) n The nitrogen from the fruit is redistributed to organs other than the fruit (leaves, stems), and the amount of nitrogen allocated to the fruit (ΔN(F)) nk ) is the upper limit of nitrogen distribution to the fruit (ΔN(F) max ) should not exceed the organ-specific nitrogen distribution (ΔN(org) n(i~l) Calculate ).

[0027] For example, the organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43 calculates the nitrogen distribution amount for the fruit (ΔN(F)) as shown in the following equations (Equations 4 and 5). nk Calculate ).

[0028] ΔN(F) nk =ΔN(F) nk0 : ΔN(F) nk0 <ΔN(F) max … (4) ΔN(F) nk =ΔN(F) max :ΔN(F) max <ΔN(F) nk0 … (5)

[0029] The ΔN(F) shown in Equations 4 and 5 nk0 This is the amount of nitrogen allocated to the fruit when no redistribution occurs, and is shown by the following equation (Equation 6).

[0030] ΔN(F) nk0 =Dmd-N(F) nk / (Total-Dmd-N n ×N-Abs n ) … (6)

[0031] Furthermore, the organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43 calculates the nitrogen distribution amount to the leaves (ΔN(L)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 7). ni Calculate ).

[0032] ΔN(L) ni ={Dmd-N(L) ni / (Total-Dmd-N n ×N-Abs n )}+{Dmd-N(L) ni / (LSR-Dmd-N n ×EX-N(F) n )}… (7)

[0033] Furthermore, the organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43 calculates the nitrogen distribution amount to the stem (ΔN(S)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 8). nj Calculate ).

[0034] ΔN(S) nj ={Dmd-N(S) nj / (Total-Dmd-N n ×N-Abs n )}+{Dmd-N(S) nj / (LSR-Dmd-N n ×EX-N(F) n )}…(8)

[0035] Furthermore, the organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43 calculates the nitrogen distribution amount to the root (ΔN(R)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 9). nl Calculate ).

[0036] ΔN(R) nl ={Dmd-N(R) nl / (Total-Dmd-N n ×(N-Abs n )}+{(Dmd-N(R) nl / LSR-Dmd-N n ×EX-N(F) n}…(9)

[0037] The upper limit of nitrogen distribution to fruit, as shown in Equations 7 to 9 (ΔN(F)) max ) an amount exceeding (EX-N(F) n) is represented by the following formula (Formula 10). Also, LSR-Dmd-N shown in Formulas 7 to 9 n is the nitrogen requirement of leaves (ΣDmd-N(L) ni ), the nitrogen requirement of stems (ΣDmd-N(S) nj ), and the nitrogen requirement of roots (ΣDmd-N(RS) nl ), and is the sum of these, and is represented by the following formula (Formula 11).

[0038] EX-N(F) n =ΔN(F) ni0 -ΔN(F) max … (10) LSR-Dmd-N n =ΣDmd-N(L) ni +ΣDmd-N(S) nj +ΣDmd-N(R) nl … (11)

[0039] Subsequently, based on the amount of nitrogen subsequently distributed, the amount of distribution of photosynthetic products is determined. In the present embodiment, the distribution of photosynthetic products is determined based on the amount of nitrogen distributed to each organ.

[0040] The photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44 for each organ calculates the photosynthetic product requirement for each organ (Sink-DW(org) ni ) based on the nitrogen distribution amount for each organ (ΔN(org) min )) and the minimum nitrogen distribution amount for each organ (ΔN(org) max ) and the maximum nitrogen distribution amount for each organ (ΔN(org) n(i~l) ). ) is calculated.

[0041] Specifically, the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44 for each organ calculates the photosynthetic product requirement for each organ (Sink-DW(org) n(i~l) ) as in the following formulas (Formulas 12 to 14). Note that D(org) is a numerical value for converting the amount of nitrogen (N) into dry weight (DW), and is actually the reciprocal of the nitrogen content (N content, W / W% in FIG. 8).

[0042] Sink-DW(org) n(i~l) =D(org) min: ΔN(org) n(i~l) <ΔN(org) min … (12) Sink-DW (org) n(i~l) =D(org)×ΔN(org) n(i~l) : ΔN(org) min <ΔN(org) n(i~l) <ΔN(org) max … (13) Sink-DW (org) n(i~l) =D(org) max :Δ(org) max <ΔN(org) n(i~l) … (14)

[0043] As an example, the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44 calculates the leaf photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(L)) as shown in the following equations (Equations 15-17). ni Calculate the nitrogen content of the leaf (W / W%). Note that D(L) is the reciprocal of the nitrogen content of the leaf (W / W%) in Figure 8.

[0044] Sink-DW(L) ni =D(L) min : ΔN(L) ni <ΔN(L) min … (15) Sink-DW (L) ni = D(L) × ΔN(L) ni : ΔN(L) min <ΔN(L) ni <ΔN(L) max … (16) Sink-DW (L) ni =D(L) max :Δ(L) max <ΔN(L) ni … (17)

[0045] The total photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 45 calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(org) n(i~l) The total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) is calculated by adding the photosynthetic product requirement of the entire crop (a single plant) under cultivation to the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ) is calculated as follows. Note that although this example uses a single crop, it may also use multiple crops.

[0046] For example, the total photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 45 calculates the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) as shown in the following equation (Equation 18). n Calculate ).

[0047] Total-Sink-DW n =ΣSink-DW(org) n(i~l) … (18)

[0048] (Photosynthetic product production amount calculation unit 50) The photosynthetic product production calculation unit 50 calculates, at least, the total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW), which is the amount of photosynthetic products produced by the cultivated fruit and vegetable crops, based on the amount of solar radiation. n The photosynthetic product production amount calculation unit 50 calculates the light utilization efficiency (g-DW / MJ) and the total solar radiation (MJ / m²) as shown in the following equation (Equation 19). 2 ) and the number of plants planted (plants / m 2 Based on factors such as, the total amount of photosynthetic products produced (DW) n Calculate ).

[0049] Total-DW n = Light utilization efficiency × (1-e -k*LAIn )×(total solar radiation n / Number of planted plants)… (19)

[0050] In Equation 19, k is the extinction coefficient, and LAIn is the leaf area index (m²) at day n. 2 / m 2 )

[0051] (Organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60) The organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 calculates at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW n ) and total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n ) and organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements (Sink-DW(org) n(i~l) Based on this, the organ-specific photosynthetic product allocation (ΔDW(org)) is the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to each organ. n(i~l)The organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution (ΔDW(org)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 20). n(i~l) Calculate ).

[0052] ΔDW(org) n(i~l) =Sink-DW(org) n(i~l) / Total-Sink-DW n ×Total-DW n … (20)

[0053] Here, the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit (ΔDW(F)) nk ) has an upper limit (ΔDW(F) Lim The organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 sets an upper limit (ΔDW(F)) for the amount of photosynthetic products distributed to the fruit. Lim The amount of photosynthetic products exceeding (EX-DW(F)) is redistributed to organs other than the fruit (leaves, stems, roots), and the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit (ΔDW(F)) nk ) is the upper limit of the distribution of photosynthetic products to the fruit (ΔDW(F) Lim ) should not exceed the organ-specific photosynthetic product allocation (ΔDW(org) n(i~l) Calculate ).

[0054] For example, the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 calculates the amount of photosynthetic products distributed to the fruit (ΔDW(F)) as shown in the following equations (Equations 21 and 22). nk Calculate ). ΔDW(F) nk =ΔDW(F) nko : ΔDW(F) nk0 <ΔDW(F) Lim … (twenty one) ΔDW(F) nk =ΔDW(F) Lim :ΔDW(F) Lim <ΔDW(F) nk0 … (twenty two)

[0055] The ΔDW(F) shown in Equations 21 and 22 nk0 This is the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit when no redistribution occurs, and is shown by the following equation (Equation 23).

[0056] ΔDW(F) nk0 =Sink-DW(F) nk / Total-Sink-DW n ×Total-DW n … (twenty three)

[0057] Furthermore, the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 calculates the amount of photosynthetic products distributed to leaves (ΔDW(L)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 24). ni Calculate ).

[0058] ΔDW(L) ni ={Sink-DW(L) ni / Total-Sink-DW n ×Total-DW n}+{Sink-DW(L) ni / LSR-Sink-DW n ×EX-DW(F) n}… (twenty four)

[0059] Furthermore, the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 calculates the amount of photosynthetic products distributed to the stem (ΔDW(S)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 25). nj Calculate ).

[0060] ΔDW(S) nj ={Sink-DW(S) nj / Total-Sink-DW n ×Total-DW n}+{Sink-DW(S) nj / LSR-Sink -DW n ×EX-DW(F) n}… (twenty five)

[0061] Furthermore, the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 calculates the amount of photosynthetic products distributed to the root (ΔDW(R)) as shown in the following equation (Equation 26). nl Calculate ).

[0062] ΔDW(R) nl ={Sink-DW(R) nl / Total-Sink-DW n×Total-DW n}+{Sink-DW(R) nl / LSR-Sink-DW n ×EX-DW(F) n}… (26)

[0063] The upper limit of the distribution of photosynthetic products to the fruit, as shown in Equations 24 to 26 (ΔDW(F) Lim ) an amount exceeding (EX-DW(F) n ) is shown by the following equation (Equation 27). Also, the LSR-Sink-DW shown in Equations 24 to 26 n This is the photosynthetic product requirement of leaves (ΣSink-DW (L) ni ), photosynthetic product requirements of the stem (ΣSink-DW (S) nj ), root photosynthetic product requirements (ΣSink-DW (R) nl This is the sum of ( ) and is shown by the following equation (Equation 28).

[0064] EX-DW(F) n =ΔDW(F) nk0 -ΔDW(F) Lim … (27) LSR-Sink-DW n =ΣSink-DW(L) ni +ΣSink-DW(S) nj +ΣSink-DW(R) nl … (28)

[0065] (Yield calculation unit 70) The yield calculation unit 70 calculates at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW n ) and total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n The yield of cultivated fruit vegetables is calculated using, for example, the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ) and total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n ) and the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit (ΔDW(F) nkBased on temperature and solar radiation, the yield of cultivated fruit and vegetable crops is calculated. Based on future temperature and solar radiation data, the daily total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) is calculated. n ) and total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n We estimate how the plant's condition (stem and leaf condition, flower cluster condition, fruit condition) changes and simulate the yield for each day.

[0066] (Flower bud differentiation, number of fruit set) Here, sink intensity (total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) n )) and source intensity (total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n Focusing on the relationship between the balance of nutrients, internal sugar concentration, flower bud differentiation timing, and fruit set, we cultivated fruit vegetables (tomatoes and strawberries, for example) under various environmental and fertilization management conditions, and experimentally investigated the effects of internal sugar (e.g., glucose, fructose, sucrose) concentration (assuming leaves) on flower bud differentiation and fruit set. In this process, we experimentally investigated the relationship between the above-mentioned balance and internal sugar concentration, and the relationship between internal sugar concentration and flower bud differentiation / fruit set. We then estimated the flower bud differentiation timing and fruit set timing using statistical methods such as estimation formulas (regression equations), and finally calculated the yield of the cultivated fruit vegetables, taking into account the amount of sunlight.

[0067] Furthermore, nitrogen exceeding a certain amount is distributed to the leaves (Equation 7), and the amount of nitrogen distributed to the leaves (ΔN(L)) ni If ) increases, the requirements for photosynthetic products in the leaves (Sink-DW(L) ni ), that is, the consumption of photosynthetic products in the leaves increases (Equations 15-17). In other words, sugar is consumed in the plant (leaves) depending on the amount of total photosynthetic products, but if nitrogen is supplied in excess of a certain amount, the nitrogen content in the plant (leaves) increases, the consumption of sugar (photosynthetic products) in the plant (leaves) progresses, and as a result, the sugar concentration in the plant decreases.

[0068] Furthermore, the cultivation support device 1 will maintain a database of various functions, constants, coefficients, etc., used in each function, derived from experiments and surveys for each type of fruit and vegetable, and will refer to them as needed.

[0069] (floral bud differentiation) Source strength (Total-DW) n ) to X1, sink strength (Total-Sink-DW n If we let X2 be the source intensity and Y be the flower bud differentiation, then flower bud differentiation (Y) can be approximated by the following equation (Equation 29) within a certain range of the balance (aX1-bX2+c) between the source intensity (X1) and the sink intensity (X2).

[0070] Y = aX₁ - bX₂ + c … (29)

[0071] In Equation 29, a, b, and c are constants. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the relationship between sink strength (Total-Sink-DW), source strength (Total-DW), and flower bud differentiation. In Figure 4, the X-axis represents the balance (aX1-bX2+c). In Figure 4, the Y-axis represents flower bud differentiation, and flower bud differentiation occurs when a predetermined value (normalized to "1" in the figure) is reached. X-axis value X a This is the balance value at which the Y value begins to increase. X-axis value X b This is the balance value at which the value of Y reaches 1. Figure 4 is shown by the following equations (Equations 30 to 32).

[0072] y=0 : X <X a … (30) y=(1 / (X b -X a ))X-(X a / X b -X a ) : X a <X<X b … (31) y=1 : X b <X… (32)

[0073] Note that (1 / (X b -X a )) to "a", (X b / (X b -X a If we let )) be "c" and X be "X1-X2", then equation 31 becomes the following equation (equation 33), which is an example of equation 29.

[0074] y = aX1 - aX2 - c… (33)

[0075] Whether or not a flower cluster differentiates is also determined by the accumulated temperature since the differentiation of the previous flower cluster. Therefore, the criteria for determining whether or not a flower cluster differentiates may be, for example, that it differentiates when both of the following two conditions are met. Condition 1: More than 210°C days have passed since the differentiation of the pre-flower cluster. Condition 2: Sink strength (Total Photosynthetic Product Demand (DW)) n )) and source intensity (total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n The balance of (aX1-bX2+c) is X b That's all.

[0076] (Number of fruit set) The number of fruits set is approximated by a regression equation (not shown; see Figure 5) based on the balance (dX1-eX2+f). d, e, and f are constants. Figure 5 shows the sink strength (Total-Sink-DW). n ), Source strength (Total-DW n This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the relationship between the number of fruits set and the number of fruits set. In Figure 5, the X-axis represents the balance (dX1-eX2+f) over a predetermined period. In Figure 5, the Y-axis represents the number of fruits set per flower cluster.

[0077] In other words, the number of fruits per flower cluster is determined (predicted) by the balance (dX1-eX2+f) during a predetermined period after flower cluster differentiation (for example, a period of 140°C days accumulated over 7 consecutive days with an average daily temperature of 20°C).

[0078] Furthermore, the nitrogen requirement (Dmd-N(F)) for each fruit vegetable is determined according to the number of fruits set. nk ), photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(F) nk ) is corrected. For example, in strawberries, if the standard number of fruits per flower cluster is 8, then when the number of fruits is 7, the calculation is 7 / 8 × Dmd - N(F) nk ,7 / 8×Sink-DW(F) nkAfter making the necessary corrections, if the number of fruits is 4, then 4 / 8 × Dmd - N(F) nk ,4 / 8×Sink-DW(F) nk This correction may be made.

[0079] (yield) The yield is calculated based on the number of fruits set (for example, a portion of a predetermined percentage) and the accumulated temperature. In other words, the number of fruits set determined (predicted) as described above is multiplied by a coefficient of less than 1, and the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to each (ΔDW(F)) is calculated. nk The system integrates the temperature (cumulative temperature) with respect to temperature to calculate (predict) the yield of the cultivated fruit and vegetable crops in the future (for example, at a specific harvest time). The cultivation support device 1 displays the calculated yield on the display unit 90. The cultivation support device 1 may also be equipped with a communication unit in place of or in addition to the display unit 90, and may output the yield to other devices (for example, a printer, smartphone, etc.).

[0080] (Appropriate fertilizer application amount calculation unit 80) The appropriate fertilizer application amount calculation unit 80 calculates at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ) and total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n The appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 calculates the amount of fertilizer that increases the yield of cultivated fruit vegetables (fruits) using the following: As mentioned above, the yield of cultivated fruit vegetables depends on the accumulated temperature, the amount of fertilizer applied, and the amount of solar radiation. For example, the amount of fertilizer that maximizes the yield is calculated by fixing the accumulated temperature and solar radiation (without changing the conditions). As an example, a formula for calculating the amount of fertilizer that maximizes the yield (one or more formulas obtained by modifying each of the above formulas) may be prepared, and the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 may input the accumulated temperature and solar radiation, which are both fixed values, into the prepared formula to calculate the amount of fertilizer that maximizes the yield. Alternatively, the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 may sequentially change the value of the fertilizer applied (while inputting fixed values ​​for accumulated temperature and solar radiation) into each of the above formulas to obtain the amount of fertilizer that maximizes the yield. A range (a realistic range) may be set for the calculated amount of fertilizer, and the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 may calculate the amount of fertilizer that maximizes the yield within that range. Furthermore, the appropriate fertilizer application amount calculation unit 80 uses a database (for each type of fertilizer and each type of fruit and vegetable, based on the amount of nitrogen absorbed (N-Abs)). nThe cultivation support device 1 may refer to the database of the relevant product and calculate the amount of fertilizer to be applied for each type of fertilizer. The cultivation support device 1 displays the calculated amount of fertilizer on the display unit 90. In addition, the cultivation support device 1 may be equipped with a communication unit instead of or in addition to the display unit 90 and output the amount of fertilizer to other devices.

[0081] As mentioned above, if the amount of fertilizer (nitrogen) exceeds a certain amount, the internal sugar concentration decreases, which actually reduces the yield. Therefore, the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 calculates the minimum amount of fertilizer necessary to secure the required leaf area.

[0082] Furthermore, the cultivation support device 1 includes a function for displaying the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated (yield calculation unit 70, display unit 90, etc.) and a function for displaying the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated (appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80, display unit 90, etc.). However, the cultivation support device 1 may have only one of the functions: the function for displaying the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated or the function for displaying the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated. Also, a cultivation support device 1 that has the function for displaying the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated (regardless of whether it has the function for displaying the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated) may be called a yield display device (or yield calculation device) 2, and a cultivation support device 1 that has the function for displaying the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated (regardless of whether it has the function for displaying the yield of fruits and vegetables being cultivated) may be called a fertilizer amount display device (or fertilizer amount calculation device) 3.

[0083] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the cultivation support device 1. The cultivation support device 1 (temperature acquisition unit 10, fertilizer amount acquisition unit 20, light reception amount acquisition unit 30) acquires temperature information, fertilizer amount, and solar radiation, and stores them in a storage unit (e.g., a hard disk) (step S1).

[0084] The cultivation support device 1 (photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40) calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(org)) based on temperature information, fertilizer application amount, etc. n(i~l) ), Total Photosynthetic Product Demand (Total-Sink-DW) n ) is calculated and stored in the memory unit (Step S2).

[0085] The cultivation support device 1 (photosynthetic product production amount calculation unit 50) calculates the total photosynthetic product production amount (Total-DW) based on solar radiation, etc. n ) is calculated and stored in the memory unit (step S3).

[0086] The cultivation support device 1 (organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60) calculates the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ), Total photosynthetic product production (DW) n ), Organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements (Sink-DW(org) n(i~l) Based on the above, the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit (ΔDW(F)) nk ) is calculated and stored in the memory unit (step S4).

[0087] The cultivation support device 1 (yield calculation unit 70) calculates the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ), Total photosynthetic product production (DW) n ), the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit (ΔDW(F) nk ), and calculate the yield of the fruit and vegetable crops being cultivated based on the amount of sunlight, etc. (Step S5).

[0088] The cultivation support device 1 (appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80) calculates the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ), Total photosynthetic product production (DW) n ), the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit (ΔDW(F) nk Based on solar radiation, temperature information, etc., the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of the fruit and vegetable crops being cultivated is calculated and stored in the memory unit (Step S6).

[0089] The cultivation support device 1 (display unit 90) displays the yield of the fruit and vegetable being cultivated and the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield, which are stored in the memory unit (step S7). Note that the order of steps S2 and S3 may be reversed.

[0090] (Optimal temperature calculation unit) The cultivation support device 1 may include, in place of or in addition to the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80, an appropriate temperature calculation unit (not shown in Figure 1) that calculates the accumulated temperature to increase the yield of fruit vegetables (fruits) during cultivation. The appropriate temperature calculation unit includes at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ) and total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n The system uses the following to calculate the accumulated temperature that increases the yield of fruits and vegetables during cultivation. As mentioned above, the yield of fruits and vegetables during cultivation depends on the accumulated temperature, fertilizer amount, and solar radiation. For example, the system fixes the fertilizer amount and solar radiation and calculates the accumulated temperature at which the yield is maximized. As an example, the system may prepare an equation for calculating the accumulated temperature that maximizes the yield (one or more equations obtained by modifying the above-mentioned equations), and the appropriate temperature calculation unit may input the fertilizer amount and solar radiation, both of which are fixed values, into the prepared equation to calculate the accumulated temperature at which the yield is maximized. Alternatively, the appropriate temperature calculation unit may sequentially change the value of the accumulated temperature and input it into the above-mentioned equations (while inputting fixed values ​​for fertilizer amount and solar radiation) to obtain the accumulated temperature at which the yield is maximized. The appropriate temperature calculation unit may also calculate a recommended set temperature (recommended set temperature) based on the accumulated temperature calculated as described above. Furthermore, a range (a realistic range) may be set for the calculated cumulative temperature and recommended set temperature, and the appropriate temperature calculation unit may calculate the cumulative temperature and recommended set temperature that maximize yield within that range. The cultivation support device 1 displays the calculated cumulative temperature and recommended set temperature on the display unit 90. Furthermore, the cultivation support device 1 may be equipped with a communication unit instead of or in addition to the display unit 90, and may output the cumulative temperature and recommended set temperature to other devices.

[0091] As described above, the cultivation support device 1 may be equipped with a function (appropriate temperature calculation unit, display unit 90, etc.) that displays the accumulated temperature and recommended set temperature to increase the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation. However, a cultivation support device 1 that has the function of displaying the accumulated temperature and recommended set temperature (regardless of whether it has a function to display the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, a function to display the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, etc.) may be called a temperature display device (or temperature calculation device) 4.

[0092] (Optimal solar radiation calculation unit) The cultivation support device 1 may include, in place of or in addition to the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 and the appropriate temperature calculation unit, an appropriate solar radiation calculation unit (not shown in Figure 1) that calculates the amount of solar radiation that increases the yield of fruit vegetables (fruits) during cultivation. The appropriate solar radiation calculation unit calculates at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW). n ) and total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n The appropriate solar radiation calculation unit calculates the amount of solar radiation that increases the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation. As mentioned above, the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation depends on the accumulated temperature, fertilizer amount, and solar radiation. For example, the accumulated temperature and fertilizer amount are fixed, and the amount of solar radiation that maximizes the yield is calculated. As an example, a formula for calculating the amount of solar radiation that maximizes the yield (one or more formulas obtained by modifying each of the above formulas) may be prepared, and the appropriate solar radiation calculation unit may input the accumulated temperature and fertilizer amount, which are both fixed values, into the prepared formula to calculate the amount of solar radiation at which the yield is maximized. Alternatively, the appropriate solar radiation calculation unit may sequentially change the value of solar radiation and input it into each of the above formulas (while inputting fixed values ​​for accumulated temperature and fertilizer amount) to obtain the amount of solar radiation at which the yield is maximized. Furthermore, the appropriate solar radiation calculation unit may calculate a recommended planting density based on the amount of solar radiation calculated as described above and data for each item and variety (a database showing the relationship between planting density and solar radiation). Furthermore, a range (a realistic range) may be set for the calculated solar radiation and recommended planting density, and the appropriate solar radiation calculation unit may calculate the solar radiation and recommended planting density that maximize yield within that range. The cultivation support device 1 displays the calculated solar radiation and recommended planting density on the display unit 90. In addition, the cultivation support device 1 may be equipped with a communication unit instead of or in addition to the display unit 90, and may output the solar radiation and recommended planting density to other devices.

[0093] As described above, the cultivation support device 1 may be equipped with a function (appropriate solar radiation calculation unit, display unit 90, etc.) that displays the amount of solar radiation and recommended planting density to increase the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation. However, a cultivation support device 1 that has the function of displaying the amount of solar radiation and recommended planting density (regardless of whether it has a function of displaying the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, a function of displaying the amount of fertilizer to increase the yield of fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, etc.) may be called a solar radiation display device (or solar radiation calculation device) 5.

[0094] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram of cultivation support provided by the cultivation support device 1. The "leaf N supply," "stem N supply," "root N supply," and "fruit N supply" shown in Figure 7 are the organ-specific nitrogen requirements (Dmd-N(org)) calculated by the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 (specifically, the organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 41). n(i~l) ) corresponds to the total nitrogen requirement (Total-Dmd-N) calculated by the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 (specifically, the total nitrogen requirement calculation unit 42). The "Total N requirement" shown in Figure 7 is the total nitrogen requirement (Total-Dmd-N) calculated by the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 (specifically, the total nitrogen requirement calculation unit 42). n ) corresponds to the amount of nitrogen absorbed (N-Abs) based on the amount of fertilizer applied. The "nutrient absorption amount" shown in Figure 7 is the amount of nitrogen absorbed (N-Abs). n This corresponds to ).

[0095] The "leaf nitrogen distribution," "stem nitrogen distribution," "root nitrogen distribution," and "fruit nitrogen distribution" shown in Figure 7 are the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amounts (ΔN(org)) calculated by the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 (specifically, the organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43). n(i~l) ) corresponds to the following. The “Leaf C supply,” “Stem C supply,” “Root C supply,” and “Fruit C supply” shown in Figure 7 are the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements (Sink-DW(org)) calculated by the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 (specifically, the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44). n(i~l) The "Total C Requirement (Sink Intensity)" shown in Figure 7 corresponds to the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) calculated by the photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40 (specifically, the total photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 45). n ) corresponds to the total amount of photosynthetic products produced (Total-DW) calculated by the photosynthetic product production calculation unit 50. The "Photosynthetic Product Amount (Source Intensity)" shown in Figure 7 corresponds to the total amount of photosynthetic products produced (Total-DW) calculated by the photosynthetic product production calculation unit 50. n This corresponds to ). Alternatively, as shown in Figure 7, the total amount of photosynthetic products produced may be calculated using CO2 concentration or other factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis.

[0096] The "leaf C distribution," "stem C distribution," "root C distribution," and "fruit C distribution" shown in Figure 7 are the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution amounts (ΔDW(org)) calculated by the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution amount calculation unit 60. n(i~l)The "balance" shown in Figure 7 corresponds to sink intensity (total photosynthetic product demand (Total-Sink-DW)). n )) and source intensity (total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n This is a balance (in this embodiment, a balance based on the difference). The "fruit enlargement / yield" shown in Figure 7 corresponds to the yield etc. calculated by the yield calculation unit 70.

[0097] The "appropriate amount" shown in Figure 7 corresponds to the amount of fertilizer that maximizes yield, calculated by the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80; the accumulated temperature or recommended set temperature that maximizes yield, calculated by the appropriate temperature calculation unit; and the solar radiation or recommended planting density that maximizes yield, calculated by the appropriate solar radiation calculation unit. The dashed line from "appropriate amount" to "fertilizer amount" in Figure 7 shows how the amount of fertilizer calculated by the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 is fed back. The dashed line from "appropriate amount" to "temperature" in Figure 7 shows how the accumulated temperature or recommended set temperature calculated by the appropriate temperature calculation unit is fed back. The dashed line from "appropriate amount" to "solar radiation" in Figure 7 shows how the solar radiation or recommended planting density calculated by the appropriate solar radiation calculation unit is fed back. Note that "solar radiation" is a meteorological factor (physical quantity), and the amount of light received is calculated as the amount of solar radiation received by the leaves. The light that is not received by the leaves falls to the ground and cannot be used for photosynthesis. The sensor measures solar radiation, but the amount of light received is calculated from solar radiation, leaf area index (LAI), and absorption coefficient.

[0098] (Application to systems) The cultivation support device 1 may also be used to control the cultivation environment for fruit and vegetable crops. In other words, as part of cultivation management or environmental management, one or more other devices (machines, systems, mechanisms, facilities) capable of controlling the cultivation environment for fruit and vegetable crops may control the cultivation environment for fruit and vegetable crops based on the appropriate amounts (fertilizer application rate, temperature, solar radiation, CO2 concentration) calculated as described above by the cultivation support device 1.

[0099] (Control of fertilizer application rate) The cultivation support device 1 supplies the amount of fertilizer calculated by the appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80 to the device (machine, mechanism, facility, system) that performs fertilization (transmitted via a network, input / output via a medium), and the device that performs fertilization may perform fertilization based on the amount of fertilizer supplied from the cultivation support device 1. The device that performs fertilization may be called a fertilizer spreader, or it may be a robot that automatically supplies nutrient solution, etc.

[0100] (Temperature control) The cultivation support device 1 supplies the temperature calculated by the appropriate temperature calculation unit (e.g., recommended set temperature) to a temperature-adjustable device (machine, mechanism, facility, system) (transmitted via a network, input / output via a medium), and the temperature-adjustable device may adjust the temperature based on the temperature supplied from the cultivation support device 1. The temperature-adjustable device may be a heater, an air conditioner, or a device that controls a configuration that can control contact / blocking of outside air (windows, ceilings, curtains, etc. that can be opened and closed).

[0101] (Control of solar radiation) The cultivation support device 1 supplies the temperature (e.g., solar radiation) calculated by the appropriate solar radiation calculation unit to a device (machine, mechanism, facility, system) capable of adjusting solar radiation (transmitted via a network, input / output via a medium), and the device capable of adjusting solar radiation may adjust the solar radiation based on the solar radiation supplied from the cultivation support device 1. The device capable of adjusting solar radiation may also be a device that controls a configuration capable of adjusting solar radiation (windows, ceilings, curtains, etc., that can be opened and closed).

[0102] Furthermore, since the appropriate amounts (fertilizer amount, temperature, and solar radiation) output by the cultivation support device 1 can be considered cultivation support information that assists in the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops, the cultivation support device 1 may also be referred to as the cultivation support information calculation device 6.

[0103] (Supplementary explanation related to this embodiment) In recent years, research and development of growth models for predicting yields has been actively pursued. These models predict yields from environmental information and are used to formulate shipping and work plans. They also compare predicted yields with actual yields, analyze the factors causing the difference, and utilize this information for cultivation management.

[0104] In the production of fruit and vegetable crops, it is considered important to maintain an appropriate balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth (so-called plant vigor) throughout the cultivation period. When plant vigor is strong (vegetative growth is strong), characterized by dense foliage and thick stems, it can lead to delayed flower bud differentiation, suppressed fruit enlargement, and a decline in appearance quality (occurrence of damaged fruit), resulting in reduced yield. On the other hand, when plant vigor is weak (reproductive growth is strong), characterized by small leaf area and thin stem diameter, it can also lead to delayed flowering, fruit drop, reduced fruit set, suppressed fruit enlargement, and stunted growth, resulting in reduced yield. As shown in this embodiment, the ability to supply photosynthetic products is also called source strength (photosynthesis rate), and the ability to receive photosynthetic products is also called sink strength (growth rate). If source strength continues to exceed sink strength, vegetative growth becomes strong. If sink strength continues to exceed source strength, reproductive growth becomes strong. To maintain a balance between vegetative and reproductive growth and optimize the distribution of photosynthetic products, it is considered important to maintain an appropriate balance between source strength and sink strength.

[0105] In recent years, weather conditions that differ significantly from average years, such as insufficient sunlight, high temperatures, and low temperatures, have become frequent. As a result, the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth in crops has fallen outside the appropriate range, leading to many cases of decreased growth and yield. Therefore, there is a strong demand in agricultural production for the development of models (systems) to maintain an appropriate balance between vegetative and reproductive growth.

[0106] Generally, crop growth is greatly influenced by nutrient supply, so it is necessary to establish a model that takes nutrient supply into account.

[0107] Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating experiments conducted before arriving at the configuration of the cultivation support device 1. The inventor cultivated tomatoes in two nutrient solutions with different concentrations (standard concentration and high concentration) and compared the dry matter content of each organ (leaves, stems, and fruits) in each case. Figure 8(A) compares the dry matter content of each organ in tomatoes cultivated at the standard concentration with the dry matter content of tomatoes cultivated at the high concentration over different periods. As shown in Figure 8(A), even with the high concentration nutrient solution, the dry matter weight of the stems and leaves increased, but the dry matter weight of the fruits did not. In response to the results in Figure 8(A), the inventor also measured the nitrogen content in each. Figure 8(B) compares the amount of nitrogen, etc., contained in the dry matter content of each organ in tomatoes cultivated at the standard concentration with the amount of nitrogen, etc., contained in the dry matter content of tomatoes cultivated at the high concentration over different periods. In Figure 8(B), the values ​​without parentheses represent nitrogen amount (accumulated amount), and the values ​​with parentheses represent nitrogen content (N content). As Figure 8(B) shows, when cultivated in a high-concentration culture solution, there was almost no change in nitrogen content in any organ, but an increase in nitrogen amount was observed in the stems and leaves (i.e., an increase in nitrogen distribution to the stems and leaves was confirmed). Note that the dry matter amount depends more on the amount of photosynthetic products than on the amount of nitrogen.

[0108] Based on the above experimental results, the inventor devised a model that incorporates a configuration in which the distribution of photosynthetic products (C) to each organ is influenced by the distribution of nitrogen (N) to each organ. Specifically, this corresponds to the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44, the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60, etc. In other words, the organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60 calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(org)) calculated by the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44. n(i~l) Using ) the organ-specific photosynthetic product allocation (ΔDW(org) n(i~l) The organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44 calculates the organ-specific nitrogen distribution (ΔN(org) n(i~l) ) is used to calculate organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements (Sink-DW(org) n(i~l) ) is being calculated.

[0109] Furthermore, the inventor introduced a mechanism to estimate the timing of flower bud differentiation and the number of fruits per flower cluster. The distribution of photosynthetic products is greatly influenced by flowering and the number of fruits per flower cluster. Flower bud differentiation and the number of fruits are considered to be deeply related to the amount of photosynthesis and the sugar concentration in the plant. The inventor focused on the relationship between "source strength / sink strength" and the sugar concentration in the plant, and incorporated a mechanism into the model to estimate the timing of flower bud differentiation and the number of fruits from "source strength / sink strength". As a result, it became possible to explain the delay in flowering and the decrease in the number of fruits when vegetative growth is strong.

[0110] It should be noted that conventional models either simulate the effects of weather conditions on vegetative and reproductive growth, or, even when considering the effects of nutrients, calculate the distribution of photosynthetic products and nutrients independently. Therefore, it is difficult for conventional models to explain (simulate) the experimental results mentioned above.

[0111] The embodiments have been described above, but the configuration of the equipment, the data configuration, the processing flow, the display and output methods, etc., can be changed as appropriate.

[0112] For example, in the above embodiment, it was explained that the cultivation support device 1 stores various databases within itself and appropriately refers to the various databases stored within itself. However, the various databases may be stored in other devices (other devices that the cultivation support device 1 can access), and the cultivation support device 1 may appropriately access other devices to refer to the various databases.

[0113] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the cultivation support device 1 is sink strength (total photosynthetic product demand (Total-Sink-DW) n )) and source intensity (total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW) n While an example using the difference between sink strength and source strength was explained as a balance between the two, the ratio of sink strength to source strength may be used instead of, or in addition to, the difference. Any mathematical formula that shows the balance between sink strength and source strength is acceptable.

[0114] As described above, the embodiments can suitably support the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops.

[0115] Furthermore, in the embodiment, programs for realizing the functions of each device (cultivation support device 1, yield display device 2, fertilizer application amount display device 3, temperature display device 4, solar radiation display device 5, cultivation support information calculation device 6, etc.) may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the processing of each of the above devices may be performed by loading the program recorded on this recording medium into a computer system and executing it. Here, "loading the program recorded on the recording medium into a computer system and executing it" includes installing the program into the computer system. Here, "computer system" includes hardware such as the OS and peripheral devices. Also, "computer system" may include multiple computer devices connected via a network including communication lines such as the Internet, WAN, LAN, and dedicated lines. Also, "computer-readable recording medium" refers to portable media such as flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, ROMs, CD-ROMs, and storage devices such as hard disks built into the computer system. Thus, the recording medium storing the program may be a non-transient recording medium such as a CD-ROM. Also, the recording medium includes internal or external recording media that can be accessed from a distribution server for distributing the program. The program code stored on the distribution server's recording medium may be different from the program code in an executable format on the terminal device. In other words, as long as it can be downloaded from the distribution server and installed in an executable format on the terminal device, the format in which it is stored on the distribution server is irrelevant. Furthermore, the program may be divided into multiple parts, downloaded at different times and then combined on the terminal device, and each of the divided programs may be distributed by a different distribution server. In addition, "computer-readable recording medium" includes volatile memory (RAM) within computer systems that act as servers or clients when a program is transmitted over a network, which retains the program for a certain period of time. Moreover, the above program may be intended to implement only a part of the functions described above.Furthermore, the above-mentioned functions may be realized in combination with programs already recorded in the computer system, such as so-called differential files (differential programs).

[0116] The configuration described in the above embodiment includes at least the following configurations.

[0117] (1) A cultivation support device (cultivation support device 1, etc.) that supports the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops, comprising: a temperature acquisition means (temperature acquisition unit 10, etc.) for acquiring temperature information; a fertilizer amount acquisition means (fertilizer amount acquisition unit 20, etc.) for acquiring the amount of fertilizer applied to the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation; a light reception amount acquisition means (light reception amount acquisition unit 30, etc.) for acquiring the amount of solar radiation irradiated onto the fruit and vegetable crops (e.g., leaves) during cultivation, i.e., the amount of light received by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation; and a total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW / sink strength) which is the amount of photosynthetic products required by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, based on at least the temperature information and the amount of fertilizer applied. A cultivation support device comprising: a photosynthetic product requirement calculation means (photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 40, etc.) for calculating ); a photosynthetic product production amount calculation means (photosynthetic product production amount calculation unit 50, etc.) for calculating the total amount of photosynthetic products produced by the cultivated fruit and vegetable crops, which is the amount of photosynthetic products produced by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, based on at least the amount of light received; and a yield calculation means (yield calculation unit 70, etc.) for calculating the yield of the cultivated fruit and vegetable crops using at least the total amount of photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) and the total amount of photosynthetic product production (Total-DW).

[0118] (2) The photosynthetic product requirement calculation means includes an organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation means (organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 41, etc.) that calculates the nitrogen requirement for each organ (leaf L, stem S, fruit F, root R) of the fruit vegetable being cultivated, which is the nitrogen requirement for each organ (leaf L, stem S, fruit F, root R), based on the temperature information (for example, formula 1), and a total nitrogen requirement calculation means (organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 41, etc.) that calculates the total nitrogen requirement (Total-Dmd-N), which is the nitrogen requirement for the entire fruit vegetable being cultivated (a single crop) from at least the organ-specific nitrogen requirement (Dmd-N(org)) (for example, formula 2). A nitrogen requirement calculation means (total nitrogen requirement calculation unit 42, etc.) and an organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation means (organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 43, etc.) that calculates the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount (ΔN(org)), which is the amount of nitrogen distributed to each organ, based on at least the organ-specific nitrogen requirement (Dmd-N(org)), the total nitrogen requirement (Total-Dmd-N), and the amount of nitrogen absorbed based on the amount of fertilizer applied (for example, equations 3 to 11), and at least the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount (ΔN(org)) and the minimum amount of nitrogen distributed to each organ (ΔN(org)) min ) and the maximum nitrogen distribution amount for each organ (ΔN(org) max The system includes: an organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation means (organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 44, etc.) that calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(org)), which is the required amount of photosynthetic products for each organ, based on (for example, equations 12 to 17); and a total photosynthetic product requirement calculation means (total photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 45, etc.) that calculates the required amount of photosynthetic products for the entire crop (a single crop) under cultivation as the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) from at least the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(org)) (for example, equation 18), and the nitrogen allocation amount (ΔN(F)) for the fruit has an upper limit (ΔN(F) max A mechanism is provided, and the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount calculation means (organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount calculation unit 43, etc.) redistributes nitrogen exceeding the upper limit of nitrogen distribution amount to the fruit (EX-N(F)) to organs other than the fruit (e.g., leaves L, stem S), and the nitrogen distribution amount to the fruit (ΔN(F)) is equal to the upper limit of nitrogen distribution amount to the fruit (ΔN(F)). max The cultivation support device according to (1), characterized in that it calculates the nitrogen distribution amount (ΔN(org)) for each organ so as not to exceed (for example, equations 3 to 11).

[0119] (3) The system further includes organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation means (organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 60, etc.) that calculates organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution (ΔDW(org)), which is the amount of photosynthetic products distributed to each organ, based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW), the total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW), and the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement (Sink-DW(org)) (for example, equations 20 to 28), and the photosynthetic product distribution to the fruit (ΔDW(F)) has an upper limit (ΔDW(F) Lim A means for calculating the distribution amount of photosynthetic products by organ (organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution amount calculation unit 60, etc.) is provided, and the amount of photosynthetic products exceeding the upper limit of the distribution amount of photosynthetic products to the fruit (EX-DW(F)) is redistributed to organs other than the fruit (for example, leaves L, stem S, root R), and the distribution amount of photosynthetic products to the fruit (ΔDW(F)) is equal to the upper limit of the distribution amount of photosynthetic products to the fruit (ΔDW(F)) Lim The cultivation support device according to (2), characterized in that the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to each organ (ΔDW(org)) is calculated so as not to exceed (for example, equations 20 to 28), and the yield calculation means (yield calculation unit 70, etc.) calculates the yield of the fruit vegetables being cultivated (for example, equations 29 to 33) based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW), the total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW), the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit (ΔDW(F)), and the amount of light received.

[0120] (4) The means for calculating the amount of photosynthetic product production includes at least the light utilization efficiency (g-DW / MJ) and the total solar radiation (MJ / m 2 ) and the number of plants planted (plants / m 2 A cultivation support device according to any one of (1) to (3), characterized in that it calculates the total amount of photosynthetic products produced (Total-DW) based on (for example, formula 19).

[0121] (5) A cultivation support device according to any one of (1) to (4), further comprising a fertilizer amount suggestion means (appropriate fertilizer amount calculation unit 80, display unit 90, etc.) that suggests a fertilizer amount to increase the yield of the fruit and vegetable crops being cultivated, using at least the total photosynthetic product requirement (Total-Sink-DW) and the total photosynthetic product production (Total-DW).

[0122] (6) Programs for cultivation support devices (1) to (5). (7) A cultivation support system including the cultivation support devices described in (1) to (5). (8) A cultivation support method using the cultivation support device described in (1) to (5), or the cultivation support system described in (7). [Explanation of Symbols]

[0123] 1...Cultivation support device 10...Temperature acquisition unit 20…Fertilization amount acquisition department 30…Received light amount acquisition section 40... Photosynthesis Product Requirement Calculation Unit 41... Organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation unit 42...Total Nitrogen Requirement Calculation Unit 43... Organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation unit 44... Organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 45...Total photosynthetic product requirement calculation unit 50…Photosynthesis Product Production Calculation Unit 60... Organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation unit 70...Yield calculation unit 80... Calculation unit for appropriate fertilizer application amount 90...Display section

Claims

1. A cultivation support device that assists in the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops, A means for obtaining the accumulated temperature, A means for obtaining the amount of fertilizer applied to fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, A means for acquiring the amount of light received by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, An organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation means that calculates the organ-specific nitrogen requirement, which is the amount of nitrogen required by each organ of the fruit and vegetable being cultivated, based on the cumulative temperature, A total nitrogen requirement calculation means for calculating the total nitrogen requirement, which is the nitrogen requirement of a single fruit and vegetable plant being cultivated, from the nitrogen requirements of each organ, An organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation means calculates the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount, which is the amount of nitrogen distributed to each organ, based on the organ-specific nitrogen requirements, the total nitrogen requirements, and the amount of nitrogen absorbed based on the fertilizer application amount. An organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation means calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement, which is the required amount of photosynthetic products for each organ, based on the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount, the organ-specific minimum nitrogen distribution amount, and the organ-specific maximum nitrogen distribution amount. A total photosynthetic product requirement calculation means for calculating the total photosynthetic product requirement, which is the amount of photosynthetic product required by a single fruit and vegetable plant during cultivation, from the aforementioned organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements, A photosynthetic product production calculation means that calculates the total photosynthetic product production, which is the amount of photosynthetic products produced by the fruit and vegetable crops being cultivated, based on at least the amount of light received, A means for calculating the amount of photosynthetic product distribution for each organ, which is the amount of photosynthetic product distribution for each organ, based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement, the total photosynthetic product production, and the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement. A yield calculation means for calculating the yield of the cultivated fruit vegetables based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement, the total photosynthetic product production, the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit, and the amount of light received. A cultivation support device characterized by being equipped with the following features.

2. An upper limit is set on the amount of nitrogen allocated to the fruit, The organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation means is: The nitrogen distribution amounts for each organ are calculated so that an amount of nitrogen exceeding the upper limit for nitrogen distribution to the fruit is redistributed to organs other than the fruit, and the amount of nitrogen distributed to the fruit does not exceed the upper limit for nitrogen distribution to the fruit. The cultivation support device according to feature 1.

3. An upper limit is set on the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit, The organ-specific photosynthetic product distribution calculation means is The amount of photosynthetic products allocated to each organ is calculated so that an amount of photosynthetic products exceeding the upper limit for the allocation of photosynthetic products to the fruit is redistributed to organs other than the fruit, and the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit does not exceed the upper limit for the allocation of photosynthetic products to the fruit. A cultivation support device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The photosynthetic product production amount calculation means is The total amount of photosynthetic products produced is calculated based on at least the light utilization efficiency, the total solar radiation, and the number of plants planted. A cultivation support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A fertilizer application amount suggestion means that uses at least the total photosynthetic product requirement and the total photosynthetic product production to suggest a fertilizer application amount that will increase the yield of the fruit and vegetable crops being cultivated. A cultivation support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising the following:

6. This is a cultivation support program that assists in the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops. Computers, A means for obtaining the accumulated temperature, A means for obtaining the amount of fertilizer applied to fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, A means for acquiring the amount of light received by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, An organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation means that calculates the organ-specific nitrogen requirement, which is the amount of nitrogen required by each organ of the fruit and vegetable being cultivated, based on the cumulative temperature, A total nitrogen requirement calculation means for calculating the total nitrogen requirement, which is the nitrogen requirement of a single fruit and vegetable plant being cultivated, from the nitrogen requirements of each organ, An organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation means calculates the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount, which is the amount of nitrogen distributed to each organ, based on the organ-specific nitrogen requirements, the total nitrogen requirements, and the amount of nitrogen absorbed based on the fertilizer application amount. An organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation means calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement, which is the required amount of photosynthetic products for each organ, based on the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount, the organ-specific minimum nitrogen distribution amount, and the organ-specific maximum nitrogen distribution amount. A total photosynthetic product requirement calculation means for calculating the total photosynthetic product requirement, which is the amount of photosynthetic product required by a single fruit and vegetable plant during cultivation, from the aforementioned organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements, A photosynthetic product production calculation means that calculates the total photosynthetic product production, which is the amount of photosynthetic products produced by the fruit and vegetable crops being cultivated, based on at least the amount of light received, A means for calculating the amount of photosynthetic product distribution for each organ, which is the amount of photosynthetic product distribution for each organ, based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement, the total photosynthetic product production, and the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement. Yield calculation means for calculating the yield of the cultivated fruit and vegetable crop based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement, the total photosynthetic product production, the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit, and the amount of light received. A program characterized by being designed to function as such.

7. A cultivation support system that assists in the cultivation of fruit and vegetable crops, A means for obtaining the accumulated temperature, A means for obtaining the amount of fertilizer applied to fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, A means for acquiring the amount of light received by the fruit and vegetable crops during cultivation, An organ-specific nitrogen requirement calculation means that calculates the organ-specific nitrogen requirement, which is the amount of nitrogen required by each organ of the fruit and vegetable being cultivated, based on the cumulative temperature, A total nitrogen requirement calculation means for calculating the total nitrogen requirement, which is the nitrogen requirement of a single fruit and vegetable plant being cultivated, from the nitrogen requirements of each organ, An organ-specific nitrogen distribution calculation means calculates the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount, which is the amount of nitrogen distributed to each organ, based on the organ-specific nitrogen requirements, the total nitrogen requirements, and the amount of nitrogen absorbed based on the fertilizer application amount. An organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement calculation means calculates the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement, which is the required amount of photosynthetic products for each organ, based on the organ-specific nitrogen distribution amount, the organ-specific minimum nitrogen distribution amount, and the organ-specific maximum nitrogen distribution amount. A total photosynthetic product requirement calculation means for calculating the total photosynthetic product requirement, which is the amount of photosynthetic product required by a single fruit and vegetable plant during cultivation, from the aforementioned organ-specific photosynthetic product requirements, A photosynthetic product production calculation means that calculates the total photosynthetic product production, which is the amount of photosynthetic products produced by the fruit and vegetable crops being cultivated, based on at least the amount of light received, A means for calculating the amount of photosynthetic product distribution for each organ, which is the amount of photosynthetic product distribution for each organ, based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement, the total photosynthetic product production, and the organ-specific photosynthetic product requirement. A yield calculation means for calculating the yield of the cultivated fruit vegetables based on at least the total photosynthetic product requirement, the total photosynthetic product production, the amount of photosynthetic products allocated to the fruit, and the amount of light received. A cultivation support system characterized by having the following features.

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