Power devices

Abstract

To provide a power device that does not require a control circuit for controlling power and has high energy utilization efficiency.SOLUTION: A power device 100 includes a solar cell layer PV including at least one solar cell, and a storage battery layer BT provided on the opposite side of a light-receiving surface of the solar cell layer and including at least one storage battery. A conductive substrate 201 is provided between the solar cell layer PV and the storage battery layer BT, the conductive substrate serving as a common electrode for the solar cell layer PV and the storage battery layer BT. A voltage ratio of the nominal voltage of the storage battery layer BT to the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer PV is 0.58 to 0.84.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power device.

Background Art

[0002] Solar cells are difficult to generate electricity due to adverse weather conditions or shadows, or are difficult to generate electricity at night. For this reason, when used as a stable power source, it is used in cooperation with a power storage system. Patent Documents 1 to 3 describe technologies for integrating a solar cell and a storage battery as a module.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

Patent Document 1

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the technology described in Patent Document 1, the wiring becomes complicated when connecting the solar cell and the storage battery, and the number of components increases, resulting in high costs. In addition, Patent Document 2 describes a technology for laminating a storage battery on the same substrate as the solar cell. However, it is necessary to provide through holes for wiring and a circuit for controlling power on the substrate, and the structure still remains complicated. Patent Document 3 describes a structure in which a solar cell and a storage battery use a conductive substrate as a common electrode. However, even in the device described in Patent Document 3, simply integrating the solar cell and the storage battery ​Because it is simply a basic structure, it is necessary to install a separate external circuit to control the power. The device size will increase.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention does not require a control circuit for controlling power, and improves energy utilization efficiency. The objective is to provide high-power devices. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A power device according to one aspect of this disclosure includes a solar cell layer comprising at least one solar cell and A battery layer provided on the side of the solar cell layer opposite to the light-receiving surface, and containing at least one battery. A power device comprising the solar cell layer and the battery layer, wherein between the solar cell layer and the battery layer, The battery layer is equipped with a conductive substrate that serves as a common electrode with the battery layer, and the battery is provided with respect to the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer. The voltage ratio, which is the ratio of the nominal voltages of the layers, is between 0.58 and 0.84. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, a control circuit for controlling power is not required, and the energy utilization efficiency is We can provide high-power devices. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view of the power device according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view of another power device according to this embodiment. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view of another power device according to this embodiment. [Figure 4] This is a cross-sectional view of another power device according to this embodiment. [Figure 5] This figure shows the power coupling efficiency according to the charge state and voltage coupling ratio of the storage battery under standard test conditions for solar cells. [Figure 6A] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the state of charge of the storage battery and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 6B] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the state of charge of the storage battery and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 6C] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the state of charge of the storage battery and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 6D] [[ID=!0]]It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the state of charge of the storage battery and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the resistance value of the load and the voltage coupling ratio under the standard test conditions of the solar cell. [Figure 8A] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the resistance value of the load and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 8B] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the resistance value of the load and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 8C] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the resistance value of the load and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 8D] It is a diagram showing the power coupling efficiency according to the resistance value of the load and the voltage coupling ratio based on the actual environment data. [Figure 9] It is a diagram showing the average charging current density of the storage battery according to the solar irradiance ratio and the voltage coupling ratio under the standard test conditions of the solar cell excluding the solar irradiance.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Referring to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. In each figure Those with the same reference numerals have the same or similar configurations.

[0010] Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the power device 100 according to this embodiment. 00 has a solar cell layer PV, a conductive substrate 201, and a battery layer BT. Solar cell layer P V has solar cells 101 and 102. The battery layer BT has a battery 301. The storage battery 301 is provided on the side of the solar cell layer opposite to the light-receiving surface.

[0011] In the power device 100, the solar cells 101 and 102 receive light from the electrode 103 side. It generates electricity. The storage battery 301 is charged by the generated electricity. The power device 100 is For example, in bad weather, shade, or at night, power generation by solar cells 101 and 102 does not occur. In this case, power is supplied from the battery 301 to an external load.

[0012] Solar cell 101 consists of a transparent conductive film 1011, an electron transport layer 1012, and a perovskite light absorber. This is a perovskite solar cell having layer 1013 and hole transport layer 1014. The transmission layer 1012 is a layer formed by an n-type semiconductor. Perovskite light absorption layer 101 3 is a light-absorbing layer formed by a semiconductor having a perovskite structure, and the material is For example, materials having a perovskite structure such as (Cs,FA)PbI3 Various materials can be used. The hole transport layer 1014 is formed of a p-type semiconductor. This is the layer. In this embodiment, the band gap of the solar cell 101 is approximately 1.55 eV. .

[0013] Solar cell 102 consists of a transparent conductive film 1021, an electron transport layer 1022, and a chalcopyrite light absorber. This is a chalcopyrite solar cell having an aberration layer 1023 and a hole transport layer 1024. The child transport layer 1022 is a layer formed by an n-type semiconductor, and is a chalcopyrite light absorption layer. 1023 is a light-absorbing layer having a chalcopyrite structure, and the material is, for example, Cu( Various materials, including those with a chalcopyrite structure such as In,Ga)(Se,S)2. The following materials can be used. The hole transport layer 1024 is a layer formed by a p-type semiconductor. In this embodiment, the band gap of the solar cell 102 is approximately 1.01 eV.

[0014] Solar cell 101 and solar cell 102 use different wavelengths of light for power generation, By connecting 101 and solar cell 102 in series, more efficient power generation becomes possible.

[0015] The electrode 103 is placed, for example, on the solar cell 101 and draws electricity from the solar cell 101. It is an electrode provided for emission. Electrode 103 is a negative electrode. Electrode 103 is a conductive material. For example, metal materials, alloy materials, or transparent conductive materials can be used. Solar cell 101 and solar cell 102 are connected in series via a transparent conductive film 1021. The electricity generated by the solar cell 102 is extracted from the electrode 103 via the solar cell 101. .

[0016] The conductive substrate 201 is provided between the solar cell 102 and the storage battery 301, and the solar cell 10 2 is a component that functions as a common electrode between the battery 301 and the conductive substrate 201. It is an electrode. The conductive substrate 201 is, for example, a metal foil. Alternatively, the conductive substrate 201 The conductive substrate 20 Even if 1 is a component formed by bonding together multiple conductive substrates (or metal foils, etc.) Good. Also, the solar cell layer PV and the battery layer BT share a common electrode with a portion of the conductive substrate 201. They may be used in this way, and the areas of the solar cell layer (PV) and the battery layer (BT) may be different. Furthermore, solar cell 102 and solar cell 101 are connected in series via a transparent conductive film 1021. The electricity generated by the solar cell 101 is transmitted to the conductive substrate 201 via the solar cell 102. They are then taken out.

[0017] The battery 301 is installed on the side of the solar cells 101 and 102 opposite to the light-receiving surface. 301 is a positive electrode layer (positive electrode composite layer) 3011 connected to a conductive substrate 201, and an electrolyte layer 30 12. The battery 301 has a negative electrode layer (negative electrode composite layer) 3013 and an electrode 302. If so, it is an all-solid-state magnesium-ion battery or an all-solid-state sodium-ion battery. Electrode 302 This is the negative electrode. The storage battery 301 shares its positive electrode with the solar cells 101 and 102, and electrode 302 It is connected to electrode 103 through. Power device 100 has one battery in battery layer BT Although 301 is used, the battery layer BT may be composed of multiple batteries.

[0018] In power device 100, the solar cell layer PV is a silicon solar cell, chalcopyrite thick Solar cells, kestelite solar cells, cadmium telluride solar cells, or perovskite solar cells The battery may include a positive cell or a combination of these cells.

[0019] Furthermore, in a photovoltaic (PV) solar cell layer, multiple solar cells may be connected in series. Figure 2 shows the power device 100A when connected in series. Power device 100A The solar cell layer PV has solar cells 101, 101A, and 101B. Solar cell 10 1A and 101B are the transparent conductive films 1011A and 1011B, and the electron transport layer 1012, respectively. A, 1012B, perovskite light absorption layer 1013A, 1013B, and hole transport layer 1 This is a perovskite solar cell having 014A and 1014B. Also, solar cell 101A ,101B contains electrodes 103A, 103B and conductive substrates 201A, 201B respectively It is provided. The solar cell 101A is provided through the electrode 103 and the conductive substrate 201A. It is connected in series with 101. Solar cell 101B has electrodes 103A and conductive substrate 201B. It is connected in series with solar cell 101 and solar cell 101A. The conductive substrates 201A and 201B are insulated by the insulator 401. As shown in Figure 1, the pond layer PV consists of a structure in which solar cells 101 and 102 are stacked, and multiple It may also be a structure in which sets of numbers are connected in series.

[0020] In power device 100 and power device 100A, the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer PV is This is the sum of the open-circuit voltages of multiple solar cells. Here, open-circuit voltage refers to the voltage of a solar cell. This is the voltage across the positive and negative terminals of a solar cell when they are open-circuited under standard test conditions.

[0021] In power device 100 and power device 100A, the battery layer BT is an all-solid-state battery. This may include semi-solid batteries or storage batteries that combine these. All-solid-state batteries or semi-solid batteries Body batteries include proton batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and potassium-ion batteries. Batteries, magnesium ion batteries, copper ion batteries, or silver ion batteries, or combinations thereof Combinations may be included.

[0022] In the battery layer BT, multiple batteries are connected in series, as shown in the power device 100B in Figure 3. It may be continued. In power device 100B, the battery layer BT is battery 301 and battery The battery has a positive electrode layer (positive electrode composite layer) 303 connected to the electrode 302. 1. It has an electrolyte layer 3032, a negative electrode layer (negative electrode composite layer) 3033, and an electrode 304. 304 is the negative electrode. At this time, the nominal voltage of the battery layer BT is the same for each of the multiple batteries. This is the sum of the nominal voltages. Here, nominal voltage is the voltage when discharged under general conditions. This is the average operating voltage, and under typical conditions, it is measured at 25°C with a discharge rate of 1C and a fully charged state. This shows the conditions for discharge from the initial state to the discharge termination state.

[0023] Furthermore, in the battery layer BT, multiple batteries are arranged as shown in the power device 100C in Figure 4. They may be connected in parallel. In power device 100C, the battery layer BT is connected to the battery 301 and It has a storage battery 303. The storage battery 303 has a negative electrode layer (negative electrode composite layer) connected to the electrode 302. The electrode comprises 3033, an electrolyte layer 3032, a positive electrode layer (positive electrode composite layer) 3031, and an electrode 304. Electrode 304 is the positive electrode. At this time, the nominal voltage of the battery layer BT is the same as that of multiple batteries. These are the average values ​​of their respective nominal voltages.

[0024] In the power device 100, the type of solar cell used in the solar cell layer PV and the connection are changed. The open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer PV can be set. Furthermore, in the power device 100, The nominal voltage of the battery layer BT is set by changing the type of battery used and its connection in the battery layer BT. This is possible. More specifically, the light-absorbing layer material of a solar cell can be made from a material with a wide bandgap. By changing the material, the open-circuit voltage can be increased. For example, in perovskite solar cells... This involves using a material in which iodine is partially replaced with bromine, and in chalcopyrite solar cells, Materials in which zinc is partially substituted with gallium, and materials in which selenium is partially substituted with sulfur are used. This allows for a wider band gap. Furthermore, by increasing the number of solar cells in series... This allows for a higher open-circuit voltage. Furthermore, the type of battery can be changed to a sodium-ion battery or a multi-cell battery. Switching from magnesium-ion batteries to proton batteries, copper-ion batteries, or silver-ion batteries. Therefore, by lowering the nominal voltage and changing to lithium-ion batteries or potassium-ion batteries, the nominal The voltage can be increased. Furthermore, in each rechargeable battery, the positive electrode material is an oxide material. By using a specific material, the nominal voltage can be increased, while by using a sulfide material, the nominal voltage can be decreased. Furthermore, by using a pure metal or carbon as the negative electrode material, the nominal voltage can be increased, and oxide materials or sulfur can be used. By using synthetic materials, the nominal voltage can be lowered. Also, the number of batteries in series can be increased. This allows for a higher nominal voltage.

[0025] The open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer PV composed of solar cells 101 and 102, and the storage cell layer B The relationship with the nominal voltage of T will be explained. In power device 100, the solar cell layer PV is open. The voltage ratio (voltage coupling ratio), which is the ratio of the voltage to the nominal voltage of the battery layer (battery 301), is It is said to be between 0.58 and 0.84.

[0026] Solar cell layer in power device 100, composed of solar cells 101 and 102 The open-circuit voltage of the PV is approximately 1.81V. Furthermore, the storage battery 301 is made of all-solid magnesium ions. In the case of a battery, the nominal voltage of the battery layer BT is approximately 1.15V. In this case, the voltage coupling... The ratio is 0.64. If the storage battery 301 is an all-solid-state sodium-ion battery, the storage layer The nominal voltage of the battery is approximately 1.48V. In this case, the voltage coupling ratio is 0.82. Thus, in the power device 100, the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer PV and the storage battery layer BT The voltage coupling ratio in the power device 100 is set by setting the nominal voltage. It is possible.

[0027] The solar cells and batteries used in the solar cell layer (PV) and battery layer (BT) are different from the example shown in Figure 1. Other combinations are also possible. For example, lithium-ion batteries with a relatively high nominal voltage. When potassium-ion batteries are used in the battery layer BT, the solar cells 101 and 102 are in tandem Three sets of connected solar cells are connected in series to form a solar cell layer (PV), and one battery cell (BT) is used for the storage cell layer. It is composed of lithium-ion batteries and potassium-ion batteries and has an appropriate voltage coupling ratio. It can be adjusted to that. Also, proton batteries and copper-ion batteries, which have relatively low nominal voltages, Alternatively, when a silver-ion battery is used as the battery layer, the solar cells 101 and 102 are connected in tandem. By installing one solar cell, the solar cell layer PV is formed, and the battery layer BT consists of 2 cells or 3 cells. By connecting these batteries in series, the voltage coupling ratio can be appropriately adjusted.

[0028] <Example 1> Example 1 will be described with reference to Figures 5, 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D. This refers to the standard test conditions (ST) for solar cells. In C), the voltage coupling ratio of the power device 100 and the charge state of the battery layer BT Numerical simulation results of the power coupling efficiency are shown. The standard test conditions are: Air Mass (AM) is 1.5, temperature is 25°C, and solar radiation intensity is 1k. W / m 2 This is the state in which the solar cell operates. Furthermore, power coupling efficiency refers to the optimal operating point of the solar cell. It is defined as the ratio of the power supplied to the battery and external loads to the power generated.

[0029] The results shown in Figure 5 indicate that under standard test conditions for the solar cell, an external power device 100 is supplied to the power device 100. In a scenario where no load is connected and all the power generated by the solar cell layer (PV) is supplied to the battery layer (BT), This is the result of the combination.

[0030] As shown in Figure 5, when the voltage coupling ratio is between 0.58 and 0.84, Under various charging conditions, the power coupling efficiency is generally 80% or higher. The voltage coupling ratio at which the force coupling efficiency is approximately 80% or higher is shown in Figure 6. By taking the average of the coupling ratios, the voltage coupling ratio is between 0.58 and 0.82. It may be located there.

[0031] Furthermore, when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.63 to 0.79, the power coupling efficiency is It is generally over 90%. For example, when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.63, each charge The average power coupling efficiency in the electrical state is 90%, and the voltage coupling ratio is 0 The average power coupling efficiency in each charging state when the value is 0.79 is 91%.

[0032] Furthermore, when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.68 to 0.74, the power coupling efficiency The percentage is generally 95% or higher. For example, when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.68, each The average power coupling efficiency in the charged state is 95%, and the voltage coupling ratio is The average power coupling efficiency in each charging state when the value is 0.74 is 97%. .

[0033] Figures 6A to 6D show the use of modules horizontally installed on the ground in Tokyo, at different times of the year. The measured values ​​of AM, temperature, and solar radiation intensity were used for each of the following seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. In this case, the voltage coupling ratio of the power device 100 and the charge state of the battery layer BT The numerical simulation results for power coupling efficiency are shown in Figures 6A to 6. In D, the power coupling efficiency is calculated using the cumulative value from sunrise to sunset. As a year-round trend, during the autumn and winter months when the sun's altitude decreases and temperatures drop, The voltage coupling ratio, which increases power coupling efficiency, is greater than the values ​​in spring and summer. There is a tendency for this to happen. In each of the figures from Figure 6A to Figure 6D, the voltage coupling ratio is 0.5 When the value is between 8 and 0.84, the power coupling efficiency is approximately 8 under various charge conditions. It is 0% or more. Also, when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.68 to 0.79, The force coupling efficiency is generally over 90%. Furthermore, the voltage coupling ratio is 0. When the value is around 74, the power coupling efficiency is generally 95% or higher.

[0034] High power coupling efficiency means that the power generated by the solar cell layer (PV) is transferred to the battery layer (BT). This means that more will be supplied. Thus, the voltage coupling ratio is adjusted appropriately. This allows for efficient charging of the battery in the battery layer BT without the need for a separate control circuit. This becomes possible.

[0035] <Example 2> Example 2 will be described with reference to Figures 7, 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D. This refers to the voltage coupling ratio and the current of the power device 100 under standard test conditions for solar cells. Numerical simulation of power coupling efficiency with respect to the resistance value of the load connected to the force device 100 The evaluation results are shown. Figures 7 and subsequent Figures 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D show the power Coupling efficiency is calculated as the average value when the charge state is varied from 5% to 95%. In Figure 7, the value corresponding to the absence of load is the average value shown in the bottom row of Figure 6. It corresponds to.

[0036] As shown in Figure 7, when the voltage coupling ratio is between 0.63 and 0.89, Under various charging conditions, the power coupling efficiency is generally 80% or higher. The voltage coupling ratio at which the force coupling efficiency is approximately 80% or higher is shown in Figure 7. By taking the average of the coupling ratios, the voltage coupling ratio is between 0.60 and 0.87. It may be located there.

[0037] Furthermore, when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.74 to 0.84, the power coupling efficiency is It is generally over 90%. For example, the power when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.74 The average coupling efficiency is 92%, and when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.84 The average power coupling efficiency is 91%.

[0038] Furthermore, when the voltage coupling ratio is around 0.79, the power coupling efficiency is 95 It is above %. Power coupling efficiency when the voltage coupling ratio is 0.79 The average value is 95%.

[0039] Figures 8A to 8D show the use of modules horizontally installed on the ground in Tokyo, at different times of the year. The measured values ​​of AM, temperature, and solar radiation intensity were used for each of the following seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. In this case, the voltage coupling ratio of the power device 100 and the connections to the power device 100 The numerical simulation results of the power coupling efficiency with respect to the load resistance are shown. Figures 8A to 8D show the power coupling effect using the cumulative value from sunrise to sunset. The rate has been calculated. The trend throughout the year is similar to the examples shown in Figures 6A to 6D. During the autumn and winter months, when the sun's altitude decreases and temperatures drop, power coupling efficiency is high. The voltage coupling ratio tends to shift to a larger value in spring and summer.

[0040] In Figures 8A to 8C, the voltage coupling ratio is between 0.60 and 0.87. In some cases, the power coupling efficiency is generally 80% or higher. Also, voltage coupling When the coupling ratio is between 0.72 and 0.82, the power coupling efficiency is generally 90% or higher. Furthermore, when the voltage coupling ratio is around 0.79, the power coupling efficiency is The percentage is generally over 95%.

[0041] When considering the winter conditions shown in Figure 8D, the voltage coupling ratio is 0.63 to 0.8 When it is between 9, the power coupling efficiency is generally 80% or higher. Also, the voltage When the coupling ratio is between 0.79 and 0.84, the power coupling efficiency is generally 90% or higher. Furthermore, when the voltage coupling ratio is around 0.84, the power coupling ratio The efficiency is generally 95% or higher. Also, in Figures 7, 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D... Furthermore, it has been shown that power coupling efficiency increases when the load resistance is high.

[0042] Thus, even when a load is connected, the voltage coupling ratio can be appropriately adjusted. Therefore, the battery of the battery layer BT can be charged efficiently without the need for a separate control circuit. It becomes possible.

[0043] <Example 3> Example 3 will be described with reference to Figure 9. Figure 9 shows the solar cell excluding solar irradiance. Under standard test conditions, the voltage coupling ratio and solar irradiance ratio of power device 100 Simulation of the average current density of the current flowing from the solar cell layer (PV) to the battery layer (BT). The results are shown. The solar irradiance ratio is the actual solar irradiance relative to the solar irradiance under standard test conditions. This is the ratio of the solar irradiance at the time.

[0044] In the power device 100, the solar cell layer PV is generating electricity when it receives a sufficient amount of light. In this case, current flows from the solar cell layer (PV) to the battery layer (BT), and the battery in the battery layer (BT) is charged. As shown in Figure 9, when the solar irradiance ratio changes from 1.000 to 0.010, The average current density value in this section will be a negative value. This is because current flows from the battery layer BT to the solar cell layer PV. This indicates that a current flows, or in other words, a reverse current is generated. The occurrence of reverse current means that the power charged to the battery layer BT during the day is naturally consumed at night. It means to be spent.

[0045] As shown in Figure 9, when the voltage coupling ratio is between 0.58 and 0.84, the reverse The current can be reduced to a few percent of the current generated. More specifically, the voltage coupling ratio By setting this value between 0.58 and 0.82, the reverse current can be reduced to about 1% of the power generation current. Therefore, even if a reverse current occurs at night, the battery can remain fully charged. This allows power to be maintained. To prevent reverse current, a reverse current blocking diode can be installed. It is possible, but in power device 100, the voltage coupling ratio is set to 0.58 to 0.84. This eliminates the need for a reverse current prevention diode. This results in a simpler structure. This makes it possible to manufacture power device 100 at a low cost.

[0046] <Summary> Based on the results shown in Examples 1, 2, and 3, the relationship between the solar cell layer PV and the battery layer BT is By setting the pressure coupling ratio between 0.60 and 0.82, the power device 100 is external This eliminates the need to use a control circuit or reverse current prevention diode for charging and discharging that may be provided in the device. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the power device 100 with a simple structure and at low cost. This makes it possible to achieve even higher power coupling efficiency. Power devices 100 automatically supplies power from the battery layer BT if the solar cell layer PV is unable to generate electricity. It can be supplied. Therefore, it is especially useful for buildings, vehicles, etc., which are susceptible to the effects of shadows, etc. By installing the power device 100 on the roof, windows, walls, etc. of a moving or flying object, It becomes possible to utilize solar energy while adopting a simple structure. Alternatively, power device 100 It can also be used as an independent power supply device for streetlights and display devices. The IS100 is a power supply device for mobile devices and devices located in space or the stratosphere. It can also be used as a vise.

[0047] The embodiments described above are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. It is not intended to be interpreted as such. Each element of the embodiment, as well as its arrangement, materials, and conditions. The shape and size are not limited to those exemplified and can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the configurations shown in different embodiments can be partially substituted or combined. It is Noh. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0048] 100, 100A, 100B, 100C... Power devices, 101, 102... Solar cells, 103...electrode, 201...conductive substrate, 301...storage battery, PV...solar cell layer, BT...storage battery layer

Claims

1. A power device comprising a solar cell layer comprising a perovskite solar cell and a chalcopyrite solar cell, and a battery layer provided on the side of the solar cell layer opposite to the light-receiving surface, comprising at least one all-solid-state magnesium-ion battery or an all-solid-state sodium-ion battery, A conductive substrate is provided between the solar cell layer and the battery layer, which serves as a common electrode between the solar cell layer and the battery layer. A power device in which the voltage ratio, which is the ratio of the nominal voltage of the battery layer to the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer, is 0.58 to 0.

84.

2. A power device according to claim 1, A power device having a voltage ratio of 0.60 to 0.

82.

3. A power device according to claim 1, A power device in which, when a load is connected to the power device, the voltage ratio is 0.63 to 0.

82.

4. A power device according to claim 1, A power device in which, when a load is connected to the power device, the voltage ratio is 0.74 to 0.

82.

5. A power device according to claim 1, The solar cell layer comprises the perovskite solar cell and the chalcopyrite solar cell connected in series. A power device in which the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell layer is the sum of the open-circuit voltages of the perovskite solar cell and the chalcopyrite solar cell.

6. A power device according to claim 1, The battery layer has a plurality of all-solid magnesium ion batteries or a plurality of all-solid sodium ion batteries connected in series, A power device in which the nominal voltage of the battery layer is the sum of the nominal voltages of the plurality of all-solid magnesium-ion batteries or the sum of the nominal voltages of the plurality of all-solid sodium-ion batteries.

7. A power device according to claim 1, The battery layer has a plurality of all-solid magnesium ion batteries or a plurality of all-solid sodium ion batteries connected in parallel, A power device in which the nominal voltage of the battery layer is the average value of the nominal voltages of the plurality of all-solid magnesium-ion batteries or the average value of the nominal voltages of the plurality of all-solid sodium-ion batteries.

Images