Solar cell module

Abstract

To provide a solar cell module that can ensure insulation between lead wires at through-holes in the back protective material. [Solution] A solar cell module comprising: a surface protective material; a first solar cell submodule; a second solar cell submodule; a back protective material having through holes; a pair of first lead wires passing through the through holes; a pair of second lead wires passing through the through holes so as to sandwich the first lead wires in the arrangement direction; a pair of first insulating strips passing through the through holes so as to be sandwiched between the first and second lead wires; a second insulating strip passing through the through holes so as to be sandwiched between the pair of first lead wires; and a guide member positioned on the front side of the back protective material, wherein the guide member is formed parallel to each other so as to face the through holes and has a pair of first lead wire positioning holes, a pair of first insulating strip positioning holes, and a second insulating strip positioning hole that allows the pair of first lead wires, a pair of first insulating strips, and a second insulating strip to pass through and position them perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first lead wires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module.

Background Art

[0002] A solar cell module in which a solar cell sub-module having a plurality of solar cells connected therein is sealed between a front surface protective material and a back surface protective material is used. The solar cell module may be configured such that power is output by lead wires extending outside through through-holes in the back surface protective material from the solar cell sub-module. As the lead wires, a metal strip formed by shaping copper or the like into a strip may be used. Although lead wires provided with an insulating coating may be used, it is common to use an inexpensive metal strip without a coating as the lead wire. When using a lead wire without a coating, a sheet-like insulating material may be provided between portions where a short circuit is feared (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] A four-terminal tandem type solar cell module in which two types of solar cells having different wavelengths of light to be absorbed are stacked and sealed via an insulating sheet, and lead wires are separately extended from the front and back solar cells is also known. When using a glass plate or the like as the back surface protective material, it is not preferable to provide a large number of penetrations for the lead wires, and it is desirable to extend a plurality of lead wires through one through-hole. For this reason, in a four-terminal tandem type solar cell module, a configuration may be adopted in which two pairs of lead wires penetrate through one through-hole in the back surface protective material, but it is necessary to ensure insulation between the lead wires in the vicinity of the through-hole.

[0005] In view of these circumstances, the object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module that can ensure insulation between lead wires in through holes in the back protective material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] (1) A solar cell module according to one aspect of the present invention includes a surface protective material, a first solar cell submodule disposed on the back side of the surface protective material, a second solar cell submodule disposed on the back side of the first solar cell submodule, a back protective material disposed on the back side of the second solar cell submodule and having through holes, a pair of first leader lines connected to the first solar cell submodule and adjacent to each other and passing through the through holes, a pair of second leader lines connected to the second solar cell submodule and passing through the through holes so as to sandwich the pair of first leader lines in the arrangement direction, and a width greater than the first leader line and the second leader line, and the first leader line and the second leader line The device comprises a pair of strip-shaped first insulating bands that penetrate the through-hole so as to be sandwiched between the wires, a strip-shaped second insulating band having a width greater than the first lead wires and penetrating the through-hole so as to be sandwiched between the pair of first lead wires, and a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped guide member positioned on the front side of the back surface protective material, wherein the guide member is formed parallel to each other so as to face the through-holes and has a pair of first lead wire positioning holes, a pair of first insulating band positioning holes, and a second insulating band positioning hole that determine the planar position when the pair of first lead wires, the pair of first insulating bands, and the second insulating band pass through and are positioned perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first lead wires.

[0007] (2) In the solar cell module of (1), the first lead wire and the first insulating band may be fixed to each other on the back side of the back protective material.

[0008] (3) In the solar cell modules of (1) to (2), the guide member may be an insulating sheet disposed between the first solar cell submodule and the second solar cell submodule.

[0009] (4) In the solar cell modules of (1) to (2), the guide member is a cover that is laminated on the back surface protective material so as to cover the through hole, and may further have a pair of second leader positioning holes for guiding the pair of second leader wires.

[0010] (5) In the solar cell module of (4), the cover may further have a positioning projection that is inserted into the through hole. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, insulation between lead wires in the through-holes of the back surface protective material can be ensured. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solar cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a partially enlarged plan view of the insulating sheet in Figure 1. [Figure 3] This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solar cell module according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] Figure 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the lid. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. For convenience, hatching and component reference numerals may be omitted in some cases; in such cases, refer to other drawings. Also, the dimensions of various components in the drawings have been adjusted for ease of viewing.

[0014] [First Embodiment] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solar cell module 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The solar cell module 1 comprises a surface protective material 10, a first solar cell submodule 20, a second solar cell submodule 30, a back surface protective material 40, an insulating sheet 50, and a sealing material 60. The solar cell module 1 also comprises a pair of first lead wires 71, a pair of second lead wires 72, a pair of first insulating strips 81, a second insulating strip 82, a third insulating strip 83, and a wiring box 90.

[0015] The surface protection material 10 is formed from a transparent plate-like material and protects the first solar cell submodule 20 and the second solar cell submodule 30 by covering the front surface of the first solar cell submodule 20. Examples of materials for the surface protection material 10 include transparent resins such as acrylic resin, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, fluororesin, and silicone resin, as well as glass. Furthermore, the surface of the surface protection material 10 may be processed to have an uneven surface or covered with an anti-reflective coating layer to suppress light reflection.

[0016] The first solar cell submodule 20 is positioned on the back side of the surface protective material 10 and mainly absorbs some wavelength components of light incident through the surface protective material 10 and converts them into electricity. The first solar cell submodule 20 may typically be a perovskite solar cell submodule that performs photoelectric conversion using a perovskite compound that mainly absorbs light in the short wavelength range. The first solar cell submodule 20 may have a configuration comprising a transparent substrate, a plurality of strip-shaped solar cell subcell portions formed side by side on the substrate in a second direction and extending in the first direction, and a pair of connecting portions formed in a strip shape further outward in the second direction from the plurality of solar cell subcell portions. Alternatively, the first solar cell submodule 20 may not have a substrate and may be directly laminated on the surface protective material 10.

[0017] The second solar cell sub-module 30 is disposed on the back side of the first solar cell sub-module 20, and mainly absorbs the light transmitted through the first solar cell sub-module 20 and converts it into electric power. The second solar cell sub-module 30 is typically formed by connecting a plurality of crystalline silicon solar cells.

[0018] The back surface protective material 40 is disposed on the back side of the second solar cell sub-module 30. The back surface protective material 40 protects the first solar cell sub-module 20 and the second solar cell sub-module 30 by covering the back surface of the second solar cell sub-module 30 via the sealing material 60. The back surface protective material 40 can be formed of a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped material, and preferably has excellent water shielding properties. Specifically, the back surface protective material 40 can be formed of, for example, a plate material such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, fluororesin, silicone resin, glass, etc., or a laminate of these plate materials and a metal such as aluminum foil may be used. The back surface protective material 40 has through holes 41 through which the first lead wire 71, the second lead wire 72, the first insulating strip 81, and the second insulating strip 82 are inserted.

[0019] The insulating sheet 50 is disposed between the first solar cell sub-module 20 and the second solar cell sub-module 30, and prevents short circuit and damage due to contact between the first solar cell sub-module 20 and the second solar cell sub-module 30. The insulating sheet 50 can be formed of a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped transparent insulating material. Specifically, the insulating sheet 50 can be formed of, for example, a plate material or film such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, fluororesin, silicone resin, etc.

[0020] Furthermore, the insulating sheet 50 of this embodiment also serves as a guide member for guiding the first lead wire 71, the first insulating band 81, and the second insulating band 82. As shown in Figure 2, the insulating sheet 50 has a pair of first lead wire positioning holes 51, a pair of first insulating band positioning holes 52, and a second insulating band positioning hole 53 formed opposite the through hole 41. The first lead wire positioning holes 51 allow the first lead wires 71 to pass through and position them perpendicular to the arrangement direction when the first lead wires 71 pass through. The first insulating band positioning holes 52 allow the first insulating bands 81 to pass through and position them perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first lead wires 71. The second insulating band positioning holes 53 allow the second insulating band 82 to pass through and position them perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first lead wires 71. In other words, the first lead wire positioning hole 51, the first insulating band positioning hole 52, and the second insulating band positioning hole 53 have a length approximately equal to the width of the first lead wire 71, the first insulating band 81, and the second insulating band 82 through which they are inserted. It is preferable that the first lead wire positioning hole 51, the first insulating band positioning hole 52, and the second insulating band positioning hole 53 are formed in a slit shape parallel to each other. In terms of arrangement, the second insulating band positioning hole 53 is located in the center, the first lead wire positioning holes 51 are located at both ends, and the first insulating band positioning hole 52 is located between the second insulating band positioning hole 53 and the first lead wire positioning hole 51. This ensures that the first lead wires 71 are insulated from each other by the second insulating band 82 in the vicinity of the through hole 41, and that the first lead wire 71 and the second lead wire 72 located outside the first lead wire 71 are insulated from each other by the first insulating band 81. Furthermore, it is preferable that the first lead wire positioning hole 51, the first insulation band positioning hole 52, and the second insulation band positioning hole 53 are arranged so that their respective longitudinal centers lie on a straight line perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. This increases the distance of the leakage path that wraps around the edges of the first insulation band 81 and the second insulation band 82 from the first lead wire 71 or the second lead wire 72, thereby ensuring insulation more reliably. In this embodiment, the positional relationship of the second lead wire 72 with respect to the first insulation band 81 is not guaranteed, but since the second lead wire 72 is positioned close to the back surface protective material 40, positional misalignment with respect to the through hole 41 is relatively unlikely. Therefore, the width of the first insulation band 81 and the position of the first insulation band positioning hole 52 should be determined considering manufacturing positional accuracy, etc.

[0021] The encapsulant 60 is filled between the surface protective material 10 and the insulating sheet 50, and between the insulating sheet 50 and the back surface protective material 40, to hold the first solar cell submodule 20 and the second solar cell submodule 30, and to prevent moisture and other substances from coming into contact with the first solar cell submodule 20 and the second solar cell submodule 30. Suitable encapsulant 60 materials include, for example, translucent resins such as ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate / triallyl isocyanurate, polyvinyl butyrate, acrylic resin, urethane resin, or silicone resin. Preferably, the encapsulant 60 is formed from a material that has thermoplastic properties during the manufacturing stage, allowing it to penetrate gaps and recesses in the first solar cell submodule 20, and that loses its thermoplastic properties in the final product, thereby maintaining its shape even when the temperature of the solar cell module 1 rises. In other words, it is preferable that the encapsulant 60 is formed from a resin composition mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin, containing a crosslinking agent that is activated at a temperature higher than the softening point of the thermoplastic resin and causes the thermoplastic resin to crosslink and harden.

[0022] The first lead-out wire 71 is formed of a flexible conductor and outputs electric power from the first solar cell sub-module 20 to the outside. For this purpose, the pair of first lead-out wires 71 are connected to the first solar cell sub-module 20, guided through the first lead-out wire positioning holes 51 of the insulating sheet 50, and adjacent to each other so as to overlap via the second insulating strip 82, and extend to the outside by passing through the through-holes 41 of the back surface protective material 40. Similar to the first lead-out wire 71, the second lead-out wire 72 is formed of a flexible conductor and outputs electric power from the second solar cell sub-module 30 to the outside. The pair of second lead-out wires 72 are connected to the second solar cell sub-module 30 and extend to the outside by passing through the through-holes 41 of the back surface protective material 40 so as to sandwich the pair of first lead-out wires 71 in the arrangement direction (thickness direction) of the first lead-out wires 71 via the first insulating strip 81. As specific materials for the first lead-out wire 71 and the second lead-out wire 72, a strip-shaped metal foil or a thin metal plate can be used, and among them, a copper foil or a thin copper plate is preferably used. The width of the first lead-out wire 71 and the second lead-out wire 72 can be, for example, 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

[0023] The first insulating band 81 and the second insulating band 82 can be formed from a strip-shaped material having flexibility and insulating properties. Specifically, the first insulating band 81 and the second insulating band 82 can be formed from films such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, fluororesin, or silicone resin. The first insulating band 81 and the second insulating band 82 ensure insulation between the first lead wires 71 and between the first lead wire 71 and the second lead wire 72. The third insulating band 83 is formed from a strip-shaped material of the same material as the first insulating band 81 and the second insulating band 82, and ensures insulation between the first lead wire 71 and the first solar cell submodule 20. In this embodiment, the third insulating band 83 that insulates one of the second lead wires 72 from the first solar cell submodule 20 is formed in a band shape integral with the second insulating band 82, but it may be separate from the second insulating band 82, or it may be integral with the third insulating band 83 that insulates the other second lead wire 72 from the first solar cell submodule 20. With regard to the insulation between the two conductive parts, it is necessary to satisfy practical safety requirements and various legal requirements, and the material, width, thickness, and position of the insulating band should be designed taking into account manufacturing deviations and other factors. As a specific example, the width of the first insulating band 81 may be larger than the widths of the first lead wire 71 and the second lead wire 72 in order to ensure insulation as described above, and for a system voltage of 600V, it may be designed to be, for example, 5 mm to 20 mm larger. Also, the width of the second insulating band 82 may be designed to be, for example, 5 mm to 20 mm larger than the width of the first lead wire 71. It is preferable that the first leader wire 71 and the first insulating band 81 are fixed to each other on the back side of the back protective material 40. In this way, after positioning the first leader wire 71 and the first insulating band 81 with the insulating sheet 50, further positioning them to each other at one more point prevents misalignment of the first leader wire 71 and the first insulating band 81, and ensures proper insulation between the first leader wire 71 and the second leader wire 72. The first leader wire 71 and the first insulating band 81 can be fixed by adhesive tape 84 that is applied across the first leader wire 71 and the first insulating band 81, or by double-sided tape or adhesive interposed between the first leader wire 71 and the first insulating band 81. The second leader wire 72 and the first insulating band 81, and one of the first leader wires 71 and the second insulating band 82 may be fixed in the same manner.

[0024] The wiring box 90 is positioned on the back side of the back protective material 40 so as to cover the through hole 41. The wiring box 90 also provides space for connecting the first lead wire 71 and the second lead wire 72 to an external circuit. Inside the wiring box 90, it is preferable that the first terminal block 91 for the first lead wire 71 and the second terminal block 92 for the second lead wire 72 are provided in a straight line across the through hole 41. To ensure insulation between the first lead wire 71 and the second lead wire 72, it is even more preferable that the first terminal block 91 is provided outside the second terminal block 92 so that the first lead wire 71 and the second lead wire 72 can be deployed without changing their order after passing through the through hole 41. This allows the first lead wire 71 and the second lead wire 72 on the back side of the back protective material 40 to be arranged in a straight line, thereby making the insulation by the first insulating band 81 and the second insulating band 82 more reliable.

[0025] As described above, in the solar cell module 1, a first lead wire positioning hole 51, a first insulating band positioning hole 52, and a second insulating band positioning hole 53 are provided in the insulating sheet 50 for positioning the first lead wire 71, the first insulating band 81, and the second insulating band 82. As a result, while inserting a pair of first lead wires 71 and a pair of second lead wires 72 through a single through-hole 41 in the back surface protective material 40, short circuits can be reliably prevented by the first insulating band 81 and the second insulating band 82. [Second Embodiment] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a solar cell module 101 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the description of this embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for components similar to those in the previous embodiment, and redundant descriptions may be omitted. The solar cell module 101 comprises a surface protective material 10, a first solar cell submodule 20, a second solar cell submodule 30, a back surface protective material 40, an insulating sheet 150, and a sealing material 60. The solar cell module 1 also comprises a pair of first lead wires 71, a pair of second lead wires 72, a pair of first insulating strips 81, a second insulating strip 82, a wiring box 90, a pair of covers 110, and a filler material 120.

[0026] In this embodiment, the insulating sheet 150 allows the first lead wire 71, the first insulating band 81, and the second insulating band 82 to pass through loose openings or positioning holes that do not have a positioning function, as in the conventional method. In this embodiment, the cover 110 is a guide member that positions the first lead wire 71, the second lead wire 72, the first insulating band 81, and the second insulating band 82. The cover 110 is laminated on the front and back main surfaces of the back surface protective material 40 so as to cover the through holes 41.

[0027] As shown in Figure 4, the cover 110 has a pair of parallel, slit-shaped first leader positioning holes 111 through which the first leader 71 passes and is positioned perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first leader 71; a pair of slit-shaped second leader positioning holes 112 arranged parallel to the pair of first leader positioning holes 111 so as to sandwich the first leader positioning holes 111 in the arrangement direction of the first leader 71 (the thickness direction of the first leader 71), through which the second leader 72 passes and is positioned perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first leader 71; a first insulating band positioning hole 113 positioned between the first leader positioning holes 111 and the second leader positioning holes 112, through which the first insulating band 81 passes and is positioned in the width direction (perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first leader 71); and a second insulating band positioning hole 114 positioned between the first leader positioning holes 111, through which the second insulating band 82 passes and is positioned in the width direction. Furthermore, it is preferable that the lid 110, as in this embodiment, has a positioning projection 115 that is inserted into the through hole 41 and positions the lid 110 relative to the through hole 41. The positioning projection 115 may be configured to position the front and back lids 110 relative to each other.

[0028] The filler material 120 is not an essential component, but it can be filled into the internal space of the through-hole 41, where the entry of the sealing material 60 is suppressed by the lid 110. The filler material 120 is a resin composition that has high adhesion to the inner wall surface of the through-hole 41 and can prevent moisture permeation. Since the lid 110 on the back is not fixed by the sealing material, the lid 110 on the back can be removed after sealing with the sealing material 60 and the filler material 120 can be filled in, and an opening may be provided in the lid 110 on the back for filling the through-hole 41 with the filler material 120.

[0029] In the solar cell module 101 of this embodiment, the cover 110 is provided with first lead wire positioning holes 111, second lead wire positioning holes 112, first insulating band positioning hole 113, and second insulating band positioning hole 114 for positioning the first lead wire 71, second lead wire 72, first insulating band 81, and second insulating band 82. As a result, while a pair of first lead wires 71 and a pair of second lead wires 72 are inserted through a single through-hole 41 in the back surface protective material 40, short circuits can be reliably prevented by the first insulating band 81 and the second insulating band 82.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and variations are possible. For example, the guide member (insulating sheet) of the first embodiment and the guide member (cover) of the second embodiment may be used in combination. In the solar cell module according to the present invention, the cover, which is the guide member, may be disposed only on one side of the back surface protective material. The cover may also have a partition wall that extends and protrudes into the through hole to guide the lead wire or insulating strip more accurately. In the solar cell module according to the present invention, a wiring box is not an essential component. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0031] 1,101 solar modules 10 Surface protection material 20. First solar cell submodule 30. Second solar cell submodule 40. Backing protective material 41 Through hole 50 Insulating sheet (guide material) 51 First leader wire positioning hole 52 First insulating band positioning hole 53. Second insulation band positioning hole 60 Sealing material 71 1st leader line 72 Second leader line 81. First Insulation Band 82. Second Insulation Band 83 Third Insulation Band 84 Adhesive Tape 90 Wiring Box 91 1st terminal block 92 2nd terminal block 110 Cover (guide member) 111 First leader wire positioning hole 112 Second leader wire positioning hole 113 First insulating band positioning hole 114 Second insulation band positioning hole 115 Positioning protrusion 120 Filling material 150 Insulating Sheets

Claims

1. Surface protective material, A first solar cell submodule is positioned on the back side of the aforementioned surface protective material, A second solar cell submodule is positioned on the back side of the first solar cell submodule, A back-side protective material having through holes is placed on the back side of the second solar cell submodule, A pair of first lead wires connected to the first solar cell submodule and adjacent to each other, passing through the through-hole, A pair of second lead wires are connected to the second solar cell submodule and pass through the through-hole so as to sandwich the pair of first lead wires in the arrangement direction, A pair of strip-shaped first insulating bands having a width greater than the first and second lead wires and passing through the through hole so as to be sandwiched between the first and second lead wires, A strip-shaped second insulating band having a width greater than the first lead wire and passing through the through hole so as to be sandwiched between the pair of first lead wires, A plate-shaped or sheet-shaped guide member positioned on the front side of the aforementioned back protective material, Equipped with, The solar cell module has a pair of first lead wire positioning holes, a pair of first insulating band positioning holes, and a second insulating band positioning hole, which are formed parallel to each other so as to face the through holes, and which allow the pair of first lead wires, the pair of first insulating bands, and the second insulating band to pass through and position them perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first lead wires.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the first lead wire and the first insulating band are fixed to each other on the back side of the back protective material.

3. The solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide member is an insulating sheet disposed between the first solar cell submodule and the second solar cell submodule.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide member is a lid laminated on the back surface protective material so as to cover the through hole, and further has a pair of second leader positioning holes for guiding the pair of second leader wires.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 4, wherein the cover further has a positioning projection that is inserted into the through hole.

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