Method and apparatus for determining the synchronization signal block position of a small bandwidth channel

Abstract

The base station generates a punctured synchronization signal block (SSB) for a channel of the frequency band based on the SSB. The bandwidth of the SSB exceeds the bandwidth of the channel. The punctured SSB includes a punctured physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by a synchronization raster position of a set of synchronization raster positions associated with the frequency band. The punctured PBCH is derived from the PBCH of the first SSB based on a puncture pattern associated with the synchronization raster position. The base station transmits the punctured SSB in the channel. A user equipment (UE) detects the punctured SSB according to the synchronization raster position.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [Related applications] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 324,988, entitled “Determining Synchronization Burst Locations for Small Bandwidth Channels,” filed on 29 March 2022, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 422,679, entitled “Determining Synchronization Burst Locations for Small Bandwidth Channels,” filed on 4 November 2022. All of the aforementioned patent applications are incorporated herein by reference as if they were reproduced in their entirety.

[0002] [Technical field] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communication, and in certain embodiments, to a method and apparatus for determining a synchronization block position for a low-bandwidth channel. [Background technology]

[0003] A communication network may include a base station with a coverage area and multiple user equipment (UEs). The base station can establish uplink and downlink connections with the UEs, which are responsible for transporting data from the UEs to the base station and from the base station to the UEs. The base station can periodically transmit synchronization signal blocks (SSBs). When a UE searches for a base station or cell, for example, when the UE is powered on or idle, or when the UE enters the coverage area of ​​a base station / cell, the UE can use the SSBs to synchronize with the base station / cell and derive the information necessary to access the base station / cell. The UE is expected to be able to determine where to find the SSBs in order to access the base station / cell. [Overview of the project]

[0004] The embodiments of this disclosure describing a method and apparatus for determining the synchronous signal block position of a low-bandwidth channel generally achieve technical advantages.

[0005] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a method, The steps include: receiving a punctured synchronous signal block (SSB) in a frequency band channel from a base station using user equipment (UE), The punctured SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH of the first SSB by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first physical broadcast channel (PBCH) to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and The UE detects the punctured SSB according to the first synchronized raster position, A method including this is provided.

[0006] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the punctured SSB has a bandwidth not greater than the bandwidth of the channel, and the first SSB has a bandwidth greater than the bandwidth of the channel.

[0007] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the difference between the bandwidth of the first SSB and the bandwidth of the punctured SSB is related to the second number of RBs being transmitted.

[0008] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the method further includes the step of determining the attributes of the channel based on a received punctured PBCH in the punctured SSB by the UE, wherein the attributes include the starting frequency position of the channel.

[0009] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the step of determining the attributes of the channel is: The process includes the step of determining the start frequency position of the channel based on the punctured PBCH received by the UE, the center frequency of the PSS of the punctured SSB, and the first puncture pattern.

[0010] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the step of determining the attributes of the channel is: The process includes determining the start frequency position of the channel based on the punctured PBCH received by the UE, the frequency position of the RB occupied by the PSS of the punctured SSB, and an offset relative to the frequency position of the RB.

[0011] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the PSS of the first SSB has a center frequency indicated by the second synchronous raster position in the second synchronous raster position set.

[0012] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the frequency of the first synchronized raster position set is based on a first raster interval and a first shift interval set, and the frequency of the second synchronized raster position set is based on a second raster interval and a second shift interval set.

[0013] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the first raster interval is different from the second raster interval and is related to the channel raster position of the channel.

[0014] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the second raster interval is a multiple of the first raster interval.

[0015] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, one or more shift intervals in the first shift interval set are different from one or more shift intervals in the second shift interval set.

[0016] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the first synchronized raster position set is obtained by shifting the second synchronized raster position set in the frequency domain.

[0017] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the bandwidth of the channel is 5 MHz or less.

[0018] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the frequency span of the first SSB is 20 RBs.

[0019] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the first synchronized raster position set includes a third synchronized raster position associated with a second puncture pattern.

[0020] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a method, A step of generating a punctured SSB of a frequency band channel by a base station based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and The steps include: the base station transmitting the punctured SSB on the channel; A method including this is provided.

[0021] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the punctured SSB has a third bandwidth that is not greater than the second bandwidth of the channel.

[0022] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the difference between the first bandwidth of the first SSB and the third bandwidth of the punctured SSB is related to the second number of RBs being transmitted.

[0023] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the punctured PBCH includes information indicating the channel's attributes, the attributes including the channel's starting frequency position.

[0024] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the starting frequency position of the channel can be determined based on the punctured PBCH, the center frequency of the PSS of the punctured SSB, and the first puncture pattern.

[0025] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the starting frequency position of the channel can be determined based on the frequency position of the RB occupied by the punctured PBCH, the PSS of the punctured SSB, and an offset with respect to the frequency position of the RB.

[0026] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the PSS of the first SSB has a center frequency indicated by the second synchronous raster position in the second synchronous raster position set.

[0027] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the frequency of the first synchronized raster position set is based on a first raster interval and a first shift interval set, and the frequency of the second synchronized raster position set is based on a second raster interval and a second shift interval set.

[0028] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the first raster interval is different from the second raster interval and is related to the channel raster position of the channel.

[0029] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the second raster interval is a multiple of the first raster interval.

[0030] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, one or more shift intervals in the first shift interval set are different from one or more shift intervals in the second shift interval set.

[0031] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the first synchronized raster position set is obtained by shifting the second synchronized raster position set in the frequency domain.

[0032] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the second bandwidth of the channel is 5 MHz or less.

[0033] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the frequency span of the first SSB is 20 RBs.

[0034] Optionally, in any of the embodiments described above, the first synchronized raster position set includes a third synchronized raster position associated with a second puncture pattern.

[0035] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a device, Non-temporary memory storage containing instructions, One or more processors that communicate with the memory storage, wherein the instruction, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the device to optionally perform the method described in any of the above embodiments, Equipment including the following will be provided.

[0036] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-temporary computer-readable medium is provided. The non-temporary computer-readable medium stores computer instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method described in any of the preceding aspects.

[0037] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a system is provided which includes a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) that communicates with the base station. The BS is The method involves generating a punctured SSB of a frequency band channel based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH of the first PBCH obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, Transmitting the punctured SSB on the channel, The UE is configured to perform the following: The channel receives the punctured SSB, The punctured SSB is detected according to the first synchronized raster position, It is configured to execute.

[0038] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a device, A receiver module configured to receive a punctured SSB of a first synchronization signal block (SSB) for a frequency band channel from a base station, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern that reduces a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set configured for the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronous raster position, and the receiver module, A device is provided that includes a detection module configured to detect the punctured SSB according to the first synchronized raster position.

[0039] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a device, A generation module configured to generate a punctured SSB of a channel in a frequency band based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), The punctured SSB includes a punctured PBCH of a first PBCH, the PSS, and the SSS, the punctured PBCH is obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and includes a generation module. A device is provided that includes the following: The device further includes a transmitter module configured to transmit the punctured SSB on the channel.

[0040] Aspects of this disclosure enable communication of synchronization signal blocks in channels having a small bandwidth, for example, 5 MHz or less, and support wireless communication of devices operating in a small bandwidth. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0041] To gain a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its merits, refer to the following description relating to the attached drawings.

[0042] [Figure 1] This is a diagram illustrating an example communication system.

[0043] [Figure 2] This is a diagram of an example resource grid.

[0044] [Figure 3] This is a diagram illustrating an exemplary relationship between GSCN and ARFCN.

[0045] [Figure 4] This figure shows an example of the SSB location within a channel.

[0046] [Figure 5] This figure shows an example of the notation used for analyzing synchronized raster positions within a channel according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] [Figure 6] This figure shows an example of notation used for another analysis of synchronous raster positions with offset according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0048] [Figure 7] This figure shows an example of notation used for yet another analysis of synchronous raster positions with offset according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0049] [Figure 8] This figure shows an example of SSB truncation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] [Figure 9] This figure shows another example of SSB truncation according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0051] [Figure 10A] This figure shows a further example of SSB truncation according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10B] This figure shows a further example of SSB truncation according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0052] [Figure 11] This figure shows an embodiment of a truncated SSB.

[0053] [Figure 12] This figure shows examples of notation used for SSB truncation.

[0054] [Figure 13] This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of an embodiment for detecting SSBs within a channel.

[0055] [Figure 14]This figure shows an example of an alternative channel for transmitting SSB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] [Figure 15] This figure shows an example of an alternative raster position for an SSB within a channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] [Figure 16] This flowchart shows an example of operation for SSB detection by a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] [Figure 17] This is another flowchart illustrating an example of operation for SSB detection by a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] [Figure 18] This figure shows an example of the positions of SSB and CORESET#0 in the time-frequency grid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] [Figure 19] This figure shows an example of operation by a UE to locate the SSB according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] [Figure 20] This is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for SSB communication.

[0062] [Figure 21] This is a flowchart of a method for another embodiment of SSB communication.

[0063] [Figure 22] This is a diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment.

[0064] [Figure 23A] This is a diagram of the terminal device (ED) of the embodiment.

[0065] [Figure 23B]This is a diagram of a base station according to an embodiment.

[0066] [Figure 24] This is a block diagram of the computing system according to the embodiment.

[0067] In different figures, corresponding numbers and symbols generally refer to the corresponding parts unless otherwise indicated. The figures are drawn to clearly illustrate relevant aspects of the embodiments and are not necessarily drawn to scale. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0068] The creation and use of embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below. However, it should be understood that the concepts disclosed herein can be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts, and the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of the claims. Furthermore, it should be understood that various modifications, substitutions, and alternatives may be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0069] Figure 1 shows an exemplary communication system 100. The communication system 100 includes an access node (AN) 110 in a coverage area 101 that provides services to user equipment (UEs) such as UEs 120. In the first operating mode, communication with the UEs 120 goes through the access node 110, which has the coverage area 101. The access node 110 is connected to a backhaul network 115 for connecting to the internet, operations management, etc. In the second operating mode, communication with the UEs 120 does not go through the access node 110, but the access node 110 is typically allocated resources used by the UEs 120 for communication when certain conditions are met. Communication between a pair of UEs 120 can use a sidelink connection (shown as two independent one-way connections 125). In Figure 1, sidelink communication occurs between two UEs 120 operating within the coverage area 101. However, sidelink communication can generally occur when both UEs 120 are outside the coverage area 101, when both are inside the coverage area 101, or when one UE is inside the coverage area 101 and the other UE is outside the coverage area. Communication between a pair of UEs and an access node is conducted via a unidirectional communication link, with the communication link from the UE to the access node being called the uplink 130 and the communication link from the access node to the UE being called the downlink 135.

[0070] Access nodes are also commonly called access points, node B, evolved node B (eNB), next generation (NG) node B (gNB), master eNB (MeNB), secondary eNB (SeNB), master gNB (MgNB), secondary gNB (SgNB), network controller, control node, base station, access point, transmission point (TP), transmission-reception point (TRP), cell, carrier, macrocell, femtocell, picocell, etc. UEs are also commonly called mobile stations, mobile devices, terminals, terminal equipment, users, subscribers, stations, etc. An access node can provide wireless access according to one or more wireless communication protocols, such as the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), 5G, 5G LTE, 5G NR, Sixth Generation (6G), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), and IEEE 802.11 family standards, such as 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ad / ax / ay / be. While a communication system can use multiple access nodes capable of communicating with numerous UEs, Figure 1 shows only one access node and two UEs for simplicity.

[0071] Signals are communicated using time and frequency resources. Time and frequency resources can be allocated in units of physical resource blocks (PRBs). In NR mobile broadband (MBB) communication, within a slot, each PRB in the resource grid is defined as a span of 14 consecutive orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) symbols in the time domain and 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. That is, each PRB contains 12 × 14 resource elements (REs). Each RE is located on one OFDM symbol in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain. When used as a frequency domain unit, a PRB consists of 12 consecutive subcarriers. When a normal cyclic prefix is ​​used, there are 14 symbols in the slot, and when an extended cyclic prefix is ​​used, there are 12 symbols in the slot. The duration of a symbol is inversely proportional to the subcarrier spacing (SCS). For SCS at {15, 30, 60, 120} kHz, the slot durations are {1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125} ms, respectively. Each PRB can be assigned to a control channel, shared channel, feedback channel, reference signal, and / or any combination thereof. In addition, several REs of the PRB can be reserved. A similar structure can be used in sidelink (SL). Communication resources include PRBs, sets of PRBs, codes (similar to the case of physical uplink control channels (PUCCH) when using code division multiple access (CDMA)), physical sequences, sets of REs, etc.

[0072] When a user equipment (UE) in the RRC_IDLE (idle) state attempts to discover a base station, the UE first searches for the synchronization signal block (SSB) transmitted by the base station. The SSB may include the primary synchronization signal (PSS), the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and the physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which includes the master information block (MIB). From the MIB, the initial downlink bandwidth part (DL BWP) can be established, and parameters for establishing CORESET#0 can also be obtained, which are used to configure the resources used for the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), which carries downlink control information (DCI). The DCI can schedule resources for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The PDSCH may carry the system information block (SIB). SSB allows the UE to synchronize with the base station and establish a connection with the base station for communication.

[0073] Figure 2 is a diagram of an exemplary resource grid 200 containing 25 RBs (numbered 0 through 24) in the frequency domain and 14 symbols (numbered 0 through 13) in the time domain. Figure 2 shows that SSB occupies 20 RBs (shaded boxes) at frequency (e.g., RB2 through RB21) and can span 4 symbols (e.g., symbols 2 through 5). The center of the SSB (e.g., at RE#0 of RB#12) does not necessarily have to be aligned with RE#0 of the RB.

[0074] In the frequency domain, SSB is typically centered around one of a predefined set of frequency locations. This set of frequency locations (or frequencies), also known as the sync raster, provides a list of possible center frequencies for SSB. Each entry in the sync raster represents a frequency (location) around which SSB can be centered. In the following description, the terms “sync raster,” “sync raster location,” “raster location,” and “raster point” are used interchangeably. An example of the set of sync raster locations is shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 shows a partial set from Table 5.4.3.3-1 of 3GPP TS38.104, “NR; Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, where band n1 is defined in Table 5.2-1 of 3GPPTS38.104. As an example, if a UE can operate in band n1, Table 1 shows that the SCS for SSB transmitted in that band n1 is 15 kHz. The time position of SSB is indicated by "Case A," which corresponds to the timing of clause 4 of TS38.213, "NR; Physical layer procedures for control," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The possible frequency positions of SSB within that band are given by the global synchronization channel number (GSCN). The GSCN can be mapped to frequencies using the relationships shown in Table 2, or converted to new radio (NR) absolute radio frequency channel numbers (ARFCN) using the relationships shown in Table 3. As shown in Table 1, the first GSCN in the band is 5279, and the next position is offset to the previous position. <1> This can be determined by adding [something]. The last position is 5419. The offset can be an integer greater than 0.

[0075] For a bandwidth, the possible frequency positions given by the GSCN depend on the SSB guard band, the minimum channel bandwidth of the channels within that bandwidth, and the SCS. Note that a bandwidth can support one or more channels. For example, bandwidth n1 spans 60 MHz within the downlink (2110-2170 MHz). There are many combinations of channels deployed by the network operator in bandwidth n1, such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 MHz channels. If the operator is licensed to use 30 MHz in bandwidth n1, they can deploy channel combinations such as (5, 5, 5, 15) MHz, (30) MHz, and (25, 5) MHz. In general, a synchronous raster for any bandwidth does not depend on channelization within the bandwidth (outside the scope of the bandwidth's guard band considerations). Generally, standards can define the range of the GSCN for each bandwidth. One or more channels can be defined within a bandwidth. For a particular channel within a bandwidth, it is necessary to determine a subset of the GSCN in that range. For example, for a 10MHz channel starting at 2110MHz, SSB can be placed at a GSCN value of 5279 instead of 5419. In some unlicensed bands, one GSCN is selected for every 20MHz subchannel. From the UE's perspective, the UE may have prior knowledge of the location of previously used synchronous rasters. However, generally, the UE has minimal knowledge of the band's channelization.

[0076] For frequency range 1 (FR1) (frequencies below approximately 7.125 GHz), the available SCS sets for SSB are 15 kHz and 30 kHz. For frequency range 2 (FR2) (frequencies above approximately 24.25 GHz), the available SCS sets for SSB are 120 kHz and 240 kHz. Recently, it has been agreed to use 480 kHz and 960 kHz for a new band in FR2-2 (frequencies above approximately 60 GHz). [Table 1] Relationship between frequency band and GSCN (part of Table 5.4.3.3-1 of TS38.104) [Table 1]

[0077] One advantage of GSCN is that it can represent a smaller set of ARFCNs. For example, 15 bits can be used to represent a GSCN, while an ARFCN requires 22 bits. [Table 2] Relationship between frequency and GSCN [Table 2]

[0078] Table 5.4.3.1-1 of TS38.104 includes a note for sub-3GHz stating that "the default operating bandwidth that supports only SCS spacing channel rasters is M=3." [Table 3] Obtaining ARFCN from GSCN [Table 3]

[0079] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating, for illustrative purposes, how the g-th GSCN value relates to the a-th ARFCN value. As shown, the (g+1)-th GSCN value relates to the (a+20)-th ARFCN value, where 20 is the step size used as an example. Based on Table 3, note that the step size is 20 or 200 (depending on M and N) between consecutive GSCN values ​​at frequencies below 3 GHz. For frequencies above 24.25 GHz, the step size is 288.

[0080] ARFCN(N REF To obtain the frequency in MHz from ), the following formula can be used:

number

[0081] In NR, the possible frequency locations of SSB for initial access are controlled by a synchronization raster. The procedure for calculating the set of permitted synchronization raster locations within the band is described in section 4.3.1.5 of TR38.817-01, which is incorporated in its entirety by reference. For a given channel within the band, it is assumed that there is at least one valid synchronization raster location within that channel. A valid synchronization raster location within a channel is where the SSB is fully contained within the channel's bandwidth and the center of the SSB's frequency lies at a predefined synchronization raster location.

[0082] Analysis suggests that under certain conditions, the above assumption (i.e., that there is at least one valid synchronous raster location on a given channel) may not hold true. On any given channel, there may be multiple synchronous raster locations that the network can use to transmit SSB. However, considering the guard band, channel bandwidth, and SSB bandwidth, it may not be possible to find a synchronous raster location on a channel where the SSB is fully contained and the center of the SSB lies on the synchronous raster.

[0083] To explain this situation, SSB is transmitted on a 5MHz channel, an SCS with Δf = 15kHz is used for SSB, and the synchronization raster interval (distance between two adjacent synchronization raster positions) is ΔF raster Let's consider the case where the bandwidth is 1.2 MHz (sub-3 GHz). SSB bandwidth BW SSB It is given by the following equation:

number

[0084] As described above, if an SSB (occupying 20 RBs) is entirely contained within the channel's bandwidth and has its center in a given synchronous raster, then there is a valid synchronous raster for the SSB within the channel, and the SSB can be positioned within the channel for transmission. The valid SSB position ensures that the span of the SSB lies within the channel. Thus, taking Figure 4 as an example, the valid synchronous raster position ensures that the SSB is positioned between the center positions of the two SSBs 406 and 408. In other words, the valid synchronous raster position lies between the dashed lines 402 and 404 in Figure 4. The problem is that there may not be a synchronous raster position within a channel that satisfies the placement of the SSB within that channel. If the (frequency) distance between the two lines 402 and 404 is greater than or equal to the raster spacing, then there is always at least one valid synchronous raster position in that channel. If the (frequency) distance is less than the raster spacing, there may be a valid synchronous raster position in that channel, but sometimes there may not be a valid synchronous raster position in that channel. It is possible to determine the conditions under which no valid synchronized raster position exists.

[0085] Considering the difference between the channel bandwidth (5 MHz) and the SSB bandwidth (4100 kHz), a difference of 900 kHz becomes smaller than a 1.2 MHz (1200 kHz) synchronization raster interval. At this raster granularity, there appears to be a 25% probability that a synchronization raster position that satisfies the requirements for placing SSB in the channel cannot be found. In this case, the 25% value is based on (1 - 900 kHz / 1200 kHz) and assumes that the channels are uniformly distributed at the (start frequency) position. Note that this value may be improved by further analysis.

[0086] Two problems may arise, as shown below. Based on the current set of GSCNs for channels within the bandwidth, are there any conditions that can be used to determine if there are no valid synchronized raster locations for a channel? • If there is no valid synchronized raster location for a channel, how can the UE place the SSB in that channel so that it can be detected?

[0087] These are common problems, but there are various applications for their solutions. As described in RP-213603, they can be applied to a Reduced Complexity (RedCap) UE that can only support 5MHz channels, and the synchronized raster position of the Rel-18 work item description (WID) can be defined with "NR support for dedicated spectrum less than 5MHz for FR1". This is also a common problem with small bandwidth channels and the possible extensions of RedCap UEs.

[0088] Moreover, it can also be applied to irregular channel bandwidths. In NR, the channel bandwidths of FR1 are 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 MHz. Note that for a 15 kHz SCS interval, since the fast Fourier transform (FFT) exceeds 4096 points, channel bandwidths of 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 MHz are not permitted. Some operators are considering ways to deploy NR channels when there are 7 or 12 MHz channels and channels less than 5 MHz.

[0089] The following analysis pertains to a general synchronous raster interval scenario considering consecutive synchronous raster positions. For the sake of simplifying the equations, the 50, 150, and 250 kHz offsets (corresponding to M = 1, 3, 5 in Table 2) for sub-3 GHz are omitted. First, assume the offset is 0. After the basic equations / concepts are developed, the equations with offsets are presented.

[0090] Since the synchronous raster indicates the center of the SSB, the first possible position of the synchronous raster within the channel, which may be indicated by n0, satisfies the following:

Equation

Equation

[0091] n0 is the first instance of N for the channel when the frequency position of the synchronous raster is obtained using the equation in Table 2 (e.g., N × 1200 kHz + M × 50 kHz). Similarly, n0 can be used to represent the first possible frequency position of the synchronous raster within the channel. f L represents the lowest frequency of the channel. The numerical value of n0 can be positive. The term (△F raster - f L mod △F rasterThe channel's lower edge represents the difference between the channel's lower edge and the synchronization raster position. A channel can be specified by its center frequency and bandwidth, by its low-end frequency (also called the lower edge) and high-end frequency (also called the upper frequency or edge), or by its low-end frequency and bandwidth. The bandwidth is the difference between the high-end frequency and the low-end frequency, and the center frequency is the average of the high-end and low-end frequencies. The channel's lower / upper edge is sometimes also called the channel's lower / upper edge.

[0092] Similarly, the last possible synchronized raster position n1 in the Channel satisfies the following:

number

number

[0093] Figure 5 shows the notation used in the analysis described above. The first (lowest) possible center frequency of the SSB in the channel is at synchronization raster position 512, and the last (highest) possible center frequency of the SSB in the channel is at synchronization raster position 514. The synchronization raster position used for the SSB can be anywhere within the channel, such as the center of the channel. As shown in Figure 5, in wider bandwidths, the synchronization raster position used for the SSB can be near either end of the channel.

[0094] Therefore, in order to always have at least one synchronized raster position within a channel, the following condition (7) must be met (combining (4) and (6)):

number

number

[0095] Therefore, according to condition (8), the difference between the channel and the bandwidth of the SSB needs to be greater than the raster interval in order to ensure that there is at least one valid synchronization raster position within the channel.

[0096] Assuming a uniform random distribution of the lower end of the channel between two consecutive raster positions, the probability of not being able to find a valid position is as follows:

Number

[0097] The condition that there is no valid position within the channel is that when n1 < n0, or

Number

[0098] Condition (10) is a check that can be performed when condition (8) is not satisfied to determine whether there is a valid synchronization raster position within the channel. Condition (10) solves one of the problems to be solved.

[0099] The above analysis can be extended to determine the sub-3 GHz formula. For sub-3 GHz, there are two sets of offsets. The first set of offsets includes an offset of 150 kHz (corresponding to M = 3) from the 1.2 MHz raster interval, and the second set of offsets includes offsets of {50, 150, 250} kHz from the 1.2 MHz raster interval. Table 5.4.3.1-1 of TS38.104 and the note described after Table 2 above imply that the band may support only M = 3 (150 kHz).

[0100] Figure 6 is Figure 600 showing the notation used for the following analysis using the first set of offsets.

[0101] The first possible positions n0 and m0 of the synchronization raster within the channel are given by the following formulae.

Number

Number

[0102] Similarly, the last possible synchronization raster position n1 and m1 = 3 (corresponding to m1' = 1) within the channel are as follows.

Number

Number

[0103] The condition that there is no valid synchronization raster position within the channel is n1 < n0 or the following:

Number

[0104] As an example, for BW chan = 5 MHz, △F raster = 1200 kHz, BW SSB = 4100 kHz, △F shift = 50 kHz, and when m0 = m1 = 3, the condition that there is no valid position within the channel is as follows.

Number

[0105] FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 showing the notation used for the following analysis using a second set of offsets, namely sub-THz from a 1.2 MHz raster spacing and {50, 150, 250} kHz offsets.

[0106] m i'={0, 1, 2} means that for i=0, 1, m i Note that this corresponds to =1, 3, and 5. To deal with the three possible values ​​of m0, we can first use the following condition to find n0.

number

number

[0107] Once n0 is determined, the following is obtained:

number

[0108] Similar to the analysis of n1 and m1 above, the following is obtained.

number

number

[0109] Once n1 is determined, the following is obtained:

number

[0110] The following conditions indicate that no valid position exists within the channel:

number

[0111] For example, BW chan =5MHz, △F raster =1200kHz, BW SSB =4100kHz, △F shift =50kHz, and mmax =5, m min When = 1, the condition for there being no valid position in the channel is as follows:

number

[0112] Combining (10), (16), and (24), the "probability that a valid synchronized raster position cannot be found within the channel" is shown in the last column of Table 4 below. This probability assumes that the lower end of the channel is on an arbitrary frequency. Note that the lower end of a channel (or its equivalent center frequency) is usually on a separate set of frequencies. [Table 4] Conditions when no valid synchronized raster position is available [Table 4]

[0113] To illustrate, consider a 5MHz channelization with bandwidth n1 and the first channel at 2110MHz. The calculation of check is f L mod△F raster and f L and △F raster The values ​​are in kHz, and to check the valid synchronized raster position, see Table 4, 500. <f L mod△F raster <800 (M=3), and 600 <f L mod△F raster <700 (M=1, 3, 5). In other words, to check whether there is a valid synchronous raster position in the channel with bandwidth n1, f according to Table 4. L mod△F raster The value is calculated, and 500 <f L mod△F raster <800 (M=3) and 600 <f L mod△F raster It is checked whether the condition <700 (M=1, 3, 5) is satisfied. Table 5 below shows the valid synchronous raster positions for this band, assuming that the 5MHz channel is stacked starting from the lowest frequency of the band (e.g., f Lchan =f L band +5000k, where the lowest frequency of the channel in units of kHz (i.e., f L chan ) is the lowest frequency of the bandwidth (i.e., f L band ) is a multiple k of 5000 kHz (5 MHz). In Table 5, "N" (third column) indicates that the check calculation shows there is no valid SSB synchronous raster on the corresponding channel (starting from the frequency in the first column). "Y" in the third or fourth column indicates that there is at least one valid SSB synchronous raster location on that channel. [Table 5] Example of 5MHz channelization with bandwidth n1 [Table 5]

[0114] As a check of this calculation, Table 6 shows the potential synchronization raster positions of bandwidth n1 in the frequency range of 2115MHz to 2120MHz. The columns are calculated using the following formula:

number

[0115] For channels with frequencies between 3GHz and 7GHz, the set of permissible synchronous raster positions is currently based on 30kHz SCS for SSB. Note that 30kHz SCS is not the criterion for when there are no valid raster positions. As an example for illustration, assume that 15kHz SCS is used for SSB and that bandwidth n48 (3550–3700MHz) is considered. Band n48 supports 5MHz channelization. Then, based on the calculations and checks in Table 4, Table 7 is generated. In Table 7, "N" indicates that there are no valid synchronous raster positions for SSB in the corresponding channel (starting from the frequency in the first column). "Y" indicates that there is at least one valid synchronous raster position for SSB in that channel. [Table 7] Examples of virtual 5MHz channelization with bandwidth n48 and 15kHz SCS [Table 7]

[0116] The analysis can be extended to consider discrete start (lower) frequencies using the following relationship.

number

[0117] Note that 100n mod 1200 = {0, 100, ..., 1100}, 200n mod 1200 = {0, 200, ..., 1000}, 500n mod 1200 = {0, 100, ..., 1100}, 1000n mod 1200 = {0, 200, ..., 1000}, 2000n mod 1200 = {0, 400, 800}, and 5000n mod 1200 = {0, 200, ..., 1000}.

[0118] Table 5 shows that for channels where the starting position (starting frequency, lower limit) is a multiple of 5 MHz, the pattern is that one of the six consecutive starting positions, i.e., one channel for every six channels starting at each of the six consecutive starting positions, lacks a valid synchronous raster position. In the hypothetical example in Table 7, 11 out of 30 starting frequencies lack a valid synchronous raster position. This corresponds to the expected 14 out of 36 in Table 8.

[0119] If there are no valid synchronous raster locations in the channel, two aspects must be considered: network deployment and UE behavior. The UE typically does not know the channelization used in the network before receiving the SSB.

[0120] Number of RBs in a channel In some embodiments, equation (2) can be used to calculate the number of RBs in an SSB that can fit a channel for several bandwidths, assuming a 15kHz SCS and a 5MHz channel guard band are used. The UE assumes the reuse of the smallest filter. In LTE, a 3MHz channel can support 15 RBs, which is more than calculated in Table 9 below. The guard band is smaller in LTE. Table 9 shows examples of the number of RBs in an SSB calculated for various bandwidths using a 242.5kHz guard band and a 15kHz SCS. Fractional RBs are not allowed in this example (only the integer part is considered; for example, if the calculated number of RBs is 13.89, it is truncated to 13). [Table 9] Number of RBs assuming 242.5 kHz guard band and 15 kHz SCS. Fractional RBs are not allowed (only the integer part is considered (e.g., 13.89 → 13). [Table 9]

[0121] Reuse of existing synchronization raster 1. Solution is not required If the condition for the case where there is no valid synchronization raster position is not satisfied, the current synchronization raster position is valid for the channel. There is no need to change the network deployment or UE operation.

[0122] 2. Truncated SSB In some embodiments, if the conditions for the case where there are no valid raster locations are met, the network can transmit truncated SSB. For example, with FR1 and a 1200 kHz raster spacing, the network can transmit a subset of 20RB SSB, as shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 shows an example of SSB and truncation of SSB based on synchronous raster locations within a channel. In Figure 8, box 812 represents PSS (occupying 10 RBs), box 814 represents SSS (occupying 10 RBs), and box 816 represents PBCH. In this example, the number of RBs in the channel is 25RB (dotted and white boxes), and the number of RBs for CORESET#0 is 24RB (dotted boxes). The 24 RBs are the initial downlink BWP used for initial access, and the white boxes are RBs not used during initial access. Note that the use of 10RB for PSS and SSS is merely illustrative to illustrate the alignment with respect to the center of the SSB. SSS and PSS each occupy 127 REs, which is slightly more than 10 RBs. With a total of 8+9 null subcarriers surrounding the SSS / PSS (null subcarriers (e.g., unoccupied subcarriers) are REs with the complex number 0), 144 REs correspond to 12 RBs. Box 818 represents unoccupied RBs. Figure 8 shows that the synchronization raster is aligned to the RB used for CORESET (RE#0 is aligned), although this is not mandatory. Figure 800 in Figure 8 shows a regular SSB (untruncation) with PSS at symbol #2, SSS at symbol #4, and PBCH. In the frequency domain, the start of the bandwidth part (BWP) containing CORESET#0 is based on an offset from the start of the SSB. The center 804 of the SSB in Figure 800 is on RE#0 of RB12. The start of the SSB is RE#0 of RB2. The start of the BWP including CORESET#0 (initial DL BWP) is 2RB lower in frequency than the start of the SSB, and this BWP start corresponds to having a 2RB offset in Table 11 below. In the case of 20RB SSB, the second and fourth symbols of the SSB have 20RB for PBCH.For the third symbol, the lower (frequency) 4 RBs and the higher 4 RBs are used for PBCH.

[0123] Figure 800 shows a channel (e.g., 5 MHz) with a synchronous raster position indicated by 804, where the SSB is centered at the synchronous raster position 804 in the frequency domain. In Figure 800, the SSB (20RB) at the synchronous raster position 804 can be entirely contained within the channel (24RB or 25RB). Figure 820 shows a channel with a synchronous raster located at 806. To center the SSB at the synchronous raster position 806, the SSB is truncated in the frequency domain. In Figure 820, the synchronous raster position 806 has a frequency 3RB higher (compared to synchronous raster 804). The entire 20RB SSB is truncated (punctured) because, with 806 as the center, it cannot be entirely contained within the channel (24RB or 25RB). This truncated SSB has 19 RBs, and there are 3 fewer RBs in total for the PBCH. Note that many more RBs can be truncated. As shown in Figure 820, in an initial DL BWP of 24 RB (less than 25 RB), only 18 RBs for the SSB are included in the initial DL BWP. Note that in this example, the RBs containing the SSS and PSS are not punctured. Having 3 fewer RBs for the PBCH may result in reduced performance when decoding the MIB. Note that this corresponds to having a 5 RB offset in Table 11. Figure 840 in Figure 8 shows a channel with a synchronous raster located at 808. The SSB is truncated in the frequency domain to center the SSB at the synchronous raster position 808, while ensuring that the PSS and SSS are within the channel. In Figure 840, the synchronous raster position 808 is 3 RB lower in frequency compared to the synchronous raster position 804. This truncated SSB has 19 RBs, resulting in a total of 3 fewer RBs for the PBCH. Note that this corresponds to having a -1 RB offset in Table 11. The truncation conceptually reserves 20 RBs for the SSB. However, one or more RBs are punctured, and one or more RBs are not transmitted by the base station. The UE's receiver can assume that no signal / channel is being transmitted for one or more RBs that are not being transmitted.

[0124] Therefore, in some embodiments, if the synchronization raster position within the channel is at a frequency position that prevents the SSB from being fully contained within the channel's bandwidth, the SSB may be truncated. For example, as shown in Figures 820 and 840 of Figure 8, the SSB can be aligned with the synchronization raster position within the channel, and one or more RBs of the SSB that are outside the channel's bandwidth can be truncated / punctured.

[0125] Table 10 below shows the minimum number of RBs X in an SSB that will be punctured for different channel bandwidths when truncation is applied. RB An example is shown. Note that the minimum size of truncated SSB can be 12RB, which corresponds to the lengths of SSS and PSS with null subcarriers in the frequency domain. [Table 10] Minimum number of RBs to be punctured, based on Table 9, assuming a 20RB SSB with a 242.5kHz guard band and 15kHz SCS. [Table 10]

[0126] Figure 9 is an alternative diagram of Figure 8, including a guard band. Figure 9 shows an example of SSB902 with a guard band 904 and truncation of SSB902 based on the synchronous raster position in a channel having a bandwidth 906. Note that in the description of embodiments of this disclosure, the 5 MHz channel is used for illustrative purposes only. Embodiments of this disclosure are also applicable to channels with bandwidths smaller than 5 MHz, e.g., a 3 MHz channel. Figure 922 of Figure 9 shows a full-size SSB902 occupying 20 RB. This exceeds the bandwidth of the channel if the synchronous raster position in the channel is at frequency position 908. SSB902 intersects the thick black line on the right (i.e., the right end of channel 906). Line 908 (synchronous raster position) may be at the center of the SSB. Therefore, the channel cannot fully contain SSB902 at synchronous raster position 908. Synchronized raster position 908 is not a valid synchronous raster position for SSB902. In Figure 924, when the synchronization raster position is located at frequency position 910, a truncated SSB 912 having 19 RBs can be used for the channel, and the highest frequency edge of the truncated SSB is aligned with the channel edge. In some cases, there may be some gap between the SSB edge and the channel edge. In some embodiments, the alignment of the SSB and the channel edge may be at the lower end of the channel. As an example, in Figure 926 of Figure 9, when the synchronization raster position is located at frequency position 914, a truncated SSB 916 having 19 RBs can be used. The first RB of SSB 902 can be dropped (punctured). The puncture may be an RE or one or more RBs.

[0127] To support such truncation / puncture, it may be necessary to modify / introduce new tables to map the relationship between the start of the BWP containing CORESET#0 (its bandwidth and offset within the RB) and the start of the SSB. In the frequency domain, the start of the bandwidth part (BWP) containing CORESET#0 is based on the offset from the start of the SSB. The frequency range of the initial DL BWP can be expressed by the number of RBs in CORESET#0. A portion of the current table (Table 13-1 in 38.213) is shown in Table 11 below. For a 24RB CORESET#0 (5MHz BW in a 15kHz SCS), the possible locations of the SSB are within the range of 24RB CORESET#0. As shown in Figure 820 of Figure 8, new entries 5 and 6 of offset values ​​(between the start of the BWP containing CORESET#0 and the start of the SSB) can be introduced. Similarly, new entries of offset values ​​-1 and -2 can be introduced for Figure 840 of Figure 8. One or two RBs in an SSB may be outside the CORESET#0 bandwidth (initial DL BWP), but the UE can use truncation processing to account for those RBs that are outside the CORESET#0 bandwidth. Section 13 of 38.213 states the following: For operation without shared spectral channel access, the UE assumes that, with respect to the SCS of the CORESET of the Type0-PDCCH CSS set provided by subCarrierSpacingCommon, the offsets in Tables 13-1 to 13-10 are defined from the minimum RB index of the Type0-PDCCH CSS set to the minimum RB index of the common RB that overlaps with the first RB of the corresponding SS / PBCH block. In Tables 13-7, 13-8 and 13-10, k SSB This is defined in [4, TS38.211].

[0128] If the intention of truncation is to place the SSS / PSS within the channel, the first RB (i.e., the RB with the lowest frequency occupied by the SSB) or the last RB (i.e., the RB with the highest frequency occupied by the SSB) of the SSB block may be outside the channel. Figures 10A and 10B show the placement of SSS / PSS with respect to CORESET#0 for different RB sizes and channel bandwidths. Figure 10A is a 3000kHz channel 1030 example with 13 RBs, and Figure 10B is a 3600kHz channel 1040 example with 17 RBs. Block 1006 represents the PSS and SSS of a 20-RB SSB, and block 1008 represents the PBCH of an SSB that is in the channel (i.e., transmitted). Block 1010 shows the truncated / punctured RB of an (untransmitted) SSB. For a base station transmitting SSB on channel 1030 with a bandwidth of 13 RB, the SSB may be truncated as shown by truncated SSB 1012 or truncated SSB 1014 in Figure 10A. For a base station transmitting SSB on channel 1040 with a bandwidth of 17 RB, the SSB may be truncated as shown by truncated SSB 1022 or truncated SSB 1024 in Figure 10B.

[0129] There are several trade-offs to consider when truncating SSBs, one of which is to minimize the amount of puncture (to reduce the degradation of PBCH performance) while maintaining the same synchronized raster position, if possible.

[0130] Section 7.4.3.1 of TS38.211 shows how the 240 REs are arranged within the 20RB SSB. The numbering starts from 0. Section 7.4.3.1 of TS38.211 specifies the following: The first symbol of the SSB block, RE{56, 57, ..., 182}, is for PSS, and RE{0, 1, ..., 55} and {183, 184, ..., 239} are set to 0. The second and fourth symbols of the SSB block: RE{0, 1, ..., 239} are for PBCH. The third symbol of the SSB block, RE{56, 57, ..., 182}, is for SSS, RE{48, 49, ..., 55} and {183, 184, ..., 191} are set to 0, and RE{0, 1, ..., 47} and {192, 193, ..., 239} are for PBCH.

[0131] Truncation / puncture may alter the above arrangement. X represents the total number of punctured RBs. RB As shown, X1 RB Let be the number of punctured RBs before the start of PSS / SSS, and X2 RB Let X1 be the number of punctured RBs after the last position of PSS / SSS. RB +X2 RB =X RB Let's assume that N represents the number of subcarriers (REs) per RB. sc RB As an example using =12, a common expression of SSB with punctures would look like this: The first symbol of the SSB block, RE{56, 57, ..., 182}, is for PSS, and RE{0, 1, ..., 55} and {183, 184, ..., 239} are set to 0 (this arrangement remains unchanged). • Second and fourth symbols of the SSB block: RE{N sc RB X1 RB , N sc RB X1 RB +1, ..., N sc RB (20-X2 RB )-1} is for PBCH, and RE{0, 1, ..., N sc RB X1 RB -1 and {N scRB (20 - X2 RB )、N sc RB (20 - X2 RB ) + 1、…、239} are set to 0. · For the third symbol of the SSB block: REs {56, 57, …, 182} are for SSS, REs {48, 49, …, 55} and {183, 184, …, 191} are set to 0, and RE {N sc RB X1 RB 、N sc RB X1 RB + 1、…、47} and {192, 193, …, N sc RB (20 - X2 RB ) - 1} are for PBCH, and REs {0, 1, …, N sc RB X1 RB - 1} and {N sc RB (20 - X2 RB )、N sc RB (20 - X2 RB ) + 1、…、239} are set to 0.

[0132] X RB = 5、X1 RB = 2、and X2 RB = 3 is shown in Fig. 11. Fig. 11 is Fig. 1100 of an example of a truncated SSB where 5 RBs are punctured from a 20 - RB SSB. The truncated SSB includes 12 - RB PSS 1112 in the first symbol, 12 - RB SSS 1114 in the third symbol, and PBCH 1116 with some RBs truncated. X1 RB and X2 RB Note that there are several possible values for X1 RB X2 RB . For example, {X1 RB X2 RB} can have the values of {1, 4}, {2, 3}, {3, 2}, and {4, 1}. When X RBIt may be desirable to set either of B) to 4. Also, the common expression for specifying an SSB block is simplified. X RB If <4, there may be several possible considerations for truncating the SSB. For example, one term (X1 RB or X2 RB ) can be set to 0. One advantage of this setting is that it simplifies the common expression for specifying an SSB block.

[0133] One observation regarding puncture specification is that the UE may need to know the size of the truncated SSB within the RB, particularly for initial access. In one embodiment, the UE assumes a minimum size, such as 12 (or 13) RBs, for several candidate channel bandwidths and attempts to decode the PBCH accordingly. In another embodiment, the standard specifies the size of the truncated SSB for each channel bandwidth (and bandwidth). Thus, the UE knows the size of the truncated SSB and where the punctured RE is located. In Table 11 (right side) below, an example of CORESET#0 is provided for a 3MHz channel bandwidth and 13 RBs of truncated SSB. The offset values ​​are based on the example in Figure 10A. In the example in Figure 10B, the offsets range from 0 to -3.

[0134] Another point regarding Table 13-1 of TS38.213 is the meaning of multiplexing pattern 1 for channels with bandwidths less than 5 MHz. For legacy UEs, the bandwidth of the BWP including CORESET#0 is greater than the bandwidth of the SSB, and the SSB is placed within the range of CORESET#0 in multiplexing pattern 1. For channels with bandwidths less than 5 MHz, only PSS / SSS is placed within the range of the BWP including CORESET#0. The punctured RB of the SSB is outside the range of the BWP including CORESET#0. [Table 11] Possible CORESET#0 positions [Table 11]

[0135] There are three types of truncations: namely, the truncation starting from the highest RB (RB#19) of the SSB; the truncation starting from the lowest RB (RB#0) of the SSB; and the truncation of the highest and lowest RBs of the SSB. Table 12 below shows an example of the analysis results of SSB truncation in the case of a 1200 kHz synchronization raster interval and a 5 MHz channel (assuming M = 3). Table 12 also includes examples where "any one RB" - either the lowest RB is dropped / punctured, or the highest RB is dropped / punctured. In some embodiments, this drop can be based on the cell ID. The cell ID can be obtained after processing the PSS / SSS. As an example, when the cell ID is greater than the value specified by the standard and the modulo 3 result of the cell ID is 0, the lowest RB is dropped. When the modulo result is 1, the highest RB is dropped. Otherwise, the transaction is not executed. Note that when truncating the SSB, the possibility of not finding a valid synchronization raster position within the channel is reduced. Another approach is to show the set of GSCNs for each band in a table list. The UE (with specific capabilities / functions) considers the SSBs that are capable of blind detection / hypothesis testing. Once the SSB is identified, the UE (with specific capabilities / functions) can examine the table to determine the relationship between the SSB and CORESET#0.

[0136] It can be easily detected when the network transmits the truncated SSB. From the perspective of the UE, the standard can indicate whether the channel supports the truncated SSB. [Table 12] Analysis of Truncation for 1200 kHz Synchronization Raster Interval and 5 MHz Channel (assuming M = 3) [Table 12]

[0137] If the UE knows whether the RBs of the SSB are truncated, the UE can modify its behavior to not consider those RBs during decoding. For example, the UE can use a zero-value log likelihood ratio (LLR) for channel bits of punctured RBs. A zero value can represent a channel bit that has an equal probability of being binary "1" or binary "0". This can improve the decoding performance of the MIB (by assuming zero values) instead of attempting to decode using a low-quality LLR. It may be necessary to define a new offset to indicate the offset relationship between CORESET#0 and the SSB. Another possibility is to use cell IDs to indicate offset changes between CORESET#0 and the SSB.

[0138] It is known that punctures can change the code rate. It is possible to estimate the performance loss (lower limit) due to punctures. Table 13 shows the number of channel bits per RB as an example to determine the impact of punctures. Note that in a 20RB SSB, the number of channel bits for PBCH is 1152 bits (48RB × 12RE / RB × 2 bits / RE). The coding rate loss due to a small number of channel bits is 10log 10 Calculated using #chan improvements / 1152 [Table 13] Code rate loss for various reduced-size SSB [Table 13]

[0139] A 13RB reduced-size SSB (i.e., SSB reduced to 13RB) can fit the minimum channel size of 13RB (3000kHz), and a 13RB reduced-size SSB may be preferable to a 12RB SSB because it provides a 0.5dB improvement in coding. Similarly, for a 17RB (3600kHz) channel size, using a 17RB SSB may be preferable because it provides a 2.1dB improvement in coding compared to using a 12RB SSB.

[0140] Note that there are other approaches to mitigate performance loss due to punctures. Some examples are given below. a) Accumulating multiple reduced-size SSBs (implementation approach). The UE receives several reduced-size (punctured / truncaged) SSBs. If the first attempt to decode the PBCH is unsuccessful, the UE can store the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) associated with the PBCH. When the UE receives the next SSB, it attempts to decode it by combining the LLRs of the previous SSB and the current SSB. The UE can repeat this process for other SSBs. b) Power boosting (implementation method). Under the constraint that the total power of symbols remains the same, the base station modifies the power of each RE so that a particular RE has more power than others. More details will be provided later. c) Increase the number of SSBs transmitted in a frame. This is a standard approach that can be combined with SSB accumulation or power boosting.

[0141] Power boost allows a base station to change the power distribution of each RE within a symbol. RB chan Assuming there are RBs, N for each RB. RE RB = There are 12 REs, and the total power is P max The values ​​are in dB. The power (linear) for each RE is as follows:

number

[0142] If the power of one RE set is reduced, that power reduction may be distributed to other RE sets. Next, we show an example of examining the power reduction when puncturing an RB from a PBCH. This can be easily extended to power reductions in PSS / SSS.

[0143] In this example, the number of RBs in PBCH is N RB PBCH , N RB PBCH ≤N RB chan The number of REs in PSS / SSS is N RE PSS = 127, the number of RBs occupied by PSS / SSS and null REs is N RE PSS Assume that = 12.

[0144] Table 14 shows the power per symbol of a punctured SSB without power boosting. RB chan Assume that it is <20. [Table 14] Power of each symbol [Table 14]

[0145] In the second and fourth symbols, N RB PBCH <N RB chan In the case of N RB PBCH N RE RB A total of 10 log entries for each RE. 10 N RB chan / N RB PBCH It can be boosted by dB. The third symbol is (N RB PBCH -N RB PSS )N RE RBFor each RE, 10log 10 N RB PSS N RE RB / N RE PSS +10log 10 N RB chan / N RB PBCH There is a possibility of a dB power boost. (1st term 10log) 10 N RB PSS N RE RB / N RE PSS is, N RB PBCH <N RB chan This is due to the second term 10log 10 N RB chan / N RB PBCH is, (N RB PSS N RE RB -N RE PSS Uses power that is not used by 0-power REs. Note that the power of PSS / SSS is reduced, and additional power may be applied to the third symbol.

[0146] 3. Mapping to a synchronized raster In some cases, even with truncated / punctured SSBs, the current synchronous raster may not be sufficient to accommodate the SSBs within the channel.

[0147] The formula for determining the raster position can be generalized to include punctures in the PBCH. As shown in Figure 12, the following notation is used in the example formula: P RB =12 represents the number of RBs relative to PSS / SSS, Y1 RB is 0≦Y1 RB ≤4 represents the number of RBs used in PBCHs located at frequencies lower than PSS / SSS, Y2 RB is 0≦Y2RB For ≤4, this represents the number of RBs used in PBCHs located at frequencies higher than PSS / SSS, and G represents the guard band. In this notation, for i=1,2, Xi RB +Yi RB =4, Xi RB This is shown in Figure 11, which represents the truncated RB.

[0148] For convenience, let's use the following formula.

number

[0149] The above formula allows for the combination of puncturing and raster design. The use of half-RE (the constant term "0.5" in the formulas for h1 and h2) is for mathematical convenience. Some refinements may be necessary regarding actual positioning.

[0150] It is clear that equation (7) can be expressed as follows:

number

number

[0151] Similar modifications can be made for frequencies below 3 GHz. When M=3, the condition that there are no valid synchronous raster positions within the channel in equation (15) is as follows:

number

[0152] For M=1, 3, and 5, the condition that there are no valid synchronized raster positions within the channel in equation (23) is as follows:

number

[0153] For channels below 5 MHz, the current synchronous raster position may not be used to identify the center of the SSB, using Table 9 and Equation (24). However, the current synchronous raster position may be valid for truncated SSBs. Therefore, in some embodiments, the condition that there is no valid synchronous raster position in the channel for truncated SSBs may be determined and checked to determine whether there is a valid synchronous raster position in the channel for truncated SSBs. Table 15 below shows examples of several bandwidths and truncated SSBs. Table 15 shows various channel bandwidths, relevant conditions for no valid synchronous raster position, and PBCH truncation patterns (Y1 RB and Y2 RB This shows different values. The conditions in Table 15 include two columns resulting from the modulo operation. The two columns can be used as a logical "or". In the explanation, the terms "puncture pattern", "puncturing pattern", and "truncation pattern" are used interchangeably. [Table 15] Conditions under which there is no valid synchronized raster position when puncturing SSB as a function of channel bandwidth [Table 15]

[0154] Table 15 can be used to determine if there is a valid synchronous raster position for a particular puncture pattern. For example, if the channel bandwidth of bandwidth n100 is 3600 kHz and the downlink frequency span is (919.4 MHz ~ 923 MHz), then 919400 mod ΔF raster =200. Looking at Table 15, 12RB SSB{Y1 RB =0,Y2 RB =0}, 13RB SSB{Y1 RB =1,Y2 RB =0}, 14RB SSB{Y1 RB =2,Y2RB =0}, 15RB SSB{Y1 RB =3,Y2 RB =0} and 16RB SSB{Y1 RB =4,Y2 RB For {=0}, there is a valid synchronized raster position. For the sake of explanation, below, SSB{N1, N2} is SSB{Y1 RB =N1,Y2 RB This represents {=N2} and indicates the number of punctured RBs before and after PSS / SSS. As another example, for a bandwidth (936.5~939.5MHz), it is 936500 mod ΔF. raster = 500. Even if SSB is punctured to 12 or 13RB, there is no valid synchronous raster position at 3000kHz. As another example, for a bandwidth (788~791MHz), 788000 mod ΔF raster = 800. Effective synchronous raster positions at 3000 kHz are either 12RB{0,0} or 13RB{1,0}. This formula allows for the selection of a puncturing (or puncture, truncation) pattern that does not affect the synchronous raster design.

[0155] In the case of bandwidths without valid synchronized raster positions, another embodiment examines changes in raster parameters.

[0156] When the GHz is less than 3 GHz, ΔF in the formula shift Change Currently, at frequencies below 3GHz, ΔF shift The value of is 50kHz. This means that for m=1, 3, 5, the synchronous raster position is 1200+{50, 150, 250}kHz. In a specific bandwidth, ΔF shift It may be possible to redefine ΔF to a different value. shift This example examines the advantages of redefining it. The analysis is ΔF shift =200kHz and ΔF shift This is done using 400kHz. ΔF shift Substituting =200kHz into equation (3) and performing the same analysis on Table 15, we obtain the following results, as shown in Table 16. [Table 16]ΔFshift = When puncturing SSB as a function of a 200kHz channel bandwidth, there is no valid synchronous raster position. [Table 16]

[0157] Table 16 shows 919400 mod ΔF raster For a bandwidth n100 of =200, if truncated SSB sizes from 13 to 16RB excluding 16RB{4,0} are used, this indicates that there is a valid synchronous raster position for a 3600kHz channel (936.5~939.5MHz) bandwidth, 936500modΔF raster At =500, if a truncated SSB size of 12 or 13 RB is considered, there is a valid synchronous raster position for a 3000 kHz channel (788~791 MHz bandwidth, 788000 mod ΔF). raster At =800, if either 12RB SSB{0,0} or 13RB SSB{0,1} is used, there is a valid synchronous raster position for the 3000kHz channel.

[0158] One embodiment involves ΔF for each specific bandwidth. shift The choice is to select it.

[0159] ΔF shift It is possible to consider =400kHz. However, the derivation of (30) is ΔF shift This method is not applicable when the value of ΔF is large. raster It is possible to use (28) at 400kHz. [Table 17]ΔF raster When puncturing SSB as a function of a 400kHz channel bandwidth, there is no valid synchronous raster position. [Table 17]

[0160] Using Table 17, the bandwidth n100 is 919400 mod ΔF.raster When =200, there is a 3600kHz channel and several effective synchronous raster positions for RB / puncture patterns. For example, (936.5~939.5MHz) bandwidth, 936500 modΔF. raster At =100, there is a valid synchronization raster position for a 3000kHz channel and 12RB SSB (788~791MHz bandwidth, 788000 modΔF). raster When =0, there is a valid synchronization raster position for the 3000kHz channel, and for either 12RB SSB{0,0} or 13RB SSB{1,0}. ΔF for a specific bandwidth. shift There may be a specific value for it.

[0161] Figure 13 is a flowchart of operation 1300 of an embodiment for detecting SSBs in a channel. Method 1300 can be shown to illustrate the operation performed by the UE. The UE detects that the channel in the bandwidth is punctured SSB and different ΔF shift You can decide whether to use it (block 1302). If the UE can operate with truncated / punctured SSB, when scanning frequencies for possible SSB locations, the UE can check the bandwidth it is monitoring. The bandwidth is ΔF shift If the UE has different values ​​and can use a punctured SSB, then ΔF shiftThe UE can search for SSS / PSS at the synchronous raster location indicated by (block 1304). If a PSS / SSS is found at the synchronous raster location (e.g., high correlation) (block 1306), the UE can begin detecting the PBCH (block 1308). If the location of the punctured RB is known (e.g., channel / bandwidth specific puncture pattern), the UE can assume that the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) of the punctured RE is 0 and begin decoding the PBCH. The UE can accumulate LLR from several SSBs to improve the quality of the LLR before decoding (continue trial and error). After decoding the MIB, the UE can determine the parameters (e.g., location) of CORESET#0 and the associated BWP using a table similar to Table 11 (right side) (block 1310). If no PSS / SSS is found (block 1306), the UE can proceed to block 1304 to search for another synchronous raster location of the PSS / SSS.

[0162] Bandwidth is ΔF shift If there are no different values ​​and a punctured SSB cannot be used, the UE is ΔF shift The PSS / SSS can be searched at the synchronized raster location indicated by the normal value (block 1312). If the PSS / SSS is found at the synchronized raster location (block 1314), the UE attempts to detect the PBCH (block 1316) and, based on the MIB obtained from the PBCH, can determine the parameters of CORESET#0 (block 1318) and the associated BWP. If the PSS / SSS is not found (block 1314), the UE proceeds to block 1312 and can search for the PSS / SSS at another synchronized raster location if available on the channel.

[0163] Alternative Channels If the condition for the absence of a valid synchronous raster location is met for a channel, in one embodiment, the network may transmit the SSB on another channel, for example, a channel with a valid synchronous raster location. In this case, no change in UE operation is required. As used herein, the term “alternative” may mean that it is used instead of or in addition to.

[0164] From a network perspective, this embodiment may complicate the cell frequency expansion because the selection of different channels does not always work considering the operator's spectral allocation.

[0165] Figure 14 shows several approaches to alternative channel selection. Figure 14 is an exemplary channel and an exemplary possible channel that does not have a valid synchronous raster position. Figure 14(A) shows the first 5MHz channel 1402 in the 20MHz band (dotted block), and the channel does not have a valid synchronous raster position. Figure 14(B) shows the “next channel” of channel 1402 in the 20MHz band. In this example, the 20MHz band may be divided into four 5MHz channels, and the next channel 1404 of channel 1402 may be an alternative channel (with a valid synchronous raster position) of channel 1402. The network may select the next channel 1404 to transmit SSB. This is called the next channel technique. Figure 14(C) shows the “shifted channel”. In this example, the channelization is slightly shifted (frequency offset 1406), and the 5MHz channel (1408) that is closest to the band edge and has a valid synchronous raster position is selected to transmit SSB. This is called the shifted channel technique. Figure 14(D) shows a “larger channel” 1410, which could be a 10MHz channel as an example. In this example, instead of using a 5MHz channel, the network can choose a 10MHz channel to transmit SSB. This technique is called the larger channel technique. In Figure 14, channels 1404, 1408 and 1410 show various candidate channels (alternative channels) that can be used to transmit SSB when channel 1402 does not have a valid synchronous raster position for SSB.

[0166] Some observations regarding alternative channels, shown in Figures 14(B) to (D), are presented below.

[0167] In Figure 14(B), the following channel method is simple, but it has the drawback that if one channel does not have a valid synchronous raster position, another channel (not necessarily the next channel in terms of frequency) may not have a valid synchronous raster position. Several examples are shown below.

[0168] Example 1, △F raster Assume a 15kHz SCS with a frequency of 1200, a 5MHz channel, and M=3. L mod, △F raster If =600, then the next channel (i.e., (f L +5000)mod△F raster The check at =800) indicates that the next channel has a valid synchronous raster position. However, channels 30MHz away do not have a valid synchronous raster position:(f L +30000)mod △F raster =600. This pattern can be seen in Table 5.

[0169] Example 2: △F in Table 7 raster =1440kHz, f L mod△F raster Let =840. The next 5MHz channel has a valid synchronous raster position: (f L +5000)mod△F raster Further examination of Table 7 reveals that there is a span where all other channels do not have a valid synchronized raster position. This is similar to Table 8.

[0170] The following relationships:

number

[0171] The following channeling techniques can complicate network planning. It is desirable to place 5MHz channels in dedicated portions of the bandwidth (band edge), and if a valid synchronous raster location cannot be found on that channel, another channel must be used (e.g., the middle of the bandwidth). Another example of coexistence is that Rel.17 can introduce RedCapUE supporting channels up to 20MHz. Network operators may want to restrict Rel-18RedCapUE to a specific 5MHz channel. If there is no valid synchronous raster location on that channel, the operator must consider alternative channelization. Another example is that a 20MHz RedCapUE can be introduced for a 5MHz BW Rel-18RedCapUE. A consideration regarding existence is that there may not be a valid synchronous raster location on the desired 5MHz channel. An alternative channel can be found on the 20MHz channel, but that channel may not be preferred by the network.

[0172] In the shifted channel method shown in Figure 14(C), the alternative 5MHz channel starts with some offset from the original 5MHz channel (which has no valid synchronous raster position). For example, for a 15kHz SCS and a 1200kHz raster spacing, equation (31) can be used to show that an offset of 300+1200kHz (<2RB if k=0) is sufficient for k≧0 to find a valid synchronous raster position. However, this method has at least two drawbacks. The first drawback is the existence of unused spectrum (e.g., 300kHz+4700kHz at the other end of the band). The second drawback is that another channel that originally had a valid synchronous raster position within the band may no longer have a valid synchronous raster position due to the offset. The shifted channel method can complicate network planning, such as network planning for interferometry.

[0173] The larger channel approach in Figure 14(D) overcomes the shortcomings of the shifted channel and next-channel approaches by using a larger channel bandwidth, such as 10 MHz instead of a 5 MHz channel, in a network. A larger channel is, in effect, any channel whose bandwidth exceeds the SSB bandwidth by at least the raster interval. This means that a larger channel always has one valid synchronous raster position. In NR, the next largest channel bandwidth is at least 5 MHz. Using a channel larger than desired can complicate network planning.

[0174] Embodiment: Alternative synchronous raster position within a channel. If alternative channel techniques are not desired from the network configuration, techniques for introducing valid synchronous raster positions within the channel can be considered. In some embodiments, two possible alternative synchronous raster positions can be used, based on the use of smaller (or reduced) raster spacing or displacement (of synchronous raster positions, or shift / offset). Alternative synchronous raster position techniques can be combined with approaches that puncture the SSB to provide valid synchronous raster positions within the channel for SSB transmission. Such combinations will be apparent to those skilled in the art with reference to this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various embodiments, modifications, and substitutions are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0175] When considering equation (8), reducing the raster interval so that the reduced raster interval is less than or equal to the difference between the channel bandwidth and the SSB bandwidth will ensure that there are valid synchronized raster positions (with the reduced raster interval). An example of a reduced raster interval is △F' for k=2,3,... for a specific channel within the bandwidth. raster =△F rasterThe solution is to use / k. k may have to satisfy other constraints; for example, for frequencies below 3 GHz in NR, k must be a perfect division of 240 (240 = 1,200,000 / 5,000 Hz raster interval [minimum granularity is 5 kHz]). For frequencies between 3 and 24 GHz, there may be a constraint that k must be a perfect division of 96. In the example of bandwidth n1, the difference in bandwidth between the channel and SSB is 900 kHz. If k=2 and 600 kHz is used as the raster interval instead of 1,200 kHz, a valid synchronous raster position may exist within the channel with the reduced raster interval.

[0176] In a shifted synchronous raster, if a channel cannot support valid synchronous raster positions within the channel, a displacement (or shift, offset) from a set of synchronous raster positions allows the SSB to fit within the channel. In some embodiments, one possible displacement may be a multiple of RB. For example, in a 15kHz SCS, one RB represents 180kHz in frequency. For a 1200kHz raster spacing, a displacement of two RBs may be used (since a difference of 900kHz + an offset of 360kHz (2RB) > 1200kHz). For a 1400kHz raster spacing, a displacement of three RBs may be used (since a difference of 900kHz + an offset of 540kHz >= 1440kHz). Generally, if the synchronous raster position is f, the UE can examine f + Δ, where Δ is the frequency displacement value, which can be either positive or negative and can be a positive / negative multiple of the RB size. The value of Δ can also be obtained using equation (31), which is based on several modulo operations. In some embodiments, the same displacement value (Δ) can be used for FR1, such as 3RB. Note that 3RB is a displacement that is also possible for frequencies below 3GHz.

[0177] Figure 15 is Figure 1500, which shows an example of an alternative raster location for SSB within a channel. In Figure 15, (A) shows an example where 5MHz channel 1502 does not have a valid synchronous raster location for SSB 1504. This is an example from Table 5, and f L=2,110,000kHz and DF raster =1200kHz, f L modDF raster = 400. The center of the SSB is aligned with the synchronous raster position 1506. The black vertical lines, e.g., 1508, represent potential synchronous raster positions within channel 1502. These synchronous raster positions 1508 may be predefined. The dotted line 1510 indicates the edge of channel 1502. In this example, if SSB 1504 is located at any synchronous raster position within channel 1502, e.g., synchronous raster position 1506, it intersects with the edge of channel 1502. Therefore, there are no valid synchronous raster positions for SSB 1504 in this channel 1502.

[0178] Figure 15(B) shows an example using an embodiment with a smaller raster interval, where k=2. Lines 1522 and 1524 indicate additional raster positions introduced into channel 1502 by using the smaller raster interval. The center of SSB 1504 can be aligned with the synchronous raster position 1524 so that SSB 1504 is contained within the channel's bandwidth. Thus, by using the smaller raster interval, a valid raster position (e.g., 1524) of SSB 1504 may exist within channel 1502.

[0179] Figure 15(C) shows an example using the displacement approach of an embodiment with a 2RB shift / offset. Lines 1532 and 1534 indicate additional raster positions introduced into channel 1502 by displacing the synchronous raster position 1508 by 2RB. The center of SSB 1504 may be aligned with synchronous raster position 1534 so that SSB 1504 is included in channel 1502.

[0180] From a detectability standpoint, the use of an alternate raster location allows UEs that support this type of synchronized raster location to successfully perform initial access, and enables detection if a legacy UE is unable to perform initial access.

[0181] For networks, the checks in Table 4 can be used to determine whether a channel can support valid synchronous raster positions with raster intervals defined in the Rel. 17 version of the 38.104 / 38.101-1 / 38.101-2 standard (or as listed in Table 1). Alternative synchronous raster positions can be used (depending on the embodiment) when the network performs the checks.

[0182] The UE assumes that it knows whether a channel (bandwidth) can use alternative synchronous raster locations. From one perspective, there may be two sets of synchronous raster locations for the UE. The first set may be called “legacy” and is based on the Rel.17 version of synchronous raster locations. These locations may be defined by Table 2 for a particular band. For example, the first set of synchronous raster locations for band n1 is in the range of 5279 to 5419 in Table 1. The second set includes alternative synchronous raster locations. The second set can be calculated from the first set. As an example, in the range of 3 to 24 GHz, the alternative synchronous raster locations are 0.72 MHz (corresponding to raster interval / 2) greater than the frequencies corresponding to the raster points from the first set when the reduced raster interval method is used. With the displacement method, as an example, the alternative synchronous raster locations are 3 RB (3 × 180 kHz = 540 kHz) greater than the frequencies corresponding to the raster locations from the first set. As another example, for the frequency range of 0 to 3 GHz, we will assume M=3 for convenience of explanation. With a reduced raster interval of 0.60 MHz (corresponding to raster interval / 2), the alternative synchronous raster position is greater than the frequency corresponding to the raster point from the first set. Using the displacement method, the alternative synchronous raster position is 2RB (2 × 180 kHz = 360 kHz) greater than the frequency corresponding to the raster point from the first set.

[0183] Figures 16 and 17 show two exemplary UE operations for detecting an SSB when alternative synchronous raster locations for the SSB are supported on the 5 MHz channel of the band. Note that the order in which the UE searches for synchronous raster locations may be implementation-specific. However, the order of frequencies to be inspected can be determined by a sensor that monitors the received frequencies used by the UE. Figure 16 is a flowchart of operation 1600 of an embodiment for detecting an SSB in the band. Operation 1600 begins in block 1602, and the UE can combine synchronous raster locations from both the first and second sets (if the band supports alternative synchronous raster locations) (block 1604). The UE can search for an SSB based on its combined set of synchronous raster locations. The UE can obtain the frequency locations of the synchronous raster locations in the combined set to identify the SSB (block 1606). For example, the UE can use Table 1 to select a GSCN and Table 2 to calculate the frequency corresponding to the GSCN. The UE can detect the SSB at the obtained frequency locations of the synchronous raster locations (block 1608). For example, the UE can assume that the center frequency of the SSB is at the frequency location of the synchronization raster location. If an SSB is detected, the UE monitors the SIB based on the resource information obtained from the SSB (block 1610). If no SSB is detected, the UE can proceed to block 1606 and check another synchronization raster location to identify the SSB. For example, the UE can use Table 1 to select another GSCN, obtain the corresponding frequency of this GSCN, and detect the SSB based on this frequency. If the UE checks all possible synchronization raster locations in the band and does not detect an SSB, the method stops.

[0184] Figure 17 is a flowchart of Method 1700, an alternative embodiment for detecting an SSB within a bandwidth. The UE attempts to detect the SSB using frequencies from a first set. If unsuccessful, the UE can search for the SSB using frequencies from a second set, if the bandwidth supports alternative synchronous raster locations. Method 1700 begins in block 1702, where the UE determines whether there is at least one more synchronous raster location to check within the first set (block 1704). If the answer is yes, the UE obtains the frequency location of the synchronous raster location to check to identify the SSB (block 1706). The UE can then detect the SSB based on the frequency location (block 1708). If an SSB is detected, the UE monitors the SIB based on resource information obtained from the SSB (block 1710). If no SSB is detected, the UE proceeds to block 1704, where it can check for the next available synchronous raster location within the first set. If there are no more synchronization raster locations to check in the first set, and alternative synchronization raster locations are supported by the bandwidth, the UE may check a second set of synchronization raster locations. The UE obtains the frequency positions of the synchronization raster locations in the second set to identify the SSB (block 1712) and detects the SSB based on the frequency positions (block 1714). If an SSB is detected, the UE proceeds to block 1710 to monitor the SIB. If no SSB is detected, the UE proceeds to block 1712 to check the next synchronization raster location in the second set to detect the SSB. If the UE has checked all synchronization raster locations in the second set and has not detected an SSB, method 1700 stops.

[0185] To apply alternative synchronous raster positioning techniques, standards may need to specify which bandwidths can support alternative synchronous raster positioning. One possible embodiment is to add a column to an existing synchronous raster table indicating whether a bandwidth supports alternative synchronous raster positioning. If multiple types (e.g., displacement, raster spacing reduction) are used, those types can be included in the table. Table 18 shows such an example. As shown, a column "Supports Alternative Synchronized Raster Positioning" is added to indicate whether the corresponding bandwidth supports alternative synchronous raster positioning. [Table 18] Relationship between frequency band and GSCN (part of Table 5.4.3.3-1 of TS38.104) [Table 18]

[0186] Section 13 of TS38.213 contains a table showing the RB offset between the first RE of SSB and the first RE of CORESET#0. One advantage of the displacement method is that the shift is known (e.g., 2RB for frequencies below 3GHz, and 3RB for frequencies between 3GHz and 24GHz). This shift can be incorporated into the formula for the RB offset between the first RE of SSB and the first RE of CORESET#0. Figure 18 shows an example of the positions of SSB1802 (shaded box) and CORESET#01804 (dotted box) on a time-frequency grid, highlighting the displaced raster positions. Figure 1800 shows the current offset of 2RB between the first RE of SSB1802 and the first RE of CORESET#01804. With the displacement method used (e.g., using a 2RB shift), the offset becomes 4RB between the first RE of SSB1802 and the first RE of CORESET#01804, as shown in Figure 1820. However, since the UE knows that this SSB is shifted by 2RB, the UE can add 2 to the offset to determine the position of CORESET#01804.

[0187] Figure 19 is a flowchart 1900 of the operation of an embodiment in the UE for identifying SSBs within a band. The UE can prepare to search for synchronous raster locations within the band (block 1902). For example, the UE can use Table 1 to obtain GSCN information for the band. Based on the band in which the UE is currently operating, the UE can obtain / select the frequencies corresponding to the first / next acceptable (allowed) GSCNs in the band. The selected frequencies are synchronous raster locations, and the UE can obtain the frequencies of the synchronous raster locations in order to search for (locate) SSBs within the band (block 1904). Note that GSCN is a set of integers from 1 to 26639 (Table 2). For a band, there is a range of GSCNs, and the set of allowed GSCNs is a subset of that range. The offset in Table 1 is one parameter used to define the subset.

[0188] The UE can attempt to detect an SSB with a center frequency corresponding to an acceptable GSCN (i.e., a synchronization raster position) (block 1906). An SSB may have one or two possible SCS candidates. If the UE cannot detect an SSB, it proceeds to block 1904 and can select another GSCN in the band (i.e., obtain another synchronization raster position). If there are no more acceptable GSCNs in the band, the UE can select a different band. If the UE detects an SSB, it can establish an initial DL BWP and then receive a SIB based on the detected SSB (block 1908).

[0189] Figure 20 is a flowchart of Method 2000, an embodiment for SSB communication. Method 2000 illustrates the operation of user equipment (UE). As shown, the UE can receive a punctured synchronization signal block (SSB) of a first SSB in a frequency band channel from a base station (block 2002). The first SSB may include a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB may include a punctured PBCH, PSS, and SSS. The punctured PBCH can be obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to the first PBCH to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The center frequency of the PSS of a punctured SSB is indicated by the first synchronous raster position in a first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, and the first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronous raster position. The UE can detect the punctured SSB according to the first synchronous raster position (block 2004). The punctured PBCH can carry information used to determine the frequency position of the channel. As an example, the punctured PBCH may include the indices in Table 11. The UE can determine the frequency position of the channel based on the information contained in the entry corresponding to the index, such as the offset. The offset can be associated with the difference between the channel's starting frequency position and the center frequency of the PSS (or a particular RB of the PSS).

[0190] Figure 21 is a flowchart of Method 2100, an embodiment for SSB communication. Method 2100 illustrates operation at a base station. As shown, the base station can generate a punctured synchronization signal block (SSB) for a frequency band channel based on a first SSB, and the punctured SSB is transmitted within the channel (block 2102). The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), with the bandwidth of the first SSB exceeding the bandwidth of the channel. The punctured SSB includes the punctured PBCH, PSS, and SSS of the first PBCH. The punctured PBCH can be obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The center frequency of the PSS of the punctured SSB is indicated by a first synchronous raster position in a first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, and the first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronous raster position. The base station can transmit the punctured SSB within the channel, for example, to the UE (block 2104). The first SSB may be punctured as described in the embodiments above.

[0191] Embodiments of this disclosure enable communication of synchronization signal blocks in channels having a small bandwidth, for example, a bandwidth of 5 MHz or less, and enable support for wireless communication of devices operating in a small bandwidth.

[0192] Figure 22 shows an exemplary communication system 2200. Generally, the system 2200 enables multiple wireless or wired users to transmit and receive data and other content. The system 2200 can implement one or more channel access methods, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), or non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA).

[0193] In this example, the communication system 2200 includes electronic devices (EDs) 2210a-2210c, radio access networks (RANs) 2220a-2220b, a core network 2230, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 2240, the Internet 2250, and other networks 2260. While a specific number of these components or elements is shown in Figure 22, any number of these components or elements may be included in system 2200.

[0194] ED2210a–2210c are configured to operate or communicate with System 2200. For example, ED2210a–2210c are configured to transmit or receive over a wireless or wired communication channel. Each ED2210a–2210c represents any suitable end-user device, including (or may be referred to as) devices such as user equipment or devices (UE), wireless transmit or receive units (WTRU), mobile stations, fixed or mobile subscriber units, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), smartphones, laptops, computers, touchpads, wireless sensors, or home electronic devices.

[0195] Here, RAN2220a-2220b each include base stations 2270a-2270b. Each base station 2270a-2270b is configured to wirelessly interface with one or more of ED2210a-2210c to enable access to the core network 2230, PSTN2240, the Internet 2250, or other networks 2260. For example, base stations 2270a-2270b may include (or be) one or more of several well-known devices such as a base transceiver station (BTS), Node-B (NodeB), evolved NodeB (eNodeB), Next Generation (NG) NodeB (gNB), Home NodeB, Home eNodeB, site controller, access point (AP), or wireless router. ED2270a~2210c are configured to interface with and communicate with the Internet 2250 and can access the core network 2230, PSTN 2240, or other networks 2260.

[0196] In the embodiment shown in Figure 22, base station 2270a forms part of RAN2220a, which may include other base stations, elements, or devices. Base station 2270b also forms part of RAN2220b, which may include other base stations, elements, or devices. Each base station 2270a-2270b operates to transmit or receive radio signals within a specific geographical area or region, sometimes referred to as a “cell.” In some embodiments, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology with multiple transceivers for each cell can be employed.

[0197] Base stations 2270a to 2270b communicate with one or more EDs 2210a to 2210c via one or more radio interfaces 2290 using a wireless communication link. The radio interface 2290 can utilize any suitable wireless access technology.

[0198] System 2200 is thought to be able to use multiple channel access functions, including the schemes described above. In certain embodiments, the base station and ED implement 5G New Radio (NR), LTE, LTE-A, or LTE-B. Of course, multiple other access schemes and radio protocols can be used.

[0199] RAN2220a–2220b communicate with core network 2230 to provide voice, data, applications, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) or other services to ED2210a–2210c. Naturally, RAN2220a–2220b or core network 2230 can communicate directly or indirectly with one or more other RANs (not shown). Core network 2230 can also function as gateway access to other networks (such as PSTN2240, the Internet 2250, and other networks 2260). Furthermore, some or all of ED2210a–2210c may include the ability to communicate with different wireless networks via different wireless links using different wireless technologies or protocols. Instead of wireless communication (or in addition), EDs may communicate with service providers or switches (not shown) and the Internet 2250 via wired communication channels.

[0200] Figure 22 shows an example of a communication system, but various modifications can be made to Figure 22. For example, the communication system 2200 may include any number of EDs, base stations, networks, or other components in any appropriate configuration.

[0201] Figures 23A and 23B show examples of apparatus that can implement the methods and teachings in accordance with this disclosure. In particular, Figure 23A shows an exemplary ED2310, and Figure 23B shows an exemplary base station 2370. These components can be used in system 2200 or any other suitable system.

[0202] As shown in Figure 23A, the ED2310 includes at least one processing unit 2300. The processing unit 2300 performs various processing operations of the ED2310. For example, the processing unit 2300 can operate signal coding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, or any other function within the system 1000. The processing unit 2300 also supports the methods and teachings described in more detail above. Each processing unit 2300 includes any suitable processing or computing device configured to perform one or more operations. Each processing unit 2300 may include, for example, a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, field-programmable gate array, or application-specific integrated circuit.

[0203] The ED2310 also includes at least one transceiver 2302. The transceiver 2302 is configured to modulate data or other content transmitted by at least one antenna or NIC (Network Interface Controller) 2304. The transceiver 2302 is also configured to demodulate data or other content received by at least one antenna 2304. Each transceiver 2302 includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission or for processing signals received wirelessly or wired. Each antenna 2304 includes any suitable structure for sending and receiving wireless or wired signals 2390. One or more transceivers 2302 may be used in the ED2310, and one or more antennas 2304 may be used in the ED2310. Although shown as a single functional unit, the transceiver 2302 may also be implemented using at least one transmitter and at least one separate receiver.

[0204] The ED2310 further includes one or more input / output devices 2306 or interfaces (such as a wired interface to the Internet 2250). The input / output devices 2306 enable interaction (network communication) with users or other devices on the network. Each input / output device 2306 includes any structure suitable for providing information to or receiving information from a user, including network interface communication, such as a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touchscreen.

[0205] Furthermore, the ED2310 includes at least one memory 2308. Memory 2308 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the ED2310. For example, memory 2308 may store software or firmware instructions executed by the processing unit 2300, and data used to reduce or eliminate interference from incoming signals. Each memory 2308 includes any suitable volatile or non-volatile storage and retrieval device. Any suitable type of memory can be used, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disk, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, or secure digital (SD) memory card.

[0206] As shown in Figure 23B, the base station 2370 includes at least one processing unit 2350, at least one transceiver 2352 including functions for a transmitter and receiver, one or more antennas 2356, at least one memory 2358, and one or more input / output devices or interfaces 2366. A scheduler, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, is coupled to the processing unit 2350. The scheduler may be contained within the base station 2370 or may operate separately from the base station 2370. The processing unit 2350 implements various processing operations of the base station 2370, such as signal coding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, or any other functions. The processing unit 2350 can also support the methods and teachings described in more detail above. Each processing unit 2350 includes any suitable processing or computing device configured to perform one or more operations. Each processing unit 2350 may include, for example, a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, field-programmable gate array, or application-specific integrated circuit.

[0207] Each transceiver 2352 includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission to one or more EDs or other devices. Each transceiver 2352 further includes any suitable structure for processing signals received wirelessly or wired from one or more EDs or other devices. Although shown as a combined transceiver 2352, the transmitter and receiver may be separate components. Each antenna 2356 includes any suitable structure for sending and receiving wireless or wired signals 2390. Here, a common antenna 2356 is shown coupled to the transceiver 2352, but one or more antennas 2356 can be coupled to the transceiver 2352, and separate antennas 2356 can be coupled to the transmitter and receiver if equipped as separate components. Each memory 2358 includes any suitable volatile or non-volatile storage and retrieval device. Each input / output device 2366 enables interaction with users or other devices in the network (network communication). Each input / output device 2366 includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving / providing information to a user.

[0208] Figure 24 is a block diagram of a computing system 2400 that can be used to carry out the apparatus and methods disclosed herein. For example, the computing system may be any entity of a UE, access network (AN), mobility management (MM), session management (SM), user plane gateway (UPGW), or access stratum (AS). A particular apparatus may use all of the illustrated components or only a subset of the components, and the level of integration may differ from apparatus to apparatus. Furthermore, an apparatus may include multiple processing units, multiple instances of components such as processors, memory, transmitters, and receivers. The computing system 2400 includes a processing unit 2402. The processing unit includes a central processing unit (CPU) 2414, memory 2408, and may further include a mass storage device 2404 connected to a bus 2420, a video adapter 2410, and an I / O interface 2412.

[0209] Bus 2420 can be one or more of several bus architectures of any type, including a memory bus or memory controller, peripheral bus, or video bus. CPU 2414 can include any type of electronic data processor. Memory 2408 may have any type of non-temporary system memory, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), read-only memory (ROM), or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, memory 2408 may include ROM for use during boot-up and DRA for program and data storage for use during program execution.

[0210] The mass storage device 2404 may include any type of non-temporary storage device configured to store data, programs, and other information, and to make the data, programs, and other information accessible via the bus 2420. The mass storage device 2404 may include, for example, one or more of the following: solid-state drives, hard disk drives, magnetic disk drives, or optical disk drives.

[0211] The video adapter 2410 and the I / O interface 2412 provide interfaces for connecting external input and output devices to the processing unit 2402. As shown in the figure, examples of input and output devices include any combination of a display 2418 connected to the video adapter 2410 and a mouse, keyboard, or printer 2416 connected to the I / O interface 2412. Other devices may be connected to the processing unit 2402, and additional or fewer interface cards may be used. For example, a serial interface such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB) (not shown) can be used to provide interfaces for external devices.

[0212] The processing unit 2402 also includes one or more network interfaces 2406, including wired links such as Ethernet cables, or wireless links for accessing nodes or different networks. The network interfaces 2406 enable the processing unit 2402 to communicate with remote units over the network. For example, the network interfaces 2406 can provide wireless communication via one or more transmitters / transmitting antennas and one or more receivers / receiving antennas. In one embodiment, the processing unit 2402 is coupled to a local area network 2422 or a wide area network for data processing and communication with other processing units, the Internet, or remote devices such as remote storage devices.

[0213] It should be understood that one or more steps of the methods of the embodiments provided herein may be performed by corresponding units or modules. For example, a signal may be transmitted by a transmitting unit or transmitting module. A signal may be received by a receiving unit or receiving module. A signal may be processed by a processing unit or processing module. Other steps may be performed by an execution unit or module, a generation unit or module, an acquisition unit or module, a shift unit or module, a puncturing unit or module, a determination unit or module, a modification unit or module, a reduction unit or module, a removal unit or module, or a selection unit or module. Each unit or module may be hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more units or modules may be integrated circuits such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0214] The following references relate to the subject matter of this application. These references are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 3GPP TS 38.104, “NR; Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception,” V17.4.0 (2021-12) 3GPP TS 38.213, “NR; Physical layer procedures for control,” V17.0.0 (2021-12) 3GPP TS 38.211, “NR; Physical channels and modulation,” V17.0.0 (2021-12) TR 38.817-01, “General aspects for User Equipment (UE) Radio Frequency (RF) for NR,” V16.3.0 (2021-09) RP-213603, “NR support for dedicated spectrum less than 5MHz for FR1”, RAN#94, Nokia, Dec. 6-17, 2021

[0215] While the description is detailed, it should be understood that various modifications, substitutions, and alterations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the attached claims. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art will readily understand from this disclosure that existing or future-developed processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of materials, means, methods, or steps may perform substantially the same functions or achieve substantially the same results as the corresponding embodiments described herein. Accordingly, the attached claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of materials, means, methods, or steps.

Claims

1. It is a method, The user equipment (UE) receives a punctured synchronous signal block (SSB) in a frequency band channel from a base station, The punctured SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH of the first SSB by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first physical broadcast channel (PBCH) to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and consists of steps. The UE detects the punctured SSB according to the first synchronized raster position, The steps include: determining the channel attributes based on the received punctured PBCH in the punctured SSB by the UE, wherein the attributes include the starting frequency position of the channel; A method that includes this.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the punctured SSB has a bandwidth not greater than the bandwidth of the channel, and the first SSB has a bandwidth greater than the bandwidth of the channel.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the bandwidth of the first SSB and the bandwidth of the punctured SSB is related to the second number of RBs being transmitted.

4. The step of determining the attributes of the channel is: The method according to claim 1, comprising the step of determining the start frequency position of the channel based on the punctured PBCH received by the UE, the center frequency of the PSS of the punctured SSB, and the first puncture pattern.

5. The step of determining the attributes of the channel is: The method according to claim 1, comprising the step of determining the start frequency position of the channel based on the punctured PBCH received by the UE, the frequency position of the RB occupied by the PSS of the punctured SSB, and an offset with respect to the frequency position of the RB.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the PSS of the first SSB has a center frequency indicated by the second synchronous raster position in the second synchronous raster position set.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the frequency of the first synchronous raster position set is based on a first raster interval and a first shift interval set, and the frequency of the second synchronous raster position set is based on a second raster interval and a second shift interval set.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the first raster interval is different from the second raster interval, and the first raster interval is related to the channel raster position of the channel.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the second raster interval is a multiple of the first raster interval.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein one or more shift intervals in the first shift interval set are different from one or more shift intervals in the second shift interval set.

11. The method according to claim 6, wherein the first synchronized raster position set is obtained by shifting the second synchronized raster position set in the frequency domain.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bandwidth of the channel is 5 MHz or less.

13. A method, The user equipment (UE) receives a punctured synchronous signal block (SSB) in a frequency band channel from a base station, The punctured SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH of the first SSB by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first physical broadcast channel (PBCH) to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and consists of steps. The UE detects the punctured SSB according to the first synchronized raster position, Includes, The frequency span of the first SSB is 20 RBs, in this method.

14. A method, The user equipment (UE) receives a punctured synchronous signal block (SSB) in a frequency band channel from a base station, The punctured SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH of the first SSB by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first physical broadcast channel (PBCH) to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and consists of steps. The UE detects the punctured SSB according to the first synchronized raster position, Includes, The method wherein the first synchronized raster position set includes a third synchronized raster position associated with a second puncture pattern.

15. It is a method, A step of generating a punctured SSB of a frequency band channel based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, by a base station, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and consists of steps. The steps include: the base station transmitting the punctured SSB on the channel; Includes, The punctured PBCH includes information indicating the channel's attributes, the attributes including the channel's starting frequency position, in a method.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the punctured SSB has a third bandwidth not greater than the second bandwidth of the channel.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the difference between the first bandwidth of the first SSB and the third bandwidth of the punctured SSB is related to the second number of RBs being transmitted.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the starting frequency position of the channel can be determined based on the punctured PBCH, the center frequency of the PSS of the punctured SSB, and the first puncture pattern.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the starting frequency position of the channel can be determined based on the frequency position of the RB occupied by the punctured PBCH, the PSS of the punctured SSB, and an offset with respect to the frequency position of the RB.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein the PSS of the first SSB has a center frequency indicated by the second synchronous raster position in the second synchronous raster position set.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the frequency of the first synchronous raster position set is based on a first raster interval and a first shift interval set, and the frequency of the second synchronous raster position set is based on a second raster interval and a second shift interval set.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the first raster interval is different from the second raster interval, and the first raster interval is related to the channel raster position of the channel.

23. The method according to claim 21, wherein the second raster interval is a multiple of the first raster interval.

24. The method according to claim 21, wherein one or more shift intervals in the first shift interval set are different from one or more shift intervals in the second shift interval set.

25. The method according to claim 20, wherein the first synchronized raster position set is obtained by shifting the second synchronized raster position set in the frequency domain.

26. The method according to claim 15, wherein the second bandwidth of the channel is 5 MHz or less.

27. ​​A method, A step of generating a punctured SSB of a frequency band channel based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, by a base station, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and consists of steps. The steps include: the base station transmitting the punctured SSB on the channel; Includes, The frequency span of the first SSB is 20 RBs, in this method.

28. A method, A step of generating a punctured SSB of a frequency band channel based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, by a base station, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and consists of steps. The steps include: the base station transmitting the punctured SSB on the channel; Includes, The method wherein the first synchronized raster position set includes a third synchronized raster position associated with a second puncture pattern.

29. It is a device, Non-temporary memory storage containing instructions, One or more processors that communicate with the memory storage, wherein the instruction, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 28, Equipment including.

30. A non-temporary computer-readable medium for storing computer instructions, wherein, when the instructions are executed by one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 28.

31. It is a system, Base station (BS) and User equipment (UE) that communicates with the aforementioned BS, Includes, The aforementioned BS is, To generate a punctured SSB of the channel in a frequency band based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH of the first PBCH obtained by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, Transmitting the punctured SSB on the channel, It is configured to perform, The punctured PBCH includes information indicating the channel's attributes, the attributes including the channel's starting frequency position. The aforementioned UE is, The channel receives the punctured SSB, The punctured SSB is detected according to the first synchronized raster position, Based on the received punctured PBCH within the punctured SSB, the attributes of the channel are determined. A system configured to perform the following actions.

32. It is a device, A receiver module configured to receive a punctured SSB of a first synchronization signal block (SSB) for a frequency band channel from a base station, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB includes the PSS, the SSS, and a punctured PBCH obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern that reduces a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set configured for the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronous raster position, and the receiver module, A detection module configured to detect the punctured SSB according to the first synchronized raster position, Includes, The device is configured to determine the attributes of the channel based on the received punctured PBCH within the punctured SSB, the attributes of which include the starting frequency position of the channel.

33. It is a device, A generation module configured to generate a punctured SSB of a channel in a frequency band based on a first synchronization signal block (SSB) having a first bandwidth exceeding the second bandwidth of the channel, The first SSB includes a first physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal (PSS), and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The punctured SSB includes the punctured PBCH of the first PBCH, the PSS, and the SSS, the punctured PBCH is obtained from the first PBCH by applying a first puncture pattern to reduce a first number of resource blocks (RBs) of the first PBCH to a second number of RBs for transmission. The PSS of the punctured SSB has a center frequency indicated by the first synchronous raster position in the first synchronous raster position set associated with the frequency band, The first puncture pattern is associated with the first synchronized raster position, and includes a generation module. A transmitter module configured to transmit the punctured SSB on the channel, Includes, The punctured PBCH includes information indicating the attributes of the channel, the attributes including the starting frequency position of the channel, in the instrument.

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