Head-up display system and design method for head-up display system

Abstract

In the present application, a head-up display system and a method for designing a head-up display system are provided. The head-up display system includes a laminated glass and a projection assembly. The laminated glass has at least one projection display area. Each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the laminated glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass at the lower edge of the projection display area when the laminated glass is attached to the vehicle, and has segments in which the wedge angle continuously decreases from the lower edge to the upper edge. There are a measured wedge angle at any point in the segment and a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing reflection ghosts. The measured wedge angles at the positions of each point in the segment are fitted to obtain an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle. The approximate curve of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve accommodated in a preset area. The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source that can project onto at least one projection display area. Projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image. With the head-up display system provided in the present application, it is possible to weaken and even remove reflection ghosts when dynamically observing a head-up display image at multiple points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicles, and specifically to a head-up display system and a design method for a head-up display system.

Background Art

[0002] As vehicle intelligence progresses, head-up display (HUD) systems are being increasingly applied to vehicles. Images such as driving information are displayed in real time in front of the windshield through the head-up display system. When the vehicle travels on a road surface with a changing slope or an uneven surface, it shakes to some extent, so the position of the driver's eyes changes relatively in the direction perpendicular to the road surface. In this case, ghosts occur or are enhanced in the HUD image observed by the driver. This is equivalent to observing the HUD image at a position higher or lower than a specific position of the eyes. The ghosts in this case are called overall dynamic ghosts.

[0003] Also, in the actual manufacturing process of the bonding glass, the curve of the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped intermediate PVB film is not ideally smooth, and its local undulations also result in uneven distribution of ghosts on the same virtual image plane, and there is a possibility that ghosts occur or are enhanced locally in the HUD image observed by the driver. The ghosts in this case are called local dynamic ghosts.

[0004] The above overall dynamic ghosts and local dynamic ghosts are collectively called dynamic ghosts. Both mean that the size of the ghosts in the HUD image changes dynamically as the observation position of the driver's eyes moves, leading to the occurrence or enhancement of ghosts during the actual use of the HUD image, which affects the driving experience.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a head-up display system. The head-up display system comprises laminated glass and a projection assembly. The laminated glass has at least one projection display area, each projection display area having a wedge-shaped cross-section in which, when the laminated glass is mounted on a vehicle, the thickness of the laminated glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass at the lower edge of the projection display area, and has segments in which the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower edge to the upper edge, and a measuring wedge angle and a reflective ghost at any point in the segment. When there is no There are multiple theoretical wedge angle values. An approximate curve of the actual wedge angle is obtained by fitting the measured wedge angle at the position of each point in the segment. Multiple positional constraint points are calculated based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at the position of each point in the segment and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass. The multiple positional constraint points are connected sequentially to form a set enclosed area, and the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve contained within the set area. The projection assembly comprises at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto at least one projection display area, and projection rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projected image.

[0006] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a method for designing a head-up display system. The method for designing a head-up display system is: To provide a projection assembly and laminated glass, wherein a projection ray emitted from the projection assembly is incident on at least one projection display area of ​​the laminated glass. Designing the eyebox surface located inside the vehicle based on the observer inside the vehicle, Designing a virtual image surface based on the projected images observed by observers inside the vehicle through their respective projection display areas, Here, the eyebox surface includes multiple sub-eyebox surfaces arranged sequentially from lower to higher, and the virtual image surface includes multiple sub-virtual image surfaces arranged sequentially from higher to lower, with each sub-virtual image surface corresponding to one sub-eyebox surface. The selection involves selecting an observation dot matrix on each sub-eyebox surface and a virtual image dot matrix on each sub-virtual image surface, wherein the connecting lines between points in the observation dot matrix and points in the virtual image dot matrix pass through the corresponding projection display area, and the intersection of the connecting lines and the projection display area is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly, laminated glass, and multiple connecting lines, calculate multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for the laminated glass when the projected image does not have reflective ghosting at the corresponding incident point, Based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a first curve of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is obtained by fitting. Based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, multiple positional constraint points are calculated, and these multiple positional constraint points are sequentially connected to form a boundary around a predetermined area. The first curve of change is adjusted so that the adjusted first curve of change has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region. This includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted first change curve. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the image formation of a projected image in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 1. [Figure 3]This is an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area in the head-up display system according to the embodiment shown in Figure 1. [Figure 4] This figure shows how to dynamically observe the projected image in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 1. [Figure 5] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in one embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment. [Figure 6] In the head-up display system according to the embodiment shown in Figure 4, this is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in another embodiment. [Figure 7] In the head-up display system according to the embodiment shown in Figure 4, this is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in yet another embodiment. [Figure 8] In the head-up display system according to the embodiment shown in Figure 4, this is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in yet another embodiment. [Figure 9] In the head-up display system according to the embodiment shown in Figure 4, this is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in yet another embodiment. [Figure 10] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a head-up display system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the projection image formation in the head-up display system according to the embodiment shown. [Figure 12] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a head-up display system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] This is a flowchart illustrating a design method for a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment shown. [Figure 15] Schematic diagram of a first change curve in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 13. [Figure 16] Schematic diagram of a design of an eyebox plane and a virtual image plane in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 14. [Figure 17] Schematic diagram of an adjusted first change curve in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 16. [Figure 18] Schematic diagram of a readjusted first change curve in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 17. [Figure 19] Schematic diagram of a readjusted first change curve in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 18. [Figure 20] Schematic diagram showing that an adjusted first change curve in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 19 passes through a seventh position limit point. [Figure 21] Schematic diagram showing that an adjusted first change curve in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 19 passes through an eighth position limit point. [Figure 22] Schematic diagram of adjusted first change curves of two adjacent first change curves of the same type of projection display region in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 13. [Figure 23] Schematic diagram of adjusted first change curves of two adjacent first change curves of different types of projection display regions in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 13. [Figure 24] Schematic diagram of a design of an observation dot matrix and a virtual image dot matrix in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 25] Scatter diagram of theoretical wedge angle values when there is no ghost when observing a second sub-virtual image plane with a perpendicular bisector of a second sub-eye box plane in a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of FIG. 24. [Figure 26] When observing three sub-virtual image planes from the perpendicular bisectors of the three sub-eye box surfaces in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 24, it is a scatter diagram of the theoretical wedge angle values when there is no ghost.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display system. The head-up display system includes a combined glass and a projection assembly. The combined glass has at least one projection display area, and each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the combined glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the combined glass at the lower edge of the projection display area when the combined glass is attached to the vehicle, and has a segment in which the wedge angle continuously decreases from the lower edge to the upper edge. At any point position in the segment, there are measured wedge angles and a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values of reflection ghosts. When there is no Fitting the measured wedge angles at the positions of each point in the segment to obtain an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle. Based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at the positions of each point in the segment and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the combined glass, a plurality of position limit points are calculated. The plurality of position limit points are sequentially connected to form a preset area surrounded, and the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve accommodated in the preset area. The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto at least one projection display area, and the projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image.

[0009] Fitting the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at the positions of each point in the segment to obtain a first change curve, and the maximum deviation value between the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve is 0.15 mrad or less.

[0010] The wedge angle within the segment decreases continuously and nonlinearly from the lower edge to the upper edge, and both the approximate curve of the wedge angle and the first curve of change actually correspond to a linear to quadratic function.

[0011] The head-up display system comprises a first eye box, a second eye box, and a third eye box, arranged from low to high, and the projected image includes a first sub-projection image, a second sub-projection image, and a third sub-projection image, arranged from high to low. The predefined area is a polygon, and the multiple positional constraint points include a first positional constraint point, a second positional constraint point, a third positional constraint point, and a fourth positional constraint point. A first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox with the center point of the first sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the first position constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the first connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image at the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox. A second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox with the point at the upper left corner of the second subprojection image. The coordinate information of the second positional constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the second connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, when observing the point at the upper left corner of the second subprojection image at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox. A third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox with the center point of the third sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the third positional constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the third connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox. A fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox with the point at the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the fourth positional constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the fourth connecting line and the projection display area to the base of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, if the point at the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image is observed at the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox.

[0012] The multiple positional restriction points further include a fifth positional restriction point and a sixth positional restriction point, and the predefined region is formed by being surrounded by the first positional restriction point, the fifth positional restriction point, the second positional restriction point, the third positional restriction point, the sixth positional restriction point, and the fourth positional restriction point being connected in sequence. A fifth connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox with the center point of the first sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the fifth positional constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the fifth connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox. A sixth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox with the center point of the third sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the sixth positional constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the sixth connecting line and the projection display area to the base of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, if the center point of the third sub-projection image is observed at the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox.

[0013] The first position restriction point and the fourth position restriction point are connected to form the first position restriction line segment, the second position restriction point and the third position restriction point are connected to form the second position restriction line segment, the approximation curve of the actual wedge angle intersects the first position restriction line segment, and / or the approximation curve of the actual wedge angle intersects the second position restriction line segment.

[0014] The actual wedge angle approximation curve passes through the seventh positional constraint point, which is the center of mass of the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​in the coordinate system in which the actual wedge angle approximation curve is located, when observing the second subprojection image at each point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox, in the absence of reflected ghosting.

[0015] In practice, the wedge angle approximation curve passes through the eighth position constraint point, and the eighth connecting line is obtained by connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox with the center point of the second sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the eighth position constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the eighth connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, if the center point of the second sub-projection image is observed at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox.

[0016] In the direction from the bottom edge to the top edge of the laminated glass, the ratio of the segment length to the length of the projected display area is 70% or more.

[0017] At least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area, The projection light source is configured to project light rays onto a first projection display area to form a first projected image, and the virtual image distance of the first projected image is 7m to 100m. The projection light source is configured to project light rays onto a second projection display area to form a second projected image, and the virtual image distance of the second projected image is 1m to 6m.

[0018] The projection assembly comprises at least one first projection light source and at least one second projection light source, wherein the first projection light source is configured to project rays onto a first projection display area, and the second projection light source is configured to project rays onto a second projection display area.

[0019] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a method for designing a head-up display system. The method for designing a head-up display system is: To provide a projection assembly and laminated glass, wherein a projection ray emitted from the projection assembly is incident on at least one projection display area of ​​the laminated glass. Designing the eyebox surface located inside the vehicle based on the observer inside the vehicle, Designing a virtual image surface based on the projected images observed by observers inside the vehicle through their respective projection display areas, Here, the eyebox surface includes multiple sub-eyebox surfaces arranged sequentially from lower to higher, and the virtual image surface includes multiple sub-virtual image surfaces arranged sequentially from higher to lower, with each sub-virtual image surface corresponding to one sub-eyebox surface. The selection involves selecting an observation dot matrix on each sub-eyebox surface and a virtual image dot matrix on each sub-virtual image surface, wherein the connecting lines between points in the observation dot matrix and points in the virtual image dot matrix pass through the corresponding projection display area, and the intersection of the connecting lines and the projection display area is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly, laminated glass, and multiple connecting lines, calculate multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for the laminated glass when the projected image does not have reflective ghosting at the corresponding incident point, Based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a first curve of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is obtained by fitting. Based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, multiple positional constraint points are calculated, and these multiple positional constraint points are sequentially connected to form a boundary around a predetermined area. The first curve of change is adjusted so that the adjusted first curve of change has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region. This includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted first change curve.

[0020] The first curve of change after adjustment corresponds to a linear to quartic function and has a continuous curve that decreases continuously and non-linearly.

[0021] The eyebox surface includes a first sub-eyebox surface, a second sub-eyebox surface, and a third sub-eyebox surface arranged sequentially from lower to higher points, and the virtual image surface accordingly includes a first sub-virtual image surface, a second sub-virtual image surface, and a third sub-virtual image surface arranged sequentially from higher to lower points, the pre-defined region is a polygon, and the multiple positional constraint points include a first positional constraint point, a second positional constraint point, a third positional constraint point, and a fourth positional constraint point. Calculating multiple positional constraint points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value is possible. The first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface and the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface, and the first connecting line intersects the projected display area at the first incident point. The second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface and the point of the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image surface, and the second connecting line intersects the projected display area at the second incident point. The third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface and the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface, and the third connecting line intersects the projected display area at the third incident point. The fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface and the point of the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image surface, and the fourth connecting line intersects the projected display area at the fourth incident point. Based on the projection assembly, laminated glass, first connecting line, second connecting line, third connecting line, and fourth connecting line, the first position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the first incident point, the second position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the second incident point, the third position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the third incident point, and the fourth position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the fourth incident point are calculated. This includes obtaining a first positional limit point based on a first positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; obtaining a second positional limit point based on a second positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; obtaining a third positional limit point based on a third positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; and obtaining a fourth positional limit point based on a fourth positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass.

[0022] After obtaining the first positional limit point based on the first positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, obtaining the second positional limit point based on the second positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, obtaining the third positional limit point based on the third positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and obtaining the fourth positional limit point based on the fourth positional limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, it is further possible to calculate multiple positional limit points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value. A fifth connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface to the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface, the fifth connecting line and the projected display area intersect at the fifth incident point, a sixth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface to the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface, the sixth connecting line and the projected display area intersect at the sixth incident point, Based on the projection assembly, laminated glass, fifth connecting line, and sixth connecting line, calculate the fifth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the fifth incident point, and the sixth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the sixth incident point. This includes obtaining a fifth positional limit point based on a fifth positional limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fifth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and obtaining a sixth positional limit point based on a sixth positional limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the sixth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, The vertices of the predefined region further include the fifth and sixth positional constraint points, and the predefined region is formed by being enclosed by the sequential connection of the first, fifth, second, third, sixth, and fourth positional constraint points.

[0023] The connecting line between the first position restriction point and the fourth position restriction point is the first position restriction line segment, the connecting line between the second position restriction point and the third position restriction point is the second position restriction line segment, and adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region is: The method includes adjusting the first curve of change so that the adjusted first curve of change has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region, and the adjusted first curve of change intersects the first position restriction line segment, and / or the adjusted first curve of change intersects the second position restriction line segment.

[0024] Calculating multiple positional constraint points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value is possible. Multiple seventh connecting lines are obtained by connecting the observation point on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface with the virtual image point on the second sub-virtual image surface, and multiple seventh connecting lines and the projected display area intersect to obtain multiple seventh incident points, Based on the projection assembly, laminated glass, and multiple seventh connecting lines, calculate the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for multiple seventh positional constraints when there is no reflected ghost at multiple seventh incident points, This includes obtaining a scattered distribution based on multiple seventh position-restricting theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from multiple seventh incident points to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and calculating the center of mass of the scattered distribution to obtain the seventh position-restricting point. Adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region is: This includes adjusting the first curve of change so that the adjusted first curve of change has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region, and that the adjusted first curve of change passes through a seventh positional limit point.

[0025] Calculating multiple positional constraint points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value is possible. The midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface and the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface are connected to obtain the eighth connecting line, and the eighth connecting line and the projected display area intersect to obtain the eighth incident point, Based on the projection assembly, laminated glass, and the eighth connecting line, calculate the eighth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the eighth incident point, This includes obtaining the eighth position restriction point based on the eighth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the eighth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, Adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region is: This includes adjusting the first curve of change so that the adjusted first curve of change has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region, and that the adjusted first curve of change passes through an eighth positional limit point.

[0026] The ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the overall range ΔC of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​satisfies ΔW / ΔC ≤ 0.9.

[0027] The design method for a head-up display system further involves fitting at least one projection display area to obtain at least two adjusted first change curves of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted first change curves if the maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first change curves is greater than 0.15 mrad, and then further, Adjusting the distance between the eyebox plane and the virtual image plane corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves, Recalculating several new theoretical wedge angle values, Based on several new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first curve of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is obtained by fitting, and a new preset region is calculated. Adjust the new first change curve so that the adjusted new first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within a new predetermined region. Determine whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve and one of the other two adjacent adjusted first change curves is 0.15 mrad or less. If you decide no, repeat the above steps. If the determination is yes, this includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding first or second projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted new first change curve.

[0028] The design method for a head-up display system further involves fitting at least one projection display area to obtain at least two adjusted first change curves of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted first change curves if the maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first change curves is greater than 0.2 mrad, and then further, Adjusting the distance between the eyebox plane and the virtual image plane corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves, Recalculating several new theoretical wedge angle values, Based on several new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first curve of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is obtained by fitting, and a new preset region is calculated. Adjust the new first change curve so that the adjusted new first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within a new predetermined region. Determine whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve and one of the other two adjacent adjusted first change curves is 0.2 mrad or less. If you decide no, repeat the above steps. If the determination is yes, this includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding first or second projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted new first change curve.

[0029] new The set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​has a maximum local range ΔWU, new The set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​has an overall range ΔCU, and the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU ≤ 0.9.

[0030] The terms “First,” “Second,” etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are for distinguishing different subjects and are not intended to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms “includes,” “having,” and any variations thereof are intended to cover, without excluding, other components. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device including a series of operations or units may selectively include, but is not limited to, operations or units not listed, or may selectively include other operations or units specific to those processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0031] The terms “Examples” or “Embodiments” as used herein mean that certain features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the Examples or Embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the Application. The term “Examples” as used anywhere in the Specification does not necessarily refer to the same Example, nor does it refer to an independent or candidate example that is mutually exclusive with the other Examples. Those skilled in the art will understand, either expressly or implicitly, that the Examples described herein can be combined with other Examples.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the image formation of the projected image in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 1, and Figure 3 is an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 1. In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 comprises laminated glass 10 and a projection assembly 20. The laminated glass 10 has at least one projected display area 11. Each projected display area 11 has a wedge-shaped cross-section in which, when the laminated glass 10 is mounted on a vehicle, the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the upper edge 112 of the projected display area 11 is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the lower edge 111 of the projected display area 11, and has a segment 113 in which the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower edge 111 to the upper edge 112. A measuring wedge angle and reflected ghost are set at an arbitrary point on the segment 113. When there is no There are multiple theoretical wedge angle values. The measured wedge angle at the position of each point in segment 113 is fitted to obtain an approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle. Multiple positional constraint points are calculated based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at the position of each point in segment 113 and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. The multiple positional constraint points are connected sequentially to form an enclosed, pre-set region. The approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve contained within the pre-set region S0. The projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 21 that can project onto at least one projection display area 11. Projection rays emitted from the projection light source 21 are incident on the projection display area 11 to form a projected image 211.

[0033] In this embodiment, each projected display area 11 has a segment 113 whose wedge angle decreases continuously, nonlinearly, and monotonically from the lower edge 111 to the upper edge 112. To understand that, in the projected display area 11, with the exception of this segment 113, the wedge angles of the other segments 113 may be equal to 0, constant, increase linearly / nonlinearly, decrease linearly / nonlinearly, or decrease continuously along with the wedge angle of this segment 113.

[0034] In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 is applied to display information on the windshield of a vehicle. The head-up display system 1 includes a projection assembly 20. The image projected by the projection assembly 20 onto at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one of one or more types of HUD images, one or more HUD images at one or more angles, and one or more HUD images at one or more viewing distances. This allows the head-up display system 1 to display multiple pieces of information and enhances the richness of the image display of the head-up display system 1. At least one projection display area 11 is used to display HUD images. Specifically, multiple projection display areas 11 may be used to configure an Augmented Reality Head Up Display (AR-HUD) or a Windshield Head Up Display (W-HUD), etc.

[0035] In this embodiment, the projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 21 that projects onto at least one projection display area 11. One projection light source 21 is arranged to correspond to one projection display area 11, or one projection light source 21 is arranged to correspond to multiple projection display areas 11. In one embodiment, projection rays emitted from the projection light source 21 are incident on the projection display area 11 directly. In another embodiment, projection rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 are incident on the projection display area 11 via a reflector.

[0036] In this embodiment, the wedge angle in at least one projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 is used to eliminate reflective ghosts when light rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 are incident on at least one projection display area 11 to form a projected image 211. Specifically, the application of the laminated glass 10 to a vehicle will be described as an example. When the projection assembly 20 projects projection rays that form the projected image 211 onto the projection display area 11, since the laminated glass 10 has a certain thickness, the image formed when the projection rays are reflected by the eye box EB located in the driver's cab from the glass located on the inside of the vehicle within the laminated glass 10 forms a reflective ghost (also called a secondary image). If a highly reflective medium layer is present in the laminated glass 10, for example, if a metal coating containing Ag or modified polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with high reflectivity is present, reflection occurs and multiple reflective ghosts are formed. Therefore, it is necessary to set a certain wedge angle value in the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10. By superimposing the image formed when the projected light rays are reflected by the eye box EB located in the driver's cab from the glass located on the inside of the vehicle within the laminated glass 10, and the image formed when the projected light rays are reflected by the eye box EB located on the outside of the vehicle within the laminated glass 10, or by the highly reflective medium layer, the reflective ghost is removed, allowing the observer to see a projected image 211 without reflective ghost through the projection display area 11. Here, the eye box EB refers to the driver's eye located in the driver's cab.

[0037] Because the light from the projected image 211 is reflected in different areas of the projection display area 11 and enters the eye box EB at different angles, it is necessary to set different wedge angle values ​​for different areas of the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 so that when the eye box EB observes different areas of the projection display area 11 at the same position, ghosting is small, or even absent.

[0038] When a vehicle is in motion, if it is traveling on a road with a changing incline or on an uneven surface, it will shake to some extent. As a result, the height of the eye box EB relative to the ground changes dynamically during vehicle movement, and consequently, the intersection point of the projected light rays of the projected image 211 entering the eye box EB and the projection display area 11 changes dynamically, generating overall dynamic ghosting. Furthermore, in the actual manufacturing process of the laminated glass 10, the wedge angle curve of the wedge-shaped intermediate PVB film is not ideally smooth, and its local undulations also lead to uneven distribution of ghosting in the projected image 211. Consequently, the projected image 211 observed through the projection display area 11 by the eye box EB will have ghosting or enhanced ghosting, i.e., local dynamic ghosting is formed. Therefore, when the eye box EB dynamically observes the projected image 211 at different positions, it is necessary to set different wedge angle values ​​in different areas of the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 so that reflective ghosting is small, or even absent.

[0039] In related technologies, changes in the wedge angle in the projection display area of ​​laminated glass 10 are achieved simply by designing several wedge angles by connecting straight segments, or by forming a simple arc-shaped transient in the bending of the connected straight segments based on this. These methods fail to solve the ghosting problem of head-up display images in multiple areas of the projection display area 11, and also fail to solve the dynamic ghosting problem of the same area in the projection display area 11.

[0040] In this embodiment (see Figure 3), each of the projection display areas 11 has a wedge-shaped cross-section in which, when the laminated glass 10 is mounted on a vehicle, the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the upper edge 112 of the projection display area 11 is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the lower edge 111 of the projection display area 11, and the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower edge 111 to the upper edge 112. L0 in Figure 3 is an actual approximation curve of the wedge angle in one projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 with respect to the distance to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. The wedge angle in each projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 decreases continuously in the direction from the lower edge 111 to the upper edge 112, thereby reducing and even eliminating the ghosting problem of the head-up display image in each projection display area 11.

[0041] Specifically, the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve contained within a predetermined region S0. Here, the predetermined region S0 is the intersection of the scattered distribution region of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting, where the eyebox EB observes the center point of the projected image 211 at different heights, and the scattered distribution region of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting, where the eyebox EB observes the entire projected image 211 at a specific height. Therefore, the actual wedge angle value corresponding to the continuous curve contained within the predetermined region S0 of the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle has a smaller deviation compared to the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no ghosting, where the eyebox EB observes the center point of the projected image 211 at different heights, and compared to the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no ghosting, where the eyebox EB observes the entire projected image 211 at a specific height. In other words, when the eyebox EB observes the center of the projected image 211 at different heights, there is little or no ghosting, and when the eyebox EB observes the entire projected image 211 at a specific height, there is little or no ghosting. Since the image information at the center point of the projected image 211 is usually relatively important, by weakening or even eliminating reflective ghosting during the dynamic observation process of the center point of the projected image 211, it is possible to effectively weaken or even eliminate local dynamic ghosting at the center point of the projected image 211, and reduce the impact of the overall dynamic ghosting of the projected image 211 on information transmission.

[0042] Compared with related technologies, the embodiments of the present invention provide a head-up display system 1. The head-up display system 1 comprises laminated glass 10 and a projection assembly 20. The laminated glass 10 has a wedge-shaped cross-section in the projection display area 11, where the thickness at the upper edge 112 is greater than the thickness at the lower edge 111, and has segments 113 in which the wedge angle decreases continuously, nonlinearly, and monotonically from the lower edge 111 to the upper edge 112. An approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle is obtained by fitting the measured wedge angle at the position of each point of the segment 113, and the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve contained in a preset region S0. As a result, the continuous curve and the connecting line of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for removing reflective ghosting at the center of the projected image 211 in the dynamically changing projection display area 11 tend to coincide, thereby reducing and even eliminating ghosting in the head-up display image obtained through the projection display area 11, improving the quality of the head-up display image projected onto the laminated glass 10, and also being advantageous for the driver's dynamic observation of the head-up display image while the vehicle is in motion, thereby improving driving safety and comfort. The head-up display system 1 provided in this application can reduce and even eliminate ghosting when dynamically observing the head-up display image at multiple points.

[0043] Referring again to Figures 1 and 3, in this embodiment, a first change curve L10 is obtained by fitting multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at the position of each point in segment 113, and the maximum deviation value Δαmax between the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L10 is 0.15 mrad or less.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first change curve L10 is a curve obtained by fitting multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no reflected ghosting when the eye box EB observes the projected image 211 at a specific position. The maximum deviation value Δαmax between the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L10 is 0.15 mrad or less, so it is guaranteed that when the eye box EB observes the projected image 211 at a specific position, reflected ghosting will be small, or even absent, and it is also guaranteed that when the eye box EB dynamically observes the center of the projected image 211, reflected ghosting will be small, or even absent.

[0045] Referring again to Figures 1 and 3, in this embodiment, the wedge angle within segment 113 decreases continuously and nonlinearly from the lower edge 111 to the upper edge 112, and both the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L10 correspond to a 1 to 4th degree function.

[0046] In this embodiment, both the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L10 correspond to a linear to quadratic function. This ensures smoothness at various points in the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle, thereby preventing the reflection ghost from being intensified by sudden changes in local wedge angle values.

[0047] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, Figure 4 is a diagram showing the dynamic observation of a projected image in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 1, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in one embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 4. In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 includes a first eye box EB_S, a second eye box EB_M, and a third eye box EB_T, arranged from low to high. The projected image 211 includes a first sub-projection image 2111, a second sub-projection image 2112, and a third sub-projection image 2113, arranged from high to low. The preset area S0 is a polygon, and the multiple positional limiting points include a first positional limiting point P1, a second positional limiting point P2, a third positional limiting point P3, and a fourth positional limiting point P4. The first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S with the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111. The coordinate information of the first position constraint point P1 includes the distance from the intersection point of the first connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 at the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S. The second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M with the point of the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112. The coordinate information for the second position restriction point P2 includes the distance from the intersection of the second connection line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, if the point at the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 is observed at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M. The third connection line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T to the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113. The coordinate information for the third position restriction point P3 includes the distance from the intersection of the third connection line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, if the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 is observed at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T.A fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M with the point at the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112. The coordinate information of the fourth position constraint point P4 includes the distance from the intersection of the fourth connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the point at the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 at the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first eyebox EB_S, the second eyebox EB_M, and the third eyebox EB_T represent different heights from the ground to the driver's eye in the vehicle's cab. Here, the second eyebox EB_M represents the normal height of the driver's eye when the vehicle is not shaking. When the eyeboxes EB observe the projected image 211 through the projection display area 11 at different heights, the projected image 211 appears at different heights on the side of the laminated glass 10 away from the eyeboxes EB. Specifically, the first eyebox EB_S observes the first sub-projection image 2111, the second eyebox EB_M observes the second sub-projection image 2112, and the third eyebox EB_T observes the third sub-projection image 2113.

[0049] In this embodiment, the pre-defined region S0 is a rectangle, and the pre-defined region S0 is formed by being enclosed by the sequential connection of a first position restriction point P1, a second position restriction point P2, a third position restriction point P3, and a fourth position restriction point P4. Specifically, the pre-defined region S0 and the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle are in the same coordinate system, the horizontal coordinate is the distance to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the wedge angle value.

[0050] The horizontal coordinate of the first positional constraint point P1 is the distance from the intersection of the first connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, when the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 is observed at the base of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S.

[0051] According to the characteristics of the projection image, in the first eyebox EB_S, as the observation point observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 moves from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes increasingly large, and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflective ghosting becomes increasingly small. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0, when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 with the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the lower right of the first position constraint point P1.

[0052] The horizontal coordinate of the second positional constraint point P2 is the distance from the intersection of the second connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghosting, when observing the point at the upper left corner of the second subprojection image 2112 at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M.

[0053] According to the characteristics of the projection image, in the second eyebox EB_M, as the observation point observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 moves from the vertex to the base of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes smaller and smaller, and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflective ghosting becomes larger and larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0, when observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 with the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the upper left of the second position constraint point P2. When observing the center of the second subprojection image 2112 using the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no reflective ghosting are also distributed to the upper left of the second positional constraint point P2.

[0054] The horizontal coordinate of the third positional constraint point P3 is the distance from the intersection of the third connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghosting, when the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 is observed at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T.

[0055] According to the characteristics of the projection image, in the third eyebox EB_T, as the observation point observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 moves from the vertex to the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes smaller and smaller, and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflective ghosting becomes larger and larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0, when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 with the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the upper left of the third position constraint point P3.

[0056] The horizontal coordinate of the fourth positional constraint point P4 is the distance from the intersection of the fourth connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghosting, when observing the point at the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 at the base of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M.

[0057] According to the characteristics of the projection image, in the second eyebox EB_M, as the observation point observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 moves from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes increasingly large, and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflective ghosting becomes increasingly small. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0, when observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 with the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the lower right of the fourth position constraint point P4. Here, when observing the center of the second subprojection image 2112 with the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost are also distributed to the lower right of the fourth position constraint point P4.

[0058] Therefore, the pre-defined region S0, formed by the sequential connection of the first position restriction point P1, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, and the fourth position restriction point P4, contains a distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no reflective ghosting when observing the center point of the projected image 211 from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S, from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M, and from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T. Consequently, the deviation between the continuous curve of the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle contained in the pre-defined region S0 and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflective ghosting when dynamically observing the center point of the projected image 211 on the perpendicular bisector of the eye box EB is relatively small. In other words, setting the wedge angle in the projection display region 11 can weaken, and even eliminate, reflective ghosting when dynamically observing the center point of the projected image 211.

[0059] Referring to Figures 4 and 6, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 4 in another embodiment. In this embodiment, the multiple position limit points further include a fifth position limit point P5 and a sixth position limit point P6, and the preset area S0 is formed by being enclosed by the sequential connection of the first position limit point P1, the fifth position limit point P5, the second position limit point P2, the third position limit point P3, the sixth position limit point P6, and the fourth position limit point P4. A fifth connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S and the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111. The coordinate information for the fifth position restriction point P5 includes the distance from the intersection of the fifth connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, based on observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S. The sixth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T to the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113. The coordinate information for the sixth position restriction point P6 includes the distance from the intersection of the sixth connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, based on observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 at the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T.

[0060] In this embodiment, the pre-defined region S0 is a hexagon, and the pre-defined region S0 is formed by being enclosed by the sequential connection of the first position restriction point P1, the fifth position restriction point P5, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, the sixth position restriction point P6, and the fourth position restriction point P4. Specifically, the pre-defined region S0 and the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle are in the same coordinate system, the horizontal coordinate is the distance from the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the wedge angle value.

[0061] The horizontal coordinate of the fifth positional constraint point P5 is the distance from the intersection of the fifth connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting, when the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 is observed at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S.

[0062] According to the characteristics of the projection image, in the first eyebox EB_S, as the observation point observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 moves from the vertex to the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S, the distance from the intersection point of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes smaller and smaller, and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflection ghosting becomes smaller and smaller. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0, when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 with the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghosting are distributed to the upper left of the fifth position constraint point P5.

[0063] The horizontal coordinate of the sixth positional constraint point P6 is the distance from the intersection of the sixth connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghosting, when the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 is observed at the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T.

[0064] According to the characteristics of the projection image, in the third eyebox EB_T, as the observation point observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 moves from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes increasingly large, and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflective ghosting becomes increasingly small. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0, when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 with the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the lower right of the sixth position constraint point P6.

[0065] Therefore, the pre-defined region S0 enclosed by the sequential connection of the first position restriction point P1, the fifth position restriction point P5, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, the sixth position restriction point P6, and the fourth position restriction point P4 more accurately contains the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no reflected ghost when observing different regions of the projected image 211 from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S, from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M, and from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T. Therefore, the deviation between the continuous curve contained within the preset region S0 of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0 and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflected ghosting when dynamically observing different regions of the projected image 211 with the perpendicular bisector of the eyebox is further reduced. In other words, setting the wedge angle in the projection display region 11 can further weaken and even eliminate ghosting when dynamically observing different regions of the projected image 211.

[0066] Referring to Figures 4 and 7, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in yet another embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 4. In this embodiment, the first position restriction point P1 and the fourth position restriction point P4 are connected to form the first position restriction line segment P1-P4, the second position restriction point P2 and the third position restriction point P3 are connected to form the second position restriction line segment P2-P3, the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle intersects the first position restriction line segment P1-P4, and / or the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle intersects the second position restriction line segment P2-P3.

[0067] In this embodiment, the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle intersects with the first position restriction line segment P1-P4, so that the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0. At the same time, when observing the segment of the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle located to the left of the first position restriction line segment P1-P4 and the region approaching the bottom of the first sub-projection image 2111 from a certain point on the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is reduced. Similarly, when observing the segment of the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle located to the left of the first position restriction line segment P1-P4 and the region approaching the bottom of the second sub-projection image 2112 from a certain point on the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is also reduced.

[0068] In this embodiment, the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle intersects the second position restriction line segment P2-P3, so that the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0. At the same time, when observing the segment of the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle located to the right of the second position restriction line segment P2-P3 and the region approaching the top of the second sub-projection image 2112 from a certain point on the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is reduced. Similarly, when observing the segment of the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle located to the right of the second position restriction line segment P2-P3 and the region approaching the top of the third sub-projection image 2113 from a certain point on the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is also reduced.

[0069] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves along the direction from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S and observes the central point of the first subprojection image 2111, the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghosting is distributed near the connecting line between the first position limit point P1 and the fifth position limit point P5. Preferably, the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle extends close to the connecting line between the first position limit point P1 and the fifth position limit point P5. This further reduces and eliminates reflection ghosting when dynamically observing the central region of the first subprojection image 2111.

[0070] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves along the direction from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T, and the theoretical wedge angle value obtained when there is no reflection ghosting is distributed near the connecting line between the third position limit point P3 and the sixth position limit point P6, preferably the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle extends close to the connecting line between the sixth position limit point P6 and the third position limit point P3. This further reduces and eliminates reflection ghosting when dynamically observing the central region of the third subprojection image 2113.

[0071] Referring to Figures 4 and 8, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in yet another embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 4. In this embodiment, the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle L0 passes through a seventh position limit point G. The seventh position limit point G is the center of mass of the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​in the coordinate system where the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle L0 is located, when there is no reflected ghosting when observing the second sub-projection image 2112 at each point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M.

[0072] In this embodiment, the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle passes through a seventh position limit point G. The seventh position limit point G is the center of mass of the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​in the coordinate system where the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle is located, when the second sub-projection image 2112 is observed with the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M, and there is no reflected ghosting. In other words, the ghosting is relatively small when the second sub-projection image 2112 is observed with the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M. Since the second eyebox EB_M is at the normal eye level of the driver in the driver's cab, it is guaranteed that there will be little ghosting when the driver dynamically observes the projected image 211 when the vehicle is shaking slightly or when the vehicle is not shaking.

[0073] Referring to Figures 4 and 9, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle of the projected display area and a preset area in yet another embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 4. In this embodiment, the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle passes through the eighth position limit point P8 and connects the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M to the center point of the second sub-projection image 2112 to obtain the eighth connecting line. The coordinate information of the eighth position limit point P8 includes the distance from the intersection of the eighth connecting line and the projected display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle when there is no reflective ghost when observing the center point of the second sub-projection image 2112 at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M.

[0074] In this embodiment, in a vehicle, the driver's eye position is typically at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M. At the same time, information of high importance displayed in the projected image 211 is typically displayed at the center of the projected image 211. Therefore, it is important that there is no reflective ghosting when the driver's eye observes the center point of the second sub-projected image 2112 at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M. Thus, it is advantageous for the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle to pass through the eighth positional limit point P8, so that the driver's eye observes the projected image 211 in a normal position when driving the vehicle.

[0075] To significantly mitigate dynamic ghosting, the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle preferably extends not only close to the connecting line between the first position limit point P1 and the fifth position limit point P5, but also close to the connecting line between the sixth position limit point P6 and the third position limit point P3, and passes through the seventh position limit point G or the eighth position limit point P8. Thus, local abrupt changes in the approximate curve L0 of the actual wedge angle can be avoided, and dynamic ghosting can be less likely to be observed on any of the multiple sub-eyebox surfaces EB11.

[0076] Referring again to Figure 1, in this embodiment, in the direction from the bottom edge 12 to the top edge 13 of the laminated glass 10, the ratio of the length of the segment 113 to the length of the projection display area 11 is 70% or more.

[0077] In this embodiment, in the direction from the bottom edge 12 to the top edge 13 of the laminated glass 10, the ratio of the length d1 of the segment 113 to the length d2 of the projected display area 11 is 70% or more, preferably 75% or more, or 80% or more, or 85% or more, or 90% or more, or 95% or more, or equal to 100%. Here, the length is obtained by measuring in the direction of progression from the lower edge 111 to the upper edge 112.

[0078] Referring to Figures 10 and 11, Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a head-up display system according to yet another embodiment of the present application, and Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the image formation of projection in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 10. In this embodiment, at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one first projection display area 114 and at least one second projection display area 115. A projection light source 21 is configured to project a ray onto the first projection display area 114 to form a first projection image 2121, the virtual image distance of the first projection image 2121 being 7m to 100m. A projection light source 21 is configured to project a ray onto the second projection display area 115 to form a second projection image 2131, the virtual image distance of the second projection image 2131 being 1m to 6m.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first projection display area 114 is used for long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 114 is used to merge display information with a real scene, and is used to project and display complex shapes corresponding to objects in the real world in order to realize interaction between road conditions, vehicle, and driver. The second projection display area 115 is used for short-distance projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 115 is used for short-distance display of vehicle operation parameter information, which reduces the need to lower the head to look at the meter panel or related information, making it easier for the driver to switch between near and far distances, reducing the need to lower the head to look at the meter panel, maximizing the driver's attention while driving, and improving driving safety.

[0080] Referring to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a head-up display system according to yet another embodiment of the present application, the projection assembly 20 comprises at least one first projection light source 212 and at least one second projection light source 213, wherein the first projection light source 212 is configured to project rays onto a first projection display area 114, and the second projection light source 213 is configured to project rays onto a second projection display area 115.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first projection light source 212 is used to project onto the first projection display area 114 for long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 114 is used to display information integrated into a real scene, and is used to project complex shapes corresponding to objects in the real world to realize interaction between road conditions, vehicles, and drivers. The second projection light source 213 is used to project onto the second projection display area 115 for short-distance projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 115 is used for short-distance display of vehicle operation parameter information, thereby reducing the need to lower the head to view the meter panel or related information, making it easier for the driver to switch between near and far distances, reducing the need to lower the head to view the meter panel, maximizing the driver's attention while driving, and improving driving safety.

[0082] In functional regions through which signals from sensors such as cameras and lidar are transmitted, a wedge-shaped intermediate adhesive layer can be used to optimize the transmission ghosting problem of the corresponding sensor. The wedge-shaped intermediate adhesive layer within the functional region has a fixed wedge angle or a wedge angle with a fixed slope. Since the wedge angle in this region is a fixed value or employs a changing curve that satisfies a simple linear function, production control of the wedge angle can be easily managed.

[0083] Embodiments of the present application also provide a method for designing a head-up display system 1. Referring to Figures 13, 14, and 15, Figure 13 is a flowchart of a method for designing a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the method for designing a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 13, and Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the first change curve in the method for designing a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 13. In this embodiment, the method for designing a head-up display system 1 is: To provide a projection assembly 20 and laminated glass 10 such that projection rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 are incident on at least one projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10. Designing the eyebox surface EB10 located inside the vehicle based on the observer inside the vehicle, The virtual image plane TB10 is designed based on the projected images 211 observed by observers inside the vehicle through their respective projection display areas 11, Here, the eye box surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eye box surfaces EB11 arranged sequentially from lower to higher, and the virtual image surface TB10 accordingly includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 arranged sequentially from higher to lower, with each sub-virtual image surface TB11 corresponding to one sub-eye box surface EB11. The selection involves selecting the observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub-eyebox surface EB11 and the virtual image dot matrix TB111 on each sub-virtual image surface TB11, wherein the connecting lines between points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and points in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 pass through the corresponding projection display area 11, and the intersection of the connecting lines and the projection display area 11 is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and multiple connecting lines, multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​of the laminated glass 10 are calculated when the projected image 211 does not have reflective ghosting at the corresponding incident point. Based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a first curve L10 of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting. Multiple positional constraint points are calculated based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and these multiple positional constraint points are sequentially connected to form a boundary around a predetermined region S0. The first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0. This includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 based on the adjusted first change curve L11.

[0084] In this embodiment, the laminated glass 10 is used as the windshield of a vehicle and is applied to the vehicle's head-up display system 1. The design method for the laminated glass 10 includes S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, S70, S80, and S90. S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, S70, S80, and S90 will be described in detail below.

[0085] S10 provides a projection assembly 20 and laminated glass 10, wherein a projection ray emitted from the projection assembly 20 is incident on at least one projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10.

[0086] S20, design the eyebox surface EB10 located inside the vehicle based on the observer inside the vehicle.

[0087] In S30, the virtual image plane TB10 is designed based on the projected images 211 observed by the observers inside the vehicle through their respective projection display areas 11.

[0088] In this embodiment, the eyebox surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces EB11 arranged sequentially from low to high, and the virtual image surface TB10 includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 arranged sequentially from high to low, with each sub-virtual image surface TB11 corresponding to one sub-eyebox surface EB11. Specifically, the eyebox surface EB10 is used to simulate the plane on which the eyes of an observer sitting in the driver's cab of a vehicle are located. The plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces EB11 are used to simulate the observer's eyes being at different heights, that is, the plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces EB11 are used to simulate the observer's different viewing angles. The virtual image surface TB10 is used to simulate a virtual image formed on the other side of the laminated glass 10 when projected light rays are reflected off the eyebox surface EB10 by the laminated glass 10. Sub-virtual image plane TB11This is used to simulate a virtual image formed on the other side of the laminated glass 10 when projected light rays are reflected by multiple sub-eyebox surfaces EB11 located at different positions on the laminated glass 10. Specifically, the multiple sub-eyebox surfaces EB11 and the multiple sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 exhibit a central symmetry relationship in terms of height correspondence. That is, the sub-eyebox surface EB11 with the highest height corresponds to the sub-virtual image surface TB11 with the lowest height, and the sub-eyebox surface EB11 with the lowest height corresponds to the sub-virtual image surface TB11 with the highest height.

[0089] In S40, the observation dot matrix EB111 is selected on each sub-eyebox surface EB11, and the virtual image dot matrix TB111 is selected on each sub-virtual image surface TB11. The connecting lines between points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and points in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 pass through the corresponding projection display area 11, and the intersection of the connecting lines and the projection display area 11 is the incident point.

[0090] In this embodiment, each point in the observation dot matrix EB111 corresponds to a position that simulates the observer's eye. Each point in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 corresponds to a virtual image formed on the virtual image surface TB10 when a projected light ray is reflected by the laminated glass 10 at a point on the eye box surface EB10. Specifically, each point in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 corresponds to one or more points in the observation dot matrix EB111, meaning that the observer can see the virtual image at the same position on the virtual image surface TB10 from different positions on the eye box surface EB10. Also, the observer can see virtual images at different positions on the virtual image surface TB10 from the same position on the eye box surface EB10.

[0091] Based on S50, the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and multiple connecting lines, multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​of the laminated glass 10 are calculated when the projected image 211 does not have reflective ghosting at the corresponding incident point.

[0092] In this embodiment, in the correspondingly provided sub-eyebox surface EB11 and sub-virtual image surface TB11, the connecting lines formed by connecting each point of the observation dot matrix EB111 and each point of the virtual image dot matrix TB111 intersect with the laminated glass 10, and these intersection points are the incident points. The theoretical wedge angle value of the incident point is calculated when the virtual image on the sub-virtual image surface TB11, as seen by the observer at each point in the observation dot matrix EB111, does not have reflective ghosting. The number of incident points used in the simulation calculation is the number of theoretical wedge angle values.

[0093] In S60, a first curve L10 of the change in wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value.

[0094] In this embodiment, the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 exhibit a discrete distribution. Specifically, in one embodiment, one sub-scatter plot of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​can be calculated for each corresponding sub-eyebox surface EB11 and sub-virtual image surface TB11, and the multiple sub-scatter plots can be integrated into the same coordinate system to form a scatter plot. The first change curve is obtained by function fitting to the scatter plots of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values. For example, the function may be a cubic, quartic, or quintic polynomial function, or a basic function such as an exponential, power, or logarithmic function, or a compound function consisting of these, but is not limited to these. The data curve fitting process can be performed using software such as Microsoft Excel, WPS, MATLAB, or OriginPro. Since an observer can see multiple images at different distances or angles at a certain point on the laminated glass 10, there are multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at this point. However, the wedge angle value at a certain point on the laminated glass 10 may be only one value. Furthermore, along the direction from the base 12 to the top 13 of the laminated glass 10, there are multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at other points that are the same distance from the base 12 as this point. However, it is suitable that the wedge angle value at a point on the laminated glass 10 that is a certain distance from the base 12 is a single value. Therefore, in order to reduce the ghosting phenomenon, it is necessary to appropriately select the wedge angle value at each incident point on the laminated glass 10. By function fitting multiple theoretical wedge angle values, the deviation between the wedge angle value in the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 and the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​can be made smaller, thereby reducing the ghosting phenomenon of the image projected onto the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 and improving the image quality of the laminated glass 10. In another embodiment, for multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each incident point, the average number of the maximum and minimum values ​​among the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at this point is selected, and then the average number of the maximum and minimum values ​​among the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each incident point is concatenated to form a first change curve L10.

[0095] In S70, multiple positional constraint points are calculated based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. These positional constraint points are then sequentially connected to form a boundary surrounding a predetermined region S0.

[0096] In this embodiment, the pre-set region S0 is a scattered distribution region that accommodates the theoretical wedge angle values ​​when the center point of the virtual image plane TB10 is observed at different heights from the eye box plane EB10 and there is no reflected ghost.

[0097] S80, the first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0.

[0098] In this embodiment, the first change curve L10 can be adjusted by adjusting the wedge angle value point or fitting function of the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0, but is not limited to these methods. The deviation between the actual wedge angle value corresponding to the continuous curve contained within the preset region S0 of the adjusted first change curve L11 and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost when the center point of the projected image 211 is observed at different heights of the eye box surface EB10 is small, that is, when the center of the projected image 211 is observed at different heights of the eye box surface EB10, there is little or no reflected ghost.

[0099] S90, based on the adjusted first change curve L11, the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 is determined.

[0100] In this embodiment, the first change curve L11 after adjustment determines the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10, thereby reducing the ghosting phenomenon when dynamically observing the image formed in the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 on the eye box surface EB10. Specifically, by selecting and designing the virtual image surface TB10, the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​in the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 can be calculated, fitted to obtain the adjusted first change curve L11 corresponding to the projection display area 11, and the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 can be determined.

[0101] In one embodiment, the first change curve L10 is adjusted and optimized. "Adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0" includes adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region.

[0102] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first change curve L10 is a curve obtained by fitting multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when the projected image 211 is observed at a specific position on the eye box surface EB10 and there is no reflected ghosting. The adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0, thereby ensuring that when the projected image 211 is observed at a specific position on the eye box surface EB10, reflected ghosting is small, or even absent, and when the center of the projected image 211 is dynamically observed at different positions on the eye box surface EB10, reflected ghosting is small, or even absent.

[0103] In this embodiment, the adjusted first change curve L11 conforms to a 1st to 4th degree function and has a continuous curve that decreases continuously and nonlinearly, thereby ensuring smoothness at various points in the adjusted first change curve L11 and preventing the reflection ghost from being intensified by sudden changes in local wedge angle values.

[0104] Referring to Figure 16, Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the design of the eyebox surface and virtual image surface in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 14. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the adjusted first change curve in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 16. In this embodiment, the eyebox surface EB10 includes a first sub-eyebox surface EB12, a second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and a third sub-eyebox surface EB14 arranged sequentially from low to high. The virtual image surface TB10 accordingly includes a first sub-virtual image surface TB12, a second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and a third sub-virtual image surface TB14 arranged sequentially from high to low. The preset region S0 is a polygon, and the multiple position restriction points include a first position restriction point P1, a second position restriction point P2, a third position restriction point P3, and a fourth position restriction point P4. Calculating multiple positional constraint points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is, The first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12 with the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12, and the first connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the first incident point, and the second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 with the upper left corner point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and the second connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the second incident point, and A third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 with the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14, and the third connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the third incident point; a fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 with the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and the fourth connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the fourth incident point; Based on the projection assembly 20, laminated glass 10, first connecting line, second connecting line, third connecting line, and fourth connecting line, the first position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the first incident point, the second position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the second incident point, the third position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the third incident point, and the fourth position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost at the fourth incident point are calculated. This includes obtaining a first position restriction point P1 based on a first position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10; obtaining a second position restriction point P2 based on a second position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10; obtaining a third position restriction point P3 based on a third position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10; and obtaining a fourth position restriction point P4 based on a fourth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. The vertices of the predefined region S0 include a first position restriction point P1, a second position restriction point P2, a third position restriction point P3, and a fourth position restriction point P4.

[0105] In this embodiment, since the eye box surface EB10 has multiple positions depending on its height from the ground, the different height positions of the eye box surface EB10 can be divided into a first sub-eye box surface EB12 in the lowest region, a second sub-eye box surface EB13 in the normal height region, and a third sub-eye box surface EB14 in the highest region. Accordingly, the virtual image surface TB10 has a first sub-virtual image surface TB12 corresponding to the first sub-eye box surface EB12, a second sub-virtual image surface TB13 corresponding to the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and a third sub-virtual image surface TB14 corresponding to the third sub-eye box surface EB14.

[0106] In this embodiment, a first sub-observation dot matrix EB121:m1*n1 is selected on the first sub-eyebox surface EB12. Here, m1 satisfies m1≧1 and is a natural number, and n1 satisfies n1≧1 and is a natural number. For example, m1 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. n1 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. A second sub-observation dot matrix EB131:m2*n2 is selected on the second sub-eyebox surface EB13. Here, m2 satisfies m2≧1 and is a natural number, and n2 satisfies n2≧1 and is a natural number. For example, m2 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. n2 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. m2 may be the same as or different from m1, and n2 may be the same as or different from n1. A third sub-observation dot matrix EB141:m3*n3 is selected on the third sub-eyebox surface EB14. Here, m3 satisfies m3≧1 and is a natural number, and n3 satisfies n3≧1 and is a natural number. For example, m3 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. n3 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. m3 is the same as or different from m1 and m2, and n3 is the same as or different from n1 and n2.

[0107] In this embodiment, a first sub-virtual image dot matrix TB121:i1*j1 is selected on the first sub-virtual image plane TB12. Here, i1 is a natural number satisfying i1≧1, and j1 is a natural number satisfying j1≧1. For example, i1 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. j1 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. A second sub-virtual image dot matrix TB131:i2*j2 is selected on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13. Here, i2 is a natural number satisfying i2≧1, and j2 is a natural number satisfying j2≧1. For example, i2 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. j2 may be 3, 5, or 8, etc., but is not limited to these. Here, i2 may be the same as or different from i1. j2 may be the same as or different from j1. A third sub-virtual image dot matrix TB141:i3*j3 is selected on the third sub-virtual image plane TB14. Here, i3 satisfies i3≧1 and is a natural number, and j3 satisfies j3≧1 and is a natural number. For example, i3 may be 3, 5, or 8, but is not limited to these. j3 may be 3, 5, or 8, but is not limited to these. i3 is the same as or different from i1 and i2, and j3 is the same as or different from j1 and j2. Furthermore, i1*j1 is the same as or different from m1*n1, i2*j2 is the same as or different from m2*n2, and i3*j3 is the same as or different from m3*n3.

[0108] Next, we will explain in detail how to calculate the first position restriction point P1, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, and the fourth position restriction point P4.

[0109] The first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12 with the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12, and the first connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the first incident point, and the second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 with the upper left corner point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and the second connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the second incident point. A third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 with the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14, and the third connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the third incident point. A fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 with the lower right corner point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and the fourth connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the fourth incident point.

[0110] Based on the projection assembly 20, laminated glass 10, the first connecting line, the second connecting line, the third connecting line, and the fourth connecting line, the first position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost at the first incident point, the second position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost at the second incident point, the third position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost at the third incident point, and the fourth position-limited theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost at the fourth incident point are calculated.

[0111] A first position restriction point P1 is obtained based on the first position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. A second position restriction point P2 is obtained based on the second position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. A third position restriction point P3 is obtained based on the third position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. A fourth position restriction point P4 is obtained based on the fourth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10.

[0112] In this embodiment, the pre-set region S0 is a rectangle, and the pre-set region S0 is formed by being enclosed by the sequential connection of a first position restriction point P1, a second position restriction point P2, a third position restriction point P3, and a fourth position restriction point P4. Specifically, the pre-set region S0 is in the same coordinate system as the adjusted first change curve L11, the horizontal coordinate is the distance to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the wedge angle value.

[0113] According to the characteristics of the projection image, as the observation point observing the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 moves from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox plane EB12, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 increases, and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting decreases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first change curve L11, when observing the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 with the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox plane EB12, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the lower right of the first position constraint point P1.

[0114] According to the characteristics of the projected image, as the observation point observing the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 moves from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13 toward the base point, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes smaller and smaller, and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting becomes larger and larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first change curve L11, when observing the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 with the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the upper left of the second position constraint point P2. Here, when observing the center point of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost are also distributed to the upper left of the second positional constraint point P2.

[0115] According to the characteristics of the projected image, as the observation point observing the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 moves from the vertex to the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox plane EB14, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes smaller and smaller, and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting becomes larger and larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first change curve L11, when observing the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 on the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox plane EB14, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the upper left of the third position constraint point P3.

[0116] According to the characteristics of the projected image, as the observation point observing the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 moves from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13 on the second sub-eyebox plane EB13, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes increasingly large, and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting becomes increasingly small. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first change curve L11, when observing the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the lower right of the fourth position constraint point P4. When observing the center point of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflected ghost are also distributed to the lower right of the fourth positional constraint point P4.

[0117] Therefore, the pre-defined region S0, formed by the sequential connection of the first position restriction point P1, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, and the fourth position restriction point P4, contains a distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no reflected ghosting, when observing the center point of the projected image 211 from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12, from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and from different points on the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14. Therefore, the deviation between the continuous curve contained within the preset region S0 of the actual wedge angle approximation curve L0 and the theoretical wedge angle value used to remove reflective ghosting when dynamically observing the center point of the virtual image plane TB10 with the perpendicular bisector of the eyebox plane EB10 is relatively small. In other words, setting the wedge angle in the projection display region 11 can reduce, and even eliminate, reflective ghosting when dynamically observing the center point of the projected image 211.

[0118] Referring to Figure 18, Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the first change curve after readjustment in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 17. In this embodiment, "the first position limit point P1 is obtained based on the first position limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, the second position limit point P2 is obtained based on the second position limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, the third position limit point P3 is obtained based on the third position limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the fourth position limit point P4 is obtained based on the fourth position limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10" is followed by "calculating multiple position limit points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value," which is further described as follows: A fifth connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12 with the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12, and the fifth connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the fifth incidence point; a sixth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 with the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14, and the sixth connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the sixth incidence point; Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, the fifth connecting line, and the sixth connecting line, the theoretical wedge angle value of the fifth position limit when there is no reflected ghost at the fifth incident point, and the theoretical wedge angle value of the sixth position limit when there is no reflected ghost at the sixth incident point are calculated. This includes obtaining a fifth position restriction point P5 based on a fifth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fifth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and obtaining a sixth position restriction point P6 based on a sixth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the sixth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. The vertices of the pre-defined region S0 further include the fifth position restriction point P5 and the sixth position restriction point P6, and the pre-defined region S0 is formed by being surrounded by the sequential connection of the first position restriction point P1, the fifth position restriction point P5, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, the sixth position restriction point P6, and the fourth position restriction point P4.

[0119] Next, we will explain in detail how to calculate the fifth position restriction point P5 and the sixth position restriction point P6.

[0120] A fifth connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12 with the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12, and the fifth connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the fifth incident point. A sixth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 with the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14, and the sixth connecting line and the projected display area 11 intersect at the sixth incident point.

[0121] Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, the fifth connecting line, and the sixth connecting line, the fifth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost at the fifth incident point and the sixth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost at the sixth incident point are calculated.

[0122] The fifth position restriction point P5 is obtained based on the fifth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fifth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the sixth position restriction point P6 is obtained based on the sixth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the sixth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10.

[0123] In this embodiment, the pre-set region S0 is a hexagon, and the pre-set region S0 is formed by being enclosed by the sequential connection of the first position restriction point P1, the fifth position restriction point P5, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, the sixth position restriction point P6, and the fourth position restriction point P4. Specifically, the pre-set region S0 is in the same coordinate system as the adjusted first change curve L11, the horizontal coordinate is the distance to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the wedge angle value.

[0124] According to the characteristics of the projection image, as the observation point observing the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 moves from the vertex to the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox plane EB12, the distance from the intersection point of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes smaller and smaller, and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting becomes larger and larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first change curve L11, when observing the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 with the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox plane EB12, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the upper left of the fifth position constraint point P5.

[0125] According to the characteristics of the projection image, as the observation point observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 moves from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14, the distance from the intersection of the line connecting the observation point and the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14 with the projection display area 11 to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 becomes increasingly large, and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing reflective ghosting becomes increasingly small. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first change curve L11, when observing the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14 on the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14, the scattered points of the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghosting are distributed to the lower right of the sixth position constraint point P6.

[0126] Therefore, the predetermined region S0, which is formed by the sequential connection of the first position restriction point P1, the fifth position restriction point P5, the second position restriction point P2, the third position restriction point P3, the sixth position restriction point P6, and the fourth position restriction point P4, is enclosed by different points on the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12, different points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and Third sub-eyebox surface EB14 When observing the center point of the virtual image plane TB10 from different points on the perpendicular bisector, the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no reflected ghost is more accurately included. Therefore, the deviation between the continuous curve contained in the preset region S0 of the adjusted first change curve L11 and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflected ghost when dynamically observing the center point of the virtual image plane TB10 on the perpendicular bisector of the eyebox plane EB10 is further reduced, that is, the setting of the wedge angle in the projection display region 11 is virtual image plane TB10 The ghosting that occurs when dynamically observing the center point can be further reduced, and even eliminated.

[0127] Referring to Figure 19, Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the readjusted first change curve in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 18. In this embodiment, the connecting line between the first position limit point P1 and the fourth position limit point P4 is the first position limit line segment P1-P4, and the connecting line between the second position limit point P2 and the third position limit point P3 is the second position limit line segment P2-P3. "Adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0" includes adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0, and the adjusted first change curve intersects the first position limit line segment P1-P4, and / or the adjusted first change curve intersects the second position limit line segment P2-P3.

[0128] In this embodiment, the first change curve L10 is adjusted and optimized.

[0129] Specifically, the first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained within a predetermined region S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 intersects the first position restriction line segments P1-P4 and / or intersects the second position restriction line segments P2-P3.

[0130] In this embodiment, the adjusted first change curve L11 intersects the first position restriction line segment P1-P4, so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0. At the same time, when observing the segment of the adjusted first change curve L11 located to the left of the first position restriction line segment P1-P4 and the region approaching the bottom of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 from a certain point on the vertical bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is reduced. Similarly, when observing the segment of the adjusted first change curve L11 located to the left of the first position restriction line segment P1-P4 and the region approaching the bottom of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 from a certain point on the vertical bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is also reduced.

[0131] In this embodiment, the adjusted first change curve L11 intersects the second position restriction line segment P2-P3, so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained within a preset region S0. At the same time, when observing the segment of the adjusted first change curve L11 located to the right of the second position restriction line segment P2-P3 and the region approaching the top of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 from a certain point on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is reduced. Similarly, when observing the segment of the adjusted first change curve L11 located to the right of the second position restriction line segment P2-P3 and the region approaching the bottom of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 from a certain point on the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14, the deviation from the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghost is also reduced.

[0132] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves along the direction from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12 and observes the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12, the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflection ghosting is distributed near the connecting line between the first position limit point P1 and the fifth position limit point P5. Preferably, the adjusted first change curve L11 extends close to the connecting line between the first position limit point P1 and the fifth position limit point P5, thereby further weakening, and even eliminating, reflection ghosting when dynamically observing the central region of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12.

[0133] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves along the direction from the base to the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 and observes the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14, and the theoretical wedge angle value obtained when there is no reflection ghost is distributed near the connecting line between the third position limit point P3 and the sixth position limit point P6, preferably the adjusted first change curve L11 extends close to the connecting line between the sixth position limit point P6 and the third position limit point P3, thereby further weakening and even eliminating reflection ghost when dynamically observing the central region of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14.

[0134] Referring to Figure 20, Figure 20 is a schematic diagram showing that the adjusted first change curve in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 19 passes through the seventh position limit point. In this embodiment, "calculating multiple position limit points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10" is, Multiple seventh connecting lines are obtained by connecting observation points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 with virtual image points on the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and multiple seventh connecting lines intersect with the projection display area 11 to obtain multiple seventh incident points. Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and the multiple seventh connecting lines, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​of multiple seventh positional constraints when there is no reflected ghost at multiple seventh incident points are calculated, This includes obtaining a scattered distribution based on multiple seventh position-restricting theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from multiple seventh incident points to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and calculating the center of mass of the scattered distribution to obtain the seventh position-restricting point G. "Adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0" includes adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0, and that the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the seventh position restriction point G.

[0135] Next, we will explain in detail the calculation of the seventh positional constraint point G and the adjustment of the first change curve L10.

[0136] Multiple seventh connecting lines are obtained by connecting observation points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 with virtual image points on the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and multiple seventh connecting lines intersect with the projection display area 11 to obtain multiple seventh incident points.

[0137] Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and the multiple seventh connecting lines, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for multiple seventh positional constraints are calculated when there is no reflected ghost at the multiple seventh incident points.

[0138] A scattered point distribution is obtained based on multiple seventh position constraint theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from multiple seventh incident points to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. The center of mass of the scattered point distribution is calculated to obtain the seventh position constraint point G.

[0139] The first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the seventh position restriction point G.

[0140] In this embodiment, the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the seventh position limit point G. The seventh position limit point G is the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and when observing the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, the number of theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting is... Adjusted first change curve L11 The center of mass of the distribution in the coordinate system in which it is located is the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and therefore, when observing the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, ghosting is relatively small. Since the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 is at the normal eye level of the driver in the driver's cab, it is guaranteed that ghosting will be small when the driver dynamically observes the projected image 211 when the vehicle is shaking slightly or when the vehicle is not shaking.

[0141] Referring to Figure 21, Figure 21 shows that the adjusted first change curve in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 19 is the 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional restriction points. "Calculating multiple positional restriction points based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10" is The midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 and the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13 are connected to obtain the eighth connecting line, and the eighth connecting line and the projection display area 11 intersect to obtain the eighth incident point, Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and the eighth connecting line, the eighth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value is calculated when there is no reflected ghost at the eighth incident point, This includes obtaining the eighth position restriction point P8 based on the eighth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the eighth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. "Adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0" includes adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0, and that the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the eighth position restriction point P8.

[0142] Next, we will explain in detail the calculation of the eighth positional constraint point P8 and the adjustment of the first change curve L10.

[0143] The midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 is connected to the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13 to obtain the eighth connecting line, and the eighth connecting line intersects with the projection display area 11 to obtain the eighth incident point.

[0144] Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and the eighth connecting line, the eighth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value is calculated when there is no reflected ghost at the eighth incident point.

[0145] The eighth positional constraint point P8 is obtained based on the eighth positional constraint theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the eighth incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10.

[0146] The first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that fits within a predetermined region S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the eighth position restriction point P8.

[0147] In this embodiment, the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the eighth position limit point P8. In a vehicle, the driver's eye is typically located at the center point of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13. At the same time, information of high importance displayed in the projected image 211 is typically displayed at the center point of the projected image 211, i.e., the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13. Therefore, it is important that there is no reflective ghosting when the driver's eye observes the center point of the projected image 211 at the center point of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13. Thus, the fact that the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the eighth position limit point P8 is advantageous for the driver to observe the projected image 211 at a normal position when driving the vehicle.

[0148] Referring again to Figure 15, in this embodiment, the ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the overall range ΔC of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​satisfies ΔW / ΔC ≤ 0.9.

[0149] The ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the overall range ΔC of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​satisfies ΔW / ΔC ≤ 0.9, thereby reducing the discreteness of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values, and consequently reducing the discreteness of the scatter plot, increasing the smoothness of the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle, i.e., reducing the slope of the approximation curve L0 of the actual wedge angle, thereby reducing the rate of change of the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 and lowering the difficulty of producing the laminated glass 10. Note that the maximum local range ΔW of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the local range. The local range means the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at a position where the distance to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is X. The overall range ΔC of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​refers to the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of all theoretical wedge angle values.

[0150] Referring to Figure 22, Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of adjusted two adjacent first change curves of the same type of projection display area in a design method for a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 13. In this embodiment, at least one projection display area 11 includes at least two first projection display areas 114, or at least two second projection display areas 115, which are fitted to obtain at least two adjusted first change curves L11 of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. If the maximum deviation of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is greater than 0.15 mrad, then the design method for the head-up display system 1 further determines the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 based on the adjusted first change curves L11. The distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is adjusted, Recalculating several new theoretical wedge angle values, Based on several new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first change curve L10 of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting, and a new pre-set region S1 is calculated. The new first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve L12 has a continuous curve contained within a new pre-set region S1. Determine whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve L12 and one of the other two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is 0.15 mrad or less. If you decide no, repeat the above steps. If the determination is yes, the method includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or second projection display area 115 of the laminated glass 10 based on the adjusted new first change curve L12.

[0151] In this embodiment, if two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation is equal to the maximum value of the difference between the two adjusted first change curves L11 in the overlapping portion. If two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 do not have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation is equal to the difference between the wedge angle values ​​at the nearest endpoints of the two adjusted first change curves L11.

[0152] If the maximum deviation is greater than 0.15 mrad, the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 must be adjusted so that the maximum deviation of the two designed adjusted first change curves L11 is 0.15 mrad or less, or 0.10 mrad or less, or 0.08 mrad or less, or 0.05 mrad or less.

[0153] Specifically, after "determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 based on the adjusted first change curve L11," it is necessary to adjust at least one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11.

[0154] The distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is adjusted.

[0155] The wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11. Under the same conditions, the larger the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11, the smaller the wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting. In this embodiment, the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one adjusted first change curve L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be increased, and / or the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to the other adjusted first change curve L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be decreased, so that the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 are brought closer to the design target.

[0156] Recalculate several new theoretical wedge angle values.

[0157] In this embodiment, after adjusting the distance between the virtual image plane TB10 and the eyebox plane EB10, a new first change curve L10 obtained by fitting a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​calculated based on the calculation method of the above embodiment is closer to the design target.

[0158] Based on several new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first change curve L10 of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting, and a new preset region S1 is calculated.

[0159] The new first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve L12 has a continuous curve that fits within a new preset region S1.

[0160] Determine whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve L12 and one of the other two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is 0.15 mrad or less.

[0161] In this embodiment, Adjusted new first change curve L12 Then, it is determined whether the maximum deviation between the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 and the other one is 0.15 mrad or less. If it is determined that no, the eye box surface EB10 and the adjacent two The distance between the virtual image plane TB10 and one of the first change curves L11 after adjustment is repeatedly adjusted. If it is determined to be yes, a wedge angle value is selected.

[0162] Based on the adjusted new first change curve L12, the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or second projection display area 115 of the laminated glass 10 is determined.

[0163] Referring to Figure 23, Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of adjusted two adjacent first change curves of different projection display areas in a design method for a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 13. In this embodiment, at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one first projection display area 114 and at least one second projection display area 115, and after fitting to obtain at least two adjusted first change curves L11 of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10, and if the maximum deviation of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is greater than 0.2 mrad, the design method for the head-up display system 1 further determines the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 based on the adjusted first change curves L11, The distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is adjusted, Recalculating several new theoretical wedge angle values, Based on several new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first change curve L10 of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting, and a new pre-set region S1 is calculated. The new first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve L12 has a continuous curve contained within a new pre-set region S1. Determine whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve and one of the other two adjacent adjusted first change curves is 0.2 mrad or less. If you decide no, repeat the above steps. If it is determined that yes, this includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or second projection display area 115 of the laminated glass 10 based on the adjusted new first change curve.

[0164] In this embodiment, if two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation is equal to the maximum value of the difference between the two adjusted first change curves L11 in the overlapping portion. If two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 do not have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation is equal to the difference between the wedge angle values ​​at the nearest endpoints of the two adjusted first change curves L11.

[0165] If the maximum deviation is greater than 0.2 mrad, the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 must be adjusted to set the maximum deviation of the two designed adjusted first change curves L11 to 0.2 mrad or less, or 0.15 mrad or less, or 0.10 mrad or less, or 0.08 mrad or less, or 0.05 mrad or less.

[0166] Specifically, after "determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 based on the adjusted first change curve L11," it is necessary to adjust at least one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11.

[0167] The distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is adjusted.

[0168] The wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11. Under the same conditions, the larger the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11, the smaller the wedge angle value for eliminating reflective ghosting. In this embodiment, the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one adjusted first change curve L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be increased, and / or the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to the other adjusted first change curve L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be decreased, so that the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 are brought closer to the design target.

[0169] Recalculate several new theoretical wedge angle values.

[0170] In this embodiment, after adjusting the distance between the virtual image plane TB10 and the eyebox plane EB10, a new first change curve L10 obtained by fitting a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​calculated based on the calculation method of the above embodiment is closer to the design target.

[0171] Based on several new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first change curve L10 of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting, and a new preset region S1 is calculated.

[0172] The new first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve L12 has a continuous curve that fits within a new preset region S1.

[0173] We determine whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve L12 and one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is 0.2 mrad or less.

[0174] In this embodiment, it is determined whether the maximum deviation between the newly adjusted first change curve L12 and one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is 0.2 mrad or less. If it is determined that this is not the case, the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is repeatedly adjusted. If it is determined that this is the case, a wedge angle value is selected.

[0175] Based on the adjusted new first change curve L12, the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or second projection display area 115 of the laminated glass 10 is determined.

[0176] Referring again to Figure 23, in this embodiment, new The set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​has a maximum local range ΔWU, new The set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​has an overall range ΔCU, and the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU ≤ 0.9.

[0177] In this embodiment, the first projection display area 114 corresponds new Multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and corresponding to the second projection display area 115 newThe set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​has a maximum local range ΔWU and an overall range ΔCU, and the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU ≤ 0.9. In this way, the overall discreteness of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​can be reduced, increasing the smoothness of the adjusted first change curve L11 and the adjusted new first change curve L12, that is, reducing the overall slope of the adjusted first change curve L11 and the adjusted new first change curve L12, thereby reducing the overall wedge angle change rate of the laminated glass 10 and lowering the difficulty of producing the laminated glass 10. Note that the maximum local range ΔWU of the set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​refers to the maximum value among the local ranges of the set. The local range of the set is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at a position where the distance to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10 is X. The overall range ΔCU of a set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​in the entire set of theoretical wedge angle values.

[0178] Referring to Figures 24, 25, and 26, Figure 24 is a schematic diagram of the design of the observation dot matrix and virtual dot matrix in a design method for a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 25 is a scatter plot of theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting, in the design method for a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 24, when the second sub-virtual image plane is observed using the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane; and Figure 26 is a scatter plot of theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting, in the design method for a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 24, when the three sub-virtual image planes are observed using the perpendicular bisectors of the three sub-eyebox planes.

[0179] In one embodiment of the present application, at least one projection display area 11 includes one first projection display area 114 and one second projection display area 115. The first projection display area 114 corresponds to an AR-HUD and has a projection display distance of 10,000 mm. The second projection display area 115 corresponds to a W-HUD and has a projection display distance of 3,200 mm.

[0180] The laminated glass 10 comprises a first transparent substrate, an intermediate adhesive layer, and a second transparent substrate. The maximum thickness of the first transparent substrate is 1.8 mm, the maximum thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer is 0.76 mm, and the maximum thickness of the second transparent substrate is 1.8 mm. The mounting angle when the laminated glass 10 is installed on the windshield of a vehicle is 27°.

[0181] Vertical curvature of the first projection display area 114 and the second projection display area 115 The radius R is 5 400mm ~5 It is 500mm, and the curvature in the lateral direction The radius R is 2 500mm ~2 It is 550mm.

[0182] The eye box surface EB10 measures 120mm x 50mm, the center of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 is 40mm lower than the center of the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and the center of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 is 40mm higher than the center of the second sub-eye box surface EB13.

[0183] With respect to the first projection display area 114, the corresponding look-down angle of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12 is -1°, the corresponding look-down angle of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 is -2.6°, and the corresponding look-down angle of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 is -4.2°. The corresponding look-over angles of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12, the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 are all 0°, and the field of view is 10° ° The angle is ×4°. The distance from the midpoint of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 to the intersection of the principal optical axis of the first projection light source 212 and the surface of the laminated glass 10 closest to the interior of the vehicle is 826 mm, and the incident angle of the first projection light source 212 is 68°.

[0184] With respect to the second projection display area 115, the corresponding downward viewing angle of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12 is -3.9°, the corresponding downward viewing angle of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 is -5.5°, and the corresponding downward viewing angle of the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 is -7.3°. The corresponding horizontal viewing angles of the first sub-eyebox surface EB12, the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 are all 0°, and the field of view is 7°. ° The angle is ×2°. The distance from the midpoint of the second sub-eyebox surface EB13 to the intersection of the principal optical axis of the second projection light source 213 and the surface of the laminated glass 10 closest to the interior of the vehicle is 933 mm, and the incident angle of the first projection light source 212 is 66°.

[0185] The observation dot matrix EB111 m*n on the first sub-eyebox surface EB12, the second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and the third sub-eyebox surface EB14 is a 5*3 dot matrix (see Figure 24), and the virtual image dot matrix TB111 i*j on the two sets of first sub-virtual image surfaces TB12, the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and the third sub-virtual image surface TB14 is also 5*3. According to the design method of the head-up display system 1 in the embodiment described above, theoretical wedge angle values ​​for removing ghosts are sequentially calculated for the first projection display area 114 and the second projection display area 115, and these are created as scatter plots. As an example, a scatter plot created based on the fact that points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13 correspond to points on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 (see Figure 25), in Figure 25, EB_Rm corresponds to a point on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox plane EB13, RiCj represents a point on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13, and the combination of EB_Rm and RiCj is a point EB_RmThe theoretical wedge angle values ​​when point RiCj is observed without ghosting are shown. Here, m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and j = 1, 2, 3. Furthermore, when the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 is observed from the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox plane EB12, the scattered distribution rule for the theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting is the same as in Figure 25, and when the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 is observed from the third sub-eyebox plane EB14, the scattered distribution rule for the theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting is the same as in Figure 25, and a scattered distribution as shown in Figure 26 can be calculated. Also, when the virtual image plane TB10 is observed at a point on a line parallel to the perpendicular bisector on the eyebox plane EB10, the scattered distribution rule for the theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no ghosting is almost the same as in Figure 26, and a scattered distribution can be calculated. Ultimately, 1350 theoretical wedge angle values ​​were calculated. The maximum value was 0.602 mrad, corresponding to a distance of 289.3 mm to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. The minimum value was 0.14 mrad, corresponding to a distance of 615.5 mm to the base 12 of the laminated glass 10. The overall range of the 1350 theoretical wedge angle values ​​is ΔCU = 0.462 mrad.

[0186] According to the design method for head-up display system 1, First projection display area 114 For this purpose, the first positional limit point P1(AR), the second positional limit point P2(AR), the third positional limit point P3(AR), the fourth positional limit point P4(AR), the fifth positional limit point P5(AR), the sixth positional limit point P6(AR), and the seventh positional limit point G(AR) can be calculated to remove the ghost. Specifically, these are as shown in the table below.

[0187] [Table 1]

[0188] According to the design method for head-up display system 1, Second projection display area 115For this purpose, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, sixth, and seventh position constraint points P1(W), P2(W), P3(W), P4(W), P5(W), P6(W), and G(W) can be calculated to remove the ghost. Specifically, these are as shown in the table below.

[0189] [Table 2]

[0190] Fitting function Y = -6.811248E-09X 3 +1.276708E-05X 2 The first change curve L11 after adjustment is obtained by fitting and adjusting according to -8.413138E-03X+2.138185, with X=288~740mm and Y=0.61~0.14mrad. The first change curve L11 after adjustment passes through regions P1(W)-P5(W)-P2(W)-P3(W)-P6(W)-P4(W) and regions P1(AR)-P5(AR)-P2(AR)-P3(AR)-P6(AR)-P4(AR), respectively, and crosses P1(W)-P4(W) and P2(AR)-P3(AR). Furthermore, since ΔWU ≈ 0.24 mrad and ΔWU / ΔCU ≈ 0.52, dynamic ghosting can be significantly reduced by selecting the wedge angle value in the first projection display area 114 and the second projection display area 115 according to the adjusted first change curve L11.

[0191] To ensure clarity, the embodiments and drawings of this application illustrate a head-up display system and a method for designing a head-up display system in which the projection display area is located on the left side. However, the application is not limited to this and can also be applied to a head-up display system and a method for designing a head-up display system in which the projection display area is located on the right side.

[0192] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, these embodiments are illustrative and should not be understood as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can modify, alter, substitute, and transform the embodiments within the scope of this application. These improvements and enhancements should also fall within the scope of protection of this application. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0193] 1…Head-up display system, 10…Laminated glass, 20…Projection assembly, 11…Projection display area, 12…Bottom edge, 13…Top edge, 21…Projection light source, 111…Lower edge, 112…Upper edge, 113…Segment, 114…First projection display area, 115…Second projection display area, 211…Projected image, 212…First projection light source, 213…Second projection light source, 2111…First sub-projection image, 2112…Second sub-projection image, 2113…Third sub-projection image, 2121 ...First projection image, 2131...Second projection image, L0...Approximate curve of actual wedge angle, L10...First change curve, L11...Adjusted first change curve, L12...New adjusted first change curve, EB...Eyebox, EB_S...First eyebox, EB_M...Second eyebox, EB_T...Third eyebox, S0...Pre-set region, S1...New pre-set region, P1...First position constraint point, P2...Second position constraint point, P3...Third position constraint point, P4...4th position restriction point, P5...5th position restriction point, P6...6th position restriction point, G...7th position restriction point, P8...8th position restriction point, P1-P4...1st position restriction line segment, P2-P3...2nd position restriction line segment, EB10...Eye box surface, EB11...Sub-eye box surface, EB12...1st sub-eye box surface, EB13...2nd sub-eye box surface, EB14...3rd sub-eye box surface, EB111...Observation dot matrix, EB121...1st sub-observation Dot matrix, EB131...Second sub-observation dot matrix, EB141...Third sub-observation dot matrix, TB10...Virtual image plane, TB11...Sub-virtual image plane, TB12...First sub-virtual image plane, TB13...Second sub-virtual image plane, TB14...Third sub-virtual image plane, TB111...Virtual image dot matrix, TB121...First sub-virtual image dot matrix, TB131...Second sub-virtual image dot matrix, TB141...Third sub-virtual image dot matrix.

Claims

1. It is a head-up display system, Equipped with laminated glass and projection assembly, The laminated glass has at least one projection display area, each of which, when the laminated glass is mounted on a vehicle, has a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness of the laminated glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass at the lower edge of the projection display area, and has segments in which the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower edge to the upper edge, and at any point on the segment there is a measured wedge angle and a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​when there is no reflected ghost. The approximate curve of the actual wedge angle is obtained by fitting the measured wedge angle at the position of each point within the segment, the multiple positional limit points are calculated based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at the position of each point within the segment and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angle values, the preset region is formed by enclosing the multiple positional limit points by sequentially connecting them, and the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle has a continuous curve contained within the preset region. The projection assembly comprises at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area, and projection rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projected image. The head-up display system comprises a first eye box, a second eye box, and a third eye box arranged from low to high, and the projected image includes a first sub-projection image, a second sub-projection image, and a third sub-projection image arranged from high to low. The aforementioned pre-defined region is a polygon, and the plurality of positional restriction points include a first positional restriction point, a second positional restriction point, a third positional restriction point, and a fourth positional restriction point. The first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the vertical bisector of the first eyebox and the center point of the first sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the first position limit point includes the distance from the intersection of the first connecting line and the projection display area to the base edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image at the base point of the vertical bisector of the first eyebox. The second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the vertical bisector of the second eyebox with the point at the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the second positional constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the second connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the point at the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image at the vertex of the vertical bisector of the second eyebox. The third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox with the center point of the third sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the third positional limit point includes the distance from the intersection of the third connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox. The fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the vertical bisector of the second eyebox and the point of the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the fourth position constraint point includes the distance from the intersection of the fourth connecting line and the projection display area to the base edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the point of the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image at the base point of the vertical bisector of the second eyebox. A head-up display system characterized by the following features.

2. The first change curve is obtained by fitting a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​at the position of each point in the segment, and the maximum deviation value between the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve is 0.15 mrad or less. The head-up display system according to claim 1.

3. The wedge angle within the segment decreases continuously and nonlinearly from the lower edge to the upper edge, and both the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve correspond to a linear to quadratic function. The head-up display system according to claim 2, characterized by the feature described above.

4. The plurality of positional restriction points further include a fifth positional restriction point and a sixth positional restriction point, and the predetermined region is formed by being surrounded by the first positional restriction point, the fifth positional restriction point, the second positional restriction point, the third positional restriction point, the sixth positional restriction point, and the fourth positional restriction point being connected in order. The fifth connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the vertical bisector of the first eyebox with the center point of the first sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the fifth positional limit point includes the distance from the intersection of the fifth connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image at the vertex of the vertical bisector of the first eyebox. The sixth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the vertical bisector of the third eyebox and the center point of the third sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the sixth positional limit point includes the distance from the intersection of the sixth connecting line and the projection display area to the base edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image at the base point of the vertical bisector of the third eyebox. The head-up display system according to claim 1.

5. The first position restriction line segment is formed by connecting the first position restriction point and the fourth position restriction point, the second position restriction line segment is formed by connecting the second position restriction point and the third position restriction point, the approximation curve of the actual wedge angle intersects the first position restriction line segment, and / or the approximation curve of the actual wedge angle intersects the second position restriction line segment. The head-up display system according to claim 1.

6. The approximation curve of the actual wedge angle passes through a seventh positional constraint point, which is the center of mass of the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​in the coordinate system where the approximation curve of the actual wedge angle is located, when observing the second subprojection image at each point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox, in the absence of reflected ghosting. A head-up display system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the above.

7. The approximate curve of the actual wedge angle passes through the eighth position limit point, the eighth connecting line is obtained by connecting the midpoint of the vertical bisector of the second eyebox and the center point of the second sub-projection image, and the coordinate information of the eighth position limit point includes the distance from the intersection of the eighth connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no reflective ghost when the center point of the second sub-projection image is observed at the midpoint of the vertical bisector of the second eyebox. A head-up display system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the above.

8. In the direction from the bottom edge to the top edge of the laminated glass, the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is 70% or more. The head-up display system according to claim 1.

9. The at least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area. The projection light source is configured to project light rays onto the first projection display area to form a first projection image, and the virtual image distance of the first projection image is 7 m to 100 m. The projection light source is configured to project light rays onto the second projection display area to form a second projection image, and the virtual image distance of the second projection image is 1 m to 6 m. The head-up display system according to claim 1.

10. The projection assembly comprises at least one first projection light source and at least one second projection light source, wherein the first projection light source is configured to project a ray onto the first projection display area, and the second projection light source is configured to project a ray onto the second projection display area. The head-up display system according to feature 9.

11. A method for designing a head-up display system, To provide a projection assembly and laminated glass, wherein a projection ray emitted from the projection assembly is incident on at least one projection display area of ​​the laminated glass. To provide, Designing the eyebox surface located inside the vehicle based on the observer inside the vehicle, Designing a virtual image surface based on the projected images observed by observers inside the vehicle through their respective projection display areas, Here, the eyebox surface includes a plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces arranged sequentially from lower to higher, and the virtual image surface includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces arranged sequentially from higher to lower, with each sub-virtual image surface corresponding to one sub-eyebox surface. The selection involves selecting an observation dot matrix on each sub-eyebox surface and a virtual image dot matrix on each sub-virtual image surface, wherein the connecting lines between points in the observation dot matrix and points in the virtual image dot matrix pass through the corresponding projection display area, and the intersection of the connecting lines and the projection display area is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the multiple connecting lines, calculate multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for the laminated glass when the projected image does not have reflective ghosting at the corresponding incident point. Based on the aforementioned plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each of the aforementioned theoretical wedge angle values, a first curve of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is obtained by fitting. Based on the aforementioned multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each of the aforementioned theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, multiple positional restriction points are calculated, and these multiple positional restriction points are sequentially connected to form a boundary around a predetermined region. The first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within the predetermined region. This includes determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the first change curve after adjustment, The eye box surface includes a first sub-eye box surface, a second sub-eye box surface, and a third sub-eye box surface arranged sequentially from lower to higher points, the virtual image surface accordingly includes a first sub-virtual image surface, a second sub-virtual image surface, and a third sub-virtual image surface arranged sequentially from higher to lower points, the preset region is a polygon, and the plurality of position restriction points include a first position restriction point, a second position restriction point, a third position restriction point, and a fourth position restriction point. Calculating multiple positional constraint points based on the aforementioned multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each of the aforementioned theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is, A first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eyebox surface and the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface, the first connecting line and the projected display area intersect at the first incident point, a second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface and the point of the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image surface, the second connecting line and the projected display area intersect at the second incident point, a third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eyebox surface and the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface, the third connecting line and the projected display area intersect at the third incident point, a fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eyebox surface and the point of the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image surface, the fourth connecting line and the projected display area intersect at the fourth incident point, Based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the first connecting line, a first position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value is calculated when there is no reflective ghost at the first incident point; based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the second connecting line, a second position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value is calculated when there is no reflective ghost at the second incident point; based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the third connecting line, a third position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value is calculated when there is no reflective ghost at the third incident point; and based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the fourth connecting line, a fourth position-limiting theoretical wedge angle value is calculated when there is no reflective ghost at the fourth incident point. This includes obtaining a first position restriction point based on the first position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; obtaining a second position restriction point based on the second position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; obtaining a third position restriction point based on the third position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; and obtaining a fourth position restriction point based on the fourth position restriction theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass. A method for designing a head-up display system characterized by the following:

12. The design method for the head-up display system further includes, after fitting the at least one projection display area to obtain at least two adjusted first change curves of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted first change curves if the maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first change curves is greater than 0.15 mrad, the design method for the head-up display system further includes, Adjusting the distance between the eye box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent first change curves after adjustment, Recalculating several new theoretical wedge angle values, Based on the new set of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angle values, a new first curve of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is obtained by fitting, and a new preset region is calculated. The new first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within the new preset region. Determine whether the maximum deviation between the newly adjusted first change curve and one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves is 0.15 mrad or less. If you decide no, repeat the above steps. If the determination is yes, the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area of ​​the laminated glass is determined based on the new first change curve after the adjustment, A method for designing a head-up display system according to feature 11.

13. The design method for the head-up display system further includes, the at least one projection display area comprising at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area, and fitting to obtain at least two adjusted first change curves of the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and if the maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first change curves is greater than 0.2 mrad, then determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of ​​the laminated glass based on the adjusted first change curves, the design method for the head-up display system further, Adjusting the distance between the eye box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent first change curves after adjustment, Recalculating several new theoretical wedge angle values, Based on the new set of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angle values, a new first curve of change in the wedge angle with respect to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is obtained by fitting, and a new preset region is calculated. The new first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve has a continuous curve that fits within the new preset region. Determine whether the maximum deviation between the newly adjusted first change curve and one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves is 0.2 mrad or less. If you decide no, repeat the above steps. If the determination is yes, the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area of ​​the laminated glass is determined based on the new first change curve after the adjustment, A method for designing a head-up display system according to feature 11.

Images