Construction method for composite slabs and composite slabs

Abstract

To improve the workability of a synthetic slab that integrates wood boards and concrete.SOLUTION: A construction method of a synthetic slab 100 includes a bulge forming step in which a bulge is formed on a wooden board 110, a wood board installation step in which the wood board 110 with the bulge formed is installed by spanning between beams 10, a deck plate installation step of placing a deck plate 120 on the wooden board 110 and spanning the deck plate 120 between the beams 10, a fastening step of fastening the wooden board 110 and the deck plate 120 from above the deck plate 120 with a screw 90, and a placement step of placing concrete on the deck plate 120.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction method for a composite slab and a composite slab.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to a joining method between a reinforcing bar truss and a formwork in a composite floor slab. In this prior art, the reinforcing bar truss is provided with a curl in advance. [[ID=1十三]]

[0003] Patent Document 2 discloses a technique related to a mineral fiber board ceiling material that prevents sagging during moisture absorption. In this prior art, the mineral fiber board ceiling material is formed by laminating and integrating upper and lower mineral fiber layers. The moisture absorption linear expansion rate of the upper mineral fiber layer is formed to be larger than that of the lower mineral fiber layer so that the central portion warps upward during moisture absorption.

[0004] Patent Document 3 discloses a technique related to a manufacturing method of a floor material in which a cushion material is laminated on the back surface of a veneer plywood having a back groove. In this prior art, a cushion material is laminated on the back surface of the veneer plywood having a back groove with an adhesive in a state where a water-absorbing sheet expanded by water absorption is sandwiched, and then the water-absorbing sheet is shrunk by drying.

[0005] <00000十八]] Patent Document 4 discloses a technique related to a formwork for a concrete slab of a building. In this prior art, the formwork for the concrete slab includes a wooden board, one or more deck plates arranged on the wooden board, and a plurality of rows of trusses with reinforcing bars arranged on the deck plates.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

[0007] A composite slab is known that integrates wood panels and concrete. However, since wood panels sag under their own weight when stretched across beams, construction often requires correction of the sagging, making the process time-consuming and leaving room for improvement.

[0008] In view of the above facts, the object of the present invention is to improve the constructability of a composite slab that integrates wood panels and concrete. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The first embodiment is a construction method for a composite slab, comprising: a curvature forming step of forming a curve in a wooden board; a wooden board installation step of installing the curved wooden board by stretching it between beams; a deck plate installation step of placing a deck plate on the wooden board and installing the deck plate by stretching it between beams; a fastening step of fastening the wooden board and the deck plate together with screws from above the deck plate; and a pouring step of pouring concrete on top of the deck plate.

[0010] In the construction method of the composite slab according to the first embodiment, concrete is poured onto a deck plate placed on top of a wooden board that is stretched between beams. Compared to the case where concrete is poured directly onto the wooden board, waterproofing treatment of the wooden board is unnecessary or simplified, making construction easier.

[0011] Furthermore, because the wooden boards have a slight curve, the upper surface does not sag or sags significantly due to the weight of the wooden boards. As a result, the gap between the wooden boards and the deck plates is eliminated or almost eliminated, and the deck plates can be easily fastened to the wooden boards with screws from above, making installation easy.

[0012] The second embodiment is a method for constructing a composite slab according to the first embodiment, wherein the curvature formation step comprises a coating formation step of applying paint to one side of the wood board to form a coating film, and a resting step of leaving the wood board on which the coating film has been formed to form a curvature in the wood board.

[0013] In the construction method of the second embodiment of the composite slab, paint is applied to one side of the wood panel to form a coating and left to stand. Moisture is absorbed from the opposite side of the coating and it expands, creating a curve in the wood panel. This method is easier to implement compared to mechanically creating a curve in the wood panel.

[0014] The third embodiment is a composite slab comprising a wooden board stretched between beams, a deck plate placed on the wooden board and stretched between beams, fastened to the wooden board with screws, a concrete section provided on the deck plate, and a coating formed on the lower surface of the wooden board.

[0015] In the third embodiment of the composite slab, the concrete section is placed on a deck plate that is placed on top of a wooden board that is stretched across the beams. Compared to the case where the concrete section is placed directly on the wooden board, waterproofing treatment of the wooden board is unnecessary or simplified, making construction easier.

[0016] Furthermore, since a coating is formed on the underside of the wood panel, the upper surface of the wood panel absorbs moisture and expands, causing a force to act on the wood panel in a direction that causes it to curl. Therefore, deflection due to the weight of the composite slab is suppressed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, the constructability of a composite slab, which integrates wood panels and concrete, can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0018] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view of the composite slab of the embodiment along the X direction. [Figure 2] It is a cross-sectional view along the Y direction of the composite slab of the embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a cross-sectional view enlarging the main part of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] It is a cross-sectional view along the X direction of the end part of the wooden board in a state spanning over the beam. [Figure 5] It is a process diagram showing the construction process of the composite slab in a cross-section along the X direction. [Figure 6] It is a process diagram showing the construction process of the composite slab in a perspective view. [Figure 7] It is a cross-sectional view along the X direction of the composite slab of the comparative example.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] <Embodiment> The composite slab and the construction method of the composite slab according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Here, two orthogonal horizontal directions are taken as the X direction and the Y direction, and are respectively indicated by arrow X and arrow Y. The vertical direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction is taken as the Z direction and is indicated by arrow Z.

[0020] [Structure] First, the structure of the composite slab of the present embodiment will be described.

[0021] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the composite slab 100 of the present embodiment constituting the building 50 has a structure in which the wooden board 110, the deck plate 120, and the concrete part 130 are integrated.

[0022] The wooden board 110 of the present embodiment is composed of cross-laminated timber (CLT), but is not limited thereto. The wooden board 110 may be, for example, laminated veneer lumber (LVL) or solid wood.

[0023] The composite slab 100 is supported by beams 10 (see Figure 1) and 20 (see Figure 2). Beams 10 (see Figure 1) and 20 (see Figures 2 and 3) are arranged in a grid pattern in plan view, and their ends are joined to columns (not shown) that make up the building 50.

[0024] The beam 10 shown in Figure 1 is arranged along the Y direction and spaced apart in the X direction. The beam 20 shown in Figure 2 is arranged along the X direction and spaced apart in the Y direction. As shown in Figure 1, the beam 10 in this embodiment is a steel beam made of H-shaped steel having upper and lower flanges 14, 16 and a web 12. Similarly, as shown in Figure 2, the beam 20 in this embodiment is a steel beam made of H-shaped steel having upper and lower flanges 24, 26 and a web 22. Beams 10 and 20 are fire-resistant coated.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1, the wooden boards 110 are stretched across the beams 10 (see also Figures 6(A) and 6(B)). Also, as shown in Figure 2, the wooden boards 110 are arranged at intervals L in the Y direction, which is the beam direction of the beams 10 (see also Figures 6(A) and 6(B)).

[0026] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, in this embodiment, a support member 30 made of L-shaped angle is joined to the upper flange 16 and web 12 of a beam 10 made of H-shaped steel. The end face 110T (see Figure 4) of the wooden board 110 is then rested on the support member 30. The support member 30 is fire-resistant coated, similar to the beam 10. Note that the configuration of the support member 30 shown in Figures 1 and 4 is just one example and is not limited to this configuration.

[0027] As shown in Figure 4, a small gap is formed between the end face 110T of the wooden board 110 and the upper flange 16 of the beam 10, but this gap is filled with fire-resistant coating material 32.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a paint M (see Figures 1, 2, and 4) is applied to the lower surface 110L of the wood panel 110, forming an impermeable coating 112. In this embodiment, the coating 112 is formed on the lower surface 110L and the end surface 110T (see Figures 3 and 5(A)) of the wood panel 110, but not on the upper surface 110U. Transparent paints such as New Breed, GAF, Baton, WG5, and Osmo Color are used as the paint M, but are not limited to these. The paint M may also be a water-based paint, but the coating 112 after drying is impermeable. In this embodiment, the wood panel 110 is not waterproofed in any way other than the coating 112.

[0029] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, deck plates 120 are placed on top of the beams 10 and the wooden boards 110. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 6(C), the deck plates 120 are arranged without gaps, and the wooden boards 110 are not exposed when viewed from above. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the deck plates 120 in this embodiment are made of corrugated steel sheet material with concave portions 122 on the upper side (opening side) and convex portions 124 on the upper side (protruding side) formed alternately in the Y direction, but are not limited to this. The deck plates 120 may have any structure.

[0030] The bottom 123 of the concave portion 122 of the deck plate 120 (see Figure 3) and the wooden board 110 are fastened together with screws 90 (see Figure 3) (see also Figure 1). Note that the screws 90 in this embodiment are wood screws. Also, the illustration of screws 90 is omitted in Figure 2.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a concrete section 130 is formed on the deck plate 120 by pouring and hardening concrete. As shown in Figure 1, reinforcing bars 60 and 62 are arranged in the concrete section 130. In this embodiment, reinforcing bar 60 is the main reinforcement, and reinforcing bar 62 is the distribution reinforcement. Note that, in all figures except Figure 1, the illustration of reinforcing bars 60 and 62 is omitted to avoid making the diagrams too complex. Furthermore, the arrangement of the reinforcing bars can be in any configuration; for example, the main reinforcement and distribution reinforcement may be supported by truss reinforcement.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the upper end 72 of the suspension bolt 70 passes through the upper surface 125 of the convex portion 124 of the deck plate 120 and is fastened with a nut 74 and fixed to the concrete portion 130. The suspension bolt 70 is suspended through the gap L between the wooden boards 110 (see also Figure 2). Ceiling boards and T-bars, etc., which are not shown, are attached to the lower end of this suspension bolt 70.

[0033] [Construction method] Next, an example of a construction method for the composite slab of this embodiment will be described. Note that the upper and lower surfaces of the wood panel 110 will be described in a state where they are stretched across the beam 10.

[0034] As shown in Figure 5(A), paint M is applied to the lower surface 110L and the end surface 110T of the wooden board 110 to form a coating film 112. No coating film 112 is formed on the upper surface 110U of the wooden board 110. In Figure 5, for clarity, the coating film 112 is shown with a gap between it and the wooden board 110 and with a dashed line.

[0035] As shown in Figure 5(B), the wood panel 110 on which the coating 112 has been formed is left for a certain period of time or longer, for example, 24 hours or more. This causes a convex curvature to occur on the upper surface 110U of the wood panel 110 where the coating 112 has not been formed. In this embodiment, the curvature of the wood panel 110 is about 2 cm to 3 cm, but it is not limited to this.

[0036] Here, moisture is not absorbed from the surface of the wood panel 110 where the coating 112 is formed, but it is absorbed from the surface where the coating 112 is not formed. Therefore, moisture is absorbed only from the upper surface 110U where the coating 112 is not formed on the wood panel 110, causing the upper surface 110U to absorb moisture and expand, thereby creating a bulge.

[0037] Furthermore, since the cross-laminated timber, which is the wood panel 110 in this embodiment, is completely dry, even in the low-temperature, low-humidity environment of winter, it absorbs moisture from the upper surface 110U where the coating film 112 is not formed on the wood panel 110, causing it to expand and form a bulge.

[0038] As shown in Figures 5(C) and 6(A), the curved wooden boards 110 are placed on support members 30 joined to the beam 10 using a crane or the like, and then stretched across the beam 10 (see also Figure 4). As shown in Figure 6(A), the wooden boards 110 are arranged with a gap L in the Y direction. Note that, as shown in Figure 5(C), in this embodiment, when the wooden boards 110 are stretched across the beam 10, the curve becomes about 1 cm due to the weight of the wooden boards 110.

[0039] As shown in Figures 5(D), 6(B), and 6(C), the deck plate 120 is placed on the beam 10 and the wooden board 110 using a crane or the like. At this time, since the wooden board 110 has a curved shape, the bottom 123 of the concave portion 122 of the deck plate 120 comes into contact with the wooden board 110. In this embodiment, suspension bolts 70 (see Figure 3) are attached to the deck plate 120.

[0040] As shown in Figure 5(E), a worker (not shown) fastens the deck plate 120 and the wooden board 110 together with screws 90 from above the deck plate 120, integrating them. Next, reinforcing bars 60 and 62 (see Figure 1) are placed on top of the deck plate 120, and concrete is poured to form the concrete section 130 (see Figures 1 to 3).

[0041] [Mechanism of Action and Effects] Next, the operation and effects of this embodiment will be described.

[0042] The composite slab 100 is composed of a wood panel 110, a deck plate 120, and a concrete section 130. Therefore, it is lighter than a composite slab composed of only a deck plate 120 and a concrete section 130.

[0043] In the composite slab 100, concrete is poured onto a deck plate 120 placed on top of a wooden board 110 stretched between beams 10 to form the concrete section 130. Compared to the case where concrete is poured directly onto the upper surface 110U of the wooden board 110, waterproofing treatment of the upper surface 110U of the wooden board 110 is unnecessary, making construction easier. Even if waterproofing treatment of the upper surface 110U of the wooden board 110 were necessary, it would be simpler than when concrete is poured directly onto the upper surface 110U, thus making construction easier.

[0044] Furthermore, since the wooden board 110 has a curved surface, the upper surface 110U side of the wooden board 110 does not sag in a concave shape due to its own weight. Therefore, the bottom 123 of the concave portion 122 of the deck plate 120 is in contact with the wooden board 110, and there is no gap. Consequently, the deck plate 120 and the wooden board 110 can be easily fastened together with screws 90 from above the deck plate 120, making construction easy. Even if there is a gap between the wooden board 110 and the deck plate 120, the gap is small and almost nonexistent, so it can be easily fastened together with screws 90 from above the deck plate 120.

[0045] Furthermore, the wooden board 110 has a curvature formed by applying paint M to the bottom surface 110L (one of the surfaces) to form a coating film 1112 and leaving it to stand. Therefore, compared to the case where the curvature of the wooden board 110 is formed mechanically, the construction is easier.

[0046] Furthermore, since a coating film 112 is formed on the lower surface 110L of the wood panel 110 of the composite slab 100, the upper surface 110U of the wood panel 110 absorbs moisture and expands, and a force acts on the wood panel 110 in a direction that causes it to bulge. Therefore, deflection of the composite slab 100 due to its own weight, etc., is suppressed.

[0047] Here, we will explain the comparative example synthetic slab 900 shown in Figure 7.

[0048] The comparative example composite slab 900 is composed of a wooden board 110, a hat-shaped metal fitting 920 with a hat-shaped cross-section, and a concrete section 930 reinforced with reinforcing bars 960. The hat-shaped metal fitting 920 is positioned with the Y direction as its longitudinal direction and spaced apart in the X direction, and is fastened to the wooden board 110 with screws 90.

[0049] Thus, in the comparative example composite slab 900, a hat-shaped metal fitting 920 is fastened to the wooden board 110 with screws 90 as a shear key that integrates the concrete section 930 and the wooden board 110 to transmit shear force.

[0050] In contrast, in the composite slab 100 of this embodiment, the deck plate 120 and the concrete section 130 are integrated, so it is only necessary to integrate the deck plate 120 and the wooden board 110 with screws 90.

[0051] Furthermore, in the comparative example of the composite slab 900, concrete is poured directly onto the upper surface 110U of the wood panel 110, so a water-blocking agent is required on the upper surface 110U of the wood panel 110.

[0052] In contrast, in the composite slab 100 of this embodiment, concrete is poured on top of the deck plate 120, so a water-blocking device is not required on the upper surface 110U of the wooden board 110, or if one is required, a simple one is sufficient.

[0053] Furthermore, in the comparative example composite slab 900, when constructing the concrete section 930, it is necessary to support the wooden board 110 with truss-shaped beam members 950 and shoring 970, etc., until the concrete hardens and gains strength.

[0054] In contrast, in the composite slab 100 of this embodiment, the concrete section 130 is supported by the wooden board 110 and the deck plate 120, so shoring 970 etc. is not required, or even if shoring 970 etc. is required, the number of installations can be reduced.

[0055] <Other> Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.

[0056] For example, in the above embodiment, the wooden panels 110 are arranged with a gap L in the Y direction, which is the beam direction of the beam 10, and suspension bolts 70 pass through the gap L, but this is not limited to this. The suspension bolts 70 may be omitted. Also, the wooden panels 110 may be arranged without a gap L. Furthermore, the lower surface 110L of the wooden panels 110 may be used as the ceiling surface.

[0057] Furthermore, for example, in the above embodiment, the paint M was applied to the bottom surface 110L and the end surface 110T of the wood panel 110 to form a coating film 112, but the invention is not limited to this. The paint M may be applied only to the bottom surface 110L of the wood panel 110 to form a coating film 112. Alternatively, a curve may be formed on the wood panel 110, and then a coating film may be formed on the top surface 110U as well.

[0058] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, for example, a curvature was formed by forming a coating 112 on the lower surface 110L of the wood panel 110 and leaving it to stand, but the method is not limited to this. The curvature of the wood panel 110 may be formed by any method. For example, the curvature of the wood panel 110 may be formed mechanically by press working or the like.

[0059] Furthermore, for example, in the above embodiment, the beam 10 was a steel beam made of H-shaped steel, but it is not limited to this. The beam 10 may be a steel beam other than an H-shaped steel beam, or a beam other than a steel beam, for example, a reinforced concrete beam or a steel-reinforced concrete beam.

[0060] Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] 10 beams 90 screws 100 Composite Slab 110 Wood board 112 Coating film 120 Deck Plate 130 Concrete section M paint

Claims

1. A curvature formation process that forms a curve on a wood board, A wood panel installation process involves installing the wood panel, which has a curved shape formed on it, by stretching it across the beams, The deck plate installation process involves placing the deck plate on the wooden board and then installing the deck plate by bridging it between the beams. A fastening step of fastening the wooden board and the deck plate together with screws from above the deck plate, A concrete pouring process in which concrete is poured onto the aforementioned deck plate, A construction method for composite slabs equipped with [a specific feature / feature].

2. The aforementioned curvature formation step is, A coating film forming step involves applying paint to one side of the aforementioned wooden board to form a coating film, A process of leaving the wood board on which the coating film has been formed on one side to form a curvature on the wood board, Having, A method for constructing a composite slab as described in claim 1.

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