Negative pressure box for preventing the spread of generated droplets

Abstract

To provide a negative pressure box capable of efficiently preventing outflow of droplets including viruses discharged by a use object patient, to outside of a box, and capable of also coping with an emergency stretcher.SOLUTION: An isolation negative pressure box 10 comprises: a box body 1 whose lower face and one side face are opened; a coating sheet 6 provided on an opening side face 3; and negative pressure means 7 for bringing an internal space of the box body 1 into a negative pressure state. The box body 1 comprises a hole 8L for a glove to which a disposable glove can be fitted airtightly. The box body 1 comprises: an opening lower face 2; an opening side face 3; side faces 4R, 4L, 4H; and a top face 5. A configuration comprising a handle 9 makes handling of the isolation negative pressure box 10 easy; however, presence / absence of the handle and a position and the number of the handle when the handle is provided in the negative pressure box, can be determined arbitrarily.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0005] ,

[0001] The present invention For preventing the spread of generated droplets relates to a negative pressure box, and relates to a negative pressure box that can effectively prevent the outflow of droplets containing viruses from the target patient outside the box and can also be used for an emergency stretcher.

Background Art

[0002] Regarding devices and technologies for keeping patients infected with infectious diseases such as viruses and bacteria in an isolated state and transporting them, many proposals and offerings have been made in the past. Their basic concept is to keep the space for accommodating or covering patients under negative pressure (vacuum pressure) to prevent the outflow of droplets containing pathogens from the patients, thus serving as infection prevention measures.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 cited below discloses a patient transport container for mounting on a stretcher, which is composed of a main body, a bed sheet, an air supply unit, and an exhaust unit for making the inside negative pressure. The main body is combined with the loading part of the stretcher, the bottom can be placed on the upper pipe of the stretcher, and the bed sheet covers the mattress of the stretcher, and it is used in such a form as to accommodate the entire upper surface of the stretcher. It is said that with this configuration, the weight of the main body can be reduced, the outflow of infectious bacteria to the outside can be prevented, and it is convenient because it can be used in combination with a stretcher.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Now, as evidenced by large-scale outbreaks and epidemics such as the SARS virus at the beginning of the 21st century and the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) from 2019, human society is constantly exposed to the risk of various infectious diseases. In medical settings, it is crucial to reliably prevent infection and transmission from patients to healthcare workers. Especially in emergency medical settings, the priority is to urgently transport and treat injured or ill patients, rather than testing and confirming whether or not they are infected. Naturally, patients suspected of being infected are sometimes transported, and in such cases, doctors and nurses are forced to treat them under high risk of infection in a situation where every second counts. In such emergency medical settings, there is a need for a system that can effectively prevent infection from patients while safely performing necessary procedures such as tracheal intubation, and that is easy to implement and use.

[0006] Therefore, the problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a patient isolation technology that, taking into account the problems of the conventional technology, can safely perform treatment while effectively preventing infection from patients even in emergency medical settings, and is easy to introduce and handle. Furthermore, the problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a negative pressure box that can effectively prevent droplets containing pathogens such as viruses from the target patient from leaking out of the box and is also compatible with emergency stretchers. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The inventors of the present invention have considered the above problem. The main source of droplets from a patient on a stretcher is the head, and since procedures performed on emergency patients, such as tracheal intubation and cardiac massage, are common, the upper body should generally be considered as the target area for procedures while preventing infection. Therefore, a device that can cover the upper body of a patient is needed. Negative pressure box As such, we devised a structure that includes a box body with an opening on the bottom and one side, a covering sheet for the lower body provided on the open side, a negative pressure means to create negative pressure inside the box body, and a hole on the box body from which disposable gloves can be attached in an airtight manner.

[0008] this Negative pressure box Tests of its performance showed that it could be easily covered and installed on a stretcher, and that airtightness could be ensured throughout the entire containment space, i.e., inside the box body, including not only the upper but also the lower body of the simulated patient. This allowed for the creation and maintenance of a negative pressure state in the space, and it was confirmed that procedures could be performed safely and easily through the glove holes. Based on these results, the present invention was completed. That is, the invention claimed in this application, or at least disclosed, as a means of solving the above problems is as follows.

[0009] [1] A negative pressure box for preventing the outflow of generated droplets, which is used to cover an emergency stretcher, comprising a box body having an opening on the bottom and one side, and the opening on the one side The opening surface It consists of a covering sheet provided therein, and a negative pressure means that creates negative pressure in the internal space of the box body, and the box body is provided with a glove hole into which disposable gloves can be attached in an airtight manner. The glove hole is provided on the top surface of the head, which is at least the surface facing the opening. Furthermore, the negative pressure means is provided on the box body, thereby, After the emergency stretcher was covered with a negative pressure box to prevent the spread of droplets and thus prevent infection to the outside, the patient was moved within the hospital, and isolation was maintained throughout all processes, including treatment in the treatment room, sample collection, and transfer to another room. A negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets, characterized by its ability to do so. [2] The glove holes are provided at one or more locations on all sides other than the surface on which the covering sheet is provided, as described in [1]. Negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets. [3] A negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets, as described in either [1] or [1], characterized in that the negative pressure means is provided on the upper surface of the box body.

[0010] [ 4 The negative pressure means is characterized by being an air purifier with a filter. 〔1〕、〔2〕、〔3〕 Any of the following For preventing the spread of generated droplets Negative pressure box. [ 5 The negative pressure means is battery-powered. It will be done Characterized by, 〔1〕、〔2〕、〔3〕、〔4〕 Any of the following For preventing the spread of generated droplets Negative pressure box. [6 〕 The coating sheet is detachably formed on the box body, characterized in that 〔1〕、〔2〕、〔3〕、〔4〕、〔5〕 of any one of the For preventing the spread of generated droplets negative pressure box.

Effect of the Invention

[0011] Since the negative pressure box of the present invention is configured as described above, according to these, at the scene of emergency medical treatment, it is possible to safely perform treatment while effectively preventing infection from patients. Moreover, it is easy to introduce and easy to handle. That is, according to the negative pressure box of the present invention For preventing the spread of generated droplets even when it is possible to reliably prevent the outflow of droplets containing pathogens such as viruses from the patient to be used, medical staff can perform life-saving measures such as tracheal intubation and CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) performed during cardiac arrest on the patient, and of course, specimen collection from the patient can also be performed with confidence, and there are particularly great advantages in the medical field including during emergency transportation. For preventing the spread of generated droplets

[0012] For preventing the spread of generated droplets When a patient suspected of being infected with some infectious disease is emergently transported, heretofore, the corresponding doctor and nurse have been treating in a situation where they are sometimes exposed to a high infection risk that requires protective clothing in a situation where every moment counts. However, by using the negative pressure box of the present invention such patients can be immediately isolated, which helps prevent infection of medical staff and also prevents the spread of infection within the hospital, and is very easy to use. Of course, protective clothing etc. is also unnecessary.

[0013] For preventing the spread of generated droplets The negative pressure box of the present invention was mainly developed and completed assuming the response to an emergency stretcher in the hospital. However, it can also be used as a stretcher for an ambulance that transports the wounded (patients). Moreover, it can be used not limited to emergency use.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] [Figure 1] This is a perspective explanatory drawing showing the basic configuration of the negative pressure box for preventing the outflow of generated droplets (isolation negative pressure box) of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is an explanatory drawing showing the usage method of the negative pressure box for preventing the outflow of generated droplets (isolation negative pressure box) of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (before coating). [Figure 3] This is an explanatory drawing showing the usage method of the negative pressure box for preventing the outflow of generated droplets (isolation negative pressure box) of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (after coating). [Figure 4] This is a top view explanatory drawing showing an example of the usage method of the negative pressure box for preventing the outflow of generated droplets (isolation negative pressure box) of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (situation of disposable gloves and hand treatment). [Figure 5] This is a view (front view) from the right body side showing an example of the box body of the negative pressure box for preventing the outflow of generated droplets (isolation negative pressure box) of the present invention. [Figure 5-2] This is a view (top view) from the upward top direction of the example shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 5-3] This is a view (left side view) from the head direction of the example shown in FIG. 5. [Figure 5-4] This is a view (right side view) from the lower body direction of the example shown in FIG. 5.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets according to the present invention will also be referred to as an "isolation negative pressure box." FIG. 1 is the present invention For preventing the spread of generated droplets negative pressure box (Negative pressure box for isolation)This is a perspective diagram illustrating the basic configuration of the isolation negative pressure box 10. As shown in the diagram, the isolation negative pressure box 10 consists of a box body 1 with an opening on the bottom and one side, a covering sheet 6 provided on the opening side 3, and a negative pressure means 7 that creates negative pressure inside the box body 1. Furthermore, the box body 1 is provided with glove holes 8L, etc., that allow disposable gloves to be attached in an airtight manner. The box body 1 consists of an opening bottom surface 2, an opening side surface 3, sides 4R, 4L, 4H, and a top surface 5. Although the configuration with a handle 9 as shown in the diagram is convenient for handling the isolation negative pressure box 10, its presence or absence, and if present, its position and number are arbitrary.

[0016] Figures 2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams illustrating the method of using the negative pressure isolation box of the present invention shown in Figure 1, showing the state before and after covering the patient, respectively. As illustrated in these figures, the negative pressure isolation box 10 with the above configuration is used by placing it over a stretcher S on which a target patient P suspected of having an infectious disease is lying. That is, the box body 1 is attached to the stretcher S so as to cover the head and upper body of patient P, with its opening side 3 facing the lower body and the upper surface 5 on which the negative pressure means 7 is placed facing upwards. At this time, the configuration in which the box body 1 has handles 9 on at least the sides 4R and 4L as shown in the figures is convenient when transporting and attaching the negative pressure isolation box 10.

[0017] The covering sheet 6, provided on the opening side 3, extends towards the lower body of the patient P, covering the lower body so that its edges are in close contact with the stretcher S. By activating the negative pressure means 7 in this state, the covering sheet 6 adheres tightly to the stretcher S, and the internal space of the box body 1 connected by the opening side 3 and the covering are covered. forThe area inside the sheet 6 is under a negative pressure, ensuring that even if droplets are generated from patient P in the internal space, they will not escape to the outside of the isolation negative pressure box 10. In this way, under an isolated state in which infection and transmission from patient P as the source of infection are completely blocked, healthcare workers can safely perform procedures on patient P and collect specimens for testing using disposable gloves (not shown, see Figure 4 below) that are airtightly attached to glove holes 8L etc. provided in the box body 1.

[0018] When using this isolation negative pressure box 10 in the emergency medical setting for patient P who has been transported by ambulance, the isolation negative pressure box 10 should be attached immediately upon transfer from the ambulance to the emergency stretcher (S) to prevent infection to the outside. The isolation state should then be maintained throughout the entire process, including movement within the hospital, processing in the treatment room, specimen collection, and transfer to another room.

[0019] As the negative pressure means 7 for this isolation negative pressure box 10, a filter-equipped air purifier can be suitably used. In particular, the use of an air purifier equipped with a medical-grade HEPA filter is desirable. This allows the intended effects of the present invention to be obtained to the fullest extent. When the filter-equipped air purifier is operated, the inside of the box body 1 becomes negatively pressurized, thereby forcibly drawing fresh air into the box body 1. Generally, the blood oxygen saturation of a healthy person is 96%. ~ The oxygen level should be 100%, and caution is advised if it falls below 95%. Since this isolation negative pressure box 10 is constantly supplied with fresh air by the negative pressure means 7, the blood oxygen concentration of patient P can be maintained at a normal level.

[0020] Furthermore, the negative pressure system 7 can be battery-powered. This allows the stretcher to be moved freely while the negative pressure system 7 is functioning after being attached to the stretcher. Therefore, it can be moved within the hospital as needed, and is also convenient for use at the scene of a medical emergency when used as a stretcher for an ambulance.

[0021] Figure 4 is a top view diagram illustrating an example of how to use the negative pressure isolation box of the present invention shown in Figure 1. Specifically, it shows an example of disposable gloves and manual treatment. As shown in this figure and in Figure 1 above, the glove holes 8R, etc., can be configured to be provided at least once on all sides other than the opening side 3 where the covering sheet 6 is provided, i.e., on each of sides 4R, 4L, and 4H. In the illustrated example, there is one glove hole 8R and 8L on each of sides 4R and 4L, which are to the left and right of the patient P, and two glove holes 8H and 8H' on side 4H, which is towards the top of the patient P's head, for a total of four glove holes.

[0022] By providing one or more glove holes 8R on each side, necessary procedures and specimen collection can be performed from the optimal direction, and it is also convenient when procedures require collaborative work by multiple medical professionals. The number and position of the glove holes 8R can be designed as appropriate. Furthermore, the glove holes 8R are designed to allow disposable gloves to be attached in an airtight manner. This prevents the leakage of contaminated air and droplets from the inside through the glove holes 8R.

[0023] In the illustrated procedure example, disposable gloves are attached to all four glove holes 8R, allowing one hand from each side of the patient, and both hands of one person or one hand of two people from the top of the patient's head, to be placed inside the box for treatment. Additionally, both hands H, H of one medical professional extend into the box from the three sides of the opening, but this is over a covering sheet 6 (not shown), maintaining internal isolation. Performing CPR in this manner, through the covering sheet 3 from the side of the opening, is convenient.

[0024] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the negative pressure means 7 of this isolation negative pressure box 10 can be installed on the box body 1, that is, on the top surface 5. However, a configuration in which the negative pressure means is separate from the box body is also within the scope of the present invention. A medical HEPA filter air purifier, which is assumed to be a desirable negative pressure means, is usually quite heavy, and the box body is required to have a structure with sufficient strength to accommodate it on its top surface. For example, a structure made of a stainless steel frame and polyvinyl chloride surfaces. The frame, which is responsible for the strength, will give the box body a considerable weight.

[0025] However, by making the negative pressure mechanism a separate component from the box body, the weight of the box body can be reduced. In other words, by constructing it using only polyvinyl chloride surfaces, without using a frame made of stainless steel or other materials to ensure strength, a considerable weight reduction can be achieved. In a configuration where the negative pressure mechanism is a separate component, a means of circulation is provided to connect the negative pressure mechanism and the box body. Examples of such means of circulation include ducts and duct routing sections. In the case of stretchers for ambulances, this separate component configuration is more practical.

[0026] The covering sheet 6 for covering the lower body may be detachable from the box body 1. Originally formed from different materials, the former being flexible and the latter rigid, the detachable design is convenient for cleaning and storage after use. The covering sheet 6 can be formed to be sufficient for placing it on the chest of a supine patient P inside the box body 1 and performing CPR over it. The material of the covering sheet 6 is arbitrary, but vinyl can be suitably used.

[0027] Figures 5, 5-2, 5-3, and 5-4 show examples of the box body of the negative pressure isolation box of the present invention, and are views from the right side of the body (front view), from the supine top view (top view), from the head direction (left side view), and from the lower body direction (right side view), respectively, when the box is covered by a patient. The dimensions of this example are approximately 50 cm in length, 60 cm in width, and 50 cm in height, but are not limited to these dimensions. The material of the panel portion is preferably made of polyvinyl chloride rather than acrylic resin because it is lighter. Polyvinyl chloride is also alcohol resistant and flame retardant, making it the optimal material for the negative pressure isolation box of the present invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0028] This invention For preventing the spread of generated droplets Negative pressure box (Negative pressure box for isolation) According to the report, this invention allows for safe treatment while effectively preventing infection from patients, even in emergency medical settings, and is easy to implement and handle. Therefore, it is an invention with high industrial applicability in the fields of medical device manufacturing and use, including emergency medicine, and all related fields. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0029] 1, 21... Box body 2, 22…Bottom surface of opening 3, 23…Opening side 4R, 4L, 4H, 24R, 24L, 24H…side 5, 25...Top surface 6…Covering sheet 7.27... Negative pressure measures 8L, 8R, 8H, 8H', 28L, 28R, 28H, 28H'...Glove holes 9...Handle 10… For preventing the spread of generated droplets Negative pressure box (Negative pressure box for isolation) G... Disposable gloves H...Hands of healthcare workers P…Patient S... Stretcher

Claims

1. A negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets, which is used by placing it over an emergency stretcher, The box body has openings on the bottom and one side. A covering sheet provided on the opening surface, which is the one side that is open, and It consists of a negative pressure means that creates negative pressure in the internal space of the box body, The box body is provided with glove holes that allow disposable gloves to be attached in an airtight manner. The glove hole is provided on the top surface of the head, which is at least the surface facing the opening. Furthermore, the negative pressure means is provided on the box body, As a result, Once the emergency stretcher is covered with a negative pressure box to prevent the spread of droplets, thus preventing infection to the outside, it can be moved within the hospital, and isolation can be maintained throughout all processes, including processing in the treatment room, sample collection, and transfer to another room. A negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets, characterized by the following features.

2. The negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more glove holes are provided on all sides other than the side on which the covering sheet is provided.

3. The negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets according to either claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the negative pressure means is provided on the upper surface of the box body.

4. The negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets according to any one of claims 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that the negative pressure means is an air purifier with a filter.

5. The negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that the negative pressure means is battery-powered.

6. The negative pressure box for preventing the leakage of generated droplets according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that the covering sheet is detachably formed to the box body.

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