Incineration system and incineration method

Abstract

To provide an incineration system and an incineration method that can restrain the occurrence of a high-temperature field.SOLUTION: An incineration system comprises: an incinerator for incinerating an object to be incinerated, thrown in from an upper part, and discharging incineration ash from a lower part; a plurality of first air diffusion pipes for supplying combustion air for the object to be incinerated, from a first height in the incinerator; a plurality of second air diffusion pipes for supplying the combustion air for the object to be incinerated, from a second height higher than the first height in the incinerator; and a control device for controlling the supply of the combustion air by at least one of the plurality of first air diffusion pipes and the plurality of second air diffusion pipes in accordance with an incineration situation of the object to be incinerated, in the incinerator.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an incineration system and an incineration method.

Background Art

[0002] [[ID=1‎1]] [[ID=1‎2]]Incineration systems equipped with incinerators for incinerating sewage sludge (hereinafter also simply referred to as sludge) have been variously proposed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). [[ID=1‎3]] [[ID=1‎4]]

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003] [[ID=2‎1]] [[ID=2‎2]] ‎>[[ID=2‎3]]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] [[ID=3‎8]] [[ID=3‎9]]Here, during sludge incineration, it is desired to suppress the generation of a local high-temperature field associated with the occurrence of non-uniformity in the combustion field. [[ID=4‎0]] [[ID=4‎1]]

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] [[ID=4‎5]] [[ID=4‎6]]To achieve the above suppression, the incineration system in the present invention includes an incinerator that incinerates an object to be incinerated input from above and discharges incineration ash from below, a plurality of first air diffuser pipes that supply combustion air for the object to be incinerated from a first height in the incinerator, a plurality of second air diffuser pipes that supply combustion air for the object to be incinerated from a second height higher than the first height in the incinerator, and a control device that controls the supply of combustion air by at least any one of the plurality of first air diffuser pipes and the plurality of second air diffuser pipes according to the incineration status of the object to be incinerated in the incinerator. [[ID=4‎7]] [[ID=4‎8]]

Effects of the Invention

[0006] [[ID=5‎2]] The incinerator according to the present invention makes it possible to suppress the generation of localized high-temperature fields. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the incineration system 900 in a comparative example. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the incineration system 900 in the comparative example. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the incineration system 900 in the comparative example. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the first embodiment. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the first embodiment. [Figure 7] Figure 7 illustrates a first modified example of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. [Figure 8] Figure 8 illustrates a first modified example of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. [Figure 9] Figure 9 illustrates a first modified example of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the second embodiment. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the second embodiment. [Figure 13] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the third embodiment.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0008] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, such example embodiments do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

[0009] [Incineration System 900 in Comparative Example] First, the incineration system 900 in the comparative example will be described. FIGS. 1 to 3 are configuration diagrams of the incineration system 900 in the comparative example.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 1, the incineration system 900 has, for example, an incinerator 10 and a casing 20 (hereinafter also referred to as a housing 20).

[0011] [[ID=2O]]The incinerator 10 has, for example, a combustion chamber 11 for incinerating sludge 1 (hereinafter also referred to as the incinerated material 1), a sludge inlet 12, an exhaust gas outlet 13, and a diffuser pipe 14 (hereinafter also referred to as the first diffuser pipe 14).

[0012] The combustion chamber 11 is the internal space of the incinerator 10. For example, the sludge 1 introduced from the sludge inlet 12 located at the upper end of the incinerator 10 is deposited inside. Then, in the combustion chamber 11, the sludge 1 is burned by the combustion air supplied by one or more diffuser pipes 14.

[0013] The exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the sludge 1 is transferred, for example, to an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown) via the exhaust gas outlet 13. Specifically, the exhaust gas generated by the incineration of the sludge 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as exhaust gas) is, for example, a white smoke prevention air preheater that generates heating air (white smoke prevention air) to prevent the water vapor in the exhaust gas from being seen as white smoke, a dust collector that collects impurities in the exhaust gas, and SO X components such as are sequentially transferred to a flue gas washing tower for removing components such as.

[0014] The air diffuser pipe 14 supplies (ejects) the combustion air supplied from an air supply device (not shown) arranged outside the incinerator 10, for example, from a plurality of ejection holes (not shown) provided in the air diffuser pipe 14 to the sludge 1 deposited in the combustion chamber 11. Specifically, each of the one or more air diffuser pipes 14 (each of the six air diffuser pipes 14 arranged in the X direction in the example shown in FIG. 1) supplies the combustion air, for example, toward the sludge 1 deposited above the air diffuser pipe 14 (toward the Z1 direction in the example shown in FIG. 1) as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. 1. That is, in the combustion chamber 11, for example, the sludge 1 is incinerated in the layer L above the air diffuser pipe 14 (hereinafter also referred to as the combustion layer L).

[0015] In addition, each of the one or more air diffuser pipes 14 may be, for example, a pipe extending in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 1. Further, the plurality of ejection holes in each air diffuser pipe 14 may be provided, for example, along the Y direction respectively.

[0016] Also, each of the one or more air diffuser pipes 14 may supply the combustion air, for example, toward a direction other than the Z1 direction (for example, the Z2 direction). And in the incinerator 10, at least a part of the combustion air supplied toward a direction other than the Z1 direction may be supplied to the combustion layer L by rising in the incinerator 10.

[0017] The casing 20 is installed, for example, at the bottom of the incinerator 10 (the Z2 direction side of the incinerator 10), and has an ash discharge chamber 21, a screw 22 (hereinafter also referred to as a conveyor 22), an ash discharge port 23, and an ash discharge port 24.

[0018] The ash discharge chamber 21 is an internal space of the casing 20, and discharges, for example, the incineration ash 1a (hereinafter also referred to as residue 1a) generated by incinerating the sludge 1 in the combustion chamber 11 to the outside of the incineration system 900.

[0019] The upper end of the ash discharge chamber 21 (the end on the Z1 side in the example shown in Figure 1) opens to the combustion chamber 11, as shown in Figure 1. That is, the ash discharge chamber 21 is in internal communication with the combustion chamber 11. Inside the combustion chamber 11 and the ash discharge chamber 21, incinerated ash 1a is accumulated from the bottom of the ash discharge chamber 21 to the vicinity of the combustion layer L, and further, sludge 1 being incinerated or before incineration is accumulated on top of it. Therefore, when the incinerated ash 1a accumulated in the ash discharge chamber 21 is discharged to the outside through the ash discharge port 23, the sludge 1 and incinerated ash 1a accumulated inside the combustion chamber 11 and the ash discharge chamber 21 move downward (in the Z2 direction in the example shown in Figure 1) as the incinerated ash 1a accumulated in the ash discharge chamber 21 is discharged.

[0020] The screw 22, for example, has a screw shaft 22a, a first screw blade 22b, and a second screw blade 22c, and transports the incinerated ash 1a accumulated in the ash discharge chamber 21 to the vicinity of the ash discharge port 23 and the ash discharge port 24.

[0021] The screw shaft 22a is, for example, an axis extending in one horizontal direction (from the X1 direction to the X2 direction in the example shown in Figure 1), with one end (the end on the X1 direction side in the example shown in Figure 1) leading out to the outside of the casing 20 and being rotatably supported by a support member (not shown). The screw shaft 22a rotates around its long axis by driving a motor 25 connected to the end leading out to the outside of the casing 20, for example.

[0022] The first screw blade 22b is, for example, attached to the outer circumference of the screw shaft 22a and extends spirally toward the end of the screw shaft 22a on the ash discharge port 23 side (the end on the X1 direction side in the example shown in Figure 1).

[0023] The second screw blade 22c is, for example, attached to the outer circumference of the screw shaft 22a and extends spirally toward the end of the screw shaft 22a on the ash discharge port 24 side (the end on the X2 direction side in the example shown in Figure 1). That is, the second screw blade 22c has a shape that is symmetrical to the first screw blade 22b with respect to the central position in the horizontal direction (X direction in the example shown in Figure 1) of the ash discharge chamber 21.

[0024] The ash discharge port 23 allows the incinerated ash 1a, which has been moved to the vicinity of the ash discharge port 23 by, for example, the screw 22, to exit the incineration system 900.

[0025] The ash discharge port 24 allows the incinerated ash 1a, which has been moved to the vicinity of the ash discharge port 24 by, for example, the screw 22, to be discharged outside the incineration system 900.

[0026] In the example shown in Figure 1, the first screw blade 22b and the second screw blade 22c are described as being symmetrical with respect to the horizontal center of the ash discharge chamber 21, but the explanation is not limited to this. Specifically, the first screw blade 22b and the second screw blade 22c may each be mounted on the outer circumference of the screw shaft 22a so as to face the same direction, as shown in Figure 2. In this case, the motor 25 may, for example, switch the rotation direction of the screw shaft 22a to appropriately (for example, periodically) change the direction of movement (discharge direction) of the incinerated ash 1a, with the aim of reducing the unevenness in the height of the sludge 1 (height of the combustion bed L) inside the incinerator 10.

[0027] Here, it is preferable that the sludge 1 introduced into the incinerator 10 from the sludge inlet 12 is introduced in such a way that the height of the sludge 1 inside the incinerator 10 (the height in the Z direction in the example shown in Figure 1) is uniform.

[0028] However, within the incinerator 10, for example, the height of the sludge 1 (height of the combustion layer L) may be uneven depending on the position of the sludge 1 input device (not shown) and the method of inputting the sludge 1. In this case, within the incinerator 10, for example, the combustion air supplied from the diffuser pipe 14 will be unevenly distributed, and the supply of combustion air to the sludge 1 during incineration (for example, the sludge 1 located in the combustion layer L) will not be uniform. As a result, within the incinerator 10, as shown in Figure 3, unburned carbon 1b may be generated in areas where sufficient combustion air is not supplied (i.e., areas where the air ratio is insufficient), which may cause abnormal combustion within the incinerator 10. Specifically, within the incinerator 10, for example, the combustion of unburned carbon 1b may generate a localized high-temperature field, potentially leading to the generation of clinker.

[0029] Therefore, as will be described later, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment, in addition to supplying combustion air from the diffuser pipe 14 to the combustion layer L, also supplies combustion air to the combustion layer L from another diffuser pipe located at a higher position than the diffuser pipe 14 (closer to the combustion layer L), thereby suppressing the occurrence of areas where combustion air is not sufficiently supplied (i.e., areas where the air ratio is insufficient) even when the height of the sludge 1 in the incinerator 10 is not uniform.

[0030] As a result, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, it is possible to suppress the generation of unburned carbon 1b in the incinerator 10, for example. Therefore, in the incineration system 100, it is possible to suppress the generation of localized high-temperature fields due to the combustion of unburned carbon 1b, for example, and to suppress the generation of clinker. The incineration system 100 of the first embodiment will be described below.

[0031] [Incineration system 100 in the first embodiment] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the first embodiment. Furthermore, Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the first embodiment. The differences from the incineration system 900 in the comparative example will be explained below. In the following explanation, we will describe the case where the first screw blade 22b and the second screw blade 22c are symmetrical with respect to the horizontal central position of the ash discharge chamber 21, as explained in Figure 1. However, the first screw blade 22b and the second screw blade 22c may each be mounted on the outer circumference of the screw shaft 22a so as to face the same direction, as explained in Figure 2.

[0032] The incineration system 100 further includes, for example, a diffuser pipe 15 (hereinafter also referred to as the second diffuser pipe 15), a thermometer 30a, a thermometer 30b, and a control device 50. Hereinafter, thermometers 30a and 30b will be collectively referred to simply as thermometer 30.

[0033] As shown in Figure 4, diffuser pipe 15 is a diffuser pipe installed at a higher position than diffuser pipe 14, and for example, it supplies combustion air supplied from an air supply device (not shown) located outside the incinerator 10 to the sludge 1 accumulated in the combustion chamber 11 through a plurality of ejection holes (not shown) provided in diffuser pipe 15. Specifically, each of the plurality of diffuser pipes 15 (each of the six diffuser pipes 15 arranged in the X direction in the example shown in Figure 4) supplies combustion air, for example, toward the sludge 1 accumulated above the diffuser pipe 15 (towards the Z1 direction in the example shown in Figure 4), as shown by the solid arrows in Figure 4.

[0034] In other words, in the incinerator 10 of this embodiment, for example, by providing the diffuser pipe 15 at a higher position than the diffuser pipe 14, it becomes possible to reduce the thickness of the sludge 1 accumulated above the diffuser pipe 15, or in other words, to shorten the distance from the diffuser pipe 14 to the top of the sludge 1. Specifically, in the incinerator 10, in this case, for example, it becomes possible to reduce the thickness of the sludge 1 accumulated above the diffuser pipe 15 to about 30 to 300 mm. Therefore, in the incinerator 10, for example, even if there is variation in the height of the sludge 1 inside the incinerator 10, it becomes possible to supply combustion air to each position on the surface of the sludge 1 (combustion layer L) without uneven flow.

[0035] Therefore, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, for example, it becomes possible to suppress the generation of unburned carbon 1b, which causes the generation of localized high-temperature fields, and thus suppress the generation of clinker.

[0036] Each of the multiple diffusers 15 may be, for example, a pipe extending in the Y direction (i.e., a pipe extending in the same direction as each of the multiple diffusers 14), as shown in Figure 4. In this case, the multiple outlets in each diffuser 15 may be, for example, provided along the Y direction. Furthermore, each of the multiple diffusers 15 may be, for example, provided directly above each of the multiple diffusers 14.

[0037] Furthermore, each of the multiple diffusers 15 may be, for example, a pipe extending in the X direction (i.e., a pipe extending in a different direction from each of the multiple diffusers 14). In this case, the multiple discharge holes in each diffuser 15 may be, for example, provided along the X direction.

[0038] Each of the thermometers 30a and 30b measures, for example, the temperature of the sludge 1 (sludge 1 being incinerated) at various locations within the incinerator 10. The following description will focus on the case where two thermometers 30 are installed within the incinerator 10, but the incinerator 10 may also have, for example, one or more thermometers 30. Furthermore, the following description will focus on the case where a thermometer 30 is installed in the region between the height of the diffuser pipe 14 and the height of the diffuser pipe 15 (hereinafter also referred to as the intermediate region), but the thermometer 30 may also be installed in the region below the diffuser pipe 14 or the region above the diffuser pipe 15, in addition to the intermediate region.

[0039] The control device 50 performs a process to control the supply of combustion air through at least one of the diffuser pipes 14 and 15 based on the temperature at each location measured by the thermometer 30. The control device 50 is, for example, a computer device having a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and memory.

[0040] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the control device 50 determines, for example, whether there is a position within the intermediate region where the temperature of the sludge 1 is higher than a threshold (hereinafter also referred to as a specific position) (step S1 in Figure 5). The control device 50 may execute step S1 at timings such as 1-minute intervals.

[0041] Then, for example, if the control device 50 determines that a specific location exists, it reduces the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14 (step S2 in Figure 5).

[0042] In other words, for example, if it is determined that there is a specific location where the temperature is higher than a threshold, it is possible to determine that a localized high-temperature field may be generated at that specific location due to the combustion of unburned carbon 1b. In this case, the control device 50 suppresses the supply of combustion air to the intermediate region (supply of combustion air by the diffuser pipe 14) in order to suppress a further rise in temperature at the specific location due to further combustion of unburned carbon 1b. To put it another way, as shown in Figure 6, even if unburned carbon 1b is generated by the incineration of sludge 1 in the combustion bed L, and a localized high-temperature field is generated in the intermediate region due to the combustion of unburned carbon 1b, the control device 50 suppresses a further rise in temperature in the intermediate region by suppressing the supply of combustion air to the generated localized high-temperature field.

[0043] In this case, the control device 50 may completely stop the supply of combustion air to the intermediate region (supply of combustion air by the diffuser pipe 14).

[0044] On the other hand, if it is determined, for example, that a specific position does not exist (NO in step S1), the control device 50 does not perform the process in step S2.

[0045] Furthermore, in step S1, the control device 50 may, for example, determine whether there is a location within the intermediate region where the temperature of the sludge 1 is higher than a predetermined value compared to other locations. If the control device 50 determines, for example, that there is a location where the temperature is higher than a predetermined value compared to other locations, it may perform the process in step S2.

[0046] Furthermore, the control device 50 may, for example, control the amount of combustion air supplied from each diffuser pipe 15 so that the air ratio inside the incinerator 10 is within a target range (for example, between 0.6 and 1.3, preferably between 0.7 and 1.0). Specifically, the control device 50 may, for example, control the amount of combustion air supplied from each diffuser pipe 15 according to the amount of sludge 1 newly supplied into the incinerator 10 or the temperature of the sludge 1 measured by the thermometer 30.

[0047] As described above, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment includes, for example, an incinerator 10 that incinerates sludge 1 fed in from above and discharges incinerated ash 1a from below; a plurality of diffusers 14 that supply combustion air for the sludge 1 from a height inside the incinerator 10 (hereinafter also referred to as the first height); a plurality of diffusers 15 that supply combustion air for the sludge 1 from a height higher than the first height inside the incinerator 10 (hereinafter also referred to as the second height); and a control device 50 that controls the supply of combustion air from each of the plurality of diffusers 14 and plurality of diffusers 15 according to the incineration status of the sludge 1 in the incinerator 10.

[0048] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment can supply sufficient combustion air to each position in the combustion bed L, even if there is variation in the height of the sludge 1 at each position in the combustion bed L. Therefore, the incineration system 100 can suppress the generation of unburned carbon 1b, and suppress the generation of clinker due to combustion of the unburned carbon 1b. Furthermore, by supplying combustion air from the diffuser pipe 14 and the diffuser pipe 15, the incineration system 100 can sufficiently incinerate the sludge 1 introduced into the incinerator 10, and reduce the proportion of sludge 1 discharged in an unburned state from the ash outlet 23 and the ash outlet 24.

[0049] Furthermore, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment includes, for example, a thermometer 30 that measures the temperature of the sludge 1 as an indicator of the incineration status of the sludge 1 inside the incinerator 10. The control device 50 then controls the amount of combustion air supplied by the multiple diffusers 14 when it determines, for example, that the temperature of the sludge 1 measured by the thermometer 30 satisfies a predetermined condition. The predetermined condition may be, for example, that the temperature of the sludge 1 measured by the thermometer 30 exceeds a predetermined threshold.

[0050] Specifically, the thermometer 30 in this embodiment measures, for example, the temperature in the region between the first height and the second height (intermediate region) inside the incinerator 10. The control device 50 then controls the amount of combustion air supplied by the multiple diffusers 14 to decrease when, for example, the incineration conditions in the region between the first height and the second height meet predetermined conditions.

[0051] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment can suppress further temperature increases (i.e., the occurrence of abnormal combustion) even if, for example, unburned carbon 1b is generated by the incineration of sludge 1 in the combustion bed L, and a localized high-temperature field is generated in the intermediate region.

[0052] [First modified example of incineration system 100] Next, a first modification of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described. Figures 7 to 9 illustrate the first modification of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment.

[0053] Each of the multiple diffusers 15 may be fitted with, for example, one or more blades 16 (hereinafter also referred to as crushing blades 16) on its outer circumference, as shown in Figure 7.

[0054] Specifically, each of the diffusers 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d shown in Figure 7 is fitted with blades 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d, respectively, which extend along the long axis of each diffuser 15 (along the Y direction in the example shown in Figure 7).

[0055] The following explanation will describe the case where one blade 16 is attached to each diffuser 15, but each diffuser 15 may be fitted with two or more blades 16. Specifically, each diffuser 15 may be fitted with two or more blades 16 along the circumferential direction of each diffuser 15, or with two or more blades 16 along the long axis of each diffuser 15.

[0056] Each of the multiple diffusers 15 is, in this case, rotatable around its long axis. Specifically, each of the multiple diffusers 15 rotates around its long axis by the drive of multiple motors (not shown) connected to one end of the diffuser 15 that is led out to the outside of the incinerator 10.

[0057] Specifically, the control device 50 rotates each diffuser pipe 15 in a different direction from each of the other diffuser pipes 15 adjacent to it, for example, by controlling each of the multiple motors.

[0058] More specifically, in the example shown in Figure 7, for example, while diffuser 15b rotates counterclockwise, diffusers 15a and 15c adjacent to diffuser 15b each rotate clockwise. Similarly, for example, while diffuser 15c rotates clockwise, diffusers 15b and 15d adjacent to diffuser 15c each rotate counterclockwise.

[0059] In other words, as shown in Figure 8, if clinker 1c larger than the gap between two adjacent diffusers 15 (the gap between diffuser 15a and diffuser 15b in the example shown in Figure 8) occurs on the upper side of each diffuser 15, the clinker 1c will not move below each diffuser 15 but will remain on the upper side of each diffuser 15. Therefore, in this case, the clinker 1c will cause, for example, uneven flow of combustion air supplied from diffusers 14 and 15.

[0060] Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 9, if clinker 1c larger than the gap between two adjacent diffusers 15 is generated on the upper side of each diffuser 15, the rotation of each diffuser 15 causes the blades 16 provided on each of the two adjacent diffusers 15 to grip the clinker 1c. Then, the incineration system 100 further rotates each diffuser 15, crushing the clinker 1c with the blades 16 provided on each of the two adjacent diffusers 15.

[0061] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment can, for example, crush the clinker 1c generated above each diffuser pipe 15, and furthermore, move the crushed clinker 1c below each diffuser pipe 15. Therefore, the incineration system 100 can, for example, suppress the occurrence of uneven flow of combustion air supplied from diffuser pipes 14 and 15. Consequently, the incineration system 100 can, for example, improve the combustion stability of the sludge 1 in the incinerator 10.

[0062] Furthermore, the control device 50 may, for example, reverse the rotation direction of each diffuser 15 at a predetermined timing to more efficiently break down the clinker 1c. Specifically, for example, after breaking down the clinker 1c generated above diffuser 15a and diffuser 15b, the control device 50 reverses the rotation direction of each diffuser 15, thereby enabling the breakdown of other clinker (not shown) generated above diffuser 15b and diffuser 15c.

[0063] Thus, each of the multiple diffusers 15 in this embodiment has, for example, one or more vanes 16 attached to its outer circumference, is rotatable around its long axis, and rotates in a different direction from each of the adjacent diffusers 15.

[0064] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment can, for example, break down clinker 1c generated at the top of each diffuser pipe 15 (clinker 1c larger than the gap between two adjacent diffuser pipes 15) and move the broken-down clinker 1c downwards in each diffuser pipe 15. Therefore, the incineration system 100 can, for example, suppress the occurrence of uneven flow of combustion air and improve the combustion stability of the sludge 1 in the incinerator 10.

[0065] [Incineration system 200 in the second embodiment] Next, the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described. Figure 10 is a configuration diagram of the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment. Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the second embodiment. Furthermore, Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the second embodiment. The differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be explained below.

[0066] In this embodiment, the incineration system 200 determines, for example, whether the height of the sludge 1 in the incinerator 10 is uniform based on the difference in pressure measured by a plurality of pressure gauges installed at the same height inside the incinerator 10. If the control device 50 determines, for example, that the height of the sludge 1 in the incinerator 10 is not uniform, it determines that there is a possibility that sufficient combustion air is not being supplied to the position where the height of the sludge 1 is determined to be higher than other positions (the air-fuel ratio is insufficient), and increases the amount of combustion air supplied to the position where the height of the sludge 1 is determined to be higher than other positions.

[0067] As a result, in the incineration system 200 of this embodiment, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of locations in the combustion bed L where combustion air is not sufficiently supplied, and to suppress the generation of unburned carbon 1b in the incinerator 10. Therefore, in the incineration system 200, it is possible to suppress the generation of localized high-temperature fields due to the combustion of unburned carbon 1b, and to suppress the generation of clinker. The configuration of the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described below.

[0068] The incineration system 200 further includes, for example, a pressure gauge 40a (hereinafter also referred to as the first pressure gauge 40a) and a pressure gauge 40b (hereinafter also referred to as the second pressure gauge 40b). Hereinafter, the pressure gauges 40a and 40b will be collectively referred to simply as the pressure gauge 40. The following description will assume that the incineration system 200 has the control device 50 described in the first embodiment, but the control device 50 in the second embodiment may be, for example, a different device (computer device) from the control device 50 in the first embodiment.

[0069] Each of the pressure gauges 40a and 40b is, for example, installed at the same height inside the incinerator 10 and measures the pressure at each location.

[0070] Specifically, as shown in Figure 10, pressure gauges 40a and 40b are installed at different locations on the same XY plane, for example, below the combustion layer L in the incinerator 10. That is, pressure gauges 40a and 40b measure higher pressures as the thickness of the sludge 1 accumulated above increases. Hereinafter, the location where pressure gauge 40a is installed (location on the XY plane) will be referred to as the first position, and the location where pressure gauge 40b is installed (location on the XY plane) will be referred to as the second position. Also, hereafter, the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40a will be referred to as the first pressure, and the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40b will be referred to as the second pressure.

[0071] The control device 50 performs a process to control the supply of combustion air through the diffuser pipe 14 based on the pressure at each position measured by the pressure gauge 40, for example.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, the control device 50 determines, for example, whether the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40a (first pressure) is greater than the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40b (second pressure) (step S11 in Figure 11). The control device 50 may execute step S11 at timings such as 1-minute intervals.

[0073] For example, if the control device 50 determines that the first pressure is greater than the second pressure, it controls the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14 (hereinafter also referred to as diffuser pipe 14a or third diffuser pipe 14a) to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40a is installed (first position) to be greater than the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14 (hereinafter also referred to as diffuser pipe 14b or fourth diffuser pipe 14b) to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40b is installed (second position) (step S12 in Figure 11).

[0074] Specifically, as shown in Figure 12, the control device 50 increases the amount of combustion air supplied to the sludge 1 by one or more diffusers 14a (three diffusers 14 located on the X2 side in the example shown in Figure 12) that are close to the pressure gauge 40a, out of a plurality of diffusers 14 (six diffusers 14 arranged in the X direction in the example shown in Figure 12) that supply combustion air to the sludge 1.

[0075] In other words, for example, if the first pressure is greater than the second pressure, it is possible to determine that the thickness of the sludge 1 accumulated above pressure gauge 40a is greater than the thickness of the sludge 1 accumulated above pressure gauge 40b, and that the amount of combustion air supplied to the sludge 1 accumulated above pressure gauge 40a (combustion layer L located above pressure gauge 40a) is likely to be less than the amount of combustion air supplied to the sludge 1 accumulated above pressure gauge 40b (combustion layer L located above pressure gauge 40b). Therefore, in this case, the control device 50 performs control to increase the amount of combustion air supplied to the area near pressure gauge 40a, which has measured a higher pressure than pressure gauge 40b.

[0076] On the other hand, for example, if the control device 50 determines that the first pressure is less than the second pressure, the control device 50 controls the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14b to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40b is installed (second position) to be greater than the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14a to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40a is installed (first position) (step S13 in Figure 11).

[0077] Specifically, as shown in Figure 12, the control device 50 increases the amount of combustion air supplied by one or more diffusers 14b that are close to the pressure gauge 40b, among the multiple diffusers 14 that supply combustion air to the sludge 1.

[0078] Furthermore, the control device 50 may, for example, perform the process in step S12 when the first pressure is greater than or equal to a predetermined value than the second pressure, and perform the process in step S13 when the second pressure is greater than or equal to a predetermined value than the first pressure. In other words, the control device 50 may, for example, not perform the processes in steps S12 and S13 when the difference between the first pressure and the second pressure is less than a predetermined value.

[0079] Furthermore, the control device 50 may, for example, control the amount of combustion air supplied from each diffuser pipe 14 so that the air ratio inside the incinerator 10 is within a target range (for example, between 0.6 and 1.3, preferably between 0.7 and 1.0). Specifically, the control device 50 may, for example, control the amount of combustion air supplied from each diffuser pipe 14 according to the amount of sludge 1 newly supplied into the incinerator 10 or the temperature of the sludge 1 measured by a thermometer (not shown).

[0080] As described above, the incineration system 200 in this embodiment includes, for example, an incinerator 10 that incinerates sludge 1 fed in from above and discharges the incinerated sludge 1 from below, a plurality of diffusers 14 that supply combustion air for the sludge 1, a first pressure gauge 40a that measures a first pressure at a first position inside the incinerator 10, a second pressure gauge 40b that measures a second pressure at a second position at the same height as the first position inside the incinerator 10, and a control device 50 that controls the supply of combustion air by the plurality of diffusers 14 based on the first pressure and the second pressure.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment, the control device 50 controls the supply amount from diffuser pipe 14a to be greater than the supply amount from diffuser pipe 14b when the first pressure is greater than the second pressure, as shown in Figure 12. On the other hand, unlike the example shown in Figure 12, the control device 50 controls the supply amount from diffuser pipe 14b to be greater than the supply amount from diffuser pipe 14a when the second pressure is greater than the first pressure.

[0082] As a result, the incineration system 200 in this embodiment can easily detect variations in the height of the sludge 1 at each location in the combustion layer L. In this case, the incineration system 200 can supply, for example, an amount of combustion air corresponding to the height of the sludge 1 at each location in the combustion layer L. Therefore, the incineration system 200 can adequately supply combustion air to each location in the combustion layer L. Consequently, the incineration system 200 can suppress the generation of unburned carbon 1b and suppress the generation of clinker due to combustion of the unburned carbon 1b.

[0083] [Incineration system 300 in the third embodiment] Next, the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment will be described. Figure 13 is a configuration diagram of the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment. Figure 14 is a flowchart illustrating the processing in the control device 50 of the third embodiment. The differences from the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described below.

[0084] The incineration system 300 further includes, for example, a pressure gauge 40c (hereinafter also referred to as the third pressure gauge 40c), a pressure gauge 40d, and a pressure gauge 40e. Hereinafter, in addition to pressure gauges 40a and 40, pressure gauges 40c, 40d, and 40e will be collectively referred to simply as the pressure gauge 40.

[0085] The pressure gauge 40c is, for example, a pressure gauge installed above the pressure gauges 40a and 40b inside the incinerator 10.

[0086] Specifically, as shown in Figure 13, the pressure gauge 40c is installed, for example, at a position above the combustion layer L in the incinerator 10, that is, at a position where sludge 1 does not accumulate in the incinerator 10. Hereafter, the position in which the pressure gauge 40c is installed will also be referred to as the third position. Also, hereafter, the pressure measured by the pressure gauge 40c will also be referred to as the third pressure.

[0087] Each of the pressure gauges 40d and 40e is, for example, installed at the same height inside the incinerator 10 and measures the pressure of the sludge 1 at each location.

[0088] Specifically, pressure gauges 40d and 40e are each positioned below pressure gauge 40c, as shown in Figure 13. Furthermore, pressure gauges 40d and 40e are each positioned above pressure gauges 40a and 40b, and at different locations on the same XY plane. For example, pressure gauge 40d may be positioned directly above pressure gauge 40a. Similarly, pressure gauge 40e may be positioned directly above pressure gauge 40b.

[0089] As shown in Figure 14, the control device 50 determines, for example, whether the difference between the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40a (first pressure) and the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c (third pressure) (hereinafter also referred to as the first pressure difference) is greater than the difference between the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40b (second pressure) and the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c (third pressure) (hereinafter also referred to as the second pressure difference) (step S21 in Figure 14). The control device 50 may execute step S21 at timings such as 1-minute intervals.

[0090] Specifically, the control device 50 calculates a first pressure difference by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40a. The control device 50 also calculates a second pressure difference by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40b. Then, the control device 50 compares the calculated first pressure difference with the second pressure difference.

[0091] As a result, for example, if the control device 50 determines that the first pressure difference is greater than the second pressure difference, the control device 50 controls the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14a to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40a is installed (first position) to be greater than the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14b to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40b is installed (second position) (step S22 in Figure 14).

[0092] Specifically, the control device 50 increases the amount of combustion air supplied by one or more diffusers 14a that are close to the pressure gauge 40a, among the multiple diffusers 14 that supply combustion air to the sludge 1.

[0093] On the other hand, for example, if the control device 50 determines that the first pressure difference is smaller than the second pressure difference, the control device 50 controls the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14b to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40b is installed (second position) to be greater than the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14a to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40a is installed (first position) (step S23 in Figure 14).

[0094] Specifically, the control device 50 increases the amount of combustion air supplied by one or more diffusers 14b that are close to the pressure gauge 40b, among the multiple diffusers 14 that supply combustion air to the sludge 1.

[0095] Furthermore, the control device 50 may, for example, perform the process in step S22 when the first pressure difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value than the second pressure difference, and perform the process in step S23 when the second pressure difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value than the first pressure difference. In other words, the control device 50 may, for example, not perform the processes in steps S22 and S23 when the difference between the first pressure difference and the second pressure difference is less than a predetermined value.

[0096] Furthermore, the control device 50 may, for example, in the process of step S21, determine whether the difference between the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40d and the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c (hereinafter also referred to as the third pressure difference) is greater than the difference between the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40e and the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c (hereinafter also referred to as the fourth pressure difference). Then, for example, in the process of step S22, if the control device 50 determines that the third pressure difference is greater than the fourth pressure difference, the control device 50 may control the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14a to the area near the location where pressure gauge 40d is installed to be greater than the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14b to the area near the location where pressure gauge 40e is installed. On the other hand, if the control device 50 determines, for example, in the process of step S23 that the third pressure difference is smaller than the fourth pressure difference, the control device 50 may control the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14b to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40e is installed to be greater than the amount of combustion air supplied by the diffuser pipe 14a to the area near the location where the pressure gauge 40d is installed.

[0097] Furthermore, the control device 50 may, for example, in the process of step S21, determine whether the value calculated by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40a from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c is greater than the value calculated by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40b from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c. Then, for example, in the process of step S22, if it is determined that the value calculated by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40a from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c is smaller than the value calculated by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40b from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c, the control device 50 may control the amount supplied by the diffuser pipe 14a that supplies combustion air to the area near the location where pressure gauge 40a is installed to be greater than the amount supplied by the diffuser pipe 14b that supplies combustion air to the area near the location where pressure gauge 40b is installed. On the other hand, for example, in the process of step S23, if it is determined that the value calculated by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40a from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c is greater than the value calculated by subtracting the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40b from the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c, the control device 50 may control the amount supplied by the diffuser pipe 14b that supplies combustion air to the area near the location where pressure gauge 40b is installed to be greater than the amount supplied by the diffuser pipe 14a that supplies combustion air to the area near the location where pressure gauge 40a is installed.

[0098] Thus, the incineration system 300 in this embodiment includes, for example, a pressure gauge 40c that measures a third pressure at a third position that is higher than the first and second positions. The control device 50 controls the system so that, for example, when the difference between the first pressure and the third pressure (first pressure difference) is greater than the difference between the second pressure and the third pressure (second pressure difference), the amount supplied from the diffuser pipe 14a is greater than the amount supplied from the diffuser pipe 14b, and when the difference between the second pressure and the third pressure (second pressure difference) is greater than the difference between the first pressure and the third pressure (first pressure difference), the amount supplied from the diffuser pipe 14b is greater than the amount supplied from the diffuser pipe 14a.

[0099] As a result, the incineration system 300 in this embodiment, similar to the incineration system 200, can supply a corresponding amount of combustion air to each location in the combustion bed L, even if there is variation in the height of the sludge 1 at each location in the combustion bed L. Therefore, the incineration system 300 can supply sufficient combustion air to each location in the combustion bed L. Consequently, the incineration system 300 can suppress the generation of unburned carbon 1b, and suppress the generation of clinker due to combustion of the unburned carbon 1b.

[0100] In the above example, we have described the case where two pressure gauges 40 (for example, pressure gauge 40a and pressure gauge 40b) are provided on the same XY plane. However, the incineration system 200 and the incineration system 300 (hereinafter also referred to as the incineration system 200, etc.) may have, for example, three or more pressure gauges 40 provided on the same XY plane. Furthermore, the incineration system 200, etc. may, for example, control the amount of combustion air supplied to the vicinity of a pressure gauge 40 (hereinafter also referred to as a specific pressure gauge 40) that measures a pressure higher than the pressures measured by each of the other pressure gauges 40 provided on the same XY plane, so that the amount of combustion air supplied to the vicinity of the specific pressure gauge 40 is greater than the amount of combustion air supplied to the vicinity of the other pressure gauges 40.

[0101] Furthermore, for example, if the difference between the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40c and the pressure measured by pressure gauge 40e is 0, as shown in Figure 13, the height of the sludge 1 accumulated in the incinerator 10 may be lower than the installation height of pressure gauge 40e. In this case, the control device 50 may notify the administrator of the incineration system 200, for example, that the height of the sludge 1 in the incinerator 10 may not be within the normal range.

[0102] As a result, the control device 50 can, for example, prevent the height of the sludge 1 accumulated in the incinerator 10 from falling outside the normal range. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0103] 1: Sludge 1a: Incinerator ash 1b: Unburned carbon 10: Incinerator 11: Combustion chamber 12: Sludge inlet 13: Exhaust gas outlet 14: Aeration pipe 14a: Diffuser pipe 14b: Diffuser pipe 15: Aeration pipe 16: Blade 20: Casing 21: Ash discharge chamber 22: Screw 22a: Screw shaft 22b: First screw blade 22c: Second screw blade 23: Ash outlet 24: Ash outlet 25: Motor 30a: Thermometer 30b: Thermometer 40a: Pressure gauge 40b: Pressure gauge 40c: Pressure gauge 40d: Pressure gauge 40e: Pressure gauge 50: Control device 100: Incineration system 200: Incineration system 300: Incineration system 900: Incineration system L: Combustion layer

Claims

1. An incinerator that burns the materials to be incinerated, which are fed in from above, and discharges the incinerated ash from below, A plurality of first diffusers supply combustion air for the material to be incinerated from a first height inside the incinerator, A plurality of second diffusers supply combustion air for the material to be incinerated from a second height higher than the first height inside the incinerator, A thermometer for measuring the temperature of the material to be incinerated inside the incinerator, An incineration system comprising: a control device that controls the supply of combustion air through at least one of the plurality of first diffusers and the plurality of second diffusers according to the temperature measured by the thermometer.

2. The incineration system according to claim 1, wherein the control device controls the amount of combustion air supplied by the plurality of first diffusers when it determines that the temperature measured by the thermometer satisfies predetermined conditions.

3. The thermometer measures the temperature in the region between the first height and the second height inside the incinerator. The control device is The incineration system according to claim 2, wherein when the temperature in the region between the first height and the second height satisfies the predetermined conditions, the amount of combustion air supplied by the plurality of first diffusers is controlled to decrease.

4. Each of the aforementioned plurality of second diffusers has one or more crushing blades attached to its outer circumference. The incineration system according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is rotatable around its long axis and rotates in a direction different from that of each of the other adjacent diffusers.

5. An incineration method in an incineration system comprising: an incinerator for incinerating materials to be incinerated; a plurality of first diffusers for supplying combustion air for the materials to be incinerated from a first height inside the incinerator; a plurality of second diffusers for supplying combustion air for the materials to be incinerated from a second height higher than the first height inside the incinerator; a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the materials to be incinerated inside the incinerator; and a control device for controlling the supply of combustion air from at least one of the plurality of first diffusers and the plurality of second diffusers according to the temperature measured by the thermometer, wherein An incineration method comprising controlling the amount of combustion air supplied by the plurality of first diffusers when it is determined that the temperature measured by the thermometer satisfies predetermined conditions.

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