Industrial calcination equipment

Abstract

The present application describes an industrial calciner for particulate material comprising a calcination vessel and a gas supply system in fluid communication with said calcination vessel, the gas supply system being configured to supply a calcination gas flow to said calcination vessel, the industrial calciner further comprising at least one electric heater configured to heat the calcination gas, and further comprising at least one humidity regulator and a humidity control system for controlling the output of the at least one humidity regulator. Uses of the industrial calciner and a method for calcining particulate material with the industrial calciner are also described.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an industrial calcination furnace for particulate materials. More specifically, the present invention relates to an industrial calcination furnace equipped with an electric heater. The present invention also relates to the use of an industrial calcination furnace and a method of calcining particulate materials with an industrial calcination furnace.

Background Art

[0002] In many cases, gypsum building panels, often referred to as gypsum boards, are commonly used when installing interior walls and ceilings in buildings. The main component of these building panels is gypsum, also known as calcium sulfate dihydrate CaSO4·2(H2O), but it is well known to include additives such as fibers, starch, and synthetic polymers in particular to modify the chemical and mechanical properties of gypsum boards.

[0003] Typically, gypsum boards are formed from stackoc slurry. Here, stackoc (calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4·0.5(H2O)) and other additives are combined with water to form stackoc slurry. The water in the slurry hydrates the stackoc to form gypsum, and the gypsum slurry is dried at a high temperature to form gypsum boards. Gypsum boards may have one or more decorative materials such as paper sheets, but decorative materials are not always used or desired. Generally, gypsum board products are formed by hydrating calcium sulfate hemihydrate and then drying the mixture, or allowing the mixture to dry naturally to obtain a gypsum product, skim, or layer.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide calcium sulfate hemihydrate for use in the manufacture of gypsum boards, powders, and other products.

[0005] Currently, the industrial production of calcium sulfate hemihydrate relies on a combustion process that uses burners, most commonly gas burners, and thermal energy for calcining gypsum to produce calcium sulfate hemihydrate. Here, the combustion process within the burner supplies hot air to the particulate matter for calcination.

[0006] Because variations in calcination conditions can lead to significant changes in the properties of the calcined particles and, consequently, the properties of the gypsum board produced, it is desirable to strictly control the calcination process, particularly the humidity and temperature of the calcination environment. Furthermore, the calcination process consumes a relatively large amount of energy, and it is desirable to reduce the energy required to produce calcium sulfate hemihydrate from raw gypsum.

[0007] Therefore, it is desirable to improve the controllability of the calcination process and to further reduce the energy required to calcine the raw gypsum. The object and aspects of the present invention are to address at least one of these problems. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an industrial calcination furnace for particulate material is provided, comprising a calcination container and a gas supply system in fluid communication with the calcination container, wherein the gas supply system is configured to supply a calcination gas flow to the calcination container, the industrial calcination furnace further comprises at least one electric heater configured to heat the calcination gas, and further comprises at least one humidity control device and a humidity control system for controlling the output of the at least one humidity control device.

[0009] In this way, industrial calcination furnaces are provided that allow for more precise control of calcination conditions. Optimized conditions such as temperature, humidity, airflow, and pressure are critical to ensuring the calcination process is efficient and to achieving the desired properties of the calcined particulate matter. When the thermal energy required for calcination is provided by conventional combustion methods using liquid and gaseous fuels, it is difficult to control the calcination conditions supplied to the particulate material in the calcination vessel, particularly during the transient operating phases of start and stop. The combustion temperature in these burners may vary depending on the precise combustion mixture within the burner, and this temperature may potentially change from the desired value over time due to the accumulation of combustion products within the burner.

[0010] Furthermore, maintaining combustion within the burner requires a continuous supply of fresh air and fuel. Consequently, these burner systems waste a considerable amount of energy by heating this fresh air and combustion fuel rather than calcining the particulate material. Systems using electric heaters significantly reduce the requirement for fresh air, thereby increasing efficiency. Moreover, the net reduction in fresh ambient air supplied to the calcination process allows for increased recirculation of moist air within industrial calcination furnaces and a reduction in undesirable exhaust substances. Furthermore, the absence of a combustion process can be advantageous because it eliminates the need to heat any combustion products to maintain the calcination gas at the desired temperature. Additionally, the use of electric heaters allows for a flatter temperature profile over time and across the cross-section of the calcination system.

[0011] In particular, improved temperature uniformity of the calcination gas entering the calcination chamber and controlled humidity of the calcination conditions within the chamber enable industrial calcination furnaces to operate over a wider range of both temperature and humidity. Furthermore, the use of electric heaters enhances the properties of the calcined particles. As described above, the use of electric heaters allows for improved control and precision of calcination conditions, enabling optimization of the particle size of gypsum introduced into the calcination chamber, as well as reducing under-calcination and over-calcination of particulate matter.

[0012] The combustion gas contains air. More preferably, the combustion gas consists of air.

[0013] An industrial calcination furnace is capable of calcining at least 4 tons of particulate matter per hour. Production of calcined particles on this scale is only seen in specialized manufacturing plants, and such large-scale processing has different technical characteristics from any experiment-based research-based process, i.e., small-batch production processes. Preferably, the industrial calcination furnace is configured to allow for the continuous calcination of particulate material. Such a feature can be advantageous because it can provide a continuous calcination process.

[0014] Preferably, at least one electric heater is located within the gas supply system. Preferably, the calcination vessel is equipped with a grinder to reduce the size of the particulate material. This is advantageous in that it can reduce the amount of pretreatment of the raw materials, such as providing pre-ground raw gypsum.

[0015] Preferably, the gas supply system comprises a heat exchanger and / or heat pump configured to extract thermal energy from the calcination gas remaining in the calcination vessel. More preferably, the heat exchanger and / or heat pump is configured to heat at least a portion of the calcination gas before it enters the calcination vessel. This feature can be advantageous because it allows for the recovery and reuse of thermal energy within the industrial calcination furnace. In this way, the efficiency of the calcination process is increased.

[0016] Preferably, the industrial or kiln comprises a heating control system for controlling the output of at least one electric heater. Preferably, the heating control system comprises at least one temperature sensor. Preferably, the temperature sensor is located inside the industrial or kiln. More preferably, the heating control system comprises a computer processor configured to control at least one electric heater and maintain heating parameters within a desired range. Heating parameters may include, in particular, the current supplied to the electric heater, the electrical resistance of the elements within the electric heater, the periods during which power is supplied to the electric heater and / or the periods during which power is not supplied to the electric heater.

[0017] Preferably, the desired range may be predetermined. Alternatively, the desired range may be selected by the user. More preferably, the desired range may change over time. Even more preferably, the change over time is periodic. The desired range may include a range of values ​​or a single value. Preferably, the heating control system is configured to sound an alarm when the heating parameter falls outside the desired range. More preferably, the heating control system is configured to sound an alarm when the heating parameter falls outside the desired range for a specified time period. This specified time period may be predetermined or selected by the user. Preferably, the alarm includes an audible alarm. Preferably, the alarm includes a visual alarm. Preferably, the alarm issuance is recorded within the heating control system.

[0018] Preferably, the heating control system comprises a plurality of temperature sensors. Preferably, the plurality of temperature sensors are located industrially or within the furnace. More preferably, some of the temperature sensors are located in separate locations from the industrial or furnace. Preferably, the heating control system is configured to control at least one electric heater in response to a measurement from at least one temperature sensor. For example, the control system may modify the operation of at least one electric heater if the temperature measured by one or more temperature sensors, as described above, falls outside a desired range.

[0019] Preferably, the heating control system includes at least one temperature sensor located with the exhaust flow of the industrial or furnace during use. The at least one temperature sensor in the exhaust flow may allow for indirect determination of the temperature inside the industrial or furnace.

[0020] The industrial furnace further comprises at least one humidity control device. The industrial furnace comprises a humidity control system for controlling the output of at least one humidity control device. Preferably, the humidity control system comprises at least one humidity sensor. Preferably, the humidity sensor is located inside the industrial furnace. Preferably, the humidity control system is configured to independently control the output of each of the at least one humidity control device.

[0021] Preferably, the humidity control device can increase the humidity in an industrial furnace or kiln. Preferably, the humidity generator can decrease the humidity in an industrial furnace or kiln. More preferably, the humidity control device can increase or decrease the humidity in an industrial furnace or kiln.

[0022] By controlling the humidity inside an industrial calcinerator, it becomes possible to adjust the calcination conditions and thereby alter the properties of the calcined particles and, consequently, the properties of the manufactured gypsum board. Therefore, controlling the humidity inside an industrial calcinerator is particularly advantageous during the temporary operation phases of starting and stopping.

[0023] Preferably, the humidity control system comprises a computer processor configured to control a humidity control device to maintain humidity parameters within a desired range. Humidity parameters may include, in particular, the rate at which steam and / or water vapor is introduced into the industrial furnace, the rate at which steam and / or water vapor is removed from the industrial furnace, the duration for which steam and / or water vapor is introduced into the industrial furnace, and / or the duration for which steam and / or water vapor is removed from the industrial furnace.

[0024] Preferably, the desired range may be predetermined. Alternatively, the desired range may be selected by the user. More preferably, the desired range may change over time. Even more preferably, the change over time is periodic. The desired range may include a range of values ​​or a single value. Preferably, the humidity control system is configured to sound an alarm when the humidity parameter falls outside the desired range. More preferably, the heating control system is configured to sound an alarm when the humidity parameter falls outside the desired range for a specified time period. This specified time period may be predetermined or selected by the user. Preferably, the alarm includes an audible alarm. Preferably, the alarm includes a visual alarm. Preferably, the alarm issuance is recorded within the humidity control system.

[0025] Preferably, the humidity control system comprises a plurality of humidity sensors. Preferably, the plurality of humidity control sensors are located in an industrial setting or within a furnace. More preferably, some of the humidity sensors are located in a separate location from the industrial setting or furnace. Preferably, the humidity control system is configured to control at least one humidity control device in response to a measurement from at least one humidity sensor. For example, the control system may adjust the water vapor and / or vapor output of at least one humidity control device when the humidity measured by one or more humidity sensors, as described above, falls outside a desired range.

[0026] Preferably, the humidity control system comprises at least one humidity sensor located with the exhaust flow of the industrial or furnace during use. The at least one humidity sensor in the exhaust flow may enable indirect determination of the humidity inside the industrial or furnace.

[0027] When an industrial calcination furnace includes a plurality of temperature and / or humidity sensors, this may advantageously enable more precise control of the temperature and / or humidity of the industrial calcination furnace by the industrial calcination furnace. Further, when multiple sensors are used, it may be advantageous to provide different temperatures and / or different humidities in different regions of the industrial calcination furnace to more tightly control the final properties of the gypsum board. In this way, the humidity of the industrial calcination furnace can be monitored and adjusted, such as during temporary operating phases of start-up and shut-down, to provide desired calcination conditions.

[0028] Preferably, the industrial calcination furnace includes a pressure control system for controlling the pressure within the industrial calcination furnace. Preferably, the pressure control system includes at least one pressure sensor. Preferably, the at least one pressure sensor is located within the industrial calcination furnace. Preferably, the industrial calcination furnace is configured to control the pressure control system in response to measurements from the at least one pressure sensor.

[0029] Preferably, the industrial calcination furnace includes an air flow control system for controlling the air flow through the industrial calcination furnace. Preferably, the air flow control system includes at least one air flow sensor. Preferably, the air flow sensor is located within the industrial calcination furnace. Preferably, the air flow control system is configured to control the air flow through the industrial calcination furnace in response to measurements from the at least one air flow sensor. [[ID=​​​​​​Preferably, the industrial calcinerator further comprises a filter unit configured to remove calcined particulate matter from the calcination gas. Preferably, the industrial calcinerator is configured to recirculate at least a portion of the calcination gas. The recirculation feature can be advantageous because the gas supply system can enable the recovery and reuse of the calcination gas heated by the electric heater. In this way, the efficiency of the calcination process is increased. Furthermore, the use of a filter unit may be preferable when at least a portion of the calcination gas is recirculated. The use of a filter can extend the lifespan of the components in the industrial calcinerator and reduce the long-term operating costs of the apparatus in such embodiments.

[0032] Preferably, the industrial or furnace is equipped with an auxiliary electric heater. The presence of an auxiliary electric heater in the industrial or furnace makes it possible to raise the temperature of the recovered gas, increasing the likelihood of reusing it within the industrial or furnace. Such a recovery process is not feasible in conventional burner-type systems due to the remote location of the burner, combustion safety requirements, and the complexity of the system purge sequence. Heating the recovered gas with an auxiliary electric heater increases its evaporation capacity, avoids undesirable condensation within the industrial or furnace, prevents quality issues with the calcined particulate matter, and / or provides a fail-safe in the event of a disruption in the supply source of recovered air.

[0033] Preferably, the industrial calcination furnace comprises a plurality of electric heaters. More preferably, each of the plurality of electric heaters is controlled independently. In this way, the precision and control of the calcination gas temperature may be improved. Preferably, the industrial calcination furnace comprises at least one valve to control the passage of fluid within the industrial calcination furnace. More preferably, some of the valves among the plurality are located in separate locations from the industrial calcination furnace.

[0034] Preferably, the gas supply system includes a source of fresh air.

[0035] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the use of the above-described industrial calcination furnace for calcining particulate material is provided.

[0036] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for calcining a particulate material, comprising the steps of: providing the industrial calcination furnace described above; providing gypsum; placing the gypsum in a calcination container; exposing the particulate material to heat from at least one electric heater; and calcining the particulate material.

[0037] Preferably, the method further includes a step of maintaining the water vapor level in the cauldron container at 0.3 kg or more of steam per 1 kg of air. More preferably, the method further includes a step of maintaining the water vapor level in the cauldron container at 0.4 kg or more of steam per 1 kg of air.

[0038] Naturally, each and / or any features and / or advantages relating to the first aspect of the present invention may also be included and / or applied to each and / or both of the second and third aspects of the present invention.

[0039] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an industrial calcination furnace for particulate material is provided, comprising a calcination container and a gas supply system in fluid communication with the calcination container, wherein the gas supply system is configured to supply a calcination gas stream to the calcination container, and the industrial calcination furnace further comprises at least one electric heater configured to heat the calcination gas.

[0040] Preferably, the industrial or incinerator further comprises at least one humidity control device.

[0041] Preferably, the industrial furnace includes a humidity control system for controlling the output of at least one humidity control device.

[0042] Naturally, each and / or any feature and / or advantage relating to the first aspect of the present invention may also be included and / or applied to the fourth aspect of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0043] Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings, merely as examples.

[0044] Figure 1 is a diagram of an industrial furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Referring to Figure 1, an industrial calcinerator 100 for particulate materials is shown, comprising a calcination container 101. In the following description, the industrial calcinerator 100 is shown for use with raw gypsum for the production of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, the main component in gypsum board and panels. However, the particulate material to be calcined is not considered to be particularly limited.

[0046] The calcination container 101 comprises an upper section having a particle inlet 102 at a first end 101a and a cylindrical section at a second end 101b. In a further embodiment, the upper section may be frustoconical. The industrial calcination furnace 100 further comprises a feeding unit 103 configured to supply particulate material into the calcination container 101. The feeding unit 103 is located at the first end 101a of the calcination container 101. The feeding unit 103 comprises an inlet for depositing particulate material such as gypsum into the feeding unit 103 and a feeder for supplying the particulate material into the calcination container 101 via the particle inlet 102. The feeder may be any suitable feeder, such as a chain feeder or a metering belt feeder.

[0047] The feeding unit 103 includes a first motor M1 and a particle feeding control system for controlling the particle material feeding rate of the feeding unit 103. In this way, the rate of deposition of particulate matter into the calcination container 101 can be controlled.

[0048] The calcination container 101 includes a pulverizer 104 located at the second end 101b of the calcination container 101 to reduce the size of the particulate material. The pulverizer 104 includes a pulverizer motor M2 and a pulverization control system for controlling the pulverization rate of the particulate material. In this way, the pulverization rate and, consequently, the size of the particulate material within the calcination container 101 can be controlled.

[0049] The industrial calcination furnace 100 further comprises a gas supply system 105 that is in fluid communication with the calcination vessel 101. The calcination vessel 101 has a fluid inlet 106 located at the second end 101b of the calcination vessel 101. The gas supply system 105 is configured to supply a calcination gas flow to the calcination vessel 101 via the fluid inlet 106.

[0050] The gas supply system 105 comprises a heating vessel 107 and an air inlet A. The air inlet A is in fluid communication with the heating vessel 107 and is arranged to supply ambient air to the heating vessel 107 from a fresh air source. The gas supply system 105 further comprises a first fan 115 to assist the flow of air into the heating vessel 107 via the air inlet A.

[0051] The industrial calcination furnace 100 comprises a plurality of electric heaters 108 configured to heat the calcination gas. The plurality of electric heaters 108 are located within a heating vessel 107 of a gas supply system 105. The calcination gas is formed within the heating vessel 107 and includes air that is heated by the plurality of electric heaters 108 supplied through an air inlet A.

[0052] In this embodiment, raw gypsum deposited in the feeding unit 103 is fed into the calcination container 101, where it is subsequently crushed by a crusher 104 to reduce the size of the gypsum particles. The crushed gypsum is then located at the second end 101b of the calcination container 101. Calcination gas is then supplied to the calcination container 101 from the gas supply system 105 via the fluid inlet 106 so that the calcination container 101 contains both the crushed gypsum and the heated calcination gas. In this way, the particulate material is exposed to heat from multiple electric heaters 108 via the heated gas.

[0053] The gypsum is calcined by heating the crushed gypsum with calcination gas so that calcium sulfate hemihydrate is formed in the calcination container 101. This process mixes the calcined particulate matter with the calcination gas in the calcination container 101. The calcination gas, containing the calcined particulate matter, then reaches the first end 101a of the calcination container 101 by thermodynamic principles.

[0054] The calcination container 101 is in fluid communication with a filter unit 111 configured to remove calcined particulate matter from the calcination gas. The calcination container 101 is equipped with a fluid outlet 110 located at a first end 101a, and the calcination gas is discharged from the calcination container 101 through the fluid outlet 110. The calcination gas then passes through the filter unit 111, where calcium sulfate hemihydrate particles are removed from the calcination gas. In this way, the calcined gypsum can be recovered from the industrial calcination furnace 100 for further use.

[0055] The industrial calcinerator 100 is configured to recirculate at least a portion of the calcination gas. The filter unit 111 is in fluid communication with the gas supply system 105 so that the calcination gas discharged from the filter unit 111 after the extraction of calcined gypsum can be reintroduced into the gas supply system 105. The recirculated calcination gas reintroduces into the heating vessel 107 and mixes with the calcination gas entering the heating vessel 107 through the air inlet A. Thus, the recirculation of the gas previously used in the calcination process requires even less air from the air inlet A by the industrial calcinerator 100. Multiple electric heaters 108 heat the mixture of inlet gas and recirculated gas in the heating vessel 107 to a desired temperature. The industrial calcinerator 100 is configured to continuously calcine particulate material so that a continuous calcination process is provided.

[0056] Alternatively, the calcined gas may be discharged into the external environment from the industrial calcinerator 100 via the exhaust outlet 112. The first valve 114 adjusts the amount of calcined gas discharged from the industrial calcinerator 100 via the exhaust outlet 112, allowing control of the amount of recirculated calcined gas. The flow of calcined gas discharged from the filter unit 111 is supported by a second fan 117 located adjacent to the filter unit 111. The second fan 117 supports the flow of calcined gas for both recirculation and discharge to the external environment.

[0057] The gas supply system 105 also includes a heat exchanger 118 configured to extract thermal energy from the calcination gas remaining in the calcination vessel 101. Although the heat exchanger 118 is shown in this embodiment, the use of a heat pump, either alone or in combination with the heat exchanger, is also conceivable. The heat exchanger 118 is configured to heat at least a portion of the calcination gas before it enters the calcination vessel 101. In this way, the thermal energy is recovered and reused, so that the industrial calcination furnace 100 has lower resource requirements and improved efficiency.

[0058] The industrial calcinerator 100 includes a pressure control system for controlling the pressure inside the industrial calcinerator 100. The pressure control system includes a pressure sensor PT located inside the industrial calcinerator 100 to measure the pressure between the calcination gas entering the calcination vessel 101 and the calcination gas being discharged from the industrial calcinerator 100 through the exhaust outlet 112. The industrial calcinerator 100 is configured to control the pressure control system in response to the measurement by the pressure sensor PT.

[0059] The industrial calcination furnace 100 further comprises a heating control system for controlling the output of a plurality of electric heaters 108. The heating control system includes a temperature sensor TT located within the industrial calcination furnace 100, configured to measure the temperature of the calcination gas discharged from the calcination vessel 101. The heating control system includes a computer processor configured to control the plurality of electric heaters 108 to maintain heating parameters within a desired range by partially controlling the electricity input to the plurality of electric heaters 108. The heating control system modifies the operation of at least one of the plurality of electric heaters 108 if the temperature measured by the temperature sensor TT falls outside the desired range.

[0060] The industrial calcinerator 100 further comprises a humidity control device and a humidity control system for controlling the output of the humidity control device. The humidity control system includes a humidity sensor located within the industrial calcinerator 100 configured to measure the humidity inside the calcination chamber 101, and the humidity control system is configured to control the humidity control device in response to the measurement by the humidity sensor. The humidity control system includes a computer processor configured to control the humidity control device to maintain the humidity parameter within a desired range, and the humidity control device can increase and decrease the humidity inside the industrial calcinerator 100.

[0061] Both the temperature control system and the humidity control system are configured to issue an alarm if the temperature parameter or humidity parameter, respectively, falls outside the desired range. Each alarm is recorded within the temperature control system and the humidity control system, respectively. In this way, the calcination conditions inside the industrial calcination furnace 100 can be monitored, and a log of periods of unfavorable conditions is constructed.

[0062] The industrial calcination furnace 100 further comprises an airflow control system for controlling the output of a humidity control device. The airflow control system comprises a first airflow sensor FT located inside the industrial calcination furnace 100 to measure at least one characteristic of the airflow of calcination gas discharged from the filter unit 111. The airflow control system further comprises a second airflow sensor FT' located inside the industrial calcination furnace 100 to measure at least one characteristic of the airflow of calcination gas entering the industrial calcination furnace 100. The airflow control system is configured to control the airflow through the industrial calcination furnace 100 in response to measurements from the first airflow sensor FT and / or the second airflow sensor FT'.

[0063] In this way, the pressure, temperature, humidity, and airflow characteristics within the industrial calcination furnace 100 can be controlled more precisely, providing optimized calcination conditions. The controlled humidity of the calcination conditions within the calcination vessel 101 allows the industrial calcination furnace 100 to operate over a wider temperature and humidity range. Furthermore, the improved control and precision of the calcination conditions allow for optimization of particle size and reduction of under-calcination and over-calcination of particulate matter, thus improving the properties of calcined gypsum particles through the use of multiple electric heaters 108.

Claims

1. A baking container and The aforementioned gas supply system is in fluid communication with the firing container. An industrial or calcination furnace for particulate materials, The gas supply system is configured to supply a calcination gas flow to the calcination container. The industrial furnace further comprises at least one electric heater configured to heat the furnace gas, and The aforementioned industrial furnace further comprises at least one humidity control device and a humidity control system for controlling the output of the at least one humidity control device. The industrial calcinerator comprises an airflow control system for controlling the airflow through the industrial calcinerator, and the airflow control system comprises at least one airflow sensor.

2. The industrial furnace according to claim 1, wherein at least one electric heater is located within the gas supply system.

3. The industrial calcinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calcination container is equipped with a pulverizer for reducing the size of the particulate material.

4. The industrial calcinerator according to any one of the claims, wherein the gas supply system comprises a heat exchanger and / or a heat pump configured to extract thermal energy from the calcination gas remaining in the calcination vessel.

5. The industrial calcination furnace according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger and / or heat pump is configured to heat at least a portion of the calcination gas before it enters the calcination vessel.

6. The industrial calcinerator according to any one of the claims, wherein the industrial calcinerator comprises a heating control system for controlling the output of the at least one electric heater, preferably the heating control system comprises at least one temperature sensor.

7. The industrial furnace according to any one of the claims, wherein the humidity control system comprises at least one humidity sensor.

8. The industrial calcinerator according to any one of the claims, wherein the industrial calcinerator comprises a pressure control system for controlling the pressure inside the industrial calcinerator, preferably the pressure control system comprises at least one pressure sensor.

9. The industrial calcinerator according to any one of the claims, further comprising a filter unit configured to remove calcined particulate matter from the calcination gas.

10. The industrial calcination furnace according to any one of the claims, wherein the industrial calcination furnace is configured to recirculate at least a portion of the calcination gas.

11. The industrial furnace according to any one of the claims, wherein the industrial furnace comprises a plurality of electric heaters.

12. Use of an industrial calcination furnace according to any one of the above claims for calcining particulate materials.

13. A step of providing an industrial furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 11, The process of providing gypsum, The steps include placing the gypsum inside the firing container, A step of exposing the particle material to heat from at least one electric heater, A step of calcining the aforementioned particulate material A method for calcining particulate materials, including those containing particulate matter.

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