Systems, programs, and methods

Abstract

To control charging of multiple mobile batteries and power supply from the multiple mobile batteries to the outside.SOLUTION: A system comprises: a control unit that provides power resources to a power network by performing, in response to a first request demanding reduction in power consumption, at least one of first control of reducing an amount of charging to multiple mobile batteries and second control of increasing an amount of power supply from the multiple mobile batteries and performing, in response to a second request demanding increase in power consumption, at least one of third control of increasing the amount of charging to the multiple mobile batteries and fourth control of reducing an amount of power supply from the multiple mobile batteries to the outside; and an allocation unit that on the basis of a power resource amount that can be provided by each of the multiple mobile batteries and a power resource amount that is necessary to be provided for the power network, allocates which of the first control, the second control, the third control, and the fourth control makes each of the multiple mobile batteries provide power resources in multiple time periods in the future.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a system, a program, and a method.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Documents 1-7 disclose technologies related to power grid supply-demand adjustment. [Prior Art Documents] [Patent Documents] Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2021-87261 Patent Document 2 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-50240 Patent Document 3 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2021-150988 Patent Document 4 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2021-100326 Patent Document 5 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2021-149788 Patent Document 6 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2020-108301 Patent Document 7 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2021-16288

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0003] There is a problem that it is not easy to effectively utilize a battery to achieve energy saving.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0004] In a first embodiment of the present invention, a system is provided. The system controls the charging of a plurality of mobile batteries and the supply of power from the plurality of mobile batteries to an external source. The system includes a control unit that provides power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to the plurality of mobile batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of mobile batteries to an external source in response to a first request that requests a reduction in power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of mobile batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of mobile batteries to an external source in response to a second request that requests an increase in power consumption. The system includes an allocation unit that allocates whether each of the plurality of mobile batteries provides power resources to the power network by the first control, the second control, the third control and the fourth control in each of a plurality of time periods in the future, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network.

[0005] The system may further include an estimation unit that estimates the amount of power resources that each of the multiple mobile batteries can provide to the power network by the first, second, third, and fourth controls in each of the multiple time periods in the future, based on the predicted usage of the multiple mobile batteries.

[0006] The estimation unit may estimate the power resources that need to be provided to the power network in each of the multiple time periods in the future, based on target values ​​for power consumption by the multiple mobile batteries in each time period in the future and predictions of the charge and discharge amounts of the multiple mobile batteries in the future.

[0007] The allocation unit may allocate the amount of power resources that each of the multiple mobile batteries will provide to the power network in each of the multiple time periods in the future, according to any of the first control, second control, third control, and fourth control.

[0008] When the allocation unit assigns whether or not each of the plurality of movable batteries provides power resources to the power network, it may prioritize the allocation of the first control over the second control and the allocation of the fourth control over the third control.

[0009] The allocation unit may allocate which of the first, second, third, and fourth controls each of the multiple movable batteries provides power resources to the power network in each of several time periods in the future, so that the change in the charging power or discharging power of the multiple movable batteries is less than or equal to a predetermined value.

[0010] The estimation unit may, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, assign each of the plurality of mobile batteries to provide power resources to the power network by one of the first, second, third, and fourth controls during each of the multiple time periods within the period during which power resources agreed upon in the power market should be provided to the power network. The control unit may, in response to receiving the first request within the period during which power resources should be provided to the power network, perform at least one of the first and second controls based on the amount of power resources that the estimation unit has estimated to be available to the power network, and in response to receiving the second request within the period during which power resources should be provided to the power network, perform at least one of the third and fourth controls based on the amount of power resources that the estimation unit has estimated to be available to the power network.

[0011] The aforementioned plurality of movable batteries may include batteries mounted on a vehicle.

[0012] The aforementioned plurality of movable batteries may include batteries mounted on the vehicle and replaceable at multiple stations.

[0013] In a second embodiment of the present invention, a program is provided which causes a computer to function as the system described above.

[0014] A third embodiment of the present invention provides a method. The method includes the step of providing power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to a plurality of mobile batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of mobile batteries to the outside in response to a first request that requires a reduction in power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of mobile batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of mobile batteries to the outside in response to a second request that requires an increase in power consumption. The method includes the step of assigning, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, which of the first control, the second control, the third control and the fourth control each of the plurality of mobile batteries provides to the power network in each of a plurality of time periods in the future.

[0015] The above summary of the invention does not enumerate all of its features. Furthermore, subcombinations of these features may also constitute an invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0016] [Figure 1] A conceptual representation of how the power system 5 is used in one embodiment is shown. [Figure 2] An example of the system configuration of System 100 is shown. [Figure 3] A graph schematically showing predicted power 301 and target power 302 that are predicted to be consumed during the supply period. [Figure 4] A graph schematically showing estimated power 311 during the supply period. [Figure 5] A graph schematically showing required power 331 that the system 100 needs to secure during the supply period. [Figure 6] A diagram for explaining an example of a method for calculating power resources available from the vehicle 10. [Figure 7] A diagram for explaining another example of a method for calculating power resources available from the vehicle 10. [Figure 8] A diagram for explaining another example of a method for calculating power resources available from the vehicle 10. [Figure 9] Schematically shows the total power and total power amount available from all stations 30. [Figure 10] A schematic diagram for explaining control to allocate power and power amount available in response to demand to the station 30a and the battery 12a. [Figure 11] A schematic diagram for explaining control to allocate power and power amount available in response to demand to the station 30b and the batteries 12b and 12c. [Figure 12] A schematic diagram for explaining control to allocate power and power amount available in response to demand to the station 30c and the batteries 12d and 12e. [Figure 13] Shows an example of the time change of power consumption by the control of the station 30. [Figure 14] A flowchart showing the procedure of the process executed by the system 100. [Figure 15] Shows an example of the computer 2000.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0017] The present invention will be described below through embodiments, but these embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Furthermore, not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are necessarily essential to the solution of the invention.

[0018] Figure 1 conceptually illustrates the usage of the power system 5 in one embodiment. The power system 5 comprises stations 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d, a power generator 80, a system 100, a server 180, and vehicles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, and 20.

[0019] In this embodiment, stations 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d may be collectively referred to as "station 30". Vehicles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, and 10e may be collectively referred to as "vehicle 10". Vehicles 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, and 10e are equipped with batteries 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, and 12e, respectively. Batteries 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, and 12e may be collectively referred to as "battery 12".

[0020] System 100 is connected to server 180 via communication network 190. Server 180 can communicate with station 30 via communication network 190. System 100 controls station 30 via communication network 190. System 100 communicates with vehicle 10 via communication network 190 and acquires various information about vehicle 10, such as vehicle 10's driving history and battery 12's SOC.

[0021] Station 30, electricity consumers 70, and power generation equipment 80 are connected to a power network 90. ​​Power generation equipment 80 includes, for example, a power plant operated by a power company. The electricity generated by power generation equipment 80 can be supplied to Station 30 and electricity consumers 70 through the power network 90. ​​The power network 90 is, for example, a power grid.

[0022] Station 30 charges, discharges, or puts into standby mode the batteries 12 installed in the vehicles 10 to which it is connected. Vehicle 10 is, for example, an electric vehicle. Battery 12 is a battery that supplies power for the vehicle 10 to run. Vehicle 10 may be a privately owned vehicle, a vehicle used by a business for business purposes, a shared car, etc. Battery 12 is an example of a mobile battery. Battery 12 can be operational while installed in vehicle 10.

[0023] Station 30a is located in a private residence 42 and charges and discharges the battery 12a of vehicle 10a connected to Station 30a. Station 30b is a public charging and discharging station and charges and discharges the batteries 12 installed in multiple vehicles 10, including vehicles 10b and 10c connected to Station 30b. Station 30c is located in a facility 44 and charges and discharges the batteries 12 installed in multiple vehicles 10, including vehicles 10d and 10e connected to Station 30c.

[0024] Station 30d holds multiple batteries that can be mounted on vehicle 20 and charges and discharges the multiple batteries it holds. Vehicle 20 is, for example, an electric motorcycle. The battery 12f used in vehicle 20 is replaced at station 30. For example, the battery 12f used to run vehicle 20 is replaced with a battery 12g charged at station 30d and installed in vehicle 20. Battery 12f and battery 12g are examples of movable batteries. Battery 12f and battery 12g can become movable by being mounted on vehicle 20. Battery 12f and battery 12g can also become movable by being carried by a person.

[0025] Each of the stations 30 can charge its battery 12 with power supplied from the power network 90. ​​The stations 30 can also discharge their batteries 12 to supply power to the power network 90.

[0026] Each of the stations 30 charges and discharges the battery 12 according to the control of the system 100. For example, when there is a power shortage in the power network 90, the system 100 can supply power to the power network 90 by having the stations 30 discharge the battery 12. When there is a power surplus in the power network 90, the system 100 can reduce the power surplus in the power network 90 by having the stations 30 charge the battery. The system 100 can use the stations 30 to provide primary, secondary, and tertiary adjustment power to the power network 90. ​​In this way, the system 100 can aggregate multiple batteries 12 and manage them as a power resource for the power network 90.

[0027] Server 180 is a server used, for example, by a power aggregator. Server 180 conducts power trading in the power market. System 100 can provide Server 180 with batteries 12 which are managed as power resources. System 100 controls the charging and discharging of batteries by Station 30 to provide the amount of power agreed upon by Server 180 to the power network 90. ​​For example, System 100 controls the charging and discharging of batteries 12 by Station 30 in response to demand from Server 180 to provide an amount of power corresponding to the demand.

[0028] Figure 2 shows an example of the system configuration of system 100. System 100 comprises a processing unit 200, a storage unit 280, and a communication device 290.

[0029] The processing unit 200 controls the communication device 290. The communication device 290 is responsible for communication between the station 30a and the server 180. The processing unit 200 is implemented by an arithmetic processing unit including a processor. Each storage unit 280 is implemented with a non-volatile storage medium. The processing unit 200 performs processing using the information stored in the storage unit 280. The processing unit 200 may be implemented by a microcomputer equipped with a CPU, ROM, RAM, I / O, bus, etc. The system 100 may be implemented by a computer.

[0030] In this embodiment, system 100 is implemented by a single computer. However, in other embodiments, system 100 may be implemented by multiple computers. At least some of the functions of system 100 may be implemented by one or more servers, such as a cloud server.

[0031] The processing unit 200 includes an acquisition unit 210, an estimation unit 220, an allocation unit 230, and a control unit 240.

[0032] The acquisition unit 210 acquires the driving history of the vehicle 10 and the charge / discharge history of the battery 12. The acquisition unit 210 may acquire the driving history transmitted from the vehicle 10 to the system 100. The driving history of the vehicle 10 may include information relating the location of the vehicle 10 and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 12 to the date and time. The acquisition unit 210 may acquire the charge / discharge history transmitted from the vehicle 10 to the system 100. The acquisition unit 210 may acquire the charge / discharge history of the battery 12 transmitted from the station 30. The charge / discharge history may include information relating the charge / discharge amount of the battery 12 to the date and time. The acquisition unit 210 may acquire information indicating the current state of the vehicle 10. The current state of the vehicle 10 may include the current location of the vehicle 10, the current SOC of the battery 12, etc. The estimation unit 220, the allocation unit 230, and the control unit 240 may perform processing based on the information acquired by the acquisition unit 210.

[0033] System 100 controls the charging of battery 12 and the supply of power from battery 12 to an external source. The control unit 240 provides power resources to the power network 90 by, in response to a first request requesting a reduction in power consumption, performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to the battery 12 and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the battery 12, and in response to a second request requesting an increase in power consumption, performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the battery 12 and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the battery 12 to the outside. Power resources may be power or energy. Providing power resources to the power network 90 includes increasing the power demand of the power network 90 and decreasing the power demand of the power network 90, and does not mean only supplying power to the power network 90.

[0034] The estimation unit 220 estimates, based on the predicted usage of the batteries 12, which of the first, second, third, and fourth controls each of the batteries 12 can provide power resources to the power network 90. ​​For example, the estimation unit 220 estimates, based on the predicted usage of the batteries 12, the amount of power resources each of the batteries 12 can provide to the power network 90 through the first, second, third, and fourth controls.

[0035] The estimation unit 220 may estimate the amount of power resources that each of the batteries 12 can provide to the power network 90 by the first, second, third, and fourth controls in each of several time periods in the future, based on the predicted usage of the batteries 12. The estimation unit 220 may estimate the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network 90 in each of several time periods in the future, based on the target value of the power consumption of the batteries 12 for each time period in the future and the prediction of the charge and discharge amounts of the batteries 12 in the future.

[0036] The predicted usage of battery 12 includes, for example, the time period during which battery 12 is expected to be used. The predicted usage of battery 12 may further include the predicted charge state of battery 12. The estimation unit 220 may estimate the predicted usage of battery 12 based on the battery 12's past usage history and the battery 12's future usage plan.

[0037] The predicted usage of battery 12 may include the timing at which charging or discharging of battery 12 is predicted. The estimation unit 220 estimates the amount of power resources that can be provided to the power network 90 by changing the timing of charging or discharging of battery 12, relative to the timing at which charging or discharging of battery 12 is predicted to occur within the period during which power resources agreed upon in the power market should be provided to the power network 90. ​​By performing this estimation, the estimation unit 220 may estimate the amount of power resources that each of the batteries 12 can provide to the power network 90 through the first control, second control, third control, and fourth control, respectively.

[0038] The estimation unit 220 may, based on the amount of power resources that each of the batteries 12 can provide to the power network 90 and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network 90, allocate which of the first, second, third, and fourth controls to provide power resources from the batteries 12 to the power network 90 during each time period within the period during which power resources agreed upon in the power market should be provided to the power network 90. ​​The control unit 240 may, in response to receiving a first request within the period during which power resources should be provided to the power network 90, perform at least one of the first and second controls based on the amount of power resources that the estimation unit 220 has estimated to be available to the power network 90, and in response to receiving a second request within the period during which power resources should be provided to the power network 90, perform at least one of the third and fourth controls based on the amount of power resources that the estimation unit 220 has estimated to be available to the power network 90.

[0039] The control unit 240 may, in response to receiving a first request within the period during which power resources should be provided to the power network 90, perform at least one of the first and second controls based on the amount of power resources that can be provided to the power network 90 as estimated by the estimation unit 220, and in response to receiving a second request within the period during which power resources should be provided to the power network 90, perform at least one of the third and fourth controls based on the amount of power resources that can be provided to the power network 90 as estimated by the estimation unit 220.

[0040] The allocation unit 230 assigns which of the first, second, third, and fourth controls each of the batteries 12 will use to provide power resources to the power network 90 in each of several future time periods, based on the amount of power resources each of the batteries 12 can provide to the power network 90 and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network 90. ​​For example, the allocation unit 230 may assign which of the first, second, third, and fourth controls each of the batteries 12 will use to provide power resources to the power network 90 in each of several future time periods.

[0041] The allocation unit 230 may, when allocating whether each of the batteries 12 will provide power resources to the power network 90, prioritize the allocation of the first control over the allocation of the second control, and prioritize the allocation of the allocation of the fourth control over the allocation of the third control. The allocation unit 230 may allocate whether each of the batteries 12 will provide power resources to the power network 90 by the first control, second control, third control, or fourth control in each of several time periods in the future, so that the change in the charging power or discharging power of the batteries 12 is less than or equal to a predetermined value.

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic graph showing the predicted power 301 and target power 302 expected to be consumed during the supply period. In this embodiment, the "supply period" refers to the period during which the amount of electricity agreed upon in the electricity market should be supplied. The supply period shown in Figures 3 to 12 is assumed to be the period from time t1 to t4.

[0043] The predicted power 301 is an assumed value of the power demand that will occur under the control of system 100. For example, the predicted power 301 is a baseline value of power demand every 30 minutes used when trading in the power market. The target power 302 is determined by subtracting the amount of power contracted in the power market from the predicted power 301. The target power 302 is the power consumption that system 100 should be able to maintain in order to ensure that the amount of power contracted in the power market is supplied to the power network 90.

[0044] Figure 4 is a schematic graph showing the estimated power 311 during the service period. The estimated power 311 represents the estimated power consumption consumed by charging the battery 12 controlled by the system 100. The estimated power 311 may be estimated based on the future charging plan for the battery 12 during the service period, the forecast of the vehicle 10 entering and leaving the station 30, and the history of the battery 12's charge and discharge amounts for each time period in the past. The estimated power 311 is estimated by the estimation unit 220.

[0045] Figure 5 is a graph schematically showing the required power 331 that system 100 must secure during the service period. The required power 331 is calculated by subtracting the estimated power 311 from the target power 302. In Figure 5, the vertical axis represents the power difference. When the required power is less than 0, as in the required power 331 in Figure 5, it indicates that it may be necessary to reduce power consumption in response to a decreasing demand. When the required power is greater than 0, it indicates that it may be necessary to increase power consumption in response to an increasing demand.

[0046] The control unit 240 can supply the amount of electricity agreed upon in the electricity market to the power network 90 during the service period by adjusting the future charge and discharge plan of the battery 12 so as to be able to provide the required power 331.

[0047] When the control unit 240 receives a downward demand issued by the server 180 during a period when the required power is less than zero, it responds to the downward demand by performing either a first control, which reduces the power consumed to charge the battery 12, or a second control, which reduces the overall power consumption by discharging the battery 12 and supplying power to the outside of the vehicle 10. When the control unit 240 receives an upward demand issued by the server 180 during a period when the required power is greater than zero, it responds to the upward demand by performing either a third control, which increases the power consumed to charge the battery 12, or a fourth control, which increases the overall power consumption by reducing the power supplied to the outside of the vehicle 10 by discharging the battery 12.

[0048] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a method for calculating the power resources that vehicle 10 can provide. Here, we illustrate a case where there is time required to charge the battery 12a between the end of the provision period and the predicted departure time of vehicle 10a. Figures 6 to 12 mainly describe the case where the battery 12 of vehicle 10 provides power resources to the power network 90.

[0049] Line 601 in Graph 600 shows the time change of SOC of battery 12a of vehicle 10a based on the charge / discharge plan. Line 602 in Graph 600 shows an example of the time change of SOC of battery 12a when the charge / discharge plan is modified to provide power resources within the supply period.

[0050] The first control, which prevents charging of battery 12a, can be performed throughout the entire time period from time t1 to t4. Similarly, the second control, which discharges battery 12a to supply power to the outside of vehicle 10, can be performed at any point during the time period from time t1 to t4, provided that the SOC does not become excessively low. For example, if the first control is performed throughout the entire time period from time t1 to t4, and the second control is performed between time t1 and t2, the SOC change will be as shown by line 602. To address the case shown in Figure 5, where the downward demand is particularly large during the time period from time t2 to time t3, the second control may be performed between t2 and t3 (illustration omitted). Subsequently, by starting to charge battery 12a from time t4, it becomes possible to charge battery 12a until its SOC reaches the target SOC1 by the predicted departure time t5 of vehicle 10a.

[0051] Graph 610 shows the power that can be supplied from battery 12a during each time period. As described above, the reduction in the charge level of battery 12a by the first control can be performed throughout the entire time period from time t1 to t4. The second control can be performed at any time period from time t1 to t4, but as is clear from line 602 in this example, there is only one time period during which it can be performed. When represented by rectangular frames in graph 610, all three frames can be selected for the first control, and one of the three frames can be selected for the second control. The time period corresponding to this frame can supply power to meet the reduced demand.

[0052] Graph 620 shows the amount of power available from battery 12a. As mentioned above, the first control can be executed throughout the entire time period from time t1 to t4, and can therefore be represented as three power resource slots. In this example, the second control is represented as one power resource slot.

[0053] Graph 660 shows the power that can be supplied from station 30a during each time period. Graph 670 shows the amount of power that can be supplied from station 30a. Since only one vehicle 10a can be connected to station 30a, graph 660 is the same as graph 610, and graph 670 is the same as graph 620.

[0054] Figure 7 illustrates another example of how vehicle 10 can calculate the available power resources. Here, it is predicted that vehicle 10b will depart from station 30b at time t3 during the service period, and that vehicle 10c will enter station 30b at time t2 during the service period.

[0055] Line 701 in Graph 700 shows the time change of the State of Charge (SOC) of battery 12b of vehicle 10b based on the charge-discharge plan. Line 702 in Graph 700 shows the time change of the SOC of battery 12b when the charge-discharge plan is modified to provide power resources within the supply period. Here, the charge-discharge plan is to start charging battery 12b before time t1.

[0056] In contrast, as shown by line 702, charging of battery 12b is started from time t1, and the third control is performed between time t2 and time t3 to charge battery 12b. This allows the amount of charge to be increased between time t2 and t3. This makes it possible to provide power from battery 12b in response to rising demand.

[0057] Graph 710 shows the power that can be supplied from battery 12b during each time period. As described above, by performing the third control between time t2 and t3, it becomes possible to supply power in response to rising demand. Therefore, as shown in Graph 710, by performing the third control, it becomes possible to supply a certain amount of power to respond to rising demand.

[0058] Graph 720 shows the amount of power that can be supplied from battery 12b. As described above, by performing the third control between time t2 and t3, a certain amount of power can be supplied from battery 12b to respond to the rising demand.

[0059] Line 731 in Graph 730 shows the time change of SOC of battery 12c of vehicle 10c based on the charge / discharge plan. Line 732 in Graph 730 shows the time change of SOC of battery 12c when the charge / discharge plan is modified to provide power resources within the supply period. Here, the charge / discharge plan is scheduled to start charging battery 12b from the time vehicle 10c enters the depot t2.

[0060] In response to this, as shown by line 732, a first control is performed between time t2 and t3 to prevent charging of battery 12c, and a second control is performed to discharge battery 12c and supply power to the outside of vehicle 10, thereby enabling battery 12c to provide power in response to the declining demand between time t2 and t3. Subsequently, by performing the first control again between time t3 and t4 to prevent charging of battery 12c, it becomes possible to provide power in response to the declining demand between time t3 and t4. Subsequently, by starting charging of battery 12c from time t4, the battery 12c of vehicle 10c is rapidly charged until its SOC reaches the target SOC1.

[0061] Graph 740 shows the power that can be supplied from battery 12c during each time period. As described above, by performing the second control between time t2 and t3, it is possible to supply power that responds to the decreasing demand. Similarly, the second control may be performed between time t3 and t4. In this way, the second control can be performed at any point during a certain period between time t2 and t4. Graph 740 illustrates an example of a time period in which the second control can be performed. Furthermore, as described above, by reducing the charge amount of battery 12c by the first control between time t2 and t4, it becomes possible to supply power that responds to the decreasing demand compared to the charge / discharge plan represented by line 731.

[0062] Graph 750 shows the amount of power that can be supplied from battery 12c. As described above, by performing the second control during a certain period between time t2 and t4, a certain amount of power can be supplied to respond to the decreasing demand. Furthermore, as described above, by performing the first control between time t2 and t4, it is possible to supply the amount of power to respond to the decreasing demand, as shown in Graph 750. As shown in Graph 750, the amount of power that can be supplied by performing the first control is the sum of the charging power reduced between time t2 and t4.

[0063] Graph 760 shows the amount of electricity that can be supplied from station 30b during each time period. Graph 770 shows the amount of electricity that can be supplied from station 30b. Graph 760 is the sum of graphs 710 and 740. Graph 770 is the sum of graphs 720 and 750.

[0064] Figure 8 illustrates another example of how vehicle 10 can calculate its available power resources. Here, it is assumed that vehicle 10d's battery 12d will not be charged or discharged during the service period, and that timer charging of battery 12d is scheduled to occur between times t5 and t6. Vehicle 10e is scheduled to supply power to facility 44 between times t2 and t4.

[0065] Line 801 in Graph 800 shows the time change of SOC of battery 12d of vehicle 10d based on the charge / discharge plan. Line 802 in Graph 800 shows the time change of SOC of battery 12d when the charge / discharge plan is modified to provide power resources for the first request within the supply period. Line 803 in Graph 800 shows the time change of SOC of battery 12d when the charge / discharge plan is modified to provide power resources for the second request within the supply period.

[0066] As shown by line 802, charging of battery 12d is started before time t1, the battery 12d is discharged by performing a second control between time t1 and t3, no charging or discharging of battery 12d is performed between time t3 and t4, and charging of battery 12d is started from time t4 when the supply period ends. This makes it possible to increase the amount of power supplied from battery 12d to the outside of vehicle 10d between time t1 and t3. This makes it possible to supply power from battery 12d in response to a decrease in demand.

[0067] As shown by line 803, the discharge of battery 12d is started before time t1, and a third control is performed between time t1 and t4 to charge battery 12d until its SOC reaches the target SOC1. This allows the amount of charge in battery 12d to be increased between time t1 and t4. This makes it possible to provide power from battery 12d in response to rising demand.

[0068] Graph 810 shows the power that can be supplied from battery 12d during each time period. As described above, if the control shown by line 802 is performed, power to respond to a decreasing demand can be supplied by performing a second control during the two-frame period from time t1 to t3. The second control can also be performed during the two-frame period from time t2 to t4. In this way, the second control can be performed during any two frames out of the three frames between time t1 and t4. Furthermore, if the control shown by line 803 is performed, power to respond to an increasing demand can be supplied by performing a third control between time t1 and t4. Therefore, as shown in graph 810, by performing the second control, a certain amount of power to respond to a decreasing demand can be supplied, and by performing the third control, power to respond to an increasing demand can be supplied.

[0069] Graph 820 shows the amount of power that can be supplied from battery 12d. As described above, by performing the second control within a certain period between time t1 and t4, the battery 12d can be supplied with the amount of power needed to respond to a decreasing demand. Furthermore, by performing the third control from time t1 to time t4, a certain amount of power can be supplied to respond to an increasing demand. As shown in Graph 820, the amount of power that can be supplied by performing the third control is the sum of the charging power between time t1 and t4. Also, the amount of power that can be supplied by performing the second control is the sum of the power supplied during the certain period between time t1 and t4 when the second control is performed.

[0070] Line 831 in Graph 830 shows the time variation of the State of Charge (SOC) of battery 12e of vehicle 10e based on the charge-discharge plan. As shown in line 831, battery 12e is scheduled to be discharged between time t2 and t4 to supply power to facility 44. Line 832 in Graph 830 shows the time variation of the SOC of battery 12c when the charge-discharge plan is modified to provide power resources within the supply period. Line 833 in Graph 800 shows the time variation of the SOC of battery 12e when the charge-discharge plan is modified in a different manner to provide power resources within the supply period.

[0071] As shown by line 832, the battery 12e is discharged before time t1, and then charged by performing a third control between time t1 and t2. This increases the amount of charge between time t1 and t2. This makes it possible to provide power from the battery 12e to respond to the rising demand. In addition, by performing a fourth control between time t2 and t4 to prevent power from being supplied to facility 44, it becomes possible to provide power from the battery 12e to respond to the rising demand.

[0072] As another form of control, as shown by line 833, the amount of power supplied from battery 12e can be increased by performing a second control between time t1 and t2, which involves discharging battery 12e from time t1 to t4. This makes it possible to provide power from battery 12e in response to a decrease in demand.

[0073] Graph 840 shows the power that can be supplied from battery 12e at each time interval. As described above, by performing the third control between time t1 and t2, it is possible to supply power to respond to the rising demand. Similarly, the third control can also be performed between time t2 and t3 or between time t3 and t4. Therefore, the third control can be performed at any point during a certain period between time t1 and t4. Thus, as shown in Graph 840, by performing the third control, it becomes possible to supply a certain amount of power to respond to the rising demand between time t1 and t4. Furthermore, as described above, by reducing the amount of power supplied from battery 12e by the fourth control between time t2 and t4, it becomes possible to supply power to respond to the rising demand compared to the charge / discharge plan represented by line 831.

[0074] Graph 850 shows the amount of power that can be supplied from battery 12e. As described above, by performing the third control during a certain period between time t1 and t4, a certain amount of power can be supplied to respond to the rising demand. Furthermore, as described above, by performing the fourth control between time t2 and t4, it becomes possible to supply the amount of power to respond to the rising demand, as shown in Graph 850. As shown in Graph 850, the amount of power that can be supplied by performing the fourth control is the sum of the charging power reduced between time t2 and t4. Furthermore, as described above, by performing the second control between time t1 and t2, it becomes possible to supply the amount of power to respond to the falling demand.

[0075] Graph 860 shows the amount of electricity that can be supplied from Station 30c during each time period. Graph 870 shows the amount of electricity that can be supplied from Station 30c. Graph 860 is the sum of Graphs 810 and 840. Graph 870 is the sum of Graphs 820 and 850.

[0076] The estimation unit 220 may estimate the time when vehicle 10 leaves station 30 and the time when vehicle 10 enters station 30 based on the vehicle 10's past driving history and the action plan entered by the user. The estimation unit 220 may estimate the State of Charge (SOC) of battery 12 when vehicle 10 enters station 30 and the State of Charge (SOC) of battery 12 when vehicle 10 leaves station 30 based on the battery 12's past charge / discharge history and the vehicle 10's driving history. The estimation unit 220 may estimate the power and energy that each of the batteries 12 can provide, provided that the SOC of battery 12 can reach the target SOC when vehicle 10 leaves station 30.

[0077] The acquisition unit 210 may acquire preference information indicating whether the user of the vehicle 10 wishes for the battery 12 to provide power in response to a demand. The estimation unit 220 may estimate the power and amount of energy that the battery 12 can provide based on the preference information. For example, the estimation unit 220 may exclude batteries 12 of the vehicle 10 associated with users who do not wish for the battery 12 to provide power in response to a demand from the batteries 12 that will respond to the demand.

[0078] The acquisition unit 210 may acquire specification information for the battery 12 and the station 30. The specification information may include information indicating the power that the battery 12 can charge and discharge, information indicating whether or not it is possible to discharge from the battery 12 to the vehicle 10, information indicating the power that the station 30 can charge and discharge, and information indicating whether or not it is possible for the station 30 to supply power from the battery 12 to the power network 90. ​​Based on the specification information, the estimation unit 220 may estimate the power and amount of energy that the battery 12 can provide within the specifications of the battery 12 and the station 30.

[0079] The acquisition unit 210 may acquire status information of the battery 12. The status information may include information indicating the degree of degradation of the battery 12, the capacity of the battery 12, and the temperature dependence of the output power. The estimation unit 220 may estimate the power and energy that the battery 12 can provide based on the status information of the battery 12. For example, the estimation unit 220 may prioritize selecting batteries 12 with a lower degree of degradation as batteries 12 that can respond to demand. The estimation unit 220 may exclude batteries 12 with a degree of degradation lower than a predetermined value from being selected as batteries 12 that will respond to demand.

[0080] The estimation unit 220 may set upper and lower limits on the State of Charge (SOC) of the battery 12 and on the charge / discharge amount to estimate the power and energy that the battery 12 can provide in order to suppress the progression of degradation of the battery 12 and the station 30 that may occur by responding to demand. The estimation unit 220 may decide whether or not to make the battery 12 of the vehicle 10 respond to demand, taking into consideration the financial benefits for the user of the vehicle 10, based on the electricity charges that may be incurred by charging the battery 12 and the rewards that the user associated with the vehicle 10 can receive by responding to demand. For example, the estimation unit 220 may decide not to make the battery 12 respond to demand if the electricity charges are higher than the rewards.

[0081] Figure 9 schematically shows the total power and total energy available from all 30 stations. Graph 960 shows the total power available from all 30 stations during each time period. Graph 970 shows the total energy available from all 30 stations. Graph 960 is the sum of Graphs 660, 760, and 860. Graph 970 is the sum of Graphs 670, 870, and 870.

[0082] The amount of power that the system 100 needs to have available for each time period to respond to demand during the service period is shown as the required power 331 in Figure 5. As shown in Figure 9, the allocation unit 230 allocates the total available power shown in Figure 9 to the required power 331 so that the required power 331 can be provided. Specifically, the allocation unit 230 allocates which station 30 and which battery 12 will provide the required power 331.

[0083] In relation to Figures 10 to 12, the control for allocating available power and energy to station 30 and battery 12 in response to demand will be explained. In the example of required power 331 in Figure 5, there is no need to respond to rising demand, so only falling demand will be considered in the explanation of Figures 10 to 12.

[0084] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the control for allocating available power and energy to station 30a and battery 12a in response to demand. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the control for allocating available power and energy to station 30b and batteries 12b and 12c in response to demand. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the control for allocating available power and energy to station 30c and batteries 12d and 12e in response to demand.

[0085] The allocation unit 230 allocates which of stations 30a, 30b, and 30c will provide the power needed to supply the required power. In order to suppress the degradation of the battery and charging equipment, the allocation unit 230 prioritizes the reduction in charge by the first control and the reduction in power supply by the fourth control over the increase in power supply by the second control and the increase in charge by the third control. Furthermore, the allocation unit 230 allocates which of stations 30 will provide the power needed to supply the required power 331 so that the amount of power that each station 30 can provide is 80% or less. The allocation unit 230 allocates the power that each battery 12 will provide for each time period so that the time variation of the charging power and the power supply power is smaller than a predetermined value.

[0086] The allocation unit 230 may allocate which station 30 and battery 12 will provide the required power, starting from the time period in which the ratio of available power to required power 331 is small. For example, as shown in Figure 9, approximately 1.67 times the required power 331 can be provided during the time period from t2 to t3, twice the required power 331 can be provided during the time period from t1 to t2, and 2.5 times the required power 331 can be provided during the time period from t3 to t4. In this case, the allocation unit 230 may first allocate which station 30 and battery 12 will provide the required power during the time period from t2 to t3, then which station 30 and battery 12 will provide the required power during the time period from t1 to t2, and finally, which station 30 and battery 12 will provide the required power during the time period from t3 to t4. The allocation unit 230 may prioritize assigning stations 30 and batteries 12 with larger supply capacities as stations 30 and batteries 12 to be supplied with the necessary power.

[0087] As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the allocation unit 230 prioritizes all power available from station 30a and all power available from station 30b through the first control. Specifically, it prioritizes all power available from battery 12a and all power available from battery 12c through the first control. Next, the allocation unit 230 allocates a portion of the power available from station 30c through the second control. Specifically, it allocates a portion of the power available from battery 12d and a portion of the power available from battery 12e through the second control. This allows the allocation unit 230 to prioritize allocating power available through the first control while ensuring that the total amount of power allocated from stations 30a, 30b, and 30c is 80% or less.

[0088] In relation to Figures 6 to 12, the explanation primarily focused on the case where a battery 12 mounted on vehicle 10 provides power resources to the power network 90. ​​However, even when batteries for vehicle 20, including batteries 12f and 12g, provide power resources to the power network 90, the same processing as that described for battery 12 in relation to Figures 6 to 12 can be performed. For example, based on the past charge and discharge history of battery 12 for vehicle 20 performed at station 30d, the State of Charge (SOC) of battery 12 for vehicle 20 when it is returned to station 30d, and the replacement history of battery 12 for vehicle 20 at station 30d, the amount of power that battery 12 for vehicle 20 can provide to the power network 90 can be estimated, and the battery for vehicle 20 can be assigned to provide power to the power network 90 using one of the first, second, third, or fourth control methods.

[0089] Figure 13 shows an example of the time variation of power consumption due to the control of station 30. In Figure 13, the service period is from time t3 to t5.

[0090] At time t1, the allocation unit 230 allocates which station 30 and battery 12 will provide the necessary power during the provision period. The allocation unit 230 may make the allocation at a predetermined time before the start time of the provision period. The allocation unit 230 may make the allocation at a predetermined time before the start time of the provision period on a day that includes the provision period.

[0091] At time t2 prior to the start of the service period, the control unit 240 pre-controls the charging and discharging of the battery 12 so that it can provide the necessary power during the service period. For example, if the control unit 240 anticipates that power consumption may be reduced in response to a decrease in demand during the service period, it will pre-charge the battery 12. Control to charge the battery 12 before the start of the service period, as shown by line 802 in Figure 8, is included in the pre-control.

[0092] The control unit 240 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 12 by controlling the station 30 according to the demand during the service period. At this time, the control unit 240 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 12 according to the result of the allocation performed by the allocation unit 230. If power consumption increases as a result of unexpected vehicle entry and exit at time t4, the control unit 240 selects a battery 12 that can provide the power corresponding to the increased power consumption from among the batteries 12 that have not been allocated by the allocation unit 230 to provide the necessary power, and causes the selected battery 12 to provide the power corresponding to the increased power consumption by performing first control or second control.

[0093] When the supply period ends at time t5, the control unit 240 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 12 to recover the necessary power supplied from the battery 12 during the supply period. For example, if the control unit 240 reduced power consumption in accordance with the reduced demand during the supply period, it will charge the battery 12 after the supply period. For example, the control unit 240 will charge the battery 12 before the start time of the supply period, as shown by line 802 in Figure 8. Control to charge the battery 12 after the supply period, as shown by line 602 in Figure 6, is included in post-control. At this time, it is desirable for the control unit 240 to control the charging and discharging of the battery 12 so that the time change in power consumption after the supply period is less than a predetermined value.

[0094] Figure 14 is a flowchart showing the steps of the process performed by system 100. In S1402, the estimation unit 220 determines the bid amount for the power market. For example, the estimation unit 220 estimates the available power and energy using a predictive model for estimating the available power and energy in response to demand, and determines the bid amount based on the estimated power and energy. The predictive model may be a model generated in advance based on the past charge and discharge history of battery 12. For example, the predictive model may be a model generated by machine learning using the available power and energy for each time period calculated based on the past charge and discharge history of battery 12. The predictive model may be a model that takes time information as input and outputs estimated values ​​of the available power and energy for the time period indicated by the input time information. The input to the predictive model may include one of the following: day of the week information, weekday and holiday distinction information, seasonal information, and time period information. The input to the predictive model may further include at least one of temperature information and weather information.

[0095] In S1404, the estimation unit 220 estimates the required power. For example, as explained in relation to Figure 3, the estimation unit 220 may calculate the target power based on the power agreed upon in the electricity market and estimate the required power from the difference between the target power and the estimated power.

[0096] In S1406, the power that the station 30 and battery 12 can provide is estimated. For example, the estimation unit 220 estimates the power and energy that the station 30 and battery 12 can provide by the first control, the power and energy that can be provided by the second control, the power and energy that can be provided by the third control, and the power and energy that can be provided by the fourth control, respectively, using the method described in relation to Figures 6 to 8.

[0097] In S1408, the allocation unit 230 allocates the stations 30 and batteries 12 that provide the necessary power. For example, the allocation unit 230 allocates the stations 30 and batteries 12 that provide the necessary power using the method described in relation to Figures 9 to 12. In S1410, the control unit 240 controls the charging and discharging of the batteries 12 based on the allocation result and demand in S1408.

[0098] As explained above, the system 100 can accurately estimate the power and energy that each battery 12 can provide by considering the utilization forecast of the vehicle 10 and the battery 12. Furthermore, the system 100 can allocate batteries 12 to provide power according to demand based on the power and energy that each battery 12 can provide, and can also allocate the power and energy that each battery 12 should provide for each time period. Conventionally, it is not easy to predict in advance the amount of power that can be provided from batteries mounted on mobile vehicles because there may be irregular periods when they are disconnected from the power network 90. ​​For this reason, it was necessary to keep more batteries on hand as spares in order to use them for adjusting the power supply and demand of the power network 90. ​​In contrast, the control of the system 100 described above makes it possible to provide more power to the power network 90 using fewer batteries 12.

[0099] Figure 15 shows an example of a computer 2000 in which multiple embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in whole or in part. A program installed on the computer 2000 can cause the computer 2000 to function as a system or parts of a system according to an embodiment, or as a device such as various control devices or parts of such devices, to perform operations associated with the system or parts of a system or such devices or parts of such devices, and / or to perform a process or a stage of such process according to an embodiment. Such a program may be executed by the CPU 2012 to cause the computer 2000 to perform specific operations associated with some or all of the processing procedures and blocks of the block diagram described herein.

[0100] The computer 2000 according to this embodiment includes a CPU 2012 and RAM 2014, which are interconnected by a host controller 2010. The computer 2000 also includes a ROM 2026, flash memory 2024, communication interface 2022, and input / output chip 2040. The ROM 2026, flash memory 2024, communication interface 2022, and input / output chip 2040 are connected to the host controller 2010 via an input / output controller 2020.

[0101] CPU2012 operates according to the programs stored in ROM2026 and RAM2014, thereby controlling each unit.

[0102] The communication interface 2022 communicates with other electronic devices via a network. The flash memory 2024 stores programs and data used by the CPU 2012 in the computer 2000. The ROM 2026 stores boot programs and / or hardware-dependent programs of the computer 2000, such as those executed by the computer 2000 upon activation. The input / output chip 2040 may also connect various input / output units, such as keyboards, mice, and monitors, to the input / output controller 2020 via input / output ports such as serial ports, parallel ports, keyboard ports, mouse ports, monitor ports, USB ports, and HDMI® ports.

[0103] The program is provided via a computer-readable storage medium such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or memory card, or via a network. RAM2014, ROM2026, or flash memory 2024 are examples of computer-readable storage media. The program is installed in flash memory 2024, RAM2014, or ROM2026 and executed by CPU2012. The information processing described within these programs is read by computer 2000, resulting in coordination between the program and the various types of hardware resources described above. The apparatus or method may be configured to realize the operation or processing of information in accordance with the use of computer 2000.

[0104] For example, when communication is performed between computer 2000 and an external device, CPU 2012 may execute a communication program loaded into RAM 2014 and, based on the processing described in the communication program, instruct the communication interface 2022 to perform communication processing. Under the control of CPU 2012, the communication interface 2022 reads the transmission data stored in the transmit buffer processing area provided in the recording medium such as RAM 2014 and flash memory 2024, sends the read transmission data to the network, and writes the received data received from the network to the receive buffer processing area provided on the recording medium.

[0105] Furthermore, CPU2012 may read all or necessary parts of a file or database stored on a recording medium such as flash memory 2024 into RAM2014, and perform various types of processing on the data in RAM2014. CPU2012 then writes the processed data back to the recording medium.

[0106] Various types of information, such as various types of programs, data, tables, and databases, may be stored on the recording medium and subjected to information processing. The CPU2012 may perform various types of processing on the data read from RAM2014, including various types of operations, information processing, conditional judgments, conditional branching, unconditional branching, information retrieval / replacement, etc., as described herein and specified by the program's instruction sequence, and write the results back to RAM2014. The CPU2012 may also retrieve information in files, databases, etc., within the recording medium. For example, if multiple entries are stored in the recording medium, each having an attribute value of a first attribute associated with an attribute value of a second attribute, the CPU2012 may search among the multiple entries for an entry that matches the condition where the attribute value of the first attribute is specified, read the attribute value of the second attribute stored in that entry, and thereby obtain the attribute value of the second attribute associated with the first attribute that satisfies the predetermined condition.

[0107] The programs or software modules described above may be stored on or near computer-readable storage media on computer 2000. Recording media such as hard disks or RAM provided within a server system connected to a dedicated communication network or the Internet can be used as computer-readable storage media. Programs stored on computer-readable storage media may be provided to computer 2000 via the network.

[0108] A program installed on computer 2000, which causes computer 2000 to function as system 100, may interact with CPU 2012, etc., to cause computer 2000 to function as each part of system 100. The information processing described in these programs is read by computer 2000 and functions as each part of system 100, which is a concrete means of cooperation between software and the various hardware resources described above. Then, by realizing the calculation or processing of information according to the purpose of use of computer 2000 in this embodiment, a unique system 100 according to the purpose of use is constructed.

[0109] Various embodiments have been described with reference to block diagrams, etc. In a block diagram, each block may represent (1) a stage in a process in which an operation is performed, or (2) a part of a device that has the role of performing an operation. A particular stage and part may be implemented by a dedicated circuit, a programmable circuit supplied with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable storage medium, and / or a processor supplied with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable storage medium. The dedicated circuit may include digital and / or analog hardware circuits, and may include integrated circuits (ICs) and / or discrete circuits. The programmable circuit may include reconfigurable hardware circuits, including logic AND, logic OR, logic XOR, logic NAND, logic NOR, and other logic operations, flip-flops, registers, memory elements such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic arrays (PLAs), etc.

[0110] A computer-readable storage medium may include any tangible device capable of storing instructions that are executed by a suitable device, and as a result, a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein constitutes at least part of a product containing instructions that can be executed to provide a means for performing an operation specified in a processing procedure or block diagram. Examples of computer-readable storage media may include electronic storage media, magnetic storage media, optical storage media, electromagnetic storage media, semiconductor storage media, etc. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include floppy disks, diskettes, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), static random access memory (SRAM), compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multipurpose disc (DVD), Blu-ray (RTM) disc, memory stick, integrated circuit card, etc.

[0111] Computer-readable instructions may include assembler instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk®, Java®, C++, and traditional procedural programming languages ​​such as the C programming language or similar programming languages.

[0112] Computer-readable instructions may be provided locally or via a wide area network (WAN), such as a local area network (LAN) or the internet, to a processor or programmable circuit of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, and may be executed to provide a means for performing the described processing procedure or the operation specified in the block diagram. Examples of processors include computer processors, processing units, microprocessors, digital signal processors, controllers, microcontrollers, and the like.

[0113] Although the present invention has been described above using embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or improvements can be made to the above embodiments. It will be clear from the claims that such modified or improved forms may also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0114] It should be noted that the execution order of operations, procedures, steps, and stages in the devices, systems, programs, and methods shown in the claims, specifications, and drawings is not explicitly stated as "before," "prior to," etc., and can be implemented in any order unless the output of a previous process is used in a later process. Even if the operation flow in the claims, specifications, and drawings is described using phrases such as "first," "next," etc. for convenience, it does not mean that it is essential to perform the operations in that order. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0115] 5 Power Systems 10 vehicles 20 vehicles 42 Private residences 44 facilities 12 batteries 30 stations 70 Electricity consumers 80 Power generation equipment 90 Power Network 180 servers 190 Communication Networks 200 Processing Units 210 Acquisition Department 220 Estimation section 230 Allocation Section 240 Control Unit 280 Storage section 290 Communication equipment 301 Predicted Power 302 Target power 311 Estimated Power 331 Required power 100 Systems 2000 Computer 2010 Host Controller 2012 CPU 2014 RAM 2020 Input / Output Controller 2022 Communication Interface 2024 Flash Memory 2026 ROM 2040 Input / Output Chip

Claims

1. A system for controlling the charging of a plurality of movable batteries and the supply of power from the plurality of movable batteries to an external source, A control unit that provides power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a first request that requests a reduction in power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a second request that requests an increase in power consumption, An allocation unit that, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of movable batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, allocates whether each of the plurality of movable batteries will provide power resources to the power network by the first control, second control, third control, or fourth control in each of the plurality of time periods in the future, An estimation unit that estimates the amount of power resources that each of the multiple mobile batteries can provide to the power network by the first control, second control, third control, and fourth control, respectively, in each of the multiple time periods in the future, based on the predicted usage of the multiple mobile batteries. A system equipped with these features.

2. The estimation unit estimates the power resources that need to be provided to the power network in each of the multiple time periods in the future, based on the target values ​​of power consumption by the multiple mobile batteries for each time period in the future and the prediction of the charge and discharge amounts of the multiple mobile batteries in the future. The system according to claim 1.

3. The allocation unit allocates the amount of power resources that each of the multiple mobile batteries will provide to the power network in each of the multiple time periods in the future, according to one of the first, second, third, and fourth controls. The system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A system for controlling the charging of a plurality of movable batteries and the supply of power from the plurality of movable batteries to an external source, A control unit that provides power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a first request that requests a reduction in power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a second request that requests an increase in power consumption, An allocation unit that, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, allocates whether each of the plurality of mobile batteries will provide power resources to the power network by the first control, second control, third control, or fourth control in each of the plurality of time periods in the future. Equipped with, When the allocation unit assigns whether or not each of the plurality of movable batteries provides power resources to the power network, it assigns the first control with priority over the second control, and the fourth control with priority over the third control. system.

5. A system for controlling the charging of a plurality of movable batteries and the supply of power from the plurality of movable batteries to an external source, A control unit that provides power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a first request that requests a reduction in power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a second request that requests an increase in power consumption, An allocation unit that, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, allocates whether each of the plurality of mobile batteries will provide power resources to the power network by the first control, second control, third control, or fourth control in each of the plurality of time periods in the future. Equipped with, The allocation unit allocates which of the first, second, third, and fourth controls each of the multiple movable batteries will use to provide power resources to the power network in each of several time periods in the future, so that the change in the charging or discharging power of the multiple movable batteries is less than or equal to a predetermined value. system.

6. The allocation unit, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, allocates whether each of the plurality of mobile batteries should provide power resources to the power network by the first control, second control, third control, or fourth control during each of the multiple time periods within the period during which power resources agreed upon in the power market should be provided to the power network. The control unit, in response to receiving the first request within the period during which the power resources should be provided to the power network, performs at least one of the first and second controls based on the amount of power resources that can be provided to the power network as estimated by the estimation unit, and in response to receiving the second request within the period during which the power resources should be provided to the power network, performs at least one of the third and fourth controls based on the amount of power resources that can be provided to the power network as estimated by the estimation unit. The system according to claim 1.

7. The aforementioned plurality of movable batteries include batteries mounted on a vehicle. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The aforementioned plurality of movable batteries include batteries mounted on the vehicle and replaceable at multiple stations. The system according to claim 7.

9. A program for causing a computer to function as the system described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A control unit of the system provides power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to a plurality of movable batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a first request that requests to reduce power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a second request that requests to increase power consumption. The allocation unit of the system includes the step of allocating, based on the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, how each of the plurality of mobile batteries will provide power resources to the power network in each of the plurality of time periods in the future, by which of the first control, second control, third control, and fourth control; The estimation unit of the system estimates, based on the predicted usage of the plurality of movable batteries, the amount of power resources that each of the plurality of movable batteries can provide to the power network through the first control, second control, third control, and fourth control, respectively, in each of the plurality of future time periods. A method for providing this.

11. A control unit of the system provides power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to a plurality of movable batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a first request that requests to reduce power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a second request that requests to increase power consumption. The allocation unit of the system performs an allocation step in which it allocates, based on the amount of power resources that each of the multiple mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, whether each of the multiple mobile batteries will provide power resources to the power network by the first control, second control, third control, or fourth control in each of the multiple time periods in the future. Equipped with, The allocation step, when allocating whether or not each of the plurality of mobile batteries provides power resources to the power network, allocates the first control with priority over the second control, and the fourth control with priority over the third control. method.

12. A control unit of the system provides power resources to a power network by performing at least one of a first control that reduces the amount of charge to a plurality of movable batteries and a second control that increases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a first request that requests to reduce power consumption, and by performing at least one of a third control that increases the amount of charge to the plurality of movable batteries and a fourth control that decreases the amount of power supplied from the plurality of movable batteries to the outside in response to a second request that requests to increase power consumption. The allocation unit of the system performs an allocation step in which it allocates, based on the amount of power resources that each of the multiple mobile batteries can provide to the power network and the amount of power resources that need to be provided to the power network, whether each of the multiple mobile batteries will provide power resources to the power network by the first control, second control, third control, or fourth control in each of the multiple time periods in the future. Equipped with, The allocation step involves allocating whether each of the multiple mobile batteries will provide power resources to the power network by the first, second, third, or fourth control in each of several future time periods, so that the change in the charging or discharging power of the multiple mobile batteries is less than or equal to a predetermined value. method.

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