Turning tools and workpiece machining methods

Abstract

To fit a shank to a tool fitting part of a lathe so that a direction, in which a tip of a chip extends, faces a target direction.SOLUTION: A lathe tool comprises a shank, and a chip fitted to the shank. The chip has a linearly extending blade tip, and a fitted part fitted to the shank. The shank has: a chip fitting part to which the chip is fitted; and a work-piece facing surface that faces a work-piece side, which is one side in a direction different from a blade extension direction and which is a side on which the tip exists with respect to the fitted part, in the state that the chip is fitted to the chip fitting part. On the work-piece facing surface, a reference plane, which is parallel to the tip linearly extending in the blade extension direction in the state that the chip is fitted to the chip fitting part, is formed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a turning tool and a method for machining a workpiece using this turning tool.

Background Art

[0002] As a turning tool, for example, there is a turning tool described in Patent Document 1 below. This turning tool T includes a shank that can be attached to a tool mounting portion of a lathe, and a tip attached to this shank. A cutting edge is formed on the tip.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] There is a slight play between the shank and the tool mounting portion of the lathe. Therefore, in order to attach the shank to the tool mounting portion so that the direction in which the cutting edge of the tip attached to the shank extends faces the target direction, a high level of skill is required for the operator and the attachment time is long.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a turning tool that allows an operator with low skill level to attach the shank to the tool mounting portion of the lathe in a short time so that the direction in which the cutting edge of the tip extends faces the target direction, and a method for machining a workpiece using this turning tool.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] A turning tool according to one embodiment of the invention for achieving the above objective comprises a shank that can be attached to the tool mounting portion of a lathe, and a tip attached to the shank. The tip has a linearly extending cutting edge and a mounting portion formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction, and which is attached to the shank. The shank has a tip mounting portion to which the tip is attached, and a workpiece-facing surface that, when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion, faces the workpiece side, which is one side in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction and is the side on which the cutting edge is located relative to the mounting portion of the tip. The workpiece-facing surface has a reference surface formed parallel to the cutting edge that extends linearly in the cutting edge extension direction when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion. The reference surface has a first reference surface and a second reference surface that are spaced apart from each other in the direction in which the blade extends. The first reference surface and the second reference surface are located on a single virtual plane parallel to the cutting edge.

[0007] In this embodiment, the mounting angle of the turning tool relative to the tool mounting section of the lathe can be objectively adjusted by referring to the reference surface of the shank. Therefore, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can quickly mount the shank to the tool mounting section of the lathe so that the direction in which the cutting edge of the chip extends is oriented in the desired direction. Thus, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can improve the machining accuracy of the machined surface of the workpiece W.

[0008] A workpiece processing method according to one embodiment of the invention for achieving the above objective is: This is a method for machining a workpiece using a turning tool. The turning tool comprises a shank that can be attached to the tool mounting portion of a lathe, and a tip attached to the shank. The tip has a linearly extending cutting edge and a mounting portion formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction, and which is attached to the shank. The shank has a tip mounting portion to which the tip is attached, and a workpiece-facing surface that, when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion, faces the workpiece side, which is the side in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction and is the side on which the cutting edge is located relative to the mounting portion of the tip. The workpiece-facing surface has a reference surface formed parallel to the cutting edge that extends linearly in the cutting edge extension direction when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion. In the machining method for this workpiece,The process involves: a workpiece installation step of installing a workpiece in the workpiece mounting section of the lathe, which is rotatable about an axis; a tip mounting step of attaching the tip to the shank; a tool mounting step of mounting the turning tool to the tool mounting section of the lathe after the tip mounting step so that the blade extension direction coincides with the tool feed direction; and a turning step of driving the lathe after the workpiece installation step and the tool mounting step to move the turning tool in the tool feed direction while turning the workpiece with the turning tool. The tool mounting step includes a mounting angle adjustment step of adjusting the mounting angle of the turning tool with respect to the tool mounting section so that the trajectory of the cutting edge generated when the turning tool is moved in the tool feed direction is parallel to the reference plane of the turning tool. Another embodiment of the invention for achieving the above objective is a method for machining a workpiece using a turning tool. The turning tool comprises a shank that can be attached to the tool mounting portion of a lathe, and a tip attached to the shank. The tip has a linearly extending cutting edge and a mounting portion formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction, and attached to the shank. The shank has a tip mounting portion to which the tip is attached, a workpiece-facing surface facing the workpiece side, which is one side in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction and is the side on which the cutting edge is located relative to the mounting portion of the tip, when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion, and a reference surface parallel to the cutting edge that extends linearly in the cutting edge extension direction when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion. The reference surface is located in the workpiece-facing surface. The reference surface is visually distinguishable from the other surfaces in the workpiece-facing surface. The method for machining the workpiece includes: a workpiece installation step of installing the workpiece in the workpiece mounting section of the lathe, which is rotatable about an axis; a tip mounting step of attaching the tip to the shank; a tool mounting step of mounting the turning tool to the tool mounting section of the lathe after the tip mounting step so that the blade extension direction coincides with the tool feed direction; and a turning step of driving the lathe after the workpiece installation step and the tool mounting step to move the turning tool in the tool feed direction while turning the workpiece with the turning tool. The tool mounting step includes a mounting angle adjustment step of adjusting the mounting angle of the turning tool with respect to the tool mounting section so that the trajectory of the cutting edge generated when the turning tool is moved in the tool feed direction is parallel to the reference surface of the turning tool.

[0009] In the mounting angle adjustment process of this embodiment, the mounting angle of the turning tool relative to the tool mounting part of the lathe can be objectively adjusted by referring to the reference surface of the shank. Therefore, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can quickly mount the shank to the tool mounting part of the lathe so that the direction in which the cutting edge of the chip extends is oriented in the desired direction. Thus, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can improve the machining accuracy of the machined surface of the workpiece. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, even an inexperienced worker can quickly attach the shank to the tool mounting section of a lathe so that the cutting edge of the chip is facing the desired direction. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This is a front view of a turning tool in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] This is a view from arrow II in Figure 1. [Figure 3] This is a view from arrow III in Figure 1. [Figure 4]Front view of a chip in an embodiment according to the present disclosure. [Figure 5] It is a view in the direction of arrow V in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] It is a flowchart showing the procedure of a workpiece processing method in an embodiment according to the present disclosure. [Figure 7] It is a perspective view of a vertical lathe with a turning tool attached in an embodiment according to the present disclosure. [Figure 8] It is an explanatory drawing for explaining a dial gauge arrangement process and an attachment angle inspection process in an embodiment according to the present invention.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments of a turning tool according to the present disclosure and a workpiece processing method using this turning tool will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0013] 「Embodiment of Turning Tool」 The embodiment of the turning tool will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

[0014] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the turning tool T in the present embodiment includes a shank 20 that can be attached to a tool attachment portion of a lathe, a chip 10 attached to the shank 20, and a chip fixture 19 for attaching the chip 10 to the shank 20.

[0015] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the chip 10 has a cutting edge 17 extending linearly and a mounting portion 18 attached to the shank 20. Here, the direction in which the cutting edge 17 extends linearly is defined as the cutting-edge extending direction De. Also, of the two sides in this cutting-edge extending direction De, one side is the first cutting-edge extending side De1 and the other side is the second cutting-edge extending side De2. This chip 10 further has a rake face 11, a flank face 12, a first-side flank face 12a, a second-side flank face 12b, a first side face 13a, a second side face 13b, a back face 14, a mounting face 15, and a mounting screw hole 16. The rake face 11 and the mounting face 15 are in a back-to-back relationship. The flank face 12, the first-side flank face 12a, the second-side flank face 12b, the first side face 13a, the second side face 13b, and the back face 14 are all faces connecting the rake face 11 and the mounting face 15.

[0016] The flank face 12 extends in a direction different from that of the rake face 11. The portion where the flank face 12 and the rake face 11 intersect forms the cutting edge 17. The first-side flank face 12a is connected to the first cutting-edge extending side De1 of the flank face 12. This first-side flank face 12a extends in a direction different from that of the rake face 11 and also in a direction different from that of the flank face 12. The portion where the first-side flank face 12a and the rake face 11 intersect forms the first-side cutting edge 17a. This first-side cutting edge 17a extends in a direction forming an obtuse angle with respect to the cutting edge 17. The second-side flank face 12b is connected to the second cutting-edge extending side De2 of the flank face 12. This second-side flank face 12b extends in a direction different from that of the rake face 11 and also in a direction different from that of the flank face 12. The portion where the second-side flank face 12b and the rake face 11 intersect forms the second-side cutting edge 17b. This second-side cutting edge 17b extends in a direction forming an obtuse angle with respect to the cutting edge 17.

[0017] The first side surface 13a is connected to the edge of the first side De1 of the first side relief surface 12a. The second side surface 13b is connected to the edge of the second side De2 of the second side relief surface 12b. The back surface 14 is connected to the edge of the rake face 11 on the side opposite to the part where the cutting edge 17 is formed. The first side surface 13a is connected to the edge of the first side De1 of the back surface 14. The second side surface 13b is connected to the edge of the second side De2 of the back surface 14.

[0018] The mounting screw hole 16 penetrates the tip 10 from the rake face 11 to the mounting surface 15. A tip mounting screw (see Figure 1), which serves as a tip mounting fixture 19, is inserted through this mounting screw hole 16.

[0019] The mounting portion 18 is formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge 17 in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction De. More precisely, the mounting portion 18 is formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge 17 on the side where the back surface 14 exists relative to the cutting edge 17, in a direction perpendicular to the cutting edge extension direction De. Here, the side where the cutting edge 17 exists relative to the back surface 14 is called the workpiece side Dw, and the side where the back surface 14 exists relative to the cutting edge 17 is called the anti-workpiece side Daw. The mounting portion 18 has a portion anti-workpiece side Daw in the rake face 11, a first side surface 13a, a second side surface 13b, a portion anti-workpiece side Daw in the mounting surface 15, a back surface 14, and a mounting screw hole 16.

[0020] As shown in Figures 1-3, the shank 20 has a body portion 21 extending in a predetermined direction and a head portion 31 provided on one side of the body portion 21 in that predetermined direction. The head portion 31 has a tip mounting portion 32 and a shank-side rake face 38. The body portion 21 has a shank mounting portion 22 and a workpiece-facing surface 23.

[0021] The tip mounting portion 32 of the head portion 31 is a recessed area that is recessed from the shank-side rake face 38 of the head portion 31. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, this tip mounting portion 32 has a first side contact surface 33a that can contact the first side surface 13a of the tip 10, a second side contact surface 33b that can contact the second side surface 13b of the tip 10, a back contact surface 34 that can contact the back surface 14 of the tip 10, a mounting contact surface 35 that can contact the mounting surface 15 of the tip 10, and a female screw hole 36 into which a tip mounting screw, which serves as a tip mounting fixture 19, can be screwed in. The first side contact surface 33a, the second side contact surface 33b, and the back contact surface 34 form the sides of the recess. The mounting contact surface 35 forms the bottom surface of the recess. The female screw hole 36 is recessed from the mounting contact surface 35. When the tip 10 is fitted into the tip mounting portion 32, and each surface 33a, 33b, 34, 35 of the tip mounting portion 32 comes into contact with the corresponding surfaces 13a, 13b, 14, 15 of the tip 10, the orientation of the tip 10 relative to the shank 20 is set with high precision so as not to affect the machining accuracy of the workpiece W. The surfaces 33a, 33b, 34, 35 of the tip mounting portion 32 are formed with high precision. Furthermore, when the tip 10 is fitted into the tip mounting portion 32, and each surface 33a, 33b, 34, 35 of the tip mounting portion 32 comes into contact with the corresponding surfaces 13a, 13b, 14, 15 of the tip 10, the shank-side rake face 38 of the head portion 31 is formed to be flush with the rake face 11 of the tip 10.

[0022] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, when the tip 10 is attached to the tip mounting portion 32 of the shank 20, the predetermined direction in which the body portion 21 extends coincides with the cutting edge extension direction De. The body portion 21 is also provided on the second cutting edge extension side De2 of the head portion 31. The shank mounting portion 22 of the body portion 21 has a plurality of screw holes 22a. The shank 20 is attached to the tool mounting portion of the lathe by inserting the tool mounting screw 29 through the screw insertion hole of the tool mounting portion of the lathe and screwing it into the screw hole 22a of the shank mounting portion 22. The workpiece facing surface 23 of the body portion 21 is the surface facing the workpiece side Dw as described above when the tip 10 is attached to the tip mounting portion 32. This workpiece facing surface 23 extends in the predetermined direction described above, in other words, in the cutting edge extension direction De.

[0023] On the workpiece-facing surface 23, a reference surface 24 is formed parallel to the cutting edge 17, with the tip 10 attached to the tip mounting portion 32. This reference surface 24 has a first reference surface 24a and a second reference surface 24b that are spaced apart from each other in the cutting edge extension direction De. The first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b are located on a single virtual plane parallel to the cutting edge 17.

[0024] In this disclosure, the statement that the reference surface 24 is parallel to the cutting edge 17 includes not only cases where the reference surface 24 is perfectly parallel to the cutting edge 17, but also cases where the degree of parallelism of the reference surface 24 to the cutting edge 17 is less than or equal to the tolerance required for the straightness of the cutting edge 17 extending linearly in the cutting edge extension direction De. Straightness is the degree of deviation of a symmetric line from a geometrically correct straight line. Parallelism is the degree of deviation of a symmetric line or symmetric plane from a line or plane that is geometrically parallel to a reference line or plane. For example, if the tolerance required for the straightness of the cutting edge 17 is 5 / 1000 (mm), then in this disclosure, the reference surface 24 is considered parallel to the cutting edge 17 if the degree of parallelism of the reference surface 24 to the cutting edge 17 is less than or equal to this tolerance (5 / 1000 (mm)).

[0025] The reference surface 24 is formed in a way that makes it visually distinguishable from the other surfaces on the workpiece-facing surface 23. Specifically, in this embodiment, the reference surface 24 is slightly recessed from the other surfaces on the workpiece-facing surface 23.

[0026] Here, the length of the cutting edge 17 in the cutting edge extension direction De is defined as the cutting edge width Wt. The distance from the end of the first side De1 of the cutting edge extension to the end of the second side De2 of the cutting edge extension on the reference surface 24, in other words, the distance Ws1 from the end of the first side De1 of the cutting edge extension on the first reference surface 24a to the end of the second side De2 of the cutting edge extension on the second reference surface 24b, is 6 times or more the cutting edge width Wt. Also, the distance Ws2 between the first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b in the cutting edge extension direction De is 6 times or more the cutting edge width Wt.

[0027] "Embodiment of a Workpiece Machining Method" An embodiment of the workpiece machining method will be described with reference to Figures 6 to 8. In this workpiece machining method, the turning tool T described above is used.

[0028] As shown in the flowchart in Figure 6, in this machining method, first, the workpiece is placed in the workpiece placement section of the lathe (workpiece placement step S1).

[0029] Here, the lathe used in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 7. This lathe 40 is a vertical lathe. This lathe 40 comprises a first rail 41, a workpiece mounting section 42, a pair of columns 44, a second rail 45, a tool post 46, a ram 47, and a tool mounting section 48.

[0030] The first rail 41 is provided on the lathe mounting surface. This first rail 41 extends in the first horizontal direction Y. The workpiece mounting section 42 is provided on the first rail 41 so as to be movable in the first horizontal direction Y. The workpiece mounting section 42 has a rotary table 43 that is rotatable about a rotation axis Ar that extends in the vertical direction Z. The upper surface of the rotary table 43 is horizontally widened.

[0031] The pair of columns 44 are spaced apart from each other in a second horizontal direction X that is perpendicular to the first horizontal direction Y. The aforementioned first rail 41 and workpiece mounting section 42 are positioned between the pair of columns 44. The second rail 45 extends in the second horizontal direction X and is provided to span from one column 44 to the other of the pair of columns 44.

[0032] The tool post 46 is mounted on a second rail 45 so as to be movable in a second horizontal direction X. The ram 47 extends in the vertical direction Z. This ram 47 is mounted on the tool post 46 so as to be movable in the vertical direction Z. A tool mounting section 48 is provided at the lower end of the ram 47. As described above, the turning tool T is attached to this tool mounting section 48 by a tool mounting screw 29.

[0033] In the lathe 40 described above, the workpiece mounting section 42 is movable in the first horizontal direction Y. However, the pair of columns 44 may also be movable in the first horizontal direction Y.

[0034] In the workpiece installation process S1, the workpiece W is placed on the rotary table 43 of the workpiece installation section 42 via a fixing jig or the like. The workpiece W is, for example, a cylindrical turbine casing centered on the turbine axis. Within this turbine casing, the part to be machined by the lathe 40 is the flange surface at the end in the direction of the turbine axis, perpendicular to the turbine axis.

[0035] Next, the tip 10 is attached to the tip mounting portion 32 of the shank 20 (tip mounting process S2). In this tip mounting process S2, first, the tip 10 is fitted into the tip mounting portion 32, which is a recess in the shank 20, the back surface 14 of the tip 10 is brought into contact with the back contact surface 34 of the tip mounting portion 32, the first side surface 13a of the tip 10 is brought into contact with the first side contact surface 33a of the tip mounting portion 32, the second side surface 13b of the tip 10 is brought into contact with the second side contact surface 33b of the tip mounting portion 32, and the mounting surface 15 of the tip 10 is brought into contact with the mounting contact surface 35 of the tip mounting portion 32. As a result, the cutting edge 17 of the tip 10 and the reference surface 24 of the shank 20 become parallel, and the rake face 11 of the tip 10 becomes flush with the shank side rake face 38. Next, the tip mounting screw, which serves as the tip mounting fixture 19, is inserted through the mounting screw hole 16 of the tip 10, and this tip mounting screw is screwed into the female screw hole 36 of the shank 20. With these steps completed, the tip 10 is attached to the tip mounting portion 32 of the shank 20.

[0036] Next, the turning tool T is attached to the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40 (tool mounting step S3). This tool mounting step S3 includes a mounting angle adjustment step S4 to adjust the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40. The mounting angle adjustment step S4 includes an actual mounting step S5, a dial gauge placement step S6, and a mounting angle inspection step S7.

[0037] In the actual mounting process S5, the turning tool T is mounted to the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40 so that the cutting edge extension direction De of the chip 10 coincides with the tool feed direction Dft during machining of the workpiece W. At this time, the tool mounting screw 29 is inserted through the screw insertion hole of the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40, and this tool mounting screw 29 is screwed into the screw hole 22a of the shank mounting section 22, thereby mounting the turning tool T to the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40.

[0038] During the actual mounting process S5, the cutting edge extension direction De of the tip 10 on the turning tool T mounted on the tool mounting section 48 approximately coincides with the tool feed direction Dft. However, there is play between the turning tool T and the tool mounting section 48, between the turning tool T and the tool mounting screw 29, and between the tool mounting screw 29 and the tool mounting section 48. Therefore, the cutting edge extension direction De of the tip 10 on the turning tool T mounted on the tool mounting section 48 does not necessarily coincide precisely with the tool feed direction Dft. If the workpiece W is turned while the cutting edge extension direction De of the tip 10 does not precisely coincide with the tool feed direction Dft, the machining accuracy will decrease, for example, the flatness of the machined surface of the workpiece W will decrease.

[0039] Therefore, in this embodiment, after the actual mounting process S5, the dial gauge placement process S6 and the mounting angle inspection process S7 are performed.

[0040] In the dial gauge placement step S6, as shown in Figure 8, the dial gauge 50 is positioned so that the measuring probe 51 of the dial gauge 50 contacts the reference surface 24 of the shank 20. In this case, the dial gauge 50 may be placed directly on the workpiece W installed in the workpiece installation section 42 in the workpiece installation step S1, or a stand may be placed on the workpiece W and the dial gauge 50 placed on this stand. Furthermore, a stand may be placed in the workpiece installation section 42 and the dial gauge 50 placed on this stand. In other words, the dial gauge 50 can be positioned in any way as long as the measuring probe 51 of the dial gauge 50 can be brought into contact with the reference surface 24 of the shank 20.

[0041] In the mounting angle inspection process S7, the tool post 46 of the lathe 40 is moved along the first rail 41 to feed the turning tool T attached to the lathe 40 in the tool feed direction Dft, and the detected value by the dial gauge 50 at that time is read. At this time, the detected value when the measuring probe 51 of the dial gauge 50 is in contact with the first reference surface 24a and the detected value when the measuring probe 51 of the dial gauge 50 is in contact with the second reference surface 24b are read. Then, it is determined whether the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is within a predetermined tolerance. The tolerance here is the tolerance required for the straightness of the cutting edge 17 that extends linearly in the cutting edge extension direction De (for example, 5 / 1000 (mm)).

[0042] If the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is within the allowable range, the trajectory of the cutting edge 17 and the reference surface 24 of the turning tool T are treated as being parallel when the turning tool T is moved in the tool feed direction Dft. In other words, if the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is within the allowable range, the cutting edge extension direction De of the cutting edge 17 is treated as precisely coinciding with the tool feed direction Dft. On the other hand, if the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is not within the allowable range, the cutting edge extension direction De of the cutting edge 17 is treated as not precisely coinciding with the tool feed direction Dft.

[0043] Figure 8 is an extreme example illustrating a case where the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is not within the allowable range, and the cutting edge extension direction De of the cutting edge 17 does not coincide with the tool feed direction Dft.

[0044] In the mounting angle inspection step S7, if the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is not within the allowable range, the turning tool T is removed from the tool mounting section 48, and the actual mounting step S5 and the mounting angle inspection step S7 are executed again. In other words, the actual mounting step S5 and the mounting angle inspection step S7 are repeated until the mounting angle inspection step S7 determines that the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is within the allowable range.

[0045] In the mounting angle inspection process S7, if it is determined that the amplitude Vw between the two detected values ​​is within the allowable range, the tool mounting process S3 is completed.

[0046] Once the tool mounting process S3 is complete, the lathe 40 is driven to rotate the workpiece W, and the turning tool T is moved in the tool feed direction Dft while the workpiece W is turned with the turning tool T (turning process S8).

[0047] This completes the turning process for workpiece W.

[0048] It may be necessary to replace the insert 10 during the turning of workpiece W. Also, it may be necessary to replace the insert 10 when turning a new workpiece W after the turning of workpiece W is completed. In such cases, the insert 10 attached to the shank 20 may be replaced with a new insert 10 without removing the shank 20 from the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40. In this way, by replacing the insert 10 attached to the shank 20 with a new insert 10 without removing the shank 20 from the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40, the mounting angle adjustment step S4 can be omitted even when replacing the insert 10.

[0049] As described above, in this embodiment, in the mounting angle adjustment step S4, the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 can be objectively adjusted by referring to the reference surface 24 of the shank 20. Therefore, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can quickly mount the shank 20 to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 so that the cutting edge 17 of the tip 10 is facing the desired direction. Thus, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can improve the machining accuracy of the machined surface of the workpiece W.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the reference surface 24 is visually distinguishable from the other surfaces on the workpiece-facing surface 23, the operator can easily identify which part of the workpiece-facing surface 23 is the reference surface 24.

[0051] In order for an operator to recognize the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40, it is necessary to refer to two points on the reference surface 24 that are spaced apart in the cutting edge extension direction De. In this embodiment, the reference surface 24 has a first reference surface 24a and a second reference surface 24b that are spaced apart from each other in the cutting edge extension direction De, so the operator can easily recognize these two points.

[0052] In this embodiment, the distance Ws2 between the first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b in the blade extension direction De is five times or more the width of the cutting edge 17 in the blade extension direction De. Therefore, in this embodiment, the operator can accurately recognize the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 by referring to the first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b.

[0053] In this embodiment, the shank 20 has a shank-side rake face 38 that is flush with the rake face 11 of the tip 10 when the tip 10 is attached. Therefore, in this embodiment, the turning chip, which is the part of the workpiece W turned by the cutting edge 17 of the tip 10, can be smoothly fed from the rake face 11 of the tip 10 to the shank-side rake face 38 of the shank 20. Thus, in this embodiment, the turning chip can be efficiently discharged.

[0054] "Variations" In the above embodiment, the reference surface 24 is slightly recessed from the surfaces in the workpiece-facing surface 23 that do not have a reference surface 24, in order to make the reference surface 24 visually distinguishable from the surfaces in the workpiece-facing surface 23 that do not have a reference surface 24. However, in order to make the reference surface 24 visually distinguishable, the surface roughness or light reflectivity of the reference surface 24 and the surfaces in the workpiece-facing surface 23 that do not have a reference surface 24 may be changed, or the color of the reference surface 24 and the surfaces in the workpiece-facing surface 23 that do not have a reference surface 24 may be changed.

[0055] The reference surface 24 in the above embodiment has a first reference surface 24a and a second reference surface 24b. However, the reference surface 24 may be formed by only one surface. In this case, it is preferable that the distance from the end of the first side De1 of the blade extension to the end of the second side De2 of the blade extension on the one reference surface is 6 times or more the width of the cutting edge 17 in the blade extension direction De. In this case, the operator can accurately recognize the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 by referring to the portion of the first side De1 of the blade extension and the portion of the second side De2 of the blade extension on the one reference surface.

[0056] In the above embodiment, the workpiece installation step S1 is performed before the chip mounting step S2 and the tool mounting step S3. However, if the workpiece installation step S1 is performed before the turning step S8, the workpiece installation step S1 may be performed after the chip mounting step S2 and the tool mounting step S3.

[0057] In this embodiment, the accuracy of the mounting direction of the tip 10 to the shank 20 is ensured by bringing four of the tip's multiple outer surfaces, excluding the flank surface 12 and the rake surface 11—the first side surface 13a, the second side surface 13b, the back surface 14, and the mounting surface 15—into contact with the corresponding surfaces 33a, 33b, 14, and 35 of the tip mounting portion 32. However, it is also possible to bring three of the tip's multiple outer surfaces, excluding the flank surface 12 and the rake surface 11, into contact with the corresponding surfaces of the tip mounting portion 32. For example, only the three outer surfaces, the first side surface 13a, the second side surface 13b, and the mounting surface 15, into contact with the corresponding surfaces of the tip mounting portion 32, or, for example, only the three outer surfaces, the first side surface 13a, the back surface 14, and the mounting surface 15, into contact with the corresponding surfaces of the tip mounting portion 32. However, the three outer surfaces must extend in directions that intersect each other.

[0058] This disclosure is not limited to the embodiments and modifications described above. Various additions, modifications, substitutions, partial deletions, etc., are possible without departing from the conceptual idea and spirit of the invention derived from the claims and their equivalents.

[0059] "Addendum" The turning tools in the above embodiments and modifications can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0060] (1) The turning tool in the first embodiment is The tool comprises a shank 20 that can be attached to a tool mounting portion 48 of a lathe 40, and a tip 10 attached to the shank 20. The tip 10 has a linearly extending cutting edge 17 and a mounting portion 18 formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge 17 in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction De, and which is attached to the shank 20. The shank 20 has a tip mounting portion 32 to which the tip 10 is attached, and a workpiece-facing surface 2 that, when the tip 10 is attached to the tip mounting portion 32, faces the workpiece side Dw, which is one side in a direction different from the cutting edge extension direction De, and is the side on which the cutting edge 17 is located relative to the mounting portion 18 of the tip 10. 3 and the above With the tip 10 attached to the tip mounting portion 32, the reference surface 24 is parallel to the cutting edge 17 which extends linearly in the cutting edge extension direction De. It has the following characteristics.

[0061] In this embodiment, the mounting angle of the turning tool T relative to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 can be objectively adjusted by referring to the reference surface 24 of the shank 20. Therefore, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can quickly attach the shank 20 to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 so that the cutting edge 17 of the tip 10 is facing the desired direction. Thus, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can improve the machining accuracy of the machined surface of the workpiece W.

[0062] (2) The turning tool in the second embodiment is In the turning tool T in the first embodiment, The reference surface 24 is located within the workpiece-facing surface 23. The reference surface 24 is visually distinguishable from the other surfaces in the workpiece-facing surface 23.

[0063] In this embodiment, the operator can easily identify which part of the workpiece-facing surface 23 is the reference surface 24.

[0064] (3) The turning tool in the third embodiment is In the turning tool T according to the first or second embodiment, the distance Ws1 on the reference surface 24 from the end of the first side De1 of the cutting edge extension direction De to the end of the second side De2 of the cutting edge extension direction is 6 times or more the width of the cutting edge 17 in the cutting edge extension direction De.

[0065] In this embodiment, the distance Ws1 from the end of the first side De1 of the blade extension to the end of the second side De2 of the blade extension on the reference surface 24 is six times or more the width of the cutting edge 17 in the blade extension direction De. Therefore, in this embodiment, the operator can accurately recognize the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 by referring to the portion of the first side De1 of the blade extension and the portion of the second side De2 of the blade extension on the reference surface 24.

[0066] (4) The turning tool in the fourth embodiment is In the turning tool T according to the first or second embodiment, the reference surface 24 has a first reference surface 24a and a second reference surface 24b that are spaced apart from each other in the cutting edge extension direction De. The first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b are located on a single virtual plane parallel to the cutting edge 17.

[0067] In order for an operator to recognize the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40, it is necessary to refer to two points on the reference surface 24 that are spaced apart in the cutting edge extension direction De. In this embodiment, the operator can easily recognize these two points.

[0068] (5) The turning tool in the fifth embodiment is In the turning tool T according to the fourth embodiment, the distance Ws2 between the first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b in the cutting edge extension direction De is five times or more the width of the cutting edge 17 in the cutting edge extension direction De.

[0069] In this embodiment, the distance Ws2 between the first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b in the blade extension direction De is five times or more the width of the cutting edge 17 in the blade extension direction De. Therefore, in this embodiment, the operator can accurately recognize the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 by referring to the first reference surface 24a and the second reference surface 24b.

[0070] (6) The turning tool in the sixth embodiment is In the turning tool T according to any one of the first to fifth embodiments described above, the tip 10 has a flank face 12 and a rake face 11. The portion where the flank face 12 and the rake face 11 intersect forms the cutting edge 17. The shank 20 has a shank-side rake face 38 that is flush with the rake face 11 of the tip 10 when the tip 10 is attached.

[0071] In this embodiment, the turning chip, which is the portion of the workpiece W turned by the cutting edge 17 of the tip 10, can be smoothly fed from the rake face 11 of the tip 10 to the shank-side rake face 38 of the shank 20. Therefore, in this embodiment, the turning chip can be efficiently discharged.

[0072] (7) The turning tool in the seventh embodiment is In the turning tool T according to any one of the first to sixth embodiments, the tip 10 has a flank face 12, a rake face 11, and at least three faces other than the flank face 12 and the rake face 11 that extend in directions intersecting each other. The portion where the flank face 12 and the rake face 11 intersect forms the cutting edge 17. The shank 20 has a tip mounting portion 32 having a surface that can contact each of the at least three faces of the tip 10.

[0073] In this embodiment, when attaching the tip 10 to the tip mounting portion 32 of the shank 20, the surface of the shank 20 forming the tip mounting portion 32 is brought into contact with at least three faces of the tip 10. As a result, in this embodiment, when the tip 10 is attached to the tip mounting portion 32, the parallelism of the reference surface 24 of the shank 20 with respect to the cutting edge 17 which extends linearly in the cutting edge extension direction De can be ensured.

[0074] Furthermore, the workpiece processing method in the above embodiments and modified examples can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0075] (8) The method for processing the workpiece in the eighth aspect is: In a method for machining a workpiece W using a turning tool T according to any one of the first to seventh embodiments described above, the method includes: a workpiece installation step S1 in which the workpiece W is installed in a workpiece installation section 42 of a lathe 40 that is rotatable about an axis Ar; a tip installation step S2 in which the tip 10 is installed on the shank 20; a tool installation step S3 in which the turning tool T installed after the tip installation step S2 is installed in the tool installation section 48 of the lathe 40 so that the blade extension direction De coincides with the tool feed direction Dft; and a turning step S8 in which the lathe 40 is driven after the workpiece installation step S1 and the tool installation step S3 to move the turning tool T in the tool feed direction Dft while turning the workpiece W with the turning tool T. The tool mounting step S3 includes a mounting angle adjustment step S4, which adjusts the mounting angle of the turning tool T with respect to the tool mounting portion 48 so that the trajectory of the cutting edge 17 generated when the turning tool T is fed in the tool feed direction Dft is parallel to the reference surface 24 of the turning tool T.

[0076] In the mounting angle adjustment step S4 of this embodiment, the mounting angle of the turning tool T relative to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 can be objectively adjusted by referring to the reference surface 24 of the shank 20. Therefore, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can quickly mount the shank 20 to the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40 so that the direction in which the cutting edge 17 of the tip 10 extends is oriented in the desired direction. Thus, in this embodiment, even an inexperienced operator can improve the machining accuracy of the machined surface of the workpiece W.

[0077] (9) The method for processing the workpiece in the ninth embodiment is: In the workpiece machining method according to the eighth embodiment, the mounting angle adjustment step S4 includes: an actual mounting step S5 in which the turning tool T after the chip mounting step S2 is mounted to the tool mounting section 48 of the lathe 40; a dial gauge positioning step S6 in which the dial gauge 50 is positioned so that the measuring probe 51 of the dial gauge 50 contacts the reference surface 24 of the shank 20 of the turning tool T after the actual mounting step S5; and a mounting angle inspection step S7 in which, after the dial gauge positioning step S6, the turning tool T is fed in the tool feed direction Dft and the amplitude Vw of the value detected by the dial gauge 50 is checked to see if it is within a predetermined allowable value. If the mounting angle inspection step S7 determines that the amplitude Vw is not within the allowable value, the turning tool T is removed from the tool mounting section 48 and then the actual mounting step S5 and the mounting angle inspection step S7 are executed again.

[0078] (10) The method for processing the workpiece in the tenth embodiment is: In the workpiece machining method according to the eighth or ninth embodiment, if it becomes necessary to replace the tip 10, the tip 10 attached to the shank 20 of the turning tool T is replaced with a new tip 10 without removing the shank 20 of the turning tool T from the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40.

[0079] In this embodiment, when it becomes necessary to replace the tip 10, the tip 10 attached to the shank 20 of the turning tool T is replaced with a new tip 10 without removing the shank 20 from the tool mounting portion 48 of the lathe 40. Therefore, in this embodiment, even when the tip 10 is replaced, the mounting angle adjustment step S4 can be omitted. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0080] 10: Tips 11: Scoop face 12: Escape 12a: First side relief surface 12b: Second side escape face 13a: First side 13b:Second side 14: Back 15: Mounting surface 16: Mounting screw holes 17: Blade tip 17a: First cutting edge 17b: Second side cutting edge 18: Mounting part 19: Tip mounting tool 20: Shank 21: Torso 22: Shank mounting portion 22a: Screw hole 23: Workpiece opposing surface 24:Reference plane 24a: First reference plane 24b: Second reference plane 29: Tool mounting screws 31: Head section 32: Chip mounting section 33a: First side contact surface 33b: Second side contact surface 34: Back contact surface 35: Contact surface to be mounted 36: Female screw hole 38: Shank side rake face 40: Lathe 41: First Rail 42: Work installation section 43: Rotating table 44: Column 45: Second Rail 46: Knife stand 47: Ram 48: Tool mounting section 50: Dial Gauge 51: Measuring element Ar: Rotation axis De: Blade extension direction De1: Blade extension first side De2: Blade extension second side Dw: Work side Daw: Anti-Work side Dft: Tool feed direction X: Horizontal second direction Y: Horizontal first direction Z: Vertical direction T: Turning tool W: Work

Claims

1. A shank that can be attached to the tool mounting part of a lathe, The tip attached to the shank, Equipped with, The tip has a cutting edge that extends in a straight line, and a mounting portion that is formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge in a direction different from the direction in which the cutting edge extends, and is attached to the shank. The shank has a tip mounting portion to which the tip is attached, and a workpiece-facing surface that, when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion, faces the workpiece side, which is the side in a direction different from the blade extension direction and is the side on which the cutting edge is located relative to the mounting portion of the tip. On the workpiece-facing surface, a reference surface is formed parallel to the cutting edge, which extends linearly in the cutting edge direction, while the chip is attached to the chip mounting portion. The aforementioned reference surface has a first reference surface and a second reference surface that are spaced apart from each other in the direction in which the blade extends. The first reference plane and the second reference plane are located on a virtual plane parallel to the cutting edge. Turning tools.

2. A method for machining a workpiece using a turning tool, The turning tool comprises a shank that can be attached to the tool mounting section of a lathe, and a tip attached to the shank. The tip has a cutting edge that extends in a straight line, and a mounting portion that is formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge in a direction different from the direction in which the cutting edge extends, and is attached to the shank. The shank has a tip mounting portion to which the tip is attached, and a workpiece-facing surface that, when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion, faces the workpiece side, which is the side in a direction different from the blade extension direction and is the side on which the cutting edge is located relative to the mounting portion of the tip. On the workpiece-facing surface, a reference surface is formed parallel to the cutting edge, which extends linearly in the cutting edge direction, while the chip is attached to the chip mounting portion. A workpiece installation step involves installing a workpiece in the workpiece installation section of the lathe, which is rotatable about an axis, A tip mounting step of attaching the tip to the shank, A tool mounting step involves mounting the turning tool after the chip mounting step to the tool mounting section of the lathe so that the blade extension direction coincides with the tool feed direction, A turning step is performed in which the lathe is driven after the workpiece installation step and the tool mounting step, and the turning tool is moved in the tool feed direction while the workpiece is turned with the turning tool, Execute, The tool mounting step includes a mounting angle adjustment step, which adjusts the mounting angle of the turning tool relative to the tool mounting portion so that the trajectory of the cutting edge generated when the turning tool is advanced in the tool feed direction is parallel to the reference surface of the turning tool. Method for machining the workpiece.

3. A method for machining a workpiece using a turning tool, The turning tool comprises a shank that can be attached to the tool mounting section of a lathe, and a tip attached to the shank. The tip has a cutting edge that extends in a straight line, and a mounting portion that is formed at a position spaced apart from the cutting edge in a direction different from the direction in which the cutting edge extends, and is attached to the shank. The shank has a tip mounting portion to which the tip is attached, a workpiece-facing surface that, when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion, faces the workpiece side which is the side in a direction different from the blade extension direction and is the side on which the cutting edge exists relative to the mounting portion of the tip, and a reference surface that, when the tip is attached to the tip mounting portion, is parallel to the cutting edge which extends linearly in the blade extension direction. The aforementioned reference surface is located within the workpiece-facing surface, The reference surface is visually identifiable from the other surfaces on the workpiece-facing surface. A workpiece installation step involves installing a workpiece in the workpiece installation section of the lathe, which is rotatable about an axis, A tip mounting step of attaching the tip to the shank, A tool mounting step involves mounting the turning tool after the chip mounting step to the tool mounting section of the lathe so that the blade extension direction coincides with the tool feed direction, A turning step is performed in which the lathe is driven after the workpiece installation step and the tool mounting step, and the turning tool is moved in the tool feed direction while the workpiece is turned with the turning tool, Execute, The tool mounting step includes a mounting angle adjustment step, which adjusts the mounting angle of the turning tool relative to the tool mounting portion so that the trajectory of the cutting edge generated when the turning tool is advanced in the tool feed direction is parallel to the reference surface of the turning tool. Method for machining the workpiece.

4. In the method for processing a workpiece according to Claim 2, On the reference surface, the distance from the first end on the blade extension side to the second end on the blade extension side, of the two ends in the blade extension direction, is six times or more the width of the cutting edge in the blade extension direction. Method for machining the workpiece.

5. In the method for processing a workpiece according to Claim 2, The aforementioned reference surface has a first reference surface and a second reference surface that are spaced apart from each other in the direction in which the blade extends. The first reference plane and the second reference plane are located on a virtual plane parallel to the cutting edge. Method for machining the workpiece.

6. In the method for processing a workpiece according to Claim 5, The distance between the first reference plane and the second reference plane in the blade extension direction is five times or more the width of the cutting edge in the blade extension direction. Method for machining the workpiece.

7. A method for processing a workpiece according to any one of claims 2 to 6, The tip has a flank face and a rake face, and the portion where the flank face and the rake face intersect forms the cutting edge. The shank has a shank-side rake surface that is flush with the rake surface of the tip when the tip is attached. Method for machining the workpiece.

8. A method for processing a workpiece according to any one of claims 2 to 6, The chip has a flank face, a rake face, and at least three faces other than the flank face and the rake face that extend in directions intersecting each other. The portion where the relief surface and the rake surface intersect forms the cutting edge. The shank has a tip mounting portion having a surface that can contact each of the at least three surfaces of the tip. Method for machining the workpiece.

9. A method for processing a workpiece according to any one of claims 2 to 6, The aforementioned mounting angle adjustment step is, The actual mounting step involves mounting the turning tool, after the chip mounting step, to the tool mounting section of the lathe, A dial gauge positioning step involves positioning the dial gauge such that the measuring probe of the dial gauge contacts the reference surface of the shank of the turning tool after the actual mounting step, After the dial gauge placement step, the turning tool is moved in the tool feed direction to check whether the amplitude of the value detected by the dial gauge is within a predetermined tolerance, and the mounting angle inspection step is performed. Includes, If, in the mounting angle inspection step, it is determined that the runout is not within the allowable value, the turning tool is removed from the tool mounting section, and then the actual mounting step and the mounting angle inspection step are performed again. Method for machining the workpiece.

10. A method for processing a workpiece according to any one of claims 2 to 6, If it becomes necessary to replace the aforementioned tip, the tip attached to the shank of the turning tool is replaced with a new tip without removing the shank from the tool mounting portion of the lathe. Method for machining the workpiece.

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