Support workers

Abstract

To provide a timbering configured to eliminate the need to separately allocate braces and pipe supports to a floor slab part and a beam part when disposing the braces and the pipe supports.SOLUTION: With respect to a temporary construction body (S1) constructed by mutually connecting braces (1) arranged so as to be spaced away from each other in a girder direction (X) and a beam direction (Y), a girder structure body (Sv), which has a rigid structure and extends through a space below a floor slab part and a beam part, is formed on an upper end of the temporary construction body by connecting upper ends of adjacent braces with each other by a horizontal device (20) having a truss structure. The horizontal device (20) is configured to allow a sleeper material to be installed at an arbitrary position across almost the entire length between the adjacent braces so that a timbering (S3) is erected on the sleeper material (2) installed at a prescribed installation position that is arbitrarily selected.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 20

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a shoring for supporting forming members such as formwork for forming slabs and beams of a building body. 【Background Art】 【0002】 For example, when placing concrete when forming a building body such as a slab of a building, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, after constructing a temporary structure S1 to a height position where workers can work by connecting columns 1 arranged in a row at intervals in the girder direction X and the beam direction Y, a large pulling member 2 is installed thereon via a support device S2, and a shoring S3 constructed by a pipe support 3 provided with a telescopic adjustment means is erected on the large pulling member 2. Thus, a shoring for supporting forming members such as a bulkhead and formwork for forming a building body from below via a joist or the like is carried out. 【0003】 At this time, adjacent columns 1, 1 are connected by a girder-direction cross member 4 and a beam-direction cross member 5 with respect to the girder direction X and the beam direction Y, respectively, and further, if necessary, they are connected by a front handrail or a scaffold board with a cloth frame as shown in the figure. 【0004】 The column 1 is provided with fastening members 6 protruding from the outer periphery at intervals in the vertical direction, and fastening means 7 provided at both ends of the cross members 4, 5 are fastened. In the case of the illustrated example, the fastening member 6 is constituted by a flange provided with a plurality (for example, four) of wedge holes in the circumferential direction, and the fastening means 7 employs a wedge fastening method in which a wedge piece is driven in while sandwiching the flange with a bifurcated member. However, a fastening means of a different type from the wedge fastening method may be employed. 【0005】 The support device S2 usually uses a support fitting 8 with a jack inserted into the upper end of the column 1, and is configured to mount the large pulling member 2 on a receiving portion 9 provided on the support fitting 8, and it is possible to raise and lower the receiving portion 9 by turning the jack handle of the support fitting 8. 【0006】 The pipe support 3 constituting the shoring S3 is a telescopic tube with a lower outer tube 10 and an upper inner tube 11 fitted together in an expandable and contractible manner. An engagement pin 14 is inserted through an engagement hole 12 provided at intervals in the axial direction of the inner tube 11 and a slit 13 in the outer tube 10, and the engagement pin 14 is supported from below by an adjustment nut 15 screwed onto the outer tube 10. Therefore, an expansion and contraction adjustment means is provided that allows the extension distance of the outer tube 10 and inner tube 11 to be adjusted by selecting the engagement hole 12 through which the engagement pin 14 is inserted and moving the adjustment nut 15 up and down. 【0007】 The outer pipe 10 is configured to be fixed to the main beam 2 with screws or other fasteners while the base plate 16 fixed to the lower end is placed on top of the main beam 2, thereby erecting the pipe support 3. 【0008】 Furthermore, when constructing the temporary structure S1, scaffolding boards 17 with fabric frames are erected on adjacent beam-oriented horizontal members 5, 5, and the scaffolding boards 17 placed on the uppermost layer provide a working platform for forming the support device S2 and shoring S3. 【0009】 In this way, the support columns 1 of the temporary structure S1 and the pipe supports 3 of the shoring S3 are arranged on the same axis, thereby configuring them to support the load from above coaxially. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents] 【0010】 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2018-188901 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-151986 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve] 【0011】 By the way, as shown in Figure 1, with respect to a structural frame in which floor slabs and beams are arranged alternately in the girder direction X, when supporting the slab forming members F1 such as formwork for forming the floor slabs and the beam forming members F2 such as formwork for forming the beams, in the conventional technology, the support column 1 is divided and allocated to the floor slab portion and the beam portion, and the support structure is constructed by placing pipe supports 3 on the axis of each support column 1. 【0012】 Therefore, as shown in the diagram, when constructing the temporary structure S1, the support columns 1 are spaced at intervals La in the floor slab section (below the slab forming member F1) and at intervals Lb in the beam section (below the beam forming member F2). Since the pipe supports 3 are assigned to each of the support columns 1, there is a problem in that the number of support columns 1 and pipe supports 3 increases unnecessarily. Moreover, since the construction is carried out by dividing it into the floor slab section and the beam section and assigning support columns 1 to each, there is a problem in that the labor and time required for construction increases, leading to higher costs. 【0013】 This invention provides a shoring system that solves the above-mentioned problems. [Means for solving the problem] 【0014】 Therefore, the means configured by the present invention is a temporary structure (S1) constructed by connecting columns (1) arranged in rows spaced apart in the girder direction (X) and beam direction (Y) with horizontal members (4) facing the girder direction and horizontal members (5) facing the beam direction, in which girders (2) extending in the beam direction are arranged at intervals in the girder direction, and scaffolding (S3) is erected on the girders to support the slab forming members (F1) and beam forming members (F2) of the main structure, wherein the temporary structure (S1) connects the upper ends of adjacent columns with horizontal devices (2) having a truss structure By connecting at (0), a rigid girder structure (Sv) is formed at the upper end of the temporary structure, extending through the space below the slab forming member and beam forming member. The horizontal device (20) is configured to allow the main beam member to be installed at any position along almost its entire length between adjacent support columns. The main beam member (2) is installed at a predetermined installation position determined by selecting from the above arbitrary positions, and the slab forming member (F1) and beam forming member (F2) are supported by erecting a support structure (S3) on the main beam member. 【0015】 The horizontal structure (20) comprises an upper horizontal member (22) and a lower horizontal member (23) made of metal pipes arranged in parallel vertically, a pair of vertical members (24) made of metal pipes connecting both ends of the upper and lower horizontal members, and a bundle member (25) and a diagonal member (26) made of metal pipes connecting the upper and lower horizontal members between the pair of vertical members, forming a framework for a parallel chord truss structure. The upper horizontal member (22) is provided with fastening means (7a) at both ends that are fastened to the upper ends of the support columns (1) in the temporary structure. 【0016】 The upper end of the diagonal member (26) positioned between adjacent beam members (25)(25) is connected to the upper end of the beam member (25) and the upper horizontal member (22) via a metal plate (27). 【0017】 The lower end of the diagonal member (26) positioned between adjacent beam members (25)(25) is connected to the lower end of the beam member (25) and the lower horizontal member (23) via a metal plate (29). 【0018】 The diagonal member (26), positioned between the vertical member (24) and the support member (25), is positioned so that its upper end faces the upper end of the vertical member (24) and its lower end faces the lower end of the support member (25). The upper end of the diagonal member (26) is connected to the upper end of the vertical member (24) and the upper horizontal member (22) via a metal plate (27). 【0019】 The diagonal member (26), positioned between the vertical member (24) and the support member (25), is positioned with its upper end facing the upper end of the vertical member (24) and its lower end facing the lower end of the support member (25). The lower end of the diagonal member (26) is connected to the lower end of the support member (25) and the upper horizontal member (22) via a metal plate (29). 【0020】 Preferably, a metal reinforcing plate (27) extending longitudinally along the lower surface of the upper horizontal member (22) is fixed between the pair of vertical members, and the bundle members (25) and diagonal members (26) are fixed to the reinforcing plate, thereby forming a strip-shaped rigid section (28). 【0021】 In a preferred embodiment, the central axis (25x) of the beam member (25) and the central axis (26x) of the diagonal member (26) of the horizontal structure are configured such that the upward extension of the axis intersects near the central axis (22x) of the upper horizontal member (22), and the downward extension of the axis intersects near the central axis (23x) of the lower horizontal member (23). 【0022】 In the temporary structure, the support column (1) has fastening members (6) protruding from the outer circumference arranged at vertical intervals, and the horizontal device (20) has a mounting piece (30) and a gripping means (31) on the vertical member (24). With the fastening means (7a) of the upper horizontal member (22) fastened to the fastening member (6) at the upper end of the support column, the mounting piece (30) is placed on the fastening member (6) arranged on the lower side of the support column, and the support column (1) is gripped with the gripping means (31), thereby connecting the vertical middle portion of the vertical member (24) to the support column (1) in a horizontal direction. [Effects of the Invention] 【0023】 According to the present invention, the temporary structure S1 is constructed by erecting the columns 1 at equal intervals Lk, and by connecting the upper end portions of adjacent columns 1 with the transverse frame device 20, a girder structure Sv of a rigid structure extending through the floor slab portion (below the slab forming member F1) and the beam portion (below the beam forming member F2) is formed. Then, regardless of the position where the columns 1 are erected, after installing the large tension member 2 with an arbitrarily selected position on the pedestal means 21 of the transverse frame device 20 as the installation position, the shoring work S3 can be erected. Therefore, unlike the prior art, the number of columns 1 and pipe supports 3 does not increase unnecessarily, and moreover, the labor and time for construction are saved, and there is an effect that the cost can be reduced. 【Brief Description of the Drawings】 【0024】 [Figure 1] It is a front view showing the shoring work according to the prior art. [Figure 2] Regarding the prior art, (A) is an enlarged view of part E in FIG. 1, and (B) is a perspective view showing the column, support fitting, large tension member, and pipe support. [Figure 3] Regarding the prior art, it is a perspective view showing the connection state of the columns and the state where the scaffold board is installed on the beam-direction transverse member. [Figure 4] It is a front view showing one embodiment of the shoring work according to the present invention. [Figure 5] Regarding an embodiment of the present invention, it is a perspective view showing a temporary structure including a girder-direction transverse frame device, a large tension member, and a pipe support. [Figure 6] It shows one embodiment of the girder-direction transverse frame device, where (A) is a front view, (B) is a sectional view taken along line A-A, and (C) is a sectional view taken along line B-B. [Figure 7] It is a perspective view of the girder-direction transverse frame device. [Figure 8] It shows the longitudinal section of the girder-direction transverse frame device, where (A) is a longitudinal sectional view showing the whole, (B) is an enlarged view showing the joint portion of the upper chord member, bundled member, and diagonal member, and (C) is an enlarged view showing the joint portion of the lower chord member, bundled member, and diagonal member. [Figure 9] It is a perspective view showing the state where the girder-direction transverse frame device faces the column. [Figure 10]This diagram shows the mounting piece and holding means provided on the vertical member of the girder-oriented transverse frame. (A) is a perspective view showing the left vertical member, and (B) is a perspective view showing the right vertical member. [Figure 11] This is a perspective view showing a temporary structure constructed by connecting support columns with horizontal devices facing the girder and horizontal members facing the beam. [Figure 12] This is a perspective view showing scaffolding planks installed on the horizontal beam members of a temporary structure. [Figure 13] This is a perspective view showing the support device mounted on top of the girder-oriented transverse frame. [Figure 14] The diagram shows a support device, with (A) being a cross-sectional view showing the support device with shielding members attached to both sides of the mounting mechanism, and (B) being a cross-sectional view showing the support device with a shielding member attached to one side of the mounting mechanism. [Figure 15] This is a perspective view showing the disassembled state of the support device. [Figure 16] This is a cross-sectional view showing the disassembled state of the support device. [Figure 17] This is a perspective view showing the state after the main beam has been installed on the support device, as in the state shown in Figure 13. [Figure 18] This is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the main beam material is installed on the support structure of the support device. [Figure 19] Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of CC. [Figure 20] This is a perspective view showing the state after the pipe supports have been erected on the main beams, as shown in Figure 17. [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0025】 Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Technical components that are the same as or similar to those of the prior art described with reference to Figures 1 to 3 are indicated by the same reference numerals as those shown in Figures 1 to 3. 【0026】 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, a temporary structure S1 is constructed up to a height where workers can work by connecting columns 1 arranged in rows with spacing in the girder direction X and beam direction Y. A main beam 2 is then installed on top of the temporary structure S1 via a support device S2, and a shoring structure S3 is constructed by erecting a pipe support 3 equipped with an expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism on top of the main beam 2. This is the same as the conventional technology described above. In this case, the pipe support 3 can be the same configuration as the conventional pipe support 3 described with reference to Figures 1 to 3. 【0027】 In constructing the temporary structure S1, adjacent support columns 1, 1 are connected in the girder direction X and beam direction Y by girder-oriented horizontal members 4 and beam-oriented horizontal members 5, respectively, and are further connected as needed by handrails or scaffolding boards 17 with frames as shown in the figure. In this case, in the girder direction X, the support columns 1 are arranged in rows at equal intervals Lk, and the upper ends of adjacent support columns 1 are connected by a horizontal device 20. As a result, the temporary structure S1 forms a girder structure Sv that is a rigid structure located at the upper end and extending in the girder direction X. 【0028】 In other words, the temporary structure S1 does not arrange the support columns 1 according to the floor slab portion (below the slab forming member F1) and the beam portion (below the beam forming member F2) as in the conventional technology. Instead, it is configured such that the support columns 1 are arranged in rows at equal intervals Lk in the girder direction X without distinguishing between the floor slab portion and the beam portion. As a result, a number of horizontal devices 20 connecting the upper ends of adjacent support columns 1 form a girder structure Sv that extends in the girder direction through the floor slab portion and the beam portion. 【0029】 Furthermore, a support means 21 is provided on the upper part of the horizontal frame 20, which allows the main beam 2 to be installed at any position along almost the entire length extending between a pair of adjacent support columns 1, 1. The support means 21 constitutes a support device S2 for installing the main beam 2 on the girder structure Sv. 【0030】 Therefore, by selecting an arbitrary position on the support structure 21, a predetermined installation position is determined, and after installing the main beam member 2 at that installation position, the support structure S3 is constructed by erecting the pipe support 3 on the main beam member 2, thereby supporting the slab forming member F1 and the beam forming member F2 from below. 【0031】 In other words, as shown in the diagram, the temporary structure S1 does not divide into a floor slab section (below the slab forming member F1) and a beam section (below the beam forming member F2). Instead, columns 1 are erected at equal intervals Lk throughout both sections, and a rigid girder structure Sv is formed extending in the girder direction by numerous girder-oriented horizontal devices 20 that connect the upper ends of adjacent columns 1. Furthermore, regardless of the position where the columns 1 are erected, the main beam members 2 are installed at arbitrarily selected positions on the mounting means 21 of the horizontal devices 20, and the pipe supports 3 are erected. Therefore, there is no problem of an unnecessary increase in the number of columns 1 and pipe supports 3 as in conventional technology, and moreover, there is no problem of increased labor and time for construction leading to higher costs. 【0032】 (Horizontal rack device) Figures 6 to 10 show a preferred embodiment of the horizontal support structure 20. As described above, the horizontal support structure 20 is located at the upper end of the temporary structure S1 and forms a rigid girder structure Sv that extends in the girder direction X. Furthermore, it is configured to support the main beam members 2 at any position along almost the entire length in the girder direction by a support means 21 provided at the top. For this reason, it is formed by a truss structure framework as shown in the figures. 【0033】 The horizontal structure 20 is constructed by using upper horizontal members 22 and lower horizontal members 23 made of metal pipes, which are arranged parallel to each other vertically, as upper and lower chord members, a pair of vertical members 24 made of metal pipes that connect both ends of the upper and lower horizontal members 22 and 23, and a beam member 25 and a diagonal member 26 made of metal pipes that connect the upper and lower horizontal members 22 and 23 between the pair of vertical members, thereby forming the framework of a parallel chord truss structure. Each of the metal pipes has a circular cross-section. 【0034】 In this case, fastening means 7a are provided at both ends of the upper horizontal member 22, and by fastening the fastening means 7a to the fastening member 6 disposed at the upper end of the support column 1 in the temporary structure S1, the upper ends of the pair of support columns 1 are connected to each other by the horizontal device 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the fastening structure between the fastening means 7a and the fastening member 6 is the same as the wedge fastening type between the fastening means 7 of the horizontal members 4 and 5 and the fastening member 6 of the support column 1 described in relation to the prior art, but is not limited to this. 【0035】 In the illustrated embodiment, the support members 25 are composed of a total of three metal pipes: a central support member 25C positioned in the center, and left support members 25L and right support members 25R positioned on the left and right sides, so as to divide the horizontally elongated rectangular frame space enclosed by the upper horizontal members 22 and lower horizontal members 23 and vertical members 24, 24 into four sections in the girder direction. The upper ends of each are fixed to the lower surface of the upper horizontal member 22 by welding or the like, and the lower ends are fixed to the upper surface of the lower horizontal member 23 by welding or the like. 【0036】 The diagonal members 26 are composed of a total of four metal pipes arranged in a V-shape on either side of the left-side support member 25L and the right-side support member 25R. 【0037】 In this case, the horizontal device 20, in the frame configuration of the parallel chord truss structure described above, has a strip-shaped metal plate 27 extending longitudinally along the lower surface of the upper horizontal member 22 between a pair of vertical members 24, 24. The metal plate 27 has both end edges fixed to the inner surfaces of the vertical members 24, 24 by welding or the like, and its upper edge fixed to the lower surface of the upper horizontal member 22 by welding or the like. Moreover, the metal plate 27 is held in a fitted state in diametrical grooves 25a, 26a formed near the upper ends of the strut members 25 and diagonal members 26, and is fixed by welding or the like. 【0038】 The metal plate 27 may be a strip-shaped metal plate as shown in the figure, or it may be made of a short metal plate similar to the lower metal plate 29 described later. However, by using a strip-shaped metal plate, as shown in Figure 8(A), the upper region of the horizontal device 20 is not only reinforced by the metal plate 27 along the entire length of the upper horizontal member 22, but the metal plate 27 is used as a reinforcing plate 27 to connect and integrate the upper parts of the upper horizontal member 22 and the vertical members 24, 24, and the strut member 25, diagonal member 26 and the upper parts of the vertical member 24 are also connected and integrated, thereby forming a rigid strip-shaped rigid section 28. 【0039】 With respect to the upper band-shaped rigid section 28, the lower part of the horizontal device 20 has short metal plates 29 positioned at the lower ends of the left-side support member 25L and the right-side support member 25R, respectively, with the lower edges of the metal plates 29 fixed to the upper surface of the lower horizontal member 23 by welding or the like. The metal plates 29 are held in a fitted state in diametrical grooves 25b and 26b formed near the lower ends of the support members 25 and diagonal members 26, and are also fixed by welding or the like. 【0040】 In the above framework, as shown in Figure 8(A), the central axis 25x of the support member 25 and the central axis 26x of the diagonal member 26 are configured such that the upward extension of the axis intersects near the central axis 22x of the upper horizontal member 22, and the downward extension of the axis intersects near the central axis 23x of the lower horizontal member 23. 【0041】 Regarding the frame configuration described above, a test was conducted to confirm the strength of the horizontal support device 20. The test was performed by measuring the downward deflection that occurred when the upper horizontal member was subjected to a vertical load of 2t for the present invention as shown in the figure, a comparative product 1 without the metal plate 27, and a comparative product 2 in which the inclination angle of the diagonal member 26 was different from the above (i.e., the central axes 25x and 26x did not intersect near the central axes 22x and 23x of the upper and lower horizontal members). As a result, comparative product 1 and comparative product 2 both showed a downward deflection amount exceeding 3mm and were judged to be unsuitable as support structures in shoring. In contrast, the present invention showed a downward deflection amount of 3mm or less, confirming its superior strength and being judged to be suitable for use in shoring as a suitable support structure. 【0042】 In a preferred embodiment, the horizontal support device 20 is preferably provided with a resting piece 30 and a gripping means 31 on the vertical members 24, 24. In this embodiment, the resting piece 30 is preferably placed on the resting member 6 located on the lower side of the support column 1, with the fastening means 7a of the upper horizontal member 22 fastened to the fastening member 6 at the upper end of the support column 1 as described above, and the support column 1 is preferably gripped by the gripping means 31. 【0043】 As shown in Figure 10, the gripping means 31 and the mounting piece 30 constitute a unit 33 fixed to the upper and lower parts of a support bracket 32, which has a roughly U-shaped cross-section. The unit is attached to the vertical member 24 by fixing the support bracket 32 ​​to it by welding or the like. 【0044】 In this case, the left unit 33L attached to the left vertical member 24 and the right unit 33R attached to the right vertical member 24 are placed on the fastening members 6 of the columns 1, 1 by positioning the mounting pieces 30 at the same height, but the gripping means 31 are positioned at different heights. In the illustrated example, the gripping means 31 of the left unit 22L is positioned higher than the gripping means 31 of the right unit 22R. As a result, as shown in Figure 11, the gripping means 31 of adjacent units 33L and 33R grip the column 1 between the horizontal devices 20, 20 provided on both sides in the girder direction X with the column 1 in between, without interfering with each other, and are positioned vertically. 【0045】 The gripping means 31 comprises a U-shaped groove member 31a that embraces the outer circumference of the support column 1, and a wedge member 31b that is driven in across the groove member 31a. The support column 1 is loosely inserted into the groove member 31a, and the wedge member 31b is driven in to securely grip the support column 1 to the groove member 31a. In this case, as shown in Figure 10, it is preferable that the gripping means 31, 31 be arranged between the left unit 33L and the right unit 33R such that the openings of the groove member 31a face in opposite directions. 【0046】 (Top working platform) As described above, the temporary structure S1 is constructed with adjacent support columns 1, 1 connected in the girder direction X and beam direction Y by girder-oriented horizontal members 4 and beam-oriented horizontal members 5, respectively. As shown in Figure 11, the upper ends of adjacent support columns 1, 1 in the girder direction X are connected by a horizontal device 20. 【0047】 Therefore, as shown in Figure 12, scaffolding boards 17a with fabric frames are erected between the beam-oriented horizontal members 5, 5 that connect the upper ends of the support columns 1, forming the uppermost working platform on the temporary structure S1, providing scaffolding for subsequent work. 【0048】 (Support device) In the temporary structure S1 constructed as described above, a support means 21 is provided on the upper horizontal member 22 of the horizontal frame 20, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 5, and a support device S2 for installing the main beam 2 is formed, as shown in Figure 4. 【0049】 The specific configuration of the support device S2 is not particularly limited. For example, the upper horizontal member 22 of the horizontal frame device 20 itself may be used as the frame means 21, the main beam 2 may be placed on it, and the wire and other materials may be fixed as the fixing means 34. However, in the preferred embodiment shown in Figures 13 to 16, it is composed of a long frame means 21 mounted on the horizontal frame device 20 and a fixing means 34 consisting of a long body attached along the frame means. 【0050】 In the illustrated embodiment, the frame means 21 is formed from an extruded metal such as aluminum and includes a mounting means 35 configured with a downward groove that holds the upper horizontal member 22 of the horizontal frame 20 from above, and a fixing and holding means 36 configured with an upward groove that holds the fixing means 34. The frame means 21 is configured to be fixed by inserting the fixing means 34 (long body) into the fixing and holding means 36 (upward groove) from the longitudinal end of the frame means 21 in a detachable manner. 【0051】 In this configuration, opposing ribs are provided projecting from the upper ends of the side walls 36a, 36a that form the groove walls of the upward groove portion constituting the fixing and holding means 36, thereby narrowing the upward groove opening of the upward groove portion. This configuration ensures that the inserted fixing means 34 is held in a position where it cannot escape from the groove opening, and also forms a rail-shaped support portion 36b extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame means 21, including the ribs. After the fixing means 24 is inserted, both ends of the upward groove portion are closed by the closing members 37. For this reason, as shown in Figure 15, holes 37b are provided at both ends of the frame means 21 for inserting and fixing screws 37a that secure the closing members 37. 【0052】 The mounting means 35 for the support structure 21 only needs to be capable of mounting the support structure 21 on the upper horizontal member 22 of the horizontal frame 20, and its specific configuration is not limited. However, in the illustrated embodiment, it is formed by a downward groove with side walls 35a, 35a into which the upper horizontal member 22 is loosely fitted, and an elastic retaining piece 38 made of a leaf spring or the like is provided in a window hole 35b opened in one of the side walls 35a. As a result, when the upper horizontal member 22 is pushed into the downward groove from below, the elastic retaining piece 38 retracts through elastic deformation, causing the upper horizontal member 22 to be fitted into the interior of the downward groove, and then restores its position to elastically bias the upper horizontal member 22 into contact with the other side wall 35a. At this time, the bottom of the downward groove (upper wall) has an arc-shaped support surface 35c that follows the surface of the upper horizontal member 22, which is made of a round metal pipe, thereby configuring the support structure 21 to be mounted stably on the upper horizontal member 22. 【0053】 The fixing means 34 only needs to be used to fix the main beam 2 installed on the frame means 21, and its specific configuration is not limited. However, in the illustrated embodiment, it is made of a material that can be fixed when fasteners 39 such as wood screws or nails are driven in, for example, a wood-based material such as natural wood or synthetic wood, and is formed as a long body that extends almost the entire length of the fixing and holding means 36 (upward groove portion) of the frame means 21. 【0054】 In this case, the fixing means 34 is formed as a regular polygon in cross-section, with multiple fixing surfaces 34a in the circumferential direction of its outer circumference, and in the illustrated example, it is formed as a square in cross-section. In contrast, the cross-sectional shape of the fixing and holding means 36 (upward groove portion) is formed so as to be able to hold the cross-section of the fixing means 34 from the surroundings, and is formed so that one fixing surface 34a is exposed to the upward groove opening of the upward groove portion 36 while it is being held. 【0055】 In other words, the fixing means 34 and the fixing and holding means 36 (upward groove portion) are configured so that the fixing means 34 can be inserted into the upward groove portion and fixed and held in place with any of the multiple fixing surfaces 34a facing the groove opening. For this reason, when the construction and dismantling of the shoring is carried out repeatedly, as will be described later, even if one of the fixing surfaces 34a of the fixing means 34 is damaged by driving in the fixing device 39 for fixing the main beam 2, the same fixing means 34 can be replaced with the fixing and holding means 36 (upward groove portion) to allow another new fixing surface 34a to face the groove opening and be used. This has the advantage that the fixing means 34 can be reused repeatedly according to the number of fixing surfaces 34a. 【0056】 Incidentally, as described above, a work platform is formed by installing scaffolding boards 17a with fabric frames between the beam-oriented horizontal members 5, 5, and the support structure 21 mounted on the horizontal device 20 is configured to be installed at approximately the same height as the surface of the scaffolding boards 17a, or slightly higher. 【0057】 Therefore, it is preferable that the support structure 21 is configured to allow wing-shaped shielding members 40 to be detachably attached to both sides, and that when mounted on the upper horizontal member 22 of the horizontal support device 20, the shielding members 40 close the gap between the upper horizontal member 22 and the scaffolding board 17a. 【0058】 The specific configuration for attaching the shielding member 40 is not particularly limited, but in the illustrated embodiment, groove-shaped mounting portions 41 are formed on both side walls 36a, 36a of the upward groove portion 36 by bag-shaped grooves that open laterally and have a narrowed opening. In contrast, the shielding member 40 is formed from an extruded metal material such as aluminum, in the shape of a strip extending the entire length of the support structure 21, and has a plate-shaped mounting portion 40a at its base end. Therefore, the shielding member 40 is attached to both sides of the support structure 21 by inserting the plate-shaped mounting portion 40a into the groove-shaped mounting portion 41 from the end of the support structure 21 and sliding it. 【0059】 Therefore, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, the mounting means 21 is mounted on the upper horizontal member 22 of the girder-oriented transverse device 20 with the fixing means 34 attached to the upward groove portion 36 and the shielding member 40 attached to the groove-shaped mounting portion 41. 【0060】 As shown in the figure, the shielding member 40 is configured to be detachably attached to the groove-shaped mounting portions 41, 41 on both sides of the mounting means 21, so that the mounting means 21 with the shielding member 40 attached to only one side can be mounted on the upper horizontal member 22 as needed. 【0061】 As described above, the support means 21 mounted on the upper horizontal member 22 of the horizontal frame device 20 provides rail-shaped support sections 36b that allow the main beam members 2 to be installed at any position along almost the entire length extending in the girder direction X between the support columns 1, 1. 【0062】 As a result, as shown in Figures 17 to 19, the main beam members 2 extending in the beam direction Y are installed on the support structure 21 at intervals in the girder direction X. 【0063】 In this process, the installed main beam 2 is fixed in place by driving fasteners 39, such as wood screws or nails, downwards from both sides in the girder direction X and inserting them into the fixing means 34. In this way, the main beam 2 installed on the frame means 21 can be quickly fixed with a simple and easy operation similar to carpentry work, such as driving in the fasteners 39. Moreover, expensive metal fittings are not required for fixing; inexpensive wood screws or nails suffice, so the construction can be done at a low cost. 【0064】 Subsequently, as shown in Figure 20, the shoring structure shown in Figure 4 is completed by erecting pipe supports 3 at the designated positions on the main beams 2. 【0065】 As shown in the figure, the temporary structure S1 has a girder structure Sv that extends in the girder direction through a floor slab portion (below the slab forming member F1) and a beam portion (below the beam forming member F2) by a number of horizontal devices 20 that connect the upper ends of adjacent support columns 1, and a support means 21 that extends in the girder direction X is provided on top of it, so that the main beam members 2 are installed at arbitrarily selected positions on the support means 21 corresponding to the lower side of the slab forming member F1 and the lower side of the beam forming member F2, and a shoring structure S3 consisting of pipe supports 3 is erected. [Explanation of symbols] 【0066】 S1 Temporary Structure S2 support device S3 shoring Sv digit structure F1 Slab forming member F2 Beam forming member 1 post 2. Main beams 3 Pipe support 4-beam horizontal members 5. Horizontal beam members facing the beam 6. Fastening components 7, 7a Fastening means 8. Support bracket 9 Receiving section 10 outer tube 11 Inner tube 12 Locking holes 13 slits 14 Locking pin 15 Adjustment nut 16 base plate 17, 17a Scaffolding boards 20 Horizontal rack device 21. Mounting means 22 Upper horizontal material 22x center axis 23 Lower horizontal material 23x center axis 24 Vertical members 25 Bundle material 25a, 25b split groove 25x center axis 25C central bundle material 25L left side bundle material 25R Right side bundle material 26 Diagonal 26a, 26b split groove 26x center axis 27. Metal plate (reinforcement plate) 28. Strip-shaped rigid section 29 Metal plate 30 mounting pieces 31 Gripping means 31a Channel-shaped member 31b Wedge member 32 Support brackets 33, 33L, 33R units 34 Fixing means 34a Fixed surface 35 Mounting means (downward groove portion) 35a side wall 35b Window opening 35c support surface 36 Fixing and holding means (upward groove portion) 36a side wall 36b Support part 37 Closing member 37a Screw 37b hole 38 Elastic retaining piece 39 Fixtures 40 Shielding material 40a Plate-shaped mounting part 41 Groove-shaped mounting section

Claims

[Claim 1] In a temporary structure (S1) constructed by connecting columns (1) arranged in rows with spacing in the girder direction (X) and beam direction (Y) with horizontal members (4) facing the girder direction and horizontal members (5) facing the beam direction, a shoring system is used to support the slab forming members (F1) and beam forming members (F2) of the main structure by arranging main beam members (2) extending in the beam direction with spacing in the girder direction and erecting a shoring system (S3) on top of the main beam members, The temporary structure (S1) is formed by connecting the upper ends of adjacent support columns with a horizontal device (20) having a truss structure, thereby creating a rigid girder structure (Sv) at the upper end of the temporary structure that extends through the space below the slab forming member and beam forming member. The horizontal support device (20) is configured to allow the main beam to be installed at any position along almost its entire length between adjacent support columns. The scaffolding is characterized in that a main beam member (2) is installed at a predetermined installation position determined by selecting from the aforementioned arbitrary positions, and a support structure (S3) is erected on the main beam member to support the slab forming member (F1) and the beam forming member (F2). [Claim 2] The shoring work according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal support device (20) comprises an upper horizontal member (22) and a lower horizontal member (23) made of metal pipes arranged in parallel vertically, a pair of vertical members (24) made of metal pipes connecting both ends of the upper and lower horizontal members, and a bundle member (25) and a diagonal member (26) made of metal pipes connecting the upper and lower horizontal members between the pair of vertical members to form a frame of a parallel chord truss structure, and fastening means (7a) are provided at both ends of the upper horizontal member (22) to be fastened to the upper end of the support column (1) in the temporary structure. [Claim 3] The shoring according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper end of the diagonal member (26) positioned between adjacent beam members (25)(25) is connected to the upper end of the beam member (25) and the upper horizontal member (22) via a metal plate (27). [Claim 4] The shoring according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the lower end of the diagonal member (26) positioned between adjacent beam members (25)(25) is connected to the lower end of the beam member (25) and the lower horizontal member (23) via a metal plate (29). [Claim 5] The shoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that the diagonal member (26) positioned between the vertical member (24) and the support member (25) has its upper end facing the upper end of the vertical member (24) and its lower end facing the lower end of the support member (25), and the upper end of the diagonal member (26) is connected to the upper end of the vertical member (24) and the upper horizontal member (22) via a metal plate (27). [Claim 6] The shoring according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that the diagonal member (26) positioned between the vertical member (24) and the support member (25) has its upper end facing the upper end of the vertical member (24) and its lower end facing the lower end of the support member (25), and the lower end of the diagonal member (26) is connected to the lower end of the support member (25) and the lower horizontal member (23) via a metal plate (29). [Claim 7] The shoring method according to claim 2, 3, or 5, characterized in that a metal reinforcing plate (27) extending longitudinally along the lower surface of the upper horizontal member (22) is fixed between the pair of vertical members, and the strut members (25) and diagonal members (26) are fixed to the reinforcing plate to form a strip-shaped rigid section (28). [Claim 8] The shoring structure according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that the central axis (25x) of the support member (25) of the horizontal device and the central axis (26x) of the diagonal member (26) are configured such that the upward extension of the axis intersects near the central axis (22x) of the upper horizontal member (22), and the downward extension of the axis intersects near the central axis (23x) of the lower horizontal member (23). [Claim 9] In a configuration in which the support column (1) of a temporary structure has fastening members (6) protruding from the outer circumference arranged at vertical intervals, The shoring structure according to claim 2, wherein the horizontal support device (20) is provided with a mounting piece (30) and a gripping means (31) on a vertical member (24), and with the fastening means (7a) of the upper horizontal member (22) fastened to a fastening member (6) at the upper end of the support column, the mounting piece (30) is placed on the fastening member (6) located on the lower side of the support column, and the support column (1) is gripped with the gripping means (31), thereby connecting the upper and lower intermediate portion of the vertical member (24) to the support column (1) in a horizontal direction.

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