Solar cell module and installation method for solar cell module

Abstract

A solar cell module (10) according to the present disclosure is installed on the indoor side of a glass window (3) of a building (1). The solar cell module (10) has a plurality of photovoltaic cells (12) disposed on a transparent sheet-shaped member. An eave (2) is provided at a position on an upper part of the outside of the glass window (3) of the building (1). The solar cell module (10) is installed so as to satisfy H1-(H2+h)≥(L+t+d) tanθ, where L is the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the glass window (3) to the outer end of the eave (2), H1 is the vertical distance from the lower end of the eave (2) to the lower end of the glass window (3), t is the thickness of the glass window (3), H2 is the height of the solar cell module (10), d is the surface distance between the glass window (3) and the solar cell module (10), h is the vertical distance from the lower end of the glass window (3) to the lower end of the solar cell module (10), and θ is the solar altitude at the location where the building (1) is built.

Description

Solar cell module and solar cell module installation method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a solar cell module and a method for installing a solar cell module.

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is one of the power generation methods that utilize natural energy. Patent Document 1 discloses a technology that allows additional installation of a solar cell module without removing an existing glass window. Specifically, in the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, the solar cell module is composed of a rectangular solar cell module body and a support member. The solar cell module body is then placed on the indoor side of the glass window of the building using the support member.

[0003] JP 2014-175402 A

[0004] However, in the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, the solar cell module is also installed on the upper portion of the interior side of the glass window, which causes a problem of a decrease in the amount of power generated by the solar cell module when the solar cell module is shaded by the eaves of the building.

[0005] In view of the above problems, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a solar cell module that can be appropriately installed on the interior side of a glass window of a building, and a method for installing the solar cell module.

[0006] A solar cell module and a method for installing the solar cell module according to one aspect of the present disclosure are as follows.

[0007] [1] A solar cell module installed on the indoor side of a glass window of a building, wherein an eave is provided at an upper outer position of the glass window of the building, and the solar cell module is installed so as to satisfy the following equation: H1 - (H2 + h) ≧ (L + t + d) tan θ ... (1) where L is the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the glass window to the outer edge of the eave, H1 is the vertical distance from the bottom edge of the eave to the bottom edge of the glass window, t is the thickness of the glass window, H2 is the height of the solar cell module, d is the surface spacing between the glass window and the solar cell module, h is the vertical distance from the bottom edge of the glass window to the bottom edge of the solar cell module, and θ degrees is the solar altitude at a location where the building is erected.

[0008] [2] The solar cell module according to [1], wherein the θ is the altitude at noon on the winter solstice at a location where the building is built.

[0009] [3] The solar cell module according to [1], wherein the θ is the altitude at noon at the summer solstice at a location where the building is built.

[0010] [4] The solar cell module according to [1], wherein the θ is the annual mean meridian altitude at the location where the building is built.

[0011] [5] The solar cell module according to [1], wherein the angle θ is equal to or greater than the meridian altitude at the winter solstice and equal to or less than the meridian altitude at the summer solstice.

[0012] [6] The solar cell module according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the solar cell module has an average solar radiation absorptance of 30% or more and 90% or less.

[0013] [7] The solar cell module according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein a surface distance d between the glass window and the solar cell module satisfies d≧0.5 mm.

[0014] [8] The solar cell module according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein h2 is the vertical distance from the lower end of the transmission area of ​​the glass window to the lower end of the solar cell module, and h2 is 20 mm or more.

[0015] [9] The solar cell module according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the solar cell module has a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged on a transparent plate-like member, the plurality of photovoltaic cells are arranged in an array in horizontal and vertical directions on a main surface of the plate-like member, and the plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged in the horizontal direction are connected to each other using wiring.

[0016]

[10] The solar cell module according to [9], wherein the plurality of solar power generation cells are divided into a plurality of groups, each group being a unit group including a plurality of solar power generation cells arranged in a horizontal direction and a plurality of solar power generation cells arranged in a vertical direction, the plurality of solar power generation cells included in each of the groups are connected in series using horizontal wiring that connects the plurality of solar power generation cells arranged in the horizontal direction to each other and vertical wiring that connects two solar power generation cells adjacent to each other at ends in the horizontal direction, and the negative electrode side and the positive electrode side of each of the groups are connected in parallel by two bus bar wirings that each extend in a vertical direction at both ends in the horizontal direction of the solar cell module.

[0017]

[11] The solar cell module according to any one of [1] to

[10] , wherein, when the refractive index of air is 1 and the refractive index of the glass window is n2, a deviation ΔH of sunlight due to a difference between the refractive index of the air and the refractive index n2 of the glass window is expressed as ΔH = t tan θ - t tan θ2, and H2 in formula (1) is calculated as H2 + ΔH, where θ2 is a refraction angle, and θ2 = Arcsin(sin θ / n2).

[0018]

[12] The solar cell module according to any one of [1] to

[11] , wherein the glass window is double-glazed, and where t1 is the thickness of an outer glass sheet, t2 is the thickness of an inner glass sheet, the refractive index of air is 1, and n2 is the refractive index of the outer and inner glass sheets, a deviation ΔH of sunlight due to a difference between the refractive index of air and the refractive index n2 of the outer glass sheet and a difference between the refractive index of air and the refractive index n2 of the inner glass sheet is expressed as ΔH = t1 · (tan θ - tan θ2) + t2 · (tan θ - tan θ2), and H2 in formula (1) is calculated as H2 + ΔH, where θ2 is the angle of refraction, and θ2 = Arcsin(sin θ / n2).

[0019]

[13] The solar cell module according to any one of [1] to

[12] , wherein the solar cell module has a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged on a transparent plate-shaped member, the solar cell module having a configuration in which a transparent first plate-shaped member, an intermediate film, and a transparent second plate-shaped member are stacked, and the plurality of photovoltaic cells are encapsulated inside the intermediate film.

[0020]

[14] A method for installing a solar cell module on the indoor side of a glass window of a building, wherein an eave is provided at an upper outer position of the glass window of the building, the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the glass window to the outer edge of the eave is L, the vertical distance from the bottom edge of the eave to the bottom edge of the glass window is H1, the thickness of the glass window is t, the height of the solar cell module is H2, the surface spacing between the glass window and the solar cell module is d, the vertical distance from the bottom edge of the glass window to the bottom edge of the solar cell module is h, and the solar altitude at a location where the building is erected is θ degrees, the method for installing a solar cell module wherein the solar cell module is installed so as to satisfy H1 - (H2 + h) ≧ (L + t + d) tan θ.

[0021] The present disclosure can provide a solar cell module that can be appropriately installed on the interior side of a glass window of a building, and a method for installing the solar cell module.

[0022] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an installation position of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 5 is a front view illustrating an installation position of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of an installation position of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of an installation position of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an installation position of a solar cell module according to an embodiment (at noon altitude at the winter solstice). FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an installation position of a solar cell module according to an embodiment (at noon altitude at the summer solstice). FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an installation position of a solar cell module according to an embodiment (at mean annual noon altitude). FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of wiring of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another configuration example of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an installation position taking into consideration the refractive index of a glass window. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an installation position taking into consideration the refractive index of a glass window. FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the surface spacing d between a glass window and a solar cell module and generated stress. FIG. 16 is a graph showing the relationship between the edge-to-edge distance between a glass window and a solar cell module and generated stress.

[0023] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a solar cell module 10 according to this embodiment is installed on the indoor side of a glass window 3 of a building 1. That is, the building 1 has a window opening 5, and the glass window 3 is already installed in this opening 5 using a frame (window frame) 4. The solar cell module 10 according to this embodiment is arranged so as to face the existing glass window 3. The solar cell module 10 is fixed using a support member (not shown). In addition, a canopy 2 is provided at a position above the outer side of the glass window 3 of the building 1.

[0024] Fig. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of a solar cell module according to an embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 2, a solar cell module 10 according to this embodiment has a plurality of solar cells 12 arranged on a transparent plate-like member 11. In other words, the plurality of solar cells 12 are arranged in an array in the horizontal and vertical directions on the main surface of the plate-like member 11.

[0025] 2 shows, as an example, a configuration in which a plurality of photovoltaic cells 12 are arranged in an array of 8 cells in the horizontal direction and 12 cells in the vertical direction (i.e., an 8 x 12 array). Note that the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is just an example, and the number of photovoltaic cells 12 arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions can be determined arbitrarily. The photovoltaic cells 12 inside the solar cell module 10 are connected to each other by conductive interconnectors (wiring).

[0026] As shown in Fig. 3, the transparent plate-like member 11 included in the solar cell module 10 according to this embodiment is configured by laminating a transparent plate 13, an intermediate film 14, and a transparent plate 15. In other words, the transparent plates 13 and 15 are bonded to each other using the intermediate film 14. The photovoltaic cells 12 are enclosed between the transparent plates 13 and 15, i.e., inside the intermediate film 14.

[0027] In this embodiment, the transparent plates 13 and 15 can be made of glass plates or resin sheets. Therefore, the solar cell module 10 can have any of the following configurations: (1) a configuration in which the transparent plates 13 and 15 are made of glass plates, (2) a configuration in which the transparent plates 13 and 15 are made of resin sheets, (3) a configuration in which the transparent plate 13 is made of a resin sheet and the transparent plate 15 is made of glass plates, or (4) a configuration in which the transparent plate 13 is made of a glass plate and the transparent plate 15 is made of a resin sheet.

[0028] When glass plates are used as the transparent plates 13, 15, the thickness of the transparent plates 13, 15 is preferably 0.7 mm or more and 3.2 mm or less, more preferably 1.0 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.3 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. The transmittance of the transparent plates 13, 15 is 70% or more. For example, chemically strengthened glass may be used as the transparent plates 13, 15. When chemically strengthened glass is used, the strength of the transparent plates 13, 15 can be maintained while the weight of the transparent plates 13, 15 can be reduced. This improves the ease of installation when attaching the solar cell module 10 to a support member, etc. Furthermore, the load on the support member supporting the solar cell module 10 can be reduced. In this embodiment, air-cooled tempered glass may be used as the transparent plates 13, 15.

[0029] When resin sheets are used as the transparent plates 13, 15, the thickness of the transparent plates 13, 15 is preferably 0.03 mm or more and 3 mm or less, more preferably 0.05 mm or more and 1 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.25 mm or less. The use of the transparent plates 13, 15 can reduce the weight of the solar cell module 10. This improves the ease of installation when attaching the solar cell module 10 to a support member or the like. Furthermore, the load on the support member supporting the solar cell module 10 can be reduced.

[0030] When a resin sheet is used as the transparent plates 13, 15, the resin sheet may be made of ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), ECTFE (ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer), PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PS (polystyrene), PC (polycarbonate), or the like. The resin sheet may also be made of a combination of these materials. For example, the resin sheet may be made of a combination of ETFE and PET.

[0031] The intermediate film 14 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the transparent plate 13 and the transparent plate 15. In other words, the transparent plate 13 and the transparent plate 15 are bonded together using the intermediate film 14. Specifically, when forming the solar cell module 10, the transparent plate 13, the intermediate film 14, the solar cell 12, the intermediate film 14, and the transparent plate 15 are laminated in this order, and this laminate is heated and pressurized to bond them together, thereby forming the solar cell module 10. At this time, the intermediate film 14 arranged below the solar cell 12 and the intermediate film 14 arranged above it are heated and melted, so that the completed solar cell module 10 consists of a single layer of intermediate film 14.

[0032] The thickness of the interlayer film 14 is preferably 0.38 mm or more and 2.28 mm or less, more preferably 0.46 mm or more and 1.52 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.76 mm or more and 1.2 mm or less. The interlayer film 14 may be made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, ionomer resin, COP (cycloolefin polymer), polyurethane, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), POE (polyolefin elastomer), TPO (olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer), or the like. The interlayer film 14 may also be made of a combination of these materials.

[0033] The photovoltaic cells 12 can be configured using photovoltaic cells of silicon-based single crystal type, silicon-based polycrystalline type, amorphous silicon type, thin-film silicon type, CIGS type, organic thin-film type, dye-sensitized type, perovskite type, or the like. As shown in FIG. 2 , each photovoltaic cell 12 has a rectangular shape. For example, each photovoltaic cell 12 may have a square, rectangular, or circular shape. Furthermore, for example, a monofacial photovoltaic cell may be used as the photovoltaic cell 12. In this case, the photovoltaic cell 12 is arranged so that the light-receiving surface faces outward, i.e., toward the glass window 3. Furthermore, a bifacial photovoltaic cell may be used as the photovoltaic cell 12.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the solar cell module 10 may be constructed using a film-like member. For example, the solar cell module 10 may be constructed by providing the solar cell 12 on a film-like member. For example, the above-mentioned resin sheet can be used as the film-like member. In this case, the solar cell 12 may be an organic thin film type, a dye-sensitized type, a perovskite type, or other type of solar cell. When the solar cell module 10 is constructed using a film-like member, the solar cell module 10 can be rolled up and stored when not in use, thereby realizing space saving. Furthermore, the weight of the solar cell module 10 can be reduced.

[0035] 4A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the installation position of the solar cell module according to the embodiment. Fig. 4B is a front view illustrating the installation position of the solar cell module according to the embodiment. In this embodiment, the solar cell module is installed so as to satisfy the following formula (1), where L is the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the glass window 3 to the outer end of the eaves 2 (the length of the eaves 2), H1 is the vertical distance from the bottom end of the eaves 2 (point P) to the bottom end of the glass window 3, t is the thickness of the glass window 3, H2 is the height of the solar cell module 10, d is the surface spacing between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10, h is the vertical distance from the bottom end of the glass window 3 to the bottom end of the solar cell module 10, and θ degrees is the solar altitude at the location where the building 1 is erected.

[0036] H1-(H2+h)≧(L+t+d)・tanθ...(1)

[0037] When the solar cell module 10 is installed so as to satisfy the formula (1), it is possible to suppress or reduce the shadow cast on the solar cell module 10 by the sunlight 8 being blocked by the eaves 2. Therefore, by using such an installation method, the solar cell module 10 can be appropriately installed on the indoor side of the glass window 3 of the building 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, the glass window 3 also includes the frame 4, and the bottom end of the glass window 3 corresponds to the bottom end of the frame 4. In the example shown in Fig. 4A, the bottom end of the glass window 3 coincides with the floor surface 6. In this embodiment, the vertical distance H1 from the bottom end of the eaves 2 to the bottom end of the glass window 3 may also be expressed as the height H1 of the glass window 3.

[0039] 4A and 4B , if the vertical distance from the bottom end (floor surface 6) of glass window 3 to the top surface of lower frame (window frame) 4 is h1 and the vertical distance from the top surface of lower frame 4 to the bottom end of solar cell module 10, in other words, the vertical distance to the bottom end of solar cell module 10 when the bottom end of the transmissive region (i.e., the glass portion) of glass window 3 is used as the reference, then the relationship h = h1 + h2 holds. Also, as shown in Fig. 4B , the width of solar cell module 10 is W, and the distance between the horizontal edges of the transmissive region of glass window 3 and solar cell module 10, i.e., the distance from each horizontal end of the transmissive region of glass window 3 to each horizontal end of solar cell module 10, is w.

[0040] 4A also shows an example in which the frame of building 1 forms eaves 2. However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4C , frame 4 may form eaves. In this case, frame 4 serves as eaves, and solar cell modules are installed to satisfy the above formula (1). That is, solar cell modules 10 are installed to satisfy the above formula (1), where L is the horizontal distance from the outer surface of glass window 3 to the outer edge of frame (eaves) 4, H1 is the vertical distance from the bottom end (point P) of frame (eaves) 4 to the bottom end of glass window 3, t is the thickness of glass window 3, H2 is the height of solar cell module 10, d is the interfacial distance between glass window 3 and solar cell module 10, h is the vertical distance from the bottom end of glass window 3 to the bottom end of solar cell module 10, and θ degrees is the solar altitude at the location where building 1 is erected.

[0041] In this embodiment, the eaves may be formed by a structure other than the above-described body (eaves 2) and frame 4. That is, in this embodiment, the eaves is defined as a structure that plays the role of the eaves 2 on the outer surface of the glass window 3, that is, a structure that blocks sunlight 8.

[0042] In this embodiment, the glass window 3 may be a waist window. That is, as shown in FIG. 4D , the glass window 3 may be installed on a window sill 7 installed on the floor 6. In this case, the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the glass window 3 to the outer edge of the eaves 2 (the length of the eaves 2) is L, the vertical distance from the bottom end of the eaves 2 (point P) to the bottom end of the glass window 3 is H1, the thickness of the glass window 3 is t, the height of the solar cell module 10 is H2, the surface spacing between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 is d, the vertical distance from the bottom end of the glass window 3 to the bottom end of the solar cell module 10 is h, and the solar altitude at the location where the building 1 is erected is θ degrees. The solar cell module 10 is installed to satisfy the above formula (1). Note that a combination of the configuration shown in FIG. 4C (when the frame 4 is a eaves) and the configuration shown in FIG. 4D (when the glass window 3 is a waist window) can also be considered.

[0043] As an example, the length L of the eaves 2 (hereinafter, the same applies when the frame 4 is also a eaves) is 0 to 1000 mm. For example, in the case of ACW (aluminum curtain wall), it is less than 50 mm. In the case of PC (precast concrete) cast-in sash without eaves, it is 100 to 200 mm. In the case of PC (precast concrete) cast-in sash with eaves, it is 300 to 1000 mm. Note that when the length L of the eaves 2 is L = 0, the exterior wall of the building 1 and the outer surface of the glass window 3 are flush with each other.

[0044] The thickness t of the glass window 3 is 6 to 30 mm. For example, in the case of single-pane glass, it is about 6 to 10 mm. In the case of double-glazed glass, the thickness of each of the two glass panes is 6 to 8 mm, and the air layer is about 6 to 14 mm. Therefore, the thickness of the double-glazed glass is about 18 to 30 mm.

[0045] The height H1 of the glass window 3 is approximately 1500 to 3000 mm. When the glass window 3 is provided over the entire surface, the height H1 of the glass window 3 is 2200 to 2500 mm. When the glass window 3 is a waist window, the height H1 is 1500 to 1800 mm.

[0046] The length L of the eaves 2, the thickness t of the glass window 3, and the height H1 of the glass window 3 shown above are examples, and these values ​​vary depending on the building 1.

[0047] The value of the solar altitude θ used in the above formula (1) may be set to be equal to or higher than the meridian altitude at the winter solstice and equal to or lower than the meridian altitude at the summer solstice. In this embodiment, the value of the solar altitude θ used in the above formula (1) may be set as follows depending on the intended use of the solar cell module 10.

[0048] For example, if it is desired to maximize the total annual power generation of the solar cell module 10, the noon altitude at the winter solstice where the building 1 is built may be used as the solar altitude θ. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 , if the noon altitude at the winter solstice is used as the solar altitude θ, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 can be set high. This allows the solar cell module 10 to be exposed to the widest amount of sunlight 8 at the winter solstice, when the noon altitude is lowest in a year. This makes it possible to increase the total power generation of the solar cell module 10 at the winter solstice, when the noon altitude is lowest, and as a result, increase the total power generation of the solar cell module 10 in a year.

[0049] Furthermore, for example, if one wishes to maximize the annual amount of power generation per unit area of ​​the solar cell module 10, the solar altitude θ may be the meridian altitude at the summer solstice where the building 1 is built. That is, as shown in FIG. 6 , if the meridian altitude at the summer solstice is used as the solar altitude θ, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 can be set low. This prevents the solar cell module 10 from being shaded throughout the year, thereby increasing the annual amount of power generation per unit area of ​​the solar cell module 10. For example, if one wishes to increase the return on investment (ROI), the value of the solar altitude θ is determined so as to increase the annual amount of power generation per unit area.

[0050] Furthermore, for example, when it is desired to increase the annual power generation per unit area of ​​the solar cell module 10 while also increasing the annual total power generation, the annual mean noon altitude of the location where the building 1 is built may be used as the solar altitude θ. That is, as shown in Fig. 7, when the annual mean noon altitude is used as the solar altitude θ, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 can be set between the winter solstice (Fig. 5) and the summer solstice (Fig. 6). Therefore, it is possible to increase the annual power generation per unit area of ​​the solar cell module 10 while also increasing the annual total power generation.

[0051] In addition to the above, for example, the noon altitude at the time of the vernal or autumnal equinox may be used as the solar altitude θ. In this case, the annual power generation amount per unit area of ​​the solar cell module 10 can be increased, and the total annual power generation amount can also be increased.

[0052] In this embodiment, the value of the solar altitude θ may be determined depending on the orientation of the building and the presence or absence of nearby buildings. For example, if the orientation of the building is not south-facing or if there are nearby buildings, the meridian altitude may not be the maximum solar altitude. In such cases, the maximum solar altitude within the range of sunlight illuminating the glass window 3 during the day may be used as the value of the solar altitude θ. In this case, too, the value of the solar altitude θ may be determined taking into account seasonal solar altitudes, as described above. That is, the maximum solar altitude at the winter solstice (i.e., the maximum solar altitude within the range of sunlight illuminating the glass window 3 during the day on the winter solstice) or the maximum solar altitude at the summer solstice (i.e., the maximum solar altitude within the range of sunlight illuminating the glass window 3 during the day on the summer solstice) may be used as the value of the solar altitude θ.

[0053] Table 1 shows the noon altitude at the winter solstice, the noon altitude at the summer solstice, and the annual average noon altitude at each location.

[0054]

[0055] In this embodiment, the closer the solar cell module 10 is to the glass window 3, the smaller the effect of the canopy 2 on the solar cell module 10 can be. However, if the solar cell module 10 is placed too close to the glass window 3, the amount of heat transferred from the solar cell module 10 to the glass window 3 increases. Furthermore, because the space between the solar cell module 10 and the glass window 3 becomes narrower, the air flow in the space between the solar cell module 10 and the glass window 3 decreases, reducing the amount of heat dissipation. This increases the temperature difference between the edge portion and other portions on the surface of the glass window 3, and increases the thermal stress generated at the edge portion.

[0056] Taking these points into consideration, in this embodiment, the average solar absorptance of the solar cell module 10 is preferably set to 30% or more and 90% or less. The lower limit is more preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 50% or more. The upper limit is more preferably 80% or less, and even more preferably 70% or less. Setting the upper limit of the average solar absorptance of the solar cell module 10 within this range can suppress heat generation from the solar cell module 10. This suppresses an increase in the amount of heat transferred from the solar cell module 10 to the glass window 3, thereby reducing thermal stress generated at the edge of the glass window 3. Furthermore, setting the lower limit of the average solar absorptance within the above range can suppress a decrease in power generation due to a reduction in the area of ​​the solar cell 12. Therefore, setting the range of the average solar absorptance of the solar cell module 10 within the above range can reduce thermal stress generated at the edge of the glass window 3 while ensuring the power generation capacity of the solar cell module 10.

[0057] The average solar absorptance is the solar absorptance of the entire solar cell module 10, and is the value obtained by proportionally dividing the solar absorptance of the portion where the photovoltaic cells 12 are provided and the other portion (transmitting portion) by area. The solar absorptance can be calculated using the following formula: Solar absorptance = 1 - (solar transmittance + solar reflectance) Here, the solar transmittance and solar reflectance can be calculated from values ​​measured with a spectrophotometer, based on JIS R3106 Test methods for transmittance, reflectance, and emissivity of plate glass and calculation method for solar heat gain coefficient of architectural plate glass.

[0058] In this embodiment, the surface spacing d between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 is preferably d≧0.5 mm. In this case, the surface spacing d is more preferably 1 mm or more, even more preferably 5 mm or more, and most preferably 20 mm or more. The surface spacing d is preferably 300 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, and even more preferably 100 mm or less. By setting the surface spacing d within this range, the effect of the canopy 2 on the solar cell module 10 can be reduced while suppressing an increase in the amount of heat transfer from the solar cell module 10 to the glass window 3. Therefore, the amount of power generated by the solar cell module 10 can be increased while reducing thermal stress generated at the edge of the glass window 3.

[0059] In this embodiment, the vertical distance h2 from the bottom edge of the transmission area of ​​the glass window 3 to the bottom edge of the solar cell module 10 is preferably set to h2≧20 mm. In this case, the distance h2 is more preferably 50 mm or more, and even more preferably 100 mm or more. Setting the distance h2 within this range can suppress an increase in the temperature difference between the edge of the glass window 3 and other areas. Therefore, the thermal stress generated at the edge of the glass window 3 can be reduced.

[0060] Except when the noon altitude at the summer solstice is used as the solar altitude θ, there is a period when the solar cell module 10 is shaded by the eaves 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , when the noon altitude at the winter solstice is used as the solar altitude θ, the solar cell module 10 is shaded by the eaves 2 during periods other than the winter solstice. When the solar cell module 10 is shaded in this way, the amount of power generated by the solar power generation cells 12 arranged in the shaded area decreases, and the amount of power generated by the entire solar cell module 10 decreases. Specifically, when the solar power generation cells 12 are connected in series, if the amount of power generated by some of the solar power generation cells 12 connected in series decreases, the amount of power generated by the entire solar cell module 10 decreases due to the influence of the solar power generation cells 12 with reduced power generation.

[0061] In particular, when vertically arranged solar cells 12 are connected in series, if the solar cells 12 arranged at the top are shaded and the amount of power generated by the solar cells 12 arranged at the top decreases, this effect also extends to the solar cells 12 arranged at the bottom, and the amount of power generated by the entire solar cell module 10 decreases.

[0062] Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 8, a plurality of photovoltaic cells 12 arranged in the horizontal direction are connected to each other using wiring 31 to 34. Specifically, the plurality of photovoltaic cells 12 are divided into a plurality of groups D1 to D4, with each group including a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged in the vertical direction. The plurality of photovoltaic cells 12 included in each of the groups D1 to D4 are connected in series using horizontal wiring that connects the plurality of photovoltaic cells 12 arranged in the horizontal direction to each other, and vertical wiring that connects two photovoltaic cells adjacent to each other at their ends in the horizontal direction to each other.

[0063] For example, in group D1, the multiple photovoltaic cells 12 arranged in the horizontal direction are connected to each other using horizontal wiring 31 h. Furthermore, two photovoltaic cells adjacent to each other at the ends in the horizontal direction are connected to each other using vertical wiring 31 v. As a result, the multiple photovoltaic cells 12 in group D1 are connected to each other in series using the horizontal wiring 31 h and the vertical wiring 31 v.

[0064] The negative and positive sides of each of the groups D1 to D4 are connected in parallel using two busbar wirings 21, 22 extending vertically at both ends of the horizontal direction of the solar cell module 10. That is, the negative side of the wiring 31 of the group D1 is connected to the busbar wiring 21, and the positive side is connected to the busbar wiring 22. The negative side of the wiring 32 of the group D2 is connected to the busbar wiring 21, and the positive side is connected to the busbar wiring 22. The negative side of the wiring 33 of the group D3 is connected to the busbar wiring 21, and the positive side is connected to the busbar wiring 22. The negative side of the wiring 34 of the group D4 is connected to the busbar wiring 21, and the positive side is connected to the busbar wiring 22. As a result, the photovoltaic cells 12 of each of the groups D1 to D4 are connected in parallel to each other using the two busbar wirings 21, 22. The two busbar wirings 21, 22 are taken out from the terminal box 23 to the outside.

[0065] As described above, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic cells 12 included in the solar cell module 10 are divided into a plurality of groups D1 to D4. The photovoltaic cells 12 included in each of the groups D1 to D4 are connected in series to each other, and the negative and positive sides of the photovoltaic cells 12 of each of the groups D1 to D4 are connected in parallel to each other using two bus bar wirings 21, 22. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 9, even if the shadow of the canopy 2 falls on the group D4 on the upper side of the solar cell module 10, reducing the amount of power generated by the group D4, it is possible to prevent this from affecting the amounts of power generated by the other groups D1 to D3.

[0066] 8 shows a configuration example in which the number of photovoltaic cells 12 included in each of the groups D1 to D4 in the vertical direction is three. However, in this embodiment, the number of photovoltaic cells 12 included in each of the groups D1 to D4 in the vertical direction is not limited to three and can be any number. Also, in this embodiment, it is preferable to make the number of photovoltaic cells 12 included in each of the groups D1 to D4 the same in order to make the voltage values ​​output from each of the groups D1 to D4 the same.

[0067] For example, in this embodiment, the value of H2 calculated using the noon altitude at the summer solstice as the solar altitude θ may be set to be the same as the height of group D1. In other words, the boundary of the shadow at noon on the summer solstice may be set to be the boundary between group D1 and group D2. With this configuration, the photovoltaic power generation cells 12 in group D1 can be made to generate power constantly throughout the year. In this case, the number of photovoltaic power generation cells 12 in the other groups D2 to D4 may be set to be the same as the number of photovoltaic power generation cells 12 in group D1.

[0068] 8, it is preferable that the number of photovoltaic cells 12 in the vertical direction included in each of the groups D1 to D4 is the same. For this reason, in this embodiment, the number of photovoltaic cells 12 in the vertical direction included in each of the groups D1 to D4 may be determined, and then the solar altitude θ may be determined taking into account the boundary parts of each of the groups D1 to D4.

[0069] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of a solar cell module according to this embodiment. As described above, in the solar cell module according to this embodiment, there is a period when the solar cell module 10 is shaded by the eaves 2 except when the noon altitude at the summer solstice is used as the solar altitude θ. Since the shaded solar cells 12 do not contribute to power generation, it is possible not to install the solar cells 12 in such locations. However, there are cases where it is desired to install solar cells 12 in shaded locations in order to achieve design consistency with solar cell modules installed in other locations. In such cases, dummy cells 16 may be installed in locations shaded by the solar cell module 10a, as in the solar cell module 10a shown in FIG. 10 . By installing the dummy cells 16, the design of the solar cell module 10a can be improved without installing solar cells 12.

[0070] Next, the installation position of the solar cell module 10 taking into consideration the refractive index of the glass window 3 will be described with reference to Figures 11 and 12. First, the case where the glass window 3 is a single-pane glass will be described with reference to Figure 11.

[0071] When sunlight 8 enters the glass window 3, the sunlight 8 is refracted due to the difference in refractive index between the air and the glass window 3. As a result, sunlight 8a after passing through the glass window 3 is deviated from the direction of travel of the sunlight 8. The amount of deviation of the sunlight at this time is defined as ΔH. If the refractive index of air is 1 and the refractive index of the glass window 3 is n2, the amount of deviation ΔH of the sunlight due to the difference between the refractive index of air and the refractive index n2 of the glass window 3 is expressed by the following equation (2). Therefore, by calculating H2 in the above equation (1) as H2 + ΔH, the installation position can be determined taking into account the amount of deviation ΔH of the sunlight. ΔH = t tan θ - t tan θ2 ... equation (2) (where θ2 is the angle of refraction, and θ2 = Arcsin(sin θ / n2))

[0072] For example, if the refractive index n2 of the glass window 3 is 1.52, the solar altitude θ is 77.8 degrees, and the thickness t of the glass window 3 is 10 mm, the value of the deviation ΔH is 37.9 mm.

[0073] Next, a case where the glass window 3 is double-glazed will be described with reference to FIG. 12 . When the glass window 3 is double-glazed, sunlight 8 passes through two glass plates, namely, the outer glass plate 3_1 and the inner glass plate 3_2. During this process, sunlight 8 is refracted twice due to the difference in refractive index between air and the glass plates 3_1 and 3_2. Therefore, sunlight 8b after passing through the glass window 3 is deviated from its traveling direction. The amount of sunlight deviation at this time is defined as ΔH. If the thickness of the outer glass plate 3_1 is t1, the thickness of the inner glass plate 3_2 is t2, the refractive index of air is 1, and the refractive index of the outer and inner glass plates 3_1 and 3_2 is n2, the amount of sunlight deviation ΔH due to the difference between the refractive index of air and the refractive index n2 of the outer glass plate 3_1 and the difference between the refractive index of air and the refractive index n2 of the inner glass plate 3_2 is expressed by the following equation (3): Therefore, by calculating H2 in the above formula (1) as H2 + ΔH, the installation position can be determined taking into account the sunlight deviation ΔH. ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔH2 = t1 (tan θ - tan θ2) + t2 (tan θ - tan θ2) ... formula (3) (where θ2 is the refraction angle, and θ2 = Arcsin(sin θ / n2)).

[0074] As an example, if the refractive index n2 of the glass plates 3_1 and 3_2 is 1.52, the solar altitude θ is 77.8 degrees, and the thicknesses t1 and t2 of the glass plates 3_1 and 3_2 are 6 mm, the value of the deviation ΔH is 45.4 mm.

[0075] According to the present embodiment described above, it is possible to provide a solar cell module and a method for installing a solar cell module that can be appropriately installed on the indoor side of a glass window of a building.

[0076] <Simulation of the Relationship Between Installation Position and Module Output> A simulation was performed on the relationship between the installation position and module output of a solar cell module using the following method. The length L of eaves 2 shown in FIG. 4A , the thickness t of glass window 3, the surface spacing d between glass window 3 and solar cell module 10, the vertical distance H1 from the bottom end of eaves 2 (point P) to the bottom end of glass window 3 (height of glass window 3), the vertical distance h from the bottom end of glass window 3 to the bottom end of solar cell module 10, and the solar altitude θ were set to the values ​​shown in Table 2, and the allowable module height at this time was calculated using equation (1). The height H2 of solar cell module 10 was then determined so that it was within the calculated allowable module height.

[0077] Thereafter, the module rated output (W), the average module output (W) for one year, and the average module output per unit for one year (W / m ２ The average module output (W) for one year corresponds to the total annual power generation amount of the solar cell module 10 described above, and is expressed as the average module output per unit for one year (W / m ２ ) corresponds to the annual power generation amount per unit area of ​​the solar cell module 10 described above.

[0078] The cell size of the photovoltaic power generation cells 12 included in the solar cell module 10 is a square with one side measuring 158.75 (mm), and the cell rated output is 5.645 (Wp / sheet) or 223.994 (Wp / m ２ ), cell area ratio 70%, module output 156.8 (Wp / m ２) was used for the calculation. The width of the glass window 3 was 1800 mm, and the width of the solar cell module 10 was 1700 mm. The solar altitude θ was set to 30.9 degrees at noon on the winter solstice, 54.7 degrees on average for the year, or 77.8 degrees at noon on the summer solstice in Tokyo. Table 2 shows the simulation results.

[0079]

[0080] As shown in Table 2, in Example 1, the solar altitude θ was set to 30.9 degrees at noon on the winter solstice, in Example 2, the solar altitude θ was set to 54.7 degrees at the annual average noon, and in Example 3, the solar altitude θ was set to 77.8 degrees at noon on the summer solstice. As a result, the allowable module heights were 2408.1 mm in Example 1, 2351.1 mm in Example 2, and 2126.2 mm in Example 3. Therefore, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 was set to 2400 mm in Example 1, 2350 mm in Example 2, and 2120 mm in Example 3. Of the solar cell modules 10 according to Examples 1 to 3, Example 1 had the highest module rated output (W) and module average output (W). This is thought to be because, in Example 1, the solar altitude θ was set to 30.9 degrees at noon on the winter solstice, allowing the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 to be set high. That is, in Example 1, the total amount of sunlight that strikes the solar cell module 10 throughout the year is large, and therefore the module rated output (W) and the module average output (W) are high.

[0081] On the other hand, in Example 3, the module rated output (W) and module average output (W) were the lowest. The reason for this is thought to be that in Example 3, the solar altitude θ was set to 77.8 degrees at noon on the summer solstice, so the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 was set low. The module average output per unit (W / m ２ ), Example 3 had the highest value. The reason for this is thought to be that in Example 3, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 was set low, so that the solar cell module 10 was not shaded throughout the year, which allowed the solar cell module 10 to have a high average module output per unit area over the course of one year.

[0082] In Examples 4 to 7, the interfacial distance d between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 is larger than in Examples 1 to 3. When the interfacial distance d is larger as in Examples 5 to 7, the allowable module height is lower than in Examples 1 to 3 where the interfacial distance d is smaller. Therefore, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 in Examples 5 to 7 is set lower than the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 in Examples 1 to 3. For this reason, in Examples 5 to 7, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) were lower than those of Examples 1 to 3. In addition, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) values ​​showed similar trends in Examples 5 to 7 and Examples 1 to 3. In Example 4, for comparison, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 was set to 2400 (mm). In Example 4, the surface spacing d was larger than in Example 1, so the module average output (W) and the module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) was lower than in Example 1.

[0083] In Examples 8 to 11, the distance h to the bottom end of the solar cell module 10 is made larger than in Examples 4 to 7. When the distance h is made larger as in Examples 9 to 11, the allowable module height is lower than in Examples 5 to 7, where the distance h is smaller. Therefore, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 in Examples 9 to 11 is set lower than the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 in Examples 5 to 7. For this reason, in Examples 9 to 11, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) were lower than those of Examples 5 to 7. In addition, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) values ​​showed similar trends in Examples 9 to 11 and Examples 5 to 7. In Example 8, for comparison, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 was set to 2400 (mm). In Example 8, the distance h to the bottom end of the solar cell module 10 was set to be larger than in Example 4, so the module average output (W) and the module average output per unit (W / m２ ) was lower than in Example 4.

[0084] In Examples 12 to 15, the length L of the canopy 2 is made longer than in Examples 1 to 3. When the length L of the canopy 2 is made longer as in Examples 13 to 15, the allowable module height is lower than in Examples 1 to 3, where the length L of the canopy 2 is shorter. Therefore, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 in Examples 13 to 15 is set lower than the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 in Examples 1 to 3. For this reason, in Examples 13 to 15, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) were lower than those of Examples 1 to 3. In addition, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) values ​​showed similar trends in Examples 13 to 15 and Examples 1 to 3. In Example 12, for comparison, the height H2 of the solar cell module 10 was set to 2400 (mm). In Example 12, the length L of the canopy 2 was larger than in Example 1, so the module average output (W) and the module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) was lower than in Example 1.

[0085] In Examples 16 to 24, the surface spacing d between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 was larger than in Examples 1 to 3. Specifically, the surface spacing d was 30 mm in Examples 16 to 18, 50 mm in Examples 19 to 21, and 200 mm in Examples 22 to 24. The other conditions were the same as those in Examples 1 to 3. Note that the solar altitudes θ in Examples 16 to 18 correspond to the solar altitudes θ in Examples 1 to 3, respectively; the solar altitudes θ in Examples 19 to 21 correspond to the solar altitudes θ in Examples 1 to 3, respectively; and the solar altitudes θ in Examples 22 to 24 correspond to the solar altitudes θ in Examples 1 to 3, respectively.

[0086] When the interfacial spacing d is increased as in Examples 16 to 24, the allowable module height is lower than in Examples 1 to 3 where the interfacial spacing d is small. Therefore, the height H2 of the solar cell modules 10 in Examples 16 to 24 is set lower than the height H2 of the solar cell modules 10 in Examples 1 to 3. For this reason, in Examples 16 to 24, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) were lower than those of Examples 1 to 3. In addition, the module rated output (W), module average output (W), and module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) values ​​showed similar trends in Examples 16 to 24 and Examples 1 to 3.

[0087] From the above results, it can be seen that the smaller the surface distance d between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10, the higher the module average output (W) and the module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) increased. In addition, as the distance h to the bottom end of the solar cell module 10 decreased, the module average output (W) and the module average output per unit (W / m ２ ) value increased. Also, the smaller the solar altitude θ, the larger the module average power output (W). Also, the larger the solar altitude θ, the smaller the module average power output per unit (W / m ２ ) value has increased.

[0088] <Simulation of the Relationship Between Installation Position and Generated Stress> A simulation of the relationship between the installation position of the solar cell module and the generated stress was performed using the following method. The length H1 of the long side (vertical direction) of the glass window 3 was 2400 (mm), and the length H1 of the short side (horizontal direction) was 1800 (mm). The thickness t of the glass window 3 was 28 mm, consisting of 8 mm of glass, 12 mm of air space, and 8 mm of glass. The surface spacing d between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 was the distance shown in Table 3. The vertical edge-to-edge distance between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10, i.e., the vertical distance h2 to the bottom edge of the solar cell module 10 when the bottom edge of the transmission area of ​​the glass window 3 is used as the reference, was the distance shown in Table 3. The horizontal edge-to-edge distance w between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 (see FIG. 4B ), i.e., the distance w from each horizontal end of the glass window 3 to each horizontal end of the solar cell module 10, was the distance shown in Table 3. Note that the edge-to-edge distance h2 and the edge-to-edge distance w were set to the same value.

[0089] The height H2 of the solar cell module 10 is 1440 (mm), the width W is 600 (mm), and the area is 0.864 (m ２ ) The number of photovoltaic cells 12 included in the solar cell module 10 was 24. The cell size of the photovoltaic cells 12 was a square with one side measuring 158.75 (mm). The transmittance of the glass constituting the solar cell module 10 was 92%, and the solar radiation absorptance was 16.2%. The solar radiation absorptance of the photovoltaic cells 12 was 92.4%. The power generation area ratio of the solar cell module 10 was 70%, and the power generation area was 0.605 (m ２ The average transmittance of the solar cell module 10 was 27.6%, and the average solar absorptance was 69.5%.

[0090] The amount of solar radiation irradiated onto the solar cell module 10 is 825 W / m ２ The outside temperature of the building in which the solar cell module 10 is installed is 5°C, the indoor temperature is 20°C, and the heat transfer coefficient outside the building is 15.1 W / m ２ K, and the heat transfer coefficient inside the building is 8.0 W / m ２The temperature of the glass window 3 was 10.2°C. A simulation was performed under these conditions to determine the stress generated in the glass window 3. Table 3 shows the simulation results. FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the surface spacing d and the generated stress. FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the edge-to-edge distance (h2, w) between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 and the generated stress.

[0091]

[0092] As shown in Table 3 and Figure 13, the stress generated in the glass window 3 decreased as the interfacial distance d between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10 increased. This is thought to be because the greater the interfacial distance d between the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10, the greater the amount of heat dissipation in the space between the solar cell module 10 and the glass window 3. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 14, the longer the distance between the edges of the glass window 3 and the solar cell module 10, the smaller the stress generated in the glass window 3. This is thought to be because the closer the edge of the solar cell module 10 is to the center of the glass window 3 (see Figure 4B), the smaller the impact of heat generated in the glass window 3 due to the solar cell module 10.

[0093] The present invention has been described above in accordance with the above-described embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, and naturally includes various modifications, alterations, and combinations that can be made by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the invention claimed in the claims of this application.

[0094] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-158957, filed September 22, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

[0095] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Building 2 Eaves 3 Glass window 4 Frame 5 Opening 6 Floor 7 Window sill 8 Sunlight 10 Solar cell module 11 Plate-shaped member 12 Solar power generation cell 13 Transparent plate 14 Interlayer film 15 Transparent plate 16 Dummy cell 21, 22 Bus bar wiring 23 Terminal box 31, 32, 33, 34 Wiring

Claims

1. A solar cell module installed on the indoor side of a glass window of a building, wherein a canopy is provided at the upper outside position of the glass window of the building, and the solar cell module is installed so as to satisfy the following equation: H1-(H2+h)≧(L+t+d)・tan θ ... (1) where L is the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the glass window to the outer end of the canopy, H1 is the vertical distance from the bottom end of the canopy to the bottom end of the glass window, t is the thickness of the glass window, H2 is the height of the solar cell module, d is the surface spacing between the glass window and the solar cell module, h is the vertical distance from the bottom end of the glass window to the bottom end of the solar cell module, and θ degrees is the solar altitude at the location where the building is erected.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein said θ is the meridian altitude at the winter solstice in the location where said building is built.

3. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein said θ is the meridian altitude at the summer solstice in the location where said building is built.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein said θ is the annual mean meridian altitude at the location where said building is erected.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein said θ is greater than or equal to the meridian altitude at the winter solstice and less than or equal to the meridian altitude at the summer solstice.

6. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the average solar absorptance of the solar cell module is 30% or more and 90% or less.

7. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a surface distance d between the glass window and the solar cell module satisfies d ≥ 0.5 mm.

8. A solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein h2 is the vertical distance from the bottom end of the solar cell module to the bottom end of the transparent area of ​​the glass window as a reference point, and h2 ≧ 20 mm is satisfied.

9. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solar cell module has a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged on a transparent plate-like member, the plurality of photovoltaic cells being arranged in an array in horizontal and vertical directions on a main surface of the plate-like member, and the plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged in the horizontal direction are connected to each other using wiring.

10. The solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of solar power generation cells are divided into a plurality of groups, each group being a unit group including a plurality of solar power generation cells arranged in a horizontal direction and a plurality of solar power generation cells arranged in a vertical direction, the plurality of solar power generation cells included in each of the groups are connected in series using horizontal wiring connecting the plurality of solar power generation cells arranged in the horizontal direction to each other and vertical wiring connecting two solar power generation cells adjacent to each other at their horizontal ends, and the negative and positive sides of each of the groups are connected in parallel by two bus bar wirings each extending in a vertical direction at both horizontal ends of the solar cell module.

11. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, when the refractive index of air is 1 and the refractive index of the glass window is n2, a shift amount ΔH of sunlight due to a difference between the refractive index of the air and the refractive index n2 of the glass window is expressed as ΔH = t tan θ - t tan θ2, and H2 in the formula (1) is calculated as H2 + ΔH, where θ2 is a refraction angle, and θ2 = Arcsin(sin θ / n2).

12. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the glass window is a double-glazed glass, and when the thickness of the outer glass sheet is t1, the thickness of the inner glass sheet is t2, the refractive index of air is 1, and the refractive index of the outer and inner glass sheets is n2, the deviation amount ΔH of the sunlight due to the difference between the refractive index of the air and the refractive index n2 of the outer glass sheet and the difference between the refractive index of the air and the refractive index n2 of the inner glass sheet is expressed as ΔH = t1 (tan θ - tan θ2) + t2 (tan θ - tan θ2), and H2 in the formula (1) is calculated as H2 + ΔH, where θ2 is the angle of refraction, and θ2 = Arcsin(sin θ / n2).

13. A solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solar cell module has a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged on a transparent plate-like member, the solar cell module has a configuration in which a transparent first plate-like member, an intermediate film and a transparent second plate-like member are laminated, and the plurality of photovoltaic cells are encapsulated inside the intermediate film.

14. A method for installing a solar cell module on the indoor side of a glass window of a building, comprising: a canopy is provided at the upper outer position of the glass window of the building; the horizontal distance from the outer surface of the glass window to the outer end of the canopy is L, the vertical distance from the bottom end of the canopy to the bottom end of the glass window is H1, the thickness of the glass window is t, the height of the solar cell module is H2, the surface spacing between the glass window and the solar cell module is d, the vertical distance from the bottom end of the glass window to the bottom end of the solar cell module is h, and the solar altitude at the location where the building is erected is θ degrees; the solar cell module is installed so that H1-(H2+h)≧(L+t+d)・tan θ is satisfied.