Device, method and program for controlling transaction of power or environmental certificate

Abstract

The present invention provides a device, a method, and a program that, by simultaneously and continuously trading electric power and an environmental certificate, enable tracking of the power supply and demand of renewable energy while separating a risk of delivery failure of power of a high degree of severity and a risk of delivery failure of renewable energy value and thereby securing delivery of power with high accuracy. On the basis of information such as power supply / demand plan information, futures trading information, power supply and demand result information, spot trading information, etc., power sales bill data, power purchase bill data, environmental certificate sales bill data, and environmental certificate purchase bill data in which a time stamp, a denomination amount, and a holder ID are linked, are replicated and have their denomination amount and holder ID rewritten in sequence, and thereby futures trading and spot trading of electric power and an environmental certificate are contracted and settled.

Description

Control device, control method and program for trading electricity or environmental certificates

[0001] The present invention relates to a control device, a control method, and a program for trading electricity or environmental certificates.

[0002] In recent years, in order to promote the spread of renewable energy (RE) such as solar power generation, the environmental value attached to electricity generated from renewable energy sources has been separated from the value of the electricity itself and turned into an environmental certificate. A trading method has become common in which renewable energy electricity suppliers sell the electricity and the environmental certificates to different electricity consumers, while electricity consumers combine and offset the electricity they purchase from different electricity suppliers with the environmental certificates, thereby deeming CO2 emissions from electricity consumption to be zero.

[0003] As one type of device that supports the above-mentioned trading method, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an environmental value management device that uses customer requirements regarding the environmental value of supplied electricity and predicted values ​​of the customers' electricity demand to predict the required amount of environmental value to be procured, and creates a procurement plan for procuring environmental value certificates corresponding to the required amount within a specified planning period.

[0004] JP 2023-98446 A

[0005] However, under the above system, it is possible to offset electricity generated at different times with environmental certificates, so electricity generated by thermal power plants at night, when there is a shortage of renewable energy, is offset with environmental certificates from solar power plants that are generated and created in large quantities at low cost during the day. This results in an even wider disparity in renewable energy depending on the time of day, and leads to frequent output controls that randomly stop solar power plants from generating electricity during the day.

[0006] Therefore, a new, more stringent method has been proposed, which states that electricity consumption during a specific time period (for example, one hour) on a specific date can only be offset by an environmental certificate that is generated through renewable energy generation during that time period and is stamped with the time period (a time-stamped environmental certificate).

[0007] However, since time-stamped environmental certificates are, in principle, only created after power generation and consumption, it is difficult to reliably obtain the required amount of environmental certificates through spot trading after electricity consumption. It is also difficult for renewable energy generators to predict demand for certificates, and the price adjustment function for supply and demand does not work, increasing the risk of unsold or missed purchases. Furthermore, with certificate trading, it is generally difficult for suppliers to track how the offsets have been applied after delivery.

[0008] Therefore, there are many electricity consumers who prefer renewable energy electricity that does not separate out environmental value (pure renewable energy electricity) rather than electricity that combines certificates and electricity from different generators (synthetic renewable energy electricity), and methods for trading this electricity have been attempted, but generally the risk of a discrepancy between the predicted and actual renewable energy power generation amounts exceeds that of thermal or nuclear power generation, so there is an increased risk that electricity consumers will not be able to secure electricity themselves, causing supply-demand tightness-related power outages, or conversely, an excess supply, leading to frequent output shutdowns at power plants on a rotating basis.

[0009] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device, method, and program that enables tracking of renewable energy power supply and demand while ensuring highly accurate power transfers by simultaneously, in parallel, and continuously trading electricity and environmental certificates, thereby separating the highly serious risk of failure in the delivery of electricity from the risk of failure in the delivery of renewable energy value.

[0010] [1] A system including a processor, a storage unit, and a transmission / reception unit, wherein the processor generates environmental certificate sales bill data linked with a timestamp, a face value, and a holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked with a timestamp, a face value, and a holder ID, based on power supply and demand plan information indicating a power generation plan and a power consumption plan for each time period, and stores the data in the storage unit; and based on futures trading information received by the transmission / reception unit, copies the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and stores the data in the storage unit, thereby executing a futures trade of an environmental certificate; rewriting the face value of the environmental certificate sales bill data and the environmental certificate purchase bill data to the actual value based on the electricity supply and demand record information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, and settling the futures transaction of the environmental certificate; based on the spot transaction information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, copying the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and storing the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data in the storage unit, and copying the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data in the storage unit, and settling the spot transaction of the environmental certificate;[2] A control device comprising a processor, a storage unit, and a transmission / reception unit, wherein the processor generates and stores in the storage unit the following based on power supply and demand plan information indicating a power generation plan and a power consumption plan for each time period: electricity sales bill data linked with a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; electricity purchase bill data linked with a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; environmental certificate sales bill data linked with a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked with a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; and stores in the storage unit the following based on futures trading information received by the transmission / reception unit: copy the electricity sales bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied electricity sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied electricity sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store the data in the storage unit; copying the electricity purchase bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied electricity purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied electricity purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the storage unit; copying the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the buyer's ID, and storing the data in the storage unit; and copying the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the storage unit, thereby contracting futures trading of electricity and environmental certificates; rewriting the face values ​​of the electricity sales bill data, the electricity purchase bill data, and the environmental certificate sales bill data, and the environmental certificate purchase bill data to actual values ​​based on the electricity supply and demand record information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, and settling the futures transactions of the electricity and the environmental certificate;a control device that, based on the spot transaction information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, copies the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and stores these in the memory unit, and copies the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and stores these in the memory unit, thereby completing the spot transaction of the environmental certificate; and, based on the swap transaction information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, rewrites the holder ID of the electricity sales bill data and the electricity purchase bill data, and stores these in the memory unit, thereby completing the retroactive electricity swap transaction; [3] The control device according to [2], wherein the processor further issues renewable energy electricity consumption certificate data in response to a search result in the storage unit for the electricity sales bill data that satisfies the conditions corresponding to the environmental certificate sales bill data, based on environmental certificate invalidation information received by the transmitting and receiving unit. [4] The control device according to claim [2], wherein the processor further issues renewable energy electricity supply certificate data in response to a search result in the storage unit for the electricity purchase bill data that satisfies the conditions corresponding to the environmental certificate purchase bill data, based on supply certificate issuance information received by the transmitting and receiving unit. [5] The processor further, based on the secondary spot transaction information received by the transmitting / receiving unit, duplicates the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrites the face amount of the duplicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the duplicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and stores the duplicated environmental certificate purchase bill data in the storage unit, duplicates the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrites the face amount of the duplicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the duplicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and stores the duplicated environmental certificate purchase bill data in the storage unit, and deletes timestamps in the duplicated environmental certificate sales bill data and the duplicated environmental certificate purchase bill data, thereby concluding the secondary spot transaction of the environmental certificate;The control device according to [1] or [2]. [6] The processor further calculates, for each power consumer or each power supplier, a renewable energy power unit price based on the contracted unit price of electricity and the contracted unit price of an environmental certificate corresponding to the electricity, based on the output control information and futures trading information received by the transceiver, and selects control target equipment of the power consumer or the power supplier in ascending order of the renewable energy power unit price until the sum of the contracted amounts of electricity reaches the required output control amount; and the transceiver transmits an output control signal to a smart meter attached to the control target equipment selected by the processor. [7] When receiving electricity supply and demand plan information showing the power generation plan and electricity consumption plan for each time period, based on the electricity supply and demand plan information, generate environmental certificate sales bill data linked to a face amount and a holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked to a face amount and a holder ID, and store them in the storage unit; when receiving futures trading information, based on the futures trading information, copy the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store them in the storage unit, and copy the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and store them in the storage unit, thereby executing the futures trading of the environmental certificate; When receiving the power supply and demand record information, rewrite the face value of the environmental value sales bill data and the environmental value purchase bill data to a record value based on the power supply and demand record information;A method for causing a computer to execute the following steps when receiving spot transaction information, based on the spot transaction information: duplicating the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the replicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the replicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and storing the data in the memory unit; and duplicating the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewriting the face value of the replicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the replicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the memory unit, thereby concluding the spot transaction of the environmental certificate. [8] When receiving electricity supply and demand plan information showing the power generation plan and electricity consumption plan for each time period, based on the electricity supply and demand plan information, generate environmental certificate sales bill data linked to a face amount and a holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked to a face amount and a holder ID, and store them in the storage unit; when receiving futures trading information, based on the futures trading information, copy the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store them in the storage unit, and copy the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and store them in the storage unit, thereby executing the futures trading of the environmental certificate; When receiving the power supply and demand record information, rewrite the face value of the environmental value sales bill data and the environmental value purchase bill data to a record value based on the power supply and demand record information;When spot transaction information is received, the program causes a computer to execute the following steps based on the spot transaction information: duplicating the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the replicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the replicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and storing the data in the memory; and duplicating the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewriting the face value of the replicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the replicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the memory, thereby concluding the spot transaction of the environmental certificate. [9] When receiving electricity supply and demand plan information showing the power generation plan and electricity consumption plan for each time period, based on the electricity supply and demand plan information, generate environmental certificate sales bill data linked to the face amount and the holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked to the face amount and the holder ID, and store them in the storage unit; when receiving futures trading information, based on the futures trading information, copy the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store them in the storage unit, and copy the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and store them in the storage unit, thereby executing the futures trading of the environmental certificate; When receiving the power supply and demand record information, rewrite the face value of the environmental value sales bill data and the environmental value purchase bill data to a record value based on the power supply and demand record information;A recording medium having recorded thereon a program for causing a computer to execute the above steps when spot transaction information is received, based on the spot transaction information: duplicating the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the replicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the replicated environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and storing the data in the memory unit; and duplicating the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewriting the face value of the replicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the replicated environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the memory unit, thereby concluding the spot transaction of the environmental certificate.

[10] The processor generates order data based on the order information received by the transmitter / receiver, including at least the following information for each order: order ID, ID of the bill data of the transaction target, ID of the buyer or seller who sent the order, order arrival order, desired transaction price, desired transaction quantity, and desired priority, and stores the order data in the memory; further, the processor generates priority information for each order based on the order arrival order, desired transaction price, desired transaction quantity, or desired priority information for each order included in the order data, and adds the information to the order data to determine the priority of each order; and executes the futures transaction or the spot transaction using the priority of each order based on the order data and the futures transaction information or the spot transaction information; A control device described in any of [1] to [6].

[11] The processor extracts order status information, including information on the upper limit, lower limit, average, or median of the desired transaction unit price or the upper limit, lower limit, average, or median of the desired transaction quantity, based on the order data stored in the memory unit, and adds the information to the order data; and the processor transmits the order data to a seller or buyer terminal via the transceiver unit.

[12] The processor generates information on the risk of transaction failure for each order based on the priority of each order, power generation and consumption record data, transaction record data, and weather data stored in the memory unit, and adds the information to the order data;Furthermore, the processor transmits the order data to a terminal of the seller or the buyer via the transceiver; A control device as set forth in any of [1] to [6] or any of

[10] and

[11] .

[13] The processor adds a collective transaction ID to each bill / certificate data included in a set of multiple bill / certificate data to be traded, and processes the set of bill / certificate data to which the collective transaction ID has been added as a single bill / certificate data linked to the collective transaction ID; A control device as set forth in any of [1] to [6] or any of

[10] to

[12] or claim 1 or 2.;

[0011] According to the present invention, there is provided a device, method and program for enabling tracking of renewable energy power supply and demand by simultaneously and continuously trading electricity and environmental certificates, thereby separating the highly serious risk of electricity delivery failure from the risk of renewable energy value delivery failure, thereby ensuring highly accurate electricity delivery.

[0012] 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a network to which a trading and control platform is connected. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a network to which a trading and control platform is connected. FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram showing the flow of processing related to a transaction. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of transactions for electricity sales bills and electricity purchase bills. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of transactions for environmental certificate sales bills and environmental certificate purchase bills. FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for transaction participant registration processing. FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for bill issuance processing. FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for futures trading processing (electricity). FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for futures trading processing (environmental certificates). FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for futures bill matching processing. FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for output control processing. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the procedure for output control processing. FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for futures trading clearing processing. FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for spot trading of environmental certificates. FIG. 14 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for retroactive swap trading of electricity. FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram of retroactive swap trading of electricity. FIG. 16 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for environmental certificate invalidation processing. FIG. 17 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for supply certificate issuance processing. 1 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for secondary spot trading of environmental certificates. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an electricity sales bill. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an electricity purchase bill. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an environmental certificate sales bill. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an environmental certificate purchase bill. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a transaction example in the trading and control platform. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another transaction example in the trading and control platform. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another transaction example in the trading and control platform. FIG. 8 is a main flowchart of prioritized trading in the trading and control platform. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing flow B of prioritized trading in the trading and control platform. FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for accepting or updating a trading order. FIG. 11 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for calculating and extracting information indicating the order status from each order information and notifying each user. FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram showing the execution of trading processing. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing transaction types that can be realized by the trading and control platform. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of commodity trading in the trading and control platform.

[0013] A control platform according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below using Figures 1 to 34. Note that the embodiment described below is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment, and various other configurations can also be adopted. Furthermore, the terms "~~ bill" and "~~ certificate" used in this specification refer to concepts that include "~~ bill data" and "~~ certificate data" that have equivalent information.

[0014] Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams showing examples of the configuration of a network to which a trading and control platform and its components, an environmental certificate trading system, an energy trading system, and an energy control system, are connected. The dashed-dotted lines connecting each component indicate the flow of electricity transmission and distribution, while the dotted lines connecting each component indicate the flow of wired and wireless signals and data. For some components, the symbol "..." indicates that multiple similar components other than those shown may exist. There may be multiple energy trading markets and environmental certificate trading markets other than this platform. The trading and control platform is a concept that includes any of a device that performs the same function, a program that causes a computer to execute the same function, and a storage medium on which the program is stored.

[0015] The power transmission and distribution networks PNW1 and PNW2 are networks that interconnect power suppliers, power plants, storage batteries, power consumers, and charging and discharging facilities for electric vehicles (EVs) that exist in respective predetermined regions.

[0016] The power transmission and distribution network PNW1 is connected to a power source group PSG having various power sources such as renewable energy power plants PS1-3, a nuclear power plant PS4, a thermal power plant PS5, a pumped-storage power plant PS6, and a power storage plant PS7, and transmits and distributes the power generated by each power source. Note that the power plants may have metered, sectioned generators PS21-22 and sectioned storage batteries PS23 on their premises. The power source group PSG may also have power sources other than the above PS1-PS4.

[0017] Renewable energy power plants PS1 to PS3 refer to power sources that can generate electricity without emitting CO2, as well as storage batteries and pumped-storage power plants that use renewable energy sources. Note that if the environmental value of local production and consumption power generation and low-carbon thermal power generation is recognized, renewable energy may include all types of power sources that have such environmental value.

[0018] Electric power generated by renewable energy generation is supplied to electric power consumers (demand facilities) C1 to C4 via the electric power transmission and distribution network PNW1. Note that there may be many electric power consumers (demand facilities) other than those C1 to C4, and the electric vehicles EV1 to EV3 that are charged and discharged by the EV charging and discharging facilities C4 and C34 may each be considered as independent electric power supply consumers. Furthermore, the electric power supply consumer (supply demand facility) C3 can also return electric power generated in-house using a photovoltaic power generation facility (PV) or the like on the consumer's premises to the electric power transmission and distribution network PNW1.

[0019] The electricity consumer may have on its premises a metered PV (C31), a storage battery C32, an electricity consumption load C33, and an EV charging / discharging facility C34. The electric vehicles EV1 to EV3 may be charged / discharged using any of the charging / discharging facilities.

[0020] The above-mentioned status of power consumption / charging, power generation / discharge, and distribution is transmitted to the communication network DNW at regular intervals (e.g., every 30 minutes) by smart meters SM and HEMS (Home Energy Management System) devices installed in power plants and power consumer premises, on-board meters VM built into EVs, etc., and stored in a database DB1 and a seller DB / buyer DB in the trading / control platform. Note that the database DB1 is, for example, a database managed by an electricity transmission and distribution business operator, and stores data including the amount of power generated and consumed per unit time by each supplier and consumer, and the amount of power distributed at the demarcation point of the power transmission and distribution network measured by smart meters SM at the connection point, in association with each power supplier ID, power consumer ID, facility ID, etc.

[0021] The smart meter SM has the function of remotely, automatically, and in real time controlling the current and device output via the communication network DNW. Database DB2 is, for example, a database managed by the Japan Meteorological Agency, and stores data including meteorological data for each unit time. Database DB3 stores various transaction data for electricity and environmental certificates, output control data, etc., from the transaction and control platform.

[0022] The communication network DNW can be made accessible to databases of various related organizations in addition to the above-mentioned databases DB1, DB2, and DB3. For example, it can be made accessible to any database of the Organization for Cross-regional Coordination of Transmission Operators (OCROC) and the Japan Electric Power Exchange.

[0023] The trading and control platform includes the functions of an environmental certificate trading system A1, an electricity trading system A2, and an electricity control system A3. The environmental certificate trading system A1 provides a function for executing the trading of time-stamped environmental certificates (environmental certificates) that are time-stamped with the time period during which environmental value was created by renewable energy power generation. The electricity trading system A2 provides a function for executing electricity trading. The electricity control system A3 provides a function for adjusting the output of generators and loads using output control devices such as smart meters.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 2 , the trading and control platform includes at least a processor, a memory, and a transceiver as its hardware configuration. As shown in FIG. 2 , each system A1, A2, and A3 may share and interconnect the processor, memory, input / output unit, display unit, transceiver unit, trading and control database, seller database, and buyer database. The transceiver unit receives metering results from the smart meter SM and the onboard meter VM via the communication network DNW, and the memory unit stores this information. The processor acquires the most recent metering results from the smart meter SM and the onboard meter VM as actual values ​​of power generation by the power supplier and power consumption by the power consumer. Based on the acquired actual values ​​and data forecasts from the Japan Meteorological Agency, the processor can calculate predicted values ​​of power generation and power consumption for each future time period (e.g., 30 minutes or 1 hour), and formulate power generation and consumption plans (power supply and demand plans) for each time period. The transceiver unit receives transaction information (futures transaction information, spot transaction information, swap transaction information, secondary transaction information, etc.) transmitted from seller terminals and buyer terminals via the communication network DNW, and the memory unit stores this information in the transaction / control DB. The transceiver unit can receive output control information stored in the power transmission and distribution manager DB via the communication network DNW.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 3, the trading and control platform can perform processes including trading participant registration processing, futures bill issuance processing, electricity futures trading processing, environmental certificate futures trading processing, futures bill matching processing, output control auction processing, futures trading clearing processing, environmental certificate spot trading processing, power retroactive swap trading processing, environmental certificate invalidation processing, supply certificate issuance processing, and environmental certificate secondary spot trading processing.

[0026] Fig. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of electricity trading carried out by the trading and control platform. Fig. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of environmental certificate trading carried out by the trading and control platform.

[0027] 6 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for the transaction participant registration process. Terminals DPS1-2 of power suppliers selling electricity and environmental certificates, and terminals DC1-2 of power consumers purchasing electricity and environmental certificates, respectively, transmit seller information or buyer information as trading participants to the transaction and control platform. The processor acquires information related to the power generation / supply point number, smart meter IDs installed at those points, and power generation / load equipment from the power transmission and distribution manager database or the like, associates that information, issues a supplier ID, consumer ID, and equipment ID, transmits the information from the transceiver unit to the power supplier (seller) terminal and the power consumer (buyer) terminal, and records the information in the memory unit.

[0028] Figure 7 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for issuing electricity sales bills, electricity purchase bills, environmental certificate sales bills, and environmental certificate purchase bills (four types of bills). The processor receives the power generation amounts of all power plants PS1-PS7 and PS21-PS23, including those not using renewable energy sources, measured by the smart meter SM in Figure 1. Based on data such as the past power generation amounts of all power plants and correlations with weather data, the processor can predict the power generation amount of each power plant for a certain time period (current period). The processor then formulates a power generation plan for each power plant and issues electricity sales bills to the power supplier's terminal with a provisional face value of the planned power generation amount. Furthermore, if the power plant is a renewable energy power plant, the processor can issue an environmental certificate sales bill with a face value equal to the power sales bill to the power supplier.

[0029] Next, the processor can execute a risk analysis process. Specifically, the processor can construct a prediction model by performing multiple regression analysis or AI machine learning on the actual power generation amounts of the power plant and similar power plants in the past, past transaction and contract data and weather data for the entire market, etc., and execute a risk analysis process (valuation process) to calculate the probability of realization of the planned power generation amount (expected value), volatility such as the standard deviation of the realization probability and the standard deviation of the expected value, the current power sales price and the current environmental certificate unit price (current risk-free unit price) assuming that the actual delivery is made with a 100% realization probability and a 0 standard deviation of the probability variation, a discount rate taking into account a risk premium calculated from the volatility, and a current expected unit price obtained by multiplying the current risk-free unit price by the discount rate, and can enter the results on the electricity sales bill and the environmental certificate sales bill, respectively, record them in the seller DB, and transmit them to a terminal of the electricity supplier (seller) via the transmitter / receiver.

[0030] The electricity sales bills and environmental certificate sales bills can function in different roles at each stage: at the time of a futures sell order, as documents showing the planned sales volume, sales conditions, electricity supplier, supply facility, and risk valuation information; at the time of a contract, as documents showing the provisional face value, purchaser, and other contract conditions; after the electricity is delivered, as documents showing the actual delivery volume; in the case of a spot transaction or retroactive transaction, as documents showing the transaction conditions and trading partner; after the issuance of an electricity supply certificate, as documents showing the processed volume and inventory status; and as basic data for aggregating transactions such as local consumption achievement rates in regions and groups, and for process management and inventory management.

[0031] Similarly, the processor receives the power consumption amounts of the demand facilities C1 to C4, C31 to C34 and electric vehicles EV1 to 3 measured by the smart meters SM and VM, and based on data on the correlation between the past power consumption amounts of all power consumers and weather data, predicts the power consumption amount of the power consumer for a certain time period in the future (the current period), formulates a power consumption plan for the power consumer, and issues to the power consumer's terminal an electricity purchase bill and an environmental certificate purchase bill with the planned power consumption amount as the provisional face value.

[0032] The processor can formulate, for the terminal of a supply consumer who consumes renewable energy electricity for his or her own use, a power generation plan that predicts the sale of surplus electricity and a power consumption plan that predicts the purchase of shortages of electricity, and can also issue, to the terminal of the supply consumer, electricity sales bills and environmental certificate sales bills with the planned amount of electricity generation as a provisional face amount, and electricity purchase bills and environmental certificate purchase bills with the planned amount of electricity consumption as a provisional face amount.The processor can further formulate an electricity self-consumption plan that predicts the supply consumer's amount of renewable energy electricity self-consumption, and can issue, to the terminal of the supply consumer, electricity sales bills, electricity purchase bills, environmental certificate sales bills, and environmental certificate purchase bills with the planned amount of self-consumption as a provisional face amount.

[0033] Next, the processor can execute a risk analysis process. Specifically, the processor constructs a prediction model by performing multiple regression analysis or AI machine learning on the actual power consumption of the electricity consumer in the past and similar consumers, past transaction and contract data and weather data for the entire market, etc., and executes a risk analysis process (valuation process) to calculate the probability of the planned power consumption (expected value) being realized, the standard deviation of the realization probability, volatility such as the standard deviation of the expected value, the current power purchase price and the current environmental certificate price (current risk-free price) assuming that actual purchase is made with a 100% realization probability and a 0 standard deviation of the probability variation, a discount rate taking into account a risk premium calculated from the volatility, and a current expected unit price obtained by multiplying the current risk-free price by the discount rate. The results are then entered on the electricity purchase bill and the environmental certificate purchase bill, respectively, recorded in the buyer DB, and transmitted to the terminal of the electricity consumer (purchaser) via the transmitter / receiver.

[0034] These electricity purchase bills and environmental certificate purchase bills function in different roles at each stage: at the time of a futures purchase order, as documents showing the planned purchase volume, purchase conditions, electricity consumers, load equipment, and risk valuation information; at the time of agreement, as documents showing the provisional face value, seller, and other agreement conditions; after the electricity is delivered, as documents showing the current received volume; in the case of a spot transaction or retroactive transaction, as documents showing the transaction conditions and trading partner; after invalidation, as documents showing the processed volume and inventory status; and as basic data for aggregating transactions such as local production achievement rates by region or group, and for process management and inventory management.

[0035] In addition, the processor can receive requests from the seller or buyer at any stage after issuance for either the four-type bills or the time-stamped environmental certificates, and can perform processing to divide, merge, or change the allocation of the face value, provided that the total face value does not change.

[0036] 8 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for processing electricity futures trading. The processor can execute electricity futures trading. The terminals of the electricity supplier (seller) and the electricity consumer (purchaser) can send to the processor sell orders and buy orders (futures trading information) for the commodity, including the power generation / consumption time period (current period), the current period's trading volume, trading price, trading block, priority, etc.

[0037] The processor can perform a risk analysis (valuation) process for each product ordered and notify the seller and buyer participating in the transaction of the results.

[0038] The processor can effect an agreement for an electricity futures transaction between a seller and a buyer whose bidding conditions match, using any algorithm such as bilateral, saraba, or price auction. Specifically, the processor can duplicate the electricity sales bills and electricity purchase bills that are the subject of the agreement, rewrite the face amounts of the duplicated electricity sales bills and electricity purchase bills to the same value as the contracted amount, rewrite the holder ID of the electricity sales bill from the seller ID to the buyer ID, and rewrite the holder ID of the electricity purchase bill from the buyer ID to the seller ID, and execute the electricity futures transaction processing. Note that the processor can process bids for which no counterparty matching the conditions can be found as non-contracted.

[0039] In electricity futures trading, adjustment capacity (ΔkW) or capacity (kW) may be traded, but the trading unit may be converted into the amount of electricity (kWh).

[0040] 9 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for processing futures trades of environmental certificates. The environmental certificate trading system control unit can execute futures trades of time-stamped environmental certificates (environmental certificates) as described below. The terminals of sellers and buyers participating in the trade can send to the processor sell and buy orders (futures trading information) for products, including the time period (current period) when the environmental certificate is created, the trading volume for each product in the current period, the trading price, the trading method, the trading conditions, product characteristics, etc.

[0041] The processor can perform a risk analysis (valuation) process for each product ordered and notify the seller and buyer participating in the transaction of the results.

[0042] The processor can issue an agreement for an environmental certificate transaction between a seller and a buyer whose bidding conditions match, using any algorithm, including the method described below. Specifically, the processor duplicates the environmental certificate sales bill and environmental certificate purchase bill that are the subject of the agreement, rewrites the face value of the duplicated environmental certificate sales bill and environmental certificate purchase bill to the same value as the agreed amount, rewrites the holder ID of the environmental certificate sales bill from the seller ID to the purchaser ID, and rewrites the holder ID of the environmental certificate purchase bill from the purchaser ID to the seller ID, and executes the futures trading process for the environmental certificate. Note that the processor can process bids for which no counterparty matching the conditions is found as non-contracted. Note that futures trading of environmental certificates may be executed multiple times consecutively. For example, first, a seller and a buyer may engage in a P2P transaction in which they mutually limit the trading partners, then, including the unagreed portion, they may engage in an attribute-specified transaction, such as selling Nagano Prefecture Environmental Certificates to Nagano residents, and finally, including the unagreed portion, they may engage in a nationwide transaction without attribute specification. This makes it possible to buy and sell with parties who highly value added, thereby optimizing overall utility.

[0043] In spot and futures trading of environmental certificates and futures trading of electricity, a buyer may resell a sales bill once acquired by the buyer, or a purchase bill once acquired by the seller, to a third party in exchange for a purchase bill or sales bill held by the third party. Also, sellers without a power generation plan or buyers without an electricity consumption plan may borrow a sales bill or purchase bill from a third party, on the condition that the delivery of electricity or environmental certificates is guaranteed.

[0044] 10 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure of the futures bill matching process for electricity and environmental certificates. The processor can execute the electricity futures bill / environmental certificate futures bill matching process.

[0045] If a necessary condition for an environmental certificate futures transaction is that electricity paired with an agreed-upon commodity has already been agreed upon in the electricity futures transaction, the processor can determine whether an agreed-upon electricity sales bill exists that is paired with the agreed-upon environmental certificate sales bill and whether the provisional face value of the electricity sales bill is equal to or greater than the provisional face value of the paired environmental certificate sales bill. If the environmental certificate trading system control unit determines that an electricity sales bill exists and that its provisional face value is equal to or greater than the provisional face value, it normally terminates the matching process. Otherwise, it performs a cancellation process for the environmental certificate futures transaction, writes the settlement process details to the environmental certificate sales bill and the environmental certificate purchase bill paired with the environmental certificate sales bill, and executes a bill matching process to cancel the name change at the time of the contract. The bill matching process may be repeated after the start of the electricity futures sales transaction. Figure 11 is a sequence diagram showing the steps of the output control process. In the electricity transmission and distribution network where this transaction takes place, there may be generators and consumers who trade without using this trading and control platform. For example, in Japan, many solar power generation facilities operate under a feed-in tariff system, where public institutions purchase all of the electricity they generate without a predetermined purchase amount. Meanwhile, in electricity retail sales, many consumers typically have contracts that allow them to purchase electricity without volume restrictions. As a result, on sunny weekends in spring and autumn, PV systems generate large amounts of electricity, resulting in excess supply and causing transmission and distribution managers to curtail (shut down) power plants. On the other hand, during the harsh winter months when renewable energy is scarce, such as weekday evenings, excess demand can occur, leading transmission and distribution managers to curtail (shut down) power demand facilities. However, these shutdowns are generally selected on a rotational or random basis, resulting in the uniform shutdown of power generation and consumption facilities, even those with bilateral contracts at high electricity purchase and sale prices (utility), resulting in a loss of utility.Therefore, the trading and control platform of the present invention receives future (current period) output control information from the power transmission and distribution manager DB, and if the output curtailment allocation for the platform contained therein, i.e., the required shutdown amount of power plants and power consumers in the entire power transmission and distribution network minus the shutdown amount of traders other than the platform, is positive, after all electricity futures trading and environmental certificate trading have ended (gate closure), the power supplier or power consumer to be subject to the output curtailment control is selected using the merit order shown in the output control sequences of Figures 12 and 13. When there is an excess power supply, the processor calculates the sum of the agreed unit price of electricity in each power supplier's electricity futures trading and the agreed unit price of the environmental certificate sold by the power supplier in the corresponding environmental certificate futures trading (supplier renewable energy power unit price). When electricity demand exceeds demand, the processor calculates the sum of the agreed unit price of electricity in each electricity consumer's electricity futures transaction and the agreed unit price of the environmental certificate in the electricity consumer's environmental certificate futures transaction (consumer renewable energy electricity unit price).However, in either of the above cases, if a matching environmental certificate futures transaction has not been agreed upon, the processor will use the agreed unit price of electricity as the supplier renewable energy electricity unit price or the consumer renewable energy electricity unit price.

[0046] In both cases of excess supply and excess demand, the processor creates a ranking list in which the agreement IDs are arranged in ascending order of unit price, from the agreement transaction (agreement ID) with the lowest supplier renewable energy electricity unit price or the consumer renewable energy electricity unit price to the agreement transaction (agreement ID) with the highest unit price, and adds up the amount of electricity agreed upon in order, starting from the first place (the agreement transaction with the lowest supplier renewable energy electricity unit price), and selects the power supply equipment or power load equipment (equipment to be controlled) to be subject to output control until the value reaches the amount required for output suppression control.

[0047] The processor notifies the power supplier or power consumer that owns the equipment subject to output curtailment, as well as their electricity trading partner and environmental certificate trading partner, and then at the start of the current period, sends an output curtailment command to an output control device such as a smart meter attached to the controlled equipment of the power supplier or power consumer, and the output control device stops the output of the controlled equipment (generator and load) or the power distribution via the smart meter, receives the results from the output control device, and records them in a memory unit. In this way, output curtailment can be avoided in order of the value of the electricity and environmental certificates, thereby minimizing the loss of overall utility.

[0048] An example of output control processing will be described with reference to Figures 12 and 13. If the total planned power generation amount of all power suppliers, including those other than market trading participants and those other than renewable energy, connected to the power transmission and distribution network during a certain time period is greater than the total planned power consumption amount of all power consumers in the power transmission network, and the difference exceeds the amount of power supply outages of power sources other than trading participants, output suppression control is implemented for the difference, i.e., 300 kWh.

[0049] In the case of excess supply case 1 shown in Figure 12, the targets of output curtailment control are selected based on the renewable energy electricity contract price (electricity sales price + certificate sales price) of market trading participating suppliers. Supplier A's contract price is the lowest at 13 yen / kWh, so all 100 kWh corresponding to that contract amount is subject to suspension. The remaining targets for suspension are 200 kWh. Supplier B's contract price is the second lowest at 17 yen / kWh, so all 100 kWh corresponding to that contract amount is subject to suspension. The remaining targets for suspension are 100 kWh. Supplier C's contract price is equivalent to 20 yen / kWh, so 100 kWh of the 200 kWh corresponding to that contract amount is subject to suspension.

[0050] In the case of excess demand case 2 shown in Figure 13, market trading participants are selected for suspension based on their renewable energy electricity contract price (electricity purchase price + certificate purchase price). Consumer A's contract price is the lowest at 12 yen / kWh, so all 100 kWh corresponding to that contract amount is subject to suspension. The remaining amount to be suspended is 200 kWh. Consumer B's contract price is the second lowest at 15 yen / kWh, so all 100 kWh corresponding to that contract amount is subject to suspension. The remaining amount to be suspended is 100 kWh. Consumer C's contract price is the third lowest at 16 yen / kWh, so 100 kWh of the 200 kWh corresponding to that contract amount is subject to suspension.

[0051] Furthermore, in a power transmission and distribution network, there may be a connection point (bottleneck point) where there is a physical limit to the amount of power that can be distributed, even though the network is the same. In this case, one of the two power transmission and distribution networks separated by the connection point may be designated as the upstream and the other as the downstream. Returning to Figure 1 , the trading and control platform acquires historical actual values ​​of downstream power distribution volume, which is transmission and distribution volume from upstream power suppliers participating in the transaction to downstream power consumers, and upstream power distribution volume, which is transmission and distribution volume from downstream power suppliers to upstream power consumers, at the connection point from the smart meters SM installed at the connection point CN1 and the smart meters SM installed at the power plants PS1 to PS7, and stores these values ​​in a memory unit.

[0052] The processor calculates the current period's net downstream power flow forecast, which is the sum of the current period's downstream power flow and the current period's upstream power flow multiplied by (-1), based on the location information of the power suppliers participating in the transaction, their power generation plans for a certain time period in the future (the current period), the location information of the power consumers, their current period's power consumption plans, and the results of the power futures transaction agreement.

[0053] Next, the processor obtains from the power transmission and distribution manager DB the physically circulatable amount for the current period at the connection point and a predicted value of the net downstream power distribution amount for the current period from power suppliers other than the trading participant.

[0054] Furthermore, the processor calculates the sum (determination value) of the trading participant's predicted net downstream power distribution volume for the current period and the predicted net downstream power distribution volume for the current period of power suppliers other than the trading participant, and if the determination value is positive and the value obtained by subtracting the physical circulable amount for the current period at the connection point from the determination value (difference value) is positive, the processor defines the difference value as the net downstream excess amount, and sorts the contracted amounts (distribution contracted amounts) of power suppliers selling electricity from upstream to downstream in order of lowest supplier renewable energy power contracted unit price, and adds them up in order from the top (supplier renewable energy power contracted unit price with the lowest value), and selects equipment to be controlled until the value exceeds the net downstream excess amount.

[0055] On the other hand, if the judgment value is negative and the product (addition value) of the judgment value, the sum of the physical circulating amount at the connection point for the current period, and (-1) is positive, the processor defines the addition value as the net upstream excess amount, and sorts the contracted amounts (circulation contracted amounts) of electricity suppliers selling electricity from downstream to upstream in order of lowest supplier renewable energy electricity contracted unit price, and adds them up from the top (supplier renewable energy electricity contracted unit price with the lowest value), and selects equipment to be controlled until the value exceeds the net upstream excess amount.

[0056] The processor notifies the power supplier that owns the equipment subject to output curtailment and the power supplier's counterparty in the electricity and environmental certificate trading of an output curtailment control command at a predetermined time before the current period, and also transmits an output curtailment command to an output control device such as a smart meter attached to the equipment subject to output curtailment during the current period, and the output control device reduces the output of the equipment subject to output curtailment (generator) by the amount of the distribution contract, receives the result from the output control device, and records it in the memory. Note that there may be multiple bottleneck points, in which case the above processing can be performed for each.

[0057] 14 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for the settlement process of environmental certificates and electricity futures trading. The electricity supplier and backup power supplier who have entered into an electricity futures trading agreement actually generate and discharge electricity during a specified time period (current period) in accordance with the terms of the agreement, and the electricity consumer actually consumes and charges electricity during the current period, thereby executing the transfer of electricity. In addition, the supplier and consumer consume renewable energy electricity for themselves and sell surplus electricity or purchase shortage electricity as necessary.

[0058] A backup power supplier is a party that generates or discharges the shortfall from a power storage facility, pumped-storage power plant, etc., when it becomes increasingly likely that the power supplier (seller) will not be able to generate power (create a value certificate) according to the power generation plan. If the power generated by the backup power supplier is renewable energy power, the processor creates an environmental certificate, and after the power is transferred, can execute processing to issue an environmental certificate and an environmental certificate sales bill or an electricity sales bill equivalent to the amount of power generated by the backup power supplier and deliver them to the seller.

[0059] The processor receives the actual power generation amount for the current period of all power plants PS1 to PS7 and PS21 to 23 of all power source types measured by the smart meter SM, and corrects the total provisional face amount of all electricity sales bills issued to each electricity supplier (seller) to the actual power generation amount for the current period using an arbitrary allocation ratio, resulting in the final face amount. For example, if the actual power generation amount exceeds the planned value, the final face amount increases by the difference, and if it falls short, the final face amount decreases by the difference.

[0060] The processor receives the actual renewable energy power generation amount for the current period of renewable energy power plants PS1 to PS3, PS6 to PS7, and PS21 to 23 (including storage plants and pumped storage power plants that discharge renewable energy power sources) measured by smart meter SM, issues a time-stamped environmental certificate (environmental certificate) with a face value equivalent to the actual renewable energy power generation amount, and corrects the total provisional face value of all environmental certificate sales bills issued to the renewable energy power supplier that owns the renewable energy power plant to the amount equivalent to the actual renewable energy power generation amount for the current period, using an arbitrary allocation ratio, to determine the final face value.

[0061] Similarly, the processor receives the actual power consumption for the current period of demand facilities C1-4, C31-34, and EV1-3 measured by smart meters SM and VM, and corrects the total provisional face value of the environmental certificate purchase bills and electricity purchase bills issued to each electricity consumer who owns the demand facilities based on the current period's electricity consumption plan, using an arbitrary allocation ratio, to the amount equivalent to the actual power consumption for the current period, and determines this as the final face value.

[0062] Furthermore, the processor can determine whether the terms of the transaction have been fulfilled or not. If a fulfillment determination is made, the energy trading system control unit corrects the provisional face amounts of the electricity sales bills and electricity purchase bills whose names have been changed due to the exchange to the final face amounts in accordance with the terms of the transaction, and writes information about the settlement results into the electricity sales bills and electricity purchase bills. On the other hand, if a default determination is made, the processor can cancel the agreement, change the names of the electricity sales bills and electricity purchase bills to the names before the exchange, and execute a process to settle the purchase and sale proceeds based on the terms of the agreement. Note that the processor executes the same process as in the environmental certificate priority transaction described below for the amount of electricity acquired by an electricity consumer other than the first or provided by an electricity supplier other than the first in a priority transaction.

[0063] Next, in the case of a transaction in which the environmental certificate seller guarantees the provision of the planned amount of environmental certificates, if the confirmed face amount of the environmental certificate sales bill falls below the provisional face amount, the seller will acquire environmental certificates with a face amount equal to the difference from the third-party seller or backup power supplier in an environmental certificate spot transaction and transfer them to the purchaser. In this case, in the case of a transaction with a third-party seller or backup power supplier in an environmental certificate spot transaction, the seller will change the name of the environmental certificate purchase bill that the seller has acquired from the purchaser to the third-party seller or backup power supplier and transfer the environmental certificate purchase bill to the third-party seller or backup power supplier, and in exchange, acquire the environmental certificates held by the third-party seller or backup power supplier and the corresponding environmental certificate sales bill, and transfer both to the purchaser.

[0064] The processor may determine whether the terms of a transaction, including the outcome of a transaction with a third-party seller of environmental certificates in-kind or a backup power supplier, have been fulfilled or defaulted.

[0065] If a performance determination is made, the environmental certificate trading system control unit changes the face value of the environmental certificate sales bills and environmental certificate purchase bills whose names have been changed due to the exchange in accordance with the terms of the transaction, and writes information about the settlement results into the exchanged sales bills and purchase bills.On the other hand, if a non-performance determination is made, the system cancels the agreement, changes the names of the exchanged environmental certificate sales bills and environmental certificate purchase bills back to the names before the agreement, and executes the process of settling the purchase and sale proceeds based on the terms of the agreement.

[0066] FIG. 15 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for processing a spot transaction of an environmental certificate. The processor can execute a spot transaction of a time-stamped environmental certificate (environmental certificate). The seller and buyer terminals can send sell orders and buy orders (spot transaction information) to the processor, including the time period in which the environmental certificate was created, the face value of the purchase and sale per unit time period, the transaction price, etc. The processor then uses an arbitrary algorithm to issue an agreement for the environmental certificate transaction between the seller and buyer whose bidding conditions match for each ordered item. Specifically, the processor duplicates the environmental certificate sales bill and environmental certificate purchase bill that are the subject of the agreement, rewrites the face value of the duplicated environmental certificate sales bill and environmental certificate purchase bill to the same value as the contracted amount, and rewrites the holder ID of the environmental certificate sales bill from the seller ID to the buyer ID and the holder ID of the environmental certificate purchase bill from the buyer ID to the seller ID, thereby executing the spot transaction processing of the environmental certificate. The processor processes a bid for which no other party matching the conditions can be found as a non-contract.

[0067] Fig. 16 is a sequence diagram showing the steps of a retroactive electricity swap transaction process. Fig. 17 is a conceptual diagram of the retroactive electricity swap transaction process. An electricity supplier that sells a time-stamped environmental certificate (environmental certificate) retroactively buys back the corresponding electricity for that time period that has already been sold to a third-party buyer, while an electricity consumer that purchases an environmental value certificate from the electricity supplier retroactively returns the electricity for that time period that has already been purchased from a third-party seller, and then a new electricity purchase and sale contract is retroactively concluded between the electricity supplier that traded the environmental value certificate and the electricity consumer. Meanwhile, a new electricity purchase and sale contract is similarly retroactively concluded between the third-party buyer and the third-party seller. This allows for a retroactive electricity swap transaction to be carried out between four related parties.

[0068] The processor executes a retroactive power swap transaction in cooperation with the transceiver and memory. Specifically, the transceiver receives a retroactive power swap transaction offer (swap transaction information) including the amount of power purchased and the transaction price transmitted from the terminal of the environmental certificate buyer, and the processor identifies the terminal of the electricity seller that sold the power to the buyer and transmits the swap transaction offer to the terminal of the electricity seller. Furthermore, the processor identifies the terminal of the environmental certificate seller that sold the environmental certificate to the buyer and transmits the swap transaction offer to the terminal of the environmental certificate seller. When offer acceptance information is received from both the terminal of the environmental certificate seller and the terminal of the electricity seller, the processor further identifies the third-party power buyer that purchased power from the terminal of the environmental certificate seller and transmits the swap transaction offer to the terminal of the third-party power buyer. When offer acceptance information is received from the terminal of the third-party power buyer, the processor executes a contract process.

[0069] The processor first rewrites the holder ID of an electricity sales bill for a predetermined amount that has already been transferred from the electricity seller to the buyer from the ID of the buyer to the ID of the third-party electricity buyer, while changing the holder ID of an electricity purchase bill for the same amount that has been transferred from the buyer to the electricity seller from the ID of the electricity seller to the ID of the certificate seller.Furthermore, the processor changes the holder ID of an electricity sales bill for the same amount that has been transferred from the certificate seller to the third-party electricity buyer to the buyer, while changing the holder ID of an electricity purchase bill for the same amount that has been transferred from the third-party buyer to the certificate seller to the ID of the electricity seller.

[0070] This allows electricity consumers (purchasers) to acquire electricity paired with the environmental certificate from the same renewable energy electricity supplier, enabling P2P trading of renewable energy electricity, which is difficult to achieve through futures trading, with reduced risk and with the electricity supplier's knowledge. Furthermore, an electricity supply consumer who has sold a time-stamped environmental value certificate may retroactively sell all or part of the electricity consumed during a certain time period to the electricity consumer (purchaser) to whom the time-stamped environmental value certificate was sold, in combination with the transaction of the time-stamped environmental certificate. In exchange, the electricity consumer (purchaser) may return the same amount of electricity already purchased during that time period from another electricity supplier, and the electricity supply consumer (seller) may purchase it from the electricity supplier. A retroactive electricity swap transaction may also be conducted between the three related parties using a similar method, with offers being sent from the terminal of the environmental certificate seller or the electricity seller, rather than the terminal of the environmental certificate buyer.

[0071] FIG. 18 is a sequence diagram showing the steps of the environmental certificate invalidation process. The attributes referred to below are information indicating the location of the power generator (e.g., prefecture, city, town, or village), the type of power generation source (e.g., solar power generation, wind power generation), and the type of power generation entity (e.g., for-profit company, NPO, local government), and are information that can be included in various bills. The processor can receive an environmental certificate invalidation request (environmental certificate invalidation information) from the terminals of the electricity consumer and the supply consumer (purchaser) and execute the environmental certificate invalidation process. Specifically, the processor can determine whether the purchaser holds both an environmental certificate sales bill corresponding to the environmental certificate to be invalidated and an electricity sales bill from the same electricity supplier that forms a pair with the environmental certificate sales bill. If the processor determines that there is an unprocessed amount to be invalidated in both bills, it issues a pure renewable energy electricity consumption certificate with the smaller face value of the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate sales bill and the unprocessed amount of the electricity sales bill, subtracts the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate sales bill and the electricity sales bill by the issued amount of the certificate, and similarly adds the processed amount by the issued amount of the certificate.

[0072] Next, the processor can determine whether the purchaser holds both an environmental certificate sales bill corresponding to the environmental certificate to be invalidated and an electricity sales bill that matches all or part of the attributes such as the location of the electricity supplier, the type of renewable energy power source, etc. If there is an unvoided amount in both bills of the purchaser, the processor issues a partial pure renewable energy electricity consumption certificate for the smaller face value of the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate sales bill and the unprocessed amount of the electricity sales bill, subtracts the unvoided amounts of the environmental certificate sales bill and the electricity sales bill by that amount, and similarly adds the processed amounts by that amount.

[0073] Next, the processor can determine whether the purchaser holds both an environmental certificate sales bill corresponding to the environmental certificate to be invalidated and an electricity sales bill with mismatched attributes. If the purchaser's ID is linked to the holder ID of these bills and both bills have unvoided amounts, the processor issues a composite renewable energy electricity consumption certificate with the smaller face value of the unvoided amount of the environmental certificate sales bill and the unprocessed amount of the electricity sales bill, subtracts the unvoided amounts of the environmental certificate sales bill and the electricity sales bill by that amount, and similarly adds the processed amounts by that amount.

[0074] In this way, an electricity consumer can easily create and report a portfolio of the types of electricity he or she has consumed, sellers, and seller attributes.

[0075] 19 is a sequence diagram showing the steps of the supply certificate issuance process. The processor can receive a supply certificate issuance request for supplied electricity from an electricity supplier and a supply consumer (seller) and execute the supply certificate issuance process. Specifically, the processor can determine whether the seller holds both an environmental certificate purchase bill corresponding to the supply certificate and a paired electricity purchase bill from the same electricity buyer. If both bills contain invalidated unprocessed amounts, the processor issues a pure renewable energy electricity supply certificate for the smaller of the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate purchase bill and the unprocessed amount of the electricity purchase bill, subtracts the invalidated unprocessed amounts of the environmental certificate purchase bill and the electricity purchase bill by that amount, and similarly adds the processed amounts by that amount.

[0076] Next, the processor can determine whether the seller holds both an environmental certificate bill corresponding to the supply certificate and an electricity purchase bill that has all or part of the same attributes, such as demand area, load characteristics, etc. If the seller's ID is linked as the holder ID of these bills and both bills have unprocessed invalidated amounts, the processor issues a partial pure renewable energy electricity supply certificate for the smaller of the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate purchase bill and the unprocessed amount of the electricity purchase bill, subtracts the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate purchase bill and the electricity purchase bill by that amount, and similarly adds the processed amount by that amount.

[0077] Next, the processor can determine whether the seller holds both an environmental certificate bill corresponding to the supply certificate and an electricity purchase bill with mismatched attributes. If the seller's ID is linked as the holder ID of these bills and both bills have unprocessed invalidated amounts, the processor issues a composite renewable energy electricity supply certificate for the smaller of the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate purchase bill and the unprocessed amount of the electricity purchase bill, subtracts the unprocessed amount of the environmental certificate purchase bill and the unprocessed amount of the electricity purchase bill by that amount, and similarly adds the processed amount by that amount.

[0078] This allows the power supplier to easily create and report a portfolio of the buyers to whom it supplies power and the attributes of those buyers.

[0079] Furthermore, the processor may treat an entire group of electricity consumers with the same specific attributes, such as region, as a single electricity consumer or electricity supplier, in order for management entities such as local governments or transmission and distribution networks to form microgrids or achieve self-sufficiency in regional renewable energy, and perform all or part of the invalidation process or supply certificate issuance process.

[0080] FIG. 20 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for secondary spot trading of environmental certificates. The processor can execute secondary spot trading of environmental certificates, which is valid only for offset transactions without a time constraint. The seller and buyer send sell orders and buy orders (secondary spot trading information) including the purchase and sale volume, transaction price, etc. to the trading and control platform. For each ordered item, the processor uses an arbitrary algorithm to effect a secondary environmental certificate transaction agreement between sellers and buyers whose bidding conditions match. Specifically, the processor duplicates the environmental certificate sales bill and environmental certificate purchase bill that are the subject of the agreement, rewrites the face value of the duplicated environmental certificate sales bill and environmental certificate purchase bill to the same value as the contracted amount, and rewrites the holder ID of the environmental certificate sales bill from the seller ID to the buyer ID, and the holder ID of the environmental certificate purchase bill from the buyer ID to the seller ID, thereby executing the spot trading of the environmental certificate. The processor also processes bids for which no counterparty matching the conditions is found as non-contracted. The processor notifies the seller and the purchaser of the result of the agreement, delivers the secondary environment certificate with the time stamp erased to the purchaser, erases the time stamps from the certificate sales bill and the sales certificate purchase bill, and exchanges the ownership rights thereof.

[0081] 21 and 22 are diagrams showing examples of electricity sales bills and electricity purchase bills. An electricity sales bill and an electricity purchase bill include at least the following information: a bill ID, a time period (timestamp) during which the electricity supply or consumption corresponding to the bill will occur, the face value of the electricity supply or consumption corresponding to the bill, and a holder ID indicating the holder of the bill. Furthermore, an electricity sales bill and an electricity purchase bill may include information such as electricity supply and demand plan information, futures trading information, electricity supply and demand performance information, matters related to electricity swap transactions, matters related to the invalidation process of an environmental certificate, or matters related to the issuance process of a supply certificate.

[0082] The electricity supply and demand plan information includes at least the ID of the electricity supplier or consumer corresponding to the bill, and the planned power generation amount or planned demand amount. Based on this information, the face value of the bill before the futures transaction and the holder ID are determined. Furthermore, the electricity supply and demand plan information may include information such as the name of the electricity supplier or consumer corresponding to the bill, the ID and type of the power source and additional equipment, the smart meter ID, and the location and site number of the supplier or consumer.

[0083] The futures trading information includes at least the following information: an order ID indicating an order for buying or selling a bill; an order quantity indicating the amount of electricity to be bought or sold; the ID of the contracted transaction; an agreed quantity indicating the amount of electricity to be bought or sold in the transaction; and the ID of the seller or buyer in the transaction. Based on this information, the face value of the bill and the holder ID are updated after the futures transaction and before the settlement of the futures transaction and the swap transaction. Furthermore, the futures trading information may include information such as a quantity type indicating the amount of electricity to be bought or sold relative to the planned power generation amount; transaction terms imposed on the seller and buyer in the transaction, such as the provision / receive conditions for the amount of electricity actually generated / consumed; fluctuation risk, indicating the risk of fluctuations in the amount of electricity generated or consumed and the associated discount rate; output curtailment risk, indicating the risk that the amount of electricity generated or consumed to be bought or sold will be subject to output curtailment control; a transaction status, indicating whether the transaction is uncontracted, contracted, or canceled; and the name of the seller or buyer.

[0084] The electricity supply and demand record information includes at least information on the seller's actual power generation amount or the buyer's actual power consumption amount, which indicates the amount of electricity actually generated / consumed by the seller or buyer. Based on this information, the face value of the bill before the swap transaction is rewritten after the futures transaction is settled. Furthermore, the electricity supply and demand record information may include information such as the status of the futures transaction, indicating whether it is unsettled or settled, the seller's or buyer's ID or name, and the face value of the bill after settlement.

[0085] The items related to the power swap transaction include at least the ID of the swap transaction, the ID of the seller or buyer who conducted the swap transaction, and the bill exchange amount indicating the amount of electricity exchanged on the bill through the swap transaction. Based on this information, the holder ID and the face value of the bill after the swap transaction are rewritten. Furthermore, the items related to the power swap transaction may include the status of the transaction, indicating whether it is uncontracted / contracted / canceled, etc., and information about the seller or buyer who conducted the transaction.

[0086] Matters related to the invalidation processing of environmental certificates include information on the face value of the bill after the swap transaction, including an unprocessed amount indicating the amount of electricity for which the processing has not been carried out, a processed amount indicating the amount of electricity for which the processing has been carried out, and a status indicating whether the processing has been carried out or not.

[0087] Matters relating to the supply certificate issuance processing include information on the face value of the bill after the swap transaction, including an unprocessed amount indicating the amount of electricity for which the processing has not been carried out, a processed amount indicating the amount of electricity for which the processing has been carried out, and a status indicating whether the processing has been carried out or not.

[0088] Such power sales bills and power purchase bills may enable the various transactions and processes described herein.

[0089] 23 and 24 are diagrams showing examples of environmental certificate sales bills and environmental certificate purchase bills. Environmental certificate sales bills and environmental certificate purchase bills include at least the following information: a bill ID, a time period (timestamp) during which the power supply or power consumption corresponding to the bill will occur, the face value of the power supply or power consumption corresponding to the bill, and a holder ID indicating the holder of the bill. Furthermore, environmental certificate sales bills and environmental certificate purchase bills may include information such as power supply and demand plan information, futures trading information, actual power supply and demand information, matters related to power swap transactions, matters related to environmental certificate invalidation processing, matters related to supply certificate issuance processing, etc.

[0090] The electricity supply and demand plan information includes at least the ID of the electricity supplier or consumer corresponding to the bill, and the planned power generation amount or planned demand amount. Based on this information, the face value of the bill before the futures transaction and the holder ID are determined. Furthermore, the electricity supply and demand plan information may include information such as the name of the electricity supplier or consumer corresponding to the bill, the ID and type of the power source and additional equipment, the smart meter ID, and the location and site number of the supplier or consumer.

[0091] The futures trading information includes at least the following information: an order ID indicating an order for buying or selling a bill; an order quantity indicating the amount of electricity to be bought or sold; the ID of the contracted transaction; an agreed quantity indicating the amount of electricity to be bought or sold in the transaction; and the ID of the seller or buyer in the transaction. Based on this information, the face value of the bill and the holder ID before the settlement of the futures transaction and the spot transaction are rewritten after the futures transaction. Furthermore, the futures trading information may include information such as a quantity type indicating the amount of electricity to be bought or sold relative to the planned power generation amount; transaction terms imposed on the seller and buyer in the transaction, such as the provision / receive conditions for the amount of electricity actually generated / consumed; fluctuation risk, indicating the risk of fluctuations in the amount of electricity generated or consumed and the associated discount rate; output curtailment risk, indicating the risk that the amount of electricity generated or consumed to be bought or sold will be subject to output curtailment control; a transaction status, indicating whether the transaction is uncontracted, contracted, or canceled; and the name of the seller or buyer.

[0092] The electricity supply and demand record information includes at least information on the seller's actual power generation amount or the buyer's actual power consumption amount, which indicates the amount of electricity actually generated / consumed by the seller or buyer. Based on this information, the face value of the bill before the spot transaction is rewritten after the futures transaction is settled. Furthermore, the electricity supply and demand record information may include information such as the status of the futures transaction, indicating whether it is unsettled or settled, the seller's or buyer's ID or name, and the face value of the bill after settlement.

[0093] The spot transaction information includes at least the following information: an order ID indicating an order for buying or selling a bill; an order quantity indicating the amount of electricity to be bought or sold; the ID of the transaction in which the transaction is agreed; an agreed quantity indicating the amount of electricity agreed to be bought or sold in the transaction; and the ID of the seller or buyer in the transaction. Based on this information, the face value of the bill and the holder ID are rewritten after the spot transaction. Furthermore, the spot transaction information may include a status indicating non-participation / non-contract / contract / cancellation of the transaction, as well as information on the seller or buyer who conducted the transaction. Note that if a party does not participate in a spot transaction of an environmental certificate, the spot transaction information only includes status information indicating non-participation in the transaction, as shown in the example.

[0094] The items related to the invalidation processing of environmental certificates include information on the face value of the bill after the spot transaction, such as the unprocessed amount indicating the amount of electricity for which the processing has not been carried out, the processed amount indicating the amount of electricity for which the processing has been carried out, and the status indicating whether the processing has been carried out or not.

[0095] Matters relating to the supply certificate issuance processing include information on the face value of the bill after the spot transaction, including the unprocessed amount indicating the amount of electricity that has not yet been processed, the processed amount indicating the amount of electricity that has been processed, and the status indicating whether the processing has been completed or not.

[0096] Such environmental certificate sales and purchase bills can enable the various transactions and processes described herein.

[0097] Figure 25 shows an example of a transaction conducted on this trading and control platform. For electricity, futures transactions were conducted under the condition that seller A's actual power generation amount was the upper limit, and buyer X's actual power consumption amount was the upper limit, with the counterparties guaranteeing the sales or purchase amount, including the utilization of third-party adjustment capacity. For environmental certificates, futures transactions were conducted under the condition that the expected power generation amount was the upper limit, and certificates were delivered for the lesser of the actual power generation amount or the actual power consumption amount. F11: Here, seller A concluded an environmental certificate sales transaction with buyer X for 400 kWh, below the expected power generation amount of 500 kWh, but the actual power generation amount was even lower at 320 kWh, 80 kWh below this. F12: In response, buyer X purchased 140 kWh from another seller D in a spot transaction, including the unsuccessful delivery from seller A. F13: buyer X retroactively procured electricity from seller A through a retroactive power swap transaction. This established a P2P transaction for renewable energy electricity between Seller A and Buyer X. F14: Seller A obtained proof that 85% of the renewable energy electricity was sold to Buyer X. F15: Buyer X also obtained a pure renewable energy electricity consumption certificate for 320 kWh and a composite renewable energy electricity consumption certificate for 140 kWh, achieving a renewable energy electricity consumption ratio of 85%. Behind the success of the P2P transaction was the ability of Buyer Y and Seller B to adjust electricity supply and demand, which allowed them to transfer the renewable energy supply and demand risk to thermal power generation.

[0098] Figure 26 illustrates another example of a transaction conducted on this trading and control platform. For electricity, futures trading was conducted under the condition that seller A's actual power generation amount was the upper limit, and buyer X's actual power consumption amount was the upper limit, with the counterparty guaranteeing the sales or purchase amount, including utilizing third-party adjustment capacity. For environmental certificates, the upper limit was the projected power generation amount, and the transaction was on the condition that a certificate for the lesser of the actual power generation amount or the actual power consumption amount was delivered. F21: Here, seller A concluded an environmental certificate sales transaction with buyer X for a projected power generation amount of 500 kWh. Although the actual power generation amount exceeded this, buyer X's actual power consumption was 480 kWh, 20 kWh below this. F22: In response, seller A sold the entire amount, 70 kWh, consisting of the 20 kWh shortfall with buyer X and the 50 kWh overshoot in the actual power generation amount, to another buyer P in a spot transaction. F23: Furthermore, Buyer X retroactively procured electricity from Seller A through a retroactive power swap transaction. This established a P2P transaction of renewable energy electricity between Seller A and Buyer X. F24: Seller A obtained proof that it had sold 100% renewable energy electricity to Buyer X. F25: Furthermore, Buyer X obtained a pure renewable energy electricity consumption certificate for 480 kWh, achieving a 100% renewable energy electricity consumption ratio. Behind this achievement was the power supply and demand adjustment capabilities of Buyer Y and Seller B, which were able to absorb renewable energy supply and demand risks through flexible thermal power generation and supply and demand from large consumers.

[0099] Figure 27 shows an example of retroactive trading and environmental value trading for electricity consumed by a supply and demand entity. For electricity, Buyer X sets the actual power consumption as the upper limit and Seller B guarantees the sales volume. Supply and demand entity A acquires sales and purchase bills for the amount of electricity consumed based on the forecasted amount of electricity consumed. The environmental certificate is traded on the condition that the certificate is for the lesser of the actual power consumption or the actual power consumption, with the forecasted amount as the upper limit. F31: Here, supply and demand entity A concludes a sales transaction with Buyer X for an environmental certificate for 400 kWh of the forecasted 500 kWh of electricity consumed, but the actual value is 320 kWh, 80 kWh below this. F32: In response, Buyer X purchases the remaining 130 kWh from another seller, Seller C, in a spot transaction. F33: Buyer X also retroactively procures electricity from supply and demand entity A through a retroactive power swap transaction. As a result, a P2P transaction for 320 kWh of renewable energy electricity was established between supply demander A and purchaser X. F34: Supply demander A obtained proof that it had sold 100% of the renewable energy electricity to purchaser X. F35: Purchaser X also obtained a pure renewable energy electricity consumption certificate for 320 kWh and a composite renewable energy electricity consumption certificate for 130 kWh, achieving a renewable energy electricity consumption ratio of 100%.

[0100] (Preferred Trading) The trading and control platform can execute two-buyer preferred futures transactions in which, if a buyer's actual power consumption falls below the nominal amount agreed upon in the futures transaction, the seller can physically deliver the difference, the first-place surplus amount, to a third-party buyer (second-place buyer) under specified conditions. Furthermore, using a similar method as described above, the trading and control platform can execute three-buyer preferred futures transactions in which, if the second-place buyer's actual power consumption falls below the first-place surplus amount, the seller can physically deliver the difference, the second-place surplus amount, to a different buyer (third-place buyer) under specified conditions. Using a similar method, the trading and control platform can also execute preferred futures transactions in which four or more buyers participate. Furthermore, the trading and control platform can execute two-seller preferred futures transactions in which, if a seller's actual power generation falls below the nominal amount agreed upon in the futures transaction, the buyer can physically receive the difference, the first-place shortage amount, from a third-party seller (second-place seller) under specified conditions. Furthermore, using a similar method to that described above, the trading and control platform can execute a three-seller type preferred futures transaction in which, if the actual power consumption of the second-place seller falls below the face value amount, the difference, i.e., the second-place seller's shortfall, is purchased on the spot from a different seller (third-place seller) under specified conditions, and a similar method can be used to execute a preferred futures transaction in which four or more sellers participate.

[0101] Furthermore, the trading and control platform can execute priority transactions involving multiple sellers and multiple buyers, such that if a buyer's actual power consumption falls below the face value, the seller has the right to physically deliver the surplus to a third-party buyer (second-tier buyer) under specified conditions, while if the seller's actual power generation falls below the face value, the buyer has the right to physically receive the shortfall from the third-party seller (second-tier seller) under specified conditions. Furthermore, the trading and control platform can execute priority transactions between any number of sellers or more with different priorities and any number of buyers or more with different priorities, as shown in the flowchart of Figure 26. Furthermore, the futures trading control unit can execute priority transactions between any number of sellers or more and any number of buyers or more, at least one pair of which has the same priority, as shown in the flowchart of Figure 27.

[0102] 28 shows the main flowchart of a priority trade. First, a first round of trading is conducted for all combinations of seller Sx, who has a mutually first priority, placing a sell order for a positive certificate quantity Q(Sx), and buyer Dy, who has a mutually first priority, placing a buy order for a positive certificate quantity Q(Dy). For a combination of seller Sx and buyer Dy, who have a mutually first priority, if the value (T) obtained by subtracting the buy order quantity Q(Dy) from the sell order quantity Q(Sx) is zero or negative, Sx sells all of its certificate quantity Q(Sx) and terminates trading. On the other hand, if the value (T) is positive, Sx executes a contract for Q(Dy) in this round, and if it does not have a lower priority corresponding to the second round or later, it terminates trading by leaving the remaining amount Q(Sx) - Q(Dy). If there is a lower priority, the buyer Dy carries over the remaining sell order amount Q(Sx)-Q(Dy) from this round and redefines it as the sell order amount Q(Sx) for the next round. On the other hand, if the value (T) is positive or zero, the buyer Dy executes all of the buy order amount Q(Dy) and ends trading in this round. On the other hand, if the value (T) is negative, Dy executes Q(Sx) in this round, and if there is no lower priority corresponding to the second round or later, ends trading leaving the remaining amount Q(Dy)-Q(Sx). If there is a priority, the remaining buy order amount Q(Dy)-Q(Sx) from this round is carried over and redefined as the buy order amount Q(Dy) for the next round. Next, the second round of trading is conducted for all combinations of Sx with a positive sell order amount Q(Sx) and Dy with a positive buy order amount (Dy), which have second priority relative to each other. At this time, if Q(Dy) of the combination partner for Sx and Q(Sx) of the combination partner for Dy are not positive, the transaction cannot be carried out, so if the trader does not have a lower priority, the transaction ends there, but if the trader has a lower priority, the transaction proceeds to the round corresponding to the lower priority. From the second round onwards, the same processing as in the first round is carried out, focusing on the value (T) obtained by subtracting the buy order quantity Q(Dy) from the sell order quantity Q(Sx) in each combination of the round, and if all order quantities are contracted or if the trader does not have a lower priority, the transaction ends in that round, and otherwise proceeds to the next round.In this way, unless all traders have completed the contract of all order quantities, processing continues up to the round with the lowest priority, completing all priority transactions. Note that in the above-mentioned priority transactions, multiple certificate sellers may have the same sales priority to the same certificate buyer, and multiple certificate buyers may have the same purchase priority from the same certificate seller. In this case, the total contract quantity may be divided proportionally among traders with the same priority according to their respective order quantities. Figure 29 shows a flow assuming that there are n electricity suppliers (certificate sellers) and m electricity consumers (certificate buyers) with the same priority. Here, n >= 1 and m >= 1. The value (T) is defined as follows:

[0103]

[0104] If the value (T) is zero or negative, a certificate seller x with the relevant priority will conclude sales transactions with all electricity consumers (certificate buyers) for a total of Q(Sx) and terminate the transactions. In this case, the contract amount between certificate seller x and a certificate buyer y is expressed by the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] On the other hand, if the value (T) is positive, the total amount is agreed with all certificate purchasers as the amount expressed by the following formula.

[0107]

[0108] In this case, the individual contract amount between the certificate seller x and a certain certificate purchaser y is expressed by the following formula:

[0109] If the certificate seller x does not have a lower priority, the preferential transaction ends with the remaining unsold amount expressed by the following formula: On the other hand, if the certificate seller x has a lower priority, the remaining unsold amount is carried over and redefined as the sell order amount Q(Sx) for the next round onwards.

[0110]

[0111] On the other hand, if the value (T) of the certificate purchaser y having the priority is positive or zero, the certificate purchaser y concludes a purchase transaction with all the certificate sellers for a total of Q(Dy) and completes the transaction. In this case, the individual contract amount of the certificate purchaser y with a certain certificate seller x is expressed by the following formula:

[0112]

[0113] On the other hand, if the value (T) is negative, the certificate purchaser agrees with all certificate sellers to an amount expressed by the following formula as the total amount.

[0114]

[0115] In this case, the individual contract amount of the certificate purchaser y with a certain certificate seller x is expressed by the following formula:

[0116]

[0117] If the certificate purchaser y does not have a lower priority, the preferential transaction is terminated leaving the remaining purchase amount expressed by the following formula: On the other hand, if the certificate purchaser y has a lower priority, the remaining purchase amount is carried over and redefined as the purchase order amount Q(Dy) for the next round onwards.

[0118]

[0119] (Details of Priority Transaction) Figures 30 to 32 are sequence diagrams showing an example of a procedure that can realize the above-mentioned priority transaction, etc. Below, priority transaction will be described in detail with reference to Figures 30 to 32, etc.

[0120] FIG. 30 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for accepting or updating a trading order. First, each user (seller or buyer) can send sell order information or buy order information from their terminal to the transceiver of the trading and control platform. The sell order information or buy order information can include information such as the bill / certificate ID of the bill / certificate, etc., the buyer / seller ID indicating the buyer or seller of the bill / certificate, the power generation / consumption time period (current period), the current period's trading volume, the trading price, the trading block, the order arrival order, the desired trading price (standard price, upper limit price, lower limit price, etc.), the desired trading volume (standard volume, upper limit volume, lower limit volume, etc.), the desired trading partner, the desired trading order, and the risk of the transaction not being completed. The risk of the transaction not being completed from the buyer's perspective can be calculated, for example, as shown in Table (e) below (all units are %).

[0121]

[0122] That is, in the above example, probabilities a and b are calculated from the seller's or buyer's past power generation and consumption data, transaction history data, weather data, etc. Probability c is calculated by subtracting the probability e that a higher priority party will actually consume the seller's electricity from 100%. Probability d is calculated as the product of probability b and probability c. Probability e is calculated as the sum of probability d and probability d for higher priority parties. Note that the risk of a transaction not being concluded from the seller's perspective can be calculated, for example, by reversing the relationships between buyer and seller, and consumption and supply (power generation) in the table above (see table below).

[0123]

[0124] The processor that receives each piece of order information as described above from the transmitter / receiver can assign a priority to each piece of order information based on information contained in each piece of order information, such as the order arrival order, desired trading price, desired trading volume, desired trading ranking, risk of trade not being executed, etc. Here, market trading such as auctions and intraday trading can be realized depending on the type of order information that determines the priority of each order and its weighting.

[0125] The processor may assign the same priority to multiple orders, thereby enabling the following transaction. For example, suppose 100 prosumer households living in the same town are seeking to use their electricity and environmental certificates for their own consumption within the town. In this case, as an eighth type of transaction, each of the 100 prosumers may become the first-priority seller to all 100 households, and each of the 100 prosumers may become the first-priority buyer from all 100 households. Furthermore, in case the 100 households are unable to consume all of their electricity, the seller may enter into contracts with another 200 prosumers outside the town as buyers with a priority of 101. In case the 200 households are unable to consume all of their electricity, the 100 prosumers may also publicly announce their availability and enter into electricity and environmental certificate transaction contracts with each of the 100 prosumers as buyers with a priority of 301. On the other hand, in case the 100 households are unable to generate enough electricity for all households, the purchaser can enter into contracts with another 200 prosumers outside the town as sellers with the 101st priority. In case the 200 households are unable to generate enough electricity, the 100 prosumers can also publicly announce the transaction and enter into electricity and environmental certificate trading contracts with each of the 100 prosumers as sellers with the 301st priority. This approach supports the construction of a distributed renewable energy power system with integrated supply and demand through cluster microgrid trading, which prioritizes matching supply and demand of renewable energy with close proximity and gradually expands the scope of interchange. For example, suppose a company building a large factory in a certain area seeks to purchase electricity and environmental certificates from 100 prosumers living in the same town as part of its contribution to the local community.In this case, as a transaction of Type 6 or Type 8, the business operator would be the purchaser, and 100 households would all be the first-priority sellers, and would enter into futures contracts for electricity and environmental certificates, respectively. In case the 100 households are unable to generate all the electricity they need, the purchaser would enter into contracts with another 200 prosumer households outside the town as sellers with a 101st priority. In case the 200 households are still unable to generate all the electricity they need, the purchaser would also make a public announcement and enter into electricity and environmental certificate contracts with the business operator as sellers with a 301st priority.

[0126] Each user (seller or buyer) can also update the order information of the sell order or buy order that they have placed by transmitting sell order information or buy order information from their terminal to the transceiver unit of the trading and control platform. The sell order information or buy order information transmitted from the terminal by each user (seller or buyer) in this way is integrated and ranked by the processor and recorded in the memory unit as order data.

[0127] FIG. 31 is a sequence diagram showing the procedure for calculating and extracting information indicating the order status from each piece of order information and notifying each user. As shown in FIG. 30, the sell order information or buy order information transmitted from each user's (seller or buyer) terminal to the transceiver is recorded as integrated order data in the memory of the trading and control platform. The processor can calculate or extract information indicating the overall order status (order status information) based on the order data and add it to the order information. The information indicating the overall order status includes, for example, various expected values, upper and lower limits, averages, and medians of desired transaction prices and desired transaction quantities for each priority, and other information that serves as a basis for judging the market value of each order, but is not limited to the listed items. Next, the processor can transmit the order information to which the order status information has been added and integrated to each user's (seller or buyer) terminal via the transceiver. In other words, the mechanism shown in FIG. 31 allows each user (seller or buyer) to check their own and others' order information using their terminal. A seller or a buyer can view information about all or some of the above-mentioned sell or buy orders of other sellers or buyers up to the time of placing the sell or buy order. After checking their own and other buyers' order information, each user (seller or buyer) can resend the sell or buy order information changed on their terminal to the transceiver of the trading and control platform, thereby updating the order information, including the desired transaction price (standard price, upper limit price, lower limit price, etc.) and desired transaction quantity (standard quantity, upper limit quantity, lower limit quantity, etc.) for each priority of the sell or buy order they placed. The sequences shown in Figures 30 and 31 can be repeated until a predetermined time has elapsed. That is, each user (seller or buyer) can repeatedly update the order information of their sell or buy order until a predetermined time has elapsed while checking their own and other buyers' order information. This allows each user (seller or buyer) to update the transaction terms and conditions as appropriate based on their own and other buyers' order information, facilitating adjustments of supply and demand and prices in the market.

[0128] FIG. 32 is a sequence diagram showing the execution of transaction processing. The processor performs transaction processing based on the order data and power generation consumption record data stored in the storage unit. Specifically, for transactions in which the terms of sale and purchase are met based on the order information and power generation consumption record data, the processor can rewrite the face value and holder ID of the bill or certificate involved in the transaction while adding information indicating a transaction agreement to the order information. In this case, the processor can process each transaction order according to the priority included in the order information, following the flow charts shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 . Furthermore, for transactions in which the terms of sale and purchase are not met based on the order information and power generation consumption record data, the processor can add information indicating a transaction not yet concluded (and a transaction cancellation) to the order information. Through the above-described processing, each order information with the information indicating a transaction agreement or a transaction not yet concluded is recorded in the storage unit as transaction record data. Based on the transaction record data, the processor can transmit information indicating the transaction result to each user's terminal via the transceiver unit. The information indicating the transaction result can include the order information that was the basis of the transaction, fluctuations in the face value and holder ID of the bill or certificate that is the subject of the transaction, the buyer ID (or seller ID) of the transaction counterparty, information on whether the transaction has been concluded or not, etc. In other words, the system shown in Figure 32 allows each user (seller or buyer) to check the transaction status using a terminal.

[0129] Based on the above-described mechanism, for example, the transaction types shown in FIG. 33 can be realized.

[0130] (Unilateral seller-side contract with multiple buyers) A two-party unilateral seller contract (Type 2) may be concluded in which the seller guarantees the physical delivery of an agreed-upon face value of environmental certificates, while the buyer is not obligated to do so. If the actual amount of energy consumed falls below the face value, the buyer purchases (receives) an amount of environmental certificates (electricity volume in the case of electricity futures trading) with a face value equivalent to the actual amount of energy consumed at a predetermined unit price. Furthermore, as a third type, a three-party or more preferred contract (Type 3) with multiple buyers may be executed in which, if the actual amount of energy consumed by the buyer falls below the agreed-upon face value, the seller has the right to physically deliver the difference between the agreed-upon face value and the actual amount of energy consumed to a third-party buyer under specified conditions.

[0131] (Example of a Priority Transaction with a Unilateral Seller and Multiple Buyers) While various transaction methods are possible, one possible transaction method is a contract that ensures priority under specified conditions on a first-come, first-served basis. That is, this method can be realized by adding the priority of each order to each piece of order information based on the order arrival information contained in each piece of order information when accepting or updating a transaction order as shown in FIG. 29. In this case, the transaction method may be a bilateral transaction or a market transaction such as an auction or intraday trading. For example, in a bilateral transaction, a seller may issue a sales announcement to an unspecified number of electricity consumers. In this case, for example, if five electricity consumers (purchasers) (A-E) have already submitted purchase orders for a priority transaction in response to the sales announcement and each has secured first through fifth priority, a new electricity consumer (purchaser F) submitting a purchase order for a priority transaction will be granted sixth priority. If the total actual power consumption of the first through fifth priority electricity consumers (purchasers) falls below the agreed face value in the third type or the actual power generation amount in the eighth type, Purchaser F may receive an equivalent amount of environmental certificates, up to the difference. The roles of the buyer and seller can also be reversed. For example, in a bilateral transaction, a buyer may submit a purchase announcement to an unspecified number of sellers. In this case, for example, if five electricity suppliers (sellers) (A-E) have already placed sell orders for priority transactions in response to the purchase notice and have each obtained first to fifth places, then an electricity supplier (seller F) that newly places a sell order for priority transactions will obtain sixth place in the priority transactions, and if the total of the actual power generation amounts of the electricity suppliers (sellers) from first to fifth places falls below the agreed face value in the sixth type, or the actual power consumption amount in the eighth type, seller F may be able to deliver an equivalent amount of environmental certificates, with the difference as the upper limit.

[0132] (Preferential Transactions with Multiple Buyers and Multiple Sellers) A seventh type of contract may be a contract in which the smaller of the seller's actual power generation amount and the buyer's actual power consumption amount is transferred using a predetermined transaction method. Furthermore, an eighth type of contract may be a non-committal contract with the same content as the eighth type, except that if the buyer's actual power consumption amount falls below the face value, the seller has the right to physically transfer the surplus to a third-party buyer under specified conditions, and if the seller's actual power generation amount falls below the face value, the buyer has the right to physically receive the shortfall from the third-party seller under specified conditions. In other words, a three- or more-party preferred transaction (Type 8) with multiple buyers may be executed in which, if the actual power consumption amount required to invalidate or offset the buyer falls below the seller's actual power generation amount, the seller has the right to physically transfer the difference between the actual power generation amount and the actual power consumption amount to a third-party buyer under specified conditions.

[0133] (Example of a preferred transaction with multiple sellers and multiple buyers) As an applied transaction method described above, in the eighth type of transaction, the seller may conduct transactions with second- and subsequent buyers regardless of the conclusion of a transaction with the first-priority buyer, while the buyer may conduct transactions with second- and subsequent buyers regardless of the conclusion of a transaction with the first-priority buyer. For example, a seller may, as the last buyer who can be sure of receiving electricity, announce a sale at a unit price significantly lower than the sales unit price to the first-priority buyer before concluding a transaction with the first-priority buyer, with a pumped-storage power plant or power storage plant operator as the second-priority buyer. On the other hand, a buyer, as the last seller who can be sure to receive electricity, may announce a purchase price significantly higher than the purchase price to the first-priority seller, with a pumped storage power plant or energy storage plant operator as the second-priority seller, before a transaction with the first-priority seller is concluded, and may enter into a preferential transaction with the second-priority seller through a first-come, first-served bilateral transaction or an auction transaction with this price as the upper limit. This allows sellers to secure receivers with a high probability, buyers who obtain first priority to secure suppliers with a high probability, and pumped storage power plant or energy storage plant operators with fewer time constraints to obtain electricity or environmental certificates at low prices. On the other hand, buyers can secure suppliers with a high probability, sellers who obtain first priority to secure receivers with a high probability, and pumped storage power plant or energy storage plant operators with fewer time constraints can sell electricity or environmental certificates at high prices.

[0134] (Group Trading) The processor can execute group trading processing in which multiple electricity suppliers (sellers) form a group, combine electricity sales bills or environmental certificate sales bills corresponding to the amount of electricity generated by all or some of the power plants belonging to the group, and accept sell orders as a single seller. The processor can execute group trading processing in which multiple electricity consumers (purchasers) form a group, combine electricity purchase bills or environmental certificate purchase bills corresponding to the amount of electricity consumed by all or some of the consumer facilities belonging to the group, and accept buy orders as a single buyer. Note that an electricity retail company may also be considered a single seller or buyer.

[0135] (Commodity Trading) Figure 34 shows an example of commodity trading in which certificates with the same product characteristics are used as commodity products. As a type of group trading, the processor can block the planned power generation amount by time period of each power supplier (seller) into small units of power, assign a realization probability to each block, and bundle power sales bills or environmental certificate sales bills for power blocks with similar realization probabilities from different power suppliers, and accept bulk sell orders. For example, a collection of power blocks with a realization probability of 90% or more or corresponding bills or certificates can be grouped together as a prime certificate, and a collection of power blocks with a realization probability of less than 20% or corresponding bills or certificates can be grouped together as a subprime certificate. This reduces the fluctuation risk of individual power plants. As a type of group trading, the processor can block the planned power consumption by each power consumer (purchaser) by time period into small units of power, assign a probability of realization to each block, and accept bulk sell orders for power purchase bills or environmental certificate purchase bills for power blocks with similar realization probabilities from different power consumers. The processor can also execute commodity trading processing for electricity or environmental certificates with the same attributes as commodities. For example, the same regional agricultural cooperative can classify vegetables such as bell peppers into three grades (S, A, and B) and treat them as the same grade of commodity from the same agricultural cooperative regardless of which farm they are shipped from, and trade them at different prices for each grade. Similarly, the processor can rate each power plant on a five-point scale based on social and environmental stresses such as landscape and safety, as well as the level of management and technical capabilities of the power supply and power consumers, and trade environmental values ​​with the same grade in the same region as the same commodity.

[0136] On the premise of conducting the above-mentioned group transactions and commodity transactions, the processor can add a collective transaction ID to each piece of bill / certificate data included in a set of multiple bill / certificate data to be traded. In other words, the processor can process a set of multiple bill / certificate data to which a collective transaction ID has been added as a single piece of bill / certificate data linked to the collective transaction ID, thereby conducting a transaction in the same manner as trading a single piece of bill / certificate data.

[0137] It should be noted that the configurations and functions shown in the above embodiments are merely examples and can be modified in various ways based on design requirements and the like.

[0138] 1 Processor 2 Storage unit 3 Transmitter / receiver SM Smart meter DPS Seller terminal DC Buyer terminal

Claims

1. A system including a processor, a storage unit, and a transmission / reception unit, wherein the processor generates and stores in the storage unit environmental certificate sales bill data linked with a time stamp, a face value, and a holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked with a time stamp, a face value, and a holder ID, based on power supply and demand plan information indicating a power generation plan and a power consumption plan for each time period; and copies the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and stores in the storage unit, based on futures trading information received by the transmission / reception unit; and copies the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and stores in the storage unit, thereby executing a futures transaction of an environmental certificate; a control device which rewrites the face value of the environmental certificate sales bill data and the environmental certificate purchase bill data to an actual value based on the electricity supply and demand actual information received by the transmission and reception unit, and settles the futures transaction of the environmental certificate; and which copies the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and stores the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data in the memory unit, based on the spot transaction information received by the transmission and reception unit, and contracts the spot transaction of the environmental certificate; 2. A system including a processor, a storage unit, and a transmission / reception unit, wherein the processor generates and stores in the storage unit the following based on power supply and demand plan information indicating a power generation plan and a power consumption plan for each time period: power sales bill data linked to a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; power purchase bill data linked to a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; environmental certificate sales bill data linked to a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked to a timestamp, a face amount, and a holder ID; and stores in the storage unit the following based on futures trading information received by the transmission / reception unit: copy the power sales bill data, rewrite the face amount of the copied power sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied power sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store the data in the storage unit; copying the electricity purchasing bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied electricity purchasing bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied electricity purchasing bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the storage unit; copying the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the buyer's ID, and storing the data in the storage unit; and copying the environmental certificate purchasing bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the storage unit; contracting the futures trading of electricity and environmental certificates; rewriting the face values ​​of the electricity sales bill data, the electricity purchase bill data, and the environmental certificate sales bill data, and the environmental certificate purchase bill data to actual values ​​based on the electricity supply and demand record information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, and settling the futures transactions of the electricity and the environmental certificate;A control device that, based on spot transaction information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, copies the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the buyer's ID, and stores the data in the storage unit, and copies the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and stores the data in the storage unit, thereby concluding a spot transaction of an environmental certificate; and, based on swap transaction information received by the transmitting and receiving unit, rewrites the holder ID of the electricity sales bill data and the electricity purchase bill data, and stores the data in the storage unit, thereby concluding a retroactive swap transaction of electricity; 3. The processor further issues renewable energy electricity consumption certificate data based on the results of a search in the memory unit for electricity sales bill data that satisfies the conditions corresponding to the environmental certificate sales bill data, based on the environmental certificate invalidation information received by the transceiver unit; the control device described in claim 2.

4. The processor further issues renewable energy electricity supply certificate data in response to a search result in the memory unit for electricity purchasing bill data that satisfies conditions corresponding to the environmental certificate purchasing bill data based on the supply certificate issuance information received by the transceiver unit; the control device described in claim 2.

5. The processor further, based on the secondary spot transaction information received by the transceiver unit, copies the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and stores the data in the memory unit; copies the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrites the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrites the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and stores the data in the memory unit; and deletes timestamps in the copied environmental certificate sales bill data and the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data, thereby completing the secondary spot transaction of the environmental certificate; a control device as described in claim 1 or 2.

6. The processor further calculates, for each power consumer or each power supplier, a renewable energy power unit price based on the agreed unit price of electricity and the agreed unit price of an environmental certificate corresponding to the electricity, based on the output control information and futures trading information received by the transceiver, and selects controlled equipment of the power consumer or the power supplier in order of lowest renewable energy power unit price until the sum of the agreed amounts of electricity reaches the required output control amount; and the transceiver transmits an output control signal to a smart meter associated with the controlled equipment selected by the processor. The control device described in claim 2.

7. When receiving power supply and demand plan information showing a power generation plan and a power consumption plan for each time period, generate environmental certificate sales bill data linked to a face value and a holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked to a face value and a holder ID based on the power supply and demand plan information, and store them in the storage unit; when receiving futures trading information, copy the environmental certificate sales bill data based on the futures trading information, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store them in the storage unit; and copy the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and store them in the storage unit, thereby entering into a futures transaction for the environmental certificate; A method for causing a computer to execute the above steps: when receiving electricity supply and demand record information, rewriting the face value of the environmental value sales bill data and the environmental value purchasing bill data to an actual value based on the electricity supply and demand record information; when receiving spot transaction information, based on the spot transaction information, copying the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and storing the data in the memory unit; and copying the environmental certificate purchasing bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and storing the data in the memory unit, thereby concluding the spot transaction of the environmental certificate.

8. When receiving power supply and demand plan information showing the power generation plan and power consumption plan for each time period, generate environmental certificate sales bill data linked to a face value and a holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked to a face value and a holder ID based on the power supply and demand plan information, and store them in the storage unit; when receiving futures trading information, copy the environmental certificate sales bill data based on the futures trading information, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store them in the storage unit; and copy the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and store them in the storage unit, thereby contracting the futures trading of the environmental certificate; A program for causing a computer to execute the following: when receiving electricity supply and demand record information, rewriting the face value of the environmental value sales bill data and the environmental value purchasing bill data to actual values ​​based on the electricity supply and demand record information; when receiving spot transaction information, based on the spot transaction information, copying the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, storing the data in the memory unit, and copying the environmental certificate purchasing bill data, rewriting the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the contracted amount, rewriting the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, storing the data in the memory unit, thereby concluding the spot transaction of the environmental certificate.

9. When receiving power supply and demand plan information showing the power generation plan and power consumption plan for each time period, generate environmental certificate sales bill data linked to a face value and a holder ID, and environmental certificate purchase bill data linked to a face value and a holder ID based on the power supply and demand plan information, and store them in the storage unit; when receiving futures trading information, copy the environmental certificate sales bill data based on the futures trading information, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store them in the storage unit; and copy the environmental certificate purchase bill data, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchase bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and store them in the storage unit, thereby contracting the futures trading of the environmental certificate; a storage medium having recorded thereon a program for causing a computer to execute the above-mentioned steps: when receiving electricity supply and demand record information, rewrite the face value of the environmental value sales bill data and the environmental value purchasing bill data to actual values ​​based on the electricity supply and demand record information; when receiving spot transaction information, based on the spot transaction information, copy the environmental certificate sales bill data, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate sales bill data to the same value as the purchaser's ID, and store the data in the memory unit; and copy the environmental certificate purchasing bill data, rewrite the face value of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the contract amount, rewrite the holder ID of the copied environmental certificate purchasing bill data to the same value as the seller's ID, and store the data in the memory unit, thereby concluding the spot transaction of the environmental certificate.

10. The processor generates order data based on the order information received by the transmitter / receiver unit, the order data including at least information for each order, such as the order ID, the ID of the bill data to be traded, the ID of the buyer or seller who sent the order, the order arrival order, the desired trading price, the desired trading quantity, and the desired priority, and stores the order data in the memory unit; further, the processor generates priority information for each order based on the order arrival order, the desired trading price, the desired trading quantity, or the desired priority information for each order included in the order data, and adds this information to the order data to determine the priority of each order; and executes the futures transaction or the spot transaction using the priority of each order based on the order data and the futures transaction information or the spot transaction information; A control device as described in claim 1 or 2.

11. The control device described in claim 10, wherein the processor extracts order status information including information on the upper limit, lower limit, average or median of the desired transaction price or the upper limit, lower limit, average or median of the desired transaction quantity based on the order data stored in the memory unit and adds it to the order data; further, the processor transmits the order data to a seller's or buyer's terminal via the transceiver unit; 12. The control device described in claim 10, wherein the processor generates information on the risk of transaction failure for each order based on the priority of each order contained in the order data stored in the memory unit, power generation / consumption history data, transaction history data, and weather data, and adds the information to the order data; further, the processor transmits the order data to a seller's or buyer's terminal via the transceiver unit; 13. The control device described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the processor adds a collective transaction ID to each bill / certificate data included in a set of multiple bill / certificate data to be the subject of a transaction, and processes the set of bill / certificate data to which the collective transaction ID has been added as a single bill / certificate data linked to the collective transaction ID.