IBV ATTENUATED WITH EXTENDED CELL AND TISSUE CULTURE TROPISM

Abstract

The present invention relates, among other things, to an IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any IBV descendant thereof, and any IBV having all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an immunogenic composition comprising said deposited IBV.

Description

The present invention relates, among other things, to an IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any IBV descendant thereof, and any IBV having all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an immunogenic composition comprising said deposited IBV. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the prototype gammacoronavirus of the family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales. IBV infects the upper respiratory epithelium of chickens, causing respiratory disease, which is often complicated by secondary bacterial pathogens (Cook et al. 2012. Avian Pathol. 41:239-250). Additionally, some IBV strains affect the renal tubules, oviduct, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in pathological lesions and clinical signs in these organ systems. The virus is present globally in both commercial and backyard chickens. Due to its high genomic variability, IBV is divided into a wide variety of genotypes, serotypes, and protectotypes. Currently, IBV is considered one of the most economically relevant viral pathogens in the poultry industry. Infectious bronchitis virus is an enveloped virus with a 27.6 kb positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome (Cavanagh 2007. Vet. Res. 38:281-297). The first two-thirds of the viral genome comprise a large coding region (also called gene 1), divided into two open reading frames, 1a and 1b, which encode at least 15 nonstructural proteins involved in RNA replication, editing, and transcription. The last third of the viral genome encodes structural proteins: the spike protein (S, encoded by gene 2), the envelope protein (E, encoded by gene 3c), the membrane protein (M, encoded by gene 4), and the nucleocapsid protein (N, encoded by gene 6). The S, E, and M proteins are part of the viral envelope, while the N protein, along with the viral RNA, forms the nuclear ribonucleoprotein. The spike protein of the coronavirus determines the tropism of the host species (Kuo et al. 2000. J. Virol.74:1393-1406). It is a dimeric or trimeric transmembrane protein that is proteolytically cleaved into two subunits, S1 and S2. The glycosylated S1 domain forms the “head” of the spike protein and contains the receptor-binding domain that interacts with sialic acids via 2,3 linkages on the host cell surface (Promkuntod et al. 2014. Virology. 448:26-32). The S2 domain comprises the remaining part of the ectodomain (the “stem”), the transmembrane domain, and an endodomain located in the cytoplasm. The H52 and H120 strains of the live attenuated IBV vaccine, widely used today, were developed in the 1960s in the Netherlands by serially passing a Massachusetts strain of IBV into embryonated chicken eggs (Bijlenga et al. 2004; Avian Pathol. 33:550-557). These vaccine strains were also propagated in embryonated chicken eggs for vaccine production. Currently, IBV vaccines (both inactivated and live) are still propagated in embryonated chicken eggs, a complex and costly process. The only cell line-adapted IBV described to date is the Beaudette strain, which replicates efficiently in Vero and BHK cells. Casais et al. 2003 (J. Virol. 77; 9084-9089) showed that the Beaudette S protein is a determinant of cell line tropism by generating recombinant IBVs using ectodomain sequences from the Beaudette spike protein, which were able to transfer this extended cell line tropism to another IBV (M41). Fang et al. 2005 (Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication 336; pages 417-423) reported that the adaptation of Beaudette for propagation in Vero cells resulted in 49 amino acid modifications, 26 of which were located in the spike protein. However, recombinant IBVs with the Beaudette spike protein are not suitable as vaccines. Ellis et al. 2018 (J. Virol.92(23)) describe that recombinant Beaudette constructs with chimeric spikes with heterologous S1 subunits of M41 or QX in combination with the Beaudette spike S2 ​​subunit do not provide sufficient protection against homologous S1 exposures. Likewise, wild-type Beaudette does not provide protection against homologous exposure as other licensed vaccines belonging to the Massachusetts serotype (Hodgson et al 2004: J Virol 78:13804-13811 or Geilhausen et al 1973: Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung 40: 285-290). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Overall, administering IBV vaccines with extended cellular or tissue tropism by replacing the spike protein with a heterologous Beaudette spike protein (recombinant IBV) would not result in IBV vaccines that provide sufficient efficacy. With the Beaudette spike sequence, they would only protect against exposure to the Massachusetts serotype strain and would not offer cross-protection against other genotypes. Furthermore, the IBV of the present invention is not a GMO (genetically modified organism), unlike the recombinant IBVs disclosed in the prior art. Consequently, there is a need for effective IBV vaccines with extended cell or tissue tropism for efficient production. Preferably, these new IBV vaccines with extended cell or tissue tropism are non-recombinant vaccines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1: Immunofluorescence staining for cells infected by IB66HP EB66®. Figure 2: Immunofluorescence staining for IB66HP cells 72 hours after infection of different cell lines. Negative controls were included, but are not shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Before describing aspects of the present invention, it should be noted that, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include reference to the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, a reference to “an antigen” includes several antigens, and a reference to “virus” includes reference to one or more viruses and their equivalents known to persons of a mid-level skill, etc. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning that is commonly given to them by a person of a mid-level skill to which the invention pertains. While methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, preferred methods, devices, and materials are described below.All publications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of describing the cell lines, vectors, and methodologies indicated in the publications that may be used in connection with the invention. Nothing herein should be construed as an acknowledgment that the invention cannot precede such disclosure by virtue of a prior invention. Composition of interest The present invention solves the inherent problems of the prior art and provides a remarkable improvement in the state of the art. In general, the present invention provides an IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any IBV descended from this, or any IBV having all the identifying characteristics of the IBV deposited in DPS RE RSCIC 16. Furthermore, the present invention provides an IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any attenuated descendant IBV of that which has extended cellular or tissue tropism and which protects against exposure to virulent M41 or any attenuated IBV having extended cellular or tissue tropism and which protects against exposure to virulent M41. Advantageously, experimental data show that the deposited strain and its descendants have extended cellular or tissue tropism and are capable of infecting and / or replicating in different cell lines and tissue cells. Surprisingly, the deposited strain and its descendants maintain vaccine efficacy through at least several passages, but with improved safety. The deposited IBV strain (IB66HP) was deposited in the IZSLER BVR (Biobank of Veterinary Resources of the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e deH'Em¡l¡a Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” Biobank of Veterinary Resource) in accordance with the Budapest Treaty with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. The deposit or transfer date is March 28, 2019. The deposited microorganism was assessed as viable. The term “IBV” refers to the infectious bronchitis virus known to the average person in the trade. The term “IBV” encompasses all strains, genotypes, protectotypes, and serotypes of the infectious bronchitis virus. The expression “that protects against exposure to virulent M41” means that said IBV provides protection against exposure to or infection by virulent M41 through subjects vaccinated with said IBV. In a specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV is attenuated. The term “attenuated” refers to a pathogen that has reduced virulence compared to the wild-type isolate. In the present invention, an attenuated IBV is one in which virulence has been reduced so that it does not produce clinical signs of IBV infection but is capable of inducing an immune response in the target animal. It can also mean that clinical signs are reduced in incidence or severity in animals infected with attenuated IBV compared to a “control group” of animals infected with non-attenuated IBV that do not receive the attenuated virus. In this context, the term “reduce” refers to a reduction of at least 10%, preferably 25%, more preferably 50%, more preferably 60%, more preferably 70%, and more preferably... 80%, with greater preference, 90%, even more preferentially, 95%, and with maximum preference, 100% compared to the control group infected with the non-attenuated IBV described above. Therefore, an attenuated IBV strain is one that is suitable for incorporation into an immunogenic composition comprising a modified live IBV. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV is attenuated in one-day-old chickens. In another specific aspect of the IBV according to the present invention, the IBV is inactivated. For the purposes of the present invention, any conventional inactivation method may be used. Therefore, inactivation can be carried out by chemical and / or physical treatments known to persons of a mid-level skill. Preferred inactivation methods include the addition of cyclized binary ethyleneimine (BEI), which involves adding a solution of 2-bromoethyleneamine hydrobromide (BEA) that has been cyclized to binary ethyleneimine (BEI). Other preferred chemical inactivating agents include, but are not limited to, Triton X-100, sodium deoxycholate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, β-propiolactone, thimerosal, phenol, and formaldehyde (formalin). However, inactivation may also include a neutralization step. Preferred neutralizing agents include, but are not limited to, sodium thiosulfate, sodium bisulfite, and the like. Preferred formalin inactivation conditions include a formalin concentration of approximately 0.02% (v / v)–2.0% (v / v), with higher preference being approximately 0.1% (v / v)–1.0% (v / v), with even higher preference being approximately 0.15% (v / v)–0.8% (v / v), with even higher preference being approximately 0.16% (v / v)–0.6% (v / v), and with maximum preference being approximately 0.2% (v / v)–0.4% (v / v). The incubation time depends on the resistance of the IBV. In general, the inactivation process is carried out until no longer any IBV growth is detected in a suitable culture system. Preferably, the inactivated IBV of the present invention is inactivated with formalin, preferably using the concentrations described herein above. The inactivated IBV of the invention can be incorporated into liposomes using known technology, for example, as described in Nature, 1974, 252, 252-254 or Journal of Immunology, 1978, 120, 1109-13. In another embodiment of the invention, the inactivated IBV of the invention can be conjugated with suitable biological compounds, such as polysaccharides, peptides, proteins or the like, or a combination thereof. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV is non-recombinant. As used herein, the term “non-recombinant” refers to an RNA genome (or RNA sequence, cDNA sequence, or protein) that has not been modified (such as insertions, deletions, inversions, rearrangements, or point mutations) by human intervention. The term “non-recombinant,” when used with respect to a virus, means a virus not produced by artificial recombinant manipulation of the viral genome. The expression “non-recombinant virus” excludes genetically modified recombinant viruses. The expression “genetically engineered” refers to an IBV that has been mutated using “reverse genetics” approaches, involving either a chemically synthesized viral cDNA or RNA. The terms “protein,” “amino acid,” and “polypeptide” are often used interchangeably. The term “protein” refers to a sequence of amino acids composed of naturally occurring amino acids as well as derivatives thereof. Naturally occurring amino acids are known in the prior art and are described in standard biochemistry textbooks. Within the amino acid sequence, the amino acids are connected by peptide bonds. The two ends of the amino acid sequence are called the carboxyl terminus (C-terminus) and the amino terminus (N-terminus). The term “protein” includes essentially purified proteins or protein preparations that also include other proteins. The term also refers to protein fragments. Furthermore, it includes chemically modified proteins. Such modifications may be artificial or natural, such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, myristillation, and the like. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV is of a Massachusetts genotype or serotype. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains can be classified by serotype and genotype. Serotype classification involves treating the virus with neutralizing antibodies, while genotype classification typically involves analyzing the sequence of the S1 (spike) protein. However, the different IBV strains are generally known to those with a mid-level understanding of the profession. The infectious bronchitis virus was discovered in the United States in the 1930s. The first IBV serotype identified was Massachusetts, and it was the only serotype until the discovery of a different IBV serotype in 1956. Currently, IBV Mass (Massachusetts) viruses can be identified in many countries around the world. The Beaudette strain of IBV is of the Massachusetts type and was derived by following at least 150 passages in chicken embryos. The Beaudette strain of IBV was first isolated by Beaudette and Hudson (J. Am. Vet. Med. A. 90, 51-60, 1937) and transferred into chicken embryos. Other Massachusetts-type strains of IBV, besides Beaudette, are H120, H52, and M41. The H120 strain was transferred 120 times into embryonated chicken eggs. A person of intermediate skill knows where to obtain any strain of IBV. IBV strains can be purchased commercially, obtained from scientific institutions, or their genomes can be synthesized as complementary DNA, since IBV strains have been sequenced, and the sequences have been published and are therefore available. IBV strains can also be isolated from samples obtained from infected chickens. The methods for isolating and characterizing IBV strains are known to a person of intermediate skill. Valter Leonardo de Quadros 2011 (Dissertation, Das Infekcióse Bronchitis Virus (IBV): Molekularbiologische Untersuchungen zur Diagnostik und zum Vorkommen sowie zur Pathogenitát des Genotyps IBV QX in spezifisch pathogenfreien (SPF) Broilern, Freie Unlversitát Berlin) and Farsang et al. 2002 (Avian Pathology 31: 229-236) describe how to isolate and differentiate different strains of IBV. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV is an M41, H52oH120 strain. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV is an M41 strain. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV is an H52 or iviA / a / ¿u¿ ι / ui ¿ / ¿o strain H120. A mid-level professional knows where to obtain IBV M41, H52, or H120. For example, IBV H52 strains are commercially available, such as Nobilis IB H52 (MSD Animal Health), AviPro IB H52 (Lohmann Animal Health GmbH & Co. KG), Bronchovac (Ceva), and similar products. IBV H120 strains are also commercially available, such as BIORAL H120 (Boehringer Ingelheim), HatchPak IB H120 (Boehringer Ingelheim), AviPro IB H120 (Lohmann Animal Health GmbH & Co. KG), Poulvac IB H120 (Zoetis), and similar products. IBV M41 strains are commercially available, such as Volvac IB Fit (Boehringer Ingelheim). Furthermore, McDonald et al 1980 (Avain Pathology 9:245-259) reports that IBV H52 can be obtained by Central Veterinary Laboratory Rotterdam, Kusters (J.Gen Virol 68:343-352) reports that IBV H52 strains can be obtained from the Poultry Health Institute Dorn in the Netherlands (GD Animal Health), and Chen et al. 2007 (Avian Pathology 36(4):269-274) reports that IBV H52 strains can be obtained from the China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control. Furthermore, IBV M41, H52, or H120 strains have been used as vaccine strains for decades and can therefore be found and isolated from the field. The methods for isolating IBV M41, H52, or H12 strains and for characterizing IBV H52 strains are known to the average practitioner. By way of example, IBV H52 strains can be characterized as described in Zwaagstra et al 1992 (J. Clin. Microbiol. 30 (1): 79-84), Handberg et al 1999 (Avian Pathology 28: 327-335) or Callison et al 2006 (Journal of Virological Methods 138: 60-65).Zwaagstra et al. (1992) and Handberg et al. (1999), for example, disclose Massachusetts-specific primers (for the S and N proteins, respectively) for RT-PCR and sequencing, as well as reference sequences for comparison. Furthermore, H52 IBV has been sequenced, and genomic sequences are available, such as EU817497. Therefore, the viral genome can be generated by synthesizing its sequence and can be further generated using reverse genetics systems. Extended cellular or tissue tropism In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV has an extended cellular or tissue tropism. The person of intermediate skill is familiar with the expression “cellular or tissue.” The term “cellular” includes cell lines, such as the cell lines listed anywhere herein, as well as primary cells. The term “tissue” includes tissue cells, such as those listed anywhere herein, by way of example, such as primary cells from chicken embryos of the lung or liver, or primary chicken fibroblasts. It covers the propagation of cells or tissue (cells) in culture outside the organism. The term “culture” refers to the propagation of cells (such as cells from cell lines, primary cells, or tissue cells) outside the organism under specific culture conditions known to the person of intermediate skill. The term “extended tropism” means that the IBV of the invention can propagate in cells (such as cell lines) or tissue cells (in addition to primary cells from chicken kidney embryos). In contrast, IBV vaccines described in the prior art or wild-type IBVs not adapted to cells (cell-adapted Beaudette strains of IBV are described) can only propagate in embryonated chicken eggs or primary cells from chicken kidney embryos (after adaptation). Accordingly, an IBV of the invention with extended cell or tissue tropism has the ability to infect and / or replicate in one or more cell lines or tissue cells other than primary cells from chicken kidney embryos. Preferably, the IBV of the invention with extended cell or tissue tropism has the ability to infect and / or replicate in one or more cell lines listed herein.Consequently, an IBV with extended cell or tissue tropism can, for example, infect and / or replicate in PBS-12SF or HEK293T cells. Advantageously, experimental data show that the deposited strain and its descendants have extended cellular or tissue tropism, and are able to infect and replicate in different cell lines and tissue cells. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line or cells selected from the list consisting of: primary chicken embryo lung or liver cells or primary chicken fibroblasts, a chicken embryo fibroblast cell line, a duck embryonic stem cell line, a human embryonic kidney cell line, a baby hamster kidney cell line, an African green monkey kidney cell line, a rabbit kidney cell line, a canine kidney cell line, a chicken liver cell line, a bovine kidney cell line, a porcine kidney cell line, and an insect cell line. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of: DF-1 (Douglas Foster), EB66 (duck embryonic stem cell line), PBS-12, PBS-12SF (serum-free PBS-12), BHK21 (baby hamster kidney), HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney), Vero (Verda Reindeer), MA104, RK13 (rabbit kidney), LMH (male leghorn hepatoma), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney), MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney), PK15 (porcine kidney), PK2A (porcine kidney), SF9, SF21, and SF+ (Spodoptera frugiperda). In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, IBV infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of: DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104, MDCK, SF9 and RK13. All the cell lines mentioned are familiar to the average person in the trade and are commercially and / or publicly available. MDCK cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection under accession number ATCC CCL-34 or ATCC CRL-2285. DF-1 cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection under accession number ATCC CRL-12203. PBS-12SF cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection under accession number ATCC PTA-8565 or in RRID under CVCL1K17. BHK-21 cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection under accession number ATCC CCL-10. HEK 293T cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection with accession number ATCC CRL-3216. Vero cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection with accession number ATCC CCL-81.MA104 cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection with accession number ATCC CRL-2378. RK13 cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection with accession number ATCC CCL-37. SF9 cells are deposited, for example, in the American Tissue Culture Collection with accession number ATCC CRL-3357 or ATCC PTA-3099. Preferably, IBV infects and / or replicates in the BHK, Vero, MA104, MDCK, SF9 and RK13 cell lines. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, the primary cell of chicken embryos is a fibroblast or a cell derived from liver or lung tissue. Functional definition - protection In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, the IBV strain protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. The term “protective” or “protective immune response” or “protective immunity” is defined in another section of this document. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, protection against exposure to or infection by virulent M41 will be determined by ciliostasis rating, reduced respiratory tract clinical signs, reduced viral RNA load in kidney tissue, or reduced viral shedding. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, the attenuation of IBV increases compared to an IBV without extended cellular or tissue tropism. The term “attenuation improvement” means that the efficacy parameter (particularly ciliostasis, rales, egg drop, kidney lesions, watery diarrhea, weight loss, viral load, or viral shedding) is reduced by at least 10%, preferably by at least 20%, more preferably by at least 30%, even more preferably by at least 40%, even more preferably by at least 50%, even more preferably by at least 60%, even more preferably by at least 70%, even more preferably by at least 80%, even more preferably by at least 90%, even more preferably by at least 95%, and most preferably by 100%, compared to a subject immunized with an IBV without extended cell or tissue tropism of the same species. A person of average skill knows how to measure the improvement in efficacy parameters. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, the attenuation of IBV is increased compared to an IBV M41 without extended cellular or tissue tropism. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, the attenuation of IBV increases after application in one-day-old chickens compared to an IBV without extended cellular or tissue tropism. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, the attenuation of IBV increases after application in one-day-old chickens compared to an IBV M41 without extended cellular or tissue tropism. All identifying characteristics In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that said IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism, and protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. In another specific aspect of the IBV according to the present invention, all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that the IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism, and the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that the IBV is attenuated, infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, HBK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and has the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that the IBV is attenuated, infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. Descendant In another specific aspect of the IBV according to the present invention, the descendant comprises up to 15 passages in the cell culture of the IBV deposited in the BVR of IZSLER with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. In another specific aspect of the IBV according to the present invention, the descendant comprises up to 10 passages in the cell culture of the IBV deposited in the BVR of IZSLER with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. In another specific aspect of the IBV according to the present invention, the descendant comprises up to 5 passages in the cell culture of the IBV deposited in the BVR of IZSLER with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. Advantageously, experimental data show that the deposited strain, as well as its descendants, have extended cellular or tissue tropism and are capable of infecting and / or replicating in different cell lines and tissue cells. Surprisingly, the deposited strain and its descendants maintain vaccine efficacy for at least several passages and have improved safety. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, said descendant IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism, and protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, said descendant IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism and the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, said progeny IBV is attenuated, infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and has the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, said IBV descendant is attenuated, infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. Nucleotide sequences and plasmids Furthermore, the present invention provides a nucleotide sequence encoding IBV as described herein. Therefore, the present invention provides a nucleotide sequence encoding an IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number [number missing in original text]. DPS RE RSCIC 16, any attenuated descendant IBV of one that has extended cellular or tissue tropism and that protects against exposure to virulent M41 or any attenuated IBV that has extended cellular or tissue tropism and that protects against exposure to virulent M41. Furthermore, the present invention provides a plasmid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the IBV as described herein. Therefore, the present invention provides a plasmid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding an IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any attenuated descendant IBV having extended cellular or tissue tropism and protecting against exposure to virulent M41, or any attenuated IBV having extended cellular or tissue tropism and protecting against exposure to virulent M41. The terms “nucleic acid” or “nucleic acid sequence” or “nucleotide sequence” refer to polynucleotides, including DNA molecules, RNA molecules, cDNA molecules, or derivatives thereof. The term encompasses both single-stranded and double-stranded polynucleotides. The nucleic acid of the present invention comprises isolated polynucleotides (i.e., isolated from their natural context) and genetically modified forms. It also comprises chemically modified polynucleotides, including naturally occurring modified polynucleotides, such as glycosylated or methylated polynucleotides, or artificially modified polynucleotides, such as biotinylated polynucleotides. Furthermore, the terms “nucleic acid” and “polynucleotide” are interchangeable and refer to any nucleic acid.The expressions “nucleic acid” and “polynucleotide” also specifically include nucleic acids composed of nucleotides with nucleobases other than the five biological bases (adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil). The term “plasmid” refers to cytoplasmic DNA that replicates independently of the bacterial chromosome within a bacterial host cell. Cell Furthermore, the present invention provides a cell comprising the IBV or the plasmid as described herein. The cell may be a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. In another specific aspect of the cell according to the present invention, the cell is a cell line or cells selected from the list consisting of: primary cells from chicken embryos, a cell line from chicken embryos, a cell line from duck embryonic stem cells, a cell line from human embryonic kidney cells, a cell line from baby hamster kidney cells, a cell line from African green monkey kidney cells, a cell line from rabbit kidney cells, a cell line from canine kidney cells, a cell line from chicken liver cells, a cell line from bovine kidney cells, a cell line from porcine kidney cells, and a cell line from insect cells. In another specific aspect of the cell according to the present invention, the cell is a cell line selected from the list consisting of: DF-1 (Douglas Foster), EB66 (duck embryonic stem cell line), PBS-12, PBS-12SF (serum-free PBS-12), BHK21 (baby hamster kidney), HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney), Vero (Verda Reindeer), MA104, RK13 (rabbit kidney), LMH (male leghorn hepatoma), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney), MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney), PK15 (porcine kidney), PK2A, SF9, SF21, and SF+ (Spodoptera frugiperda). In another specific aspect of the cell according to the present invention, the cell is a line MA / a / 2U21 / Ul or l Or cell selected from the list consisting of: DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, ΒΗΚ, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13. In another specific aspect of the cell according to the present invention, the primary cell of chicken embryos is a fibroblast or a cell derived from liver or lung tissue. Viral particle, immunogenic composition, and vaccine Furthermore, the present invention provides a viral particle comprising IBV as described herein. Furthermore, the present invention provides an immunogenic composition comprising IBV as described herein. Furthermore, the present invention provides a vaccine comprising IBV as described herein. Furthermore, the present invention provides a modified live virus vaccine with extended cellular or tissue tropism comprising IBV as described herein. The term “immunogenic composition” refers to a composition comprising at least one antigen that elicits an immune response in the host to whom the immunogenic composition is administered. The immune response may be a cell-mediated and / or antibody-mediated immune response to the immunogenic composition of the invention. Preferably, the immunogenic composition induces an immune response and, more preferably, confers protective immunity against one or more of the clinical signs of an IBV infection. The host is also referred to as a “subject.” Preferably, any of the hosts or subjects described or mentioned herein is a bird or poultry. In general, an “immune response” includes, for example, one or more of the following effects: the production or activation of antibodies, B lymphocytes, helper T lymphocytes, suppressor T lymphocytes, and / or cytotoxic T lymphocytes and / or gamma-delta T lymphocytes, specifically directed against an antigen or antigens included in the immunogenic composition of the invention. Preferably, the host will exhibit a protective immune response or a therapeutic response. A “protective immune response” or “protective immunity” will be manifested by a reduction or absence of the clinical signs usually exhibited by an infected host, a shorter recovery time and / or a shorter duration of infectivity or a lower pathogen titer in the tissues, body fluids or excretions of the infected host. When the host exhibits a protective immune response such that resistance to reinfection is enhanced and / or the clinical severity of the disease is reduced, the immunogenic composition is described as a “vaccine”. The terms “modified live virus” and “attenuated” are used interchangeably herein. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The expression “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” includes any solvent, dispersion medium, coating, stabilizing agent, diluent, preservative, antibacterial and antifungal agent, isotonic agent, adsorption retardant, adjuvant, immune stimulant, and combinations thereof. Diluents may include water, saline solution, dextrose, ethanol, glycerol, and similar substances. Isotonic agents may include sodium chloride, dextrose, mannitol, sorbitol, and lactose, among others. Stabilizers include albumin and alkaline salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, among others. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is phosphate-buffered saline solution. Preferably, the immunogenic composition also comprises sucrose gelatin stabilizer. Preferably, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is chitosan. Chitosan is a naturally occurring, deacidified polysaccharide of chitin found in crustaceans (e.g., shrimp, crab), insects, and other invertebrates. Recently, Rauw et al. (2009, Vet Immunol Immunop 134:249-258) demonstrated that chitosan enhanced the cellular immune response to a live Newcastle disease vaccine and promoted its protective effect. Furthermore, Wang et al. (2012, Arch Virol 157:1451-1461) showed results revealing the potential of chitosan as an adjuvant for use with a live attenuated influenza vaccine. Preferably, the immunogenic composition may also include one or more distinct immunomodulatory agents such as, for example, interleukins, interferons, or other cytokines. The quantities and concentrations of adjuvants and additives useful in the context of the present invention can be readily determined by a person of average skill. In some respects, the immunogenic composition of the present invention contains an adjuvant. As used herein, the term “adjuvants” may include aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate, saponins, for example, Quil A, QS-21 (Cambridge Biotech Inc., Cambridge, MA), GPI-0100 (Galenica Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Birmingham, AL), water-in-oil emulsions, oil-in-water emulsions, and water-in-oil-in-water emulsions.In particular, the emulsion may be based on light liquid paraffin oil (European Pharmacopoeia type); isoprenoid oil, such as squalane or squalene; oil obtained from the oligomerization of alkenes, in particular isobutene or decene; esters of acids or alcohols containing a linear alkyl group, more specifically vegetable oils; ethyl oleate; propylene glycol di-(caprylate / caprate); glyceryl tri-(caprylate / caprate) of glycerol; or propylene glycol dioleate; esters of alcohols or branched fatty acids, in particular isostearic acid esters. The oil is used in combination with emulsifiers to form the emulsion.Preferably, the emulsifiers are non-ionic surfactants, in particular, esters of sorbitan, mannide (e.g., anhydromannitol oleate), glycol, polyglycerol, propylene glycol, and oleic, isostearic, ricinoleic, or hydroxystearic acid, which are optionally ethoxylated, and polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene copolymer blocks, in particular, Pluronic products, especially L121. See Hunter et al., The Theory and Practical Application of Adjuvants (Ed. Stewart Tull, DES), John Wiley and Sons, NY, pp. 51–94 (1995) and Todd et al., Vaccine 15:564–570 (1997). Examples of adjuvants are the SPT emulsion described on page 147 of “Vaccine Design, The Subunit and Adjuvant Approach” edited by M. Powell and M. Newman, Plenum Press, 1995, and the MF59 emulsion described on page 183 of the same book. Another example of an adjuvant is a compound selected from acrylic or methacrylic acid polymers and maleic anhydride copolymers and alkenyl derivatives. Convenient adjuvant compounds are acrylic or methacrylic acid polymers crosslinked, in particular, with polyalkenyl ethers of sugars or polyalcohols. These compounds are known as carbomers (Phameuropa, Vol. 8, No. 2, June 1996). Persons of the mid-level trade may also refer to U.S. Patent No. 2,909,462, which describes such acrylic polymers crosslinked with a polyhydroxylated compound having at least three hydroxyl groups, preferably no more than eight; the hydrogen atoms of at least three hydroxyl groups are replaced by unsaturated aliphatic radicals having at least two carbon atoms. The preferred radicals are those containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, for example, vinyls, allyls and other ethylenically unsaturated groups.Unsaturated radicals may themselves contain other substituents, such as methyl. Products marketed under the name Carbopol (BF Goodrich, Ohio, USA) are particularly suitable. They are crosslinked with an allyl sucrose or allyl pentaerythritol. Examples include Carbopol 974P, 934P, and 971P. Carbopol 971P is the preferred choice. Among the copolymers of maleic anhydride and alkenyl derivatives are the EMA copolymers (Monsanto), which are copolymers of maleic anhydride and ethylene. Dissolving these polymers in water produces an acidic solution that is preferably neutralized to physiological pH to obtain the adjuvant solution into which the immunogenic, immune, or vaccine composition will be incorporated. Other suitable adjuvants include, but are not limited to, the RIBI adjuvant system (Ribi Inc.), block copolymer (CytRx, Atlanta, GA), SAF-M (Chiron, Emeryville, CA), lipid A monophosphoryl, Avridine lipid-amine adjuvant, E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (recombinant or other), cholera toxin, IMS 1314 or muramyl dipeptide, or natural or recombinant cytokines, or analogues thereof, or endogenous cytokine release stimulants, among many others. The addition of an adjuvant is provided for in an amount of approximately 100 pg to approximately 10 mg per dose, preferably, in an amount of approximately 100 pg to approximately 10 mg per dose, more preferably, in an amount of approximately 500 pg to approximately 5 mg per dose, even more preferably, in an amount of approximately 750 pg to approximately 2.5 mg per dose, and most preferably, in an amount of approximately 1 mg per dose. Alternatively, the adjuvant may be in a concentration of approximately 0.01 to 50%, preferably, a concentration of approximately 2% to 30%, more preferably, a concentration of approximately 5% to 25%, even more preferably, a concentration of approximately 7% to 22%, and most preferably, a concentration of 10% to 20% by volume of the final product. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine is effective for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of clinical signs caused by IBV in a subject who requires it. The terms “treatment and / or prophylaxis,” “clinical signs,” and “who requires it” are defined elsewhere herein. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, said immunogenic composition or vaccine is formulated for single-dose administration. The volume of a single dose is defined elsewhere in this document. Furthermore, it has been shown that a dose of the immunogenic composition of the present invention is effective after the administration of said single dose of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, orally, in ovo, by spraying, through drinking water or by means of eye drops. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 1 to 10 log-10 EIDs per dose of IBV. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 5 logio EID50 per dose of IBV. In another specific aspect of the immunogenic composition or vaccine according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 4 log-10 EIDs per dose of IBV. Method for cultivation Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for culturing an IBV in a cell line or tissue cell comprising the use of the IBV as described herein. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for culturing an IBV in a cell line or tissue cell comprising the use of the IBV deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any attenuated descendant IBV of that IBV having extended cellular or tissue tropism and protecting against exposure to virulent M41, or any attenuated IBV having extended cellular or tissue tropism and protecting against exposure to virulent M41. In another specific aspect of the method for cultivating an IBV in a cell line or tissue cell according to the present invention, the IBV infects and / or replicates in a cell line or tissue cell described herein. In another specific aspect of the method for cultivating an IBV in a cell line or tissue cell according to the present invention, the cell line or tissue cell is selected from the list consisting of: primary cells from chicken embryos, a cell line from chicken embryos, a cell line from duck embryonic stem cells, a cell line from human embryonic kidney, a cell line from baby hamster kidney, a cell line from African green monkey kidney, a cell line from rabbit kidney, a cell line from canine kidney, a cell line from chicken liver, a cell line from bovine kidney, a cell line from porcine kidney, and an insect cell line. In another specific aspect of the method for cultivating an IBV in a cell line or tissue cell according to the present invention, the cell line is selected from the list consisting of: DF-1 (Douglas Foster), EB66 (duck embryonic stem cell line), PBS-12, PBS-12SF (serum-free PBS-12), BHK21 (baby hamster kidney), HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney), Vero (Verda Reindeer), MA104, RK13 (rabbit kidney), LMH (male leghorn hepatoma), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney), MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney), PK15 (porcine kidney), PK2A, SF9, SF21, and SF+ (Spodoptera frugiperda). In another specific aspect of the method for cultivating an IBV in a cell line or tissue cell according to the present invention, the cell line is selected from the list consisting of: DF-1, EB66, PBS12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13. Kits If desired, the composition may be presented in a container or dosing device that may contain one or more unit-dose forms containing the active ingredient. For example, the container may comprise a metal or plastic foil, such as a blister pack. The container or dosing device may bear instructions for administration, preferably for administration to subjects, particularly poultry. Associated with the container may be a notice prescribed by a government agency that regulates the manufacture, use, or sale of pharmaceutical or biological products, wherein the notice contains the agency's approval to manufacture, use, or sell for administration. The present invention provides a kit comprising the IBV or immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein. In one aspect of the kit according to the present invention, the kit also comprises a letter with instructions for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of bird diseases. In one aspect of the kit according to the present invention, the kit also comprises a letter with instructions for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of poultry diseases. In one aspect of the kit according to the present invention, the kit also comprises a letter with instructions for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of IB. In a specific aspect of the kit according to the present invention, the kit also comprises a dispenser that can administer a vaccine to said animal. Treatment method The present invention also provides a method for immunizing a subject comprising administering to said subject an immunogenic composition as described herein. The term “immunize” refers to active immunization by administering an immunogenic composition to a subject to be immunized, which generates an immune response against the antigen included in the immunogenic composition. Preferably, immunization results in a decrease in the incidence of the particular IBV infection in a herd or a reduction in the severity of clinical signs caused by or associated with the particular IBV infection. Furthermore, immunization of a subject in need with the immunogenic compositions provided herein results in the prevention of IBV infection. Even more preferably, immunization elicits a long-lasting and effective immune response against IBV infection. It should be noted that this period will last more than 1 month, preferably more than 2 months, preferably more than 3 months, more preferably more than 4 months, more preferably more than 5 months, more preferably more than 6 months. It should be noted that immunization may not be effective in all immunized subjects. However, the term "effective" requires that a substantial proportion of subjects in a given population be effectively immunized. Preferably, in this context, a group of individuals is expected who, normally, i.e., without immunization, will develop clinical signs generally caused by or associated with an IBV infection. A person of average skill can easily determine whether the individuals in a group are effectively immunized.Preferably, immunization will be effective if the incidence or severity of clinical signs in at least 33%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, even more preferably, at least 95%, and most preferably, 100% of subjects from a given outbreak decrease by at least 10%, more preferably, at least 20%, even more preferably, at least 30%, even more preferably, at least 40%, even more preferably, at least 50%, even more preferably, at least 60%, even more preferably, at least 70%, even more preferably, at least 80%, even more preferably, at least 90%, even more preferably, at least 95%, and most preferably, 100% compared to subjects not immunized or immunized with an immunogenic composition that was available prior to the present invention, but which were subsequently infected by the particular IBV. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for treating or preventing clinical signs caused by an IBV in a subject in need, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein. As shown in the examples, the immunogenic composition or vaccine provided herein was shown to be effective in treating or preventing clinical signs caused by IBV in a subject. The expression “treat or prevent” refers to decreasing the incidence of a particular IBV infection in a flock or reducing the severity of clinical signs caused by or associated with that particular IBV infection. Thus, the expression “treat or prevent” also refers to reducing the number of subjects in a flock who become infected with the particular IBV (= decrease in the incidence of the particular IBV infection), reducing the severity of clinical signs normally associated with or caused by an IBV infection, reducing the shedding of the virus after infection with the particular IBV, or preventing or reducing the decline in egg production in laying hens after infection with the particular IBV in a group of subjects who received an effective amount of the immunogenic composition provided herein compared to a group of subjects who did not receive said immunogenic composition. In general, “treat and / or prevent” includes administering an effective quantity of the immunogenic composition of the present invention to a subject or group of subjects who need it or who could benefit from the treatment / prophylaxis. The term “treatment” refers to administering an effective quantity of the immunogenic composition once the subject or at least some subjects in the group are already infected with IBV, and where these subjects already exhibit some clinical signs caused by or associated with IBV infection. The term “prophylaxis” refers to administering it to a subject before they become infected with IBV or at least when the subject or none of the subjects in a group of subjects exhibit clinical signs caused by or associated with IBV infection. The terms “prophylaxis” and “prevention” are used interchangeably in this application. As used herein, the expression “an effective amount” means, for example, an amount of antigen that elicits or is capable of eliciting an immune response in a subject. The effective amount may decrease the incidence of a particular IBV infection in a given outbreak or reduce the severity of the clinical signs of that particular IBV infection. Preferably, the incidence or severity of clinical signs decreases by at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30%, even more preferably at least 40%, even more preferably at least 50%, even more preferably at least 60%, even more preferably at least 70%, even more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 90%, even more preferably at least 95%, and most preferably 100% compared to subjects not treated or treated with an immunogenic composition that was available prior to the present invention, but who were subsequently infected by a particular IBV. As used herein, the term “clinical signs” refers to signs of an infection in a subject caused by IBV. Examples of such clinical signs include, but are not limited to, respiratory distress, nephritis, salpingitis, abnormal egg production, ruffled feathers, depression, reduced growth rates, and loss of appetite. Signs of respiratory distress include wheezing, coughing, sneezing, tracheal rales, nasal and ocular discharge, tracheal lesions, and tracheal ciliostasis. Signs of nephritis include kidney lesions and watery diarrhea. Signs of abnormal egg production include decreased egg production, smaller eggs, inferior shell, reduced internal egg quality, eggs with thin albumen, and ciliostasis in the oviduct. However, clinical signs also include, but are not limited to, clinical signs that can be directly observed in a live animal.Examples of clinical signs that can be directly observed in a live animal include nasal and ocular discharge, coughing, panting, sneezing, tracheal rales, conjunctivitis, weight loss, reduced growth rates, loss of appetite, dehydration, watery diarrhea, lameness, lethargy, wasting, and deterioration of physical appearance and the like. Preferably, the clinical signs that were reduced in incidence or severity in a treated subject compared to untreated subjects or subjects treated with an immunogenic composition that was available prior to the present invention, but subsequently infected by a particular IBV, refer to a reduction in ciliostasis, a reduction in rales, a reduction in egg drop, a reduction in kidney lesions, a reduction in watery diarrhea, a reduction in weight loss, a lower viral load, reduced viral shedding, or combinations thereof. As used herein, the expression “that needs it” means that the administration / treatment is associated with the strengthening or improvement of health or clinical signs or any other positive medicinal effect on the health of the subjects receiving the immunogenic composition according to the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for reducing ciliostasis in a subject in need, compared to a subject in a non-immunized control group of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an immunogenic composition or vaccine described herein. As shown in the examples, the immunogenic composition or vaccine provided herein was shown to be effective in reducing ciliostasis. The term “ciliostasis” is familiar to anyone with a mid-level trade. The surface of the trachea is covered with specialized epithelial cells, which are lined with numerous hair-like, motile structures called cilia. The term “ciliostasis” includes the reduction or loss of cilia and / or the loss or partial loss of ciliary activity (movement). Ciliostasis can be determined by examining the inner lining of the tracheal rings for ciliary movement. A person with a mid-level trade knows how to determine ciliary movement in the trachea. Preferably, ciliary movement is not reduced from Day 10 after exposure or infection, more preferentially from Day 5 after exposure or infection, more preferentially from Day 4 after exposure or infection, more preferentially from Day 3 after exposure or infection, and most preferentially from Day 1 or 2 after exposure or infection by IBV compared to a subject from a non-immunized control group of the same species. The term “reduction of ciliostasis” means that ciliostasis is reduced by at least 10%, preferably by at least 20%, more preferably by at least 30%, even more preferably by at least 40%, even more preferably by at least 50%, even more preferably by at least 60%, even more preferably by at least 70%, even more preferably by at least 80%, even more preferably by at least 90%, even more preferably by at least 95%, and most preferably by 100%, compared to a non-immunized control subject of the same species. A person of average skill knows how to measure the reduction of ciliostasis. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for reducing the viral RNA load in a subject in need, compared to a subject in a non-immunized control group of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an immunogenic composition or vaccine described herein. The terms “viral load” or “viral titer” are measures of the severity of an active viral infection and can be determined using methods familiar to anyone with a mid-level understanding of the profession. “Viral titer” is a measure of infectious units per volume of a viral preparation. Viral titer is an endpoint in biological procedures and is defined as the dilution at which a given proportion of parallel tests show an effect (Reed and Muench, 1938). The determination can be based on the detection of viral proteins, such as by antibody binding to viral proteins followed by further detection, or alternatively, by the detection of viral RNA using amplification methods such as RT-PCR.Monitoring viral RNA associated with the virion in plasma using nucleic acid amplification methods is a widely used parameter for assessing the status and progression of retroviral disease, and for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic and prophylactic interventions. For example, viral load or viral titer can be calculated by estimating the amount of live virus in a relevant bodily fluid, such as the number of RNA copies per milliliter of plasma in blood. The term “RNA viral load reduction” means that the RNA viral load is reduced by at least 10%, preferably by at least 20%, more preferably by at least 30%, even more preferably by at least 40%, even more preferably by at least 50%, even more preferably by at least 60%, even more preferably by at least 70%, even more preferably by at least 80%, even more preferably by at least 90%, even more preferably by at least 95%, and most preferably by 100%, compared to a non-immunized control subject of the same species. A person of average skill knows how to measure RNA viral load reduction. Furthermore, the present invention provides the immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein for use in a method for immunizing a subject, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. Furthermore, the present invention provides the immunogenic composition or vaccine described herein for use in a method for treating or preventing clinical signs caused by IBV in a subject in need, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. Furthermore, the present invention provides the immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein for use in a method for reducing ciliostasis in a subject in need, compared to a subject in a non-immunized control group of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. Furthermore, the present invention provides the immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein for use in a method for reducing the viral RNA load in a subject in need, compared to a subject in a non-immunized control group of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, said subject is a bird. The term "avian" is familiar to people in the mid-level trade. The term "avian" encompasses all birds, including poultry. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, said subject is a poultry bird. The term "poultry" is familiar to people in the middle management profession. The term "poultry" includes chickens, turkeys, partridges, pheasants, guinea fowl, geese, and ducks. Furthermore, the term "chicken" includes broiler chickens, laying hens, and breeding stock for both, which are also called breeders. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, said subject is selected from the list consisting of chicken, turkey, partridge, or pheasant. In one specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, said subject is a chicken. In one specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered once. A single dose is understood to be administered only once. As indicated in the examples, the immunogenic composition provided herein proved effective after administration of a single dose to a subject in need. The volume of doses per poultry depends on the vaccination route and the age of the poultry. Eye drop vaccines are generally administered in a volume of 1 to 100 mL per dose at any age. Preferably, a single dose for eye drop vaccines has a total volume between approximately 5 mL and 70 mL, and more preferably between approximately 20 mL and 50 mL, with a single dose of 20 mL, 25 mL, 30 mL, 35 mL, 40 mL, 45 mL, or 50 mL being preferred. With maximum preference, the single dose for eye drop vaccines has a total volume between approximately 30 µL and 50 µL, where a single dose of 30 µL, 35 µL, 40 µL, 45 µL or 50 µL is preferred. Aerosol vaccines can contain the dose in a volume of 25 to 1000 µL for 1 day old poultry. Preferably, the single dose for aerosol vaccines has a total volume between approximately 50 µL and 5000 µL, more preferably between approximately 75 µL and 2000 µL, more preferably between approximately 100 µL and 1000 µL, even more preferably between approximately 200 µL and 900 µL, even more preferably between approximately 300 µL and 800 µL, and even more preferably between approximately 400 µL and 700 µL, where a single dose of 400 µL, 425 µL, 450 µL, 475 µL, 500 µL, 525 µL, or 550 µL is preferred. μΙ, 575 μΙ, 600 μΙ, 625 μΙ, 650μΙ, 675 μΙ and 700 μΙ. Most preferably, the single dose has a total volume of 400 μΙ, 450 μΙ, 500 μΙ, 550 μΙ, 600 μΙ, 650 μΙ or 700 μΙ. The vaccine for in ovo vaccination may contain the dose in a volume of 50 to 100 μL, preferably 50 μL. Preferably, the single dose for in ovo vaccines has a total volume between about 10 μΙ and 250 μΙ, more preferably, between about 15 μΙ and 200 μΙ, even more preferably, between about 20 μΙ and 150 μΙ, even more preferably, between about 30 μΙ and 100 μΙ, even more preferably, between about 30 μΙ and 75 μΙ. μΙ and wherein a single dose of 30 μΙ, 35 μΙ, 40 μΙ, 45 μΙ, 50 μΙ, 55 μΙ, 60 μΙ, 65 μΙ, 70 μΙ or 75 μΙ is preferred. Most preferably, the single dose has a total volume of 40 μΙ, 45 μΙ, 50 μΙ, 55 μΙ or 60 μΙ. The vaccine for intramuscular or subcutaneous vaccination or a dose of a vaccine through drinking water may contain the dose in a volume of 30 μL to 1000 μL. Preferably, the single dose has a total volume between about 30 μΙ and 1000 μΙ, more preferably, between about 50 μΙ and 500 μΙ, more preferably, between about 75 μΙ and 250 μΙ and even more preferably, between about 100 μΙ and 200 μΙ wherein a single dose of 100 μΙ, 110 μΙ, 120 μΙ, 125 μΙ, 130 μΙ, 135 μΙ, 140 μΙ, 145 μΙ, 150 μΙ, 160 μΙ, 170 μΙ, 175 μΙ, 180 μΙ, 190 μΙ, 155 μΙ, ο 200 μΙ is most preferred. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered in two or more doses. However, the immunogenic composition can be administered in two or more doses; the first dose is administered before a second dose (booster). In a preferred aspect of the two-dose regimen, the first and second doses of the immunogenic composition are administered in the same quantity. Preferably, each dose is in the preferred quantities specified above. In addition to the regimen with a first and second dose, an alternative modality also comprises subsequent doses. For example, in these aspects, a third, fourth, or fifth dose may be administered. Preferably, regimens with a third, fourth, and fifth subsequent dose are administered in the same quantity as the first dose; the time interval between doses should be consistent with the time between the first and second doses mentioned above. Preferably, the first dose of the vaccine is administered within the first three weeks of life, preferably within the first week of life, and most preferably within the first day of life, using the methods described below. A second dose may be administered within the first 20 weeks of life, preferably within 16–18 weeks of life, and most preferably between 6–12 weeks of age. For example, the initial (first) dose is administered at 1–10 days of age, and the second (booster) dose is administered with a live or inactivated vaccine at 6–12 or 16–18 weeks of age. Most preferably, the initial (first) dose is administered on the first day of life, and the second (booster) dose is administered with a live or inactivated vaccine at 6–12 or 16–18 weeks of age. If in ovo vaccination is used, the first administration is preferably carried out when the embryos are between 15 and 19 days old, ideally on day 17, 18, or 19, with the highest preference being day 18. A second administration can be carried out within the first three weeks of life, preferably within the first 10 days. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, said immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, orally, in ovo, by spraying, through drinking water, or by means of eye drops. The immunogenic composition is preferably administered topically or systemically. Commonly used routes of administration include oral and parenteral routes, such as intranasal, intravenous, intradermal, transdermal, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous, as well as inhalation, in ovo, spray, potable water, or eye drops. However, depending on the nature and mode of action of a compound, the immunogenic composition may also be administered via other routes. These other routes include intracutaneous, intravenous, intravascular, intra-arterial, intraperitoneal, intrathecal, intratracheal, intracardiac, intralobular, intralobar, intramedullary, intrapulmonary, intrarectal, and intravaginal. However, the most preferred immunogenic composition is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, orally, in ovo, by spray, potable water, or eye drops. Live IBV vaccines are preferably administered individually, by means of eye drops, intranasally, intramuscularly or subcutaneously. Mass application methods are preferred, including vaccination by aerosol spraying and drinking water. The use of vaccines as embryo vaccines (so-called in ovo vaccines) is also preferred, as described later. For example, broiler chickens will be vaccinated on day one of life or at 1-3 weeks of age, particularly for broilers with high MDA levels. Laying or breeding stock can be initially vaccinated at 1-10 days of age and a booster dose can be given at 7-12 or 16-18 weeks of age. As detailed above, the present invention also provides an IBV vaccine that can be safely administered in ovo and simultaneously induce a protective immune response. In ovo administration is familiar to and can be easily performed by people of intermediate skill. In ovo administration of the vaccine includes administering the vaccine into an avian embryo while it is contained within the egg (for an analysis of in ovo vaccination, see Ricks et al., Advances in Vet. Med. 495-515, 1999). The vaccine can be administered into any suitable compartment of the egg (e.g., allantoic fluid, yolk sac, amnion, air cell, or embryo) as described in the prior art (Sharma; Am. J. Vet. Res. 45 1619-1623, 1984).Preferably, the vaccine is administered beneath the shell membrane (air chamber) and the chorioallantoic membrane. Preferably, the vaccine is injected into embryonated eggs during the later stages of embryonation, generally during the last four months of the incubation period, preferably 3–4 days before hatching. Administration is preferably carried out when the embryos are 15–19 days old, preferably on day 17, 18, or 19, with the highest preference being day 18. The vaccinated embryonated eggs are then transferred to an incubator for hatching. The in ovo administration process can be automated using a robotic injection process as described in the prior art. Conventional vaccines for post-hatching vaccination of poultry cannot be used for in ovo vaccination, as late-stage embryos are highly susceptible to infection with most of the vaccine viruses examined. However, international patent application WO 01 / 64244 discloses that IBV vaccines can be used for in ovo administration provided they are administered at very low doses. Furthermore, Wakenell et al. 1986 (Am. J. Vet. Res., 47933-938) reported that the passage of an IB vaccine virus in tissue culture represents the virus as non-pathogenic to embryos. In one specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, said immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered by means of eye drops. Normally, the live vaccine for post-hatching administration comprises attenuated IBV at a concentration of 101 to 108 EIDs (50% of the egg infectious dose) per dose, preferably at a concentration of 102 to 105 EIDs per dose and, more preferably, at a concentration of 102 to 104 EIDs per unit dose and, even more preferably, at a concentration of 102 to 103 EIDs per dose. The live vaccine for in ovo administration normally comprises an amount of attenuated IBV of 102 to 107 EIDs / embryo, preferably 102 to 103 EIDs / embryo in a volume of 50 to 100 pl, preferably 50 pl. Preferably, the immunogenic composition of the present invention comprises the IBV of the present invention in amounts of approximately 1 to approximately 10 logw EID (egg infectious dose) / ml per dose, preferably approximately 2 to approximately 8 logw EID / ml per dose, preferably approximately 2 to approximately 7 logw EID / ml per dose, more preferably approximately 2 to approximately 6 logw EID / ml per dose, even more preferably approximately 2 to approximately 5 logw EID / ml per dose, even more preferably approximately 2 to approximately 4 logw EID / ml per dose, most preferably approximately 2 to approximately 3 logw EID / ml per dose. More preferably, the immunogenic composition of the present invention comprises the IBV of the present invention in amounts of approximately 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 or logw EIDso per dose. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 1 to 10 logw EIDso per dose of IBV. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 5 logw EIDso per dose of IBV. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 4 logw EIDso per dose of IBV. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered to subjects within the first week of life, within the first three days of life, within the first two days of life, or within the first day of life. Preferably, the subject to be immunized is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 21 days old. More preferably, the subject to be immunized is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, or 14 days old. Most preferably, the subject to be immunized is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 days old. However, it should be noted that after vaccination of a young bird, it takes several days for its immune system to develop immunity against IBV infection. Therefore, it is preferable to immunize birds within the first 24 hours of life. In one specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered to subjects within the first day of life. As shown in the examples, the immunogenic composition provided herein proved to be safe and effective when administered to a one-day-old poultry. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, said method produces an improvement in a selected efficacy parameter of the group consisting of: prevention or reduction of ciliostasis, prevention or reduction of rales, prevention or reduction of egg drop, prevention or reduction of kidney injury, prevention or reduction of watery diarrhea, prevention or reduction of weight loss, lower viral load, reduced viral shedding, or combinations thereof, compared to an untreated control group subject of the same species. The terms “treatment and / or prophylaxis” were defined elsewhere, where the terms “prophylaxis” and “prevent” or “prevention” are used interchangeably in this application. Furthermore, the term “dissemination” was also defined elsewhere. The term “reduced,” “reduced,” “reduction,” or “less” means that the efficacy parameter (ciliastasis, rales, egg drop decrease, kidney lesions, watery diarrhea, weight loss, viral load, viral shedding) is reduced by at least 10%, preferably by at least 20%, preferably by at least 30%, preferably by at least 40%, preferably by at least 50%, preferably by at least 60%, preferably by at least 70%, preferably by at least 80%, preferably by at least 90%, preferably by at least 95%, and preferably by 100%, compared to a non-immunized control subject of the same species. A person of average skill knows how to measure the improvement in efficacy parameters. The term “viral load” was defined elsewhere in this document. The term “ciliostasis” was defined elsewhere in this document. The term "rales" is familiar to someone with a mid-level skill set. However, the term "rales" includes tracheal rales and refers to sounds emanating from the bronchi. A person with a mid-level skill set can easily identify these rales. The expression "drop in egg production" is familiar to anyone in the mid-level profession. The expression "drop in egg production" refers to a decrease in egg production. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the treatment or prevention produces a prevention or reduction of ciliostasis compared to untreated control group subjects of the same species. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the treatment or prevention produces a prevention or reduction of kidney damage compared to untreated control group subjects of the same species. In a specific aspect of the method or use according to the present invention, the treatment or prevention produces a prevention or reduction of egg production decline compared to subjects in an untreated control group of the same species. The present invention also provides the IBV, viral particle, or immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein for therapeutic use. The present invention also provides the IBV or viral particle as described herein for use as an immunogen or vaccine. The present invention also provides the IBV, viral particle, or immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein for use as a medicament. The present invention also provides for the use of IBV, the viral particle or the immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein for the preparation of a medicament. The present invention also provides for the use of IBV, the viral particle or the immunogenic composition or vaccine as described herein for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of IBV infections in a subject. In another specific aspect of IBV according to the present invention, the IBV strain is phenotypically stable. Advantageously, experimental data show that the deposited strain and its descendants are phenotypically stable, as extended cell culture / tissue tropism and attenuation remain stable over time (during passage). The expression “phenotypically stable” means that the IBV maintains its functional characteristics of having extended cell culture / tissue tropism and remaining attenuated over time (during passage). Preferably, these functional characteristics are still present after at least 3 passages, more preferably after at least 6 passages, even more preferably after at least 9 passages, even more preferably after at least 12 passages, and most preferably after 15 passages of the IBV in cell or tissue culture. CLAUSES The following clauses are also described herein: 1. An IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any IBV descendant of this or any IBV having all the identifying characteristics of the IBV deposited in DPS RE RSCIC 16. 2. An IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any attenuated descendant IBV of one that has extended cellular or tissue tropism and protects against exposure to virulent M41 or any attenuated IBV that has extended cellular or tissue tropism and protects against exposure to virulent M41. 3. The IBV of clause 1 or 2, where the IBV is attenuated. 4. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 3, where the IBV is attenuated in one-day-old chickens. 5. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 4, where the IBV is non-recombinant. 6. The IBV of any of clauses 1 or 5, where the IBV is of a Massachusetts genotype or serotype. 7. The IBV of any of clauses 1 or 6, where the IBV is an M41, H52 or H120 strain. Extended cellular or tissue tropism 8. The IBV of any of clauses 1 or 7, where the IBV has an extended cellular or tissue tropism. 9. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 8, wherein the IBV infects and / or replicates in a cell line or cells selected from the list consisting of: primary chicken embryo lung or liver cells or primary chicken fibroblasts, a chicken embryo fibroblast cell line, a duck embryonic stem cell line, a human embryonic kidney cell line, a baby hamster kidney cell line, an African green monkey kidney cell line, a rabbit kidney cell line, a canine kidney cell line, a chicken liver cell line, a bovine kidney cell line, a porcine kidney cell line, and an insect cell line. 10. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 9, wherein the IBV infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line or cell selected from the list consisting of: DF-1 (Douglas Foster), EB66 (duck embryonic stem cell line), PBS-12, PBS-12SF (serum-free PBS-12), BHK21 (baby hamster kidney), HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney), Vero (Verda Reindeer), MA104, RK13 (rabbit kidney), LMH (male leghorn hepatoma), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney), MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney), PK15 (porcine kidney), PK2A, SF9, SF21, and SF+ (Spodoptera frugiperda). 11. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 10, wherein the IBV infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line or cell selected from the list consisting of: DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104, MDCK, SF9 and RK13. 12. The IBV of clause 9, where the chicken embryo cell is a fibroblast or a cell derived from liver or lung tissue. Functional definition - protection 13. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 12, wherein the IBV protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. 14. The IBV in accordance with clause 13, wherein protection against exposure to or infection by virulent M41 will be determined by qualification of ciliostasis, reduced respiratory clinical signs, reduced viral RNA load in kidney tissue or reduced viral shedding. 15. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 14, wherein the attenuation of the IBV is increased compared to an IBV without extended cellular or tissue tropism. 16. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 15, wherein the attenuation of the IBV increases compared to an M41 of IBV without extended cellular or tissue tropism. 17. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 16, wherein the attenuation of the IBV increases after application in one-day-old chickens compared to an IBV without extended cell or tissue tropism. 18. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 17, wherein the attenuation of IBV increases after application in one-day-old chickens compared to an M41 of IBV without extended cellular or tissue tropism. All identifying characteristics 19. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 18, wherein all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that said IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism and protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. 20. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 19, wherein all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that said IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism and the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. 21. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 20, wherein all the identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that said IBV is attenuated, infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, HBK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and has the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. 22. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 21, wherein all identifying characteristics of the deposited IBV mean that said IBV is attenuated, infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. Descendant 23. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 22, wherein said descendant IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism and protects against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. 24. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 23, wherein said descendant IBV is attenuated, has extended cellular or tissue tropism and the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. 25. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 24, wherein said descendant IBV is attenuated, infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and has the same or similar protection profile to that of the deposited IBV. 26. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 25, wherein all said IBV descendants are attenuated, infect and / or replicate in at least one cell line selected from the list consisting of DF-1, EB66, PBS-12, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13 and protect against exposure to or infection by virulent M41. 27. A plasmid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26. 28. A cell comprising the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 27. 29. The cell according to clause 28, wherein the cell is a cell line or cell selected from the list consisting of: primary cells from chicken embryos, a cell line from chicken embryos fibroblasts, a duck embryonic stem cell line, a human embryonic kidney cell line, a baby hamster kidney cell line, an African green monkey kidney cell line, a rabbit kidney cell line, a canine kidney cell line, a chicken liver cell line, a bovine kidney cell line, a porcine kidney cell line, and an insect cell line. 30. Cells in accordance with clauses 28 or 29, wherein the cell is a cell line selected from the list consisting of: DF-1 (Douglas Foster), EB66 (duck embryonic stem cell line), PBS-12, PBS-12SF (serum-free PBS-12), BHK21 (baby hamster kidney), HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney), Vero (Verda Reindeer), MA104, RK13 (rabbit kidney), LMH (male leghorn hepatoma), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney), MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney), PK15 (porcine kidney), PK2A (porcine kidney), SF9, SF21, and SF+ (Spodoptera frugiperda). 31. The cell of any of clauses 28 to 30, wherein the cell is a cell line selected from the list consisting of: DF-1, EB66, PBS-12SF, BHK, HEK 293T, Vero, MA104 and RK13. 32. The cell of clause 29, wherein the chicken embryo cell is a fibroblast or a cell derived from liver or lung tissue. 33. A viral particle comprising the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26. 34. An immunogenic composition comprising the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26. 35. A vaccine comprising the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26. 36. A modified live virus vaccine with extended cell or tissue tropism comprising the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26. 37. The immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 36, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 38. The immunogenic composition or vaccine of clause 37, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is phosphate-buffered saline solution. 39. The immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 38, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine is effective for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of clinical signs caused by IBV in a subject in need. 40. The immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 39, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 1 to 10 logw EID50 of IBV per dose. 41. The immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 40, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 5 logw EID50 of IBV per dose. 42. The immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 41, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 4 logw EID50 of IBV per dose. 43. A kit comprising the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26 or the immunogenic composition of any of clauses 34 to 42. 44. The kit in accordance with clause 43, wherein the kit also comprises a letter with instructions for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of avian diseases. 45. The kit in accordance with clause 43, wherein the kit also comprises a letter with instructions for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of poultry diseases. 46. ​​The kit in accordance with clause 43, wherein the kit also comprises a letter with instructions for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of IB. 47. A method for immunizing a subject, comprising administering to the subject an immunogenic composition or vaccine in accordance with any of clauses 34 to 42. 48. A method for treating or preventing clinical signs caused by IBV in a subject in need, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an immunogenic composition or vaccine in accordance with any of clauses 34 to 42. 49. A method for reducing ciliostasis in a subject in need, compared to a non-immunized control subject of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an immunogenic composition or vaccine according to any of clauses 34 to 42. 50. A method for reducing the viral RNA load in a subject in need, compared to a non-immunized control group subject of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an immunogenic composition or vaccine in accordance with any of clauses 34 to 42. 51. The immunogenic composition or vaccine in accordance with any of clauses 34 to 42 for use in a method for immunizing a subject, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. 52. The immunogenic composition or vaccine according to any of clauses 34 to 42 for use in a method for treating or preventing clinical signs caused by IBV in a subject in need, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. 53. The immunogenic composition or vaccine according to any of clauses 34 to 42 for use in a method for reducing ciliostasis in a subject in need, compared to a subject in a non-immunized control group of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. 54. The immunogenic composition or vaccine according to any of clauses 34 to 42 for use in a method for reducing the viral RNA load in a subject in need, compared to a subject in a non-immunized control group of the same species, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of said immunogenic composition or vaccine. 55. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 54, where said subject is a bird. 56. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 55, where said subject is a poultry. 57. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 56, wherein said subject is selected from the list consisting of chicken, turkey, partridge, or pheasant. 58. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 57, where said subject is a chicken. 59. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 58, whereby the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered once. 60. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 58, whereby the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered in two or more doses. 61. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 60, wherein said immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, orally, in ovo, by spraying, through drinking water or by means of eye drops. 62. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 61, wherein said immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered by means of eye drops. 63. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 62, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 1 to 10 logio EIDso per dose of IBV. 64. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 63, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 5 logw EIDso per dose of IBV. 65. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 64, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine comprises 2 to 4 log-io EIDso per dose of IBV. 66. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 65, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered to subjects within the first week of life, within the first three days of life, within the first two days of life, or within the first day of life. 67. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 66, whereby the immunogenic composition or vaccine is administered to subjects within the first day of life. 68. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 67, wherein said method produces an improvement in a selected efficacy parameter of the group consisting of: prevention or reduction of ciliostasis, prevention or reduction of rattling, prevention or reduction of egg drop, prevention or reduction of kidney injury, prevention or reduction of watery diarrhea, prevention or reduction of weight loss, lower viral load, reduced viral shedding, or combinations thereof, compared to an untreated control group subject of the same species. 69. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 68, wherein the treatment or prevention produces a prevention or reduction of ciliostasis compared with untreated control group subjects of the same species. 70. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 69, wherein the treatment or prevention results in a prevention or reduction of kidney injury compared to untreated control subjects of the same species. 71. The method or use of any of clauses 47 to 70, wherein the treatment or prevention results in a prevention or reduction of the decline in egg production compared with untreated control group subjects of the same species. 72. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26, the viral particle of clause 33 or the immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 42 for therapeutic use. 73. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26 or the viral particle of clause 33 for use as an immunogen or vaccine. 74. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26, the viral particle of clause 33 or the immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 42 for use as a medicinal product. 75. Use of the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26, the viral particle of clause 33 or the immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 42 for the manufacture of a medicinal product. 76. Use of the IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26, the viral particle of clause 33 or the immunogenic composition or vaccine of any of clauses 34 to 42 for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of IBV infections in a subject. 77. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26, wherein the descendant comprises up to 15 passages in the cell culture of the IBV deposited in the BVR of IZSLER with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. 78. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26, wherein the descendant comprises up to 10 passages in the cell culture of the IBV deposited in the BVR of IZSLER with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. 79. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26, wherein the descendant comprises up to 5 passages in the cell culture of the IBV deposited in the BVR of IZSLER with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. 80. The IBV of any of clauses 1 to 26 or 77 to 79, where the IBV is phenotypically stable. EXAMPLES The following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention. These examples are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope or fundamental principles of the present invention. EXAMPLE 1: IBV ADAPTATION TO CELLS AND IN VITRO AND IN VIVO CHARACTERIZATION An attenuated IBV M41 was used for 10 serial passages in EB66® cells. The material harvested after each passage was characterized by EIDs and TCIDs. Infective titers were detected in the first passage after inoculation of EB66® cells with a seed stock of attenuated IBV Mass. The results of the EIDs (egg infectivity) and TCIDs (cell culture infectivity) determinations for the first 10 passages are summarized in Table 1, and the immunofluorescence signal detection for IB66HP EB66®-infected cells is shown in Figure 1. The results confirmed that IBV adapted to cell culture in EB66® cells. IBV adapted effectively after one passage in EB66® cells, where infectivity to embryonated eggs was not affected.A passage 4 of the IBV (IB66HP) was deposited in the BVR of IZSLER (Biobank of Veterinary Resources of the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini”) with accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16. Table 1: Summary of EIDso and TCIDso titers during IB66HP passage in EB66® cells. Passage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 EIDso / ml 5.6 9 7.1 5.3 7 7 6.8 7.5 6.6 6.6 TCIDso / ml 1 6.5 4.25 5.5 6.3 6.32 4.6 7 6 5.4 It is evident from Table 1 and the other experiments found below that IB66 HP is phenotypically stable since extended cell culture / tropism and attenuation remain over time (during passage). Serial passage in EB66® cells EB66® cells were seeded at a density of 10⁶ cells / ml in a 250 ml shaker flask with a total volume of 50 ml of GRO I medium (SIGMA, cat.: 141530C) enriched with glutamine and 1 ml of CHO feed (SIGMA, cat.: 1615). The cells were infected with a 1 / 10 dilution of attenuated IBV Mass seed stock for the first passage, which was incubated for 96 hours. For subsequent passages 2 to 10, inoculation with the harvested culture was performed using a 1 / 10 dilution of the previous passage in freshly seeded EB66® cells, which were then incubated for 48 to 96 hours under the same culture conditions.A passage 4 (supernatant) was generated for deposition by inoculating 4*105 cells / ml with a 1 / 250 dilution of passage 3 and was harvested 72 hours after the and the titer of the harvested material was determined by the 50% embryo infectious dose (EIDso) and the cell culture immunofluorescence infectious dose 50 assay (TCID50) which were 105 75 / ml and 107 33 / ml, respectively. Determination of the 50% infectious dose in embryo (EIDso) For the determination of the EIDso titer, embryonated 10-day-old SPF chicken eggs were inoculated with a 100 pl dilution serially 10-fold per egg into the allantoic cavity in 6 replicates per dilution. The infected eggs were incubated for 7 days, and candling was performed every 24 h to determine mortality. Eggs with embryos that died before 24 hours of incubation were not included in the evaluation. The EIDso / ml was calculated as described in Reed & Muench. Determination of the 50% infectious dose in tissue culture (TCIDso) For TCID50 determination, 2.5 to 3 × 10⁵ cells with at least 90% viability were seeded per well in a 96-well plate one day prior to infection with a serial 10-fold dilution of IBV Mass. The medium was removed from the cells, and they were infected with 100 pl per well in 5 replicates per dilution. After 72 hours of static incubation at 37°C and 7.5% CO₂, the medium was removed, and the cells were fixed for 15 min at 4°C with 50 µL of 80% acetone per well. A wash step was performed with 1x PBS and then the plates were incubated with 50 µL per cavity of a 1:1000 dilution of anti-IBV Mass antiserum (Charles River Laboratories, Cat.: 10100454) at 37°C for 1 hour. The plates were washed twice with 1x PBS before adding 50 µL of a 1:2000 dilution of Alexa 488 conjugated chicken anti-anti ...Subsequently, a final wash was performed with 1x PBS, and 100 µL of 1x PBS was added to each cavity. The cells were then evaluated using an inverted fluorescence microscope. The infectious titer of IBV in EB66® cells was determined according to the Reed & Muench formula. Infectivity of IB66HP for different cell lines The different cell lines were seeded in a 96-well plate to achieve 70–80% confluency the following day. The cells were infected with a 10-fold serial dilution of IB66HP P8 titer adjusted to 10⁵ µL / ml, derived from titration in EB66® cells. The medium was removed from the cells, and they were infected with 100 µL per well in four replicates per dilution. After 72 hours, the TCID₅₀ titer was determined. The infectivity of IB66HP was detected for different primary cells and cell lines, and the results are listed in Tables 2 and 3 and shown in Figure 2. Table 2: IB66HP has extended cell tropism. TCIDso determination in various cell lines for IB66HP adjusted to a titer of 105TCIDso before titration. Cell Species Tissue Log (TCIDso / ml) EB66 duck Embryonic stem cells 5 BHK hamster Kidney 4 MA104 African green monkey Kidney 2 Vero EU African green monkey Kidney 2.67 RK13 rabbit Kidney 3 CEK Chicken embryos Primary kidney 5.33 CEH Chicken embryos Primary liver 3.67 CEL Chicken embryos Primary lung 6 Table 3: IB66HP has extended cell tropism. TCIDso determination in various cell lines for IB66HP adjusted to a titer of 10575TCIDso before titration. Cell Species Tissue Log (TCIDso / ml) SF9 Corn earworm Pupary ovarian tissue 5.6 CEF Chicken embryos Primary fibroblasts 4.5 MDCK Dog Kidney 5.38 Example of conclusion 1 The attenuated IBV M41 adapted to cell culture. The deposited strain, as well as its descendants, showed extended cell or tissue tropism, as they were able to infect primary cells from a wide range of different cell lines. EXAMPLE 2: DETERMINATION OF THE IN VIVO SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF IB66HP The allantoic fluid pool of IBV Mass (P0) and passages 5 (P5) and 10 (P10) in EB66® cells were used to evaluate their safety and efficacy in one-day-old SPF chickens against exposure to virulent M41. Throughout the study, chickens were housed in isolation units and provided with water and commercial feed ad libitum. Chickens were observed daily for clinical signs. Three groups of chickens were vaccinated with P0, P5, and P10 each at a dose of 10⁴ TCID₂ per chicken via eye drops. One group was treated with a placebo and served as an exposure control group. Seven days post-vaccination, seven animals per group vaccinated with P0, P5, or P10 were euthanized to assess safety using the tracheal ciliostasis index.For this purpose, the trachea was removed and cut into cross-sections, of which 3 lower, 4 middle, and 4 upper sections were used for safety assessment. All rings were evaluated by light microscopy to determine ciliary beat. Each ring was individually scored as described in Table 4. Table 4: Ciliostasis rating scheme for safety assessment Ciliary Activity Score [%] 0 100 1 75-99 2 50-74 3 25-49 4 0-24 Twenty-one days after vaccination, all remaining chickens were exposed to IBV M41 at a dose of 10²⁵ EIDs per chicken via eye drops. Efficacy was assessed seven days post-vaccination by ciliostasis scoring as described in Table 4. A ring was recorded as normal if more than 50% of the inner ring exhibited vigorous ciliary movement (score 2 and below). A ring was recorded as positive for ciliostasis if less than 50% of the cilia were beating (score 3 and 4). An animal was considered protected if at least 9 out of 10 rings exhibited normal ciliary activity. Throughout the study, all animals were observed daily for clinical signs, such as signs of depression, respiratory, digestive, or neurological disturbances, locomotor impairment, prostration, or ruffled feathers. The aim of this study was to determine whether cell culture adaptation and cell passage of IB66HP affect the safety and efficacy of IBV M41att in parent allantoic fluid stock when administered to day-old chicks. Safety assessment using clinical signs and ciliostasis scoring of tracheal explants revealed that IB66HP P5 and P10 in EB66® cells had an improved safety profile compared to IBV M41att. The ciliostasis score was significantly reduced for IB66HP P5 and P10 compared to IBV M41att (Table 5). Furthermore, clinical signs in animals vaccinated with IB66HP P5 and P10 were reduced compared to animals vaccinated with M41att. In conclusion, IB66HP was more attenuated than M41att and has an improved safety profile for vaccination of day-old chicks. Table 5: Safety assessment results for cell passage 5 (P5) and 10 (P10) of IB66HP EB66® compared to the allantoic fluid pool of M41att 5 days post-vaccination. The mean ciliostasis score per group was calculated by summing the total score of individual chickens per group and dividing the group sum by the number of animals (maximum possible score 40, minimum possible score 0). For unaffected animals, at least 9 of the 10 tracheal explants showed normal ciliary activity (score < 2). Vaccination Ciliostasis Qualification Means #Animals / Not Affected M41att P0 30.6 5 / 1 IB66HP P5 8.2 5 / 5 IB66HP P10 6.4 5 / 5 - 0.4 5 / 5

Claims

1. An IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR characterized in that it has the accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any IBV descended from it or any IBV having all the identifying characteristics of the IBV deposited in DPS RE RSCIC 16.

2. An IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) deposited in the IZSLER BVR characterized in that it has accession number DPS RE RSCIC 16, any attenuated descendant IBV thereof having extended cell culture or tissue tropism and protecting against exposure to virulent M41, or any attenuated IBV having extended cell or tissue tropism and protecting against exposure to virulent M41.

3. The IBV according to claim 1 or 2, further characterized in that the IBV is attenuated.

4. The IBV according to any one of claim 3, further characterized in that the IBV is non-recombinant.

5. The IBV in accordance with any of claim 4, further characterized in that the IBV is of a Massachusetts genotype or serotype.

6. The IBV according to any of claim 5, further characterized in that the IBV has an extended cellular or tissue tropism.

7. The IBV according to any of claim 6, further characterized in that the IBV infects and / or replicates in a cell line or cells selected from the list consisting of: primary chicken embryo lung or liver cells or primary chicken fibroblasts, a chicken embryo fibroblast cell line, a duck embryonic stem cell line, a human embryonic kidney cell line, a baby hamster kidney cell line, an African green monkey kidney cell line, a rabbit kidney cell line, a canine kidney cell line, a chicken liver cell line, a bovine kidney cell line, a porcine kidney cell line, and an insect cell line.

8. The IBV according to any of claims 1 to 7, further characterized in that the IBV infects and / or replicates in at least one cell line or cell selected from the list consisting of: DF-1 (Douglas Foster), EB66 (duck embryonic stem cell line), PBS-12, PBS-12SF (serum-free PBS-12), BHK21 (baby hamster kidney), HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney), Vero (Verda Reindeer), MA104, RK13 (rabbit kidney), LMH (male leghorn hepatoma), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney), MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney), PK15 (porcine kidney), PK2A, SF9, SF21 and SF+ (Spodoptera frugiperda).

9. The IBV according to any of claims 1 to 8, further characterized in that the attenuation of the IBV is increased compared to an IBV without extended cell or tissue tropism.

10. A plasmid characterized in that it comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding the IBV as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.

11. A cell characterized in that it comprises the IBV or plasmid as claimed in any of claims 1 to 10.

12. An immunogenic composition characterized in that it comprises IBV as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.

13. A vaccine characterized in that it comprises IBV as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.

14. A modified live virus vaccine with extended cell or tissue tropism, characterized in that it comprises the IBV as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.

15. An immunogenic composition or vaccine as claimed in any of claims 12 to 14 for use in immunizing a subject, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine is adapted to be administered to the subject.

16. An immunogenic composition or vaccine as claimed in any of claims 12 to 14 for use in treating or preventing clinical signs caused by IBV in a subject in need, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine is adapted to be administered to the subject in a therapeutically effective amount.

17. An immunogenic composition or vaccine as claimed in any of claims 12 to 14 for use in reducing ciliostasis in a subject in need, compared to a subject in a non-immunized control group of the same species, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine is adapted to be administered to the subject in a therapeutically effective amount.

18. The immunogenic composition or vaccine for use according to any of claims 15 to 17, wherein said subject is a chicken.

19. The immunogenic composition or vaccine for use according to any of claims 15 to 18, wherein the immunogenic composition or vaccine is adapted to be administered once.

20. The immunogenic composition or vaccine for use according to any of claims 15 to 19, wherein said immunogenic composition or vaccine is adapted to be administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, orally, in ovo, by spray, through drinking water or by means of eye drops.