FUSE AND ASSOCIATED MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Abstract

A fuse, comprising at least one fuse blade (4) in which a reduced section (46A) is formed, defining a plane (P4) transverse to the fuse blade. The fuse also comprises arc protectors (6), which are made of an elastic material and are associated in pairs, the arc protectors of the same pair being arranged opposite each other on respective main sides of the same fuse blade. Each arc protector comprises an inner face (66), oriented towards the fuse blade, a front face (62), oriented towards the reduced section, and a rear face (64), oriented away from the reduced section.At least one perforation (80) is made in the fuse blade in the vicinity of the reduced section, each perforation is at least partially closed by the inner faces (66) of the two arc protectors of the same pair, each perforation leaves a cavity between the two arc protectors of the same pair.

Description

FUSE AND ASSOCIATED MANUFACTURING PROCESS Field of Invention The present invention relates to a fuse and an associated manufacturing method. Background of the Invention A fuse is an electrical component comprising two terminals that, in the event of an overcurrent exceeding a limit called the fuse rating, interrupts the flow of electric current between the two terminals. The two terminals are attached to an insulating body and are electrically connected to each other by means of at least one fuse blade, arranged within a cavity formed in the insulating body. One or more fuse blades may be connected in parallel to the two terminals, depending on the size of the fuse. The description for one fuse blade can be applied to other fuse blades when there are multiple blades. A fuse blade is made of a conductive material that has a specific electrical resistance and melting point. In normal operation, current passes through the fuse blade and its temperature remains below the melting point. In the event of an overcurrent, the temperature of the fuse blade increases and MA.aZUZLW 111 □ Ref. 342616 exceeds the melting temperature at one or more points of the fuse blade, which at least partially melts, and the current flow is irreversibly interrupted. The fuse blade comprises, between the connections to the two poles, at least one intermediate portion with a reduced cross-section. This intermediate portion is called a reduced section. Each reduced section offers greater resistance to current flow than the rest of the blade. As the current flowing through the blade increases, the temperature of each reduced section rises more than the temperature of the rest of the blade. In the event of an overcurrent, the blade preferably melts at a reduced section. When a small section melts, an electric arc is created, and current continues to flow until the arc is extinguished. The electric arc, defined as a plasma state of matter, causes intense localized heating, which promotes the melting of the fuse blade. Under thermal and electrical conditions, this change in the material state of the fuse blade, in turn, promotes the maintenance and extension of the electric arc. It is a known practice to place silicone arc protectors on the fuse blade in order to limit the MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ arc propagation. For example, US-5,596,306 shows the arrangement of arc guards on each side of the reduced section. Arc guards confine the electric arc, but they do not have a positive influence on the arc extinction time. It is these problems that the invention most particularly aims to remedy by proposing a fuse that offers better performance. Summary of the Invention To this end, the invention relates to a fuse, comprising: - at least one fusible blade, formed from a sheet with two opposing principal faces extending to MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ along a longitudinal axis of the fuse blade, each fuse blade comprises a portion which forms a reduced section defining a plane transverse to the fuse blade, two connection terminals, each terminal being connected to each fuse blade, - arc protectors, made of an elastic material, which are associated in pairs, the arc protectors of the same pair, each are located opposite each other on a respective main face of the same fuse blade, each arc protector comprises an inner face, oriented towards the fuse blade, a front face, oriented towards the reduced section, and a rear face, oriented away from the reduced section. At least one perforation is made in the fuse blade in the vicinity of the reduced section; each of the perforations is at least partially closed by the inner faces of the two arc protectors of the same pair, while each perforation creates a cavity between the two arc protectors of the same pair. According to the invention, for each fuse blade, the surface section of a group of perforations, measured along the longitudinal axis of this fuse blade, is five times larger, preferably ten times larger, than the smallest surface section among the reduced surface sections provided in this fuse blade. Thanks to the invention, fuse blades comprising perforations covered, at least in part, by arc protectors, have a significantly shorter extinguishing time than fuse blades without the perforations. These perforations promote the progression of the electric arc, which extinguishes more quickly than without an arc protector. Therefore, it is possible, for fuses of a given rating, in this case, adapted to a specific voltage and / or power, to design fuses that are more compact and, therefore, more economical. According to the advantageous, but not mandatory, aspects of the invention, such a fuse may incorporate one or more of the following features taken individually or in any technically feasible combination: - the perforations are made in the fuse blade on each side of the reduced section, while the fuse comprises, in addition to the first pair of arc protectors, a second pair of arc protectors, the first and second pairs of arc protectors that at least partially close the perforations made on each side of the reduced section; The perforations have an elongated shape and are arranged along its length, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuse blade; - the perforations extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuse blade beyond the rear face of the arc guards, to form rear vents; The rear vents have a length of between 0.1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 8 mm, more preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm; - the perforations extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuse blade beyond the front face of the arc guards to form the MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ front vents, the front vents have a length of between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1 and 3 mm; - the front and back faces of each arch protector are separated by a length of between 5 mm and 30 mm; - a distance between the front face of an arch protector and an edge line, the reduced section located opposite, is between 0.5 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 15 mm, more preferably between 2 mm and 12 mm; - the arc protectors are made of a material that has a hardness, measured on a Snore-Ά scale, of between 20 and 90, preferably between 40 and 70; Arch protectors are made of an astronomical material, preferably silicone; - For at least a first pair of arc protectors, the arc protectors are made of a preformed material, while a layer of adhesive is interposed between the fuse blade and the inner face of each arc protector of this pair, the lower face being oriented towards one of the main faces of the fuse blade, so as to fix each arc protector to the fuse blade 1 e, and - The fuse comprises a frame, which is received in a cavity of a fuse body and which limits the MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ movements of the fuse blades with respect to the body by means of spacers and / or wedges. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a fuse as described above, the fuse comprising at least one fuse blade with a reduced section defining a plane transverse to the fuse blade. The method comprises the steps of: provide at least one perforation in the fuse blade on one side of the cross-plane, - assemble two arc shields of a first pair on a respective main face of the fuse blade in the vicinity of the reduced section, so that each perforation is at least partially blocked by the arc shields, a distance between a front face of each arc shield and an edge line of the opposite reduced section of between 1 mm and 15 mm. Conveniently, the method comprises a step, prior to the assembly step, which consists of manufacturing two arc protectors of a first pair. The arc protectors are made of a recycled elastomer material and have a flat inner face. During the assembly step, a layer of adhesive is interposed between the inner face of each arc protector and a respective main face of the fuse blade to bond the arc protectors of the first pair onto the fuse blade. Brief Description of the Figures The invention will be better understood, and other advantages thereof will be more evident, in light of the following description of various embodiments of a fuse according to its principle, provided only by way of example, and made with reference to the accompanying Figures, in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fuse comprising several fuse blades and arc protectors according to a first embodiment of the invention; some parts are shown schematically for ease of reading; - Figure 2 is a view of the fuse in Figure 1, along arrow II in Figure 1; some parts are omitted for ease of reading; - Figure 3 is a larger-scale schematic perspective view of a fuse blade and arc guards from Figure 1, along arrow III in Figure 1; - Figures 4A-4B schematically show two views of the same fuse blade and arcs from Figure 1; - Figures 5A-5B are figures similar to Figures 4A-4B, showing the same fuse blade and arcs according to another embodiment of the invention; - Figures 6A-6B are figures similar to Figures 4A-4B, showing the same fuse blade and arcs according to another embodiment of the invention; MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ - Figure 7 is a graph illustrating the evolution of an electric current passing through the fuse blade according to the prior art or modalities of the invention; - Figure 8 is a diagram showing the steps of a method for manufacturing a fuse blade and arc protectors according to embodiments of the invention; - Figure 9 is a figure similar to Figure 3, showing a fuse blade and arcs according to another embodiment of the invention, and Figures 10A-10B schematically represent two views of the same fuse blade and arcs in Figure 9. Detailed Description of the Invention Figure 1 shows a fuse 2. The fuse 2 comprises a body 20, shown schematically in dotted lines, and two connection terminals 22. Body 20 is made of an insulating material, for example, ceramic. Body 20 is generally in the shape of an elongated cylinder that defines a longitudinal axis A2 of fuse 2. In the illustrated example, body 20 is a parallelepiped; in this case, body 20 is a cylinder with a rectangular cross-section. In a non-limiting variant, body 20 has an elliptical or even circular cross-section. A transverse direction is defined as a direction orthogonal to axis A2. A transverse plane of fuse 2 is, therefore, a plane orthogonal to axis A2. In the illustrated example, the terminals 22 are arranged on two respective faces of the body 20, opposite and orthogonal to axis A2. Each terminal 22 has the form of a cylinder with an oval cross-section and a generator parallel to axis A2. An oblong hole 24 is made through each terminal 22. Each terminal 22 comprises a plate 26, intended for assembling the fuse 2 in a fuse holder, which is not shown. The body 20 of fuse 2 comprises a cavity V20, in which the fuse blade 4 is housed. Each fuse blade 4 comprises two opposite mating ends 40, each end 40 being connected to one of the terminals 22. The fuse blades 4 are electrically connected in parallel to the terminals 22. In other words, each terminal 22 is connected to one of the respective mating ends 40 of each fuse blade 4. Fuse blades 4 are four in number; this number may vary depending on the size of fuse 2, particularly depending on the voltage and amperage for which fuse 2 is designed. When a fuse 2 comprises several fuse blades 4, the fuse blades 4 conveniently have the same structure and function in the same way. The fuse blades 4 of fuse 2 are preferably identical. What is explained for one fuse blade 4 can be transposed to the other fuse blades 4. Fuse blades 4 are elements made of a conductive material with electrical resistance and a melting point. The material of the fuse blades 4 is preferably metallic, for example, silver, designated Ag. Each fuse blade 4 here has the shape of an elongated rectangle, the long sides of which are parallel to axis A2. Each fuse blade 4 has a constant width, measured transversely to axis A2. Each fuse blade 4, herein, has a symmetrical shape with respect to a transverse plane P4 and is formed in a sheet, which has two opposite principal faces, extending along the longitudinal axis A2 and comprising flat portions separated by the transverse folds 42. In the illustrated example, the flat portions of the same fuse blade 4 are located in the same median plane; the median planes of each of the fuse blades 4 are mutually parallel and define a principal axis designated A4. The axis A4 is a transverse axis to the axis A2. As a variant, the flat portions of the same fuse blade 4 are not all located in the same median plane. Rows of holes 44 occur in some of the MA / a / ZUZJ / UU 111 □ flat portions of each fuse blade 4, each row of holes 44 is oriented transversely to axis A2 and defines a reduced section 46. In other words, each fuse blade 4 comprises an intermediate portion between the two clamping ends 40 in which a reduced section 46 is provided. Each fuse blade 4 has, at the level of each reduced section 46, a higher electrical resistance than the electrical resistance anywhere else. Thus, when an electric current flows between terminals 22, the fuse blade 4 experiences localized heating at the reduced sections 46. In the event of an overcurrent, melting of the fuse blade 4 material preferentially occurs at the reduced sections 46. In the illustrated example, each fuse blade 4 has several types of reduced sections 46; the holes 44, for example, have different diameters depending on the reduced section 46. Thus, when an overcurrent Le occurs, some reduced sections 46 are likely to melt faster than others. When the fuse blade 4 comprises only one type of reduced section 46, its breaking time / breaking current response curve has a specific shape. Combining different types of reduced sections 46 results in a response curve that is the superposition of the response curves corresponding to each of the sections. This aspect is not further detailed in this description. In the illustrated example, fuse 2 also comprises a frame 48, which is received in cavity 20 of body 20. Frame 48 is not essential to the implementation of the invention described herein, but it contributes to its implementation. Frame 48 serves, among other things, to assemble body 20 to the rest of fuse 2 and to hold the fuse blade 4, for example, to protect it during the manufacture of fuse 2. The fuse blades 4 are, in fact, very thin and flexible; the fuse blades 4 can have thicknesses on the order of 0.1 mm or even less. The frame 48 is made of an insulating material, preferably rigid, for example, a synthetic material, optionally reinforced with inorganic fibers such as glass fibers. By way of non-limiting examples, the reinforcement 48 may be made of polyimide (also designated Pl), polyetherketone (also designated PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (also designated PTFE), polyamide (also designated PA), silicone, or polyphenylsulfone (also designated PPSU). In the illustrated example, the frame 48 comprises two side panels 50, located opposite each other and connected to one another by spacers 52. The structure of the frame 48 is not limiting. Each panel 50 comprises, on one face facing the other panel 50, notches 54 for retaining the fuse blades 4. In the example illustrated in Figure 2, the spacers 52 are shown in section, while the side panels 50 are not shown. The spacers 52 are grouped into two stacks 56 of five spacers 52 each, each stack 56 arranged near the mating ends 40 of the fuse blade 4. A fuse blade 4, thus supported during assembly, is held between two adjacent spacers 52, while the two spacers 52 at the ends of each stack 56 are supported by the body 20, inside the cavity V20. When the body 20 is assembled with the rest of the fuse 2, the spacers 52 limit the range of motion of the fuse blades 4 relative to the rest of the fuse 2. In addition to the fuse blade 4 and the frame 48 received in cavity V20 of body 20, cavity 20 is usually filled with a powder that absorbs some of the energy of the electric arc that appears in the event of an overcurrent, thus contributing to faster arc extinction and quicker interruption of the electric current. This powder, which is not shown in the figures, is preferably in the form of micrometric particles and, for example, is silica sand. In the illustrated example, one of the reduced sections 46 of each fuse blade 4, reference 46A, is straddled on a transverse plane coinciding with the transverse plane P4. The reduced section 46A is then considered primarily, knowing that what is valid for the reduced section 46A can generally be extrapolated to the other reduced sections 46. The arc protectors 6, visible in section in Figure 2 and on a larger scale in perspective in Figure 3, are arranged in the vicinity of each reduced section 46A. In particular, for each reduced section 46A, four arc protectors 6 are arranged, on one side, symmetrically with respect to the transverse plane P4 and, on the other side, symmetrically with respect to the fuse blades 4. Two arc protectors 6 located on the same side of the transverse plane P4 thus form a pair 60 of arc protectors 6, the arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60 each being located opposite each other on a respective main face of the same fuse blade 4. In the illustrated example, the two pairs 60 of arc protectors 6 are separated from each other by a single reduced section 46A. In a variant not shown, two pairs MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ of arc protectors 6 are separated by several reduced sections 46 or 4 6A. Arc protectors 6 have similar shapes and function in the same way. In particular, arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60 are preferably identical. In the remainder of the description, the four arc protectors 6 located in the vicinity of the reduced section 46A are considered identical. Arc protectors 6, also called arc suppressors, are made of an elastic material, in this case, a material capable of deforming under the effect of mechanical stress and returning to its original shape when this mechanical stress is interrupted. In the illustrated example, the arch 6 protectors are made of an elastomeric material. The elastomeric material of the arch 6 protectors is, for example, polysiloxane, also known as silicone. Conveniently, the 6-arch protectors are made from a preformed material, in this case, a material that is already cross-linked. A pre-cross-linked silicone material is a solid material which has a defined shape and can be easily manipulated; in particular, it can be cut and / or machined with tight dimensional tolerances, whereas a non-cross-linked silicone material is generally in the form of a mass, which does not have a defined shape. MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ Fuse 2 also comprises wedges 58, which are connected to fuse blades 4 or arc protectors 6 to be immobilized with respect to fuse blades 4, particularly during assembly or handling of fuse 2. In this way, during assembly of fuse 2, the forces due to handling are distributed among all fuse blades 4, reducing the risk of damaging fuse blades 4. The wedges 58 also make it possible to immobilize the fuse blades 4 relative to the frame 48 when it is present and / or relative to the body 20 when the fuse 2 is fully assembled. Optionally, when the frame 48 is present, some of the wedges 58 cooperate with the notches 54, or with other shapes or machined features (not shown) formed in the frame 48, to limit the movement of the fuse blades 4 relative to the frame 48. More generally, the frame 48 limits the movement of the fuse blade 4 by means of the spacers 52 and / or the wedges 58. In this way, during the assembly of the fuse 2, the fuse blades 4 are protected by the frame 48. The assembly operation can be carried out more quickly, with a reduced probability of failure, which is economically advantageous. In the example in Figure 2, the wedges 58 each have the shape of a parallelepiped. Conveniently, the wedges 58 are made of a material identical to that of the arch protectors 6, for example, a pre-crosslinked elastomeric material such as silicone. In Figure 2, the wedges 58 and the arch protectors 6 are shown schematically. In particular, the ratios between the dimensions of the arch protectors 6 and the wedges 58 are not limiting. In the illustrated example, the reduced sections 4 6A of the fuse blade 4 are aligned in the transverse plane P4, and the arc protectors 6 are arranged on both sides of the transverse plane P4. Some of the wedges 58, located in the vicinity of the reduced section 46A, are interposed between two arc protectors 6 located on the same side of the transverse plane P4 and belonging respectively to two neighboring fuse blades 4. Conveniently, the wedges 58 are attached to the fuse blades 4 or the arc protectors 6 by means of glue, in this case analogous to the form described later in the present description, in which the arc protectors 6 are coupled to the fuse blades 4. As a variant, when an arc guard 6 is in contact with a wedge 58, this wedge 58 is integral with this arc guard 6. Such an arc guard 6 contributes, on the one hand, to extinguishing the arc and, on the other hand, to holding the fuse blades 4. When fuse 2 is fully assembled, the wedges 58 are slightly compressed in the direction of axis A4. In particular, the arc guards 6 are slightly compressed in the direction of axis A4 by rocking of the wedges 58. When frame 48 is present, some of the wedges 58 cooperate with frame 4 8 so that the arch protectors 6 are compressed in the direction of axis A4. A subassembly comprising a fuse blade 4 with a reduced section 46A and two pairs 60 of arc protectors 6 located in the vicinity of this reduced section 46A is now described, in particular with the help of Figure 3. Each arc protector 6 here has an elongated parallelepiped shape and is arranged along its length parallel to the reduced section 46A. The length of each arc protector 6 here is equal to the width of the fuse blade 4. In a variant not shown, each arc protector 6 extends a length greater than the width of the fuse blade 4. Each arc protector 6 has a front face 62, which is oriented towards the reduced section 46A in whose vicinity this arc protector 6 is located, and a rear face 64, opposite the front face 62, in other words, oriented away from the reduced section 46A. MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ length L6 is defined as a length that separates the front face 62 from the back face 64. Each arc protector 6 has an inner face 66 which is oriented towards a main face of the fuse blade 4, and an outer face 68 which is oriented opposite to the inner face 66. A thickness L7 of an arc protector 6 is defined as a distance separating the inner face 66 from the outer face 68. Two edge lines 70 of the reduced section 46A are defined as two lines that are parallel to the transverse plane P4, located on each side of the plane P4 and containing the reduced section 46A. The two edge lines 70 are each tangent to at least one hole 44 of the reduced section 46A. Therefore, each edge line 70 is located between the reduced section 46A and the front face 62 of the neighboring arch protectors 6. In the example illustrated in Figure 3, the holes 44 of the reduced section 46A are all aligned and have the same diameter, so the edge lines 70 are tangent to all the holes 44 of the reduced section 46A. For each arc protector 6, a distance D8 is defined between this arc protector 6 and the opposite reduced section 4 6A as a distance, measured parallel to axis A2, between the front face 62 of this arc protector 6 and the face closest to the edge lines 7 0 of the reduced section 4 6A MA / a / ZUZJ / UU 111 □ opposite . Each arc protector 6 is conveniently assembled to the fuse blade 4 using adhesive. For this purpose, a layer of adhesive 72 is placed between the inner face 66 of each arc protector 6 and the opposite face of the fuse blade 4, thus securing the arc protector 6 to the fuse blade 4. In other words, each arc protector 6 is glued to the fuse blade 4. To ensure that each arc protector 6 is properly secured to the fuse blade 4, each inner face 66 is preferably flat. When the two arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60 are fixed to the fuse blade 4, the inner faces 66 of the arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60 overlap each other. Each adhesive layer 72 is preferably a thin layer, in this case, having a thickness between 10 µm and 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.1 mm. Each adhesive layer 72 is preferably uniform; in this case, the adhesive layer 72 has a constant thickness on the inner face 66. According to the examples, the adhesive layer 72 is applied directly to the fuse blade 4, the arc guard 6 is placed over the fuse blade 4 and then left to rest while remaining motionless to allow the adhesive time to harden. Preferably, the inner face 66 of an arc protector 6 is pre-bonded. In this case, the adhesive layer 72 is applied directly to the inner face 66 of an arc protector 6. The pre-bonded arc protector 6 is placed on the fuse blade 4 and then held in place, for example, by a device such as a clamp, to allow time for the adhesive to harden. The clamp is not shown. Depending on the composition of the adhesive layer 72, the bonding of the arc protector 6 to the surface of the fuse blade 4 can be instantaneous. By instantaneous, it is understood that the hardening of the adhesive layer 72 takes only a few seconds, for example, less than 10 seconds, which is very short compared to the curing time of a non-crosslinked silicone material. The adhesive layer 72 is applied, for example, by spraying. Alternatively, the adhesive layer 72 can be a double-sided adhesive. In this case, the adhesive layer comprises a substrate, such as a sheet made of paper or insulating polymer, with both sides coated with a respective adhesive film. The use of double-sided adhesive allows for easy assembly of the fuse. During use, a fuse 2 heats up due to the electric current flowing through it, and this fuse 2 can reach temperatures exceeding 100°C, for example, between 150°C and 200°C, for several months or even several years. The adhesive used to attach the arc protectors 6 to the fuse blades 4 is selected to withstand these operating conditions. Furthermore, when the fuse 2 melts and an electric arc occurs, the adhesive may be exposed to an electric arc. The adhesive is selected to prevent an exothermic reaction when subjected to an electric arc. By way of non-limiting examples, the adhesive can be an inorganic adhesive, such as a silicone adhesive, or an organic adhesive, such as a cyanoacrylate adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, or even a vinyl or acrylic adhesive, or aliphatic, or polyurethane, or neoprene, etc. Depending on the type of adhesive used, surface activation may be necessary, for example, on the inner face 66 of the arch protectors 6. In Figures 4A-43, the fuse 2 according to the invention comprises the perforations 80 formed in the fuse blade 4 on each side of the reduced section 46A, in other words, on each side of the transverse plane P4. In the first embodiment, the perforations 80 are covered by the arc guards 6. In this case, provided the fuse 2 has not blown, the perforations 80 are completely sealed in the direction of axis A4 by the inner faces 66 of the arc guards 6. However, the inner faces 66 of the arc guards 6 of each pair 60 are not in contact with each other, so as not to obstruct the corresponding perforation 80 in the direction of longitudinal axis A2. Each perforation 80 thus creates a cavity between the two arc guards 6 of the same pair 60. The same fuse blade 4 is shown in Figures 4A and 4B, Figure 4B showing a section of the fuse blade 4 from Figure 4A along a section plane 4b in Figure 4A. The operating principle of a fuse blade 4 is now described schematically. This fuse blade comprises arc protectors 6 arranged in the vicinity of the reduced section 46A, which block the perforations 80. When this fuse blade 4, connected to a circuit, is traversed by excessive electric current, the reduced section 46A melts, and an electric arc appears in the reduced section 46A. As long as this arc exists, an electric current continues to flow through the fuse blade 4, the material of the fuse blade 4 continues to melt, and the arc continues to propagate away from the reduced section 46A. As the arc length increases, the arc voltage increases. Finally, when the arc voltage reaches a value greater than the circuit voltage, the arc is extinguished, and no more electric current flows through the fuse blade 4.The time between the instant of appearance of the electric arc and the instant of extinction of the arc defines a cutting time of í usib 1 e 2 . In the context of the present invention, the two arc protectors 6 of a pair 60 create a confinement zone between them, which channels the ionic products generated by the arc as it propagates. The progression of the electric arc is thus channeled in a specific direction, which here is parallel to the axis A2 as it moves away from the reduced section 46A. The arc progression channeled in this way is faster than in the absence of an arc protector 6, as is the case in the prior art. As the arc grows faster, the arc voltage also increases faster, and the arc extinction instant is reached more quickly. Thanks to the arc protectors 6, the breaking time of the fuse blades 4 is shorter. In other words, the breaking time of a fuse 2 comprising arc protectors 6 on each side of the reduced sections 46A is faster. The perforations 80 reduce the amount of material that must be melted during the progression of the electric arc, once the arc reaches the front face 62 of the arc protectors 6. The arc progression is, in this way, faster than in the absence of the perforations 80, as illustrated in Figure 7. The perforations 80 are not obstructed, in the direction parallel to the axis A2 of the fuse 2, by the arc protectors 6, so as not to impede the progression of the electric arc. As long as the arc has not reached the arc guards 6, the arc's progression speed is not appreciably influenced by them; in this case, the arc's progression speed is similar to that which occurs in the absence of an arc guard. If the arc guards 6 are too far from the reduced section 4 6A, the effect of the arc guards 6 is unnecessarily delayed. Conversely, if the arc guards 6 are too close to the reduced section 46A, when an arc occurs, the heat released by the arc is excessive and risks damaging the arc guard material 6, for example, through carbonization. Similarly, during normal operation, the reduced section 46A heats up more than the other parts of the fuse blades 4. If the arc guards 6 are too close to the reduced section 46A, they may age more rapidly, particularly hardening, which is undesirable for the reasons explained later in this description. Therefore, the distance L8 between the arc guards 6 and the edge line 70 of the reduced section is between 1 mm and 15 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 10 mm, and more preferably between 4 mm and 8 mm. A distance L8 of 6 mm provides good results. For the confinement effect of the arc protectors 6 to be significant and to prevent the arc from bypassing the arc protector 6, the arc protector 6 must have, in particular, a sufficient thickness L7. Therefore, each arc protector 6 has a thickness L7 greater than 0.2 mm, preferably greater than 0.5 mm, and more preferably greater than 1 mm. A thickness L7 of 2 mm provides good results. The thickness L7 is not limited, except, for example, by practical space constraints, particularly during the assembly of fuse 2. In such cases, the thickness L7 is less than 20 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, and more preferably less than 5 mm. For the confinement effect of the arc protectors 6 to be significant, it is also necessary that the electric arc be channeled along a sufficient length L6, so that the arc voltage reaches the circuit voltage before the arc emerges on the back side 64 of the arc protectors 6. If the length L6 of the arc protectors 6 is too short, the electric arc will emerge from the back side 64 of the arc protectors 6, and then continue to progress. MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ at a speed similar to that which occurs in the absence of an arc protector. In this way, each arc protector 6 has a length L6 greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 7 mm. The length L6 is not limited, except for practical reasons of space. Therefore, the length L6 is less than 30 mm, preferably less than 25 mm, and more preferably less than 20 mm. The hardness of the elastic material of the arc-shields 6 has a negligible influence on reducing the breaking time of the fuses 2. The elastic material of the arc-shields 6 has a hardness evaluated on a scale called Shore-A, which ranges from 0 for a very soft material to 100 for a very hard material. The confining effect of a material that is too soft, with a Shore-A hardness of less than 20, is insufficient. A hardness greater than 40 is preferred. Conversely, an arc protector 6 made of an excessively hard material will also not perform well. The material for arc protectors 6 is selected with a Shore A hardness of less than 90. On the other hand, under the operating conditions of a fuse 2, arc protectors 6 are subjected to temperatures that can exceed 100°C or 150°C, and elastomers tend to harden with age. The material for arc protectors 6 is selected so that its Shore A hardness remains less than 90 even after aging. Therefore, the Shore A hardness of the new arc protector material 6 is preferably chosen to be less than 70. Therefore, arch protectors 6 are made of a material that has a hardness, measured on a ShoreA scale, of between 20 and 90, preferably between 40 and 70. Surprisingly, the mechanical compression state of the arc protectors 6 has a positive influence on reducing the cutting time of the fuses 2. Conveniently, when the fuse 2 is assembled, the arc protectors 6 are slightly compressed in one direction, parallel to the axis A4, in this case, a direction orthogonal to the main faces of the fuse blades 4 at the location of these arc protectors 6. When the fuse 2 is assembled, each arc protector 6 is compressed and has a thickness L7 less than 99% of the thickness L7 of this same arc protector 6 when this arc protector 6 is not subjected to any external stress, preferably less than 98%, more preferably less than 95%. The compression of the arch protectors 6 of the same pair is carried out by means of specific devices, such as compression clamps, and / or by means of the frame 48 when present, for example, through the wedges 58. Compression clamps are not shown. When clamping clamps are used during assembly for MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ To immobilize the arc protectors 6 and allow time for the adhesive to harden, these clamping clamps also conveniently function as compression clamps and are left in place on the arc protectors 6 once the adhesive layer 72 has hardened. Conveniently, the perforations 80 each have an elongated shape and are arranged along their length parallel to the axis A2 of the fuse 2, in other words, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuse blade 4. Schematically, the elongated perforations 80 provide channels, parallel to the longitudinal axis A2, which promote the progression of the electric arc. In the first embodiment of the invention, each perforation 80 has a length, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis A2 of the fuse 2, substantially less than or equal to the length L6 of the arc guards 6 that close this perforation 80. The perforations 80 made on one side of the transverse plane P4 are preferably symmetrical to the perforations 80 made on the other side of the transverse plane P4. The perforations 80 located on the same side of the transverse plane P4 form a group of perforations 80. In the first embodiment, the perforations 80 of the same group are thus completely enclosed by the inner faces 66 of the two arch protectors 6 of the same pair 60. In the illustrated example, each group of 80 perforations comprises three 80 perforations; this number is not limiting. Alternatively, each group of 80 perforations may comprise a single 80 perforation, or two, or even four or more. The perforations 80 of the same group are preferably arranged in rows, in this case aligned with respect to each other in a direction transverse to the fuse blade 4, in other words, in a direction orthogonal to the A2 axis. In the example illustrated in Figure 4A, the 80 perforations have a rectangular cross-section. In non-limiting variations, the 80 perforations are oval, elliptical, diamond-shaped, or, more generally, oblong. The shape of the 80 perforations depends in particular on the manufacturing method. They can be produced by stamping, laser cutting, or electrical discharge machining (EDM). Ideally, each 80 perforation within the same group should have the same shape. For each group of perforations 80, the more numerous the perforations 80 and the greater their width (measured parallel to the transverse direction of the fuse blades 4), and the greater the electrical resistance (measured parallel to the axis A2 of the fuse 2), the larger the passage of this group of perforations 80. However, unlike the reduced sections 46 or 46A, the purpose of the perforations 80 is not to promote the initiation of an electric arc in the event of an overcurrent, but to provide passages that favor the progression of the arc once it reaches the arc protectors 6. For each fuse blade 4, the surface section of a group of perforations 80, measured along the longitudinal axis of this fuse blade 4, is five times larger, preferably ten times larger, than the smallest surface section among the reduced surface sections 46 or 4 6A provided in this fuse blade 4. The perforations 80 of the same group are preferably regularly spaced in the transverse direction of fuse blade 4, to avoid locally weakening the material of fuse blade 4 or to avoid creating a hot spot when current flows in fuse blade 4. A fuse blade 4 and arc protectors 6 according to the second and third embodiments of the invention are shown in Figures 5A-5B and 6A-6B respectively, while a fuse blade 4 and arc protectors 6 according to a fourth embodiment of the invention are shown in Figures 9 and 10A-10B. Similar elements to those of the first embodiment bear the same part numbers and operate in the same manner. The differences between each embodiment and the preceding or subsequent embodiments are described below. One of the main differences between the second mode, shown in Figures 5A and 5B, and the first mode is that the perforations 80 protrude from the arc protectors 6 on the side opposite the reduced section 4 6A. The same fuse blade 4 is shown in Figures 5A and 5B; Figure 5B represents a section of the fuse blade 4 from Figure 5A along a sectional plane 5b in Figure 5A. Each perforation 80 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis A2 of the fuse 2, beyond the rear face 64 of the neighboring arc protectors 6. In this way, each perforation 80 comprises a rear portion, located on the opposite side of the reduced section 4 6A, which protrudes from the rear face 64 and forms a rear vent 82, through which the perforation 80 opens. When an arc progresses between the arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60, the rear vents 82 allow for the faster evacuation of arc-borne materials, particularly molten metal or other ionized products. The rapid removal of these materials destabilizes the arc, leading to a reduction in the time required to achieve complete current interruption. For each perforation 83, a length L82 is defined as MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ a length, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis A2 of the fuse 2, between one end of this perforation 80 furthest from the reduced section 46A and the rear face 64 of the neighboring arc protector 6. In this way, the length L82 represents the length of a rear vent 82. The length L82 is between 0.1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 8 mm, more preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm. MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ In this way, in the second mode, the perforations 80 of the same group are partially closed by the inner faces 66 of the two arch protectors 6 of the same pair 60. One of the main differences between the third mode, shown in Figures 6A and 6B, and the second mode is that the perforations 80 protrude from the arc guards 6 on the side facing the reduced section 46A. The same fuse blade 4 is shown in Figures 6A and 6B, Figure 6B showing a section of the fuse blade 4 from Figure 6A along a cut plane 6b in Figure 6A. Each perforation 80 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis A2 of the fuse 2, beyond the front face 62 of the arc protectors 6. In this way, each perforation 80 comprises a front portion, located on the side of the reduced section 46A, which protrudes from the front face 62 and forms a front vent 84, through which the perforation 80 opens. In this way, in the third embodiment, the perforations 80 of the same row are partially closed by the inner faces 66 of the two arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60. When an arc progresses towards the arc guards 6 of the same pair 60, the front vents 84 allow some of the molten metal and / or other products to be evacuated. MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ Ionized products generated by the arc in the vicinity of the reduced section 4 6A, the cavity V20 is filled with sand. In this way, these ionized products no longer promote the maintenance of the arc. For each perforation 80, a length L84 is defined as a length, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis A2 of the fuse 2, between an end of this perforation 80 nearest to the reduced section 4 6A and the front face 62 of the neighboring arc protector 6. In this way, the length L84 represents a length of one of the front vents 84. This length L84 is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1 and 3 mm. Figure 7 represents a graph 700, which illustrates the evolution of an electric current passing through a fuse blade 4 comprising a reduced section 46A for different fuse blades 4 with different characteristics. The performance of a fuse 2 is evaluated in particular by its breaking time, which is the time required for the electric current to stop once the melting of the reduced section 4 6A begins. Curve 99 illustrates the evolution of the current in the case where the fuse blade 4 does not include an arc protector in the vicinity of the reduced section 4 6A. An electric arc appears at time t0. The current is zero at time t0. The breaking time is equal to t0 - t0. Curve 100 illustrates the current evolution in a case where the fuse blade 4 includes the arc protectors 6 but not the perforation 80 as previously described. Two pairs 60 of the arc protectors 6 are arranged on each side of the reduced section 4 6A. The current is zero at a time t00. The breaking time of a fuse blade 4 including an arc protector 6, equal to t00, is approximately 40% less than the breaking time of a fuse blade 4 without an arc protector. Curve 200 illustrates the current evolution in a case where the fuse blade 4 comprises arc protectors 6 according to the first embodiment of the invention described above; in this case, the perforations 80 are made in the fuse blade 4 between the arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60. The current is zero at a given instant. The breaking time of a fuse blade 4 comprising the perforated arc protectors 6 is equal to MA / a / ZUZJ / UU 111 □ taco - to, is approximately 4 5% less than the breaking time of a fuse blade 4 without an arc guard. Curve 300 illustrates the evolution of the current in a case where the fuse blade 4 comprises arc protectors 6 according to the second embodiment of the invention described above; in this case, the perforations 80 protrude from the arc protectors 6 on the side opposite the reduced section 4 6A. The current is zero at an instant tan?. The breaking time of a fuse blade 4 comprising arc protectors 6 with perforations and rear vents 82, equal to taco - to, is approximately 50% less than the breaking time of a fuse blade 4 without an arc protector. Curve 400 illustrates the evolution of the current in a case where the fuse blade 4 comprises arc protectors 6 according to the third embodiment of the invention described above; in this case, the perforations 80 protrude from the arc protectors 6 both on the side of the reduced section 46A and on the side opposite the reduced section 46A. The current is zero in an InsLanLe L^oo - The MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ Cutting time of a fuse blade 4 comprising arc protectors 6 with perforations 80 and rear and front vents 82, equal to approximately t-oa 60% less cutting time than a fuse blade 4 without an air guard Figure 7 illustrates an aspect of the improved performance, measured by the reduction in breaking time, of the fuses 2 according to the invention, compared to fuses according to the prior art with or without arc protectors 6. The fuses 2 according to the first, second, and third embodiments of the invention, in which the perforations 80 located on the same side of the reduced section 46A are at least partially blocked by arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60, make it possible to significantly improve the performance of the fuse 2 compared to the prior art. In the illustrated example, the perforations 80 are made on each side of the reduced section 46A. In a variant not shown, one or more perforations 80 are made on one side of the reduced section 46A; in the vicinity of this reduced section 46A, at least one perforation 80 also contributes to extinguishing the electric arc. In the illustrated example, the perforations 80 and arc protectors 6 are arranged only on both sides of the reduced section 46A located in the middle of a fuse blade 4 for the purpose of explaining the invention. Of course, when the fuse blade 4 comprises reduced sections 46 other than the reduced section 46A, other perforations, of the type perforations 80, as well as other arc protectors, of the type arc protectors 6, may be MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ 9 can be placed if necessary in the vicinity of these reduced sections 46. According to an unshown variant, the 80 perforations are separated from each other by two, or even more, reduced sections of the 46 and / or 4 6A reduced section type. As described above, the 80 perforations and the 6 arc protectors have shapes with precise dimensions; these dimensions may change in particular according to the sizing and nominal capacity of the fuse 2, the carnar of the 4 4 ​​holes of the 46A reduced section. The manufacturing method of fuse 2, described in particular with the help of Figure 8, thus comprises a step 800 which consists of providing in the fuse blade 4 at least one perforation 80 in the vicinity of the reduced section 46A, on one side of the transverse plane P4. The method then comprises a step 802 which consists of assembling two arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60 on a respective main face of the fuse blade 4 in the vicinity of the reduced section 46A, so that the perforations 80 are at least partially closed by the arc protectors 6. When the perforations 80 have a length greater than the length L6 of the arc protectors 6, front vents 84 and / or rear 82 are provided. When the arc protectors 6 are assembled to the fuse blade 4 by gluing during assembly step 802, the manufacturing process comprises a step 804, prior to assembly step 802, which consists of manufacturing the two arc protectors 6 of the first pair 60. The arc protectors 6 are made of a preformed elastic material, in particular a cross-linked elastomer such as silicone, and each has a flat inner face 66. Without limitation, the arc protectors 6 are manufactured, for example, by molding, and the inner face 66 is optionally ground by machining. According to another example, a calibrated strip of elastic material is manufactured, for example, by calendering. This strip has a width equal to the width of the fuse blades 4 to which the arc protectors 6 are intended to be glued, and its thickness is equal to the thickness L7 of the arc protectors 6.The arc protectors 6 are cut from this calibrated strip. One or more of the faces of the arc protectors 6 can be machined to correct their geometry, in particular the inner face 66, which is preferably flat to favor the adhesion of the adhesive layer 72, and the front face 62, oriented towards the reduced section 4 6A. Then, during assembly step 802, it gets in the way MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ a layer of adhesive 7 2 between the inner face 66 of each arc protector 6 and a respective main face of the fuse blade 4, then the arc protectors 6 are placed on the fuse blade near the reduced section MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ 46A. The arc protectors 6 are located on the same side of the transverse plane P4, the front faces 62 of the arc protectors 6 are oriented towards the reduced section 4 6A, so that the distance L8 between the front face 62 of each arc protector 6 and the nearest edge line 70 is between 1 mm and 15 mm. The fourth modality of the fuse blade 4 and arc protectors 6, shown in Figures 9 and 10A-10B, resembles the third modality, in that the perforations 80, formed in the vicinity of the reduced section 46A, protrude from the front faces 62 and rear faces 64 of the arc protectors 6, to form the front vents 84 and rear 82 respectively. Each of the perforations 80 is at least partially closed by the inner faces 66 of the two arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60, each perforation 80 leaving a cavity between the two arc protectors 6 of the same pair 60.As in the other modes, the arc protectors 6 of the fourth mode are made of an elastic material, here silicone, are associated by pair 60 and are fixed to the fuse blade 4 by means of an adhesive layer 72, which is interposed between the fuse blade 4 and an inner face 66 of each arc protector 6 of the corresponding pair 60. Among the main differences between the fuse blade 4 and the arc guards 6 of the fourth modality compared to the previous modalities, the perforations 80 are shaped like an elongated ellipse, extending along their length parallel to the longitudinal axis A2 of the fuse 2. Furthermore, the fuse blade 4 here has folds 86 on the front 62 and rear 64 faces of the arc guards 6. In the illustrated example, the folds 86 are located in a plane parallel to the transverse plane P4. The front vents 84 and rear 82 extend over these folds 86. Thus, the front vents 84 are oriented towards the reduced section 46A. In the illustrated example, the rear vents 82 of each pair 60 of the arc guards 6 are oriented towards their respective reduced sections 46.According to the nomenclature conventions used in the present description, the rear vents 82, with respect to the reduced section 46A, are, therefore, front vents with respect to a reduced section 46. Such a fusible blade 4 structure, comprising the 86 folds, allows for a more compact structure compared to a fusible blade 4 without folds. In all the illustrated modalities, the protectors of MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ Arch 6 protectors are made of an elastic material, particularly an elastomeric material such as silicone. Optionally, arch 6 protectors may comprise mineral and / or organic particles, which are added to the elastic material in powder and / or pound form. These particles serve to adjust the material properties of the arch 6 protectors; for example, they adjust the Shore hardness of the material and / or provide mechanical reinforcement. The material of arch 6 protectors is therefore a reinforced material, also called a composite material, comprising a matrix made of an elastic material, particularly an elastomeric material such as silicone. In contrast to a reinforced material, a material without added particles is said to be the raw material. According to an unshown variant, the arch protectors are made of a foamed elastic material, in this case, a material containing gas bubbles and having an average porosity greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, and more preferably greater than 70%. The average porosity is defined for a part as the fraction of the volume of gas bubbles contained in that part over the total volume of that part. According to another variant not shown, arch protectors 6 consist of several layers of materials stacked on top of each other. At least one of the layers is made of an elastic material as described above, specifically an elastomeric material such as silicone. Based on the examples, these layers have distinct characteristics, particularly different hardness characteristics, and these material layers are conveniently assembled together by gluing. Many other options are possible. In particular, the features of the fuse blade 4 and the arc guards 6 according to the invention, and in particular the structural features of the arc guards and their method of manufacture, can be implemented independently of the body 20 comprising a frame 48 described above, and could be implemented in a conventional fuse body. In particular, the perforations 80 can be used independently of the frame 48. Any feature described for one modality or variant above may be implemented for the other modalities and variants described above, to the extent that it is legally feasible. It is hereby stated that, as of this date, the best method known to the applicant for putting the aforementioned invention into practice is the one that is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims

1. A fuse, comprising: - at least one fuse blade, formed in a sheet with two opposite principal faces extending along a longitudinal axis of the fuse blade, each fuse blade comprising a portion in which a reduced section is formed defining a plane transverse to the fuse blade, - two connection terminals, each terminal being connected to each fuse blade, - arc protectors, made of an elastic material, which are associated in pairs, the arc protectors of the same pair being positioned opposite each other on a respective principal face of the same fuse blade, each arc protector comprising an inner face, oriented towards the fuse blade, a front face, oriented towards the reduced section, and a rear face, oriented towards the opposite reduced section, wherein: - at least one perforation is formed in the fuse blade in the vicinity of the reduced section,Each of the perforations is at least partially closed by the inner faces of the two arc protectors of the same pair; each perforation forms a cavity between the two arcs of the same pair; characterized in that, for each fuse blade, a surface section of a group of perforations, measured along the longitudinal axis of this fuse blade, is five times larger than the smallest surface section or between the reduced or provided surface sections in this fuse blade.

2. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that for each fuse blade, the surface section of a group of perforations is ten times larger than the smallest surface section among the reduced surface sections provided in this fuse blade 1 e.

3. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the perforations are formed in the fuse blade on each side of the reduced section and wherein the fuse comprises, in addition to the first pair of arc protectors, a second pair of arc protectors, the first and second pairs of arc protectors each at least partially closing the perforations made on each side of the reduced section.

4. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the perforations have an elongated shape and are arranged along its length parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuse blade.

5. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the perforations extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuse blade beyond the rear face of the arc guards, to form the rear vents.

6. The fuse according to claim 5, characterized in that the rear vents have a length of between 0.1 mm and 10 mm.

7. The fuse according to claim 6, characterized in that the rear vents have a length of between 0.5 and 8 mm.

8. The fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that the rear vents have a length of between 1 mm and 5 mm.

9. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the perforations extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fuse blade beyond the front face of the arc guards to form the front vents.

10. The fuse according to claim 9, MA / a / ZUZJ / UU 111 □ characterized in that the front vents have a MA / a / ZUZJ / UUl 11 □ length of between 0.1 mm and 5 mm.

11. The fuse according to claim 10, characterized in that the front vents have a length of between 1 and 3 mm.

12. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the front and rear portions of each arc protector are separated by a length of between 5 mm and 30 mm.

13. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a distance between the front face of an arc protector and an edge line of the oppositely located reduced section is between 0.5 mm and 20 mm.

14. The fuse according to claim 13, characterized in that the distance between the front face of an arc protector and an edge line of the opposite reduced section is between 1 mm and 15 mm.

15. The fuse according to claim 14, characterized in that the distance between the front face of an arc protector and an edge line of the opposite reduced section is between 2 mm and 12 mm.

16. The arc-protecting fuse of conformity to claims characterized by being made of a material with any of the protectors that has a hardness, 4 9 measured on a Shore-A scale, of between 20 and 90.

17. The fuse according to claim 16, characterized in that the arc protectors are made of a material having a hardness, measured on a ShoreA scale, of between 40 and 70.

18. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the arc protectors are made of an elastomeric material.

19. The fuse according to claim 15, characterized in that the arc protectors are made of silicone.

20. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that for at least a first pair of arc protectors, the arc protectors are made of a preformed material, and wherein an adhesive layer is interposed between the fuse blade and the inner face of each arc protector of this pair, the inner face being oriented towards one of the main faces of the fuse blade, to fix each arc protector to the fuse blade.

21. The fuse according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a frame which is received in a cavity of a fuse body and which limits the movements of the fuse blades in relation to the body by means of spacers 5 0 and / or wedges.

22. A method for manufacturing a fuse according to any of claim 1 or 2, the fuse comprising at least one fuse blade having a reduced section defining a plane transverse to the fuse blade; characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - providing in the fuse blade at least one perforation on one side of the transverse plane, - assembling two arc guards of a first pair on a respective main face of the fuse blade in the vicinity of the reduced section, such that each perforation is at least partially blocked by the arc guards, a distance between a front face of each arc guard and an edge line of the opposite reduced section being between 1 mm and 15 mm.

23. The manufacturing method according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a step, prior to the assembly step, consisting of manufacturing two arc protectors of a first pair, the arc protectors being made of a cross-linked elastic material having a flat inner face, and in which, during the assembly step, an adhesive layer is interposed between the inner face of each arc protector and a respective main face of the fuse blade to bond the arc protectors of the first pair to the fuse blade.

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