Ejector

Abstract

This utility model relates to jet devices and can be used in ejection systems. The ejector comprises a housing, a solid rod-splitter, threaded working fluid channels, functional units, a flow tube, a converging nozzle, a nozzle element, a sleeve with a Venturi nozzle with a rounded chamfer, a cylindrical segment, a conical constriction, a cylindrical section with first and second tubular fragments, and a conical expansion. The utility model simplifies the design while simultaneously increasing the degree of mixing and optimizing the working fluid flow. 2 c.p. fils, 6 figs.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to jet devices, in particular to ejection installations.

[0002] The closest analogue is known from the prior art, namely an air charging device (patent document US 2938464 A, publication date 05 / 31 / 1960), containing a housing in which channels for the working medium are made, a unit for a pressure gauge, a unit for an air intake connected to a Venturi nozzle.

[0003] This device takes advantage of the Venturi effect, which allows air to be sucked into the liquid.

[0004] However, this device has the disadvantages of a relatively complex structure, shown in Fig. 1, in which the body and the Venturi nozzle are separate components, and a relatively low mixing degree due to the use of only the Venturi effect.

[0005] The objective of the utility model is to create an ejector that eliminates the above-described disadvantages and uses the previously noted advantages of the analogue.

[0006] The technical result of the utility model is a simplification of the design while simultaneously increasing the degree of mixing and optimizing the flow of the working medium.

[0007] Such a problem and technical result is solved and achieved thanks to an ejector containing a housing in which a sleeve and a splitter rod are located, wherein channels for the working medium, functional units and a flow pipe are made in the housing, the first channel for the working medium includes a threaded part connected to a tapering nozzle, which is connected to the first functional unit, the tapering nozzle passes into a flow pipe, which is articulated with the sleeve through an expansion nozzle element, the splitter rod is made solid and is located transversely to the housing and the flow pipe, and also passes through this pipe and with its end does not reach the outer boundary of the housing, the sleeve is mated with a second channel for the working medium, and also includes a Venturi nozzle, the cylindrical part of which intersects with a tubular element for contact with the second functional unit, the second channel for the working medium includes a threaded part.The Venturi nozzle of the sleeve also consists of a sequentially connected rounded chamfer, a cylindrical segment, a conical constriction, a cylindrical portion comprising the first and second tubular sections, and a conical expansion. Furthermore, the tubular element for contact with the second functional unit is formed transversely to the housing and separates the first and second tubular sections. It has a larger diameter than the first tubular section, which is larger than the second tubular section.

[0008] Fig. 1, 2 shows a cross-section of the ejector in the assembled state;

[0009] Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of the bushing;

[0010] Fig. 4 shows an axonometric projection of the ejector;

[0011] Fig. 5 shows an axonometric projection of the bushing;

[0012] Fig. 6 shows an axonometric projection of the splitter rod.

[0013] In this case, Fig. 1-3 shows the following structural and functional components of the ejector:

[0014] pos. 1 - ejector;

[0015] pos. 2 - body;

[0016] pos. 3 - bushing;

[0017] pos. 4 - divider rod;

[0018] pos. 5 - flow pipe;

[0019] pos. 6 - first channel for the working environment (schematic);

[0020] pos. 7 - threaded part of the first channel for the working medium (pos. 6);

[0021] pos. 8 - tapering nozzle;

[0022] pos. 9 - first functional unit;

[0023] pos. 10 - expansion nozzle element;

[0024] pos. 11 - the second channel for the working environment (schematic);

[0025] pos. 12 - Venturi sleeve nozzle (item 3);

[0026] pos. 13 - cylindrical part of the Venturi nozzle (pos. 12) (schematic);

[0027] pos. 14 - tubular element;

[0028] pos. 15 - second functional unit;

[0029] pos. 16 - threaded part of the second channel for the working medium (pos. 11);

[0030] pos. 17 - rounded chamfer;

[0031] pos. 18 - cylindrical segment;

[0032] pos. 19 - conical narrowing;

[0033] pos. 20 - first tubular fragment;

[0034] pos. 21 - second tubular fragment;

[0035] pos. 22 - conical expansion.

[0036] Below is a table detailing the cause-and-effect relationship between the ejector features and the specified technical result.

[0037] Sign Cause and effect relationship The ejector contains a housing in which a bushing and a splitter rod are located, while the housing contains channels for the working medium, functional units and a flow pipe. This design ensures a compact structure within a single unit (see pos. 4) and the creation of a mixed working fluid flow. Working fluid refers to multiple working fluids used by the ejector for mixing. Functional units refer to the connection points for additional equipment (pressure gauges, means for extracting or supplying the working fluid, etc.). The first channel for the working medium includes a threaded portion connected to a tapering nozzle, which is connected to the first functional unit. This combination allows for variable parameters (pressure and velocity) of the working fluid flow, necessary for subsequent mixing. The connection between the converging nozzle and the first functional unit allows for control of the working fluid pressure to optimize operating conditions. The threaded section allows the ejector to be connected to the jet device's actuators without additional components, simplifying the design of this ejector. Furthermore, the threaded section ensures a tight seal, thereby preventing unintended changes in the working fluid's parameters. The converging nozzle passes into a flow pipe, which is connected to the sleeve through an expansion nozzle element. This design ensures effective flow rate control with a smooth pressure reduction without flow disruption and maintains the stability of the working medium mixing process. The splitter rod is made solid and is located transversely to the body and the flow pipe, and also passes through this pipe and its end does not reach the outer boundary of the body. This combination ensures the separation of a continuous stream of working fluid into several individual streams and deforms it, creating additional swirls that promote the destruction of boundary layers and a higher degree of mixing of the components. The solid design of the splitter rod minimizes the negative impact of unevenness on the speed of the working fluid. It also shortens the flow tube because the velocity equalization process occurs over a significantly shorter distance, meaning the ejector design becomes more compact. If the end of the splitter rod does not pass through the flow tube, the working fluid stream, acting on the free end of the splitter rod, will generate torque, which may cause the splitter rod to bend or break, negatively impacting the mixing process.If the end of the splitter rod reaches the outer edge of the housing, the splitter rod may fall out of the housing, which will require additional fasteners and, accordingly, complicate the design of the ejector. The sleeve is connected to a second channel for the working medium and also includes a Venturi nozzle, the cylindrical part of which intersects with the tubular element for contact with the second functional unit. This design ensures control of the working fluid pressure for optimal operation through the connection between the Venturi nozzle and the second functional unit (see analogy above), and also provides a vacuum effect for drawing in a different working fluid, followed by homogeneous mixing with the original working fluid (see above). The Venturi nozzle also allows for mixing the working fluid without moving parts, thereby simplifying the ejector design. The second channel for the working medium includes a threaded section. The threaded section allows the ejector to be connected to the jet device's actuators without additional components, simplifying the design of this ejector. Furthermore, the threaded section ensures a tight seal, thereby preventing unintended changes in the working fluid's parameters. The Venturi nozzle of the sleeve is a series-connected rounded chamfer, a cylindrical segment, a conical narrowing, a cylindrical part representing the first and second tubular fragments, and a conical expansion. This Venturi nozzle design is a combined nozzle utilizing the Venturi effect. The rounded chamfer eliminates unnecessary turbulence, allowing the working fluid to flow unimpeded into the cylindrical segment. Pressure differentials due to the conical constriction, the cylindrical section divided into two sections, and the conical expansion allow for highly accurate determination of the working fluid flow velocity and the creation of a vacuum effect to draw in a different working fluid, followed by homogeneous mixing with the original working fluid (see above) in the conical expansion. The tubular element for contact with the second functional unit is formed transversely to the housing and separates the first and second tubular fragments and has a larger diameter than the diameter of the first tubular fragment, which is larger than the diameter of the second tubular fragment. This combination ensures optimal speed, pressure drop, and the amount of fluid drawn in. The larger diameter of the tubular element allows for a greater amount of fluid to be mixed with the original fluid using a vacuum effect (see above), while the difference in diameter between the tubular sections creates a gap that turbulizes the flow of the fluid, increasing the degree of mixing.

[0038] This table demonstrates that the combination of essential ejector features ensures the technical result of simplifying the design while simultaneously increasing the degree of mixing and optimizing the flow (velocity and pressure) of the working medium. This table also clearly demonstrates that design simplification, the degree of mixing, and the optimization of the working medium flow are interconnected to such an extent that a change in any one of these effects will affect the others, i.e., all these indicators are in a cause-and-effect relationship.

[0039] The means used in the ejector, as well as the methods for their implementation, are disclosed in the prior art for this ejector, namely, a single prefabricated structure of the housing in which operating openings (nozzles, flow pipe, functional units, etc.) are made, and a bushing and a splitter rod are inserted, while the materials for the manufacture of the component parts of the above are stainless steel and caprolon.

[0040] The ejector is made as follows.

[0041] The housing, bushing, and splitter rod are machined from solid blanks on lathes and milling machines. The main operations include roughing, finishing the operating holes, and pressing the bushing and splitter rod into the housing.

[0042] The example of use shows an ejector with the following design features:

[0043] case length 108mm;

[0044] Case outer diameter 36mm;

[0045] The threaded part of the working fluid inlet hole is a G 1 / 2 pipe thread with an inner diameter of 18.68 mm and a length of 23 mm;

[0046] The converging nozzle has an angle of 30°;

[0047] The first functional unit has a G 1 / 4 pipe thread and a depth of 12mm, and is articulated with a cylindrical hole with a diameter of 2.5mm, connected to a tapering nozzle;

[0048] The flow pipe has a diameter of 7mm;

[0049] The expansion nozzle element has an angle of 120°;

[0050] The sleeve is 29mm long and has an outer diameter of 13mm;

[0051] The Venturi nozzle of the sleeve is a series-connected chamfer with a radius of 0.5 mm, a cylindrical segment with an inner diameter of 7 mm, a conical narrowing at an angle of 120 °, the first tubular segment with a diameter of 2.8 mm, the second tubular segment with a diameter of 2.2 mm, a conical expansion at an angle of 30 °;

[0052] The tubular element of the sleeve for contact with the second functional unit has a diameter of 3 mm;

[0053] The threaded part of the working fluid outlet hole is a G 1 / 2 pipe thread with an inner diameter of 18.68 mm;

[0054] The second functional unit has a G pipe thread 1 / 4;

[0055] The divider rod is 32mm long and 3.1mm in diameter.

[0056] The ejector works as follows.

[0057] The ejector in the jet apparatus is connected via threaded sections of the working fluid channels and functional units with actuators. The working fluid enters through the first channel. As it passes through the converging nozzle, the working flow velocity increases sharply, causing a pressure drop in this area. Another working fluid is drawn in through the first functional unit, which also houses a pressure gauge. The working fluids begin to mix in the flow tube. After passing through the splitter rod, the degree of mixing increases. The mixed working fluid enters the Venturi nozzle, where the mixing degree of the working fluid is brought to a homogeneous state. The second functional unit monitors the working fluid parameters, and if they meet the specified values, the mixed working fluid enters the second working fluid channel for further operation.

[0058] Empirical tests of the declared ejector have shown that it meets the performance requirements established by GOST 8.586.3-2005, and its use in jet devices also meets the requirements established by GOST ISO 17769-1-2014.

[0059] This information shows that the ejector is described to a full extent, allowing a person skilled in the art to implement it and also to apply it industrially.

Claims

1. An ejector comprising a housing in which a sleeve and a splitter rod are located, wherein channels for the working medium, functional units and a flow pipe are made in the housing, the first channel for the working medium includes a threaded portion connected to a converging nozzle, which is connected to the first functional unit, the converging nozzle passes into the flow pipe, which is articulated with the sleeve through an expansion nozzle element, the splitter rod is made solid and is located transversely to the housing and the flow pipe, and also passes through this pipe and with its end does not reach the outer boundary of the housing, the sleeve is connected to the second channel for the working medium, and also includes a Venturi nozzle, the cylindrical portion of which intersects with the tubular element for contact with the second functional unit, the second channel for the working medium includes a threaded portion.

2. An ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that the Venturi nozzle of the sleeve is a sequentially connected rounded chamfer, a cylindrical segment, a conical narrowing, a cylindrical part representing the first and second tubular fragments, and a conical expansion.

3. An ejector according to paragraphs 1 and 2, characterized in that the tubular element for contact with the second functional unit is made transversely to the housing and separates the first and second tubular fragments and has a larger diameter than the diameter of the first tubular fragment, which is larger than the diameter of the second tubular fragment.

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