Liquid cooling device, battery module, and energy storage system

Abstract

The present application relates to a liquid cooling device (100), a battery module, and an energy storage system. The liquid cooling device (100) comprises a first liquid cooling pipe group (10a), a second liquid cooling pipe group (10b) and a connecting pipe (20); one end of the connecting pipe (20) is connected to one end of the first liquid cooling pipe group (10a), and the other end of the connecting pipe (20) is connected to one end of the second liquid cooling pipe group (10b); the opposite side surfaces of the first liquid cooling pipe group (10a) and the second liquid cooling pipe group (10b) are respectively set as a first contact side and a second contact side; and a plane where the first contact side is located is parallel to or intersects with a plane where the second contact side is located.

Description

Liquid cooling device, battery module and energy storage system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on June 15, 2023, with application number 2023107096644 and application name “Liquid Cooling Device, Battery Module and Energy Storage System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of secondary batteries, and in particular to a liquid cooling device, a battery module, and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0003] In recent years, market demand for secondary batteries has continued to increase, placing higher demands on battery performance and reliability. Thermal management is a key consideration for these batteries. Current secondary batteries typically consist of multiple battery cells connected in series to form a battery module. These modules are equipped with a liquid cooling plate, which is connected to a liquid cooling unit. This creates a coolant circulation loop between the liquid cooling unit and the cold plate, achieving thermal management through heat exchange between the coolant and the battery module.

[0004] However, most existing liquid cooling plates are one-piece stamped plates, which are adhered to the outer surface of the battery module with adhesive. When the battery module expands during operation, the battery shell deforms, and the liquid cooling plate cannot maintain close and effective contact with the battery module, resulting in reduced cooling uniformity of the battery module by the liquid cooling plate, leading to thermal management failure, affecting the service life and reliability of the battery module, and in serious cases, causing safety risks.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a liquid cooling device, battery module and energy storage system to address the problem of poor heat dissipation, which leads to thermal management failure and affects the service life and reliability of the battery module.

[0007] The technical solution is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect of the present application, a liquid cooling device is provided, which includes a first liquid cooling tube group, a second liquid cooling tube group and a connecting tube, one end of the connecting tube is connected to one end of the first liquid cooling tube group, and the other end of the connecting tube is connected to one end of the second liquid cooling tube group; wherein, the opposite side surfaces of the first liquid cooling tube group and the second liquid cooling tube group are respectively set as a first contact side and a second contact side, and the plane where the first contact side is located is parallel to or intersects with the plane where the second contact side is located.

[0009] When the liquid cooling device of the above scheme is used, the liquid cooling device is installed on the outside of the battery module and connected to the external liquid cooling unit. The liquid cooling unit introduces coolant into the liquid cooling device. The coolant exchanges heat with the battery module during the process of flowing through the first liquid cooling pipe group, the connecting pipe and the second liquid cooling pipe group, thereby taking away a large amount of heat generated by the battery module during operation, achieving a heat dissipation and cooling effect on the battery module, and thus achieving the purpose of thermal management of the battery module. Since the first contact side of the first liquid-cooling tube group and the second contact side of the second liquid-cooling tube group are integrally bent and formed, and the plane where the first contact side is located, the plane where the second contact side is located, and the connecting tube together form a tubular bracket structure with an outlet, during the process of the liquid cooling device thermally managing the battery module, when the battery module (large capacity, large size model) expands, causing the battery shell wall to deform and bulge to a large extent, the liquid cooling device is squeezed outward by the battery shell wall, so that the plane where the first contact side is located and the plane where the second contact side are located will intersect, so that it can adaptively deform following the shell wall deformation caused by the expansion of the battery, ensuring that the first contact side and the second contact side are always close to the battery shell wall, avoiding the problem of falling off and the generation of air gaps, and the liquid cooling device has a good thermal management effect on the battery module, thereby ensuring the service life and reliability of the battery module, and eliminating potential safety hazards due to thermal management failure.

[0010] In a second aspect of the present application, a battery module is further provided, which includes the liquid cooling device as described above.

[0011] In a third aspect of the present application, an energy storage system is further provided, which includes at least one battery module as described above.

[0012] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to better describe and illustrate the embodiments and / or examples of the present application, reference may be made to one or more of the accompanying drawings. The additional details or examples used to describe the accompanying drawings should not be considered as limiting the scope of the disclosed application, the presently described embodiments and / or examples, and any of the best modes currently understood for these applications.

[0014] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment.

[0015] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid cooling device in FIG1 .

[0016] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment.

[0017] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid cooling device in FIG3 .

[0018] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid cooling device equipped with a temperature equalizing plate.

[0019] FIG6 is a side structural schematic diagram of FIG1 .

[0020] FIG7 is a cross-sectional structural diagram taken along line AA in FIG6 .

[0021] FIG8 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point B in FIG7 .

[0022] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 100: liquid cooling device; 10a: first liquid cooling tube group; 10b: second liquid cooling tube group; 11: liquid cooling tube unit; 111: first direct current tube section; 112: detour tube section; 113: second direct current tube section; 114: heat dissipation enhancement part; 114a: heat dissipation pipe; 114b: heat dissipation baffle; 114c: heat dissipation reinforcement flow channel; 12: connecting tube unit; 13: water guide pipe unit; 131: bending section; 20: connecting pipe; 21: first position limiting tube; 22: second position limiting tube; 23: supporting tube section; 30: temperature equalizing plate; 31: accommodating chamber; 40: gap; 200: battery module; 210: battery cell; 220: pole; 230: connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To facilitate understanding of the present application, a more comprehensive description of the present application will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present application.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number or order of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0026] Electric vehicles and other electrical equipment are equipped with battery modules for power supply. The battery module usually includes at least one single cell, and the single cell is provided with an electrode assembly to achieve cyclic charging and discharging.

[0027] A center hole is formed in the middle of the electrode assembly after winding. During the charging and discharging process of the electrode assembly, the pole pieces of the electrode assembly tend to expand and generate an extrusion force toward the center hole, thereby causing the center hole to collapse. At the same time, if the battery is squeezed by external force, the center hole of the electrode assembly will also collapse.

[0028] Referring to Figures 1, 3, and 6, the present application provides a battery module comprising a battery module 200 and a liquid cooling device 100. The liquid cooling device 100 is mounted externally to the battery module 200 and connected to a liquid cooling unit to dissipate heat and cool the battery module 200, thereby completing thermal management of the battery module 200.

[0029] The battery module 200 includes a plurality of battery cells 210, which are electrically connected in series. The battery capacity of the battery module 200 is the sum of the battery capacities of the battery cells 210, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery module 200 and improving the battery life.

[0030] For example, please continue to refer to Figure 2, which shows a liquid cooling device 100 according to one embodiment of the present application. This device is assembled with a battery module 200 to achieve thermal management. The liquid cooling device 100 is designed to be mounted on the side of the battery module 200. For example, the liquid cooling device 100 can be directly attached to the side of the battery module 200, or it can be affixed to the side of the battery module 200 using an adhesive such as structural adhesive or thermally conductive adhesive to improve connection strength and reliability. The specific installation method can be flexibly selected based on actual needs.

[0031] The liquid cooling device 100 includes a first liquid cooling tube group 10a, a second liquid cooling tube group 10b and a connecting tube 20, one end of the connecting tube 20 is connected to one end of the first liquid cooling tube group 10a, and the other end of the connecting tube 20 is connected to one end of the second liquid cooling tube group 10b; wherein, the opposite side surfaces of the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and the second liquid cooling tube group 10b are respectively set as a first contact side and a second contact side, and the plane on which the first contact side is located is parallel to or intersects with the plane on which the second contact side is located.

[0032] In summary, the implementation of the technical solution of this embodiment will have the following beneficial effects: when the liquid cooling device 100 of the above solution is used, the liquid cooling device 100 is installed on the side of the battery module 200 and connected to an external liquid cooling unit. The liquid cooling unit introduces coolant into the liquid cooling device 100. The coolant exchanges heat with the battery module 200 during the process of flowing through the first liquid cooling pipe group 10a, the connecting pipe 20 and the second liquid cooling pipe group 10b, thereby taking away a large amount of heat generated by the battery module 200 during operation, achieving a heat dissipation and cooling effect on the battery module 200, that is, achieving the purpose of thermal management of the battery module 200.

[0033] Since the first contact side of the first liquid-cooling tube group 10a and the second contact side of the second liquid-cooling tube group 10b are integrally bent and formed, and the plane where the first contact side is located, the plane where the second contact side is located, and the connecting tube 20 together form a tubular bracket structure with an outlet, during the process of the liquid cooling device 100 thermally managing the battery module 200, when the battery module 200 (large capacity, large size model) expands, causing the battery shell wall to deform and bulge to a large extent, the liquid cooling device 100 is squeezed outward by the battery shell wall, so that the plane where the first contact side is located and the plane where the second contact side are located will intersect, so that it can adaptively deform following the shell wall deformation caused by the expansion of the battery, ensuring that the first contact side and the second contact side are always close to the battery shell wall, avoiding the problem of falling off and the generation of air gaps, and the liquid cooling device 100 has a good thermal management effect on the battery module 200, thereby ensuring the service life and reliability of the battery module 200, and eliminating potential safety hazards due to thermal management failure.

[0034] The first contact side is the side of the first liquid cooling module 10a that is in direct contact with the heat-generating side of the battery module 200 , and the second contact side is the side of the second liquid cooling module 10b that is in direct contact with the heat-generating side of the battery module 200 .

[0035] Preferably, the first liquid cooling tube group 10a, the second liquid cooling tube group 10b and the connecting tube 20 are integrally formed by bending the same pipe, which makes the liquid cooling device 100 easier to manufacture, improves the structural integrity, and reduces potential leakage points of the coolant.

[0036] In addition, in some embodiments, the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and the second liquid cooling tube group 10b each include at least two liquid cooling tube units 11 and at least one connecting tube unit 12, the ends of two adjacent liquid cooling tube units 11 are connected by a connecting tube unit 12, and there is a gap 40 between the two adjacent liquid cooling tube units 11.

[0037] The liquid cooling tube unit 11 includes a first direct pipe section 111, a detour pipe section 112, and a second direct pipe section 113. The first direct pipe section 111, the detour pipe section 112, and the second direct pipe section 113 are connected in sequence. As will be appreciated, one liquid cooling tube unit 11 constitutes the smallest first and second liquid cooling tube groups 10a, 10b. The first direct pipe section 111, the detour pipe section 112, and the second direct pipe section 113 are arranged in a C- or U-shaped structure to accommodate installation requirements for battery cells 210 with a smaller lateral area. As will be appreciated, the coolant flows in opposite directions within the first and second direct pipe sections 111, 113.

[0038] Compared with the case where two adjacent liquid cooling tube units 11 are located on the same plate surface, when the battery cell expansion plate surface is squeezed open by the expansion force, the two liquid cooling tube units 11 will be squeezed open together with the plate surface. Since there is a gap 40 between the two adjacent liquid cooling tube units 11 in the vertical direction, the gap 40 allows the two adjacent liquid cooling tube units 11 to have relative freedom of movement and do not interfere with each other. When the plate surface is deformed and bulged by the expansion force, different liquid cooling tube units 11 can adapt to the different bulge heights of different parts of the plate surface and thus produce different degrees of deformation, thereby ensuring that each liquid cooling tube unit 11 can always be close to the plate surface, avoiding the formation of gaps between the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and the second liquid cooling tube group 10b and the battery module 200 and affecting the cooling effect.

[0039] It is important to note that the first direct current section 111, the detour section 112, and the second direct current section 113 can be round or flat metal tubes, such as copper tubes. Due to their material and shape characteristics, the first direct current section 111, the detour section 112, and the second direct current section 113, in their C- or U-shaped configuration, possess a certain degree of toughness and elasticity. This means that the three sections, as well as the sections themselves, can oscillate, twist, or bend within a certain range. This characteristic is a key factor in enabling the liquid cooling device 100 to adapt to large deformations of the battery casing wall without separating from it.

[0040] In addition, compared with the integrated liquid cooling plate in the prior art, the separately arranged first direct current pipe section 111 and second direct current pipe section 113 can significantly save the manufacturing materials of the liquid cooling device 100, while reducing weight and cost while achieving a lightweight design of the battery module.

[0041] Based on the above embodiment, all liquid cooling tube units 11 and connecting tube units 12 cooperate to form a serpentine structure. Connecting tube units 12 connect two adjacent liquid cooling tube units 11 into a single unit and achieve fluid communication, thereby significantly increasing the surface area of ​​the first and second liquid cooling tube groups 10a, 10b in the serpentine structure. This allows more liquid cooling tube wall to come into contact with the battery modules 200 and participate in heat exchange and cooling, thereby enhancing the cooling effect on the battery modules 200 and improving thermal management efficiency.

[0042] The battery module 200 described in this application is a large-capacity, large-size model, so the two opposite sides in the width direction of the battery module 200 are its large surfaces (i.e., the sides with the largest area), and the liquid cooling device 100 needs to be installed on this large surface to ensure better heat exchange and cooling effects.

[0043] For practical manufacturing and cost considerations, the structures of the first and second liquid-cooling tube groups 10a, 10b should be identical. Of course, the structures of the first and second liquid-cooling tube groups 10a, 10b may also differ based on actual needs. These can be flexibly selected based on actual needs.

[0044] As shown in FIG4 , based on the above embodiment, the connecting tube 20 specifically includes a first limiting tube 21, a second limiting tube 22, and a supporting tube section 23 for connecting the first limiting tube 21 and the second limiting tube 22. The ends of the first limiting tube 21 and the second limiting tube 22, which are away from the supporting tube section 23, are connected to the two liquid cooling tube units 11 in a one-to-one correspondence. The first limiting tube 21 and the second limiting tube 22 are respectively disposed on corresponding side surfaces of the battery module 200, and the supporting tube section 23 is disposed on the bottom surface of the battery module 200. The supporting tube section 23 is disposed between the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and the second liquid cooling tube group 10b, with one end of the supporting tube section 23 extending to the plane of the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and the other end of the supporting tube section 23 extending to the plane of the second liquid cooling tube group 10b. That is, the extension length of the support tube section 23 is consistent with the bottom width of the battery module 200, so that the support tube section 23 and the bottom surface of the battery module 200 obtain the maximum contact area, thereby improving the support effect and increasing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0045] In this way, the support tube section 23 arranged on the bottom surface of the battery module 200 can support the battery module 200 to ensure that the battery module 200 is installed stably; in addition, the first position limiting tube 21 and the second position limiting tube 22 and the support tube section 23 are in a U-shaped structure, and the connection between the first position limiting tube 21 and the support tube section 23 and the connection between the second position limiting tube 22 and the support tube section 23 are elastic, which enables the first position limiting tube 21 and the second position limiting tube 22 arranged on the side of the battery module 200 to have the ability to adapt to the telescopic expansion deformation of the side of the battery module 200, so that the entire liquid cooling device 100 can better adapt to the expansion of the battery module 200.

[0046] Continuing with Figures 2 and 4 , first and second liquid-cooling tube groups 10a, 10b further include a water pipe unit 13. This water pipe unit 13 is connected to either connecting pipe unit 12 or liquid-cooling tube unit 11 and extends along the length of first and second liquid-cooling tube groups 10a, 10b. This water pipe unit 13 facilitates connection to external liquid-cooling unit accessory pipes to facilitate the flow and discharge of coolant.

[0047] The water pipe unit 13 is provided with at least one bending section 131. The bending section 131 of the first liquid cooling tube group 10a extends from the end of the water pipe unit 13 toward the second liquid cooling tube group 10b and then bends back to the plane where the first liquid cooling tube group 10a is located, thereby forming a first supporting portion between the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and the second liquid cooling tube group 10b. The bending section 131 of the second liquid cooling tube group 10b extends from the end of the water pipe unit 13 toward the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and then bends back to the plane where the second liquid cooling tube group 10b is located, thereby forming a second supporting portion between the first liquid cooling tube group 10a and the second liquid cooling tube group 10b. The first supporting portion and the second supporting portion cooperate to form a bottom supporting structure.

[0048] Therefore, the first supporting part and the second supporting part (i.e., the two bent sections 131) are simultaneously in contact with the bottom surface of the battery module 200, which not only increases the heat exchange area with the battery module 200, but also forms a double-sided support for the battery module 200, thereby increasing the overall structural strength of the battery module.

[0049] Optionally, the bending section 131 is a pipe section in any shape such as C-shape, U-shape, or W-shape.

[0050] Specifically, the auxiliary pipes of the liquid cooling unit include a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe, wherein the water pipe unit 13 of the first liquid cooling pipe group 10a is connected to the liquid inlet pipe through a connector installed thereon, and the water pipe unit 13 of the second liquid cooling pipe group 10b is connected to the liquid return pipe through a connector installed thereon.

[0051] Continuing with FIG5 , in some other embodiments, the liquid cooling device 100 further includes a temperature averaging plate 30, the inner side of which defines a receiving cavity 31. The connecting pipe 20, the first liquid cooling tube group 10a, and the second liquid cooling tube group 10b are all disposed on the outer side of the temperature averaging plate 30, facing away from the receiving cavity 31. During installation, the battery module 200 is inserted into the receiving cavity 31.

[0052] When the battery module 200 is large in size and needs to be protected by a shell, the liquid cooling device 100 can be first welded to the temperature equalizing plate 30 as one, and then the temperature equalizing plate 30 can be installed to the outside of the battery module 200 by bonding or other means and fit the bottom surface and two side surfaces in the width direction of the battery module 200. In addition to providing safety protection for the battery module 200, it also helps to reduce the temperature difference and improve the cycle life of the battery module.

[0053] In actual operation of the battery module 200, it is connected to the bus through the pole 220. The heat generated at the connection between the pole 220 and the bus is higher than that in other parts, especially the larger the capacity of the battery, the more obvious the heat generation. Therefore, the pole 220 and the connecting piece 230 of the battery module 200 are abnormally heated parts, and it is necessary to focus on heat management. Please continue to refer to Figures 7 and 8. In some embodiments, at least one liquid cooling pipe unit 11 arranged near the pole 220 and the connecting piece 230 of the battery module 200 is provided with a heat dissipation enhancement part 114. The provision of the heat dissipation enhancement part 114 can increase the area involved in heat dissipation, achieve faster and more efficient heat conduction between the coolant and the battery module 200, and enhance the thermal management efficiency.

[0054] Specifically, in some embodiments, the heat dissipation enhancement portion 114 includes a heat dissipation pipe 114a and at least one heat dissipation baffle 114b. The at least one heat dissipation baffle 114b is disposed on the inner side of the heat dissipation pipe 114a to separate the tube cavity of the heat dissipation pipe 114a to form at least two heat dissipation reinforcement flow channels 114c. Compared to the existing heat dissipation pipe 114a having only three-directional tube walls, the heat dissipation pipe 114a and the heat dissipation baffles 114b installed on the inner wall thereof can significantly increase the tube wall area that can participate in heat dissipation, so that the coolant flowing through the heat dissipation reinforcement flow channel 114c per unit time can take away more heat, thereby achieving an enhanced liquid cooling heat dissipation effect. The heat dissipation enhancement portion 114 can be regarded as an additional pipe fitting, which is installed inside the first liquid cooling straight pipe 111 and / or the second liquid cooling straight pipe 113.

[0055] In addition to the above, the present application also provides an energy storage system, which includes at least one battery module as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0056] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0057] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make a number of variations and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent application shall be based on the appended claims, and the description and drawings may be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling device, comprising a first liquid cooling tube group, a second liquid cooling tube group and a connecting tube, wherein one end of the connecting tube is connected to one end of the first liquid cooling tube group, and the other end of the connecting tube is connected to one end of the second liquid cooling tube group; wherein: The opposite sides of the first liquid-cooling tube group and the second liquid-cooling tube group are respectively set as a first contact side and a second contact side, and a plane where the first contact side is located is parallel to or intersects with a plane where the second contact side is located.

2. The liquid cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The first liquid-cooling tube group, the second liquid-cooling tube group and the connecting tube are integrally formed by bending the same tube.

3. The liquid cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The first liquid cooling tube group and the second liquid cooling tube group each include at least two liquid cooling tube units and at least one connecting tube unit. The ends of two adjacent liquid cooling tube units are connected by one connecting tube unit, and there is a gap between two adjacent liquid cooling tube units.

4. The liquid cooling device according to claim 3, wherein: The first liquid cooling tube group and the second liquid cooling tube group each further include a water guide tube unit, the water guide tube unit is connected to the connecting tube unit or the liquid cooling tube unit, and the water guide tube unit is extended along the length direction of the first liquid cooling tube group and the second liquid cooling tube group; The water pipe unit is provided with at least one bending section, the bending section of the first liquid cooling tube group extends from the end of the water pipe unit toward the second liquid cooling tube group and then bends back to the plane where the first liquid cooling tube group is located, thereby forming a first supporting portion between the first liquid cooling tube group and the second liquid cooling tube group, the bending section of the second liquid cooling tube group extends from the end of the water pipe unit toward the first liquid cooling tube group and then bends back to the plane where the second liquid cooling tube group is located, thereby forming a second supporting portion between the first liquid cooling tube group and the second liquid cooling tube group, and the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion cooperate to form a bottom supporting structure.

5. The liquid cooling device according to claim 3, wherein: The connecting pipe includes a supporting pipe section, which is arranged between the first liquid cooling pipe group and the second liquid cooling pipe group, and one end of the supporting pipe section extends to the plane where the first liquid cooling pipe group is located, and the other end of the supporting pipe section extends to the plane where the second liquid cooling pipe group is located.

6. The liquid cooling device according to claim 5, wherein: The connecting pipe also includes a first position limiting pipe and a second position limiting pipe. The supporting pipe section is used to connect the first position limiting pipe and the second position limiting pipe. One end of the first position limiting pipe and the second position limiting pipe away from the supporting pipe section is respectively connected to the two liquid cooling pipe units one by one.

7. The liquid cooling device according to claim 3, wherein: The liquid cooling pipe unit comprises a first direct pipe section, a detour pipe section and a second direct pipe section, wherein the first direct pipe section, the detour pipe section and the second direct pipe section are connected in sequence; All the liquid cooling pipe units and the connecting pipe units cooperate to form a serpentine structure arrangement.

8. The liquid cooling device according to claim 1, wherein: The liquid cooling device further comprises a temperature averaging plate, the inner side of which is surrounded by a containing cavity, and the connecting pipe, the first liquid cooling tube group and the second liquid cooling tube group are all arranged on the outer side of the temperature averaging plate away from the containing cavity.

9. The liquid cooling device according to claim 3, wherein: The liquid cooling tube unit is provided with a heat dissipation enhancement part, which includes a heat dissipation tube and at least one heat dissipation baffle. At least one heat dissipation baffle is arranged on the inner side of the heat dissipation tube to separate the tube cavity of the heat dissipation tube to form at least two heat dissipation reinforcement flow channels.

10. A battery module, comprising the liquid cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. An energy storage system comprising at least one battery module according to claim 10.

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