Energy storage valve sub-module and operation method thereof, energy storage valve device, and energy storage system

Abstract

The present application relates to an energy storage valve sub-module and an operation method thereof, an energy storage valve device, and an energy storage system. A battery bus connected to a battery module and a capacitor is further connected to a bus power supply module. The bus power supply module is further connected to a control module. A load power supply module can obtain energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery bus and the battery module, and finally supply power to the control module by means of the bus power supply module and the load power supply module.

Description

Energy storage valve submodule and operation method thereof, energy storage valve device, and energy storage system

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This application refers to Chinese patent application No. 202310770526.7 filed on June 27, 2023, entitled “Energy storage valve device, operation method thereof, and energy storage system”, and Chinese patent application No. 202310771411.X filed on June 27, 2023, entitled “Energy storage valve submodule, operation method thereof, energy storage valve device, and energy storage system”, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage valve submodule and an operation method thereof, an energy storage valve device, and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0004] Energy storage provides frequency and peak regulation across all aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption, stabilizing grid frequency, alleviating grid congestion, and increasing the flexibility of power generation and consumption. Cascaded energy storage systems, with their modular design, high capacity utilization, high conversion efficiency, fast dynamic response, low harmonic content, and stable system operation, have become a research hotspot and hold broad application prospects.

[0005] The core component of a cascaded energy storage system is the energy storage valve submodule, which integrates the power module and battery module. Ensuring the safe and stable operation of the energy storage valve submodule is crucial for the high reliability of the energy storage system and, ultimately, the power system. However, the control module within the energy storage valve submodule is susceptible to power failure, causing the energy storage system to shut down.

[0006] Application Contents

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an energy storage valve submodule and its operation method, an energy storage valve device, and an energy storage system to alleviate the problem that the control module in the energy storage valve submodule is easily powered off, causing the energy storage system to stop operating.

[0008] The present application provides an energy storage valve submodule, including a power module, a battery module, a battery busbar, a capacitor, a busbar power module, a load power module and a control module. The capacitor is connected in parallel with the power module, and the two ends of the capacitor are respectively connected to the battery module through the battery busbar; the busbar power module is connected to the battery busbar; the busbar power module and / or the load power module are connected to the control module, and the control module is also connected to the battery module and the power module respectively. The load power module draws energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery busbar and the battery module.

[0009] In the above solution, within the energy storage valve submodule, the battery busbar connecting the battery module and capacitor is also connected to a busbar power module, which is further connected to the control module. The load power module can draw energy from at least one of the capacitors, the battery busbar, and the battery module, ultimately supplying power to the control module via the busbar power module and the load power module. This solution allows the control module to switch to the busbar power module for power in the event of a power failure in the load power module. Alternatively, in the event of a power failure in the busbar power module, the control module can switch to the load power module for power. This provides redundant power for the control module, thereby alleviating the problem of energy storage system shutdown caused by a power loss in the control module.

[0010] In some embodiments, the capacitor includes a DC link capacitor.

[0011] The above solution uses DC support capacitors to build the energy storage valve sub-module, which not only realizes the functions of the energy storage valve sub-module, but also improves the ability of the energy storage valve sub-module to withstand high voltage and large current.

[0012] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule also includes a main bus, which is connected to the bus power module. The number of load power modules includes more than two, at least one load power module draws energy from at least one of the capacitor, battery bus and battery module, and at least one load power module draws energy from the main bus.

[0013] In the above solution, a main bus is further built between the bus power module and the control module. The load power module draws energy from the main bus, so that the bus power module supplies power to the control module, effectively improving the power supply safety and reliability of the control module.

[0014] In some embodiments, the control module includes a power control module, the load power supply module includes a power load power supply module, the power load power supply module and the power module are respectively connected to the power control module, and at least one power load power supply module is connected to the capacitor, and at least one power load power supply module is connected to the main bus.

[0015] The above scheme is used to control the operation of the power module. The power control module is connected to two or more power load power supply modules. The power load power supply modules can obtain energy from the capacitor and the main bus to achieve redundant power supply to the power control module and improve the operational reliability of the power control module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the control module further includes a battery control module, and the load power module further includes a battery load power module. The battery load power module is connected to the battery control module, and at least one battery load power module is connected to the battery bus, and at least one battery load power module is connected to the main bus; or, all battery load power modules are connected to the main bus.

[0017] The above solution is used to receive the operating status information of different battery modules and send control instructions to the battery module. The battery control module is connected to more than two battery load power modules to achieve redundant power supply to the battery control module and improve the operating reliability of the battery control module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the control module also includes an electrical cabinet control module, and the load power module also includes an electrical cabinet load power module. Each battery module is correspondingly provided with an electrical cabinet control module and two or more electrical cabinet load power modules. Each electrical cabinet control module is respectively connected to the battery module and the battery control module. Each electrical cabinet load power module corresponding to each battery module is respectively connected to the corresponding electrical cabinet control module, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module is connected to the battery module, and at least one electrical cabinet load power module is connected to the main bus.

[0019] The above solution is to connect the electrical cabinet control module used to control the operation of the battery module to more than two electrical cabinet load power modules. The electrical cabinet load power modules can obtain energy from the battery module and the main bus to achieve redundant power supply to the electrical cabinet control module and improve the operational reliability of the electrical cabinet control module.

[0020] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a black start switch, a first end of the black start switch is connected to the battery control module, and a second end of the black start switch is connected to any one of the electrical cabinet load power modules connected to the battery module.

[0021] In the above solution, a black start switch is provided between the battery control module and the load power module of the electrical cabinet. When the energy storage valve submodule stops operating due to a fault or other reasons, energy is drawn from the battery module to complete the black start operation, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0022] In some embodiments, the battery module includes a battery, a pre-charging resistor, a pre-charging switching device, a first charging switching device, and a second charging switching device. The first end of the battery is connected to the first end of the pre-charging resistor and the first end of the first charging switching device, the second end of the pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the pre-charging switching device, the second end of the pre-charging switching device is connected to the second end of the first charging switching device and the battery bus, the second end of the battery is connected to the first end of the second charging switching device, and the second end of the second charging switching device is connected to the battery bus.

[0023] In the above scheme, the battery module is provided with a pre-charging circuit and a charging circuit. During the high-voltage startup process, pre-charging is first achieved through the pre-charging resistor, the pre-charging switch device and the second charging switch device, and then high-voltage startup is achieved through the first charging switch device and the second charging switch device, thereby improving the safety of high-voltage power-on.

[0024] In some embodiments, the load power supply module and the bus power supply module that draw power from the battery bus have a low power consumption operation mode, and / or are connected to the battery bus via a normally closed switch device.

[0025] In the above solution, the load power supply module and the bus power supply module that draw power from the battery bus are configured with a low-power operation mode, or a normally closed switch device is provided between them and the battery bus. After the energy storage valve submodule is bypassed, the load power supply module and the bus power supply module that draw power from the battery bus enter the low-power operation mode, or the normally closed switch device is disconnected, thereby alleviating the safety hazard to the battery module caused by adhesion of the first charging switch device and the second charging switch device.

[0026] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes an isolating switch, and both ends of the capacitor are connected to the battery bus through the isolating switch, and the main bus and the control module are connected to the isolating switch respectively.

[0027] In the above solution, the battery busbar is connected to the capacitor through an isolation switch, so that electrical isolation between the battery busbar and the power module can be achieved according to actual operating requirements, thereby improving the operating safety of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0028] In some embodiments, the bus power module includes a first bus power module and a second bus power module, the first bus power module is connected to the battery bus and the main bus respectively, and the second bus power module is connected to the battery bus and the isolation switch respectively.

[0029] In the above solution, the bus power module includes a first bus power module and a second bus power module, so that the disconnector can draw energy from the main bus and the battery bus, thereby realizing redundant power supply for the disconnector and improving the driving reliability of the disconnector.

[0030] In some embodiments, the bus power module includes a switching device, an energy storage device and a DC converter. The battery bus is connected to the energy storage device through the switching device, the energy storage device is connected to the DC converter, and the DC converter is connected to the battery bus and the main bus.

[0031] In the above solution, at the moment the isolating switch is closed, the power module is connected to the battery bus for rapid discharge, which will cause the voltage on the bus power input side to drop sharply. By providing a switching device between the bus power module and the battery bus, the switching device can reduce the impact of the instantaneous surge current on the bus power module, thereby improving the safety of the bus power module.

[0032] In some embodiments, the control module includes a power control board, the bus power module includes a redundant power module, the load power module includes a main power module, the redundant power module is connected to the battery module through the battery bus, the main power module is connected to the capacitor, and the redundant power module, the main power module and the power module are respectively connected to the power control board.

[0033] In the above solution, the busbar power module includes a redundant power module, and the load power module includes a main power module. The redundant power module is connected to the battery module via the battery busbar, drawing energy from the battery module, while the main power module is connected to the capacitor, drawing energy from the capacitor. This allows the power control card to draw energy from both the capacitor and the battery module, achieving redundant power supply operation. This reduces the likelihood of power outages on the power control card of the energy storage valve submodule, thereby mitigating the risk of energy storage system or power system outages due to power control card outages.

[0034] In some embodiments, the redundant power supply module is connected to a battery module in the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module.

[0035] In the above solution, the redundant power supply module draws energy from the battery module that belongs to the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module. In other words, the redundant power supply of the power control board is achieved through the energy storage valve submodule controlled by the power control board. This simplifies the power supply method and effectively reduces the complexity of the circuit layout.

[0036] In some embodiments, the redundant power supply module is connected to a battery module in an energy storage valve submodule other than the energy storage valve submodule to which the power module belongs.

[0037] In the above solution, the redundant power supply module draws energy from the battery modules of other energy storage valve submodules other than the energy storage valve submodule where the power module is located. After the energy storage valve submodule where the power module is located is bypassed, there is no need for the battery module of the energy storage valve submodule where the power module is located to continuously discharge, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0038] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a voltage-equalizing resistor, which is connected in parallel with the capacitor, and both ends of the voltage-equalizing resistor are respectively connected to the battery busbar.

[0039] In the above solution, equalizing resistors are connected in parallel at both ends of the capacitor. During the operation of the power module, the equalizing effect of the equalizing resistors improves the operational reliability. After the power module is bypassed, the equalizing resistors can also discharge the capacitor, improving the discharge efficiency.

[0040] In some embodiments, the power control board includes a main control board, a bypass switch driver board and a power switch driver board. The main control board is connected to the bypass switch driver board and the power switch driver board respectively. The bypass switch driver board and the power switch driver board are respectively connected to the power module. The main power supply module and the redundant power supply module are respectively connected to the main control board. The main power supply module and the redundant power supply module are respectively connected to the bypass switch driver board. The main power supply module and the redundant power supply module are respectively connected to the power switch driver board.

[0041] In the above solution, the power control board includes a main control board, a bypass switch driver board and a power switch driver board. Different driving functions are realized by the bypass switch driver board and the power switch driver board respectively, thereby effectively improving the control reliability of the power control board.

[0042] The present application also provides an operating method based on the above-mentioned energy storage valve submodule, wherein the number of battery modules includes more than two, and the operating method includes: when the startup conditions are met, controlling any battery module to connect to the battery bus to charge the bus power module through the battery bus; when the bus power module completes the establishment of the main bus, connecting the remaining battery modules to the battery bus.

[0043] In this solution, when the energy storage valve module meets the activation conditions, any one battery module is first activated to charge the input side of the bus power supply (i.e., the capacitor). After the bus power supply module has established the main bus, the remaining battery modules are then closed to charge. This reduces the impact of the bus power supply module on the circuit, protecting the bus power supply module, and simplifies the selection of related components for the bus power supply module.

[0044] In some embodiments, when the bus power module completes the establishment of the main bus, it also includes: taking energy from the main bus to control the power module to perform switching operations; when the voltage of the capacitor is greater than the preset power supply starting voltage, taking energy from the capacitor to control the power module to perform switching operations.

[0045] With this solution, when the main bus is established, the power control module can draw energy from the main bus through the corresponding power load power supply module to control the switching of the power modules. This switching operation does not require waiting for the capacitor to charge to a voltage greater than the preset power supply startup voltage, effectively improving the power module's response speed. After the capacitor has charged to a voltage greater than the preset power supply startup voltage, the power control module can also draw energy from the capacitor, achieving redundant power supply and improving the operational reliability of the control module.

[0046] In some embodiments, the operating method further includes: when a power supply failure occurs in a load power supply module currently supplying power, switching to obtain power from another load power supply module with a different power supply mode.

[0047] In the above solution, when a power supply failure occurs on the current power supply board, power is switched to another load power supply module with a different power supply method, thereby reducing the risk of power failure of the control module and further improving the operational reliability of the control module.

[0048] In some embodiments, the operating method further includes: when the starting voltage of the bus power module is less than the voltage of the capacitor, and the voltage of the capacitor is less than the voltage of the battery bus, controlling the isolation switch arranged between the battery bus and the capacitor to close.

[0049] In the above solution, when the starting voltage of the bus power module is lower than the voltage of the capacitor, and the voltage of the capacitor is lower than the voltage of the battery bus, the isolation switch is controlled to close, thereby reducing the risk of instantaneous surge current affecting the safe operation of the bus power module.

[0050] In some embodiments, the operating method further includes: in the event that any battery module fails, cutting off the failed battery module; switching to obtain power from a load power module connected to the main bus to monitor the battery status information of the failed battery module.

[0051] In the above solution, if any battery module fails, the battery module is removed and power is taken from the load power module connected to the main bus, thereby realizing status monitoring of the battery module under fault conditions and improving the safety of the battery module.

[0052] In some embodiments, the operating method further includes: when the startup conditions are met, taking energy from the redundant power supply module to control the operation of the power module; when the capacitor voltage of the capacitor is greater than the preset main power supply startup voltage, taking energy according to the redundant power supply module and the main power supply module to control the operation of the power module.

[0053] In the above solution, when the startup conditions are met, the power control board draws energy from the redundant power supply module and controls the operation of the power module without waiting for the capacitor to charge. This can achieve full-controlled charging of the energy storage valve submodule and improve the startup speed of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0054] In some embodiments, the operating method further includes: when the power module enters the bypass operating state, obtaining energy from the redundant power supply module to monitor the operating state of the power module.

[0055] After the power module is bypassed, the above solution can also be powered by a redundant power supply to monitor the operating status of the power module, support the power control board to be always powered, and further improve the operating reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0056] In some embodiments, a voltage-equalizing resistor is also arranged in parallel between the capacitor and the battery module, and the operating method also includes: when the discharge time required for the capacitor to discharge to reach a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lockout time, obtaining the maximum allowable discharge resistance value; and determining the resistance parameters of the voltage-equalizing resistor based on the maximum discharge resistance value.

[0057] The above scheme, combined with the maximum discharge resistance value required when the discharge time required for the capacitor to discharge to reach the preset safety voltage threshold is less than the preset lockout time, determines the resistance parameters of the equalizing resistor, so that the equalizing resistor is more closely matched with the energy storage valve sub-module, further improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve sub-module.

[0058] In some embodiments, the discharge time includes the sum of a first discharge time and a second discharge time, wherein the first discharge time includes: when the capacitor discharges from a preset rated operating voltage to a preset shutdown voltage threshold, the main power supply module and the equalizing resistor discharge together; the second discharge time includes: when the capacitor discharges from a preset shutdown voltage threshold to a preset safety voltage threshold, the equalizing resistor discharges alone.

[0059] The above scheme combines the first discharge duration of the stage in which the main power module and the equalizing resistor discharge together, and the second discharge duration of the stage in which the equalizing resistor discharges alone, to obtain an accurate discharge duration, thereby improving the accuracy of the resistance parameters finally determined.

[0060] The present application also provides an energy storage valve device, comprising at least one of the above-mentioned energy storage valve submodules.

[0061] In some examples, the load power supply module of the energy storage valve submodule also draws energy from at least one of a DC bus and a battery module of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0062] In the above solution, multiple energy storage valve sub-modules are arranged in the energy storage valve device. The load power supply module of the current energy storage valve sub-module can also obtain energy from the DC bus or battery module of the adjacent energy storage valve sub-module. Therefore, when the current energy storage valve sub-module fails and stops operating, energy can still be obtained from the adjacent energy storage valve sub-module to power the control module, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0063] And / or, in some embodiments, the load power supply module of the energy storage valve submodule also draws energy from the main bus of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0064] In the above solution, adjacent energy storage valve submodules are also connected to a main bus. The load power supply module of the current energy storage valve submodule can further obtain energy from the main bus of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0065] The present application also provides an energy storage system, comprising the above-mentioned energy storage valve device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without inventive work. In the drawings:

[0067] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of the present application;

[0068] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0069] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0070] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some further embodiments of the present application;

[0071] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0072] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0073] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0074] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0075] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a busbar power supply module in some embodiments of the present application;

[0076] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in other embodiments of the present application;

[0077] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0078] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage valve submodule in some further embodiments of the present application;

[0079] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit structure of an energy storage valve submodule in one embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG14 is a schematic flow chart of an operation method of an energy storage valve submodule in some embodiments of the present application;

[0081] FIG15 is a schematic flow chart of an operation method of an energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0082] FIG16 is a schematic flow chart of an operation method of an energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0083] FIG17 is a schematic flow chart of an operation method of an energy storage valve submodule in some further embodiments of the present application;

[0084] FIG18 is a schematic flow chart of an operation method of an energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0085] FIG19 is a flow chart of an operation method of the energy storage valve submodule in some other embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0087] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0088] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0089] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0090] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0091] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0092] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0093] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0094] Currently, judging by market developments, high-voltage direct-mounted energy storage is gradually gaining development and application due to its highly modular structure, which can meet the demands of high efficiency, high reliability, economy, and safety. The core component of a high-voltage direct-mounted energy storage system is the energy storage valve submodule. Each energy storage valve submodule includes an integrated power section and an energy storage section. Multiple energy storage valve submodules are connected to form an energy storage system. Typically, energy storage valve submodules are connected in a cascaded manner to form a cascaded energy storage system. Therefore, the reliable operation of the energy storage valve submodule directly affects the operation of the energy storage system, making it particularly important to improve the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0095] However, the energy storage valve modules often experience power outages during operation. A power outage in any of these modules can directly impact the stable operation of the energy storage system, and in severe cases, can cause the entire system to shut down. Research has found that power outages in the energy storage valve modules are often caused by power outages in the control module. Mitigating power outages in the control module is an effective way to improve the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0096] Based on the above considerations, in order to alleviate the phenomenon of power failure of the control module, two or more power supply modules can be set for the control module, and the control module can be redundantly powered by two or more power supply modules. In the event of a power failure in the current power supply module, the control module can be powered by other non-failed power supply modules, thereby reducing the possibility of power failure in the control module.

[0097] Furthermore, considering that the energy storage valve submodule has a single energy extraction position (generally through the battery bus), if the power supply modules are all set to extract energy from the same position, it may be possible that due to a failure in the energy extraction position, each power supply module will be unable to supply power to the control module. In the technical solution of the present application, a load power supply module, a bus power supply module and a main bus are set in the energy storage valve submodule, and electric energy is obtained through the bus power supply module. A main bus is established outside the battery bus to increase the energy extraction points of the load power supply module. Each load power supply module can extract energy from at least one of the battery bus, capacitor, battery module and main bus, thereby enriching the energy extraction position. The bus power supply module and at least one load power supply module supply power to the control module, further reducing the possibility of power failure of the control module and improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0098] Using the above solution, during the operation of the energy storage valve submodule, any load power module can first draw energy from at least one of the battery bus, capacitor, battery module, and main bus to power the control module. In the event of a power failure in the currently powered load power module, the control module switches to another load power module for power supply. Specifically, the load power module after switching can draw energy from the same location as the load power module that had a power failure, or it can draw energy from a different location, as long as there is no power failure.

[0099] Furthermore, the above solution can also be to use a load power supply module to draw energy from at least one of the battery bus, capacitor, battery module and main bus to power the control module; in the event of a power supply failure in the load power supply module, the control module can switch to power supply through the bus power supply module, or in the event of a power supply failure in the bus power supply module, switch to power supply through the load power supply module, thereby realizing redundant power supply for the control module.

[0100] This power supply switching method can effectively reduce the possibility of power failure of the control module, that is, reduce the possibility of power failure of the energy storage valve submodule, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage system.

[0101] The energy storage valve submodule provided in the present application is applied in an energy storage system. Specifically, the energy storage valve submodule is applied in an electrochemical energy storage system, that is, an energy storage system that stores, releases and manages energy through batteries. Furthermore, the type of electrochemical energy storage system is not unique, as long as it is an electrochemical energy storage system that needs to be built using an energy storage valve submodule. For example, in a more detailed embodiment, the electrochemical energy storage system includes a high-voltage direct-hung energy storage system. In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following embodiments can all be understood as the energy storage valve submodule being applied in a high-voltage direct-hung energy storage system.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 1. The present application provides an energy storage valve submodule, including a power module 101, a battery module 102, a battery bus 103, a capacitor C, a bus power module 104, a load power module 106 and a control module 107. The capacitor C is connected in parallel with the power module 101, and the two ends of the capacitor C are respectively connected to the battery module 102 through the battery bus 103; the bus power module 104 is connected to the battery bus 103; the load power module 106 draws energy from at least one of the battery bus 103, the capacitor C, and the battery module 102 (not shown in the figure); the control module 107 is respectively connected to the bus power module 104 and the load power module 106, and the control module 107 is also respectively connected to the battery module 102 and the power module 101 (not shown in the figure).

[0103] Specifically, the power module 101 is a device used to connect to an external load and implement power conversion control. The battery module 102 is a device used to store electrical energy and can be charged and discharged through the battery bus 103 under the control of the control module 107. The battery bus 103 is a common electrical channel connected between the battery module 102 and the power module 101, outputting electrical energy from the battery module 102 or inputting electrical energy to the battery module 102. The bus power module 104 is a power supply device that draws energy from the battery bus 103, stores it, and converts it to provide power.

[0104] The load power module 106 is a power supply device that draws energy from the energy storage valve submodule's energy extraction point, stores it, and converts it into the electrical energy required for load operation. The specific type of load is not limited to a single one and can be any load requiring electrical energy within the energy storage valve submodule. More specifically, the load can be the control module 107. The form of the load power module 106 is also not limited to a single one and can be a board power supply or other power supply types, without specific limitation.

[0105] The control module 107 is a device that integrates the control components related to the energy storage valve submodule, and is used to realize the operation control of the power module 101 and / or the battery module 102. Similarly, the specific form of the control module 107 is not unique, and it can be a control device in the form of a board card, etc., which is not specifically limited. Correspondingly, depending on the form of the control module 107, its connection method in the energy storage valve submodule will also be different. If the control module 107 is a device used to control the operation of the power module 101, the control module 107 needs to be connected to the power module 101 accordingly. In another embodiment, if the control module 107 is a device used to control the operation of the battery module 102, the control module 107 needs to be connected to the battery module 102 accordingly.

[0106] In more detail, in one embodiment, the control module 107 has the operation control functions of the power module 101 and the battery module 102 , and accordingly the power module 101 and the battery module 102 need to be connected to the control module 107 respectively.

[0107] In the solution of this embodiment, the power supply module used to power the control module 107 includes a bus power supply module 104 and a load power supply module 106. The bus power supply module 104 draws energy from the battery bus 103, and the load power supply module 106 draws energy from at least one of the capacitor C, the battery bus 103, and the battery module 102. The bus power supply module 104 and the load power supply module 106 are used to achieve redundant power supply for the control module 107.

[0108] In the above solution, in the energy storage valve submodule, the battery busbar 103 connecting the battery module 102 and the capacitor C is also connected to the busbar power module 104, which is further connected to the control module 107. The load power module 106 can draw energy from at least one of the capacitor C, the battery busbar 104, and the battery module 102, ultimately supplying power to the control module 107 through the busbar power module 104 and the load power module 106. With this solution, in the event of a power failure in the load power module 106, the control module 107 can switch to the busbar power module 104 for power. Alternatively, in the event of a power failure in the busbar power module 104, power can be switched to the load power module 106, thus achieving redundant power supply for the control module 107. This alleviates the problem of energy storage system shutdown caused by power failure in the control module 107.

[0109] In the energy storage valve submodule, capacitor C primarily provides voltage support, energy storage, and current balancing during operation. Therefore, in one embodiment, the capacitor includes a DC support capacitor. This allows the energy storage valve submodule to function while also improving its ability to withstand high voltage and high current.

[0110] It is understood that in other embodiments, the capacitor C can also be set as a DC capacitor of other forms to adapt to the energy storage valve submodule, such as a thin film capacitor, etc., without specific limitation. To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the capacitor C involved in the following embodiments can be understood as a DC support capacitor.

[0111] It should be noted that the bus power module 104 is not the only way to power the control module 107. In one embodiment, the bus power module 104 can be directly connected to the control module 107 for power supply. In another embodiment, referring to FIG2 , the energy storage valve submodule further includes a main bus 105, which is connected to the bus power module 104. The number of load power modules 106 is more than two, and at least one load power module 106 draws energy from at least one of the capacitor C (not shown), the battery bus 103, and the battery module 102. At least one load power module 106 draws energy from the main bus 105.

[0112] Specifically, the main bus 105 is a common electrical channel for outputting the power of the bus power module 104. In this embodiment, the bus power module 104 supplies power to the control module 107, which is achieved through the main bus 105 and the load power module 106.

[0113] When the energy storage valve submodule meets the startup conditions, the control module 107 will first control any battery module 102 to connect to the battery bus 103. At this time, the power of the battery module 102 is transmitted to the battery bus 103. The bus power module 104 obtains power from the battery bus 103 and converts it into power of appropriate magnitude to transmit to the main bus 105, completing the establishment of the main bus 105. After the main bus 105 is established, the control module 107 will control the remaining battery modules 102 to connect to the battery bus 103 to quickly charge the capacitor C.

[0114] It is understood that the specific type of main bus 105 is not limited to a single type; it can be either a DC bus or an AC bus. Furthermore, the voltage of main bus 105 is not specifically limited and can be set based on actual needs. For example, in a more detailed embodiment, considering that each control module 107 in the energy storage valve submodule is powered by DC, main bus 105 is a DC bus, and the output voltage of main bus 105 is 220V (volts), main bus 105 is specifically a 220V DC main bus.

[0115] It should be noted that in one embodiment, the busbar power module 104, main busbar 105, load power module 106, and control module 107 of the energy storage valve submodule are integrated with the battery module 102 in the same cabinet to form an electrical cabinet. In other embodiments, one or more of the busbar power module 104, main busbar 105, load power module 106, and control module 107 may be independently provided relative to the battery module 102. This is not a specific limitation and can be configured based on the actual circuit layout.

[0116] It is understood that the number of load power supply modules 106 is not limited. One, two, or more load power supply modules 106 can be provided, as long as redundant power supply for the control module 107 can be achieved. The load power supply modules 106 can draw power from the same location, such as the main bus 105, or from different locations, without specific limitation.

[0117] In a more detailed embodiment, the number of load power modules 106 is set to two, and one of the load power modules 106 draws energy from the battery bus 103, that is, the two ends of the load power module 106 are respectively connected to the battery bus 103 and the control module 107; the other load power module 106 draws energy from the main bus 105, and the two ends of the load power module 106 are respectively connected to the main bus 105 and the control module 107.

[0118] It can be understood that in a more detailed embodiment, the battery bus 103 includes a positive end battery bus (equivalent to the positive electrode) and a negative end battery bus (equivalent to the negative electrode). And / or, the main bus 105 includes a positive end main bus (equivalent to the positive electrode) and a negative end main bus (equivalent to the negative electrode). Both ends of the positive end battery bus and the negative end battery bus are respectively connected to the battery module 102 and the power module 101, the positive end battery bus and the negative end battery bus are both connected to the bus power module 104, and the positive end main bus and the negative end main bus are both connected to the bus power module 104. When the load power module 106 draws energy from the battery bus 103 or the main bus 105, it is necessary to connect the positive and negative ends of the corresponding bus at the same time.

[0119] In the above solution, a main bus 105 is further constructed between the bus power module 104 and the control module 107. The load power module 106 draws energy from the main bus 105, so that the bus power module 104 supplies power to the control module 107, effectively improving the power supply safety and reliability of the control module 107.

[0120] In the above embodiment, multiple load power modules 106 are provided, and the bus power module 104 is indirectly connected to the control module via the main bus 105 to provide power. In another embodiment, a load power module 106 can be provided in the same energy storage valve submodule, with the bus power module 104 directly connected to the control module 107. The load power module 106 is simultaneously connected to at least one of the capacitor C, the battery bus 103, the battery module 102, and the main bus 105 to draw energy, and cooperates with the bus power module 104 to provide redundant power to the control module 107.

[0121] Alternatively, the number of load power supply modules 106 is set to one, and the bus power supply module 104 is used to modulate the voltage of the main bus 105 to be consistent with the voltage required by the control module 107. The main bus 105 is directly connected to the control module 107. In this case, the load power supply module 106 is simultaneously connected to at least one of the capacitor C, the battery bus 103, and the battery module 102 to obtain energy, and cooperates with the main bus 105 to provide redundant power to the control module 107.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 3. In some embodiments, the control module 107 includes a power control module 201, and the load power supply module 106 includes a power load power supply module 202. The power load power supply module 202 and the power module 101 are respectively connected to the power control module 201, and at least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to the capacitor C, and at least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to the main bus 105.

[0123] Specifically, the power control module 201 is the control module 107 used to control the operation of the power module 101. The power load power supply module 202 is a device used to supply power to the power control module 201. In this embodiment, the number of power load power supply modules 202 is redundantly set, and two or more power load power supply modules 202 are used to supply power to the power control module 201. In addition, the power supply modules 202 have redundant energy supply locations. At least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to a capacitor C, draws energy from the capacitor C, and supplies it to the power control module 201. At least one power load power supply module 202 is connected to the main bus 105, draws energy from the main bus 105, and supplies it to the power control module 201.

[0124] FIG3 takes the example of two power load power supply modules 202. Accordingly, one of the power load power supply modules 202 is connected to the capacitor C, and the other power load power supply module 202 is connected to the main bus 105. During the process of supplying power to the power control module 201, if a power supply failure occurs in one of the power load power supply modules 202 (which may be a failure of the power load power supply module 202 or a failure at another location in the power supply line where the power load power supply module 202 is located), the power control module 201 can switch to supplying power to another power load power supply module 202 with a different energy access location, thereby achieving higher power supply reliability.

[0125] It should be noted that the control functions implemented by the power control module 201 are not unique and may vary depending on the structure of the actual power module 101. In a more detailed embodiment, the main functions of the power control module 201 include, but are not limited to, controlling the closing / opening of the bypass switch of the power module 101, driving the power switch device of the power module 101 on / off, and receiving and transmitting the status information of the bypass switch and the power switch device to an upper-level server.

[0126] The above scheme is used to control the operation of the power module 101. The power control module 201 is connected to two or more power load power supply modules 202. The power load power supply module 202 can obtain energy from the capacitor C and the main bus 105 to achieve redundant power supply for the power control module 201 and improve the operational reliability of the power control module 201.

[0127] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, in some embodiments, the control module 107 further includes a battery control module 301, and the load power module 106 further includes a battery load power module 302. The battery load power module 302 is connected to the battery control module 301, and at least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the battery bus 103, at least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105, or both battery load power modules 302 are connected to the main bus 105.

[0128] Specifically, the battery control module 301 is a device that receives battery status information sent by each battery module 102 and sends operation control signals to each battery module 102. The battery load power supply module 302 is a device used to supply power to the battery control module 301.

[0129] In one embodiment, the number of battery load power modules 302 is redundantly configured, with two or more battery load power modules 302 being used to power the battery control module 301. Each battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105 and draws energy from the main bus 105. If a power failure occurs in the current battery load power module 302, another battery load power module 302 is switched to provide power.

[0130] In another embodiment, not only is the number of battery load power modules 302 redundant, but the energy drawing locations of the battery load power modules 302 are also redundant. At least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the battery bus 103, draws energy from the battery bus 103, and supplies energy to the battery control module 301. At least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105, draws energy from the main bus 105, and supplies energy to the battery control module 301.

[0131] FIG5 uses two battery load power modules 302 as an example. Accordingly, one battery load power module 302 is connected to the battery bus 103, and the other battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105. During the power supply process of the battery control module 301, if a power supply failure occurs in one of the battery load power modules 302 (this may be a failure of the battery load power module 302 or a failure at another location in the power supply circuit where the battery load power module 302 is located), the battery control module 301 can switch to another battery load power module 302 with a different energy access location for power supply, thereby achieving higher power supply reliability.

[0132] The above scheme is used to receive the operating status information of different battery modules 102 and issue control instructions to the battery module 102. The battery control module 301 is connected to more than two battery load power modules 302 to achieve redundant power supply for the battery control module 301 and improve the operating reliability of the battery control module 301.

[0133] Please refer to Figure 6. In some embodiments, the control module 107 also includes an electrical cabinet control module 501, and the load power supply module 106 also includes an electrical cabinet load power supply module 502. Each battery module 102 is correspondingly provided with an electrical cabinet control module 501 and two or more electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502. Each electrical cabinet control module 501 is respectively connected to the battery module 102 and the battery control module 301. Each electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 corresponding to each battery module 102 is respectively connected to the corresponding electrical cabinet control module 501, and at least one electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 is connected to the battery module 102, and at least one electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 is connected to the main bus 105.

[0134] Specifically, in the energy storage valve sub-module, multiple battery modules 102 are often provided, and each battery module 102 includes multiple batteries connected in series and / or parallel. In order to achieve independent control of each battery module 102 and independent operation of the battery module 102, in the same energy storage valve sub-module, an electrical cabinet control module 501 and more than two electrical cabinet load power supply modules 502 are correspondingly provided for each battery module 102.

[0135] The electrical cabinet control module 501 controls the corresponding battery module 102; the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 provides power to the electrical cabinet control module 501. For each battery module 102, the electrical cabinet control module 501 that controls it is connected to the battery control module 301 of the energy storage valve submodule. Battery status information from each battery module 102 is transmitted to the battery control module 301 via its corresponding electrical cabinet control module 501. Control signals from the battery control module 301 are then transmitted to the corresponding electrical cabinet control module 501, which then controls the operation of the corresponding battery module 102 (e.g., enabling charging and discharging functions).

[0136] This embodiment employs redundant configuration of the cabinet load power modules 502, employing two or more cabinet load power modules 502 to power one cabinet control module 501. Furthermore, the power supply locations of the cabinet load power modules 502 are redundant, with at least one cabinet load power module 502 connected to the battery module 102, drawing energy from the battery module 102 to supply the power cabinet control board. At least one cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the main bus 105, drawing energy from the main bus 105 and supplying it to the cabinet control module 501.

[0137] Taking the example of two electrical cabinet load power modules 502, one electrical cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the battery module 102, and the other electrical cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the main bus 105. During the power supply process of the electrical cabinet control module 501, if a power supply failure occurs in one of the electrical cabinet load power modules 502 (this may be a failure of the electrical cabinet load power module 502, or a failure at another location in the power supply circuit where the electrical cabinet load power module 502 is located), the electrical cabinet control module 501 can switch to another electrical cabinet load power module 502 with a different energy access location for power supply, thereby achieving higher power supply reliability.

[0138] The above scheme is used to control the operation of the battery module 102. The electrical cabinet control module 501 is connected to more than two electrical cabinet load power modules 502. The electrical cabinet load power modules 502 can obtain energy from the battery module 102 and the main bus 105 to achieve redundant power supply to the electrical cabinet control module 501 and improve the operation reliability of the electrical cabinet control module 501.

[0139] It should be noted that the specific structures of the power load power supply module 202, battery load power supply module 302, and cabinet load power supply module 502 are not exclusive. The structures of the various load power supply modules 106 may be identical or different, and are not specifically limited thereto. For example, in a more detailed embodiment, each of the load power supply modules 106 includes at least two components: an energy storage device and a DC converter. The energy storage device is used to temporarily store captured electrical energy, and the DC converter is used to convert the electrical energy into a voltage suitable for the electrical device during the power supply process, thereby achieving reliable power supply.

[0140] Please refer to Figure 7. In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a black start switch K0, a first end of the black start switch K0 is connected to the battery control module 301, and a second end of the black start switch K0 is connected to any one of the electrical cabinet load power modules 502 connected to the battery module 102.

[0141] Specifically, a black start refers to a complete blackout of the energy storage system after it shuts down due to a fault (this does not exclude isolated small power grids from maintaining operation). The system is in a completely "black" state, without relying on other network assistance. It is started by a device with self-starting capability in the energy storage system, which drives other devices to start, gradually expanding the scope of system recovery, and ultimately achieving recovery of the entire system. The black start switch K0 is a switch device used to implement the black start function. During the black start process, by triggering the black start switch K0, the battery control module 301 obtains power from the battery module 102 of the energy storage system, and then controls each battery module 102 to connect to the energy storage valve submodule, ultimately causing the energy storage valve submodule to start and operate, thus achieving the black start operation of the energy storage system.

[0142] It should be noted that, in a more detailed embodiment, in order to facilitate line layout and reduce line costs, the black start switch K0 draws energy from the nearest battery module 102, that is, the second end of the black start switch K0 is connected to the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the battery module 102, and the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 closest to the battery control module 301 is connected.

[0143] In the above solution, a black start switch K0 is provided between the battery control module 301 and the electrical cabinet load power module 502. When the energy storage valve submodule stops operating due to a fault or other reasons, energy is drawn from the battery module 102 to complete the black start operation, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0144] Please refer to Figure 7. In some embodiments, the battery module 102 includes a battery S, a pre-charging resistor R1, a pre-charging switch device K1, a first charging switch device K2 and a second charging switch device K3. The first end of the battery S is connected to the first end of the pre-charging resistor R1 and the first end of the first charging switch device K2, the second end of the pre-charging resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the pre-charging switch device K1, the second end of the pre-charging switch device K1 is connected to the second end of the first charging switch device K2 and the battery bus 103, the second end of the battery S is connected to the first end of the second charging switch device K3, and the second end of the second charging switch device K3 is connected to the battery bus 103.

[0145] Specifically, the battery module 102 includes a normal charge and discharge circuit and a pre-charge circuit. The first end of the battery S is connected to the battery bus 103 via a pre-charge resistor R1 and a pre-charge switch device K1. Specifically, it can be connected to the positive or negative pole of the battery bus 103, that is, it can be connected to the positive or negative battery bus. The second end of the battery S is connected to the battery bus 103 via a second charge switch device K3. It can also be the positive or negative pole of the battery bus 103, as long as the connection is different from that of the first end of the battery S. The first end of the battery module 102 is also connected to the battery bus 103 via the first charge switch device K2. The pre-charge circuit is formed by the pre-charge resistor R1, the pre-charge switch device K1, the battery bus 103, and the second switch device. The normal charge circuit is formed by the first charge switch device K2, the battery bus 103, and the second charge switch device K3. During operation, the pre-charge circuit is first connected for charging, and then the normal charge circuit is switched on to achieve normal charging, thereby improving operational reliability.

[0146] It should be noted that the above-mentioned pre-charging circuit or normal charging circuit can be the battery S pre-charging or charging the load, or the external load pre-charging or charging the battery S, and there is no specific limitation. The battery S in the battery module 102 can be a battery pack formed by multiple single cells connected in series or in parallel, or a battery device formed by multiple battery packs connected in series or in parallel, or a single single cell, and there is no specific limitation and it can be set according to actual needs.

[0147] In the above solution, the battery module 102 is provided with a pre-charging circuit and a charging circuit. During the high-voltage startup process, pre-charging is first achieved through the pre-charging resistor R1, the pre-charging switch device K1 and the second charging switch device K3, and then high-voltage startup is achieved through the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3, thereby improving the safety of high-voltage power-on.

[0148] In some embodiments, the load power module 106 and the bus power module 104 that draw power from the battery bus 103 have a low power consumption operation mode, and / or are connected to the battery bus 103 via a normally closed switch device.

[0149] Specifically, in the solution of this embodiment, the power module 101 of the energy storage valve submodule has a bypass function. After the energy storage valve submodule is bypassed, according to the power-off process of the energy storage system, the control module 107 controls the normal charging circuit of the battery module 102 to be disconnected, that is, the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 are disconnected to alleviate the phenomenon of continuous power consumption of the battery S by the load, which may cause over-discharge of the battery S. Specifically, in one embodiment, after the electrical cabinet control module 501 receives information from the battery control module 301, it can control the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 to be disconnected.

[0150] However, research has found that during the actual disconnection process of the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3, there is a risk of adhesion between the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3, and the battery S cannot be reliably removed, posing a certain safety hazard.

[0151] The load power modules 106 that draw power from the battery bus 103 are load power modules that transmit power through the battery bus 103. In one embodiment, since capacitor C charges and discharges through the battery bus 103, drawing power from the power module 101 is equivalent to drawing power from the battery bus 103. Through the configuration of this embodiment, after the submodules are bypassed, each load power module 106 and bus power module 104 that draw power from the battery bus 103 enters a low-power mode, and / or their normally closed switching devices are disconnected.

[0152] In the above solution, the load power supply module 106 and the busbar battery module 102 that draw power from the battery bus 103 are configured with a low-power operation mode, or a normally closed switch device is provided between them and the battery bus 103. After the energy storage valve submodule is bypassed, the load power supply module 106 and the busbar battery module 102 that draw power from the battery bus 103 enter the low-power operation mode, or the normally closed switch device is disconnected, thereby alleviating the safety hazard to the battery module 102 caused by the adhesion of the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3.

[0153] Please refer to Figure 7. In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes an isolating switch 108. The two ends of the capacitor C are connected to the battery bus 103 through the isolating switch 108. The main bus 105 and the control module 107 are connected to the isolating switch 108 respectively.

[0154] Specifically, the isolating switch 108 is a switching device used to electrically isolate connected modules. In this embodiment, to electrically isolate the power module 101 from the battery module 102 after the power module 101 is bypassed, an isolating switch 108 is provided between the capacitor C and the battery module 102. Specifically, the battery bus 103 is connected to the capacitor C via the isolating switch 108. To enable on / off control of the isolating switch 108, the isolating switch 108 is also connected to the control module 107. Furthermore, to power the isolating switch 108, the isolating switch 108 is further connected to the main bus 105.

[0155] In more detail, in one embodiment, the battery bus 103 includes a positive battery bus and a negative battery bus, and the positive battery bus and the negative battery bus are respectively connected to the capacitor C. Therefore, the number of isolation switches 108 can be set to two, and the positive battery bus is connected to one end of the capacitor C through the first isolation switch 108, and the negative battery bus is connected to the other end of the capacitor C through the second isolation switch 108.

[0156] In the above solution, the battery busbar 103 is connected to the capacitor C via the isolating switch 108 , thereby achieving electrical isolation between the battery busbar 103 and the power module 101 according to actual operation requirements, thereby improving the operation safety of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0157] Please refer to Figure 8. In some embodiments, the bus power module 104 includes a first bus power module 701 and a second bus power module 702. The first bus power module 701 is connected to the battery bus 103 and the main bus 105 respectively, and the second bus power module 702 is connected to the battery bus 103 and the isolation switch 108 respectively.

[0158] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are two busbar power modules 104. The first busbar power module 701 is connected between the battery busbar 103 and the main busbar 105 to form the main busbar 105. The second busbar power module 702 is connected between the battery busbar 103 and the disconnector 108 to draw energy from the battery busbar 103, convert it, and then supply power to the disconnector 108. In other words, in this embodiment, the power supply to the disconnector 108 is redundantly configured. In the event of a main busbar 105 failure, the disconnector 108 can draw energy from the second busbar power module 702.

[0159] It should be noted that, in one embodiment, to achieve redundant power supply for the battery control module 301, at least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the second bus power module 702, and at least one battery load power module 302 is connected to the main bus 105. In other words, in this embodiment, the second bus power module 702 can be used not only for redundant power supply of the disconnect switch 108, but also for redundant power supply of the battery control module 301. The second bus power module 702 converts electrical energy from the battery bus 103 into electrical energy of an appropriate magnitude (e.g., 24V) to power the disconnect switch 108 and the battery control module 301.

[0160] In the above solution, the bus power module 104 includes a first bus power module 701 and a second bus power module 702, so that the disconnector 108 can obtain energy from the main bus 105 and the battery bus 103, thereby realizing redundant power supply for the disconnector 108 and improving the driving reliability of the disconnector 108.

[0161] Please refer to Figure 9. In some embodiments, the bus power module 104 includes a switching device D1, an energy storage device C1 and a DC converter 801. The battery bus 103 is connected to the energy storage device C1 through the switching device D1. The energy storage device C1 is connected to the DC converter 801. The DC converter 801 is connected to the battery bus 103 and the main bus 105 (not shown).

[0162] Specifically, C in the figure represents a capacitor. When the isolating switch 108 is closed, capacitor C is connected to the battery bus 103, causing a rapid discharge of the energy storage device C1 on the input side of the bus power module 104. This causes a sudden voltage drop on the input side of the bus power module 104, rendering the bus power module 104 unable to operate normally. In this embodiment, the structure of the bus power module 104 differs somewhat from that of the other load power modules 106. The DC converter is connected to the battery bus 103 (specifically, the negative battery bus) and also to the main bus 105 to provide power to the main bus 105. A switch device D1 is provided on the input side of the bus power module 104. That is, the energy storage device C1 of the bus power module 104 is connected to the battery bus 103 (specifically, the positive battery bus) via the switch device D1, preventing the bus power module 104 from discharging to the battery bus 103 when the isolating switch 108 is closed.

[0163] It is understood that the specific type of switching device D1 is not limited to a single device; any device capable of restricting the direction of electrical energy flow, allowing the battery bus 103 to discharge to the bus power module 104 while preventing the bus power module 104 from discharging to the battery bus 103, is acceptable. For example, in a more detailed embodiment, the switching device D1 comprises a diode, with the anode of the diode connected to the battery bus 103 and the cathode of the diode connected to the energy storage device C1.

[0164] It should be noted that the specific type of the energy storage device C1 is not limited, and any device that can store electrical energy can be used. For example, in a more detailed embodiment, the energy storage device C1 includes a capacitor.

[0165] Furthermore, in a more detailed embodiment, when controlling the disconnector 108 to close, the following conditions must be met: the starting voltage of the bus power module 104 is less than the voltage of the capacitor C, and the voltage of the capacitor C is less than the voltage of the battery bus 103. With this solution, the voltage of the capacitor C is less than the voltage of the battery bus 103 when the disconnector is closed, which can mitigate the impact of transient inrush current on the internal components of the bus power module 104 and effectively improve the safety performance of the bus power module 104.

[0166] In the above solution, at the moment the isolating switch 108 is closed, the capacitor C is connected to the battery bus 103 for rapid discharge, which will cause the voltage on the bus power input side to drop sharply. By providing a switching device D1 between the bus power module 104 and the battery bus 103, the impact of the instantaneous surge current on the bus power module 104 is reduced, thereby improving the safety of the bus power module 104.

[0167] Please refer to Figure 7 or Figure 8. In some embodiments, the power module 101 includes a power unit 601 and a bypass switch P1. The first AC end of the power unit 601 is used to connect the first end of the bypass switch P1 and the power unit of the previous energy storage valve submodule. The second AC end of the power unit 601 is used to connect the second end of the bypass switch P1 and the power unit of the next energy storage valve submodule. The first DC end and the second DC end of the power unit 601 are respectively connected to the capacitor C, and the control end of the power unit 601 is connected to the control module 107 (not shown).

[0168] Specifically, the specific structure of the power module 101 is not unique. In the solution of this embodiment, the power module 101 includes a power unit 601 and a bypass switch P1. The capacitor C is used to store electrical energy and realizes charging and discharging under the control of the control module 107. The power unit 601 is used for power conversion, and the bypass switch P1 is used to bypass the power unit 601 when there is a bypass demand.

[0169] Furthermore, the power unit 601 can be a full-bridge structure or a half-bridge structure. In a more detailed embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 or Figure 8, and take the half-bridge structure as an example for explanation. The power unit 601 includes a first power switch T1 and a second power switch T2. The first end of the first power switch T1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C and the battery bus 103, the second end of the first power switch T1 is connected to the first end of the bypass switch P1 and the first end of the second power switch T2, the second end of the second power switch T2 is connected to the second end of the bypass switch P1 and the second end of the capacitor C, and the third end of the first power switch T1 and the third end of the second power switch T2 are respectively connected to the power control module 201.

[0170] In the above solution, a bypass switch P1 is provided between the power unit 601 and the external circuit to implement bypass operation control of the power module 101, thereby meeting the bypass operation requirement of the power module 101 and improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0171] Furthermore, research has found that power failure of the control module 107 of the energy storage valve submodule is often caused by power failure of the power control board. Therefore, alleviating the power failure of the power control board is an effective means to improve the operational reliability of the energy storage system.

[0172] Based on the above considerations, please refer to Figure 10. In some embodiments, the control module 107 includes a power control board 1071, the bus power module 104 includes a redundant power module 1041, and the load power module 106 includes a main power module 1061. The redundant power module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 through a battery bus (not shown in the figure), the main power module 1061 is connected to the capacitor C, and the redundant power module 1041, the main power module 1061 and the power module 101 are respectively connected to the power control board 1071.

[0173] Specifically, the main power module 1061 is used to store and convert the electrical energy of the capacitor C and transmit it to the power control card for power supply. The redundant power module 1041 is used to store and convert the electrical energy of the battery module 102 and transmit it to the power control card 1071 for power supply.

[0174] The energy storage valve device includes multiple energy storage valve submodules. Taking a cascade energy storage valve system as an example, multiple energy storage valve submodules are cascaded, specifically the power modules 101 of the energy storage valve submodules are cascaded, to form an energy storage valve device. Therefore, in the same energy storage valve device, the number of power modules 101, power control board 1071, main power module 1061, redundant power module 1041, and battery module 102 is not unique. By connecting one power module 101, one power control board 1071, one main power module 1061, one redundant power module 1041, and one battery module 102, a single energy storage valve submodule can be constructed. Multiple energy storage valve submodules can be cascaded to further form an energy storage valve device.

[0175] In the same energy storage valve submodule, the power control board 1071 is used to control the operation of the power module 101. The main power supply module 1061 obtains energy from the capacitor C, stores and converts it to power the power control board 1071. The redundant power supply module 1041 obtains energy from the battery module 102. Specifically, it can obtain energy from any battery module 102 in the energy storage valve device, and store and convert it to power the power control board 1071.

[0176] In this embodiment, when the energy storage valve submodule meets the startup conditions, the power control board 1071 first draws energy from the redundant power supply module 1041 and outputs corresponding control signals to the power module 101 to control the operation of the power module 101. During this process, the battery module 102 continuously charges the capacitor C. When the capacitor voltage of the capacitor C exceeds the preset main power startup voltage, the main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041 supply power to the power control board 1071, thereby controlling the power module 101.

[0177] Specifically, when the capacitor voltage of capacitor C is greater than the preset main power startup voltage, the power control board 1071 switches to drawing energy from the main power module 1061, and supplies power through the energy stored in capacitor C. If a power failure occurs in the main power module 1061 or the capacitor voltage drops below the preset main power startup voltage, the power control board 1071 switches to drawing energy from the redundant power module 1041 until the main power module 1061 resumes operation, at which point it switches back to drawing energy from the main power module 1061 to provide power.

[0178] The specific structures of the main power module 1061 and the redundant power module 1041 are not unique. The structures of the main power module 1061 and the redundant power module 1041 can be the same or different, depending on actual needs. For example, in a more detailed embodiment, the main power module 1061 and the redundant power module 1041 have the same structure, each including an energy storage unit and a DC conversion unit. The energy storage unit is connected to the power module 101 or to the battery module 102, and the energy storage unit is connected to the DC conversion unit, which is in turn connected to the power control board 1071. More specifically, the energy storage unit can be a battery, a capacitor, etc., without specific limitation.

[0179] It should be noted that the number of main power modules 1061 and redundant power modules 1041 is not unique. In one embodiment, one main power module 1061 and one redundant power module 1041 may be provided, respectively, to provide power to the power control board 1071 through power access location redundancy. In another embodiment, two or more main power modules 1061 may be provided, and in the case of power access location redundancy, power supply quantity redundancy may be further provided to the power control board 1071. And / or, in another embodiment, two or more redundant power modules 1041 may be provided, and in the case of power access location redundancy, power supply quantity redundancy may be further provided to the power control board 1071.

[0180] In the above solution, the busbar power module 104 includes a redundant power module 1041, and the load power module 106 includes a main power module 1061. The redundant power module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 via the battery busbar 103 and draws energy from the battery module 102. The main power module 1061 is connected to the capacitor C and draws energy from the capacitor C. In this way, the power control card 1071 can draw energy from the capacitor C and the battery module 102 to achieve redundant power supply operation, which can reduce the possibility of power loss in the power control card 1071 of the energy storage valve submodule, thereby alleviating the phenomenon of energy storage system or power system shutdown due to power loss in the power control card 1071.

[0181] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 10 , the redundant power supply module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 in the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module 101 .

[0182] Specifically, the energy storage valve device includes more than two energy storage valve submodules, and each energy storage valve submodule includes a power module 101, a capacitor C, a power control board 1071, and a battery module 102. In the solution of this embodiment, in the energy storage valve device, the power control board 1071 of the same energy storage valve submodule is obtained by the internal energy storage valve submodule. Specifically, in the same energy storage valve submodule, the main power module 1061 obtains energy from the capacitor C, while the redundant power module 1041 obtains energy from the battery module 102, thereby realizing redundant power supply operation of the power control board 1071. In this way, the power supply line routing of the same energy storage valve submodule is realized inside the energy storage valve submodule, and the power supply line will not cross the energy storage valve submodule. The routing method is simple, and the possibility of problems such as insulation and interference is low.

[0183] In the above solution, the redundant power supply module 1041 draws energy from the battery module 102, which belongs to the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module 101. That is, the redundant power supply of the power control board 1071 is realized through the energy storage valve submodule controlled by the power control board 1071. The power supply method is simple, effectively reducing the complexity of the circuit layout.

[0184] Please refer to FIG. 11 . In some embodiments, the redundant power supply module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 in the energy storage valve submodule 111 other than the energy storage valve submodule 111 to which the power module 101 belongs.

[0185] Specifically, the energy storage valve device includes more than two energy storage valve submodules 111, and each energy storage valve submodule 111 includes a power module 101, a capacitor C, a power control board 1071, and a battery module 102. During operation, the energy storage valve device often controls the switching of each energy storage valve submodule 111 according to actual operating requirements, and the power module 101 of the energy storage valve submodule 111 is in bypass operation. When the energy storage valve submodule 111 enters the bypass operation state, the connection between the battery module 102 and the power module 101 will be cut off, for example, by disconnecting the isolating switch, etc., and the battery module 102 cannot exchange energy with the power module 101, the capacitor C discharges rapidly, and the main power module 1061 stops operating.

[0186] To achieve real-time monitoring of power module 101, power control board 1071 must be constantly powered, at which point it will switch to drawing power from redundant power supply module 1041. Because battery module 102 cannot exchange energy with the grid, its stored energy is limited. To improve the endurance of power control board 1071, this embodiment implements a solution where redundant power supply module 1041 connects to the battery modules 102 of other energy storage valve submodules 111 other than its own energy storage valve submodule 111, utilizing these other battery modules 102 for power.

[0187] It can be understood that when the redundant power supply module 1041 is connected to the battery module 102 of other energy storage valve sub-modules 111 other than the energy storage valve sub-module 111 to which it belongs, the specific connection location is not unique. In a more detailed embodiment, in order to minimize the power supply line routing and alleviate the line complexity, the redundant power supply module 1041 can be connected to the battery module 102 of the energy storage valve sub-module 111 adjacent to the energy storage valve sub-module 111 to which it belongs, and draw energy from the battery module 102 of the adjacent energy storage valve sub-module 111.

[0188] In the above solution, the redundant power supply module 1041 draws energy from the battery modules 102 of other energy storage valve submodules 111 other than the energy storage valve submodule 111 where the power module 101 is located. After the energy storage valve submodule 111 where the power module 101 is located is bypassed, there is no need for the battery module 102 of the energy storage valve submodule 111 where the power module 101 is located to continuously discharge, thereby improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0189] Please refer to FIG. 12 . In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule further includes a voltage balancing resistor R. The voltage balancing resistor R is connected in parallel with the capacitor C. The battery module 102 is connected to the voltage balancing resistor R.

[0190] Specifically, the voltage-equalizing resistor R is a resistor that uses the principle of resistor voltage division to achieve voltage equalization. In this embodiment, each energy storage valve submodule in the energy storage valve device is provided with a voltage-equalizing resistor R in parallel between the capacitor C and the battery module 102. The voltage-equalizing effect of the voltage-equalizing resistor R improves the operational reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0191] The selection of resistance parameters of the equalizing resistor R is not unique. In one embodiment, when the discharge time required for the capacitor C to discharge to reach a preset safety voltage threshold is less than the preset lockout time, the maximum allowable discharge resistance value is obtained; based on the maximum discharge resistance value, the resistance parameters of the equalizing resistor R are determined.

[0192] The preset safety voltage threshold is the voltage threshold at which the capacitor C discharges without affecting the safe operation of the energy storage valve submodule. Its value is not unique; in a more detailed embodiment, it can be set to 20V. The preset lockout duration is the maximum duration allowed between the energy storage valve submodule triggering the lockout and completing the lockout.

[0193] Considering that the energy storage valve submodule proposed in this application operates under the control of the power control board 1071 during the entire operation process, the power module 101 can operate under the control of the power control board 1071 to achieve fully controlled charging of the energy storage valve. Therefore, the resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R is selected based on two main constraints. First, after the energy storage valve submodule stops operating, the equalizing resistor R acts as a discharge resistor. It is necessary that the capacitor C is discharged before the shutdown time reaches the preset lockout time, that is, the discharge of the capacitor C reaches the preset safety voltage threshold; second, in order to reduce the power consumption of the energy storage valve submodule and the load on the water cooling system in the application scenario of the energy storage system, the equalizing resistor R should be selected as a larger resistance value as possible.

[0194] Taking the above factors into consideration, the solution of this embodiment first calculates the conditions that the resistance parameters of the grading resistor R must meet when the required discharge time is less than the preset lockout time. The required discharge time is the time required for the capacitor C to discharge to reach the preset safety voltage threshold. Then, when the grading resistor R meets the above conditions, the maximum discharge resistance value is selected to determine the resistance parameters of the grading resistor R.

[0195] More specifically, determining the resistance parameter of the grading resistor R based on the maximum discharge resistance value includes setting the resistance parameter of the grading resistor R to the maximum discharge resistance value. In another embodiment, the maximum discharge resistance value may be appropriately increased or decreased and used as the resistance parameter of the grading resistor R to mitigate errors caused by measurement and calculation, thereby further improving the accuracy of the resistance parameter.

[0196] Please refer to Figure 13. In some embodiments, after the energy storage valve device stops operating, the energy storage valve submodule is locked. The locking time is determined by the discharge time of the capacitor C. After the connection between the battery module 102 and the power module 101 is disconnected, the voltage of the capacitor C begins to decrease. The discharge process includes two stages. One is that the main power module 1061 is working (equivalent to Figure r) and discharges together with the equalizing resistor R; the other is that the main power module 1061 is turned off and the equalizing resistor R discharges alone.

[0197] Therefore, the discharge time includes: when the capacitor C discharges from the preset rated working voltage to the preset shutdown voltage threshold, the main power supply module 1061 and the equalizing resistor R discharge together for the first discharge time; and when the capacitor C discharges from the preset shutdown voltage threshold to the preset safety voltage threshold, the equalizing resistor R discharges alone for the second discharge time.

[0198] The preset rated operating voltage is the preset rated operating voltage of the energy storage valve submodule when it is operating normally. The preset cut-off voltage threshold refers to the preset voltage threshold at which the main power module 1061 cuts off the power supply.

[0199] At this time, T1+T2=T, where T represents the discharge time, T1 represents the first discharge time, and T2 represents the second discharge time. In the selection process, it is necessary to satisfy T1+T2=T<T Off , T Off Indicates the preset locking time. According to the circuit principle analysis, μ represents the efficiency of the main power module 1061, R represents the resistance of the voltage-equalizing resistor R, C represents the capacitance of the capacitor C, and U C represents the voltage of capacitor C, P represents the power of the power control board 1071 of the energy storage valve submodule, U N Indicates the preset rated operating voltage, U off Indicates the preset shutdown voltage threshold, U o Indicates the preset safety voltage threshold. Off Solving under this constraint yields R<R1. Furthermore, considering the impact of the power consumption of the equalizing resistor R on the load of the water cooling system, the larger the resistance, the lower the power consumption. Therefore, the final thermal resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R can be taken as R1.

[0200] In the above solution, a voltage-equalizing resistor R is connected in parallel at both ends of the capacitor C. During the operation of the power module 101, the voltage-equalizing effect of the voltage-equalizing resistor R improves the operation reliability. After the power module 101 is bypassed, the voltage-equalizing resistor R can also discharge the capacitor C, thereby improving the discharge efficiency.

[0201] Please refer to Figure 12. In some embodiments, the power control board 1071 includes a main control board 131, a bypass switch driver board 132 and a power switch driver board 133. The main control board 131 is connected to the bypass switch driver board 132 and the power switch driver board 133 respectively. The bypass switch driver board 132 and the power switch driver board 133 are respectively connected to the power module 101 (not shown in the figure). The main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041 are respectively connected to the main control board 131 (the connection relationship diagram is not shown). The main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041 are respectively connected to the bypass switch driver board 132 (the connection relationship diagram is not shown). The main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041 are respectively connected to the power switch driver board 133 (the connection relationship diagram is not shown).

[0202] Specifically, the main control board 131, also known as the power module controller (Sub-module controller, SMC) board, is used to receive the status information of the bypass switch P1 of the power module 101 and the status information of the power switch device of the power unit 601, and upload it to the upper processor; it is also used to control the operation of the bypass switch driver board 132 and the power switch driver board 133 according to the signal sent by the upper processor.

[0203] Bypass switch driver board 132 is used to turn bypass switch P1 on and off. Therefore, bypass switch driver board 132 is connected to the control terminal of bypass switch P1 in power module 101. When bypass is required, it issues a corresponding control signal to turn bypass switch P1 on. Power switch driver board 133 drives power cell 601 in power module 101. When power conversion is required, it simply outputs a corresponding control signal to turn the power switch in power cell 601 on and off.

[0204] In the solution of this embodiment, the main control board 131, the bypass switch driver board 132 and the power switch driver board 133 are respectively connected to the main power supply module 1061 and the redundant power supply module 1041. Each board is independently and redundantly powered, with high power supply reliability.

[0205] In the above solution, the power control board 1071 includes a main control board 131, a bypass switch driving board 132 and a power switch driving board 133. Different driving functions are respectively realized by the bypass switch driving board 132 and the power switch driving board 133, thereby effectively improving the control reliability of the power control board 1071.

[0206] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the present application is explained below in conjunction with more detailed embodiments.

[0207] In this embodiment, the energy storage valve submodule includes a power module 101, a battery module 102, a battery bus 103, a bus power module 104, a main bus 105, a load power module 106, a control module 107, a black start switch K0, and an isolating switch 108. The control module 107 specifically includes a power control module 201, a battery control module 301, and a cabinet control module 501. The load power module 106 specifically includes a cabinet load power module 502, a battery load power module 302, and a power load power module 202. Each battery module 102 is provided with one cabinet control module 501 and two cabinet load power modules 502. One cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the battery module 102, and the other cabinet load power module 502 is connected to the main bus 105.

[0208] At least one battery module 102 is provided in the energy storage valve submodule, and the number of battery load power supply modules 302 and power load power supply modules 202 are two respectively, one of which is connected to the battery bus 103, and the other is connected to the main bus 105; one of which is connected to the power module 101, and the other is connected to the main bus 105.

[0209] Furthermore, the battery module 102 includes a battery, a pre-charging resistor R1, a first charging switch device K2, and a second charging switch device K3. The power module 101 includes a bypass switch P1 and a power unit 601. The first end of the battery S is connected to the pre-charging resistor R1 and the first charging switch device K2, respectively. The pre-charging resistor R1 is further connected to the battery bus 103 via the pre-charging switch device K1. The first charging switch device K2 is connected to the battery bus 103. The second end of the battery S is connected to the battery bus 103 via the second charging switch device K3.

[0210] Therefore, during the operation of the energy storage valve submodule, the battery control module 301 first sends a control signal to any battery module 102, closing the pre-charge switch and the second charging switch of the battery module 102. The batteries in the battery module 102 charge the capacitor C via the battery bus 103. At the same time, the bus power module 104 obtains electrical energy from the battery bus 103 and transmits the electrical energy to the main bus 105, thereby completing the establishment of the main bus 105.

[0211] After the main bus 105 is successfully established, the battery control module 301 sends a control signal to other electrical cabinet control modules 501, so that other battery modules 102 are connected to the battery bus 103 for operation, and after the pre-start is completed, the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 are switched on to achieve normal charging and discharging operation.

[0212] Furthermore, after the main bus 105 is successfully established, the power load power supply module 202 connected to the main bus 105 draws power from the main bus 105 to power the power control module 201, thereby enabling the power control module 201 to start switching the power module 101, thereby controlling the operation of the power module 101. This process does not require waiting for the voltage of capacitor C to rise. As the voltage of capacitor C rises, when the voltage of capacitor C exceeds the preset power supply startup voltage (more specifically, in one embodiment, the preset power supply startup voltage is the startup voltage of the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101), the two power load power supply modules 202 provide redundant power to the power control module 201. If a power failure occurs in one of the modules, power can be promptly switched to the other, thereby improving the reliability of power supply to the important loads of the power module 101. After waiting for the voltage output of the energy storage valve submodule to stabilize, the electrical cabinet control module 501 controls the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 of the corresponding battery module 102 to disconnect, completing the startup of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0213] After that, if one of the battery load power modules 302 fails, the battery control module 301 will be powered by another battery load power module 302 with a different energy access location; if one of the electrical cabinet load power modules 502 fails, the electrical cabinet control module 501 will be powered by another electrical cabinet load power module 502 with a different energy access location.

[0214] In the same energy storage valve submodule, if one of the battery modules 102 fails, the battery control module 301 sends a control signal to the electrical cabinet control module 501 corresponding to the battery module 102, thereby controlling the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 of the battery module 102 to disconnect, thereby removing the battery module 102. Since the battery module 102 is removed, the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the battery module 102 can no longer draw energy. Therefore, the electrical cabinet control module 501 of the battery module 102 draws power from the electrical cabinet board power supply connected to the main bus 105, monitors the battery module 102, and obtains battery status information of the battery module 102. Through this solution, when one or more battery modules 102 fail, the failed battery module 102 can be removed, achieving N-1 operation of the battery module 102. That is, when one of the total N battery modules 102 fails, the failed battery module 102 is removed and continued operation is achieved. Even N minus multiple fault operation can be achieved, that is, as long as there are battery modules 102 that have not failed, the energy storage valve subsystem can continue to operate.

[0215] Furthermore, when bypass-related conditions are met, the energy storage submodule controls the bypass switch P1 of the power module 101 to close, and the energy storage submodule enters the bypass operating state. At this time, to alleviate the phenomenon of adhesion between the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 of the battery module 102, which poses a safety hazard to the battery module 102, the power control module will control the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101 to enter a low-power operation mode, and / or control the normally closed switch device provided in the upstream stage of the power load power supply module 202 to open, thereby improving the operational safety of the power load power supply module 202.

[0216] In the process of bypassing the power module 101, in order to achieve reliable isolation between the power module 101 and the battery module 102, it is necessary to set an isolating switch 108 between the battery bus 103 and the power module 101, and the isolating switch 108 draws energy from the main bus 105 and / or the battery bus 103. In addition, in order to mitigate the impact of the isolating switch 108 on the bus power module 104 at the moment of closing, a switching device is provided between the energy storage unit of the bus power module 104 and the battery bus 103 to prevent the bus power module 104 from discharging to the battery bus 103. When the isolating switch 108 is closed, the control module 107 (which can be the battery control module 301 or the power control module 201) needs to determine that the starting voltage of the bus power module 104 is less than the voltage of the capacitor C, and the voltage of the capacitor C is less than the voltage of the battery bus 103, before issuing a closing command, thereby improving the operational safety of the bus power module 104.

[0217] If the energy storage submodule (or energy storage system) fails and stops operating, the black start switch K0 can be triggered, causing the battery control module 301 to draw power from the cabinet load power module 502 connected to the black start switch K0, restarting and gradually restoring the energy storage submodule. More specifically, the black start switch K0 is connected to the cabinet power module corresponding to the battery module 102 closest to it, enabling local power supply and reducing wiring costs and complexity.

[0218] Please refer to Figure 14. The present application also provides an operating method based on the above-mentioned energy storage valve submodule. The number of battery modules includes more than two, and the operating method includes steps 142 and 144.

[0219] Step 142 : When the start-up conditions are met, control any battery module to connect to the battery bus bar, so as to charge the bus bar power module through the battery bus bar.

[0220] Step 144 : When the bus power module completes the establishment of the main bus, the remaining battery modules are connected to the battery bus.

[0221] Specifically, the specific structure and operating principle of the energy storage valve submodule are as shown in the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings, and will not be repeated here. When the energy storage valve submodule meets the startup conditions, the battery control module 301 first sends a control signal to any battery module 102, so that the pre-charge switch and the second charging switch of the battery module 102 are closed, and the battery in the battery module 102 charges the capacitor C through the battery bus 103. At the same time, the bus power module 104 obtains electrical energy (actually from the battery module 102) through the battery bus 103 and transmits the electrical energy to the main bus 105, thereby completing the establishment of the main bus 105.

[0222] After the main bus 105 is successfully established, the battery control module 301 sends a control signal to other electrical cabinet control modules 501, so that other battery modules 102 are connected to the battery bus 103 for operation, and after the pre-start is completed, the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 are switched on to achieve normal charging and discharging operation.

[0223] In the above solution, when the energy storage valve submodule meets the activation conditions, any one battery module 102 is first opened to charge the input side of the bus power supply (i.e., capacitor C). After the bus power supply module 104 has established the main bus 105, the remaining battery modules 102 are closed to charge. This reduces the impact of the bus power supply module 104 on the circuit, thereby protecting the bus power supply module 104. It also simplifies the selection of related components in the bus power supply module 104.

[0224] In some embodiments, when the bus power module 104 completes the establishment of the main bus 105, it also includes: taking energy from the main bus 105 to control the power module 101 to perform switching operations; when the voltage of the capacitor C is greater than the preset power supply starting voltage, taking energy from the capacitor C to control the power module 101 to perform switching operations.

[0225] Specifically, after the main bus 105 is successfully established, the power load power supply module 202 connected to the main bus 105 draws power from the main bus 105 to power the power control module 201, thereby enabling the power control module 201 to start switching the power module 101, i.e., controlling the operation of the power module 101. This process does not require waiting for the voltage of capacitor C to rise. As the voltage of capacitor C rises, when the voltage of capacitor C exceeds the preset power supply startup voltage (more specifically, in one embodiment, the preset power supply startup voltage is the startup voltage of the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101), the two power load power supply modules 202 provide redundant power to the power control module 201. If a power failure occurs in one of the modules, power can be promptly switched to the other, thereby improving the reliability of power supply to the important loads of the power module 101. After waiting for the voltage output of the energy storage valve submodule to stabilize, the electrical cabinet control module 501 controls the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 of the corresponding battery module 102 to disconnect, completing the startup of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0226] In the above solution, when the main bus 105 is established, the power control module 201 can draw energy from the main bus 105 through the corresponding power load power supply module 202 to achieve switching control of the power module 101. The switching operation of the power module 101 does not need to wait for the capacitor C to charge to a voltage greater than the preset power supply startup voltage, which effectively improves the response speed of the power module 101. After the capacitor C is charged to a voltage greater than the preset power supply startup voltage, the power control module 201 can also draw energy from the capacitor C of the power module 101, achieving redundant power supply and improving the operational reliability of the control module 107.

[0227] Please refer to FIG. 15 . In some embodiments, the operation method further includes step 152 .

[0228] Step 152 : When a power failure occurs in the current load power supply module, switching to another load power supply module with a different power supply mode to obtain power.

[0229] Specifically, the energy acquisition method is the method of obtaining electric energy. In more detail, in the technical solution of the present application, the energy acquisition method includes the energy acquisition location point. Different energy acquisition location points represent different energy acquisition methods. The power control module 201, the battery control module 301 and the electrical cabinet control module 501 can all realize redundant power supply. When a power supply failure occurs in the power load power supply module 202 that currently supplies power to the power control module 201, the power load power supply module 202 triggers undervoltage protection and stops working. The power control module 201 can switch to obtain energy from another power load power supply module 202 with a different energy acquisition method. For example, when a power supply failure occurs in the power load power supply module 202 connected to the power module 101 (which may be a failure caused by a short circuit of the battery bus 103, etc.), it switches to the power load power supply module 202 connected to the main bus 105 for power supply.

[0230] If a power failure occurs in the battery load power module 302 currently supplying power to the battery control module 301, the battery control module 301 can switch to drawing power from another battery load power module 302 with a different power-drawing method. For example, if a power failure occurs in the battery load power module 302 connected to the battery bus 103, power is switched to the battery load power module 302 connected to the main bus 105.

[0231] If a power failure occurs in the cabinet load power supply module 502 currently supplying power to the cabinet control module 501, the cabinet control module 501 can switch to drawing power from another cabinet load power supply module 502 with a different power supply method. For example, if a power failure occurs in the cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the battery module 102, power is switched to the cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the main bus 105.

[0232] In the above solution, when a power failure occurs in the current power supply board, power is switched to another load power supply module 106 with a different power supply method, thereby reducing the risk of power failure of the control module 107 and further improving the operation reliability of the control module 107.

[0233] Please refer to FIG. 16 . In some embodiments, the operation method further includes step 162 .

[0234] Step 162 : When the starting voltage of the bus power module is lower than the voltage of the capacitor, and the voltage of the capacitor is lower than the voltage of the battery bus, control the isolating switch provided between the battery bus and the capacitor to be closed.

[0235] Specifically, at the moment the isolating switch 108 is closed, if the voltage of capacitor C is greater than or equal to the voltage of the battery bus 103, the resulting transient surge current, due to the extremely low circuit damping between the two, could threaten the safety of components within the bus power module 104. Therefore, in this embodiment, when controlling the isolating switch 108 to close, the following conditions must be met: the starting voltage of the bus power module 104 is less than the voltage of capacitor C, and the voltage of capacitor C is less than the voltage of the battery bus 103. This effectively mitigates the impact of transient surge current on the bus power module 104 at the moment of closing, thereby improving the safety of components within the bus power module 104.

[0236] In the above scheme, when the starting voltage of the bus power module 104 is lower than the voltage of the capacitor C, and the voltage of the capacitor C is lower than the voltage of the battery bus 103, the isolation switch 108 is controlled to close, thereby reducing the risk of instantaneous surge current affecting the safe operation of the bus power module 104.

[0237] Please refer to FIG. 17 . In some embodiments, the operation method further includes steps 172 and 174 .

[0238] Step 172: When any battery module fails, the failed battery module is removed.

[0239] Step 174 : Switch to taking power from the load power supply module connected to the main bus to monitor the battery status information of the faulty battery module.

[0240] Specifically, within the same energy storage valve submodule, if one of the battery modules 102 fails, the battery control module 301 sends a control signal to the electrical cabinet control module 501 corresponding to that battery module 102, thereby controlling the first charging switch device K2 and the second charging switch device K3 of that battery module 102 to disconnect, thereby removing that battery module 102. Since the battery module 102 is removed, the electrical cabinet load power supply module 502 connected to the battery module 102 can no longer draw energy. Therefore, the electrical cabinet control module 501 of the battery module 102 draws power from the electrical cabinet board power supply connected to the main bus 105, monitors the battery module 102, and obtains battery status information of the battery module 102.

[0241] In the above solution, when any battery module 102 fails, the battery module 102 is removed and the power supply is switched to the load power module 106 connected to the main bus 105 to obtain power, thereby realizing status monitoring of the battery module 102 in the fault state and improving the safety of the battery module 102.

[0242] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 18 , the operating method further includes steps 180 and 184 .

[0243] Step 182: When the startup conditions are met, energy is obtained from the redundant power supply module to control the operation of the power module.

[0244] Step 184 : When the capacitor voltage of the capacitor is greater than the preset main power startup voltage, power is taken from the redundant power module and the main power module to control the operation of the power module.

[0245] Specifically, the solution of this embodiment is explained by taking the control module 107 including a power control board 1071, the bus power supply module 104 including a redundant power supply module 1041, and the load power supply module 106 including a main power supply module 1061 as an example. In this scenario, when the startup conditions are met, the power control board 1071 obtains energy from the redundant power supply module 1041 to control the operation of the power module 101 without waiting for the capacitor C to charge. The energy storage valve submodule can be fully controlled and charged, thereby improving the startup speed of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0246] Please refer to FIG. 19 . In some embodiments, the method for operating the energy storage valve submodule further includes step 192 .

[0247] Step 192: When the power module enters the bypass operation state, power is obtained from the redundant power supply module to monitor the operation state of the power module.

[0248] Specifically, when bypass is required, the bypass switch P1 of the power cell 601 of the power module 101 in the corresponding energy storage valve submodule is closed, effectively short-circuiting the power cell 601 of the energy storage valve submodule. At this point, the upper and lower energy storage valve submodules are connected via bypass switch P1, and the intermediate energy storage valve submodules are effectively disconnected. To ensure constant power operation of the power control board 1071, power is switched to the redundant power supply module 1041, continuously monitoring the operating status of the power module 101.

[0249] In the above solution, after the power module 101 is bypassed, power can be supplied by the redundant power supply 1041 to monitor the operating status of the power module 101, support the power control board 1071 to be always powered, and further improve the operating reliability of the energy storage valve submodule.

[0250] In some embodiments, the energy storage valve submodule includes a voltage-equalizing resistor, and the operation method of the energy storage valve submodule also includes: when the discharge time required for the capacitor to discharge to reach a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lockout time, obtaining the maximum allowable discharge resistance value; and determining the resistance parameters of the voltage-equalizing resistor based on the maximum discharge resistance value.

[0251] Specifically, the preset safety voltage threshold is the voltage threshold at which the capacitor discharges without affecting the safe operation of the energy storage valve submodule. This threshold is not unique; in a more detailed embodiment, it can be set to 20V. The preset lockout duration refers to the maximum duration allowed between the energy storage valve submodule triggering the lockout and completing the lockout.

[0252] Taking into account that during the entire operation process of the energy storage valve submodule proposed in the application, the power module 101 can operate under the control of the power control board 1071 to achieve fully controlled charging of the energy storage valve, the resistance parameters of the equalizing resistor R are selected mainly considering two constraints. First, after the energy storage valve submodule stops operating, the equalizing resistor acts as a discharge resistor, and the capacitor needs to be discharged before the shutdown time reaches the preset lockout time, that is, the capacitor discharge reaches the preset safety voltage threshold; second, in order to reduce the power consumption of the energy storage valve submodule and the load on the water cooling system in the application scenario of the energy storage system, the equalizing resistor R should be selected with a larger resistance value as much as possible.

[0253] Taking the above factors into consideration, the solution of this embodiment first calculates the conditions that the resistance parameters of the grading resistor R must meet when the required discharge time is less than the preset lockout time. The required discharge time is the time required for the capacitor C to discharge to reach the preset safety voltage threshold. Then, when the grading resistor R meets the above conditions, the maximum discharge resistance value is selected to determine the resistance parameters of the grading resistor R.

[0254] The above scheme, combined with the maximum discharge resistance value required when the discharge time required for the capacitor C to discharge to the preset safety voltage threshold is less than the preset lockout time, determines the resistance parameters of the equalizing resistor R, so that the equalizing resistor R is more closely matched with the energy storage valve sub-module, further improving the operational reliability of the energy storage valve sub-module.

[0255] In some embodiments, the discharge duration includes: a first discharge duration when the main power supply module 1061 and the equalizing resistor R discharge together when the capacitor C discharges from a preset rated operating voltage to a preset shutdown voltage threshold; and a second discharge duration when the equalizing resistor R discharges alone when the capacitor C discharges from a preset shutdown voltage threshold to a preset safety voltage threshold.

[0256] At this time, T1+T2=T, where T represents the discharge time, T1 represents the first discharge time, and T2 represents the second discharge time. In the selection process, it is necessary to satisfy T1+T2=T<T Off , T Off Indicates the preset locking time. According to the circuit principle analysis, μ represents the efficiency of the main power module 1061, R represents the resistance of the voltage-equalizing resistor R, C represents the capacitance of the capacitor C, and U C represents the voltage of capacitor C, P represents the power of the power control board 1071 of the energy storage valve submodule, U N Indicates the preset rated operating voltage, U off Indicates the preset shutdown voltage threshold, U o Indicates the preset safety voltage threshold. Off Solving under this constraint yields R<R1. Furthermore, considering the impact of the power consumption of the equalizing resistor R on the load of the water cooling system, the larger the resistance, the lower the power consumption. Therefore, the final thermal resistance parameter of the equalizing resistor R can be taken as R1.

[0257] The above scheme combines the first discharge duration of the stage in which the main power module 1061 and the grading resistor R discharge together, and the second discharge duration of the stage in which the grading resistor R discharges alone, to obtain an accurate discharge duration, thereby improving the accuracy of the resistance parameter finally determined.

[0258] The present application also provides an energy storage valve device, comprising at least one of the above-mentioned energy storage valve submodules.

[0259] Specifically, the structure and operation method of the energy storage valve submodule are as shown in the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings, and will not be repeated here. In the energy storage valve device, the various energy storage valve submodules are cascaded to form a cascade energy storage valve device. In the same energy storage valve submodule of the cascade energy storage valve device, the battery busbar connecting the battery module and the capacitor is also connected to a busbar power module, and the busbar power module is further connected to the control module. The load power module can draw energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery busbar and the battery module, and finally realize redundant power supply to the control module through the busbar power module and the load power module.

[0260] Through this solution, in the event of a power failure in the load power module, the control module can switch to the bus power module for power supply, or in the event of a power failure in the bus power module, switch to the load power module for power supply, that is, realize redundant power supply for the control module, thereby alleviating the problem of energy storage system shutdown caused by power failure of the energy storage valve submodule due to control module power failure.

[0261] In some examples, the load power supply module of the energy storage valve submodule also draws energy from at least one of a DC bus and a battery module of an adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0262] Specifically, the structure of adjacent energy storage valve submodules may be consistent with or inconsistent with the structure of the energy storage valve submodules provided in the above embodiments. This is not a specific limitation and can be selected based on actual needs. In the above solution, multiple energy storage valve submodules are provided in the energy storage valve device. The load power supply module of the current energy storage valve submodule can also draw energy from the DC bus or battery module of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule. Therefore, if the current energy storage valve submodule fails and stops operating, it can still draw energy from the adjacent energy storage valve submodule to power the control module, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0263] And / or, in some embodiments, the load power supply module of the energy storage valve submodule also draws energy from the main bus of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

[0264] Specifically, in the solution of this embodiment, adjacent energy storage valve submodules are further constructed with a main busbar in addition to the battery busbar. The construction method of the main busbar is consistent with the construction method of the main busbar of the energy storage valve submodule in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0265] In the above solution, adjacent energy storage valve submodules are also connected to a main bus. The load power supply module of the current energy storage valve submodule can further obtain energy from the main bus of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule, further improving the power supply reliability of the control module.

[0266] The present application also provides an energy storage system, comprising the above-mentioned energy storage valve device.

[0267] Specifically, the structure and operating principle of the energy storage valve device are as shown in the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings, and will not be repeated here. In the energy storage system, the various energy storage valve submodules are cascaded to form a cascade energy storage valve device. In the energy storage valve submodule of the cascade energy storage valve device, the battery busbar connecting the battery module and the capacitor is also connected to a bus power module, and the bus power module is further connected to the control module. The load power module can obtain energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery busbar and the battery module, and finally power the control module through the bus power module and the load power module. Through this solution, in the event of a power supply failure in the load power module, the control module can switch to power supply through the bus power module, or in the event of a power supply failure in the bus power module, switch to power supply through the load power module, that is, realize redundant power supply of the control module, thereby alleviating the problem of the energy storage system being shut down due to power failure of the control module due to the energy storage valve submodule.

[0268] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A storage valve submodule, comprising: Power module; Battery modules; Battery busbar; A capacitor, wherein the capacitor is connected in parallel with the power module, and both ends of the capacitor are connected to the battery module through the battery bus bar; A bus power module, the bus power module is connected to the battery bus; A load power supply module, wherein the load power supply module obtains energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery bus and the battery module; as well as A control module, wherein the control module is connected to the bus power module and the load power module respectively, and the battery module and / or the power module is connected to the control module.

2. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 1, wherein: The capacitor includes a DC support capacitor.

3. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The energy storage valve submodule also includes a main bus, which is connected to the bus power module. The number of the load power modules includes more than two, at least one of the load power modules draws energy from at least one of the capacitor, the battery bus and the battery module, and at least one of the load power modules draws energy from the main bus.

4. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 3, wherein: The control module includes a power control module, and the load power supply module includes a power load power supply module. The power load power supply module and the power module are respectively connected to the power control module, and at least one of the power load power supply modules is connected to the capacitor, and at least one of the power load power supply modules is connected to the main bus.

5. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The control module also includes a battery control module, and the load power module also includes a battery load power module, the battery load power module is connected to the battery control module, and at least one of the battery load power modules is connected to the battery bus, and at least one of the battery load power modules is connected to the main bus; or, the battery load power modules are all connected to the main bus.

6. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 5, wherein: The control module also includes an electric cabinet control module, and the load power module also includes an electric cabinet load power module. Each of the battery modules is correspondingly provided with one electric cabinet control module and more than two electric cabinet load power modules. Each of the electric cabinet control modules is respectively connected to the battery module and the battery control module. Each of the electric cabinet load power modules corresponding to each of the battery modules is respectively connected to the corresponding electric cabinet control module, and at least one of the electric cabinet load power modules is connected to the battery module, and at least one of the electric cabinet load power modules is connected to the main bus.

7. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 6, wherein: The energy storage valve submodule further includes a black start switch, a first end of which is connected to the battery control module, and a second end of which is connected to any one of the electrical cabinet load power modules connected to the battery module.

8. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The battery module includes a battery, a pre-charging resistor, a pre-charging switch device, a first charging switch device and a second charging switch device. The first end of the battery is connected to the first end of the pre-charging resistor and the first end of the first charging switch device, the second end of the pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the pre-charging switch device, the second end of the pre-charging switch device is connected to the second end of the first charging switch device and the battery bus, the second end of the battery is connected to the first end of the second charging switch device, and the second end of the second charging switch device is connected to the battery bus.

9. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The load power supply module and the bus power supply module that draw power from the battery bus have a low power consumption operation mode, and / or are connected to the battery bus via a normally closed switch device.

10. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein: The energy storage valve submodule further includes an isolating switch, and the two ends of the capacitor are respectively connected to the battery bus through the isolating switch, and the main bus and the control module are respectively connected to the isolating switch.

11. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 10, wherein: The bus power module includes a first bus power module and a second bus power module, the first bus power module is connected to the battery bus and the main bus respectively, and the second bus power module is connected to the battery bus and the isolating switch respectively.

12. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 10, wherein: The bus power supply module includes a switch device, an energy storage device and a DC converter. The battery bus is connected to the energy storage device through the switch device, the energy storage device is connected to the DC converter, and the DC converter connects the battery bus and the main bus.

13. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The control module includes a power control board, the bus power module includes a redundant power module, the load power module includes a main power module, the redundant power module is connected to the battery module via the battery bus, the main power module is connected to the capacitor, and the redundant power module, the main power module and the power module are respectively connected to the power control board.

14. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 13, wherein: The redundant power supply module is connected to a battery module in the same energy storage valve submodule as the power module.

15. The energy storage valve submodule according to claim 13, wherein: The redundant power supply module is connected to a battery module in an energy storage valve submodule other than the energy storage valve submodule to which the power module belongs.

16. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein: The energy storage valve submodule further includes a voltage-equalizing resistor, which is connected in parallel with the capacitor, and both ends of the voltage-equalizing resistor are respectively connected to the battery busbar.

17. The energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein: The power control board includes a main control board, a bypass switch driving board and a power switch driving board. The main control board is connected to the bypass switch driving board and the power switch driving board respectively. The bypass switch driving board and the power switch driving board are connected to the power module respectively. The main power supply module and the redundant power supply module are connected to the main control board respectively. The main power supply module and the redundant power supply module are connected to the bypass switch driving board respectively. The main power supply module and the redundant power supply module are connected to the power switch driving board respectively.

18. An operating method of the energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the number of the battery modules includes more than two, and the operating method comprises: When the start-up conditions are met, controlling any one of the battery modules to conduct the connection with the battery bus bar, so as to charge the bus power module through the battery bus bar; When the bus power module completes the establishment of the main bus, the remaining battery modules are connected to the battery bus.

19. The operating method according to claim 18, wherein: When the bus power module completes the establishment of the main bus, the operation method further includes: Taking energy from the main bus to control the power module to perform switching operation; When the voltage of the capacitor is greater than a preset power supply startup voltage, energy is taken from the capacitor to control the power module to perform a switching operation.

20. The operating method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein: The operation method further comprises: When a power supply failure occurs to the load power supply module currently supplying power, switching is performed to obtain power from another load power supply module with a different power obtaining mode.

21. The operating method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein: The operation method further comprises: When the starting voltage of the bus power module is lower than the voltage of the capacitor, and the voltage of the capacitor is lower than the voltage of the battery bus, the isolating switch between the battery bus and the capacitor is controlled to be closed.

22. The operating method according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein: The operation method further comprises: In the event that any one of the battery modules fails, removing the failed battery module; The switch obtains energy from the load power supply module connected to the main bus to monitor the battery status information of the failed battery module.

23. The operating method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein: The operation method further comprises: When the startup conditions are met, energy is taken from the redundant power supply module to control the operation of the power module; When the capacitor voltage of the capacitor is greater than the preset main power startup voltage, energy is taken from the redundant power module and the main power module to control the operation of the power module.

24. The operating method according to claim 23, wherein: The operation method further comprises: When the power module enters the bypass operation state, energy is obtained from the redundant power supply module to monitor the operation state of the power module.

25. The operating method according to claim 23 or 24, wherein: A voltage-equalizing resistor is also connected in parallel between the capacitor and the battery module, and the operation method further includes: When the discharge time required for the capacitor to discharge to reach a preset safety voltage threshold is less than a preset lockout time, obtaining a maximum allowable discharge resistance value; The resistance parameter of the voltage balancing resistor is determined according to the maximum discharge resistance value.

26. The operating method according to claim 25, wherein: The discharge duration includes the sum of a first discharge duration and a second discharge duration, wherein the first discharge duration includes: when the capacitor discharges from a preset rated working voltage to a preset shutdown voltage threshold, the duration during which the main power supply module and the grading resistor discharge together; the second discharge duration includes: when the capacitor discharges from the preset shutdown voltage threshold to a preset safety voltage threshold, the duration during which the grading resistor discharges alone.

27. An energy storage valve device, comprising at least one energy storage valve submodule according to any one of claims 1-17.

28. The energy storage valve device according to claim 27, wherein: The load power supply module of the energy storage valve submodule also obtains energy from at least one of the DC bus and the battery module of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule; And / or, the load power supply module of the energy storage valve submodule also draws energy from the main busbar of the adjacent energy storage valve submodule.

29. An energy storage system, comprising the energy storage valve device according to any one of claims 27-28.

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