Energy storage system

Abstract

The present application provides an energy storage system. The energy storage system comprises: battery packs; an energy storage cabinet comprising a cabinet body, the accommodating cavity of the cabinet body comprising a battery compartment in which a plurality of battery packs are mounted; and a fire-fighting apparatus comprising a first aerosol-based fire-fighting device, a second aerosol-based fire-fighting device, an explosion-proof plate and a water-based fire-fighting device, wherein the first aerosol-based fire-fighting device is mounted on the energy storage cabinet, the second aerosol-based fire-fighting device is mounted on a corresponding battery pack, the explosion-proof plate defines the battery compartment, and the water-based fire-fighting device is used for spraying water to the battery compartment.

Description

An energy storage system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on June 30, 2023, with application number 202321721289.7. The entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage system. Background Art

[0003] With the vigorous development of new energy projects represented by photovoltaic and wind power and the large-scale access of photovoltaic and wind power to the power grid, the demand for resources such as frequency regulation and peak regulation of the power grid has increased sharply. The role of energy storage systems in solving power waste in the power grid, enhancing power grid stability, and improving the utilization efficiency of distribution systems is becoming increasingly important.

[0004] Compared with large energy storage boxes, the miniaturized outdoor cabinet system used in related technologies is not subject to weight restrictions for international transportation. It can be transported to the site as a whole and integrated into cabinets, and can start working directly by connecting to customer equipment. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] In related technologies, the air-cooled energy storage commonly used in outdoor cabinet systems has slow heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, in the summer, this efficiency is affected by ambient temperature, making it impossible to maintain the temperature inside the battery pack at the optimal level. This results in a decrease in overall system performance, difficulty controlling system temperature differences, and a high risk of short circuits and fires. Furthermore, the battery pack uses a fire extinguishing agent for firefighting. Because the battery pack uses air cooling for heat dissipation, the fire extinguishing agent cannot remain in the battery pack for long enough to extinguish the fire and prevent secondary ignition. Furthermore, air-cooled energy storage is easily affected by environmental dust, rain, or mosquitoes during long-term operation, posing a potential risk of short circuits.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system comprising:

[0007] Multiple battery packs are arranged in one direction;

[0008] An energy storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet body, the cabinet body comprising a receiving compartment, the receiving compartment comprising a battery compartment in which a plurality of battery packs are installed;

[0009] Firefighting equipment, including a first aerosol firefighting device, a second aerosol firefighting device, an explosion-proof panel and a water firefighting device;

[0010] Among them, the first aerosol fire-fighting device is installed on the energy storage cabinet; the second aerosol fire-fighting device is installed on the corresponding battery pack; the explosion-proof plate is set as at least a part of the battery compartment; the water fire-fighting device is installed on the energy storage cabinet and is set to spray water on the battery compartment. Beneficial effects

[0011] The energy storage system provided by the present application is installed with a second aerosol fire-fighting device in the battery pack. When the battery pack experiences thermal runaway and spreads, the second aerosol fire-fighting device will promptly control the fire that causes fire and explosion and the fire in the energy storage cabinet. This is the first safety design. Furthermore, by arranging the first aerosol fire-fighting device in the energy storage cabinet, the fire is prevented from spreading to the battery compartment of the cabinet or the system wiring harness in the cabinet as much as possible. This is the second safety design. By arranging an explosion-proof plate in the battery compartment, when a large amount of gas is generated inside the battery compartment due to one or more battery packs experiencing thermal runaway and the gas pressure in the battery compartment reaches the explosion pressure of the explosion-proof plate, the explosion-proof plate explodes instantly, releasing the air pressure inside the battery compartment to prevent the explosion of the cabinet due to excessive air pressure and the resulting debris from injuring people. At the same time, the water fire-fighting device sprays water into the battery compartment to extinguish the fire of the battery pack. This is the third safety design. This can improve the low reliability of the fire-fighting equipment of the energy storage system and improve the effectiveness of the fire-fighting equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG3 is a top view provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG4 is a side view provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG5 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG4 ;

[0017] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a cooling pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG7 is a bottom view provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure Number:

[0020] 1. Battery pack; 11. Cooling plate; 12. Cover; 13. Accommodation cavity; 2. Energy storage cabinet; 21. Cabinet; 211. Partition; 212. Top plate; 2121. Top plate; 213. Bottom plate; 2131. Slot; 2132. Fixing hole; 2133. Leakage hole; 214. Side plate; 215. Wiring harness mounting plate; 22. First cabinet door; 23. Second cabinet door; 24. Storage compartment; 241. Battery compartment; 242. Electrical compartment; 25. Interlayer; 3. Firefighting equipment; 31. First aerosol firefighting Fire protection device; 311, first smoke detector; 312, first aerosol fire extinguisher; 32, second aerosol fire protection device; 33, explosion-proof panel; 34, water fire protection device; 341, first water fire protection pipeline; 4, cooling pipeline; 41, first pipeline assembly; 411, first pipeline; 412, three-way valve; 413, first connecting pipe; 42, second pipeline assembly; 421, second pipeline; 422, wall plug; 423, second connecting pipe; 43, drain valve; 5, cooling device; 6, high-pressure box. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0021] 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage system.

[0022] The energy storage system includes multiple battery packs 1, energy storage cabinets 2 and fire-fighting equipment 3.

[0023] Referring to Figure 2 , a battery pack 1 includes multiple battery packs, a cooling plate 11, and a cover 12. The battery pack 1 can be a prismatic battery pack with an IP67 waterproof rating. The cover 12 includes a bracket and an upper cover that covers the bracket. The cooling plate 11 is mounted on the bracket. The cover 12 and the cooling plate 11 form a receiving cavity 13 for the multiple battery packs. The cooling plate 11 contacts the multiple battery packs to dissipate heat from them.

[0024] 3 , the energy storage cabinet 2 includes a cabinet body 21, a first cabinet door 22, and a second cabinet door 23. The cabinet body 21 includes a partition 211, an oppositely arranged top plate 212 and a bottom plate 213, a back plate, and two oppositely arranged side plates 214. The two side plates 214 are connected between the top plate 212 and the bottom plate 213, and the two side plates 214, the top plate 212, the back plate, and the bottom plate 213 form a receiving compartment 24. The partition 211 is connected between the top plate 212 and the bottom plate 213 and divides the receiving compartment 24 into a battery compartment 241 and an electrical compartment 242. A plurality of battery packs 1 are installed in the battery compartment 241 and arranged in a vertical direction. The first cabinet door 22 and the second cabinet door 23 are hinged to the two side plates 214, respectively. The first cabinet door 22 is used to shield the battery compartment 241, and the second cabinet door 23 is used to shield the electrical compartment 242.

[0025] The cabinet body 21, first door 22, and second door 23 are coated with an anti-corrosion layer and a wear-resistant layer, respectively, from the inside out. The anti-corrosion layer is applied with epoxy primer to achieve a C5H corrosion resistance rating, while the wear-resistant layer is applied with polyurethane powder. Prior to applying the anti-corrosion layer, the surfaces of the cabinet body 21, first door 22, and second door 23 were treated using electrophoresis. The top panel 212, side panels 214, and bottom panel 213 are all lined with rock wool for fire protection and thermal insulation.

[0026] In this embodiment, the length, width and height of the cabinet 21 are 1300×1300×2300 mm respectively, so that the area occupied by the load-bearing base is 1.69 m2, which greatly improves the energy density per unit area of ​​the energy storage system.

[0027] 1 and 3 , the fire fighting equipment 3 includes a first aerosol fire fighting device 31 , a second aerosol fire fighting device 32 , an explosion-proof panel 33 and a water fire fighting device 34 .

[0028] The first aerosol fire extinguishing device 31 includes a first smoke detector 311 and two first aerosol fire extinguishers 312. Both are mounted on the first cabinet door 22, and each corresponds to the topmost battery pack 1 among the multiple battery packs 1. When the first smoke detector 311 detects a fire in the battery compartment 241, it controls the first aerosol fire extinguishers 312 to spray aerosol. Because the sprayed aerosol tends to sink and corresponds to the topmost battery pack 1, it can quickly fill the entire battery compartment 241, improving the timeliness and effectiveness of fire extinguishing.

[0029] Referring to Figure 2 , the second aerosol fire extinguishing device 32 is located in the accommodating chamber 13 and mounted on a bracket. The second aerosol fire extinguishing device 32 includes a second smoke detector and a second aerosol fire extinguisher. When the second smoke detector detects a fire within the battery pack 1 , it activates the second aerosol fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. This is the first safety feature. The first aerosol fire extinguishing device 31 is the second safety feature.

[0030] Referring to Figure 3 , the top plate 212 has a mounting hole 2121 located above the topmost battery pack 1, and an explosion-proof panel 33 is screwed into this mounting hole 2121. If one or more battery packs 1 experience thermal runaway and generate a large amount of gas, reaching the point where the explosion-proof panel 33 explodes, the panel 33 instantly explodes to release the internal pressure in the battery compartment 241, minimizing the risk of injury from debris resulting from an explosion of the cabinet 21 due to excessive pressure within the compartment 24.

[0031] The firefighting water system 34 includes a firefighting water tank and a first firefighting water line 341. The firefighting water tank is installed in the electrical compartment 242 and stores deionized water. The first firefighting water line 341 is connected to the firefighting water tank and extends through the partition 211 into the battery compartment 241. The portion of the first firefighting water line 341 within the battery compartment is located above the topmost battery pack 1. When the explosion-proof plate 33 instantly explodes to release the internal pressure of the battery compartment 241, the first firefighting water line 341 irrigates the battery pack 1 and its interior with a large amount of deionized water, thereby halting thermal runaway of the battery pack and cooling it, preventing a secondary re-ignition of the battery pack 1. This is the third safety design.

[0032] Referring to Figures 4, 5, and 6, the energy storage system also includes a cooling pipeline 4 and a cooling device 5 installed in the electrical compartment 242. The cooling pipeline 4 includes an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline. Each of the inlet and outlet pipelines includes a first pipeline assembly 41 and a second pipeline assembly 42 that are interconnected. The first pipeline assembly 41 includes multiple first pipelines 411, multiple three-way valves 412, and multiple first connecting pipes 413. The second pipeline assembly 42 includes a second pipeline 421, a wall joint 422, and a second connecting pipe 423 that are sequentially connected.

[0033] In the liquid outlet pipeline, second pipeline 421 connects to the liquid outlet of cooling device 5. A mounting hole is provided on partition 211, and a wall connector 422 is installed in the mounting hole. Wall connector 422 has a sealing performance that meets IP66 standards. A second connecting pipe 423 connects to a first pipeline 411. Each three-way valve 412 is connected between an adjacent first pipeline 411 and a first connecting pipe 413. Each first connecting pipe 413 is connected to the liquid inlet of the corresponding cooling plate 11 of the battery pack 1. The multiple three-way valves 412 include multiple first three-way valves 412 and multiple second three-way valves 412. The inner diameter of the first three-way valves 412 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second three-way valves 412. The multiple first three-way valves 412 are located above the multiple second three-way valves 412. In this embodiment, each liquid outlet pipeline is provided with eight three-way valves 412. From top to bottom, the inner diameter of the first three three-way valves 412 is 8 mm, and the inner diameter of the remaining five three-way valves 412 is 12 mm. This ensures that the coolant flow through the cooling plate 11 of each battery pack 1 is as balanced as possible.

[0034] A drain valve 43 is installed on the first pipeline 411 , and a self-sealing joint is provided at the end of the first connecting pipe 413 connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling plate 11 to facilitate subsequent maintenance by personnel.

[0035] In the liquid inlet line, second line 421 connects to the liquid inlet of cooling device 5. A mounting hole is provided on partition 211, and a wall connector 422 is installed in the mounting hole. Wall connector 422 has a sealing performance that meets IP66 standards. A second connecting pipe 423 connects to a first line 411. Each three-way valve 412 is connected between an adjacent first line 411 and a first connecting pipe 413. Each first connecting pipe 413 is connected to the liquid outlet of the corresponding cooling plate 11 of the battery pack 1.

[0036] In this embodiment, eight three-way valves 412 are provided in each liquid inlet and outlet pipeline. From top to bottom, the inner diameter of the first three three-way valves 412 is 8 mm, and the inner diameter of the remaining five three-way valves 412 is 12 mm. This ensures that the coolant flow through the cooling plates 11 of each battery pack 1 is as evenly distributed as possible.

[0037] An exhaust valve 44 is installed on the first pipeline 411, and a self-sealing joint is provided at the end of the first connecting pipe 413 connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling plate 11 to facilitate subsequent maintenance by personnel.

[0038] The side plate 214 near the battery compartment 241 is provided with an interlayer 25, and part of the first pipeline 411, the three-way valve 412 and part of the second pipeline 421 are located in the interlayer 25. In this way, space can be saved and space utilization can be improved.

[0039] The cooling device 5 comprises a cooling liquid tank for storing cooling liquid and a pump station. The cooling liquid tank is connected to the second pipeline 421, and the pump station is used to pump cooling liquid into the second pipeline 421 of the liquid outlet pipeline.

[0040] The electrical compartment 242 houses a high-voltage box 6 connected to multiple battery packs 1. The high-voltage box 6 is equipped with a thermostat and a high-voltage circuit breaker. When the thermostat detects that the temperature inside the cabinet 21 exceeds a set temperature, it controls the power supply to the battery packs 1. When the high-voltage circuit breaker detects that the voltage exceeds a set voltage, it also controls the power supply to the battery packs 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, the related electrical components of the high-voltage box 6 and the battery pack 11 are suitable for use in areas with an altitude of 4000m or below;

[0042] 4 and 7 , the bottom plate 213 is provided with a fixing hole 2132, a leaking hole 2133, and a plurality of slots 2131 arranged in a horizontal direction. The hole wall of the fixing hole 2132 is provided with a thread. The fixing hole 2132 is used to fix the bottom plate 213 to the foundation to improve the installation stability of the energy storage cabinet 2. A check valve is provided in the leaking hole 2133 to only allow the liquid in the energy storage cabinet 2 to flow out. The slot 2131 is used to allow the bucket of a forklift to extend into, so as to facilitate the flexible movement of the energy storage cabinet 2. The bottom plate 213 is also provided with a wiring harness mounting plate 215 that encloses an electrical compartment 242. The wiring harness mounting plate 215 is provided with a wiring hole 2151. The wiring hole 2151 is used to allow external wires to extend into the electrical compartment 242 and connect to the high-voltage box 6.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, comprising: A plurality of battery packs (1) are arranged in one direction; An energy storage cabinet (2) comprises a cabinet body (21), wherein the cabinet body (21) comprises a receiving compartment (24), and the receiving compartment (24) comprises a battery compartment (241) in which a plurality of battery packs (1) are installed; Firefighting equipment (3), comprising a first aerosol firefighting device (31), a second aerosol firefighting device (32), an explosion-proof panel (33) and a water firefighting device (34); Wherein, the first aerosol fire-fighting device (31) is installed on the energy storage cabinet (2); the second aerosol fire-fighting device (32) is installed on the corresponding battery pack (1); the explosion-proof plate (33) is configured as at least a part of the battery compartment (241); and the water fire-fighting device (34) is installed on the energy storage cabinet (2) and configured to spray water on the battery compartment (241).

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The energy storage cabinet (2) further comprises a first cabinet door (22), wherein the first cabinet door (22) is installed on one side of the cabinet body (21) and is configured to shield the battery compartment (241), and the first aerosol fire-fighting device (31) is installed on a side of the first cabinet door (22) facing the battery compartment (241).

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein: The first aerosol fire fighting device (31) corresponds to the topmost battery pack (1) among the plurality of battery packs (1).

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The water fire fighting device (34) comprises a first water fire fighting pipeline (341), wherein the first water fire fighting pipeline (341) is located above the topmost battery pack (1).

5. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The battery pack (1) comprises a battery pack, a cooling plate (11) and a cover body (12); the cover body (12) and the cooling plate (11) together form a receiving cavity (13) configured for installing the battery pack, and the second aerosol fire-fighting device (32) is installed on the cover body (12) and is located in the receiving cavity (13).

6. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: The cabinet (21) comprises a bottom plate (213) arranged opposite to the explosion-proof plate (33) and two side plates (214) arranged opposite to each other, the two side plates (214) being connected between the explosion-proof plate (33) and the bottom plate (213), and the two side plates (214), the explosion-proof plate (33) and the bottom plate (213) forming the receiving compartment (24).

7. The energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein: The cabinet (21) comprises a top plate (212) arranged opposite to the bottom plate (213), and the explosion-proof plate (33) is installed on the top plate (212).

8. The energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein: It also includes a cooling pipeline (4) and a cooling device (5), wherein the cooling pipeline (4) includes a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline, wherein the liquid inlet pipeline is connected between the liquid inlet of the cooling device (5) and the liquid outlet of the cooling plate (11) of the plurality of battery packs (1), and the liquid outlet pipeline is connected between the liquid outlet of the cooling device (5) and the liquid inlet of the cooling plate (11) of the plurality of battery packs (1).

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein: At least parts of the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are located inside the wall of the receiving bin (24).

10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, wherein: The liquid inlet pipeline or the liquid outlet pipeline comprises a first pipeline assembly (41) and a second pipeline assembly (42) which are connected to each other, the first pipeline assembly (41) being connected to the cooling plates (11) of the plurality of battery packs (1), the second pipeline assembly (42) being connected to the cooling device (5), the cabinet (21) comprising two oppositely arranged side panels (214), at least a portion of the first pipeline assembly (41) being located within one of the side panels (214).

11. The energy storage system according to claim 10, wherein: The first pipeline assembly (41) includes a plurality of first pipelines (411), a plurality of three-way valves (412) and a plurality of first connecting pipes (413); the plurality of first pipelines (411) are connected between the liquid outlet or the liquid inlet of the cooling plate (11) and the second pipeline assembly (42); each of the three-way valves (412) is connected between two adjacent first pipelines (411) and the corresponding first connecting pipe (413); each of the first connecting pipes (413) is also connected to the liquid outlet or the liquid inlet of the cooling plate (11) of the corresponding battery pack (1); the plurality of three-way valves (412) include a plurality of first three-way valves (412) and a plurality of second three-way valves (412); the inner diameter of the first three-way valve (412) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second three-way valve (412); and the plurality of first three-way valves (412) are located above the plurality of second three-way valves (412).

12. The energy storage system according to claim 10, wherein: The receiving compartment (24) further comprises an electrical compartment (242), and the cooling device (5) is installed in the electrical compartment (242); the cabinet (21) further comprises a partition (211) between the two side panels (214), the partition (211) separates the electrical compartment (242) and the battery compartment (241), and is provided with a mounting hole; the second pipe assembly (42) comprises a second pipe (421), a wall joint (422) and a second connecting pipe (423) connected in sequence, the second pipe (421) is also connected to the first pipe assembly (41) and is located in the battery compartment (241), the wall joint (422) is installed in the mounting hole, and the second connecting pipe (423) is also connected to the cooling device (5).

13. The energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein: The bottom plate (213) is provided with a fixing hole (2132), a water leakage hole (2133) and a slot (2131); the fixing hole (2132) is provided for fixing the bottom plate (213) to a foundation; the water leakage hole (2133) is communicated with the battery compartment (241); and the water leakage hole (2133) is provided with a check valve, the check valve is used for the liquid in the energy storage cabinet (2) to flow out; and the slot (2131) is provided for the bucket of a forklift to extend into.

14. The energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein: The storage compartment (24) also includes an electrical compartment (242), the cabinet (21) also includes a partition (211) between the two side panels (214), the partition (211) separates the electrical compartment (242) and the battery compartment (241), the bottom plate (213) includes a wiring harness mounting plate (215) surrounding the electrical compartment (242), the wiring harness mounting plate (215) is provided with a wiring hole (2151), a high-voltage box (6) connected to the plurality of battery packs (1) is provided in the electrical compartment (242), and the wiring hole (2151) is configured to allow external wires to be connected to the high-voltage box (6).

15. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The first aerosol fire fighting device (31) or the second aerosol fire fighting device (32) comprises a smoke detector (311) and at least one aerosol fire extinguisher (312); the smoke detector (311) is configured to monitor fire and control at least one aerosol fire extinguisher (312) to start extinguishing fire.

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