Floating solar module, offshore solar power plant thereof, and methods for the same

Abstract

According to a first aspect of the present application, a floating solar module is provided. The floating solar module comprises at least one solar panel for converting sunlight into electricity by using photovoltaic cells; a buoy coupled to the solar panel for holding the solar panel on water surface during usage of solar energy conversion and transportation of the solar panel. The buoy is configured to surround (and / or enclose) (peripheral) at least one edge of the solar panel during the usage of solar energy conversion and transportation of the solar panel.

Description

[0001] FLOATING SOLAR MODULE, OFFSHORE SOLAR POWER PLANT THEREOF, AND METHODS FOR THE SAME

[0002] The present application relates to renewable energy production. More particularly, the present application is floating solar module, offshore solar power plant thereof, and method for the same.

[0003] Floating solar plants, are solar panels mounted on an assembly that floats on a water body such as a reservoir or a lake pond, quarry lakes, irrigation canals or remediation and tailing ponds. Floating power plants have PV solar panels set up on top of water bodies like lakes, dams, or any other water body that is calm to prevent any damage to the panels.

[0004] Solar panels on the floating solar power plant are firmly fixed on buoyant structures to keep them afloat on water bodies to receive sufficient sunlight throughout the year. Electric current transfers from these panels to power plants through underwater cables.

[0005] However, installation of floating solar plants depends on various factors like environment, climate, technical potential, etc. Some of the significant challenges of setting up a floating solar plant such as mandatory use of high-quality materials to keep the PV panels afloat without causing rust and corrosion, climate change or flood can cause harsh damage to the floating PV setup, lack of skilled workforce for installing solar panels on water bodies, floating solar systems require a huge investment to install a technically sound power generating plant. This kind of solar plant typically is not applicable for domestic purposes as it requires a huge sum of money. Fluctuations in water levels, heavy storms, earthquakes, and tsunamis are also some of these potential risks. So fundamentally, due to delicate nature of the solar panel, and its rigidity creates hinderance in setting up the solar plant and further maintaining it keeping it economically viable.

[0006] Therefore, the subject application proposes a floating solar module, an offshore solar power plant thereof, and a method for constructing the same. Essential features of the invention(s) are provided by independent claims, whilst advantages features are provided by their dependent claims.

[0007] The offshore solar power plant of the present application provides ease of transportation of solar panels and its installation. This may enable a user to install and maintain the solar panels with more mobility saving time and effort.

[0008] The present application is described hereinafter by various embodiments. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiment set forth herein.

[0009] Principle behind the invention or embodiments is that a solar power plant is fragile and requires a lot of care and investment to install and manage. Due to constant motion of water, the maintenance of the solar panels in the plant is affected. Position of solar panel is also an issue, since, the waterbodies are always facing the sky vertically. Due to which the sun rays only fall on the solar panels during mid days. Also, due to the remote location of the solar panel, their cleaning becomes a big issue. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide a floating solar module, an offshore solar power plant thereof, and a method for constructing the same.

[0010] According to a first aspect of the present application, a floating solar module is provided. The floating solar module comprises at least one solar panel operable to convert sunlight into electricity by using photovoltaic cells; a buoy coupled to the at least one solar panel, operable to hold the solar panels (on water surface) during usage (for converting sunlight into electricity and transporting of the solar panels) The buoy is configured to surround (and enclose) (peripheral) at least one edge of the solar panels during the usage (for converting sunlight into electricity and transporting the solar panels) (in order to protect the at least one edge or solar panel). The floating solar module may resolve issue of availability of land to install solar panels. Further, since a water body provides a flat surface, there is no requirement of reshaping earth for installation of solar panel. Since the solar panel is above water, cooling feature of water will ensure a higher efficiency of a solar panel when the temperatures rise. Further, since the floating solar module is built on the water, which can reduce the dust pollution on the solar panels.

[0011] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the buoy may comprise a (peripheral) frame that defines a hollow receptacle in its centre (or middle position of the frame) for holding (or keeping) the solar panel in the centre (or the middle position) and protecting the at least one edge (by preventing the solar panel from being knocked laterally). The frame may keep the position of the solar panel balanced and in the centre of the buoy. This way, the solar panel may be protected from toppling and turning upside down inside a water body.

[0012] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the buoy (and / or the (peripheral) frame) comprises a height that is substantially larger than a thickness of the solar panel for keeping the solar panel in a middle position of the buoy vertically (or between a top surface and a bottom surface of the buoy / frame) (so that the solar panel is prevented from being knocked from top or bottom of the buoy). The height of the frame may keep the solar panel inside the frame safe from high wind and waves. Further, while transporting, the solar panel can be placed safely in the hollow receptacle which can significantly reduce cost of transportation and maintenance.

[0013] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the (peripheral) frame comprises a top frame and a bottom frame, the top frame and the bottom frame are joined (or fused) together (at their edges or rims) (permanently) (in order to form the buoy for floating on water). The top frame is configured to receive (and hold steadily) the bottom frame of another (identical) buoy (such that two separate or distinct frames can stack on top of each other). The top frame and the bottom frame can be transported separately and can be installed locally. Since the top frame and the bottom frame are identical, they can be transported in piles, with one carrying the another. This can significantly lower packaging and packing protection costs during freight. In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the buoy comprises at least one coupler (at its edge, side, corner ) for joining another buoy of a floating solar panel (similar or identical to the floating solar module). Other than enabling the floating solar module to be assembled remotely, the at least one coupler may provide flexibility to a group of floating solar modules joined together. This will help in keeping the floating solar modules afloat without damaging the buoy and the solar panel.

[0014] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the floating solar module further comprises fasteners configured to connect (attach or fix) the solar panel to the buoy (fixedly or detachably), wherein the solar panel is preferably adapted to pivot around a first end. The fasteners may secure the solar panel on the buoy. This way, the solar panel may stay connected with the frame without damaging it. Further, the fasteners may provide strong support to the solar panels in a bad weather.

[0015] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the floating solar module further comprises a lifting mechanism connected to the buoy and configured to move (e.g., incline) the solar panel at a predetermined angle (with respect to the buoy or frame). The lifting mechanism may help the solar panel to incline and face the maximum amount of solar radiation to churn out maximum electricity.

[0016] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the lifting mechanism comprises at least one lifting member, disposed on the top frame (proximal to a second end of the solar panel), and the at least one lifting member is configured to lift and support the solar panel at a predetermined inclination angle. The at least one lifting member may provide a measurable mean to properly incline the solar panel at a predetermined angle. Further, the lifting member may support the solar panel to maintain the inclination.

[0017] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the floating solar module comprises at least one slider disposed on a side of the solar panel and connected with the at least one lifting member, the at least one lifting member being configured to move along a length of the at least one slider in order to adjust a position of inclination of the solar panel. The slider may help the lifting member in effortlessly adjusting the inclination of the solar panel. A frictionless slider may provide ease of angle adjustment of the inclination.

[0018] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the at least one slider comprises a stopper configured to sustain (or keep) a predetermined position of the at least one lifting member. The stopper may help the lifting member to maintain its position and stop undesirable change in the angle of inclination due to heavy winds and waves.

[0019] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the at least one slider is attached with the top frame by fastening means selected from a group comprising screw, latches, pins, rivets, nails, or a combination thereof.

[0020] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the buoy comprises (or consists of) of multiple floating bars / shafts (i.e., unit bar) having modular structure (e.g., bar with end connectors). The bars / shafts may enable ease of joining the buoy. This way, the floating solar modules can be carried anywhere by easily dismantling and re-constructing.

[0021] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the at least one of floating bars / shafts have an end connector for joining (or interlocking) another floating bar / shaft in order to form polygonal (e.g., hexagonal), circular or diverse profiles / shapes of the floating solar module. The floating bars / shafts may be joined to form a strong geometry which helps stand still in extreme weather conditions.

[0022] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, at least one of the floating bars / shafts have an end connector of the modular structure having cross sectional shape to be square, polygonal or circular.

[0023] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the floating solar module may the at least one solar panel comprises multiple solar panels. This way, multiple solar panels can be anchored using a single mooring mechanism therefore, providing economic significance.

[0024] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the floating solar may have damping matts or bridges that connect neighbouring buoys or floating solar modules. The damping matts or bridges facilitates maintenance and service of the solar panels. The damping matts or bridges may enable crews to travel to a damaged floating solar module to do repairs and replacements. In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the buoy and the solar panel have complimentary profiles so that the buoy is configured to enclose (or surround) the solar panel (in order to maximise the area of exposure for the solar panel) (or both have a shape selected from a group comprising rectangular, polygonal, circular, elliptical or a combination thereof). The complementary profiles of the buoy and the solar panel may help the floating solar module to attain better balance while floating on the water. Further, during installation, the buoy may easily receive the solar panel without sustaining any damage. Furthermore, the profiles may enable an easy transportation of the floating solar module.

[0025] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the buoy is made of material selected from a group comprising polystyrene, poly vinyl chloride, polyethylene, wood, metal, elastic, fibre glass, carbon fibre, or a combination thereof. The material of the buoy may enable the floating solar module to float above the surface of water without resistance or drowning. The material may provide a resistance against corrosion, increasing life of the solar panel on the water

[0026] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the one or more buoys along with the respective solar panel are piled one over another for ease of transportation. The shape of the buoy may enable the floating solar module to be piled upon one another. The solar panels are secure in between the frames of the buoy. This way, while transportation, the solar panels can be carried without sustaining any damage. According to a second aspect of the present application, an offshore solar power plant is provided. The offshore solar power plant comprises a first floating solar module of the floating solar module, a second floating solar module of the floating solar module, and a connector that joins the at least one coupler of the first floating solar module and the at least one coupler of the second floating solar module. The floating solar modules can be assembled offshore with the quick lock assembly. Since the floating solar modules are already assembled, the time consumption in laying the entire solar power plant is significantly low. Furthermore, since labour requirements is low in installation and maintenance, the labour costs are low. The impact of the offshore solar power plant on the environment is low due to ease of delivery, and installation.

[0027] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the offshore solar power plant further comprises a mooring mechanism having at least one string (or chord) connected with the at least one coupler 108 for securing both the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module on water (surface). The mooring mechanism may stop undesired roaming of the various floating solar modules. The mooring mechanism may prolong the life of the plant by preserving it in extreme weather, the string (or chord) may connect the floating solar modules and hold them together. The mooring mechanism may provide flexibility to the floating solar modules to stay afloat during tides.

[0028] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the at least one string (or chord) comprises an elastomer that is configured to extend and / or withdraw any of the floating solar modules within a predetermined range. The elastomer may help to reposition the floating solar modules on the solar power plant. The elastomer may extend and / or withdraw to adjust the floating solar modules as per the availability of solar radiation and / or weather condition.

[0029] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the at least one string (or chord) comprises an anchor line with branches of mooring lines; the anchor line is configured to connect an anchor, whilst at least one of the mooring lines is configured to connect the coupler of the floating solar module. The water body has an unstable surface. The anchor may help the solar power plant to retain a position on the water body. During high winds or waves, the anchor lines may stretch and contract to provide flexibility to the floating solar modules.

[0030] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the one or more lifting members on the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module, are configured to lift the solar panel.

[0031] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the one or more lifting members are adapted to move along a length of the sliders and adjust a position of inclination of the solar panel.

[0032] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the connectors are flexible or elastic for linking the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module. During high winds or waves, the flexible or elastic connectors may stretch and contract to provide flexibility to the floating solar modules. In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the offshore solar power plant may comprise damping matts or bridges that connect neighbouring buoys or the floating solar modules. The damping matts or bridges may enable crews to travel to a damaged floating solar module to do repairs and replacements.

[0033] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, offshore solar power plant may comprise an automated turning mechanism configured to rotate the solar panels automatically in in order to make the at least one solar panel 104 to face sunlight directly (i.e., in a direction for maximum absorption of solar radiation. The automated turning mechanism having at least one sensor (e.g., actinometer) configured to detect an intensity of solar radiation; a turning means (e.g., a servo motor) connected with the at least solar panel, configured to turn the solar panel; a processor in communication with the memory unit, the at least one sensor, and the turning means. The processer, obtaining the machine-readable instructions from the memory unit, is configured to define a position of the solar panel to receive maximum solar radiation based on the detected intensity from the at least one sensor; and move the solar panel at the defined position using the turning means. Due to automated solar tracking, the generation of the electricity from the solar panel is maximised. Further, with no human interference, the solar panels can be turned instantaneously without a possibility of human error.

[0034] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the connectors are detachable and / or fixed. The connectors may be chosen based on the usage of the floating solar module. For example, the detachable connectors may be used in places which are required to be separated frequently. However, fixed connectors may be used in the places which require higher strength and require less access and maintenance.

[0035] According to a third aspect of the present application, a method for constructing (installing, maintaining, etc.) an offshore solar power plant is provided. The method may comprise steps of docking a first floating solar module of the floating solar module in an offshore location; docking a second floating solar module of the floating solar module in the offshore location; and joining the at least one coupler of first floating solar module and the at least one coupler of the second floating solar module.

[0036] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises step of securing both the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module on water (surface) using a mooring mechanism. The mooring mechanism may reduce damage to the floating solar plant by eliminating the need for anchoring.

[0037] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises step of extending and / or withdrawing any of the floating solar modules within a predetermined range.

[0038] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises step of connecting an anchor with an anchor line, and connecting the coupler of the floating solar module using at least one of the mooring lines. In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises step of lifting the solar panel on the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module and adjusting a position of inclination of the solar panel.

[0039] In accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises step stacking buoys (e.g., by lorry) for transportation; joining floating bars or bars on shore; pulling and assembling the floating solar modules by a tug boat to a remote sea location; replacing a faulty floating solar module with a new floating solar module; cleaning the floating solar modules by seawater flushing; and installing a solar panel inside (surrounded) by a buoy (e.g., Snap-On or click-on).

[0040] The accompanying Figures (i.e. , Figs, or FIGS) illustrate embodiments and serve to explain principles of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood, however, that these Figures are presented for purposes of illustration only, and not for defining limits of relevant applications. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this application and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the application may admit to other equally effective embodiments.

[0041] These and other features, benefits, and advantages of the present application will become apparent by reference to the following text Figure, with like reference numbers referring to like structures across the views, wherein: Figure 1 illustrates a floating solar module in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 illustrates various shapes of a buoy of the floating solar module, in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 illustrates a hexagonal profiled floating solar module, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of the floating solar module in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 illustrates the buoy, stacked over one another, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a lifting mechanism connected to the buoy, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 illustrates an automated lifting mechanism of the floating solar module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figures 9 illustrates a mooring mechanism in the floating solar module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figures 10 illustrates an offshore solar power plant, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 11 illustrates connectors connecting couplers of the floating solar module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figures 12-13 illustrate various kinds of connectors between the floating solar module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 14 illustrates an anchored offshore solar power plant, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 15 illustrates damping matts or bridges that connect neighbouring floating solar module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 16 depicts an enlarged top view of damping mats interlocking two side bars / shafts (or unit bar) (specifically, the first side bar and the second side bar) according to one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 17 presents a cross-sectional view of the damping mats shown in Figure 16, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 18 illustrates method for constructing (installing, maintaining, etc.) an offshore solar power plant, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 illustrates multiple offshore solar power plants anchored together, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0056] Figure 20 illustrates multiple offshore solar power plants anchored together and connected with the damping matts or bridges, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] The present application is described hereinafter by various embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein reference numerals used in the accompanying drawing correspond to the like elements throughout the description. While the present application is described herein by way of example using embodiments and illustrative drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that the application is not limited to the embodiments of drawing or drawings described and are not intended to represent the scale of the various components. Further, some components that may form a part of the application may not be illustrated in certain Figures, for ease of illustration, and such omissions do not limit the embodiments outlined in any way. It should be understood that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the application to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the application is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present application as defined by the appended claim. As used throughout this description, the word "may" is used in a permissive sense (i.e., meaning having the potential to), rather than the mandatory sense, (i.e., meaning must). Further, the words "a" or "an" mean "at least one” and the word “plurality” means “one or more” unless otherwise mentioned. Furthermore, the terminology and phraseology used herein is solely used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as limiting in scope. Language such as "including," "comprising," "having," "containing," or "involving," and variations thereof, is intended to be broad and encompass the subject matter listed thereafter, equivalents, and additional subject matter not recited, and is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps. Likewise, the term "comprising" is considered synonymous with the terms "including" or "containing" for applicable legal purposes.

[0058] Figure 1 illustrates a floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105, in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. As shown in figure 1 , the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 comprises at least one solar panel 104 and a buoy 102. The solar panels 104 may be selected from a group comprising, but not limited to, monocrystalline solar panels 104, polycrystalline solar panels 104, passivated emitter and rear contact cells (PERC) solar panels 104, and thin-film solar panels 104. Further, the buoy 102 may be coupled to the solar panels 104 for holding the solar panels 104. The buoy 102 may be made of a rust resistant material such as, but not limited to, stainless steel, titanium, metal alloys, polymer, glass, plastic, polystyrene, poly vinyl chloride, polyethylene, wood, elastic, fibre glass, carbon fibre, or a combination thereof. The buoy 102 may be configured to surround and / or enclose peripherally at least one edge of the solar panels 104.

[0059] Further, as shown in figure 1 , the buoy 102 may comprise a peripheral frame that may define, but not limited to, a hollow receptacle in its centre or middle position of the frame for holding the solar panels 104 in the centre or the middle position and protecting the at least one edge by preventing the solar panels 104 from being knocked laterally. In accordance with an additional or alternative embodiment, the buoy 102 may consist of multiple floating bars / shafts (i.e., unit bar) having modular structure e.g., bar with end connectors 402. The floating bars / shafts (not shown in figure 1 ) of the modular structure connects (or interlocks) for constructing polygonal (e.g., hexagonal), circular or diverse shapes of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105.

[0060] Figure 2 illustrates various shapes of a buoy 102 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105, in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. As shown in figure 1A, the floating bars / shafts of the modular structure having cross sectional shape to be polygonal 1021 , circular 1023, or square 1025. The buoy 102 and the solar panels 104 may have complimentary profiles so that the buoy 102 is configured to enclose (or surround) the solar panels 104 (in order to maximise the area of exposure for the solar panels 104). Figure 3 illustrates a hexagonal profiled floating solar module 1029 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 3, the hexagonal profiled floating solar module 1029 comprises may be, but not limited to 6 equal floating bars / shafts 150 arranged in a hexagonal geometry. As shown in figure 3, the solar panel 104 may be disposed in a similar geometry as of the buoy 102. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the floating bars / shafts 150 may be welded or may be joined using elbows (not shown in figure 3). The buoy 102 and the solar panels 104 may have a shape selected from a group comprising rectangular, polygonal, circular, elliptical or a combination thereof. Further, returning to figure 1 , as shown in figure 1 , the buoy 102 and / or the peripheral frame may comprise a height 112 that is substantially larger than a thickness of the solar panels 104 for keeping the solar panels 104 in a middle position of the buoy 102 vertically or between a top surface and a bottom surface of the buoy / frame 102, so that the solar panels 104 is prevented from being knocked from top or bottom of the buoy 102. The height 112 of the peripheral frame as shown in figure 1 may also protect the solar panel 104 placed inside from any damages while stacking the buoys 102. Further, as shown in figures 1 the buoy 102 comprises at least one coupler 108. The at least one coupler 108 may be disposed at its edge, side, corner for joining another buoy 102 of a floating solar panel 104. Another buoy 102 may be similar or identical to the floating solar module 100, 101 ,103, 105.

[0061] Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view 200 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. As shown in figure 4, the (peripheral) frame comprises a top frame 1020 and a bottom frame 1022, the top frame 1020 and the bottom frame 1022 are joined or fused together at their edges or rims temporarily or permanently in order to form the buoy 102 for floating on water. Further, as shown in figure 4, the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 comprises fasteners 202 configured to connect, attach, or fix the solar panels 104 to the buoy 102 fixedly or detachably.

[0062] Figure 5 illustrates 240 the buoy 102, stacked over one another, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 5, the one or more buoy 102 along with the respective solar panels 104 are piled one over another for ease of transportation. Due to there is a height difference between the solar panels 104 and the buoy 102, the solar panels 104 is comfortably accommodated inside the buoy 102. Therefore, while transportation, the solar panels 104 is safely packed in between the buoy 102. As shown in figure 5, a first buoy 1024, a second buoy 1026, a third buoy 1027 and a fourth buoy 1028 are stacked along with their respective solar panels 104.

[0063] Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a lifting mechanism connected to the buoy 102, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The floating solar module

[0064] 100, 101 , 103, 105 may comprise the lifting mechanism having at least one lifting member 110, disposed on the top frame 1020, proximal to a second end 1064 of the solar panels 104. Further, as shown in figures 6 and 7 the floating solar module 100,

[0065] 101 , 103, 105 also comprises at least one slider 106 disposed on a side of the solar panels 104 and connected with the at least one lifting member 110. As shown in figure 4, the at least one slider 106 is attached with the top frame 1020 using fastening means 204 selected from a group comprising screw, latches, fasteners, pins, rivets, nails, or a combination thereof. In accordance with an alternative or additional embodiment, the at least one slider 106 comprises a stopper.

[0066] Further, figure 8 illustrates an automated lifting mechanism 250 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 8, the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 may comprise automated turning mechanism configured to rotate the solar panels 104 automatically in a direction for maximum absorption of solar radiation. The automated turning mechanism may have at least one sensor 254 (e.g., actinometer), a turning means (e.g., a servo motor), and a processor 2524. In accordance with an embodiment, the sensors 254 may be selected from a group comprising, but not limited to, a temperature sensor 254, infrared sensor 254, laser, humidity sensor 254, etc.

[0067] The processor 2524, connected with a memory unit 2522, the at least one sensor 254, and the turning means. The processer, may obtain the machine-readable instructions from the memory unit 2522. The processor 2524 is envisaged to include computing capabilities using memory unit 2522 configured to store machine readable instructions. The machine-readable instructions may be loaded into the memory unit 2522 from a non-transitory machine-readable medium, such as, but not limited to, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs and Flash Drives. Alternately, the machine- readable instructions may be loaded in a form of a computer software program into the memory unit 2522. The memory unit 2522 in that manner may be selected from a group comprising EPROM, EEPROM and Flash memory.

[0068] In various embodiments, the processor 2524 (i.e., microprocessor) may be a processor 2524 selected from one of, but not limited to an ARM based or Intel based processor 2524 in the form of field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose processor 2524 and an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Additionally, the processor 2524 may further include a configurable processing unit, an operating system, an Application Processing Unit (APU), Hardware (HW) threads, Software (SW) threads, SSD storage, EMCC, SD etc. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 8, a communication network 2526 may also be used for connecting the components or connecting the processor 2524 with the at least one sensor 254, and turning means. The communication network 2526 can be a short-range communication network 2526 and / or a long-range communication network 2526, wire or wireless communication network 2526. The communication network 2526 includes, but not limited to, a serial communication interface, a parallel communication interface or a combination thereof. The communication network 2526 may be implemented using a number of protocols, such as but not limited to, TCP / IP, 3GPP, 3GPP2, LTE, IEEE 802.x etc. The communication network 2526 may be wireless communication network 2526 selected from one of, but not limited to, Bluetooth, radio frequency, internet or satellite communication network 2526 providing maximum coverage. The communication network 2526 may use cellular data, satellite communication or nearby communication systems such as BLUETOOTH, Wi-Fi, ZIGBEE etc.

[0069] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 may also include a data repository. The data repository may be a local storage (such as SSD, eMMC, Flash, SD card, etc.) or a cloudbased storage. In any manner, the data repository is envisaged to be capable of providing the data to the processor 2524, when the data is queried appropriately using applicable security and other data transfer protocols. The data repository may store, but not limited to, previous and / or live images, verbatim files, processing files, videos, audios, 3D immersive content, solutions. It is also envisaged to store various charts, tables, learning contents such as practical videos, manipulatable 3D content. In an additional or alternative embodiment, Figures 9 illustrates 300 a mooring mechanism in the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 9, the floating solar module

[0070] 100, 101 , 103, 105 may further comprise a mooring mechanism having at least one string (or chord) 354 connected with the at least one coupler 108 for securing the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 with another floating solar module 100,

[0071] 101 , 103, 105 on water (surface). In accordance with an embodiment, the at least one string (or chord) 354 may comprise an elastomer 356. Further, the at least one string (or chord) 354 may comprise an anchor line 358 with branches of mooring lines 352. The anchor line 358 may be configured to connect an anchor 360.

[0072] Further, figures 10 illustrates an offshore solar power plant 400, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 10, the offshore solar power plant 400 may comprise, but not limited to a first floating solar module 100 and a second floating solar module 101 of the floating solar module 100,101 ,103, 105. Further, as shown in figure 10, a third floating solar module 103 and a fourth floating solar module 105 may be also connected to form the offshore solar power plant 400. Figure 11 illustrates connectors 402 connecting couplers 108 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 11 , a connector 402 joins the at least one coupler 108 of the first floating solar module 100 and the at least one coupler 108 of the second floating solar module 101. After the connectors 402 are put into the place, as shown in figure 11 , the first floating solar module 100 and the second floating solar module 101 are joined together. As shown in figure 10, the first solar panel 1041 on the first solar module 100, the second solar panel 1042 on the second solar module 101 , the third solar panel 1043 on the third floating solar module 103, and the fourth solar panel 1044 on the fourth floating solar module 105 are disposed. Further, as shown in figure 1 1 , the third floating solar module 103 and the fourth floating solar module 105 may be connected in a similar way to form the offshore solar plant 400. Figures 12-13 illustrate various kinds of connectors 402, 403, 404 between the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 12, the connectors 403 may be flexible or elastic for linking the first floating solar module 100 and the second floating solar module 101 . During high winds or waves, the flexible or elastic connectors 403 may stretch and contract to provide flexibility to the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105. Further, the connectors 402 may be detachable and / or fixed. Figure 13 illustrates a snap-fit or Snap-On connector 404. The snap-fit connector 404 may enable a faster assembling of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105.

[0073] Figure 14 illustrates an anchored offshore solar power plant 400, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 14, the at least one string (or chord) 354 may comprise an elastomer 356. Further, the at least one string (or chord) 354 may comprise an anchor line 358 with branches of mooring lines 352. The anchor line 358 may be configured to connect an anchor 360.

[0074] Figure 15 illustrates bridged floating solar module 500 showing damping matts or bridges 552 that connect neighbouring floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 illustrates damping matts or bridges 552 that connect neighbouring floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 15, the damping matts or bridges 552 may be provided between the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105. The damping matts or bridges 552 damping matts or bridges 552 may be used for retrieving, dismantling, or relocating the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105.

[0075] Further, in accordance with an additional or alternative embodiment of the present invention, the offshore solar power plant 400 comprises damping matts or bridges 552 that connect neighbouring buoy 102 or the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 (e.g., connecting the first floating solar module 101 and the second floating solar module 101 ). The damping matts or bridges 552 may be used by, may be, but not limited to, cleaners or technicians to clean or repair the solar panels 104 on the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105. Further, damping matts or bridges 552 may be used for retrieving, dismantling, or relocating the floating solar module 100, 101 ,103,105.

[0076] Figure 16 depicts an enlarged top view of damping mats or bridges 552 (can two items share the same reference numerals?) interlocking two side bars / shafts (or unit bar) 150 (specifically, the first side bar and the second side bar) according to one embodiment. The damping mats or bridges 552 may extend along the bars / shafts 150 between two elbows 556. All the damping mats or bridges 552 span across the entire floating solar plant 400.

[0077] In accordance with an embodiment, to secure the damping mats or bridges 552 in place and prevent it from sliding, fastening bonds 558 may be applied. The fastening bonds 558 such as but not limited to zip ties, wires, chains, ropes, etc. Furthermore, one or more gaps 554 exist between two neighbouring damping matts or bridges 552 but are less than 30 centimetres (cm) for providing a continuous walkway for the human staff. In Figure 16, three fastening bonds 558 are shown, applied to the middle portion 562 and two end portions 560, 564 (the first end portion 560 and the second end portion 564) of the damping mats or bridges 552. It should be noted that the arrangement of the three fastening bonds 558 shown in Figure 16 is just an example, and other layouts for applying the fastening bonds 558 to the damping mats or bridges 552 are also considered within the scope of this application.

[0078] Figure 17 presents a cross-sectional view of the damping mats or bridges 552 shown in Figure 16. As shown in figure 17, the damping mats or bridges 552 may only cover the upper portions of the side bars / shafts 150 to minimize material usage. However, in cases where the floating solar plant 400 is deployed in specific sea areas prone to strong winds or frequent storms, the damping mats or bridges 552 may cover the side bars / shafts entirely, forming a closed loop. The bars / shafts 150 have smooth surfaces that allow them to rotate freely without significant hindrance. Consequently, by rotating the bars / shafts 150 towards each other, the floating solar plant 400 can effectively withstand external shocks or storms. Once the external shocks or storms subside, the bars / shafts 150 will return to their original positions due to the force of gravity.

[0079] An embodiment of the invention optionally or preferably work in following manner: Figure 18 illustrates method for constructing (installing, maintaining, etc.) an offshore solar power plant 400, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 18, the method starts at step 610 by docking a first floating solar module 101 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 in an offshore location. Foremost, the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 may be assembled. The top frame 1020 is configured to receive (and hold steadily) the bottom frame 1022 of another (identical) buoy 102. Later, the buoy 102 may be coupled to the solar panels 104 for holding the solar panels 104 during usage.

[0080] The buoy 102 is configured to surround (and / or enclose) (peripheral) at least one edge of the solar panels 104 during the usage (of solar energy conversion and transportation of the solar panels 104). In accordance with an embodiment the fasteners 202 may be configured to connect (attach or fix) the solar panels 104 to the buoy 102 (fixedly or detachably). The solar panels 104 is preferably adapted to pivot around a first end 1062 as shown in figure 1 . However, a person skilled in the art may appreciate that the solar panels 104 may be connected at the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 at the first end 1062 and / or the second end 1064.

[0081] The floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 i.e., the one or more buoy 102 along with the respective solar panels 104 may be piled one over another for ease of transportation. The floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 may be transported near any stable waterbody such as, but not limited to, sea, lake, canal, river, pond etc. Next, a first floating solar module 100 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 may be docked in an offshore location. Later, at step 610, a second floating solar module 101 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 may be docked in the offshore location. Later, the mooring mechanism having the at least one string (or chord) 354 connected with the at least one coupler 108 may secure both the first floating solar module 100 and the second floating solar module 101 on the water (surface). An elastomer 356 of the string is configured to extend and / or withdraw any of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 within a predetermined range. The predetermined range may be, but not limited to, 2 centimetres to 500 centimetres.

[0082] Next, at step 630, the at least one coupler 108 of first floating solar module 100 and the at least one coupler 108 of the second floating solar module 101 are joined. Further, the connector 402 may join the at least one coupler 108 of the first floating solar module 100 and the at least one coupler 108 of the second floating solar module 101 to form the offshore solar power plant 400. Next, the anchor line 358 may be configured to connect the anchor 360 with the offshore solar power plant 400. The at least one of the mooring lines 352 is configured to connect the coupler 108 of the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 of the offshore solar power plant 400 with the string and / or the anchor. In an additional or alternative embodiment of the present invention, the first floating solar module 100 alone may be anchored in the waterbody as shown in figure 9 using the mooring mechanism and the anchor.

[0083] After docking (or before docking), the one or more lifting members 110 on the first floating solar module 100 and the second floating solar module 101 , may be configured to lift the solar panels 104. The automated lifting mechanism 250 connected with the solar panels 104 may be configured to move (e.g., incline) the solar panels 104 at a predetermined angle (with respect to the buoy 102 or frame). For example, the predetermined angle may be in range of, but not limited to, 0° to 360°, preferably 0° to 180°. The at least one lifting member 110 may be configured to lift the solar panels 104 at an inclination and also provide support to it. Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one lifting member 110 being configured to move along a length of the at least one slider 106 in order to adjust a position of inclination of the solar panels 104. Moreover, the stopper may be configured to sustain (or keep) a position of the at least one lifting member 110.

[0084] In an additional or alternative embodiment, the automated turning mechanism may be configured to rotate the solar panels 104 automatically in a direction for maximum absorption of solar radiation. The automated turning mechanism having at least one sensor 254 (e.g., actinometer) may be configured to detect an intensity of solar radiation. Further the processor 2524 in communication with the memory unit 2522, the at least one sensor 254, and the turning means, is configured to define a position of the solar panels 104 to receive maximum solar radiation based on the detected intensity from the at least one sensor 254. For example, at noon, where the solar radiation will be maximum at a vertical position, the processor 2524 may receive the indication to turn the solar panels 104 from the at least sensor 254. Further, the processor 2524 is configured to move the solar panels 104 at the defined position using the turning means. The processor 2524 may continuously receive the data from the at least sensor 254 and process it to turn the solar panels 104 throughout the day, based on a location of the sun and the solar radiation with respect to the solar panels 104. Figure 19 illustrates 550 multiple offshore solar power plants 405, 406, 407, 408 anchored together, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 19, a first solar power plant 405 is connected with a second solar power plant 406, a third solar power plant 407 and a fourth solar power plant 408. The multiple offshore solar power plants 405, 406, 407, 408 may be connected using the connectors 402. As shown in figure 19, multiple power plants 405, 406, 407, 408 may be along with the respective anchors are placed over the water body to stay afloat. Figure 20 illustrates multiple offshore solar power plants 405, 406,

[0085] 407, 408 anchored together and connected with the damping matts or bridges 552, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 20, various offshore solar power plants 405, 406, 407, 408 are connected with each other using the damping matts or bridges 552. The damping matts or bridges 552 may provide strength and flexibility to the offshore solar power plants 405, 406, 407,

[0086] 408. Moreover, the damping matts or bridges 552 may provide mobility to the technicians, cleaners, mechanics to operate on various the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 of the offshore solar power plants 405, 406, 407, 408.

[0087] The present application offers a number of advantages. The present application fixes an offshore solar plant’s position relative to a point on the bottom of a waterway without connecting the offshore solar plants to shore. The floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 are easy to transport and install. Further, with flexible shape, the offshore solar plant can be deployed in extreme weather conditions. Further, since the solar panels 104 are always facing the sun, the electricity output is maximised. Furthermore, because of a long duration of deployment, the solar panels 104 are required to be racked frequently, due to ease of installation and dismantling, the floating solar module 100, 101 , 103, 105 can easily be racked. Furthermore, due to quick lock assembly, labour requirements are low and large scale of floatation of the plant is possible. Since the plant is to be installed in water, there is no requirement of land remodelling and causing soil erosion therefore, this is good for environment. Freight costs are significantly lowered by easy and safe transportation of the solar modules.

[0088] In the application, unless specified otherwise, the terms “comprising”, “comprise”, and grammatical variants thereof, intended to represent “open” or “inclusive” language such that they include recited elements but also permit inclusion of additional, non-explicitly recited elements.

[0089] Various modifications to these embodiments are apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and the accompanying drawings. The principles associated with the various embodiments described herein may be applied to other embodiments. Therefore, the description is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown along with the accompanying drawings but is to be providing broadest scope consistent with the principles and the novel and inventive features disclosed or suggested herein. Accordingly, the application is anticipated to hold on to all other such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the present application and the appended claims. Reference Numerals

[0090] 100 - first floating solar module

[0091] 101 - second floating solar module

[0092] 100, 101 , 103, 105 - floating solar module

[0093] 102 - buoy

[0094] 1020 - top frame

[0095] 1021 -polygonal buoy

[0096] 1022 - bottom frame

[0097] 1023 - circular buoy

[0098] 1024 - first buoy

[0099] 1025 - square buoy

[0100] 1026 - second buoy

[0101] 1027 - third buoy

[0102] 1028 - fourth buoy

[0103] 1029 - hexagonal profiled floating solar module

[0104] 104 - solar panels

[0105] 1041 - first solar panels

[0106] 1042 - second solar panels

[0107] 1043 - third solar panels

[0108] 1044 - fourth solar panels -

[0109] 103 - third floating solar module

[0110] 105 - fourth floating solar module

[0111] 106 - slider

[0112] 1062 - first end

[0113] 1064 - second end 108 - coupler

[0114] 110 - lifting member

[0115] 112 - height

[0116] 150 - bars / shafts

[0117] 200 - exploded view of floating solar module

[0118] 202 - fasteners

[0119] 204 - fastening means

[0120] 240 - stacked modules

[0121] 250 - automated lifting mechanism

[0122] 254 - sensor

[0123] 2522 - memory unit

[0124] 2524 - processor

[0125] 2526 - communication network

[0126] 300 - floating solar module with anchor

[0127] 352 - mooring lines

[0128] 354 - one string (or chord)

[0129] 356 - elastomer

[0130] 358 - anchor line

[0131] 360 - anchor

[0132] 400 - offshore solar power plant

[0133] 402 - connector

[0134] 403 - flexible or elastic connector

[0135] 404 - snap-fit connector

[0136] 405 - first solar power plant

[0137] 406 - second solar power plant 407 - third solar power plant

[0138] 408 - fourth solar power plant

[0139] 500 - bridged floating solar module 100

[0140] 550 - multiple solar power plants 552 - damping matts or bridges

[0141] 554 - gaps

[0142] 556- elbows

[0143] 558 - fastening bonds

[0144] 560 - first end portion 562 - middle portion

[0145] 564 - second end portion

[0146] 600 - method for constructing an offshore solar power plant 400

[0147] 610 - step of docking a first floating solar module

[0148] 620 - step of docking a second floating solar module 630 - step of joining at least one coupler

Claims

Claims1 . A floating solar module comprising:> at least one solar panel operable to convert sunlight into electricity by using photovoltaic cells; a buoy coupled to the at least one solar panel, operable to hold the solar panels during usage; wherein the buoy is configured to surround at least one edge of the solar panels during the usage.

2. The floating solar module of claim 1 , wherein the buoy comprises a frame that defines a hollow receptacle in its centre for having the solar panel in its centre and protecting the at least one edges.

3. The floating solar module of claim 1 or 2, wherein the buoy comprises a height that is larger than a thickness of the solar panels for keeping the solar panel inside the buoy in order to be prevented from being knocked from top or bottom of the buoy.

4. The floating solar module of claim 2, wherein the frame comprises a top frame and a bottom frame, the top frame and the bottom frame are joined together; wherein the top frame is configured to receive the bottom frame of another buoy.

5. The floating solar module of claim 1 , wherein the buoy comprises at least one coupler for joining another buoy of a floating solar module.

6. The floating solar module of claim 1 , further comprising an automated lifting mechanism connected to the buoy and configured to move the solar panel at a predetermined angle.

7. The floating solar module of the claim 6, comprising at least one slider disposed on a side of the solar panel and connected with the at least one lifting member, the at least one lifting member being configured to move along a length of the at least one slider in order to adjust a position of inclination of the solar panels.

8. The floating solar module of claim 1 , wherein the buoy comprises of multiple floating bars / shafts that are configured to connect to each other.

9. The floating solar module of claim 1 , wherein the buoy and the solar panels comprise complimentary profiles respectively so that the buoy is configured to enclose the solar panels.

10. An offshore solar power plant comprising: a first floating solar module according to the floating solar module of claim 1 ,> a second floating solar module according to the floating solar module of claim 1 , and a connector that joins the at least one coupler of the first floating solar module and the at least one coupler of the second floating solar module together.11 . The offshore solar power plant of claim 10, further comprising a mooring mechanism comprising at least one string connected with the at least one coupler for securing both the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module on water.

12. The offshore solar power plant of claim 11 , wherein the at least one string comprises an elastomer that is configured to extend and / or withdraw any of the floating solar module within a predetermined range.

13. The offshore solar power plant of claim 12, wherein the at least one string comprises an anchor line with branches of mooring lines; the anchor line is configured to connect an anchor, whilst at least one of the mooring lines is configured to connect the coupler of the floating solar module.

14. The offshore solar power plant of claim 10, further comprising an automated turning mechanism configured to move (the at least one solar panel automatically in order to make the at least one solar panel to face sunlight directly; wherein the automated turning mechanism comprises at least one sensor configured to detect an intensity of solar radiation; a turning means connected with the at least solar panels, configured to turn the solar panels; and a processor in communication with the memory unit, the at least one sensor, and the turning means, wherein the processer, obtaining the machine-readable instructions from the memory unit, is configured to: define a position of the solar panels to receive maximum solar radiation based on the detected intensity from the at least one sensor; and move the solar panels at the defined position using the turning means.

15. A method for constructing an offshore solar power plant, wherein the method comprising steps of: docking a first floating solar module of the floating solar module in an offshore location; docking a second floating solar module of the floating solar module in the offshore location; and joining the at least one coupler of first floating solar module and the at least one coupler of the second floating solar module.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising step of: securing both the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module on water using a mooring mechanism.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising step of: extending and / or withdrawing any of the floating solar module within a predetermined range.

18. The method of claim 15, further comprising steps of: connecting an anchor with an anchor line, and connecting the coupler of the floating solar module using at least one of the mooring lines.

19. The method of claim 15, further comprising steps of lifting the solar panels on the first floating solar module and the second floating solar module and adjusting a position of inclination of the solar panels.

20. The method as claimed in claim 15, further comprising steps of: stacking buoys for transportation; joining floating bars or bars on shore; pulling and assembling the floating solar modules by a tug boat to a remote sea location; replacing a faulty floating solar module with a new floating solar module; cleaning the floating solar modules by seawater flushing; and installing a solar panel inside by a buoy.

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