Coding method and apparatus, decoding method and apparatus, and communication device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a coding method and apparatus, a decoding method and apparatus, and a communication device. The coding method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a first communication device respectively determining channel capacities of sub-channels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol; the first communication device dividing the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits into T sub-channel groups according to the channel capacities of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits; the first communication device dividing a codeword sequence having a length of N into T groups to obtain T codeword sub-sequences; the first communication device determining the reliability ranking among the T codeword sub-sequences according to column weights of the T codeword sub-sequences; and the first communication device respectively mapping bits of the T codeword sub-sequences onto the sub-channels of the T sub-channel groups according to the channel capacity ranking among the T sub-channel groups and the reliability ranking among the T codeword sub-sequences.

Description

Coding method, decoding method, device and communication equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202310830311.X filed on July 6, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an encoding method, a decoding method, an apparatus and a communication device. Background Art

[0004] With the continuous development of communication technology, mobile communication systems have evolved from the initial voice and text messaging to the sixth generation (6G) for the intelligent connection of all things. th The massive number of IoT connections poses a significant challenge to the current scarce spectrum resources. High-spectrum-efficiency and low-latency transmission is a key issue facing current communications. Channel coding is a key technology in mobile communication systems, used to reduce interference from additive noise on the channel, thereby lowering the bit error rate and improving the reliability of information transmission.

[0005] Polar codes are the first channel coding methods proven to achieve capacity limits. Polar codes are linear block codes whose generator matrix is ​​a Hadamard-like matrix constructed based on the channel polarization phenomenon. The main idea of ​​Polar codes is to expand the polarization kernel matrix using the Kronecker product, combine the sub-channels using the expansion matrix, and then sequentially split the combined vector channels. This results in channel polarization for the binary channels before the combination. This phenomenon causes the split channels to undergo two-level differentiation: one part becomes a pure noise channel with a capacity approaching 0, while the other part becomes a noiseless channel with a capacity approaching 1. During encoding, the information bits to be transmitted are loaded onto the channel with a capacity approaching 1, while the channel with a capacity approaching 0 is not used, thus achieving reliable information transmission.

[0006] In addition, in mobile communication systems, coding and modulation is an effective way to achieve high spectral efficiency and reliable transmission. For Polar code coding and modulation systems, there are two common schemes: multilevel Polar-coding (MLPC) and bit interleaved Polar-coding (BIPCM). Polar codes are mainly constructed in two ways: offline and online. Among them, the offline construction is independent of the channel conditions. For example, the construction method based on polarization weight (PW), that is, the protocol predefines the reliability ranking of each bit of the polarization encoder, that is, constructing a sequence or polarization sequence (polar sequence), and then constructing the information bit set and frozen bit set of the polarization encoder based on the construction sequence. It can be seen that the relevant channel coding method only considers the reliability of each input bit of the polarization encoder, and the reliability of the channel coding is poor.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The embodiments of the present application provide an encoding method, a decoding method, an apparatus, and a communication device, which can improve the reliability of channel coding.

[0009] In a first aspect, a coding method is provided, the method comprising:

[0010] The first communications device determines the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to M bits of the first modulation symbol, respectively, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;

[0011] The first communication device divides the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same;

[0012] The first communication device divides a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, where the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polar encoding an information sequence using a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T;

[0013] The first communication device determines, according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences, a reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences;

[0014] The first communication device maps the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity order among the T subchannel groups and the reliability order among the T codeword subsequences.

[0015] In a second aspect, an encoding device is provided, the device comprising:

[0016] a first determining module, configured to respectively determine the channel capacity of subchannels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;

[0017] a first grouping module, configured to group the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same;

[0018] a second grouping module, configured to divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, where the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polar encoding an information sequence using a polar encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T;

[0019] A second determining module is configured to determine a reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences;

[0020] A mapping module is configured to map the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity order among the T subchannel groups and the reliability order among the T codeword subsequences.

[0021] In a third aspect, a decoding method is provided, the method comprising:

[0022] The second communication device receives a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy (MCS) level; the coding identifier is used to identify a coding and modulation scheme corresponding to the information sequence;

[0023] The second communication device decodes the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, a decoding device is provided, the device comprising:

[0025] A receiving module is configured to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy (MCS) level; the coding identifier is used to identify a coding mode corresponding to the information sequence;

[0026] A decoding module is used to decode the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.

[0027] In a fifth aspect, a first communication device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0028] In a sixth aspect, a first communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to respectively determine the channel capacity of subchannels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; divide the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups based on the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacity of the subchannels within the same subchannel group is the same; divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T; determine a reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences based on the column weights of the T codeword subsequences; and map the bits of the T codeword subsequences respectively to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups based on the channel capacity ranking between the T subchannel groups and the reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences.

[0029] In the seventh aspect, a second communication device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.

[0030] In an eighth aspect, a second communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy (MCS) level; the coding identifier is used to identify a coding modulation scheme corresponding to the information sequence; and the processor is configured to decode the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.

[0031] In the ninth aspect, a coding and decoding system is provided, comprising: a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device can be used to execute the steps of the encoding method as described in the first aspect, and the second communication device can be used to execute the steps of the decoding method as described in the third aspect.

[0032] In the tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.

[0033] In the eleventh aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0034] In the twelfth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present application, when an information sequence is polar-encoded using a polar encoder to obtain a codeword sequence, the codeword sequence is further divided into multiple codeword subsequences, and a reliability ranking is determined among the multiple codeword subsequences. The subchannels corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol are grouped according to the channel capacity, and the channel capacity ranking among the multiple subchannel groups is calculated. Then, based on the reliability ranking among the multiple codeword subsequences and the channel capacity ranking among the multiple subchannel groups, the codeword subsequences are mapped to the subchannel groups. In other words, the mapping of each bit of the codeword sequence to the subchannel is performed based on a combination of the reliability of each bit of the codeword sequence and the channel capacity of each subchannel. This facilitates mapping bits with high reliability to subchannels with large channel capacity, thereby improving the reliability of channel coding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG2 is a flow chart of an encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG3a is a schematic diagram of simulation curves of the total channel capacity and the capacity of each sub-channel under 16-QAM provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG3 b is a schematic diagram of simulation curves of the total channel capacity and the capacity of each sub-channel under 64-QAM provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG3 c is a schematic diagram of simulation curves of the total channel capacity and the capacity of each sub-channel under 256-QAM provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a 16-QAM-based coding modulation scheme provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of channel capacity calculation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the encoding method and uplink decoding algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG7 is a flowchart of a decoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG8 is a structural diagram of an encoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG9 is a structural diagram of a decoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG10 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG11 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG12 is a third structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in this application represents at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three options, namely, Option 1: including A but not including B; Option 2: including B but not including A; Option 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0052] The term "indication" in this application can be either a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). A direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc. in the instruction sent; an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc. based on the judgment result.

[0053] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the technology described can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. th Generation, 6G) communication system.

[0054] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (Flight Vehicle), a vehicle-mounted device (VUE), a ship-mounted device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), an ATM, or a self-service machine, or other terminal-side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle-mounted device can also be called a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be called a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), the next generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), access point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B (home evolved Node B), Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical vocabulary. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0055] The core network equipment may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, mobility management entity (MME), access mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), user plane function (UPF), policy control function (PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (PCRF), edge application service discovery function (EASDF), unified data management (UDM), unified data repository (UDR), home user server (HSS), centralized network configuration (CNC), network storage function (NRF), network exposure function (NEF), local NEF (L-NEF), binding support function (BSF), application function ( It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the core network device in the NR system is introduced as an example, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0056] It should be noted that the first communication device of the embodiment of the present application can be a terminal or a network side device, and the second communication device of the embodiment of the present application can be the above-mentioned network side device or terminal. For example, the first communication device is a terminal and the second communication device is a network side device; or, the first communication device is a network side device and the second communication device is a terminal; or, the above-mentioned first communication device is a first terminal and the above-mentioned second communication device is a second terminal, etc.

[0057] The encoding method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below through some embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a flowchart of an encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by a first communication device, as shown in FIG. 2 , including the following steps:

[0059] Step 201: A first communication device determines the channel capacity of each subchannel corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol.

[0060] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned first modulation symbol can be any modulation symbol. The number of bits of the above-mentioned first modulation symbol can be determined according to the modulation mode adopted, wherein the above-mentioned modulation mode may include but is not limited to Phase Shift Keying (PSK), Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), Minimum Frequency Shift Keying (MSK), etc. Optionally, the above-mentioned QAM can include 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, etc. For ease of understanding, the embodiment of the present application is described below using the modulation mode of 16-QAM as an example. In this case, the number of bits of the first modulation symbol is 4.

[0061] The sub-channels corresponding to the above-mentioned M bits can be understood as the sub-channels corresponding to each of the above-mentioned M bits, wherein the sub-channel corresponding to each bit can be understood as the equivalent sub-channel corresponding to the bit. Taking the BIPCM modulation system as an example, the BIPCM channel can be regarded as consisting of M parallel equivalent sub-channels, and the sub-channels corresponding to the above-mentioned M bits are the above-mentioned M equivalent sub-channels. The channel capacity of the sub-channels corresponding to the above-mentioned M bits can be calculated by a formula or obtained by looking up a table, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0062] Step 202: The first communication device divides the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same.

[0063] In this embodiment, subchannels with the same channel capacity can be grouped into the same subchannel group, and subchannels with different channel capacities can be grouped into different subchannel groups, thereby obtaining T subchannel groups. For example, for 16-QAM, the subchannels corresponding to the M bits can be grouped into two groups; for 64-QAM, the subchannels corresponding to the M bits can be grouped into four groups; and for 256-QAM, the subchannels corresponding to the M bits can be grouped into eight groups.

[0064] Step 203: The first communication device divides a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, where the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polar encoding an information sequence using a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T.

[0065] In this embodiment, the information sequence can be any information sequence that needs to be transmitted, wherein the length of the information sequence can be any length. For example, the information sequence can be directly polarized encoded to obtain a codeword sequence, or the information sequence can be first subjected to r-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) encoding, and then polarized encoded to obtain the codeword sequence. The value of r can be related to the length of the codeword sequence (i.e., N) and the length of the information sequence. It should be understood that this embodiment does not limit the specific implementation of polarized encoding of the information sequence.

[0066] The codeword sequence of length N is divided into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences. For example, the codeword sequence of length N can be serial-to-parallel converted to divide the codeword sequence into T codeword subsequences, wherein the length of each codeword sequence can be the same. For example, the codeword sequence of length N c = (c1, c2, ..., c N ), perform serial-to-parallel conversion on the codeword sequence to obtain T codeword subsequences (c1,…,c T )=(c1c 1+T …c1+T*(N / T-1),…,c T c 2T …c N ), where the i-th codeword subsequence c in the T codeword subsequences i =(c i c i+T …ci+T*(N / T-1)), where i is a positive integer less than or equal to T.

[0067] Step 204: The first communications device determines a reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences.

[0068] In this embodiment, the column weight of the codeword subsequence is negatively correlated with the reliability of the codeword subsequence, that is, the greater the column weight of the codeword subsequence, the lower its reliability, and correspondingly, the smaller the column weight of the codeword subsequence, the higher its reliability. The reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences can reflect the reliability relationship among the T codeword sequences. For example, the reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences can be to sort the T codeword subsequences from high to low reliability, or to sort the T codeword subsequences from low to high reliability, etc.

[0069] Step 205: The first communication device maps the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity order among the T subchannel groups and the reliability order among the T codeword subsequences.

[0070] The channel capacity ranking among the T sub-channel groups can be used to reflect the size relationship of the channel capacities among the T sub-channel groups. For example, the channel capacity ranking among the T sub-channel groups can be performed by sorting the T sub-channel groups from largest to smallest according to channel capacity, or by sorting the T sub-channel groups from smallest to largest according to channel capacity. It should be noted that the channel capacity of a sub-channel group can refer to the channel capacity of the sub-channels within the sub-channel group.

[0071] In the above process, the bits of the T codeword subsequences are respectively mapped to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups based on the channel capacity ranking among the T subchannel groups and the reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences. For example, a codeword subsequence with a higher reliability may be mapped to a subchannel group with a larger channel capacity to ensure transmission reliability of the codeword subsequence with a higher reliability. For example, if the reliability ranking between two codeword subsequences is: π2>π1, and the channel capacity ranking of the two subchannel groups is: C1>C2, then the bits of codeword subsequence 2 can be mapped to the subchannel of subchannel group 1, and the bits of codeword subsequence 1 can be mapped to the subchannel of subchannel group 2; alternatively, the bits of the S codeword subsequences with the highest reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences can be mapped to the subchannels of the S subchannel groups with the largest channel capacity among the T subchannel groups. The mapping relationship between the above S codeword subsequences and the above S subchannel groups can be unrestricted. For example, the bits of the codeword subsequence with the highest reliability among the above S codeword subsequences can be mapped to the subchannel of the subchannel group whose channel capacity is not the largest among the above S subchannel groups, where S is a positive integer.

[0072] The encoding method provided in the embodiments of the present application further divides the codeword sequence into multiple codeword subsequences, determines the reliability ranking between the multiple codeword subsequences, and groups the subchannels corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol according to the channel capacity, and calculates the channel capacity ranking between the multiple subchannel groups. This allows the bits of the codeword subsequences to be mapped to the subchannels of the subchannel groups based on the reliability ranking between the multiple codeword subsequences and the channel capacity ranking between the multiple subchannel groups. In other words, the mapping of each bit of the codeword sequence to the subchannel is performed based on a combination of the reliability of each bit of the codeword sequence and the channel capacity of each subchannel. This facilitates mapping bits with high reliability to subchannels with high channel capacity, thereby improving the reliability of channel coding.

[0073] Optionally, the bits of the tth codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the tth subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, and t is a positive integer less than or equal to T.

[0074] Exemplarily, the bits of the first codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the first subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, the bits of the second codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the second subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, and so on.

[0075] In this embodiment, a codeword subsequence with a higher reliability is mapped to a subchannel group with a larger channel capacity, thereby ensuring the transmission reliability of the codeword subsequence with a higher reliability.

[0076] In some optional embodiments, the above steps 203 and 205 may be implemented by a pre-built interleaver.

[0077] Exemplarily, the input bit sequence of the constructed interleaver is π=(π1,π2,…,π N ), the interleaver performs serial-to-parallel conversion on the input bit sequence and obtains T sub-vectors (π1,…,π T )=(π1π 1+T …π1+T*(N / T-1),…,π T π 2T …π N ), where the i-th subvector π among the T subvectors i =(π i π i+T…πi+T*(N / T-1)), where i is a positive integer less than or equal to T. The interleaver sorts the T sub-vectors from small to large according to column weight, and obtains π1′<π′2<…<π′ T , the reliability of T sub-vectors is ranked as π1′>π′2>…>π′ T It can be understood that the above π1′ to π′ T π1 to π after sorting by column weight from small to large T The interleaver performs parallel-to-serial conversion on the sorted T sub-vectors, so that the highly reliable codeword bits are mapped to the high-capacity sub-channels, and the bit sequence output by the interleaver is obtained, that is, π″=(π″1,…,π″ T ), wherein the above π″1 to π″ T After performing parallel-to-serial conversion, π1′ to π′ T It is understandable that the T sub-channel groups can be sorted from large to small according to the channel capacity, and the codeword sequence of length N is input into the interleaver for interleaving, so as to achieve mapping of highly reliable codeword bits to high-capacity sub-channels.

[0078] Optionally, the first communication device separately determines the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits of the first modulation symbol, including:

[0079] The first communication device calculates a total channel capacity corresponding to the first modulation symbol according to a code rate of the codeword sequence and the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;

[0080] The first communication device determines the channel capacity of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits based on the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, wherein the sum of the channel capacities of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is equal to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol.

[0081] In this embodiment, the code rate of the codeword sequence can be determined based on the length of the information sequence and the length of the codeword sequence. For example, the code rate of the codeword sequence is equal to K / N, where K is the length of the information sequence and N is the length of the codeword sequence, that is, the code length of the polar encoder.

[0082] Exemplarily, the total channel capacity corresponding to the above-mentioned first modulation symbol can be: C=R×M, where C represents the total channel capacity corresponding to the first modulation symbol, R represents the code rate of the codeword sequence, and M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol.

[0083] When determining the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, the first communication device can determine the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to M bits based on the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol. For example, the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to M bits can be determined based on the mapping relationship between the constructed total channel capacity and the sub-channel capacity.

[0084] Optionally, the first communications device determines, according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, a channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits, including:

[0085] The first communication device determines, according to a total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol and a preset channel capacity mapping relationship, a channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits;

[0086] The channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol.

[0087] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol. Exemplarily, the above-mentioned channel capacity mapping relationship can be a channel capacity table, which can be shown in Table 1. When the total channel capacity is determined, the channel capacity of each sub-channel can be obtained. For example, for 16-QAM, when the calculated total channel capacity is 3 bits per second, the channel capacity of subchannel 1 and subchannel 3 is 0.841 bits per symbol (bit / symbol), and the channel capacity of subchannel 2 and subchannel 4 is 0.679 bit / symbol. It can be understood that since the data in the channel capacity table is discontinuous, when the total channel capacity is calculated, the channel capacity of each sub-channel can be queried based on the total channel capacity in the channel capacity table that is closest to the calculated total channel capacity. For example, when the calculated total channel capacity is 3 bits / symbol, the total channel capacity in the channel capacity table that is closest to this value is 3.041374 bits / symbol, then the channel capacity of each sub-channel can be queried based on 3.041374.

[0088] Table 1

[0089] For example, a Monte Carlo simulation can be used to draw a simulation curve of the total channel capacity and a simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity, for example, as shown in Figures 3a to 3c, wherein Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 16-QAM, Figure 3b is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 64-QAM, and Figure 3c is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the total channel capacity and the simulation curve of each sub-channel capacity when the modulation mode is 256-QAM. Optionally, it is assumed that the size of the modulation constellation point set X is |X|=2 M, Gray mapping is used in the BIPCM scheme, and f(·) represents the mapping rule. Then the first modulation symbol is expressed as Each first modulation symbol contains M bits, which are called constellation point labels. j (x) represents the jth bit of the first modulation symbol, where 1≤j≤M. The BIPCM channel can be regarded as consisting of M parallel equivalent sub-channels, b j (x) represents the input of each equivalent subchannel. Let represents the set of constellation points whose index is q at the jth position, that is:

[0090] Where q∈{0,1}. The capacity of the jth subchannel can be calculated as follows:

[0091] Among them, Y represents the channel output symbol set, P Y|X represents the channel transition probability, represents the total channel probability, used for normalization, represents the j-th transition probability. Specifically, during Monte Carlo simulation, the channel capacity of each subchannel can be calculated based on the above calculation formula, and then simulation curves of each subchannel capacity can be plotted. The total channel capacity is the sum of the channel capacities of the above subchannels. Once the simulation curves of the total channel capacity and each subchannel capacity are obtained, the channel capacity table can be generated based on the simulation curves of the total channel capacity and each subchannel capacity.

[0092] This embodiment determines the channel capacity of each sub-channel according to a preset channel capacity mapping relationship, which is not only more convenient to implement but also can ensure the accuracy of the obtained channel capacity of each sub-channel.

[0093] Optionally, before the first communication device divides the codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, the method further includes:

[0094] The first communication device calculates, based on a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits, a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar encoder;

[0095] The first communication device calculates the number of information bits corresponding to each component code according to the length and the corresponding code rate of each component code;

[0096] The first communication device determines, according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits, a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to each component code;

[0097] The first communications device determines, based on the frozen bit sets and information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes, a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder;

[0098] The first communication device performs polarization encoding according to the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder to obtain the codeword sequence.

[0099] In this embodiment, the code lengths of the T component codes may be the same, that is, the length or code length of each component code is N / T. For example, the first component code among the T component codes may correspond to bits 1 to N / T of the polar encoder, the second component code among the T component codes may correspond to bits N / T+1 to 2*N / T of the polar encoder, the i-th component code among the T component codes may correspond to bits (i-1)*N / T+1 to i*N / T of the polar encoder, and so on, where i is a positive integer less than or equal to T.

[0100] The number of information bits corresponding to each component code can be the integer of the product of the length of each component code and the code rate. It can be understood that the sum of the number of information bits corresponding to all code components is equal to the length of the information sequence.

[0101] During sequence construction, this embodiment allocates code rates according to component codes, constructs sequences for each component code, and determines the frozen bit set and information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder based on the frozen bit sets and information bit sets corresponding to all component codes, thereby implementing polar coding of the information sequence. This improves the flexibility of sequence construction while reducing its complexity.

[0102] Optionally, the first communications device calculates, based on a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits, a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar code, including:

[0103] The first communication device calculates the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the T component codes based on the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits;

[0104] The first communication device calculates a code rate corresponding to the first component code according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the first component code, wherein the first component code is any component code among the T component codes.

[0105] The following examples illustrate the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] If the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to M bits is Then, the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to the above M bits can be inversely interleaved, that is, the opposite channel transformation of steps 203 to 205 can be performed to obtain the channel capacity of the equivalent sub-channel corresponding to the output end side of the polar encoder. The superscript C represents the subchannel capacity number corresponding to the different bit layers, and the subscript represents the number of layers involved in the transformation. For example, if M is 4 and the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the four bits are (0.841, 0.679, 0.841, 0.679), then the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the four bits are inversely interleaved to obtain the equivalent subchannel capacities corresponding to the output of the polar encoder as (0.679, 0.841, 0.679, 0.841).

[0107] Furthermore, the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the T component codes can be calculated based on the channel capacity of the equivalent subchannel corresponding to the output side of the polar encoder. For example, the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to T component codes can be calculated using the following calculation formula:

[0108] Wherein, i is a positive integer.

[0109] After obtaining the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to T component codes In the case of , the code rate of the component code can be calculated based on the channel capacity of all sub-channels corresponding to each classification code. For example, the code rate of each component code can be calculated based on the following calculation formula:

[0110] This embodiment calculates the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to the T component codes based on the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to the M bits, and calculates the code rate corresponding to each component code based on the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to the component code. This ensures that the code rate of each component code can more accurately match the channel capacity of its corresponding sub-channel, thereby improving the reliability of the encoding.

[0111] Optionally, the first communication device determines, according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits, a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to each component code, including:

[0112] The first communication device determines, based on a length of the second component code, a constructed sequence corresponding to the second component code, wherein the constructed sequence corresponding to the second component code includes a sequence having a bit index less than L in a preset constructed sequence, where L is the length of the second component code, and the second component code is any component code among the T component codes;

[0113] The first communications device determines a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the second component code based on a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, wherein the information bit set corresponding to the second component code includes k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, a polarization weight corresponding to each bit index of the k bit indexes is greater than a polarization weight of a bit index other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and the frozen bit set corresponding to the second component code includes bit indexes other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, where k is the number of information bits corresponding to the second component code.

[0114] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned preset construction sequence includes bit index The corresponding polarization weight is The bit index can also be called a bit number, which is used to indicate the position of the bit. For example, the preset construction sequence can be as shown in Table 2 (the parameter A in Table 2 refers to the polarization weight Parameter B refers to the bit index ).

[0115] Table 2

[0116] It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, this embodiment is described below using the construction sequence shown in Table 2 as an example.

[0117] The construction sequences corresponding to the aforementioned component codes may be sequences with bit indices less than L in the aforementioned preset construction sequences. For example, taking the case where the number of component codes is 2 and the length of each component code is 512, sequences with bit indices from 0 to 511 can be obtained from the construction sequences shown in Table 2 as the construction sequences corresponding to the aforementioned two component codes. That is, the construction sequences corresponding to the aforementioned two component codes are identical, both being sequences with bit indices from 0 to 511 in the construction sequences shown in Table 2. When determining the construction sequences corresponding to the respective component codes, the frozen bit set and information bit set corresponding to the respective component codes can be determined based on the construction sequences corresponding to the respective component codes. The k bit indices with the largest polarization weights in the construction sequences corresponding to the respective component codes are determined as information bits, and the bit indices of the bits in the construction sequences corresponding to the respective component codes other than the aforementioned k bit indices are determined as frozen bits.

[0118] Optionally, the first communications device determines, based on the frozen bit sets and information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes, a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar code, including:

[0119] The first communications device determines, respectively, a first frozen bit set and a first information bit set corresponding to each component code of the T component codes, wherein the first frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code of the T component codes includes a bit index obtained by incrementing each bit index of the frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, and the first information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code includes a bit index obtained by incrementing each bit index of the information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, where L is a length of the i-th component code and i is an integer greater than or equal to 0;

[0120] The first communications device combines the first frozen bit sets corresponding to the T component codes to obtain a frozen bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder, and combines the first information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes to obtain an information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder.

[0121] In this embodiment, since each component code takes the sequence with the first L bits in the above-mentioned preset construction sequence as the corresponding construction sequence, it is necessary to adjust the indexes of the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to the component code, that is, increase the bit indexes of the frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, and increase the bit indexes of the information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L. For example, taking the number of component codes as 2 and the length of each component code as 512 as an example, for the 0th component code, the bit indexes of its corresponding frozen bit set and the bit indexes of its corresponding information bit set remain unchanged; for the 1st component code, the bit indexes of its corresponding frozen bit set and the bit indexes of its corresponding information bit set are both increased by 512.

[0122] After index adjustment is performed on the frozen bit sets and information bit sets corresponding to the component codes, the adjusted frozen bit sets for all component codes (i.e., the first frozen bit set) may be merged to obtain the frozen bit sets for all codewords (i.e., the frozen bit sets corresponding to the polar encoders). Furthermore, the adjusted information bit sets for all component codes (i.e., the first information bit set) may be merged to obtain the information bit sets for all codewords (i.e., the information bit sets corresponding to the polar encoders).

[0123] Optionally, the number of bits of the first modulation symbol is determined according to the modulation method adopted.

[0124] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0125] The first communication device sends a modulation symbol sequence and first information;

[0126] The modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating the mapped codeword sequence; the first information includes at least one of the following: a channel coding identifier, a code length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, the number of component codes, the code length of the component codes, the number of information bits of the component codes, the number of frozen bits of the component codes, the code rate of the component codes, the modulation order, and a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level; and the coding identifier is used to identify a coding mode corresponding to the information sequence.

[0127] In this embodiment, the modulation symbol sequence may be obtained by modulating the codeword sequence processed through steps 203 to 205. For example, the codeword sequence processed through steps 203 to 205 may be converted into the modulation symbol sequence through Gray mapping.

[0128] The channel coding identifier is used to identify the coding method corresponding to the information sequence. For example, the channel coding identifier may indicate that the coding method corresponding to the information sequence is the coding method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The coding length of the polarization encoder is N. The number of information bits corresponding to the polarization encoder is the length of the information sequence. The number of frozen bits corresponding to the polarization encoder may be, for example, the difference between the coding length of the polarization encoder and the number of information bits. The code rate of the polarization encoder is the code rate of the codeword sequence. The number of component codes is T. The coding length of the component code may also be referred to as the length of the component code, for example, N / T. The number of frozen bits of the component code may be, for example, the difference between the coding length of the component code and the number of information bits of the component code. The modulation order is the number of bits M of the first modulation symbol.

[0129] For example, referring to FIG4 , taking the modulation mode as 16-QAM and T as 2 as an example, the encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps: Perform polar coding and output a codeword sequence of length N Codeword sequence Perform a serial-to-parallel conversion to obtain two codeword subsequences, namely t1 and t2. Sort the two codeword subsequences in descending order of reliability, and perform a parallel-to-serial conversion on the sorted two codeword subsequences to obtain Will Through the signal mapper, the signal x is obtained.

[0130] The following examples illustrate the embodiments of the present application.

[0131] Step a1: For 16-QAM modulation, each modulation symbol contains 4 bits. When the code rate is 3, the channel capacity of the first and third subchannels is C 1,3 =0.841, the channel capacity of the 2nd and 4th subchannels is C 2,4 =0.679, divided into 2 groups.

[0132] Step a2: Perform 16-bit CRC encoding on the information sequence of length 768, and then perform polar encoding using a Polar encoder to obtain a codeword sequence with a code length of 1024, namely, the Polar code.

[0133] Determining the information bit set and frozen bit set corresponding to the polar encoder during the polar coding process may include the following steps:

[0134] Step a21: The channel capacity of the equivalent sub-channel corresponding to each modulation symbol is (0.841, 0.679, 0.841, 0.679). The equivalent sub-channel capacity is reverse interleaved π -1 , the channel capacity of the equivalent subchannel is obtained as (0.679, 0.841, 0.679, 0.841), as shown in Figure 5.

[0135] Step a22: Calculate the capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the component code using the following formula:

[0136] get As shown in Figure 5.

[0137] Step a23: Calculate the code rate of each component code based on the sub-channels contained in the component code. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0138] Step a24: According to R j Calculate the number of information bits corresponding to the component code as:

[0139] K1=0.2855×1024 / 2≈282

[0140] K2=0.4745×1024 / 2≈486

[0141] Step a25: For each component code, a sequence with an index smaller than the component code length 512 is selected from the preset construction sequence as the construction sequence corresponding to the component code, and the information bit set and frozen bit set corresponding to each component code are determined based on the construction sequence and the number of information bits corresponding to each component code.

[0142] Step a26: Index adjustment and merging are performed on the information bit sets and frozen bit sets corresponding to the component codes to obtain the information bit sets and frozen bit sets corresponding to all codewords, that is, the information bit sets and frozen bit sets corresponding to the polar encoder.

[0143] Step a3: interleave the codeword sequence of length N through an interleaver to obtain an interleaved codeword sequence.

[0144] The processing of the interleaver includes the following steps:

[0145] Step a31: The input bit sequence of the interleaver is π=(1,2,…,1024). Divide into 2 groups, and get 2 sub-vectors (π1, π2) = (1, 3, 5...1023, 2, 4, 6...1024);

[0146] Step a32: Sort each sub-vector by column weight from small to large, and obtain π1′<π′2. The reliability order of the two sub-vectors is π1′>π′2, where π1′=π2 and π′2=π1;

[0147] Step a33: Perform parallel-to-serial conversion on the two sorted sub-vectors so that the highly reliable codeword bits are mapped to the high-capacity sub-channels, thereby obtaining the bit sequence output by the interleaver, i.e., π″ ​​= (2, 1, 4, 3…1024, 1023).

[0148] Step a4: The interleaved codeword sequence is modulated to obtain a modulation symbol sequence and transmit it.

[0149] The following describes the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with simulation:

[0150] 1. Simulation conditions and contents:

[0151] Using Visual Studio 2019 and referring to the simulation parameters in Table 3, a comparative simulation was performed under the Windows 10 system. The simulation results are shown in Figure 6.

[0152] Table 3 Simulation parameters

[0153] 2. Analysis of simulation results:

[0154] Referring to Figure 6, the horizontal axis represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission channel, and the vertical axis represents the block error rate (BLER) of the transmission. The solid line represents the BLER curve of the coding method (also known as the optimized coding and modulation scheme) provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the dotted line represents the BLER curve of the 5G uplink CRC-assisted serial cancellation list (CRC-Aided Successive Cancellation List, CA-SCL) decoding method. According to Figure 6, under high code rate, under the same channel and modulation technology, at BLER=10 -5 In this case, the encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application has a gain of about 0.5dB compared to the 5G uplink CA-SCL decoding method.

[0155] In summary, the coding method provided in the embodiments of the present application can group bit subchannels according to the capacity of the BIPCM modulation system. Combined with an interleaver, the grouped, highly reliable codewords are transmitted on bit subchannels with large symbol-corresponding capacity, exacerbating the polarization effect and reducing both the bit error rate and bit error rate. During sequence construction, code rate allocation is performed by grouping, and sequence construction is performed on the component codes separately, retaining the linear computational complexity of offline construction while extending the maximum code length of 1024 to M*1024, achieving performance improvements without significantly increasing complexity.

[0156] Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a flowchart of a decoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be performed by the second communication device, as shown in FIG. 7 , including the following steps:

[0157] Step 701: A second communications device receives a modulation symbol sequence and first information, where the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence using a polarization encoder. The first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy (MCS) level. The coding identifier is used to identify a coding scheme corresponding to the information sequence.

[0158] The modulation symbol sequence and the first information in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the aforementioned encoding method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0159] Step 702: The second communication device decodes the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.

[0160] In this embodiment, the second communications device may decode the modulation symbol sequence based on the first information. For example, when the coding scheme corresponding to the coding identifier indication information sequence is the coding method shown in FIG. 2 , the second communications device may perform deinterleaving on the sequence obtained after demodulating the modulation symbol sequence (i.e., a processing procedure opposite to steps 203 to 205 ), determine an information bit set and a frozen bit set based on the code rate of the polar encoder, the code rates of each component code, the modulation order, etc., and decode the deinterleaved codeword sequence based on the determined information bit set and frozen bit set to obtain the information sequence.

[0161] It should be noted that the implementation of this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0162] It should be noted that the encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by an encoding device, or a control module in the encoding device for executing the encoding method. In the embodiment of the present application, the encoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the encoding method executed by the encoding device as an example.

[0163] Please refer to FIG8 , which is a structural diagram of an encoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG8 , the encoding device 800 includes:

[0164] A first determining module 801 is configured to determine the channel capacity of subchannels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;

[0165] a first grouping module 802 configured to group the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same;

[0166] A second grouping module 803 is configured to divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, where the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polar encoding an information sequence using a polar encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T;

[0167] A second determining module 804 is configured to determine a reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences;

[0168] The mapping module 805 is configured to map the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity order among the T subchannel groups and the reliability order among the T codeword subsequences.

[0169] Optionally, the bits of the tth codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the tth subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, and t is a positive integer less than or equal to T.

[0170] Optionally, the first determining module is specifically configured to:

[0171] Calculating a total channel capacity corresponding to the first modulation symbol according to a code rate of the codeword sequence and the number of bits of the first modulation symbol;

[0172] The channel capacity of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is determined according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, wherein the sum of the channel capacities of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is equal to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol.

[0173] Optionally, the first determining module is specifically configured to:

[0174] Determining the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol and a preset channel capacity mapping relationship;

[0175] The channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol.

[0176] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0177] a first calculation module, configured to calculate, before dividing the codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar encoder based on a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits;

[0178] A second calculation module is used to calculate the number of information bits corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding code rate;

[0179] a third determining module, configured to determine a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits;

[0180] a fourth determining module, configured to determine a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder based on the frozen bit sets and the information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes;

[0181] and an encoding module, configured to perform polar encoding according to a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder to obtain the codeword sequence.

[0182] Optionally, the first calculation module is specifically configured to:

[0183] Calculating the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the T component codes according to the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits;

[0184] A code rate corresponding to the first component code is calculated according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the first component code, wherein the first component code is any component code among the T component codes.

[0185] Optionally, the third determining module is specifically configured to:

[0186] determining a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code according to a length of the second component code, wherein the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code includes a sequence having a bit index less than L in a preset construction sequence, where L is the length of the second component code, and the second component code is any component code among the T component codes;

[0187] A frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the second component code are determined based on a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, wherein the information bit set corresponding to the second component code includes k bit indices in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, a polarization weight corresponding to each bit index of the k bit indices is greater than a polarization weight of a bit index other than the k bit indices in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and the frozen bit set corresponding to the second component code includes bit indices other than the k bit indices in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, where k is the number of information bits corresponding to the second component code.

[0188] Optionally, the fourth determining module is specifically configured to:

[0189] Determining a first frozen bit set and a first information bit set corresponding to each component code of the T component codes, respectively, wherein the first frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code of the T component codes includes a bit index obtained by incrementing each bit index of the frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, and the first information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code includes a bit index obtained by incrementing each bit index of the information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, where L is the length of the i-th component code, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 0;

[0190] The first frozen bit sets corresponding to the T component codes are combined to obtain a frozen bit set corresponding to the polar encoder, and the first information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes are combined to obtain an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder.

[0191] Optionally, the number of bits of the first modulation symbol is determined according to the modulation method adopted.

[0192] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0193] A sending module, configured to send a modulation symbol sequence and first information;

[0194] The modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating the mapped codeword sequence; the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, the number of component codes, the coding length of the component codes, the number of information bits of the component codes, the number of frozen bits of the component codes, the code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy (MCS) level; the coding identifier is used to identify a coding mode corresponding to the information sequence.

[0195] The encoding device in the embodiment of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or a network-side device, or can be a device other than a terminal or a network-side device. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminals 11 listed above, the network-side device can include but is not limited to the types of network-side devices 12 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0196] The encoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 2 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0197] Please refer to FIG9 , which is a structural diagram of a decoding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG9 , the decoding device 900 includes:

[0198] A receiving module 901 is configured to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, where the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence using a polarization encoder. The first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a code length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a code length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy (MCS) level. The coding identifier is used to identify a coding scheme corresponding to the information sequence.

[0199] The decoding module 902 is configured to decode the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.

[0200] The decoding device in the embodiment of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or a network-side device, or can be a device other than a terminal or a network-side device. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminals 11 listed above, the network-side device can include but is not limited to the types of network-side devices 12 listed above, and other devices can include servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0201] The decoding device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 7 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0202] Optionally, as shown in Figure 10, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 1000, including a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, wherein the memory 1002 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 1001. For example, when the communication device 1000 is a first communication device, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 1001 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1000 is a second communication device, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 1001 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned decoding method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0203] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communications device, including a processor and a communications interface, wherein the processor is configured to respectively determine the channel capacity of subchannels corresponding to M bits of a first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; divide the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups based on the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, where the channel capacity of the subchannels in the same subchannel group is the same; divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, where the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence through a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T; determine a reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences based on column weights of the T codeword subsequences; and map the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups based on the channel capacity ranking and the reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences. This communication device embodiment corresponds to the first communication device side method embodiment described above. Each implementation process and implementation method of the above method embodiment are applicable to this communication device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Specifically, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0204] The communication device 1100 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 1101, a network module 1102, an audio output unit 1103, an input unit 1104, a sensor 1105, a display unit 1106, a user input unit 1107, an interface unit 1108, a memory 1109 and at least some of the components of the processor 1110.

[0205] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the communication device 1100 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1110 via a power management system, thereby enabling the power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption. The communication device structure shown in FIG11 does not limit the communication device. The communication device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components or arrange the components differently, which will not be described in detail here.

[0206] It should be understood that in an embodiment of the present application, the input unit 1104 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 11041 and a microphone 11042, and the graphics processor 11041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 1106 may include a display panel 11061, and the display panel 11061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 1107 includes a touch panel 11071 and at least one of other input devices 11072. The touch panel 11071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 11071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 11072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be repeated here.

[0207] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the RF unit 1101 may transmit the data to the processor 1110 for processing. Furthermore, the RF unit 1101 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the RF unit 1101 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

[0208] The memory 1109 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1109 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, applications or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.). In addition, the memory 1109 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 1109 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0209] Processor 1110 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, processor 1110 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 1110.

[0210] The processor 1110 is configured to respectively determine the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to M bits of the first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; divide the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups based on the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, where the channel capacity of the subchannels in the same subchannel group is the same; divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, where the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence through a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T; determine a reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences based on the column weights of the T codeword subsequences; and map the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups based on the channel capacity ranking and the reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences.

[0211] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the aforementioned method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0212] The present application also provides a communication device including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy (MCS) level; the coding identifier is configured to identify the coding modulation scheme corresponding to the information sequence; and the processor is configured to decode the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence. This communication device embodiment corresponds to the second communication device side method embodiment described above, and each implementation process and implementation method of the above method embodiment are applicable to this communication device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0213] Specifically, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device. As shown in Figure 12, the communication device 1200 includes: an antenna 1201, a radio frequency device 1202, a baseband device 1203, a processor 1204, and a memory 1205. Antenna 1201 is connected to radio frequency device 1202. In the uplink direction, radio frequency device 1202 receives information via antenna 1201 and sends the received information to baseband device 1203 for processing. In the downlink direction, baseband device 1203 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to radio frequency device 1202. Radio frequency device 1202 processes the received information and then sends it through antenna 1201.

[0214] The method executed by the communication device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 1203 , which includes a baseband processor.

[0215] The baseband device 1203 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 12, one of which is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1205 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 1205 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0216] The communication device may further include a network interface 1206 , which may be, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0217] Specifically, the communication device 1200 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1205 and executable on the processor 1204. The processor 1204 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1205 to execute the method of execution of each module shown in Figure 9 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0218] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0219] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0220] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0221] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0222] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned encoding method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0223] An embodiment of the present application also provides a coding and decoding system, including: a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is used to execute the various processes as shown in Figure 2 and the various method embodiments described above, and the second communication device is used to execute the various processes as shown in Figure 7 and the various method embodiments described above, and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be repeated here.

[0224] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0225] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0226] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of implementation methods without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims. These implementation methods are all within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A coding method, comprising: The first communication device determines the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits of the first modulation symbol respectively, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; The first communication device divides the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same; The first communication device divides a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T; The first communication device determines the reliability ranking between the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences; The first communication device maps the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity ranking among the T subchannel groups and the reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The bits of the tth codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the tth subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, where t is a positive integer less than or equal to T.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The first communication device determines the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits of the first modulation symbol respectively, including: The first communication device calculates the total channel capacity corresponding to the first modulation symbol according to the code rate of the codeword sequence and the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; The first communication device determines the channel capacity of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits based on the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, wherein the sum of the channel capacities of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is equal to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The first communication device determines the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, including: The first communication device determines the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol and a preset channel capacity mapping relationship; The channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: Before the first communication device divides the codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, the method further includes: The first communication device calculates, according to the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits, a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar encoder; The first communication device calculates the number of information bits corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding code rate; The first communication device determines a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits; The first communications device determines, according to the frozen bit sets and information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes, a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder; The first communication device performs polarization encoding according to the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder to obtain the codeword sequence.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: The first communication device calculates a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar code according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits, including: The first communication device calculates the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the T component codes according to the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits; The first communication device calculates a code rate corresponding to the first component code according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the first component code, wherein the first component code is any component code among the T component codes.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: The first communication device determines a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits, including: The first communication device determines, according to the length of the second component code, a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, wherein the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code includes a sequence whose bit index is less than L in a preset construction sequence, L is the length of the second component code, and the second component code is any component code among the T component codes; The first communication device determines a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the second component code according to a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, wherein the information bit set corresponding to the second component code includes k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, a polarization weight corresponding to each bit index of the k bit indexes is greater than a polarization weight of a bit index other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and the frozen bit set corresponding to the second component code includes bit indexes other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and k is the number of information bits corresponding to the second component code.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein: The first communications device determines the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to the polarization code according to the frozen bit sets and the information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes, including: The first communication device determines a first frozen bit set and a first information bit set corresponding to each component code of the T component codes, respectively, wherein the first frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code of the T component codes includes a bit index obtained by increasing each bit index of the frozen bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, and the first information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code includes a bit index obtained by increasing each bit index of the information bit set corresponding to the i-th component code by i*L, where L is the length of the i-th component code, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 0; The first communication device combines the first frozen bit sets corresponding to the T component codes to obtain the frozen bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder, and combines the first information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes to obtain the polarization encoder. The set of information bits corresponding to the encoder.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The method further comprises: The first communication device sends a modulation symbol sequence and first information; The modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating the mapped codeword sequence; the first information includes at least one of the following: a channel coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits corresponding to the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy MCS level; the coding identifier is used to identify a coding mode corresponding to the information sequence.

10. A decoding method, comprising: The second communication device receives a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy MCS level; the coding identifier is used to identify a coding modulation mode corresponding to the information sequence; The second communication device decodes the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.

11. An encoding device, comprising: A first determination module, configured to respectively determine the channel capacity of the subchannels corresponding to M bits of the first modulation symbol, where M is the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; A first grouping module, configured to divide the subchannels corresponding to the M bits into T subchannel groups according to the channel capacities of the subchannels corresponding to the M bits, wherein the channel capacities of the subchannels in the same subchannel group are the same; a second grouping module, configured to divide a codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences, wherein the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to T; A second determining module, configured to determine a reliability ranking among the T codeword subsequences according to the column weights of the T codeword subsequences; A mapping module is used to map the bits of the T codeword subsequences to the subchannels of the T subchannel groups respectively according to the channel capacity order between the T subchannel groups and the reliability order between the T codeword subsequences.

12. The device according to claim 11, wherein The bits of the tth codeword subsequence after the T codeword subsequences are sorted from high to low according to reliability are mapped to the subchannel of the tth subchannel group after the T subchannel groups are sorted from large to small according to channel capacity, where t is a positive integer less than or equal to T.

13. The device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein: The first determining module is specifically used for: Calculating a total channel capacity corresponding to the first modulation symbol according to a code rate of the codeword sequence and the number of bits of the first modulation symbol; The channel capacity of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is determined according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol, wherein the sum of the channel capacities of the sub-channels corresponding to the M bits is equal to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein: The first determining module is specifically used for: Determine the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits according to the total channel capacity of the first modulation symbol and a preset channel capacity mapping relationship; The channel capacity mapping relationship is a mapping relationship between the total channel capacity of the modulation symbol and the channel capacity of the sub-channel corresponding to each bit of the modulation symbol.

15. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein: The device also includes: a first calculation module, configured to calculate a code rate corresponding to each of the T component codes of the polar encoder according to a channel capacity of a subchannel corresponding to the M bits before dividing the codeword sequence of length N into T groups to obtain T codeword subsequences; A second calculation module, used to calculate the number of information bits corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding code rate; A third determination module is used to determine the frozen bit set and the information bit set corresponding to each component code according to the length of each component code and the corresponding number of information bits; a fourth determining module, configured to determine a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polar encoder according to the frozen bit sets and the information bit sets corresponding to the T component codes; The encoding module is configured to perform polarization encoding according to a frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the polarization encoder to obtain the codeword sequence.

16. The device according to claim 15, wherein: The first calculation module is specifically used for: Calculating the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the T component codes according to the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the M bits; The code rate corresponding to the first component code is calculated according to the channel capacity of the subchannel corresponding to the first component code, wherein the first component code is any component code among the T component codes.

17. The device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein: The third determination module is specifically used for: Determining a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code according to the length of the second component code, wherein the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code includes a sequence whose bit index is less than L in a preset construction sequence, L is the length of the second component code, and the second component code is any component code among the T component codes; A frozen bit set and an information bit set corresponding to the second component code are determined according to a construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, wherein the information bit set corresponding to the second component code includes k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, a polarization weight corresponding to each bit index of the k bit indexes is greater than a polarization weight of a bit index other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and the frozen bit set corresponding to the second component code includes bit indexes other than the k bit indexes in the construction sequence corresponding to the second component code, and k is the number of information bits corresponding to the second component code.

18. A decoding device, comprising: a receiving module, configured to receive a modulation symbol sequence and first information, wherein the modulation symbol sequence is obtained by modulating a mapped codeword sequence, and the codeword sequence is a bit sequence obtained by polarization encoding an information sequence by a polarization encoder; the first information includes at least one of the following: a coding identifier, a coding length of the polarization encoder, a number of information bits of the polarization encoder, a number of frozen bits of the polarization encoder, a code rate of the polarization encoder, a number of component codes, a coding length of the component codes, a number of information bits of the component codes, a number of frozen bits of the component codes, a code rate of the component codes, a modulation order, and a modulation and coding strategy MCS level; the coding identifier is used to identify a coding mode corresponding to the information sequence; A decoding module is used to decode the modulation symbol sequence according to the first information to obtain the information sequence.

19. A communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the encoding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 are implemented, or the steps of the decoding method as described in claim 10 are implemented.

20. A readable storage medium storing a program or instruction, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the encoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or implements the steps of the decoding method according to claim 10.

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