Two-stage message monitoring
The two-stage search space mechanism addresses the resource-intensive issue of monitoring messaging in wireless networks by activating the second search space only when messaging is detected in the first search space, resulting in reduced overhead and power consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/107650
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-23
AI Technical Summary
Monitoring messaging in wireless networks is resource-intensive due to the application of search spaces, which consumes significant resources and increases power consumption.
A two-stage search space mechanism is introduced, where the first search space detects messaging between a controller and a sensor, and the second search space is activated only when messaging is detected in the first search space, allowing for efficient monitoring of control information.
This approach reduces monitoring overhead and power consumption by activating the second search space only when necessary, thereby enhancing the efficiency of messaging monitoring in wireless networks.
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Figure CN2023107650_23012025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TWO-STAGE MESSAGE MONITORINGTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Various example embodiments relate generally to efficiently monitor-ing messaging in wireless network.BACKGROUND
[0002] It is sometimes needed to monitor messaging in a wireless network. A search space may be employed for this purpose. However, application of a search space is resource consuming effort. Therefore, optimizations are needed.
[0003] BRIEF DESCRIPTION
[0004] According to some aspects, there is provided the subject matter of the independent claims. Some further aspects are defined in the dependent claims. The embodiments that do not fall under the scope of the claims are to be interpreted as examples useful for understanding the disclosure.
[0005] LIST OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] In the following, the invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in which
[0007] Figure 1 presents a network to which one or more embodiments are applicable;
[0008] Figure 2 shows an example of control system, according to an embodi-ment;
[0009] Figure 3 illustrates a method performed by an actuator, according to an embodiment;
[0010] Figure 4 show how the search spaces may be activated and deactivated, according to some embodiments;
[0011] Figure 5 illustrates a method performed by a controller, according to an embodiment;
[0012] Figure 6 illustrates a signaling flow diagram, according to an embodi-ment; and
[0013] Figures 7 and 8 illustrate apparatuses, according to some embodiments.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0014] The following embodiments are exemplary. Although the specification may refer to “an” , “one” , or “some” embodiment (s) in several locations of the text, this does not necessarily mean that each reference is made to the same embodi-ment (s) , or that a particular feature only applies to a single embodiment. Single features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embod-iments. For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrases “at least one of A or B” , “at least one of A and B” , “A and / or B” means (A) , (B) , or (A and B) . For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrases “A or B” and “A and / or B” means (A) , (B) , or (A and B) . For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrase “A, B, and / or C” means (A) , (B) , (C) , (A and B) , (A and C) , (B and C) , or (A, B, and C) .
[0015] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments.
[0016] Embodiments described may be implemented in a radio system, such as one comprising at least one of the following radio access technologies (RATs) : Worldwide Interoperability for Micro-wave Access (WiMAX) , Global System for Mobile communications (GSM, 2G) , GSM EDGE radio access Network (GERAN) , General Packet Radio Service (GRPS) , Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS, 3G) based on basic wideband-code division multiple access (W-CDMA) , high-speed packet access (HSPA) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, and enhanced LTE (eLTE) . Term ‘eLTE’ here denotes the LTE evolution that connects to a 5G core. LTE is also known as evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access (EUTRA) or as evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) . A term “resource” may refer to radio resources, such as a physical resource block (PRB) , a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a subband, a frequency region, a sub-carrier, a beam, etc. The term “transmission” and / or “reception” may refer to wirelessly transmit-ting and / or receiving via a wireless propagation channel on radio resources
[0017] The embodiments are not, however, restricted to the systems / RATs given as an example but a person skilled in the art may apply the solution to other communication systems / networks provided with necessary properties. Some ex-amples of a suitable communication networks include a 5G network and / or a 6G network. The 3GPP solution to 5G is referred to as New Radio (NR) . 6G is envisaged to be a further development of 5G. NR has been envisaged to use multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) multi-antenna transmission techniques, more base sta-tions or nodes than the current network deployments of LTE (a so-called small cell concept) , including macro sites operating in co-operation with smaller local area access nodes and perhaps also employing a variety of radio technologies for better coverage and enhanced data rates. 5G will likely be comprised of more than one radio access technology / radio access network (RAT / RAN) , each optimized for certain use cases and / or spectrum. 5G mobile communications may have a wider range of use cases and related applications including video streaming, augmented reality, different ways of data sharing and various forms of machine type applica-tions, including vehicular safety, different sensors and real-time control. 5G is ex-pected to have multiple radio interfaces, namely below 6GHz, cmWave and mmWave, and being integrable with existing legacy radio access technologies, such as the LTE.
[0018] The current architecture in LTE networks is distributed in the radio and centralized in the core network. The low latency applications and services in 5G may require bringing the content close to the radio which leads to local break out and multi-access edge computing (MEC) . 5G enables analytics and knowledge gen-eration to occur at the source of the data. This approach requires leveraging re-sources that may not be continuously connected to a network such as laptops, smartphones, tablets and sensors. MEC provides a distributed computing environ-ment for application and service hosting. It also has the ability to store and process content in close proximity to cellular subscribers for faster response time. Edge computing covers a wide range of technologies such as wireless sensor networks, mobile data acquisition, mobile signature analysis, cooperative distributed peer-to-peer ad hoc networking and processing also classifiable as local cloud / fog com-puting and grid / mesh computing, dew computing, mobile edge computing, cloud-let, distributed data storage and retrieval, autonomic self-healing networks, remote cloud services, augmented and virtual reality, data caching, Internet of Things (massive connectivity and / or latency critical) , critical communications (autono-mous vehicles, traffic safety, real-time analytics, time-critical control, healthcare applications) . Edge cloud may be brought into RAN by utilizing network function virtualization (NVF) and software defined networking (SDN) . Using edge cloud may mean access node operations to be carried out, at least partly, in a server, host or node operationally coupled to a remote radio head or base station comprising radio parts. Network slicing allows multiple virtual networks to be created on top of a common shared physical infrastructure. The virtual networks are then custom-ised to meet the specific needs of applications, services, devices, customers or op-erators.
[0019] In radio communications, node operations may in be carried out, at least partly, in a central / centralized unit, CU, (e.g. server, host or node) operationally coupled to distributed unit, DU, (e.g. a radio head / node) . It is also possible that node operations will be distributed among a plurality of servers, nodes or hosts. It should also be understood that the distribution of work between core network op-erations and base station operations may vary depending on implementation. Thus, 5G networks architecture may be based on a so-called CU-DU split. One gNB-CU controls several gNB-DUs. The term ‘gNB’ may correspond in 5G to the eNB in LTE. The gNBs (one or more) may communicate with one or more UEs. The gNB-CU (central node) may control a plurality of spatially separated gNB-DUs, acting at least as transmit / receive (Tx / Rx) nodes. In some embodiments, however, the gNB-DUs (also called DU) may comprise e.g. a radio link control (RLC) , medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical (PHY) layer, whereas the gNB-CU (also called a CU) may comprise the layers above RLC layer, such as a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) and an internet protocol (IP) layers. Other functional splits are possible too. It is considered that skilled person is familiar with the OSI model and the functionalities within each layer.
[0020] In an embodiment, the server or CU may generate a virtual network through which the server communicates with the radio node. In general, virtual networking may involve a process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functionality into a single, software-based administrative entity, a virtual network. Such virtual network may provide flexible distribution of operations between the server and the radio head / node. In practice, any digital signal processing task may be performed in either the CU or the DU and the bound-ary where the responsibility is shifted between the CU and the DU may be selected according to implementation.
[0021] Some other possible technology advancements to be used are Software-Defined Networking (SDN) , Big Data, and all-IP, to mention only a few non-limiting examples. For example, network slicing may be a form of virtual network architec-ture using the same principles behind software defined networking (SDN) and net-work functions virtualisation (NFV) in fixed networks. SDN and NFV may deliver greater network flexibility by allowing traditional network architectures to be par-titioned into virtual elements that can be linked (also through software) . Network slicing allows multiple virtual networks to be created on top of a common shared physical infrastructure. The virtual networks are then customised to meet the spe-cific needs of applications, services, devices, customers or operators.
[0022] The plurality of gNBs (access points / nodes) , each comprising the CU and one or more DUs, may be connected to each other via the Xn interface over which the gNBs may negotiate. The gNBs may also be connected over next genera-tion (NG) interfaces to a 5G core network (5GC) , which may be a 5G equivalent for the core network of LTE. Such 5G CU-DU split architecture may be implemented using cloud / server so that the CU having higher layers locates in the cloud and the DU is closer to or comprises actual radio and antenna unit. There are similar plans ongoing for LTE / LTE-A / eLTE as well. When both eLTE and 5G will use similar ar-chitecture in a same cloud hardware (HW) , the next step may be to combine soft-ware (SW) so that one common SW controls both radio access networks / technol-ogies (RAN / RAT) . This may allow then new ways to control radio resources of both RANs. Furthermore, it may be possible to have configurations where the full pro-tocol stack is controlled by the same HW and handled by the same radio unit as the CU.
[0023] It should also be understood that the distribution of labour between core network operations and base station operations may differ from that of the LTE or even be non-existent. Some other technology advancements probably to be used are Big Data and all-IP, which may change the way networks are being con-structed and managed. 5G (or new radio, NR) networks are being designed to sup-port multiple hierarchies, where MEC servers can be placed between the core and the base station or nodeB (gNB) . It should be appreciated that MEC can be applied in 4G networks as well.
[0024] 5G may also utilize satellite communication to enhance or complement the coverage of 5G service, for example by providing backhauling. Possible use cases are providing service continuity for machine-to-machine (M2M) or Internet of Things (IoT) devices or for passengers on board of vehicles, or ensuring service availability for critical communications, and future rail-way / maritime / aeronauti-cal communications. Satellite communication may utilize geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite systems, but also low earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems, in partic-ular mega-constellations (systems in which hundreds of (nano) satellites are de-ployed) . Each satellite in the mega-constellation may cover several satellite-ena-bled network entities that create on-ground cells. The on-ground cells may be cre-ated through an on-ground relay node or by a gNB located on-ground or in a satel-lite.
[0025] The embodiments may be also applicable to narrow-band (NB) Inter-net-of-things (IoT) systems which may enable a wide range of devices and services to be connected using cellular telecommunications bands. NB-IoT is a narrowband radio technology designed for the Internet of Things (IoT) and is one of technolo-gies standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . Other 3GPP IoT technologies also suitable to implement the embodiments include machine type communication (MTC) and eMTC (enhanced Machine-Type Communication) . NB-IoT focuses specifically on low cost, long battery life, and enabling a large num-ber of connected devices. The NB-IoT technology is deployed “in-band” in spectrum allocated to Long Term Evolution (LTE) -using resource blocks within a normal LTE carrier, or in the unused resource blocks within a LTE carrier’s guard-band -or “standalone” for deployments in dedicated spectrum.
[0026] The embodiments may be also applicable to device-to-device (D2D) , machine-to-machine, peer-to-peer (P2P) communications. The embodiments may be also applicable to vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) , vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) , in-frastructure-to-vehicle (I2V) , or in general to V2X or X2V communications.
[0027] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a communication system to which em-bodiments of the invention may be applied. The system may comprise a control node 110 providing one or more cells, such as cell 100, and a control node 112 providing one or more other cells, such as cell 102. Each cell may be, e.g., a macro cell, a micro cell, femto, or a pico cell, for example. In another point of view, the cell may define a coverage area or a service area of the corresponding access node. The control node 110, 112 may be an evolved Node B (eNB) as in the LTE and LTE-A, ng-eNB as in eLTE, gNB of 5G, or any other apparatus capable of controlling radio communication and managing radio resources within a cell. The control node 110, 112 may be called a base station, network node, or an access node.
[0028] The system may be a cellular communication system composed of a ra-dio access network of access nodes, each controlling a respective cell or cells. The access node 110 may provide user equipment (UE) 120 (one or more UEs) with wireless access to other networks such as the Internet. The wireless access may comprise downlink (DL) communication from the control node to the UE 120 and uplink (UL) communication from the UE 120 to the control node.
[0029] Additionally, although not shown, one or more local area access nodes may be arranged such that a cell provided by the local area access node at least partially overlaps the cell of the access node 110 and / or 112. The local area access node may provide wireless access within a sub-cell. Examples of the sub-cell may include a micro, pico and / or femto cell. Typically, the sub-cell provides a hot spot within a macro cell. The operation of the local area access node may be controlled by an access node under whose control area the sub-cell is provided. In general, the control node for the small cell may be likewise called a base station, network node, or an access node.
[0030] There may be a plurality of UEs 120, 122 in the system. Each of them may be served by the same or by different control nodes 110, 112. The UEs 120, 122 may communicate with each other, in case D2D communication interface is established between them.
[0031] The term “terminal device” or “UE” refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example rather than limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , or an Access Terminal (AT) . The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wire-less local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assis-tant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback ap-pliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an In-ternet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a con-sumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms “terminal device” , “communication device” , “terminal” , “user equipment” and “UE” may be used interchangeably.
[0032] In the case of multiple access nodes in the communication network, the access nodes may be connected to each other with an interface. LTE specifications call such an interface as X2 interface. For IEEE 802.11 network (i.e. wireless local area network, WLAN, WiFi) , a similar interface may be provided between access points. An interface between an LTE access point and a 5G access point, or between two 5G access points may be called Xn. Other communication methods between the access nodes may also be possible. The access nodes 110 and 112 may be further connected via another interface to a core network 116 of the cellular communica-tion system. The LTE specifications specify the core network as an evolved packet core (EPC) , and the core network may comprise a mobility management entity (MME) and a gateway node. The MME may handle mobility of terminal devices in a tracking area encompassing a plurality of cells and handle signalling connections between the terminal devices and the core network. The gateway node may handle data routing in the core network and to / from the terminal devices. The 5G specifi-cations specify the core network as a 5G core (5GC) , and there the core network may comprise e.g. an access and mobility management function (AMF) and a user plane function / gateway (UPF) , to mention only a few. The AMF may handle termi-nation of non-access stratum (NAS) signalling, NAS ciphering &integrity protec-tion, registration management, connection management, mobility management, access authentication and authorization, security context management. The UPF node may support packet routing &forwarding, packet inspection and QoS han-dling, for example.
[0033] In 5G and beyond mobile networks, different traffic types need to be handled. Besides the enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) traffic, which poses high requirements in terms of data rate and was a driver for mobile networks up to LTE, there are several use cases like factory automation or V2X communications char-acterized by a traffic with more strict requirements in terms of latency and relia-bility. In such scenarios, the term ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) has been introduced for the UEs that generate traffic with strict to ex-treme requirements in terms of latency and reliability. For example, 3GPP has spec-ified several RAN features that allow meeting 1 ms latency and 99.999%commu-nications service availability requirements, including:
[0034] - Flexible frame structure with large SCS;
[0035] - Mini-slot;
[0036] - UL configured grant (CG) ;
[0037] - DL semi persistent scheduling (SPS) ;
[0038] - DL pre-emptive scheduling;
[0039] - Survival-time optimized scheduling;
[0040] - PDCP packet duplication;
[0041] - CQI / MCS tables for URLLC.
[0042] Cyber-physical applications identified by 3GPP requiring stringent la-tency and reliability requirements include control loops / systems, such as motion detection systems, abnormal situation detection systems, etc. In a basic control sys-tem, there is a sensor (that monitors the system status) , a controller (that receives the report information from the sensor, analyses it and generates a corresponding command) , and an actuator (that follows the command from the controller and op-erates the mechanism) , as illustrated in Figure 2.
[0043] Controller 210 of Figure 2 may be considered as a network node, such as access point 110. Sensor 220 may be considered as one user equipment (e.g. UE 110) , while the actuator 222 may be considered as another user equipment (e.g. UE 122) . However, in some other scenarios, the sensor and the actuator are inside a same device.
[0044] In such systems of Figure 2, the communication traffic includes at least sensor reports (from sensor to controller) and execution commands (from control-ler to actuator) . It is worth mentioning that these two types of communication traf-fic are “associated” , i.e., the execution command is generated based on sensor re-port (s) . In fact, after receiving reported information from the sensor, the controller typically takes time to process the received information and generates correspond-ing control command to instruct the actuator on how to react. Hence, the genera-tion of the 2nd traffic (execution command) is based on the content or existence of the 1st traffic (sensor report) .
[0045] There is expectance of even more stringent latency and reliability re-quirements, for example in the context of short-range in-X sub-networks, that are installed in specific entities like vehicles, robots, production modules, to provide life-critical data service with high requirements in terms of latency (down to 100 us) and reliability.
[0046] Typically, in wireless networks, a search space refers to an area in the time / frequency resource grid where certain information, such as control infor-mation on a PDCCH, may be transmitted. UE may perform blind decoding through-out these search space areas (s) trying to find PDCCH data (e.g. DCI) intended for the UE. For example, in 3GPP an information element ‘SearchSpace’ defines how / where to search for PDCCH candidates. Such configuration may include at least one of the following: monitoring periodicity and offset, monitoring duration, configured aggregation level, or search space type (e.g. common search space, CSS, or UE-specific search space) .
[0047] In industrial use case, some application traffic is periodically generated. For example, a sensor may periodically perform monitoring tasks and generate measurement outcome. To meet low transmission latency requirement, pre-sched-uling is introduced not only for DL but also for UL, e.g. with UL configured grant. With this feature, periodically recurring UL resources can be preassigned for a de-vice.
[0048] However, periodic transmission is not always the case in control sys-tems. For example, as described above, the traffic generation of execution com-mand depends on received sensor report and controller’s implementation. For ex-ample, if the sensor’s report shows that nothing abnormal has happened, the con-troller may not generate any command as it is not required. More specifically, the data processing may bring uncertainty of the traffic generation in controller. Hence, the communication system may see this is an aperiodic traffic pattern, although it is essentially a periodic traffic but may or may not happen in each individual occa-sion.
[0049] Further, there may be event-based UL traffic with sensors reporting some information to the controller only under certain conditions, for example with large variation of a measured parameter over a short time. In such a case, the tim-ing of the sensor transmission is not periodic.
[0050] As yet one example, in unlicensed band, a coexistence mechanism (e.g., listen before talk (LBT) ) is normally required. Such LBT operation may lead to transmission timing uncertainty.
[0051] To cope with such aperiodic transmission (s) , a dynamic scheduling is normally used in legacy cellular system. However, dynamic scheduling leads to high monitoring overhead to find dynamic control information. Consequently, the device power consumption may greatly increase.
[0052] Hence, it is better to think about other methods to reduce monitoring overhead. There is proposed a solution for leveraging UL and DL association in a control system described above in connection of Figure 2. However, the embodi-ments are applicable to other types of scenarios where messaging between a sec-ond and a third device affects messaging need between the second and a first de-vice. In general, there is proposed a two-stage (or multiple-stage) search space mechanism to enable fast and low-cost control information receiving for URLLC. The embodiments utilize the characteristic of traffic association among multi-type traffic, and it is assumed that RAN knows there are associated / paired traffic.
[0053] Figure 3 depicts an example method. The method may be computer-im-plemented. The method may be performed by a first device / apparatus. The first device may be a user equipment, such as the UE 122 of Figure 1 or the actuator 222 of Figure 2, for example. It is noted that the embodiments are applicable to any communication scenario utilizing traffic association, and the devices / apparatuses may be any communication capable devices / apparatuses, such as UEs 120, 122 and the network node 110 of Figure 1. For the sake of simplicity of the description, let us consider in the following the scenario of Figure 2 with the sensor 220, actuator 222 and controller 210.
[0054] As shown in step 300 of Figure 3, the actuator 222 in step acquires a configuration of a first search space, wherein the first search space is for detecting messaging between a second and a third apparatus, which in this example are the controller 210 and the sensor 220, respectively. The search space may be also called a monitoring space, for example. Thus, the actuator 222 detects on the first search space (or based on the first search space) if at least one message is trans-mitted from the sensor to the controller, or vice versa. The first message may be control information from the controller 210 to the sensor 220 scheduling a data message (called 1st transmission, such as a sensor report) from the sensor 220 to the controller 210, or the at least one message may be the 1st transmission.
[0055] The actuator 222 may further in step 302 of Figure 3 acquire a configu-ration of a second search space, wherein the second search space is for detecting messaging between the second and the first apparatus, which in this example are the controller 210 and the actuator 222, respectively. The search space may be also called a monitoring space, for example. Thus, the actuator 222 detects on the sec-ond search space (or based on the second search space) , if at least one message is transmitted from the controller to the actuator 222. The message may be e.g. con-trol information (DCI) for a data message (called 2nd transmission) from the con-troller to the actuator 222. The 2nd transmission may be transmitted only when the sensor report (1st transmission) from the sensor 220 to the controller 210 so re-quires (e.g. abnormal situation is detected by the sensor, such as fire, unwanted motion, water level too high, etc. ) .
[0056] The configuration of the first search space and / or the second search space may be preconfigured to the actuator 222 or it may be received from the controller 210, for example. The controller 210 may know the first search space and the second search space because the controller 210 is managing communica-tions in the scenario of Figure 2, e.g. the controller may transmit uplink grant (s) to the sensor 220 and schedules downlink grants for the actuator 222.
[0057] The configuration of the first search space may be a separate message from the controller 210 than the configuration of the second search space. Alterna-tively, the configurations of both search spaces may be provided in one configura-tion message. The configuration message (s) may be RRC message (s) , for example.
[0058] The configurations of the first search space and / or the second search space may comprise at least one of the following: frequency and / or time domain resources which need to be monitored, monitoring periodicity and offset, monitor-ing duration, configured aggregation level, or search space type.
[0059] The configurations may also inform the type of messages to be moni-tored for. These may comprise e.g. only control messages, only data messages, or both. The control messages may be e.g. DCI scheduling from the controller to the sensor. The data message may be sensor report from the sensor to the controller. When the respective search space is intended for detecting data messaging, the def-inition of such search space may thus differ from search space definition of the 3GPP intended for PDCCH monitoring. However, the term “search space” or “moni-toring space” is to be considered broader to comprise detecting of predetermined type of messaging on the search space, wherein the predetermined type of messag-ing may be data or control messaging or both data and control messaging, or cer-tain specific type of control messaging, such as downlink control information, or certain messaging comprising a predetermined sequence, such as specific refer-ence signal sequence.
[0060] In step 304 of Figure 3, the actuator 222 activates the first search space to monitor messaging based on the configuration of the first search space. Termi-nology “monitoring based on the search space” , “monitoring on the search space” or “monitoring based on the configuration of the search space” may be used inter-changeably in the application.
[0061] Activating the first search space means that the actuator 222 starts to monitor messaging on the previously configured search space. This may require switching on the receiver of the actuator 222 to detect messaging that takes place on the first search space, and optionally decoding any detected messages to deter-mine the type of the message. However, it is noted that in some embodiment the configuration of the first search space and activation of the first search space is performed at the same time.
[0062] Thereafter, based on the actuator 222 detecting messaging on the first search space (i.e. any messaging or, depending on the embodiment, the predeter-mined type of messaging between the sensor 220 and the controller 210) , the ac-tuator 222 in step 306 activates the second search space and monitors messaging based on the second search space. Based on the actuator 222 detecting that mes-saging does not take place on the first search space (i.e. no messaging or no prede-termined type of messaging between the sensor 220 and the controller 210) , the actuator 222 in step 308 refrains from activating the second search space. Keeping the second search space inactive when no messaging from the controller 210 is ex-pected may save power and resources of the actuator 222. This is because, as ex-plained above, the messaging on the second search space (e.g. an execution com-mand) may be dependent on the messaging on the first search space (e.g. the sen-sor 220 first sending a sensor report indicating abnormal condition) , and if nothing is detected on the first search space, there is no reason to expect the controller 210 to send anything to the actuator 222 either. In other words, the two search spaces are associated search spaces where the second search space is activated on-de-mand on the basis of detecting messaging on the first search space.
[0063] Figure 4 shows an embodiment regarding how the second search space may be activated and monitored based on detecting a message on the first search space. The X-axis represents time, while the vertical dimension may be considered to a frequency range. It is noted that location of the search spaces in the time and frequency domain is merely a non-limiting example. For example, the frequency domain locations of the search space need not start at the same frequency, although so depicted in the figure. The second search space is depicted with two dashed (=in-active) or diagonal lines (=active) blocks. This represents e.g. the periodicity of the 2nd search space being more frequent than that of the first search space. Again, two blocks for the 2nd search space is merely a non-limiting example.
[0064] The set of leftmost blocks of 1st and 2nd search spaces represents a situ-ation where no messaging (or no predetermined messaging) is detected on the 1st search space. Therefore, the 2nd search space is kept inactive and is not monitored by the actuator 222. This saves power of the actuator 222.
[0065] The middle set of blocks of 1st and 2nd search spaces represents a situa-tion where messaging is detected (400) on the 1st search space and consequently the 2nd search space is activated and monitored for messaging. Another message is detected (400) also on the 2nd search space. In response to detecting messaging (e.g. execution command) in the 2nd search space, the actuator 222 performs an action (402) . The action may be e.g. triggering water sprinklers to exhaust a fire which the sensor had detected, or informing relevant authority / ies of an abnormal situation detected by the sensor, such as informing police about detection of un-wanted persons in the premises of the sensor.
[0066] Let us consider the first search space in more details. In one embodi-ment, the first search space is for detecting a message carrying control information from the controller 210 to the sensor 220. For example, the first search space is used to search scheduling information from the controller 210 to the sensor 220, the scheduling information scheduling a 1st transmission (e.g. the sensor report) from the sensor 220 to the controller 210. After the actuator 222 receives / detects scheduling information of the 1st transmission based on the 1st search space, the actuator activates the configured 2nd search space. In order to perform such detec-tion of messaging for more than one end users, such as between two other appa-ratuses (i.e. other than the actuator 222 itself) , the control information should be decodable by both the sensor 220 and the actuator 222. This can be enabled in var-ious manners:
[0067] ● In an embodiment, the actuator 222 acquires an indication of a common identifier for the actuator 222 and the sensor 220, wherein the common identifier is included in the message carrying the control information from the controller 210 to the sensor 220. In an embodiment, the common iden-tifier is a group radio network temporary identifier (G-RNTI) . For example, the controller 210 may assign a group RNTI (or the G-RNTI may be other-wise known to the parties) to be scrambled on the control information. Both the actuator 222 and the sensor 220 can then blind decode downlink control information from the controller 210 based on this group RNTI. Then, the actuator 222 may monitor, based on the first search space, presence of the common identifier in the messaging.
[0068] ● In an embodiment, the actuator 222 acquires (e.g. receive or otherwise ob-tain) an indication of a dedicated identifier for the sensor 220, wherein the dedicated identifier is included in the message carrying the control infor-mation from the controller 210 to the sensor 220. For example, the control-ler 210 may indicate sensor’s RNTI (or other identifier) to the actuator 222. Then, the actuator 222 may monitor, based on the first search space, presence of the dedicated identifier.
[0069] In an embodiment, the first search space is for detecting a message car-rying data (e.g. the sensor report) from the sensor 220 to the controller 210, that is for detecting the 1st transmission mentioned above. For example, actuator 222 may detect demodulation reference signal (DMRS) transmitted within the 1st trans-mission. In order to perform this, the 1st search space configuration may include at least where and how to detect the 1st transmission. In an embodiment, the actuator 222 may acquire (e.g. in the configuration of the 1st search space) , indication of a message type (i.e. the predetermined type of messaging) to be monitored based on the first search space. The message may be e.g. the DMRS or another reference sig-nal or specific sequence to be detected in the 1st search space. In this example, the sensor 220 includes such reference signal to the 1st transmission. The controller 210 may instruct the sensor 220 to include the reference signal to the 1st transmis-sion, for example, or the sensor 220 is otherwise configured to include such refer-ence signal to the 1st transmission. The actuator 222 may acquire (e.g. in the 1st search space configuration) a radio configuration for the message type to be mon-itored based on the first search space, the radio configuration indicating at least one of the following for the message type: a time domain configuration, a frequency domain configuration, and a code domain configuration, an associated reference signal configuration (e.g. indicating the specific sequence to monitor) . Then, detect-ing the presence of data (1st transmission) may be based on detection of associated DRMS, as an example.
[0070] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the actuator 222 activates the second search space a first predetermined time period 404 after detecting the mes-saging on the first search space, or alternatively after the end of the first search space. That is, a time offset 404 may be introduced (e.g., by pre-configuration, pos-sibly from the controller 210 or by standards) . The second search space is activated the time offset 404 after the time instant when the 1st transmission or the schedul-ing message (for scheduling the 1st information) is detected. The first predeter-mined time period 404 may be determined empirically, based on simulations, or based on pre-knowledge of traffic situation between the 1st transmission and the 2nd transmission, for example.
[0071] In an embodiment, the 2nd search space may be deactivated after being activated.
[0072] In one embodiment, the 2nd search space is deactivated (by the actuator 222) after detecting the messaging (e.g. DCI from the controller 210 to the actuator 222 for a 2nd transmission, such as the execution command) on the 2nd search space. This is depicted in Figure 4, where only a part of the block depicting the 2nd search space is active and the latter part is deactivated based on (e.g. after) detect-ing the messaging on the activated part of the 2nd search space.
[0073] In another embodiment, the actuator 222 detects messaging on the 1st search space and activates the 2nd search space. However, in some occasions it may be that the controller 210 still decides not to transmit the execution command (or related DCI) to the actuator 222. In such case, the actuator 222 may deactivate the 2nd search space a second predetermined time period after detecting the messaging on the 1st search space. That is, after a timer corresponding to the second predeter- mined time period expires (i.e., no DL transmission to the actuator 222) , the actu-ator deactivates the search space. This is depicted in Figure 4 with the rightmost set of search spaces, where messaging is detected (406) on the 1st search space, but by the time the timer (408) expires no messaging is detected on the 2nd search space. Then the rest of the configured 2nd search space is inactivated. It is noted that the timer is merely a non-limiting example.
[0074] There can be other forms to indicate a maximum duration of the second search space, such as a counter, a time duration value. In an embodiment, the actu-ator receives the duration of the second predetermined time period from the con-troller 210. In other embodiment, the duration is predefined by standards, for ex-ample.
[0075] In an embodiment, the actuator 222 may, after detecting the messaging on the first search space, deactivate the rest of the first search space and refrain from performing monitoring on the rest of the 1st search space, although Figure 4 does not show deactivation of the rest of the 1st search space.
[0076] In an embodiment, based on the configurations of steps 300 and 302, the first search space has a first periodicity and the second search space has a sec-ond periodicity, wherein the first periodicity is sparser (longer) than the second periodicity. This is also depicted in Figure 4 where, within a given time range, the configured 2nd search spaces occur more frequently than the configured 1st search spaces. Therefore, it may be important deactivate 2nd search space when not needed, or keep the 2nd search space deactivated when not needed, and in general to solutions where the 2nd search space is by default inactive and activates only on-demand basis.
[0077] Figure 5 depicts an example method. The method may be computer-im-plemented. The method may be performed by a second device / apparatus. The sec-ond may be a network node, such as the AP 110 of Figure 1 or the controller 210 of Figure 2, for example. For the sake of simplicity, Figure 5 is explained from the point of view of the controller 210.
[0078] In step 500, the controller 210 provides the configuration of the first search space to the actuator 222. In step 502, the controller 210 provides the con-figuration of the second search space to the actuator 222.
[0079] In step 504, the controller 210 performs (e.g. transmits or receives) messaging between controller 210 and the sensor 220. The messaging may be con-trol information, such as DCI, or data message, such as sensor report, as explained above. Based on performing the messaging between on the first search space, the controller 210 transmits in step 506 a message to the actuator 222 on the second search space, which has been activated by the actuator 222 after the actuator de-tecting messaging on the first search space.
[0080] From point of view of the sensor 220, the sensor 220 may acquire (e.g. receive from the controller 210 a specific sequence, such as reference signal se-quence, that should be included in the sensor report. In an embodiment it is only included when the sensor report provides abnormal information. The sensor may be configured to sense abnormalities in the environment and send a sensor report to the controller 210 when an abnormal situation is detected. In another embodi-ment, the sensor 220 sends the sensor report periodically. In order to sense the environment, the sensor 220 may be equipped with appropriate sensors, such as camera, water detector and / or fire detector, to mention only a few.
[0081] In an embodiment, the sensor 220 is instructed (e. g by the controller 210) or preconfigured to add certain specific sequence, such as a RS sequence, to the sensor report when the sensor report is abnormal. When the sensor report is normal, such specific sequence is not added to the (possibly periodically sent) sen-sor report. When the actuator 222 detects, not only messaging on the 1st search space, but also such specific sequence in the messaging on the 1st search space, the actuator 222 activates the 2nd search space. If the actuator 222 does not detect the specific sequence, then the actuator 222 does not activate the 2nd search space. Such specific sequence may be an example of detection of a predetermined type of messaging, for example.
[0082] In one potential example implementation of the proposed solution, let us assume the following application scenario: a sensor 220 generates measure-ment reports every 1 second, and transmits reports periodically to the controller 210 via a wireless communication network. The controller 210 takes uncertain time to handle the measurement report (for data processing) . After that, the con-troller 210 may generate an execution command, and transmit the command to the actuator 222 to take an appropriate action. That is the actuator 222 may execute the action based on the execution command. The execution command is conveyed via the wireless communication network.
[0083] It is further assumed that the expected traffic (from the sensor 220 to the controller 210) happens every 1 second. The controller 210 can thus configure the 1st search space with the periodicity of 1 second. Due to uncertain traffic arrival time of execution command, the 2nd search space may be configured with much shorter periodicity (e.g., 1ms) to ensure URLLC requirement.
[0084] As illustrated in Figure 4, the actuator 222 may firstly apply the first search every 1 second, i.e., according to the first stage search space. Upon detecting the 1st transmission, the actuator 222 activates the second search space and per-form search for control information of the 2nd transmission every 1 ms. Assuming the maximum duration of the second search space is 5 ms, the maximum search overhead of proposed idea within 10 second is 10 + 9*5 = 55 search time. Without proposed embodiments, the actuator would need to be configured with a persistent dense search space for the 2nd transmission, e.g., every 1 ms. That means the max-imum search overhead of legacy approach within 10 second is 10000 search time. As is evident from above, search overhead reductions can be observed with the embodiments. That is, there may be less monitoring overhead due to on-demand ON-OFF of 2nd search space, which leads to energy savings at the actuator 222.
[0085] Figure 6 shows a signaling flow diagram. As shown in Figure 6, the de-vice 210 (e.g. an access point 110) configures the search spaces to the actuator 222. Then, the actuator 222 monitors radio channel based on the 1st search space. When it detects the 1st transmission (e.g. sensor report possibly including a specific se-quence, such as a predetermined RS) from the sensor 220 on the 1st search space, the actuator 222 activates the configured 2nd search space, in order to detect DCI for the 2nd transmission (e.g. execution command) and / or the 2nd transmission. Then, the actuator, although not shown in the Figure executes an appropriate ac-tion, as instructed in the execution command.
[0086] In Figure 6, the second instance possible 1st transmission occasion (e.g. based on periodical transmission and based on what is being configured for the first search space) , the sensor 220 does not transmit anything (or transmits some-thing but not the predetermined type of transmission the actuator 222 is monitor-ing for) . Since there is no 1st transmission detected by the actuator 222 on the 1st search space, the actuator 222 beneficially maintains the 2nd search space inactive.
[0087] An embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, provides an apparatus 10 com-prising a control circuitry (CTRL) 12, such as at least one processor, and at least one memory 14 storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one pro-cessor, cause the apparatus at least to carry out any one of the above-described processes. In an example, the at least one memory and the computer program code (software) , are configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to carry out any one of the above-described processes. The memory may be imple-mented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory. The memory may comprise a database for storing data.
[0088] In an embodiment, the apparatus 10 may comprise the terminal device of a communication system, e.g. an actuator, a user terminal (UT) , a computer (PC) , a laptop, a tabloid computer, a cellular phone, a mobile phone, a communicator, a smart phone, a palm computer, a mobile transportation apparatus (such as a car) , a household appliance, or any other communication apparatus, commonly called as UE in the description. Alternatively, the apparatus is comprised in such a termi-nal device. Further, the apparatus may be or comprise a module (to be attached to the UE) providing connectivity, such as a plug-in unit, an “USB dongle” , or any other kind of unit. The unit may be installed either inside the UE or attached to the UE with a connector or even wirelessly.
[0089] In an embodiment, the apparatus 10 is or is comprised in the actuator 222 or in the UE 122. The apparatus may be caused to execute some of the func-tionalities of the above described processes, such as the steps of Figure 3.
[0090] The apparatus may further comprise a radio interface (TRX) 16 com-prising hardware and / or software for realizing communication connectivity ac-cording to one or more communication protocols. The TRX may provide the appa-ratus with communication capabilities to access the radio access network, for ex-ample.
[0091] The apparatus may also comprise a user interface 18 comprising, for example, at least one keypad, a microphone, a touch display, a display, a speaker, etc. The user interface may be used to control the apparatus by the user.
[0092] The control circuitry 12 may comprise a search space activation circuity 20 for activating or deactivating the first and / or the second search space (s) , ac-cording to any of the embodiments. The control circuitry 12 may further comprise a monitoring circuitry 20 for monitoring messages based on 1st and / or 2nd search space (s) . The control circuitry may further comprise an execution circuitry 24 for executing at least one action, e.g. as instructed.
[0093] An embodiment, as shown in Figure 8, provides an apparatus 50 com-prising a control circuitry (CTRL) 52, such as at least one processor, and at least one memory 54 storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one pro-cessor, cause the apparatus at least to carry out any one of the above-described processes. In an example, the at least one memory and the computer program code (software) , are configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to carry out any one of the above-described processes. The memory may be imple-mented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memory, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory. The memory may comprise a database for storing data.
[0094] In an embodiment, the apparatus 50 may be or be comprised in a net-work node, such as in gNB / gNB-CU / gNB-DU of 5G. In an embodiment, the appa-ratus is or is comprised in the network node 110 or in the controller 210. The ap-paratus may be caused to execute some of the functionalities of the above described processes, such as the steps of Figure 5.
[0095] The apparatus may further comprise communication interface (TRX) 56 comprising hardware and / or software for realizing communication connectivity according to one or more communication protocols. The TRX may provide the ap-paratus with communication capabilities with at least one user equipment, for ex-ample.
[0096] The apparatus may also comprise a user interface 58 comprising, for example, at least one keypad, a microphone, a touch display, a display, a speaker, etc. The user interface may be used to control the apparatus by the user.
[0097] The control circuitry 52 may comprise a search space configuration cir-cuitry 60 for configuring search spaces to other devices, such as to the actuator 222, according to any of the embodiments. The control circuitry 52 may comprise an execution determination circuitry 62 for determining whether or not an execution command needs to be sent to the actuator 222 based on the sensor report from the sensor 221, according to any of the embodiments.
[0098] In an embodiment, a CU-DU (central unit –distributed unit) architec-ture is implemented. In such case the apparatus 50 may be comprised in a central unit (e.g. a control unit, an edge cloud server, a server) operatively coupled (e.g. via a wireless or wired network) to a distributed unit (e.g. a remote radio head / node) . That is, the central unit (e.g. an edge cloud server) and the radio node may be stand-alone apparatuses communicating with each other via a radio path or via a wired connection. Alternatively, they may be in a same entity communicating via a wired connection, etc. The edge cloud or edge cloud server may serve a plurality of radio nodes or a radio access networks. In an embodiment, at least some of the described processes may be performed by the central unit. In another embodiment, the ap-paratus may be instead comprised in the distributed unit, and at least some of the described processes may be performed by the distributed unit. In an embodiment, the execution of at least some of the functionalities of the apparatus 50 may be shared between two physically separate devices (DU and CU) forming one opera-tional entity. Therefore, the apparatus may be seen to depict the operational entity comprising one or more physically separate devices for executing at least some of the described processes. In an embodiment, the apparatus controls the execution of the processes, regardless of the location of the apparatus and regardless of where the processes / functions are carried out.
[0099] In an embodiment, an apparatus carrying out at least some of the em-bodiments described comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the com-puter program code are configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to carry out the functionalities according to any one of the embodiments described. According to an aspect, when the at least one processor executes the computer program code, the computer program code causes the apparatus to carry out the functionalities according to any one of the embodiments described. Accord-ing to another embodiment, the apparatus carrying out at least some of the embod-iments comprises the at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, wherein the at least one processor and the computer pro-gram code perform at least some of the functionalities according to any one of the embodiments described. Accordingly, the at least one processor, the memory, and the computer program code form processing means for carrying out at least some of the embodiments described. According to yet another embodiment, the appa-ratus carrying out at least some of the embodiments comprises a circuitry includ-ing at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. When activated, the circuitry causes the apparatus to perform the at least some of the functionalities according to any one of the embodiments described.
[0100] As used in this application, the term ‘circuitry’ refers to all of the follow-ing: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations, such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry, and (b) combinations of circuits and soft-ware (and / or firmware) , such as (as applicable) : (i) a combination of processor (s) or (ii) portions of processor (s) / software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus to perform various functions, and (c) circuits, such as a microprocessor (s) or a portion of a micropro-cessor (s) , that require software or firmware for operation, even if the software or firmware is not physically present. This definition of ‘circuitry’ applies to all uses of this term in this application. As a further example, as used in this application, the term ‘circuitry’ would also cover an implementation of merely a processor (or mul-tiple processors) or a portion of a processor and its (or their) accompanying soft-ware and / or firmware. The term ‘circuitry’ would also cover, for example and if applicable to the particular element, a baseband integrated circuit or applications processor integrated circuit for a mobile phone or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or another network device.
[0101] In an embodiment, at least some of the processes described may be car-ried out by an apparatus comprising corresponding means for carrying out at least some of the described processes. Some example means for carrying out the pro-cesses may include at least one of the following: detector, processor (including dual-core and multiple-core processors) , digital signal processor, controller, re-ceiver, transmitter, encoder, decoder, memory, RAM, ROM, software, firmware, dis-play, user interface, display circuitry, user interface circuitry, user interface soft-ware, display software, circuit, antenna, antenna circuitry, and circuitry.
[0102] A term non-transitory, as used herein, is a limitation of the medium it-self (i.e. tangible, not a signal) as opposed to a limitation on data storage persis-tency (e.g. RAM vs. ROM) .
[0103] As used herein the term “means” is to be construed in singular form, i.e. referring to a single element, or in plural form, i.e. referring to a combination of single elements. Therefore, terminology “means for [performing A, B, C] ” , is to be interpreted to cover an apparatus in which there is only one means for performing A, B and C, or where there are separate means for performing A, B and C, or partially or fully overlapping means for performing A, B, C. Further, terminology “means for performing A, means for performing B, means for performing C” is to be interpreted to cover an apparatus in which there is only one means for performing A, B and C, or where there are separate means for performing A, B and C, or partially or fully overlapping means for performing A, B, C.
[0104] The techniques and methods described herein may be implemented by various means. For example, these techniques may be implemented in hardware (one or more devices) , firmware (one or more devices) , software (one or more modules) , or combinations thereof. For a hardware implementation, the appa-ratus (es) of embodiments may be implemented within one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , digital signal processing devices (DSPDs) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) , field programma-ble gate arrays (FPGAs) , processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microproces-sors, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For firmware or software, the implementation can be car-ried out through modules of at least one chip set (e.g. procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software codes may be stored in a memory unit and executed by processors. The memory unit may be imple-mented within the processor or externally to the processor. In the latter case, it can be communicatively coupled to the processor via various means, as is known in the art. Additionally, the components of the systems described herein may be rear-ranged and / or complemented by additional components in order to facilitate the achievements of the various aspects, etc., described with regard thereto, and they are not limited to the precise configurations set forth in the given figures, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art.
[0105] Embodiments as described may also be carried out in the form of a com-puter process defined by a computer program or portions thereof. Embodiments of the methods described may be carried out by executing at least one portion of a computer program comprising corresponding instructions. The computer program may be in source code form, object code form, or in some intermediate form, and it may be stored in some sort of carrier, which may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program. For example, the computer program may be stored on a com-puter program distribution medium readable by a computer or a processor. The computer program medium may be, for example but not limited to, a record me-dium, computer memory, read-only memory, electrical carrier signal, telecommu-nications signal, and software distribution package, for example. The computer program medium may be a non-transitory medium. Coding of software for carrying out the embodiments as shown and described is well within the scope of a person of ordinary skill in the art.
[0106] Following is a list of some aspects of the invention.
[0107] According to a first aspect, there is provided a method performed by a first apparatus, the method comprising: acquiring a configuration of a first search space, wherein the first search space is for detecting messaging between a second and a third apparatus; acquiring a configuration of a second search space, wherein the second search space is for detecting messaging between the second and the first apparatus; activating the first search space to monitor messaging based on the first search space; performing one of the following: detect, based on the first search space, messaging between the second and the third apparatus, and activate the sec-ond search space to monitor messaging based on the second search space; or de-tect, based on the first search space, that messaging does not take place between the second and the third apparatus, and refrain from activating the second search space.
[0108] Various embodiments of the first aspect may comprise at least one fea-ture from the following bulleted list:
[0109] ● wherein the first search space is for detecting a message carrying control information from the second apparatus to the third ap-paratus.
[0110] ● acquiring an indication of a common identifier for the first and third apparatuses, wherein the common identifier is included in the message carrying the control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus; and monitoring, based on the first search space, presence of the common identifier.
[0111] ● wherein the common identifier is a group radio network tempo-rary identifier (G-RNTI) .
[0112] ● acquiring an indication of a dedicated identifier for the third ap-paratus, wherein the dedicated identifier is included in the mes-sage carrying the control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus; and monitoring, based on the first search space, presence of the dedicated identifier.
[0113] ● wherein the first search space is for detecting a message carrying data from the third apparatus to the second apparatus.
[0114] ● acquiring an indication of a message type to be monitored based on the first search space.
[0115] ● acquiring a radio configuration for the message type to be mon-itored based on the first search space, the radio configuration in-dicating at least one of the following for the message type: a time domain configuration, a frequency domain configuration, and a code domain configuration, an associated reference signal con-figuration.
[0116] ● activating the second search space a first predetermined time period after detecting the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space.
[0117] ● deactivating the second search space a second predetermined time period after detecting the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space.
[0118] ● deactivating the second search space after detecting a message from the second apparatus to the first apparatus on the second search space.
[0119] ● deactivating the second search space after transmitting a mes-sage from the first apparatus to the second apparatus.
[0120] ● wherein, based on the configurations, the first search space has a first periodicity and the second search space has a second pe-riodicity, wherein the first periodicity is longer than the second periodicity.
[0121] ● wherein the first apparatus is or is comprised in an actuator, the second apparatus is or is comprised in a network access node, and the third apparatus is or is comprised in a sensor.
[0122] According to a second aspect, there is provided a method performed by a second apparatus, the method comprising: providing a configuration of a first search space to a first apparatus, wherein the first search space is useable by the first apparatus for detecting messaging between the second and a third apparatus; providing a configuration of a second search space to the first apparatus, wherein the second search space is useable by the first apparatus for detecting messaging between the second and the first apparatus; performing messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space; and based on performing the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space, transmitting a message to the first apparatus on the second search space.
[0123] According to a third aspect, there is provided a first apparatus, compris-ing: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to: acquire a configuration of a first search space, wherein the first search space is for detecting messaging between a second and a third apparatus; acquire a configuration of a second search space, wherein the second search space is for detecting messaging between the second and the first apparatus; activate the first search space to mon-itor messaging based on the first search space; perform the following: detect, based on the first search space, messaging between the second and the third apparatus, and activate the second search space to monitor messaging based on the second search space; or detect, based on the first search space, that messaging does not take place between the second and the third apparatus, and refrain from activating the second search space. Various embodiments of the third aspect may comprise at least one feature from the bulleted list under the first aspect.
[0124] According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a second apparatus, com-prising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to:provide a configuration of a first search space to a first apparatus, wherein the first search space is useable by the first apparatus for detecting messaging between the second and a third apparatus; provide a configuration of a second search space to the first apparatus, wherein the second search space is useable by the first ap-paratus for detecting messaging between the second and the first apparatus; per-form messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space; and based on performing the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space, transmit a message to the first apparatus on the second search space.
[0125] According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer program prod-uct embodied on a distribution medium and comprising program instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to carry out the method according to the first aspect.
[0126] According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer program prod-uct embodied on a distribution medium and comprising program instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to carry out the method according to the second aspect.
[0127] According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising program instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to carry out the method according to the first aspect.
[0128] According to an eight aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising program instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to carry out the method according to the second aspect.
[0129] According to a ninth aspect, there is provided an apparatus, comprising means for performing the method according to the first aspect, and / or means con-figured to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to the first aspect.
[0130] According to a tenth aspect, there is provided an apparatus, comprising means for performing the method according to the second aspect, and / or means configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to the second aspect.
[0131] According to an eleventh aspect, there is provided computer imple-mented system, comprising: a server and at least one radio node; and at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the system at least to carry out the method according to the first aspect and / or the method according to the second aspect.
[0132] According to a twelfth aspect, there is provided computer implemented system, comprising: one or more processors; at least one data storage, and one or more computer program instructions to be executed by the one or more processors in association with the at least one data storage for carrying out the method ac-cording to the first aspect and / or the method according to the second aspect.
[0133] Even though the invention has been described above with reference to an example according to the accompanying drawings, it is clear that the invention is not restricted thereto but can be modified in several ways within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, all words and expressions should be interpreted broadly and they are intended to illustrate, not to restrict, the embodiment. It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. Further, it is clear to a person skilled in the art that the described embodiments may, but are not required to, be com-bined with other embodiments in various ways.
Claims
1.A first apparatus, comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to:acquire a configuration of a first search space, wherein the first search space is for detecting messaging between a second and a third apparatus;acquire a configuration of a second search space, wherein the second search space is for detecting messaging between the second and the first appa-ratus;activate the first search space to monitor messaging based on the first search space;perform the following:· detect, based on the first search space, messaging between the second and the third apparatus, and activate the second search space to monitor messaging based on the second search space; or· detect, based on the first search space, that messaging does not take place between the second and the third apparatus, and re-frain from activating the second search space.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first search space is for detecting a message carrying control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus.3.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:acquire an indication of a common identifier for the first and third ap-paratuses, wherein the common identifier is included in the message carrying the control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus; andmonitor, based on the first search space, presence of the common iden-tifier.4.The first apparatus of claim 3, wherein the common identifier is a group radio network temporary identifier (G-RNTI) .5.The first apparatus of any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:acquire an indication of a dedicated identifier for the third apparatus, wherein the dedicated identifier is included in the message carrying the control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus; andmonitor, based on the first search space, presence of the dedicated iden-tifier.6.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first search space is for detecting a message carrying data from the third apparatus to the sec-ond apparatus.7.The first apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:acquire an indication of a message type to be monitored based on the first search space.8.The first apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:acquire a radio configuration for the message type to be monitored based on the first search space, the radio configuration indicating at least one of the following for the message type: a time domain configuration, a frequency do-main configuration, and a code domain configuration, an associated reference sig-nal configuration.9.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first apparatus is further caused to:activate the second search space a first predetermined time period after detecting the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space.10.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first appa-ratus is further caused to:deactivate the second search space a second predetermined time period after detecting the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space.11.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first appa-ratus is further caused to:deactivate the second search space after detecting a message from the second apparatus to the first apparatus on the second search space.12.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first appa-ratus is further caused to:deactivate the second search space after transmitting a message from the first apparatus to the second apparatus.13.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 12, wherein based on the configurations, the first search space has a first periodicity and the second search space has a second periodicity, wherein the first periodicity is longer than the sec-ond periodicity.14.The first apparatus of any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the first appa-ratus is or is comprised in an actuator, the second apparatus is or is comprised in a network access node, and the third apparatus is or is comprised in a sensor.15.A second apparatus, comprising:at least one processor; andat least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus at least to:provide a configuration of a first search space to a first apparatus, wherein the first search space is useable by the first apparatus for detecting mes-saging between the second and a third apparatus;provide a configuration of a second search space to the first apparatus, wherein the second search space is useable by the first apparatus for detecting messaging between the second and the first apparatus;perform messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space; andbased on performing the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space, transmit a message to the first apparatus on the second search space.16.A method performed by a first apparatus, the method comprising:acquiring a configuration of a first search space, wherein the first search space is for detecting messaging between a second and a third apparatus;acquiring a configuration of a second search space, wherein the second search space is for detecting messaging between the second and the first appa-ratus;activating the first search space to monitor messaging based on the first search space;performing the following:· detect, based on the first search space, messaging between the second and the third apparatus, and activate the second search space to monitor messaging based on the second search space; or· detect, based on the first search space, that messaging does not take place between the second and the third apparatus, and re-frain from activating the second search space.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the first search space is for detect-ing a message carrying control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus.18.The method of claim 17, further comprising:acquiring an indication of a common identifier for the first and third ap-paratuses, wherein the common identifier is included in the message carrying the control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus; andmonitoring, based on the first search space, presence of the common identifier.19.The method of claim 18, wherein the common identifier is a group radio network temporary identifier (G-RNTI) .20.The method of any of claims 17 to 19, further comprising:acquiring an indication of a dedicated identifier for the third apparatus, wherein the dedicated identifier is included in the message carrying the control information from the second apparatus to the third apparatus; andmonitoring, based on the first search space, presence of the dedicated identifier.21.The method of any of claims 16 to 20, wherein the first search space is for detecting a message carrying data from the third apparatus to the second ap-paratus.22.The method of claim 21, further comprising:acquiring an indication of a message type to be monitored based on the first search space.23.The method of claim 22, further comprising:acquiring a radio configuration for the message type to be monitored based on the first search space, the radio configuration indicating at least one of the following for the message type: a time domain configuration, a frequency do-main configuration, and a code domain configuration, an associated reference sig-nal configuration.24.The method of any of claims 16 to 23, further comprising:activating the second search space a first predetermined time period af-ter detecting the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space.25.The method of any of claims 16 to 24, further comprising:deactivating the second search space a second predetermined time pe-riod after detecting the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space.26.The method of any of claims 16 to 25, further comprising:deactivating the second search space after detecting a message from the second apparatus to the first apparatus on the second search space.27.The method of any of claims 16 to 26, further comprising:deactivating the second search space after transmitting a message from the first apparatus to the second apparatus.28.The method of any of claims 16 to 27, wherein based on the config-urations, the first search space has a first periodicity and the second search space has a second periodicity, wherein the first periodicity is longer than the second pe-riodicity.29.The method of any of claims 16 to 28, wherein the first apparatus is or is comprised in an actuator, the second apparatus is or is comprised in a network access node, and the third apparatus is or is comprised in a sensor.30.A method performed by a second apparatus, the method compris-ing:providing a configuration of a first search space to a first apparatus, wherein the first search space is useable by the first apparatus for detecting mes-saging between the second and a third apparatus;providing a configuration of a second search space to the first appa-ratus, wherein the second search space is useable by the first apparatus for detect-ing messaging between the second and the first apparatus;performing messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space; andbased on performing the messaging between the second and the third apparatus on the first search space, transmitting a message to the first apparatus on the second search space.31.A computer program product embodied on a distribution medium readable by a computer and comprising program instructions which, when the pro-gram is executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to carry out the method ac-cording to any of claims 16 to 30.32.A computer program product comprising program instructions which, when the program is executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to carry out the method according to any of claims 16 to 30.33.An apparatus, comprising means for performing the method accord-ing to any of claims 16 to 30.
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