Tunnel drainage system and method convenient for maintenance and unblocking

Abstract

The present invention provides a tunnel drainage system and method convenient for maintenance and unblocking. The system comprises: a plurality of inspection wells longitudinally arranged along a tunnel and arranged at positions corresponding to longitudinal drainage pipes, wherein each inspection well employs a fabricated structure, a side cover plate is arranged at an inner side opening of each inspection well, the side cover plate can longitudinally slide along the tunnel, reserved holes are arranged in the two sides of each inspection well in the length direction of the corresponding longitudinal drainage pipe, and the reserved holes mate with the longitudinal drainage pipes; and a cleaning robot, arranged in the inspection well, wherein the cleaning robot is located in the inspection well adjacent to a longitudinal drainage pipe section waiting for maintenance and unblocking. According to the present invention, the problem of blockage of longitudinal drainage pipes of tunnels can be effectively solved, the operation is simple and convenient, and the safety of the tunnel structure is effectively protected.

Description

Tunnel drainage system and method convenient for maintenance and dredging Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mountain tunnel drainage, and in particular to a tunnel drainage system and method that are convenient for inspection and dredging. Background Art

[0002] After a long period of operation, the drainage system of a mountain tunnel is prone to blockage due to the hydrological and geological conditions of the tunnel's surrounding rock. Poor drainage in the longitudinal drainage pipes can lead to water seepage and cracking of the secondary lining, compromising driving safety. Existing technical solutions for inspecting and unclogging tunnel drainage pipes include various methods, including robotic cleaning, high-pressure water jets, and chemical dissolution. However, due to the long longitudinal length of the tunnel, these treatment methods primarily focus on the cleaning machines themselves. In practice, these solutions require the secondary lining to be broken open to expose the longitudinal drainage pipes. This not only damages the tunnel structure to a certain extent, but also makes operation and implementation difficult. Another technical solution involves installing a drag rope structure with a cleaning ring in the inspection wells of the longitudinal drainage pipes on both sides of the tunnel. However, this method is ineffective for cleaning hard crystals or sediments within the longitudinal drainage pipes. Furthermore, the longitudinal drainage pipe inspection wells in these technical solutions are currently mainly cast-in-place. Due to the need to pre-fix the inspection well formwork and pour concrete on-site, the quality of the on-site construction is difficult to ensure.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN112228151A, which discloses a tunnel open-cut drainage system. The system comprises a tunnel wall and an inverted arch. A central drain pipe is located beneath the inverted arch, and longitudinal drain pipes are located on both sides of the tunnel wall. These longitudinal drain pipes run along the tunnel and have multiple permeable holes in their upper portions. These longitudinal drain pipes are connected to the central drain pipe via transverse drain pipes. While this patent provides a drainage solution for an open-cut tunnel, it does not address the maintenance and dredging of the longitudinal drain pipes.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a tunnel drainage method that is convenient for maintenance and dredging, so as to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel drainage system and method that is easy to inspect and dredge.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge, comprising:

[0008] Multiple inspection wells are provided along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, arranged at positions corresponding to the longitudinal drainage pipes. The inspection wells are of assembled structure, and side covers are provided at the inner openings of the inspection wells. The side covers can slide along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The inspection wells are provided with reserved holes on both sides of the longitudinal drainage pipes in the longitudinal direction, and the reserved holes are connected to the longitudinal drainage pipes.

[0009] A cleaning robot is arranged inside the inspection well. The cleaning robot is located in an inspection well adjacent to the longitudinal drainage pipe section to be inspected and dredged.

[0010] Optionally, the distance between two adjacent inspection wells along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is 1000m, and multiple inspection wells are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel.

[0011] Optionally, the inspection well includes block A, block C and multiple blocks B, the block A and the block C are symmetrically arranged, and the multiple blocks B are located between the block A and the block C. The inspection well has a rectangular structure with a cavity, and the inspection well forms an opening on one side of the length direction of the rectangular structure, and the side cover plate covers the opening.

[0012] Optionally, the A block includes a top A, a bottom A, a first side wall A, a second side wall A and a third side wall A, the first side wall A is located at the end of the inspection well, and the second side wall A is opposite to the third side wall A; the area of ​​the bottom A is larger than the area of ​​the top A, the height of the third side wall A is smaller than the height of the second side wall A, and the opening is formed between the top of the third side wall A and the top A.

[0013] Optionally, the B block includes a top B, a bottom B, a first side wall B and a second side wall B, the first side wall B is opposite to the second side wall B, the area of ​​the bottom B is larger than the area of ​​the top B, the height of the second side wall B is smaller than the area of ​​the first height B, and the opening is formed between the top of the second side wall B and the top B; the side of the B block is the same in shape and size as the side of the A block away from the end of the inspection well.

[0014] Optionally, the contact surfaces between the A block and the B block, between the C block and the B block, and between two adjacent B blocks are connected by bolts.

[0015] Optionally, the contact surfaces between the A block and the B block, between the C block and the B block, and between two adjacent B blocks are provided with sealing gasket grooves for pasting sealing gaskets, and a water-stop sealing gasket is provided near the outside of the inspection well.

[0016] Optionally, a movable bracket with automatic lifting function is provided at the bottom of the cleaning robot.

[0017] Optionally, the system further includes a control device connected to the cleaning robot.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a tunnel drainage method that is convenient for maintenance and dredging, the method comprising:

[0019] Construction of inspection wells is synchronized with the tunnel support structure;

[0020] After the tunnel is completed and put into operation, for the longitudinal drainage pipe section to be inspected and cleared, the adjacent inspection well is selected, the side cover of the inspection well is opened, and the cleaning robot is placed into the inspection well;

[0021] Use cleaning robots to inspect and dredge the longitudinal drainage pipe sections that need to be inspected and dredged;

[0022] The cleaning robot was taken out, the side cover of the inspection well was closed, and the tunnel resumed normal operation.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The tunnel drainage system and method provided by the present invention adopts a prefabricated assembly structure for the inspection well, which has a fast construction speed and can effectively ensure quality.

[0025] 2. The tunnel drainage system and method provided by the present invention uses a cleaning robot for inspection and dredging, which can adapt to the complex situation of blockages in the longitudinal drainage pipe and increase the coverage length of the cleaning work.

[0026] 3. The tunnel drainage system and method provided by the present invention, by setting up assembled inspection wells, does not damage the tunnel lining structure during the inspection and dredging process, thereby effectively protecting the safety of the tunnel structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0028] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of a tunnel drainage system for facilitating maintenance and dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel drainage system for facilitating maintenance and dredging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] FIG3 is an oblique schematic diagram of an inspection well according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] FIG4 is a schematic front view of an inspection well according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] FIG5 is a schematic side view of an inspection well according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the block assembly of an inspection well in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG7 is an oblique schematic diagram of a manhole A block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG8 is a front view schematic diagram of a manhole A block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG9 is a side view schematic diagram of a manhole A block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] FIG10 is an oblique schematic diagram of a manhole B block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG11 is a front view schematic diagram of the inspection well B block in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] FIG12 is a side view schematic diagram of the inspection well B block in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] FIG13 is an oblique schematic diagram of the inspection well C block in one embodiment of the present invention,

[0041] FIG14 is a front view schematic diagram of the inspection well C block in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG15 is a side view of a block C of an inspection well according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a cleaning robot in an inspection well according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1 is an inspection well, 11 is block A, 111 is top A, 112 is bottom A, 113 is first side wall A, 114 is second side wall A, 115 is third side wall A, 12 is block B, 121 is top B, 122 is bottom B, 123 is first side wall B, 124 is second side wall B, 13 is block C, 2 is longitudinal drainage pipe, 3 is tunnel, 4 is primary support of tunnel, 5 is secondary lining of tunnel, 6 is side cover plate, 7 is reserved hole, 8 is sealing gasket groove, 9 is bolt hole, 10 is cleaning robot, 14 is movable bracket, and 15 is tunnel surrounding rock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0047] 1 and 2 , a tunnel drainage system that is convenient for maintenance and dredging provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a cleaning robot 10 and a plurality of inspection wells 1 arranged longitudinally along a tunnel 3. The inspection wells 1 are arranged at positions corresponding to the longitudinal drainage pipes 2 to achieve docking between the inspection wells 1 and the longitudinal drainage pipes 2. The inspection wells 1 adopt an assembled structure, which is beneficial to improving construction efficiency. A side cover 6 is provided at the inner opening of the inspection well 1 (i.e., on the side of the tunnel driving lane or away from the tunnel surrounding rock 15). The side cover 6 can slide (sideways) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to facilitate opening of the side cover 6 without taking up space, making it convenient to clean the machine when maintenance and dredging are required. A person 10 enters the inspection well 1 to perform inspection and dredging work. The side cover 6 and the inspection well 1 can be slid sideways by setting a slide rail, and other existing technologies can also be used to achieve the side sliding of the side cover 6; the inspection well 1 is provided with reserved holes 7 on both sides of the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 in the length direction, and the reserved holes 7 are connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe 2, that is, the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 passes through the side wall of the inspection well 1 through the reserved holes 7, so that the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 is extended into the inspection well 1 through the reserved holes 7; the cleaning robot 10 is arranged inside the inspection well 1, and the cleaning robot 10 is located in the adjacent inspection well 1 of the section of the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 to be inspected and dredged.

[0048] The inspection well 1 in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a prefabricated assembled structure, which has a fast construction speed and can effectively ensure quality; by setting up an assembled inspection well, the lining structure of the tunnel 3 is not damaged during the inspection and dredging process, thereby effectively protecting the structural safety of the tunnel 3; the cleaning robot 10 is used for inspection and dredging, which can adapt to the complex situation of blockages in the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 and increase the coverage length of the cleaning work.

[0049] Since the cleaning robot 10 is used to inspect and clear the longitudinal drainage pipe 2, it is beneficial to increase the spacing between the inspection wells 1 to save construction costs. In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent inspection wells 1 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 3 is 1000m. Since the spacing between the two inspection wells 1 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 3 is too long, it may exceed the operating length of the cleaning robot 10. If the spacing is too short, it will lead to an increase in the number of inspection wells 1 and an increase in construction costs. This spacing setting saves construction costs while also facilitating the inspection and clearing of the longitudinal drainage pipe 2. Multiple inspection wells 1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel 3. When constructing the same cross section, inspection wells 1 can be constructed on both sides, which facilitates construction and helps to increase construction speed.

[0050] In order to enhance feasibility and improve construction speed and quality, the inspection well 1 adopts an assembled structure. In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 to 6, the inspection well 1 includes a block A 11, a block C 13, and a plurality of blocks B 12. For example, in a specific application, three blocks B 12 are used. The blocks B 12 are standard blocks, and the blocks A 11 and C 13 are non-standard blocks. The blocks A 11 and C 13 are symmetrically arranged, and the plurality of blocks B 12 are located between the blocks A 11 and C 13. The inspection well 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with a cavity to facilitate the placement of the cleaning robot 10. The inspection well 1 forms an opening on one side of the length direction of the rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the side cover 6 covers the opening. Reserved holes 7 are provided at both ends of the blocks A 11 and C 13. The diameter of the reserved holes 7 matches the diameter of the longitudinal drain pipe 2 to facilitate docking with the longitudinal drain pipe 2.

[0051] The blocks of the inspection well 1 in the embodiment of the present invention are arranged vertically. Considering the overall rectangular structure of the inspection well 1 (which tends to be more symmetrical vertically), vertically arranging the blocks is more conducive to reducing the number of non-standard blocks than horizontally arranging the blocks, which is more conducive to construction.

[0052] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 7-9, block A 11 includes a top A111, a bottom A112, a first side wall A113, a second side wall A114 and a third side wall A115, the first side wall A113 is located at the end of the inspection well 1, and the second side wall A114 is opposite to the third side wall A115; the area of ​​the bottom A112 is larger than the area of ​​the top A111, the height of the third side wall A115 is smaller than the height of the second side wall A114, and an opening is formed between the top of the third side wall A115 and the top A111.

[0053] Referring to Figures 10-12, block B 12 includes a top B121, a bottom B122, a first side wall B123 and a second side wall B124. The first side wall B123 is opposite to the second side wall B124. The area of ​​the bottom B122 is larger than the area of ​​the top B121. The height of the second side wall B124 is smaller than the area of ​​the first height B. An opening is formed between the top of the second side wall B124 and the top B121. The side of block B 12 is the same in shape and size as the side of block A 11 away from the end of the inspection well 1.

[0054] Since block A 11 and block C 13 are the head and tail blocks, they have similar structures, but are placed in different directions and are symmetrical overall. Referring to Figures 13-15, block C 13 includes a top C, a bottom C, a first side wall C, a second side wall C and a third side wall C. The first side wall C is located at the end of the inspection well 1, and the second side wall C is opposite to the third side wall C; the area of ​​the bottom C is larger than that of the top C, the height of the third side wall C is smaller than the height of the second side wall C, and the opening is formed between the top of the third side wall C and the top C.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the structures of the A block 11 and the C block 13 are non-standard blocks, while the B block 12 is designed as a standard block and can be manufactured using a unified mold, thereby facilitating construction.

[0056] It should be noted that in actual applications, for example, the length of the inspection well 1 is 1.5-2m, with block A 11 and block C 13 at the head and tail, and the middle part is composed of several blocks B 12. If there are too many blocks, it will be detrimental to construction. If there are too few blocks, the weight of each block will be increased, which is also not conducive to construction. From the perspective of facilitating construction, 3 blocks B 12 are designed; in some other embodiments, the number of blocks B 12 can be other according to the actual situation on site, as long as the same functions as above are achieved.

[0057] In some embodiments, bolt holes 9 are provided on the contact surfaces of each block, and the contact surfaces between the A block 11 and the B block 12, between the C block 13 and the B block 12, and between two adjacent B blocks 12 are connected by bolts.

[0058] In some embodiments, a sealing gasket groove 8 for pasting a sealing gasket is provided on the contact surfaces between block A 11 and block B 12, between block C 13 and block B 12, and between two adjacent B blocks 12, and a water-stop sealing gasket is provided near the outside of the inspection well 1 (near the tunnel surrounding rock 15).

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inspection well 1 is constructed synchronously with the tunnel support structure (including the tunnel primary support 4 and the tunnel secondary lining 5), which can improve the construction efficiency; the inspection well 1 is divided into vertical blocks. Since the inspection well 1 has a rectangular structure, the blocks are stacked together longitudinally, and water-stop sealing pads are used for waterproofing.

[0060] The longitudinal drain pipe 2 passes through the sidewall of the inspection well 1. The bottom elevation of the inspection well 1 is lower than that of the longitudinal drain pipe 2. Since the cleaning robot 10 primarily operates in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the elevation difference between the bottom of the inspection well 1 and the longitudinal drain pipe 2 makes it difficult for the cleaning robot 10 to enter the longitudinal drain pipe 2. To address this issue, in some embodiments, referring to FIG. 16 , a movable bracket 14 with automatic lifting function is provided at the bottom of the cleaning robot 10. The longitudinal drain pipe 2 is located within the tunnel surrounding rock 15 and extends longitudinally along the tunnel 3. After the cleaning robot 10 is placed in the inspection well 1, it can adjust its actual elevation to the same level as the bottom elevation of the longitudinal drain pipe 2 using the movable bracket 14, allowing it to enter the longitudinal drain pipe 2 smoothly. The cleaning robot 10 uses high-pressure flushing or cutting to clear the longitudinal drain pipe 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the cleaning robot 10 can also use other methods to inspect and clear the longitudinal drain pipe 2, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] In some embodiments, the system further includes a control device connected to the cleaning robot 10. The cleaning robot 10 enters a selected inspection well 1 and, depending on the specific conditions of the obstruction in the longitudinal drainage pipe 2, controls the cleaning robot 10 to use methods including high-pressure flushing and cutting to complete the inspection and dredging work within the range of two inspection wells 1, for example, a length of about 1000m. The robot then exits from another adjacent inspection well 1 to complete the inspection and dredging work within that section, and inspects and dredges the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 section by section until the inspection and dredging work of all longitudinal drainage pipes 2 in the tunnel 3 is completed. Thus, the cleaning robot 10 is operated within the tunnel 3, allowing it to travel and work within the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 to inspect and dredge the longitudinal drainage pipe 2. This method is easy to implement and simple to operate.

[0062] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel drainage method that facilitates maintenance and dredging. Continuing with reference to Figures 1-16, the method includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Construction of inspection well 1 in parallel with the tunnel support structure;

[0064] Specifically, during the construction of the tunnel support structure (including the tunnel primary support 4 and the tunnel secondary lining 5), inspection wells 1 corresponding to the positions of the longitudinal drainage pipes 2 are constructed simultaneously on both sides of the tunnel 3. The inspection wells 1 are arranged at intervals of about 1000m along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 3 and are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the tunnel 3.

[0065] After S2 and Tunnel 3 are completed and put into operation, the adjacent inspection well 1 is selected for the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 section to be inspected and dredged, and the side cover 6 of the inspection well 1 is opened, and the cleaning robot 10 is placed into the inspection well 1;

[0066] S3, using the cleaning robot 10 to inspect and dredge the two sections of the longitudinal drainage pipe to be inspected and dredged;

[0067] Specifically, first, make preparations for construction, including equipment, site, traffic closure, etc., operate in tunnel 3, place the cleaning robot 10 into the inspection well 1, and adjust the elevation of the cleaning robot 10 through the movable bracket 14 according to the actual elevation position of the longitudinal drainage pipe 2. After adjusting to the elevation consistent with the bottom of the longitudinal drainage pipe 2, it can enter one end of the longitudinal drainage pipe 2, start the cleaning robot 10, and according to the specific situation of the blockage in the longitudinal drainage pipe 2, adopt methods including high-pressure flushing and cutting to complete the maintenance and dredging work of about 1000m in length within the range of the two inspection wells 1, and come out from the other end of the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 of the adjacent inspection well 1 to complete the maintenance and dredging work within this section, and inspect and dredge the longitudinal drainage pipe 2 within the range of the disease section by section until the maintenance and dredging work of all the longitudinal drainage pipes 2 in tunnel 3 is completed.

[0068] S4. Take out the cleaning robot 10, close the side cover 6 of the inspection well 1, and resume normal operation of the tunnel.

[0069] Specifically, after all blockages are cleared and all longitudinal drainage pipes 2 are inspected and cleared, the side covers 6 corresponding to the blocked tunnel sections are closed to prevent debris from entering the inspection well 1, and the tunnel 3 resumes normal operation.

[0070] In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, during the construction of the tunnel support structure, inspection wells corresponding to the positions of the longitudinal drainage pipes are simultaneously constructed on both sides of the tunnel; after the tunnel is completed and during operation, a cleaning robot is placed in the inspection well for sections where blockage occurs, and the cleaning robot is operated in the tunnel to move and work in the longitudinal drainage pipe to inspect and clear the longitudinal drainage pipe. The method is easy to implement and simple to operate, and effectively solves the problem of blockage of the tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe.

[0071] The tunnel drainage method in the above embodiment, for an already built tunnel, utilizes a prefabricated inspection well constructed simultaneously, which has a fast construction speed and can effectively ensure quality, facilitates the inspection and dredging of the tunnel's longitudinal drainage pipes, and is simple and convenient to construct; the use of a cleaning robot for inspection and dredging can adapt to the complex situation of blockages in the longitudinal drainage pipes and increase the coverage length of the cleaning work; the above embodiment of the present invention solves the drainage problem without damaging the secondary lining structure of the main tunnel by setting up a prefabricated inspection well, which is beneficial to the safety of the tunnel structure.

[0072] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims without affecting the essence of the present invention. The above preferred features may be used in any combination as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Claims

1. A tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge, characterized in that: include: Multiple inspection wells are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, arranged at positions corresponding to the longitudinal drainage pipes. The inspection wells are of assembled structure, and side covers are provided at the inner openings of the inspection wells. The side covers can slide along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The inspection wells are provided with reserved holes on both sides of the longitudinal drainage pipes in the length direction, and the reserved holes are connected to the longitudinal drainage pipes. The cleaning robot is arranged inside the inspection well. The cleaning robot is located in the inspection well adjacent to the longitudinal drainage pipe section to be inspected and dredged.

2. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent inspection wells along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is 1000m, and multiple inspection wells are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel.

3. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inspection well includes block A, block C and multiple blocks B, the block A and the block C are symmetrically arranged, and the multiple blocks B are located between the block A and the block C. The inspection well is a rectangular structure with a cavity, and an opening is formed on one side of the length direction of the rectangular structure, and the side cover plate covers the opening.

4. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The A block includes a top A, a bottom A, a first side wall A, a second side wall A and a third side wall A, the first side wall A is located at the end of the inspection well, and the second side wall A is opposite to the third side wall A; the area of ​​the bottom A is larger than the area of ​​the top A, the height of the third side wall A is smaller than the height of the second side wall A, and the opening is formed between the top of the third side wall A and the top A.

5. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The B block includes a top B, a bottom B, a first side wall B and a second side wall B, the first side wall B is opposite to the second side wall B, the area of ​​the bottom B is larger than the area of ​​the top B, the height of the second side wall B is smaller than the area of ​​the first height B, and the opening is formed between the top of the second side wall B and the top B; the side of the B block is the same in shape and size as the side of the A block away from the end of the inspection well.

6. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The contact surfaces between the A block and the B block, between the C block and the B block, and between two adjacent B blocks are connected by bolts.

7. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The contact surfaces between the A block and the B block, between the C block and the B block, and between two adjacent B blocks are provided with sealing gasket grooves for pasting sealing gaskets, and a water-stop sealing gasket is provided near the outside of the inspection well.

8. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A movable bracket with an automatic lifting function is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning robot.

9. The tunnel drainage system that is easy to inspect and dredge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a control device, which is connected to the cleaning robot.

10. A tunnel drainage method that is easy to inspect and dredge, characterized in that: include: Construction of inspection wells is synchronized with the tunnel support structure; After the tunnel is completed and put into operation, for the longitudinal drainage pipe section to be inspected and dredged, select the adjacent inspection well, open the side cover of the inspection well, and place the cleaning robot into the inspection well; Use cleaning robots to inspect and dredge the longitudinal drainage pipe sections that need to be inspected and dredged; The cleaning robot was taken out, the side cover of the inspection well was closed, and the tunnel resumed normal operation.

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