Charging method and apparatus, and device, storage medium, vehicle and computer program product

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a charging method and apparatus, and a device, a storage medium and a vehicle. The method comprises: during an nth charging cycle, acquiring a first charging duration during which a battery is charged from an SOC of 0% to an SOC of 100%; when the first charging duration is greater than a second charging duration, acquiring a target voltage during an (N+1)th charging cycle, wherein the target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cut-off voltages defined in an original charging policy; acquiring a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage; and when the theoretical SOC is less than a target SOC, performing staged charging on the battery by taking SOCs respectively corresponding to the plurality of charging cut-off voltages in the original charging policy as charging cut-off conditions in a plurality of charging stages after the target voltage. According to the charging method in the embodiments of the present application, a charging duration of a battery relative to the previous charging cycle can be reduced, such that the charging duration of the battery is prevented from becoming longer and longer, thereby improving the experience of a user using the battery.

Description

Charging method, device, equipment, storage medium, vehicle and computer program product

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on August 8, 2023, with application number 202310994675.1 and application name “Charging method, device, equipment, storage medium and vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of battery technology and relates to, but is not limited to, a charging method, device, equipment, storage medium, vehicle, and computer program product. Background Art

[0004] Currently, batteries can be charged in stages according to charging strategies. During the staged charging process, the cutoff condition for each stage of charging is that the voltage in the battery reaches the voltage value specified in the charging strategy. In practice, as the number of battery charging cycles increases, the battery's positive and negative electrodes will degrade and the loss of active lithium will increase. Therefore, in related technologies, as the battery ages, the charging current / charge rate is usually reduced to avoid lithium plating and ensure battery safety.

[0005] However, as the battery ages, its impedance increases, causing it to reach the voltage specified in the charging strategy more quickly under the same charging rate conditions. For example, during staged charging, a schematic diagram comparing cycle data with voltage as the cutoff condition can be shown in Figure 1. Because the charge rate is reduced each time a voltage value is reached during staged charging, the time required to charge at a lower charge rate is extended, resulting in longer charging times for the battery, affecting the user experience.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, vehicle and computer program product, which can reduce the charging time of the battery relative to the previous charging cycle, avoid the battery charging time becoming longer and longer, and improve the user experience of the battery.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging method, the method comprising:

[0009] During the nth charging cycle, obtaining a first charging time for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0010] When the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the (n+1)th charging cycle, obtaining a target voltage, where the target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cut-off voltages defined in the original charging strategy, and the second charging time is a charging time for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle;

[0011] Obtaining a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0012] When the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, the battery is charged in stages in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, with the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, and the target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

[0013] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, the method further includes:

[0014] When the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, the target voltage is increased, and the process of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is returned to execution until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC.

[0015] In a possible implementation, after charging the battery in stages using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charge cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charge cut-off conditions, the method further includes:

[0016] Obtaining a third charging duration, where the third charging duration is a charging duration for the battery to be charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle;

[0017] When the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, in the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery is charged in stages with the SOC as a charging cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, until the number of charging cycles reaches a preset number or the charging time exceeds the second charging time;

[0018] Return and execute the step of obtaining the target voltage.

[0019] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the third charging duration, the method further includes:

[0020] When the third charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the target voltage is reduced, and the process of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is returned to execution until the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time.

[0021] In a possible implementation, in the multiple charging stages after the target voltage, charging the battery in stages using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions includes:

[0022] Obtaining a first charging rate corresponding to a target charging stage, wherein the target charging stage is any one of a plurality of charging stages after the target voltage;

[0023] increasing the first charge rate to a second charge rate, where the second charge rate is no greater than a target lithium deposition window corresponding to the target charging stage, where the target lithium deposition window represents a maximum rate at which the battery can be normally charged during the target charging stage during the (n+1)th charging cycle;

[0024] The SOC corresponding to the charging cut-off voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy is used as a charging cut-off condition, and the battery is charged at the second charging rate in the target charging stage.

[0025] In a possible implementation, after charging the battery in stages in the multiple charging stages after the target voltage using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, the method further includes:

[0026] Performing lithium deposition detection on the battery;

[0027] When the battery is in a lithium deposition state, the charging rate corresponding to the lithium deposition state is reduced to restore the battery to a normal state.

[0028] In a possible implementation, obtaining a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage includes:

[0029] Acquire a first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, where the first voltage is a voltage generated by the battery during polarization;

[0030] calculating a difference between the target voltage and the first voltage to obtain a second voltage, where the second voltage is a voltage of the battery corresponding to the target voltage when the battery is not polarized;

[0031] According to a preset correspondence relationship between the second voltage and the SOC, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage is determined, and a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is obtained.

[0032] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging device, the device comprising:

[0033] A first acquiring part is used to acquire a first charging time of the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during an nth charging cycle, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0034] a second acquiring part, configured to acquire, during an (n+1)th charging cycle, a target voltage when the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, the target voltage being any one of a plurality of charging cut-off voltages defined in the original charging strategy, and the second charging time being a charging time for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle;

[0035] A third obtaining part is used to obtain a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0036] The first charging part is used to charge the battery in stages in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, and the target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

[0037] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions;

[0038] When the processor executes the computer program instructions stored in the memory, any possible charging method in the first aspect described above is implemented.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, any possible charging method described in the first aspect above is implemented.

[0040] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising at least one of the following:

[0041] The charging device according to any one of the embodiments of the second aspect;

[0042] The electronic device according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect;

[0043] A computer-readable storage medium as in any embodiment of the fourth aspect.

[0044] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, comprising computer executable instructions or a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any possible charging method in the first aspect.

[0045] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0048] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of cycle data comparison with a voltage value as a cutoff condition during a staged charging process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing a change in negative electrode OCV with SOC according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing how negative electrode impedance varies with the number of battery charging cycles provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a lithium deposition window corresponding to a battery in different states provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG6 is a schematic flow chart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0059] In the application examples, lithium plating refers to the phenomenon that lithium is deposited on the surface of the negative electrode in the form of a metallic element, rather than being embedded in the negative electrode layers in the form of lithium ions.

[0060] State of Charge (SOC): also known as remaining capacity, represents the ratio of the remaining capacity of a battery after a period of use or long-term storage to its capacity in a fully charged state, usually expressed as a percentage.

[0061] Aging factor (State of Health, SOH): Battery capacity, health, and performance status are the ratio of the capacity released by the battery when it is discharged from a fully charged state at a certain rate to the cut-off voltage to its corresponding nominal capacity, that is, the ratio of the performance parameters of the battery after a period of use to the nominal parameters. It can be understood as the battery's maximum capacity.

[0062] Charging strategy: A table of performance parameters that the battery relies on during charging. It consists of three components: temperature, SOC range (voltage range), and charge rate. The charging strategy characterizes the relationship between temperature, SOC range (voltage range), and charge rate.

[0063] Lithium plating window: The maximum rate at which the battery can be charged in stages at different temperatures without plating lithium.

[0064] As described in the background technology section, in related art, as the battery ages (the number of battery charging cycles increases), the charging current is usually reduced to avoid lithium plating and ensure battery safety.

[0065] But in fact, as shown in Figure 2, during the charging cycle, the consumption of active lithium will cause the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the negative electrode to rise. In addition, as shown in Figure 3, during the charging cycle, the negative electrode plate will continue to expand, thereby significantly reducing the diffusion impedance Rcp of the negative electrode, resulting in a decrease in the negative electrode impedance. That is, during the charging cycle, as the negative electrode OCV increases and the impedance decreases, the rechargeable current of the battery increases. In this way, in fact, as the number of cycles increases, the lithium plating window of the battery will increase. For example, by conducting a comprehensive physical examination of the battery at the beginning of its life, that is, the beginning of life (BOL) test, the lithium plating window corresponding to the battery in the BOL state can be determined. By testing the battery at a 95% aging coefficient, the lithium plating window corresponding to the battery at 95% SOH can be determined. A schematic diagram of the lithium plating window corresponding to batteries in different states can be shown in Figure 4.

[0066] Based on this, in order to solve related technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a charging method, device, equipment, storage medium, vehicle and computer program product.

[0067] The following first introduces the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0068] FIG5 is a flow chart showing a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG5 , the charging method according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0069] S510 , during an nth charging cycle, obtaining a first charging time for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0070] S520: When the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the (n+1)th charging cycle, obtain a target voltage, where the target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy, and the second charging time is the charging time for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle;

[0071] S530, obtaining a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0072] S540. When the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, the battery is charged in stages in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, with the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cut-off conditions. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

[0073] The charging method of the embodiment of the present application obtains the target voltage and its corresponding theoretical SOC during the n+1th charging cycle when the first charging duration is greater than the second charging duration, thereby determining the relationship between the theoretical SOC and the target SOC, and then determining whether the charging strategy needs to be adjusted based on the aforementioned relationship. By charging the battery in stages after the target voltage when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, using the SOC corresponding to multiple cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as cutoff conditions, compared to always charging the battery in stages using voltage as the cutoff condition, the charging rate can be reduced at a slower frequency, extending the time for charging at a higher charging rate, and thus making the charging time of the battery in the n+1th charging cycle shorter than the charging time in the nth charging cycle. Thus, through the embodiment of the present application, the charging time of the battery can be reduced relative to the previous charging cycle, preventing the battery charging time from becoming increasingly longer, and improving the user experience of the battery.

[0074] The specific implementation methods of the above steps are introduced below.

[0075] In some embodiments, in S510, the first charging duration may be the duration of charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the nth charging cycle according to the original charging strategy. In the original charging strategy, the charging cutoff condition for each charging stage is that the voltage value in the battery reaches the voltage value specified in the charging strategy (i.e., the charging cutoff voltage).

[0076] There may be a corresponding relationship between the number of charging cycles of a battery and the aging state of the battery. That is, during the nth charging cycle, the corresponding aging coefficient of the battery may be X% SOH. Thus, the charging time for charging a battery with X% SOH from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy may be the first charging time. In addition, one aging state may correspond to multiple charging cycles. That is, during the n+1th charging cycle, the corresponding aging coefficient of the battery may be X% SOH. Thus, during the n+1th charging cycle, the charging time for charging a battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy may be the first charging time.

[0077] In some embodiments, in S520, the second charging duration may be a charging duration for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy during the first charging cycle. The first charging cycle may correspond to the battery's BOL state (100% SOH).

[0078] In addition, in some application scenarios, the target voltage can be any one of the multiple charging cut-off voltages defined in the original charging strategy. In other application scenarios, the target voltage can be the voltage obtained by monitoring the charging voltage of the battery during the battery charging process, that is, during the battery charging process, the battery voltage is continuously monitored, and when the battery voltage reaches any one of the multiple charging cut-off voltages defined in the original charging strategy, the charging voltage when the battery voltage reaches the charging cut-off voltage can be determined as the target voltage. Exemplarily, the multiple charging cut-off voltages defined in the original charging strategy can be recorded as U1, U2...Uk, and the target voltage can be recorded as Um, where k and m are both positive integers. It should be further explained that in the original charging strategy, the multiple charging cut-off voltages U1, U2...Uk are respectively set with corresponding charging rates, and the charging rates can be recorded as C1, C2...Ck in sequence.

[0079] As an example, if the first charging duration is equal to the second charging duration, the battery can continue to be charged according to the original charging strategy during the (n+1)th charging cycle. If the first charging duration is greater than the second charging duration, the original charging strategy can be adjusted based on the target voltage to reduce the charging duration.

[0080] In some embodiments, in S530, the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage may be an SOC determined based on a charging strategy. It should be noted that the battery voltage and SOC may be continuously monitored during charging. However, because the battery typically polarizes during charging, the monitored voltage and SOC may differ from the voltage and SOC defined in the charging strategy.

[0081] Based on this, in order to accurately determine the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, in some embodiments, the above S530 may specifically include:

[0082] Obtaining a first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, where the first voltage is a voltage generated by the battery during polarization;

[0083] Calculating a difference between the target voltage and the first voltage to obtain a second voltage, where the second voltage is a voltage of the battery corresponding to the target voltage when the battery is not polarized;

[0084] According to the preset correspondence relationship between the second voltage and the SOC, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage is determined, and a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is obtained.

[0085] Here, if the target voltage is denoted as Um, the first voltage can be the product of Im and Rm. Both Im and Rm can be obtained by looking up a table. Specifically, the charging strategy table can include the corresponding relationships between temperature, rate, voltage, and SOC. Since temperature, voltage, and SOC can all be monitored, the rate corresponding to the target voltage can be determined. Since there is a one-to-one correspondence between rate and current, the Im corresponding to the target voltage can also be determined. Alternatively, the impedance table can include the corresponding relationships between temperature, rate, resistance, and SOC. By looking up the impedance table for the impedance corresponding to each of the aforementioned temperature, rate, and SOC, Rm can be obtained. Thus, after determining Im and Rm, the first voltage generated by the battery during polarization can be calculated by multiplying Im and Rm. Then, by calculating the difference between the target voltage and the first voltage, the second voltage corresponding to the battery in the unpolarized state can be obtained. Specifically, if the second voltage is denoted as OCVm, the second voltage can be calculated using the formula: OCVm = Um - Im*Rm. Since a one-to-one correspondence between the second voltage and the SOC has been preset, after determining the second voltage, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage can be determined based on the preset one-to-one correspondence between the second voltage and the SOC, and then the SOC corresponding to the target voltage determined in the charging strategy is corrected based on the SOC corresponding to the second voltage, thereby obtaining a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, that is, the SOC corresponding to the target voltage when the battery is not polarized.

[0086] In this way, by calculating the second voltage corresponding to the target voltage when the battery is not polarized and determining the SOC corresponding to the second voltage as the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage can be accurately determined.

[0087] In some embodiments, in S540, the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charge cutoff voltages may be the charge cutoff SOCs. If the battery has not aged, when the battery reaches the target voltage and jumps to the next charge stage, the SOC of the battery may be exactly the SOC corresponding to the target voltage.

[0088] Based on this, if the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, it can be determined that the battery's charging capacity was not fully utilized in the charging stage corresponding to the target voltage. That is, in the multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the charge cutoff SOC corresponding to the charge cutoff voltage has not been reached when the battery transitions to the next charging stage upon reaching the charge cutoff voltage. Therefore, if the battery is still charged in stages using voltage as the cutoff condition in the multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the charge rate will be reduced at a faster rate, resulting in a longer charging time at the lower charge rate. In fact, in the multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the time to reach the charge cutoff SOC can be longer than the time to reach the charge cutoff voltage in each charging stage. Therefore, in the multiple charging stages after the target voltage, using SOC as the charge cutoff condition for staged charging can reduce the charge rate at a slower rate than using voltage as the cutoff condition, extending the time spent charging at the higher charge rate. This can result in the battery charging time in the (n+1)th charging cycle being shorter than the charging time in the nth charging cycle. That is, if the charging time of the battery in the (n+1)th charging cycle is recorded as the third charging time, the third charging time can be less than the first charging time, thereby avoiding the battery charging time from becoming longer and longer, and improving the user's battery experience.

[0089] Based on this, in order to further improve charging efficiency and reduce charging time, in some embodiments, the above S540 may specifically include:

[0090] Obtaining a first charging rate corresponding to a target charging stage, where the target charging stage is any one of a plurality of charging stages after a target voltage;

[0091] Increasing the first charging rate to a second charging rate, where the second charging rate is no greater than a target lithium deposition window corresponding to a target charging stage, where the target lithium deposition window represents a maximum rate at which the battery can be normally charged during the target charging stage during the (n+1)th charging cycle;

[0092] The SOC corresponding to the charging cut-off voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy is used as the charging cut-off condition, and the battery is charged at the second charging rate in the target charging stage.

[0093] Here, as shown in Figure 4, different charging stages may correspond to different lithium plating windows. The first charging rate may be the charging rate corresponding to the target charging stage in the original charging strategy. That is, in order to reduce the charging time of the battery, not only can the charging be changed to be based on the SOC as the cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, but the charging rate corresponding to each charging stage can also be increased at the same time to further improve the charging efficiency and reduce the charging time. It should be noted that in order to avoid the occurrence of lithium plating due to the increase in the charging rate, the second charging rate may not be greater than the target lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage.

[0094] As an example, as mentioned above, when the battery ages from 100% SOH to X% SOH, the lithium precipitation window will widen. If the widening coefficient of the lithium precipitation window is recorded as a, the battery is in the BOL state (100% SOH), and the lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target charging stage is recorded as d1, and the battery is in X% SOH, and the lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target charging stage is recorded as d2, then the widening coefficient can be: a = (d2-d1) / d1. In this way, increasing the first charge rate to the second charge rate can specifically be increasing the first charge rate by b (1 < b < a) times the original to obtain a second charge rate that is not greater than the target lithium precipitation window.

[0095] In this way, by increasing the first charging rate to the second charging rate in multiple charging stages after the target charging stage reaches the target voltage, the charging efficiency can be further improved and the charging time can be reduced.

[0096] If charging is performed in stages based solely on SOC as the cutoff condition, the risk of lithium plating is high. If charging is performed in stages based solely on voltage as the cutoff condition, the charging time will continue to increase as the battery ages, affecting the user experience. Therefore, in order to determine a reasonable charging strategy and improve the user experience, in some embodiments, after the above S530, the following steps may also be included:

[0097] When the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, the target voltage is increased, and the process returns to acquiring the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC.

[0098] Here, if the first charging duration is greater than the second charging duration and the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, then in multiple charging stages following the target voltage corresponding to the theoretical SOC, staged charging can continue with voltage as the cutoff condition. Simultaneously, the value corresponding to the target voltage can be increased, and the above steps can be repeated until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC. If the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, then in multiple charging stages following the target voltage corresponding to the theoretical SOC, staged charging can continue with SOC as the cutoff condition.

[0099] In this way, by increasing the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC when the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, a reasonable starting charging stage for staged charging with SOC as the cutoff condition can be determined, and then a reasonable charging strategy can be determined to improve user experience.

[0100] Based on this, in order to ensure that the charging time is stable within a reasonable charging time, avoid the battery charging time from becoming longer and longer, and improve the user's battery usage experience, in some embodiments, after the above S540, the following may also be included:

[0101] Obtain a third charging time, where the third charging time is the charging time for the battery to be charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle;

[0102] When the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, in the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery is charged in stages in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, with the SOC as the charging cut-off condition, until the number of charging cycles reaches a preset number or the charging time exceeds the second charging time;

[0103] Return to execute Get target voltage.

[0104] Here, since the third charging duration is the charging duration for charging a battery with X% SOH from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the adjusted charging strategy, and the first charging duration is the charging duration for charging a battery with X% SOH from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy, the third charging duration may be shorter than the first charging duration. Furthermore, since the second charging duration is the charging duration for charging a battery with 100% SOH from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy, the third charging duration may or may not be longer than the second charging duration.

[0105] As an example, the battery charging duration can be the same within several adjacent charging cycles. Therefore, if the third charging duration is not greater than the second charging duration, the battery can be charged in stages according to the adjusted charging strategy during the charging cycles after the (n+1)th charging cycle until the number of charging cycles reaches the preset number, at which time the charging strategy can be readjusted.

[0106] As another example, if the third charging duration is not greater than the second charging duration, then during the charging cycles after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery can be charged in stages according to the above-adjusted charging strategy, and the corresponding charging duration for each charging cycle is recorded. If the charging duration is greater than the second charging duration, the charging strategy can be readjusted.

[0107] In this way, by re-adjusting the charging strategy when the number of charging cycles of the battery reaches a preset number or the charging time is greater than the second charging time, the charging strategy can be ensured to be stable within a reasonable charging time, thereby avoiding the battery charging time becoming longer and longer, and improving the user's battery experience.

[0108] Based on this, in order to further reduce the charging time and improve the user experience, in some embodiments, after obtaining the third charging time, the following steps may also be performed:

[0109] When the third charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the target voltage is reduced, and the process returns to obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time.

[0110] Here, if the third charging duration is greater than the second charging duration, the charging strategy can be adjusted further to further reduce the charging duration. Specifically, if the third charging duration is greater than the second charging duration, the theoretical SOC may have been less than the target SOC during the charging phase before the current target voltage. Therefore, during the (n+2)th charging cycle, the value corresponding to the target voltage can be reduced, and the process can be returned to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage. If the third charging duration is still greater than the second charging duration, the value corresponding to the target voltage can be further reduced during the (n+3)th charging cycle, and the process can be returned to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, until the third charging duration is no greater than the second charging duration.

[0111] In this way, by continuing to adjust the charging strategy when the third charging time is longer than the second charging time, the charging time can be further reduced and the user experience can be improved.

[0112] Based on this, in order to ensure the charging safety of the battery, in some embodiments, after the above S540, the following steps may be further included:

[0113] Conduct lithium deposition test on the battery;

[0114] When the battery is in a lithium deposition state, the charge rate corresponding to the lithium deposition state is reduced to restore the battery to a normal state.

[0115] Here, after each adjustment of the charging strategy, during the next charging cycle according to the adjusted charging strategy, the battery can be tested for lithium plating to determine whether a lithium plating signal is generated. In the case where the battery generates a lithium plating signal, the charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating state can be reduced to reduce the charging current and restore the battery to a normal state. Among them, the lithium plating detection of the battery can specifically be an impedance test of the battery. When the degree of impedance drop is greater than a preset threshold, it is determined that the battery is in a lithium plating state. If the battery does not generate a lithium plating signal, it can be determined that the adjusted charging strategy is a feasible charging strategy.

[0116] In this way, by performing lithium deposition detection on the battery, when the battery is in a lithium deposition state, the charging rate corresponding to the lithium deposition state is reduced, thereby ensuring the charging safety of the battery.

[0117] Based on this, in order to better describe the entire solution, some specific examples are given based on the above embodiments.

[0118] For example, as shown in FIG6 , an embodiment of the present application provides a charging method that may include the following steps:

[0119] S61. Obtain a first charging duration for charging a battery with X% SOH in stages according to an original charging strategy;

[0120] S62, determining whether the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, if so, executing S64, if not, executing S63;

[0121] S63, continue to charge the battery with X% SOH in stages according to the original charging strategy;

[0122] S64, extracting the voltages U1, U2, ..., Uk corresponding to each jump of C1, C2, ..., Ck during the charging process of the battery with X% SOH;

[0123] S65. Select any voltage Um from U1, U2, ..., Uk, and obtain the theoretical SOCm corresponding to Um;

[0124] S66: adopting a voltage jump strategy in the charging stage before Um, and adopting an SOC jump strategy in the charging stage after Um, and increasing the charging rate by b (1 < b < a) times the original, and obtaining a third charging time;

[0125] S67, determining whether the third charging time is greater than the second charging time, if so, executing S68, if not, executing S69;

[0126] S68, reduce Um;

[0127] S69. During the next charging cycle, perform a lithium deposition test on the battery;

[0128] S610, determining whether a lithium deposition signal is generated, if so, executing S611, if not, executing S612;

[0129] S611, reduce b;

[0130] S612: Determine that the adjusted charging strategy is a feasible charging strategy.

[0131] Thus, by combining the changing characteristics of the charging window (lithium deposition window) during the aging process of the battery (battery cell) and the application of the charging strategy, that is, by adjusting the charging cutoff conditions in the later stage of the cycle, the SOC in the second half adopts the SOC cutoff rather than the voltage cutoff, and the charging rate is increased according to the charging window widening coefficient after the aging of the battery cell, so that the battery charging speed is not reduced or even improved. The purpose of the charging speed can be achieved. In addition, in order to avoid the risk of overcharging and battery lithium deposition caused by inaccurate SOC control, the charging strategy can be adjusted in real time by performing lithium deposition detection on the battery to avoid lithium deposition. In this way, through the embodiments of the present application, the charging capacity of the battery can be fully utilized, the charging speed during the cycle can be improved, and the user experience can be improved.

[0132] Based on the charging method provided in the above embodiment, the present application also provides a specific implementation of a charging device. Please refer to the following embodiment.

[0133] As shown in FIG7 , the charging device 700 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following parts:

[0134] A first obtaining part 710 is used to obtain a first charging time duration of charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during an nth charging cycle, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0135] A second acquiring portion 720 is configured to acquire a target voltage during the (n+1)th charging cycle if the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, where the target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy, and the second charging time is the charging time for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle;

[0136] The third acquiring part 730 is used to acquire a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0137] The first charging part 740 is used to charge the battery in stages in multiple charging stages after the target voltage when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, using the SOC corresponding to multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

[0138] The charging device 700 is described in detail below.

[0139] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0140] The increasing part is used to increase the target voltage after obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage and return to executing the acquisition of the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC if the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC.

[0141] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0142] a fourth obtaining part, configured to obtain a third charging duration after charging the battery in stages using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, the third charging duration being the charging duration for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle;

[0143] a second charging portion, configured to, if the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, charge the battery in stages in a plurality of charging stages after the target voltage in a charging process after the (n+1)th charging cycle, using the SOC as a charging cutoff condition, until the number of charging cycles reaches a preset number or the charging time exceeds the second charging time;

[0144] The execution part is used to return to execute and obtain the target voltage.

[0145] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0146] The first reduction part is used to reduce the target voltage during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle after obtaining the third charging time and return to executing the acquisition of the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time.

[0147] In some embodiments, the first charging portion 740 may specifically include:

[0148] A first acquisition subsection is configured to acquire a first charging rate corresponding to a target charging stage, where the target charging stage is any one of a plurality of charging stages after a target voltage;

[0149] an increasing subsection, configured to increase the first charging rate to a second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is no greater than a target lithium deposition window corresponding to a target charging stage, wherein the target lithium deposition window represents a maximum rate at which the battery can be normally charged during the target charging stage during an (n+1)th charging cycle;

[0150] The charging sub-section is used to charge the battery in the target charging stage at a second charging rate using the SOC corresponding to the charging cut-off voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy as a charging cut-off condition.

[0151] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0152] The detection part is used to perform lithium plating detection on the battery after charging the battery in stages in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, using the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cut-off conditions;

[0153] The second reducing part is used to reduce the charging rate corresponding to the lithium deposition state when the battery is in the lithium deposition state, so as to restore the battery to a normal state.

[0154] In some embodiments, the third obtaining portion 730 may specifically include:

[0155] A second acquisition sub-section is used to acquire a first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, where the first voltage is a voltage generated by the battery during polarization;

[0156] a calculation sub-section, configured to calculate a difference between the target voltage and the first voltage to obtain a second voltage, where the second voltage is a voltage of the battery corresponding to the target voltage when the battery is not polarized;

[0157] The determination sub-part is used to determine the SOC corresponding to the second voltage according to the preset corresponding relationship between the second voltage and the SOC, and obtain a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage.

[0158] The charging device of the present invention, when the first charging duration is greater than the second charging duration, obtains the target voltage and its corresponding theoretical SOC during the n+1th charging cycle. This determines the relationship between the theoretical SOC and the target SOC, and further determines whether the charging strategy needs to be adjusted based on this relationship. By charging the battery in stages after the target voltage, using the SOC corresponding to each of the multiple cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as cutoff conditions when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, this reduces the charging rate at a slower frequency, prolonging the time spent charging at a higher charging rate, and thereby making the charging time of the battery in the n+1th charging cycle shorter than the charging time in the nth charging cycle. Thus, the present invention reduces the charging time of the battery relative to the previous charging cycle, preventing the battery from taking on increasingly longer charging times, and improving the user experience of the battery.

[0159] Based on the charging method provided in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a specific implementation of an electronic device. Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device 800 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0160] The electronic device 800 may include a processor 810 and a memory 820 storing computer program instructions.

[0161] Specifically, the processor 810 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application.

[0162] The memory 820 may include a large capacity memory for data or instructions. By way of example and not limitation, the memory 820 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, the memory 820 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, the memory 820 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a specific embodiment, the memory 820 is a non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0163] The memory may include a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical or other physical / tangible memory storage device. Thus, generally, the memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., a memory device) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the method according to the first aspect of the present application.

[0164] The processor 810 implements any one of the charging methods in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 820 .

[0165] In one example, the electronic device 800 may further include a communication interface 830 and a bus 840. As shown in FIG8 , the processor 810, the memory 820, and the communication interface 830 are connected via the bus 840 and communicate with each other.

[0166] The communication interface 830 is mainly used to implement communication between various devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of the present application.

[0167] Bus 840 comprises hardware, software or both, couples the parts of electronic equipment to each other.For example, and not limitation, bus can comprise accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other graphics bus, enhanced industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, front side bus (FSB), hypertransport (HT) interconnection, industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, infinite bandwidth interconnection, low pin count (LPC) bus, memory bus, micro channel architecture (MCA) bus, peripheral component interconnection (PCI) bus, PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, video electronics standard association local (VLB) bus or other suitable bus or two or more of these combinations.In suitable cases, bus 840 can comprise one or more buses.Although the present application embodiment describes and shows specific bus, the application considers any suitable bus or interconnection.

[0168] Illustratively, the electronic device 800 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, an in-vehicle electronic device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, or a personal digital assistant (PDA).

[0169] The electronic device can execute the charging method in the embodiment of the present application, thereby realizing the charging method and device described in combination with Figures 5 to 7.

[0170] In addition, in conjunction with the charging method in the above embodiments, the present application may provide a computer-readable storage medium for implementation. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, any one of the charging methods in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0171] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which may include at least one of the following:

[0172] The charging device according to any one of the embodiments of the second aspect;

[0173] The electronic device according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect;

[0174] As the computer-readable storage medium in any embodiment of the fourth aspect, no further details will be given here.

[0175] In addition, in combination with the charging method in the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present application may provide a computer program product, including a computer program, which may be executed by a processor of an electronic device or a vehicle to implement any one of the charging methods in the above embodiments.

[0176] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and illustrated in the figures. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and illustrated as examples. However, the method process of the present application is not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of the steps after understanding the spirit of the present application.

[0177] The functional blocks shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium that can store or transmit information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROMs, flash memories, erasable ROMs (EROMs), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0178] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps. In other words, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0179] Aspects of the present application have been described above with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine so that these instructions executed via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device enable the implementation of the function / action specified in one or more boxes of the flowchart and / or block diagram. This processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor or a field programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each box in the block diagram and / or the flowchart and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram and / or the flowchart can also be implemented by the dedicated hardware that performs the specified function or action, or can be implemented by the combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0180] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Industrial Applicability

[0181] The present application discloses a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and vehicle. The method includes: obtaining a first charging time for charging a battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the nth charging cycle; obtaining a target voltage during the n+1th charging cycle when the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, the target voltage being any one of multiple charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy; obtaining a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage; and, when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, charging the battery in stages using the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cutoff conditions in multiple charging stages after the target voltage. The charging method according to an embodiment of the present application can reduce the charging time of the battery relative to the previous charging cycle, avoid the battery charging time from becoming longer and longer, and improve the user experience of the battery.

Claims

1. A charging method, comprising: During the nth charging cycle, obtaining a first charging time of the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC, where n is a positive integer greater than 1; When the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the n+1th charging cycle, a target voltage is obtained, where the target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cut-off voltages defined in the original charging strategy, and the second charging time is the charging time for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle; Obtaining a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage; When the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the battery is charged in stages using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, and the target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: After obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, the method further includes: When the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, the target voltage is increased, and the step of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is returned to execution until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: After charging the battery in stages by using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, the method further includes: Obtaining a third charging duration, where the third charging duration is a charging duration for charging the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the n+1th charging cycle; When the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, in the charging cycle after the n+1th charging cycle, the battery is charged in stages with the SOC as the charging cut-off condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, until the number of charging cycles reaches a preset number or the charging time is greater than the second charging time; Return to execute the step of obtaining the target voltage.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: After obtaining the third charging duration, the method further includes: When the third charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the n+1th charging cycle, the target voltage is reduced, and the process of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is returned to execution until the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The multiple charging stages after the target voltage, charging the battery in stages using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, include: Acquire a first charging rate corresponding to a target charging stage, wherein the target charging stage is any one of a plurality of charging stages after the target voltage; Increasing the first charging rate to a second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is no greater than a target lithium precipitation window corresponding to the target charging stage, wherein the target lithium precipitation window represents a maximum rate at which the battery is normally charged during the target charging stage during the n+1th charging cycle; The SOC corresponding to the charging cut-off voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy is used as a charging cut-off condition, and the battery is charged at the target charging stage at the second charging rate.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: After charging the battery in stages in the multiple charging stages after the target voltage using the SOCs corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, the method further includes: Performing lithium deposition detection on the battery; When the battery is in a lithium deposition state, the charging rate corresponding to the lithium deposition state is reduced to restore the battery to a normal state.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The obtaining of a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage includes: Acquire a first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, where the first voltage is a voltage generated by the battery during polarization; Calculating a difference between the target voltage and the first voltage to obtain a second voltage, where the second voltage is a voltage of the battery corresponding to the target voltage when the battery is not polarized; According to the corresponding relationship between the preset second voltage and the SOC, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage is determined, and a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is obtained.

8. A charging device, comprising: A first acquisition part is used to acquire a first charging time of the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during an nth charging cycle, where n is a positive integer greater than 1; A second acquisition part is used to acquire a target voltage during the n+1th charging cycle when the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, wherein the target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cut-off voltages defined in the original charging strategy, and the second charging time is the charging time during the first charging cycle when the battery is charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC; A third acquisition part, used for acquiring a theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage; The first charging part is used to charge the battery in stages in a plurality of charging stages after the target voltage, when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, with the SOCs corresponding to the plurality of charging cut-off voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cut-off conditions, and the target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

9. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; When the processor executes the computer program instructions, the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein computer program instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

11. A vehicle comprising at least one of the following: The charging device as claimed in claim 8; The electronic device as claimed in claim 9; The computer readable storage medium of claim 10.

12. A computer program product, comprising computer executable instructions or a computer program, wherein the computer executable instructions or the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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