Reaction module, sample preparation system, sample preparation method, and biochemical substance analysis system

Abstract

A reaction module, a sample preparation system, a sample preparation method, and a biochemical substance analysis system. The sample preparation system comprises a fluid storage module, a fluid distribution module, a fluid driving module and a reaction module, wherein the fluid storage module is used for storing a fluid; the reaction module has a reaction flow channel, and the reaction flow channel is in communication with both the fluid distribution module and the fluid driving module; the fluid driving module is used for generating a pressure gradient, so that the fluid in the fluid storage module is transferred to the reaction flow channel via the fluid distribution module; and the reaction module is used for executing a biochemical reaction of the fluid. In the present application, by means of the collaborative operation of the fluid storage module, the fluid distribution module, the fluid driving module and the reaction module, transfer / mixing and a biochemical reaction of the fluid are performed, thereby implementing one-stop automatic sample preparation. The present application involves a simple process, has high levels of efficiency and a relatively small amount of fluid loss, reduces cost, and has a high biochemical reaction quality.

Description

Reaction module, sample preparation system, sample preparation method and biochemical substance analysis system Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biochemical substance analysis, and in particular to a reaction module, a sample preparation system, a sample preparation method, and a biochemical substance analysis system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology and the gradual expansion of the sequencing market, more manpower and time are required to complete sample preparation. To address these issues, a number of automated sample preparation devices have emerged, such as automated pipetting workstations that integrate functions such as quantitative pipetting, mixing, PCR reactions, and temperature control. However, these sample preparation systems integrate too many automated devices and require high operational complexity and expertise. The equipment purchase cost, management cost, and personnel training cost are very high. At the same time, the system is large in size, which also poses challenges to laboratory space utilization. In addition, this sample preparation system is difficult to directly integrate with existing gene sequencers.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to address the above deficiencies of the prior art, it is necessary to provide a reaction module, and an automated, integrated, and miniaturized sample preparation system and sample preparation method using the reaction module.

[0005] In addition, the embodiments of the present application also provide a biochemical substance analysis system using the sample preparation system.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a reaction module, wherein the reaction module includes a fluid reaction structure, and a reaction channel is provided on the fluid reaction structure.

[0007] In some possible embodiments, the reaction channel is bent and arranged on the fluid reaction structure.

[0008] In some possible embodiments, the fluid reaction structure includes a substrate and a groove formed on the substrate, a hollow reaction pipeline is provided in the groove, and the hollow portion of the reaction pipeline constitutes the reaction channel.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, along the thickness direction of the substrate, the depth of the groove is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the reaction pipeline.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, the reaction pipeline is detachably disposed in the groove.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, the fluid reaction structure includes a stacked substrate and a cover plate, wherein a groove is formed on the substrate, and a surface of the cover plate close to the substrate is sealed to the substrate so that the groove forms the reaction channel;

[0012] Alternatively, the fluid reaction structure includes a stacked substrate and a cover plate, and two support walls located between the substrate and the cover plate, and the opposite end surfaces of each support wall are respectively connected to the substrate and the cover plate, and the substrate, the two support walls and the cover plate together form the reaction channel.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, along the extension direction of the reaction channel, the reaction channel includes a plurality of reaction areas, and the temperatures of at least two of the reaction areas are different.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, the reaction module further includes a temperature control component, which is used to control the temperature of the fluid reaction structure to regulate the temperature in the reaction channel.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sample preparation system, comprising: a fluid storage module, a fluid distribution module, a fluid drive module and a reaction module, wherein the fluid storage module is used to store fluid, the reaction module has a reaction channel, and the reaction channel is respectively connected to the fluid distribution module and the fluid drive module; the fluid drive module is used to create a pressure gradient so that the fluid in the fluid storage module is transported to the reaction channel via the fluid distribution module; the reaction module is used to perform a biochemical reaction of the fluid transported into the reaction channel.

[0016] In some possible embodiments, the fluid driving module is also used to create a pressure gradient so that the fluid after the reaction in the reaction channel is discharged into the container of the fluid storage module that stores another fluid through the fluid distribution module; the fluid storage module is also used to mix the fluid after the reaction and the other fluid to obtain a mixed fluid.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, the fluid storage module includes a fluid storage device and a fluid switching device, the fluid storage device includes a plurality of containers for accommodating the fluid, the fluid switching device is used to adjust the positions of the plurality of containers so that one of the plurality of containers is aligned with the fluid distribution module, and the fluid switching device is also used to mix the reacted fluid and the other fluid.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, the reaction module includes a fluid reaction structure and a temperature control component, the reaction channel is located on the fluid reaction structure, and the temperature control component is used to control the temperature of the fluid reaction structure to regulate the temperature in the reaction channel.

[0019] In some possible embodiments, the reaction channel is bent on the fluid reaction structure.

[0020] In some possible embodiments, the reaction channel includes a plurality of reaction areas along an extension direction of the reaction channel, and the temperature control component is further used to control the temperatures of at least two of the reaction areas to be different.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, the reaction channel is connected to the fluid distribution module through a first connection end, and the reaction channel is connected to the fluid driving module through a second connection end. The first connection end and the second connection end are located at the same end of the fluid reaction structure, or the first connection end and the second connection end are located at opposite ends of the fluid reaction structure.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, the reaction channel, the first connecting end, and the second connecting end are an integrated structure.

[0023] In some possible embodiments, both the first connection end and the second connection end are provided with a switch component, and the switch component is used to open or close the reaction channel.

[0024] In some possible embodiments, the switch component includes a solenoid valve or a rotary valve.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, the fluid reaction structure includes a substrate and a groove formed on the substrate, a hollow reaction pipeline is provided in the groove, the hollow part of the reaction pipeline constitutes the reaction channel, and the two ends of the reaction pipeline extending out of the groove are respectively connected to the fluid distribution module and the fluid driving module.

[0026] In some possible embodiments, along the thickness direction of the substrate, the depth of the groove is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the reaction pipeline.

[0027] In some possible embodiments, the reaction pipeline is detachably disposed in the groove; and / or the reaction pipeline is detachably connected to the fluid distribution module and the fluid driving module.

[0028] In some possible embodiments, the inner diameter of the reaction pipeline is 0.3 mm to 2 mm.

[0029] In some possible embodiments, the fluid reaction structure includes a stacked substrate and a cover plate, a groove is formed on the substrate, and a surface of the cover plate close to the substrate is sealed to the substrate so that the groove forms the reaction channel.

[0030] In some possible embodiments, the fluid reaction structure includes a stacked substrate and a cover plate, and two support walls located between the substrate and the cover plate, and the opposite end surfaces of each support wall are respectively connected to the substrate and the cover plate, and the substrate, the two support walls and the cover plate together form the reaction channel.

[0031] In some possible embodiments, the fluid distribution module includes a liquid collection structure, a distribution pipeline connecting the liquid collection structure and the reaction channel, and a liquid collection drive device, wherein the liquid collection drive device is used to drive the liquid collection structure to align with the fluid storage device and extend into the fluid storage device.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, the liquid collection structure is a liquid collection needle.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, the fluid driving module includes a driving pump, which is a syringe pump, a plunger pump, a diaphragm pump, a gear pump, or a peristaltic pump.

[0034] In some possible embodiments, the sample preparation system further includes a waste liquid collection device and a cleaning liquid storage device, and both the waste liquid collection device and the cleaning liquid storage device are in communication with the fluid drive module.

[0035] In some possible embodiments, the reaction channel is further connected to a sample use system, and the fluid driving module is further used to drive the fluid after reaction in the reaction channel to be transported to the sample use system.

[0036] In some possible embodiments, a fluid dispensing valve is provided between the fluid dispensing module and the reaction module, and the fluid dispensing valve can also be connected to the sample use system.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, the sample preparation system further includes a control module, which is configured to control the fluid storage module, the fluid distribution module, the fluid driving module, and the reaction module to work in coordination.

[0038] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a sample preparation method, comprising:

[0039] Creating a pressure gradient through the fluid driving module to transfer the fluid in the fluid storage module to the reaction channel in the reaction module through the fluid distribution module; and

[0040] The temperature in the reaction channel is regulated by the reaction module to cause the fluid to undergo a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, thereby obtaining the sample.

[0041] In some possible embodiments, before the fluid undergoes a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, the method further includes:

[0042] Closing the switch components at both ends of the reaction channel to seal the reaction channel;

[0043] After the fluid undergoes a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, the method further comprises:

[0044] Open the switch components at both ends of the reaction channel.

[0045] In some possible embodiments, the fluid storage module includes a fluid storage device and a fluid switching device, and the fluid storage device includes a plurality of containers for accommodating the fluid;

[0046] Before the step of creating a pressure gradient by the fluid driving module so that the fluid in the fluid storage module is transferred to the reaction channel in the reaction module via the fluid distribution module, the method further includes:

[0047] By coordinated actions of the fluid dispensing module and the fluid switching device, the fluid dispensing module is aligned with a container storing a fluid in the fluid storage device; and

[0048] The fluid dispensing module is extended into the container.

[0049] In some possible embodiments, after the step of regulating the temperature in the reaction channel by the reaction module to cause the fluid to undergo a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, the method further includes:

[0050] The fluid dispensing module is aligned with a container of the fluid storage device storing another fluid through coordinated actions of the fluid dispensing module and the fluid switching device;

[0051] extending the fluid dispensing module into a container storing the other fluid;

[0052] Creating a pressure gradient through the fluid driving module so that the reacted fluid in the reaction channel is transferred to a container storing another fluid via the fluid distribution module, so that the another fluid is mixed with the reacted fluid to obtain a mixed fluid;

[0053] Creating a pressure gradient by the fluid driving module to enable the fluid distribution module to absorb the mixed fluid and transport the mixed fluid to the reaction channel in the reaction module; and

[0054] The temperature in the reaction channel is regulated by the reaction module to cause the mixed fluid to react in the reaction channel until the reaction is completed, thereby obtaining the sample.

[0055] In some possible embodiments, after the step of obtaining the sample, the method further includes:

[0056] The sample in the reaction channel is transported to a sample using system through the fluid driving module.

[0057] In some possible embodiments, between the steps of two adjacent fluids entering the reaction channel, or after the step of obtaining the sample, the method further includes:

[0058] A pressure gradient is created by the fluid driving module, so that the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid storage device enters the reaction flow channel to clean the reaction flow channel, and the waste liquid after cleaning is transferred to the waste liquid collection device.

[0059] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a biochemical substance analysis system, comprising a sample preparation system and a sample usage system connected to the sample preparation system, wherein the sample preparation system is the sample preparation system as described above, and the fluid drive module is further used to transport the sample located in the reaction flow channel to the sample usage system.

[0060] In some possible embodiments, the sample utilization system includes a sequencing chip, the reaction channel is connected to the sequencing chip, and the fluid driving module is used to transport the sample located in the reaction channel to the sequencing chip for sequencing.

[0061] The sample preparation system provided in the embodiment of the present application performs fluid pipetting / mixing and biochemical reactions through the collaborative operation of the fluid storage module, the fluid distribution module, the fluid drive module and the reaction module, thereby realizing one-stop automated sample preparation, with a simple process, high sample preparation efficiency, and low fluid loss, saving costs. Moreover, since human intervention is reduced, it can avoid the situation where manual operation is prone to errors, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of subsequent biochemical substance analysis. In addition, the aforementioned multiple modules can form an integrated sample preparation system, and consumables are few, the equipment cost is low, and it can be integrated into the biochemical substance analysis system. It can share components with the sample use system to achieve seamless connection with the sample use system, which can reduce or even eliminate the need to add additional components, further reducing the cost of the overall biochemical substance analysis system. In the reaction module provided in the embodiment of the present application, the reaction flow channel is arranged on the fluid reaction structure in a spiral manner, so that the longer reaction flow channel can be centrally arranged, reducing the occupied space, which is conducive to reducing the volume of the fluid reaction structure, thereby reducing the volume of the sample preparation system and the overall biochemical substance analysis system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0063] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of a sample preparation system provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0064] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample preparation system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0065] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fluid storage device in a sample preparation system provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0066] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fluid reaction structure in the sample preparation system shown in FIG. 2 .

[0067] FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of the fluid reaction structure in the sample preparation system shown in FIG. 4 .

[0068] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fluid reaction structure provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0069] FIG7 is a cross-sectional view along line VII-VII in FIG5.

[0070] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the fluid reaction structure shown in FIG7 with a cover plate added.

[0071] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fluid reaction structure in a sample preparation system in another embodiment of the present application.

[0072] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fluid reaction structure in a sample preparation system in another embodiment of the present application.

[0073] FIG11 is a system architecture diagram of a biochemical substance analysis system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0074] FIG12 is a flow chart of a sample preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0075] Description of Main Component Symbols Sample Preparation System 100 Base Plate 321, 321a, 321b Fluid Storage Module 10 Recesses 322, 322a, 322b Fluid Storage Device 101 Reaction Pipeline 323 Fluid Switching Device 102 Cover Plate 324 Container 103 Support Wall 325 Container Holder 104 Temperature Control Assembly 303 Transfer Mechanism 105 First Connection End 304 Drive Mechanism 106 Second Connection End 305 Mixing Mechanism 107 Switching Component 306 Fluid Distribution Module 20 Fluid Drive Module 40 Liquid Collection Structure 201 Drive Pump 401 Distribution Pipeline 202 Pump Drive Assembly 402 Liquid Collection Drive Device 203 Control Module 50 Fluid Distribution Valve 204 Waste Liquid Collection Device 60 Reaction Module 30 Cleaning Liquid Storage Device 70 Reaction Channel 301 Biochemical Substance Analysis System 1000 Fluid reaction structure 302, 302a, 302b Sample using system 200

[0076] The following specific implementation methods will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0078] It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "disposed on" another component, it may be directly disposed on the other component or there may be a central component; when a component is considered to be "mounted on" another component, it may be directly mounted on the other component or there may be a central component. The term "and / or" as used herein includes all and any combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of a sample preparation system 100 in one embodiment of the present application. The sample preparation system 100 is used to complete the preliminary preparation of biological samples, including steps such as the transfer, mixing, and biochemical reaction of biological samples and reagents. Among them, the biological sample can be a human blood sample, a tissue sample or a saliva sample, as well as other semi-finished biochemical samples, that is, the sample preparation system 100 can realize the steps such as the transfer, mixing, and biochemical reaction of biological samples and reagents, and complete the biochemical reaction between the biological sample and different reagents (for example, but not limited to PCR reaction). The prepared sample can be used for subsequent biochemical substance analysis such as gene sequencing. Please also refer to Figure 2, the sample preparation system 100 includes a fluid storage module 10, a fluid distribution module 20, a reaction module 30 and a fluid drive module 40.

[0080] The fluid storage module 10 is used to store fluids, wherein the fluids may include biological samples and reagents for biochemical reactions. The reaction module 30 has a reaction channel 301, which is connected to the fluid distribution module 20 and the fluid drive module 40 respectively. The fluid drive module 40 is used to create a pressure gradient (e.g., generate negative pressure) so that the fluid in the fluid storage module 10 is transported to the reaction channel 301 via the fluid distribution module 20. Specifically, the fluid drive module 40 can form a negative pressure in the fluid distribution module 20, thereby sucking fluid from the fluid storage module 10. At the same time, a negative pressure is also formed in the reaction channel 301, allowing the fluid to further enter the reaction channel 301. The reaction module 30 is used to perform biochemical reactions of the fluids transported to the reaction channel 301. Specifically, the fluids undergoing biochemical reactions may include biological samples and required reagents. For example, a PCR reaction can be achieved in the reaction channel 301. In some embodiments, the fluid driving module 40 is also used to create a pressure gradient (for example, to generate positive pressure) so that the reacted fluid in the reaction channel 301 is transported via the fluid distribution module 20 to the container of the fluid storage module 10 storing another fluid. At the same time, the fluid storage module 10 is also used to generate a driving force so that the other fluid and the reacted fluid are mixed evenly to form a mixed fluid, which is further transported to the reaction channel 301 for reaction. Similarly, when several reagents are required to react with the biological sample, they need to be mixed several times until the final product sample is obtained. In some embodiments, the sample preparation system 100 also includes a control module 50, which is used to control the coordinated operation of the fluid storage module 10, the fluid distribution module 20, the reaction module 30 and the fluid driving module 40.

[0081] Referring to FIG. 2 , and in conjunction with FIG. 1 , the fluid storage module 10 includes a fluid storage device 101 and a fluid switching device 102 . The fluid storage device 101 includes multiple containers 103 for holding the fluid, typically including a sample container and multiple reagent containers. The containers 103 can be test tubes or other containers of any shape that can be used to hold biological samples or reagents. As shown in FIG. 2 , the container 103 in this embodiment is a test tube. The opening of the container 103 may, but need not, be sealed with a puncturable sealing membrane (not shown). When the fluid dispensing module 20 needs to draw liquid, it can extend into the container 103 to draw the fluid. Furthermore, the container 103 containing the biological sample is affixed with an identification code (such as a QR code or barcode, not shown). The identification code contains identification information of the corresponding biological sample, such as the test subject's name, age, test item, etc., for tracking and managing the biological sample. The amount of biological samples and reagents in the container 103 can be quantitative. According to the needs of the biochemical reaction, the required amount of biological samples and reagents can be placed in the container 103 in advance to achieve the purpose of quantitative pipetting. It is understandable that the amount of fluid sucked by the fluid distribution module 20 can also be controlled by controlling the pressure gradient generated by the fluid drive module 40 to achieve the purpose of quantitative pipetting. In some embodiments, the fluid storage device 101 can also include a container holder 104, and the container 103 is placed in the container holder 104. The container holder 104 is placed on the fluid switching device 102, which can achieve the stability of multiple containers 103 and facilitate the aspiration operation of the fluid distribution module 20.

[0082] The fluid switching device 102 is used to adjust the position of the plurality of containers 103 so that one of the plurality of containers 103 is aligned with the fluid dispensing module 20 to achieve the purpose of transferring the fluid in the container 103. As shown in FIG2, the fluid switching device 102 may include a transfer mechanism 105 and a drive mechanism 106. The plurality of containers 103 loaded with biological samples and reagents are sequentially arranged on a container holder 104 in a specific order (e.g., a sample loading order), and the container holder 104 is placed on the transfer mechanism 105. The transfer mechanism 105, driven by the drive mechanism 106, sequentially moves the plurality of containers 103 to the bottom of the fluid dispensing module 20 for the fluid dispensing module 20 to sequentially absorb the fluid. It is understood that in other embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the plurality of containers 103 can also be arranged in an array, and the transfer mechanism 105, driven by the drive mechanism 106, can achieve multi-directional movement on a horizontal plane so that the plurality of containers 103 are moved to the bottom of the fluid dispensing module 20 in a predetermined order.

[0083] In some embodiments, the transfer mechanism 105 can be a single-axis slide rail that can realize reciprocating movement in a single direction in the horizontal plane, or it can be a dual-axis slide rail that can realize reciprocating movement in two vertical directions in the horizontal plane, thereby switching the relative positions of different containers 103 in the fluid storage device 101 to facilitate liquid extraction by the fluid distribution module 20.

[0084] In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 106 may be a drive motor.

[0085] In some embodiments, the fluid switching device 102 further includes a mixing mechanism 107, which may be located on the transfer mechanism 105, and the container 103 is located on the mixing mechanism 107. The mixing mechanism 107 can evenly mix the fluid in the container 103, for example, by using ultrasound, rotation, vibration, centrifugation, or the like to achieve uniform mixing of the fluid in the container 103. That is, the mixing mechanism 107 can be a mechanism that can generate functions such as ultrasound, rotation, vibration, and centrifugation.

[0086] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2 again. The fluid distribution module 20 includes a liquid collection structure 201, a distribution pipeline 202, and a liquid collection drive device 203. The liquid collection structure 201 and the distribution pipeline 202 are interconnected. The distribution pipeline 202 is also connected to the reaction channel 301 and further connected to the fluid drive module 40. The fluid drive module 40 creates a pressure gradient, which can form a pressure gradient, such as negative pressure or positive pressure, within the reaction channel 301, the distribution pipeline 202, and the liquid collection structure 201, thereby achieving fluid transfer. Among them, the liquid collection drive device 203 is used to drive the liquid collection structure 201 to align with the fluid storage device 101 and extend into the fluid storage device 101. Specifically, the liquid collection drive device 203 can drive the liquid collection structure 201 to move up and down, so that the liquid collection structure 201 extends into the container 103 to absorb fluid.

[0087] In some embodiments, the liquid extraction structure 201 may be a reagent needle, which extends into the container 103 and extends below the fluid surface to absorb the fluid.

[0088] Referring again to Figures 1 and 2 , the fluid drive module 40 may include a drive pump 401 and a pump drive assembly 402. The pump drive assembly 402 enables the drive pump 401 to create a pressure gradient, for example, generating negative or positive pressure, to achieve fluid drive. It is understood that the fluid drive module 40 may also employ other structures or devices capable of generating a pressure gradient.

[0089] In some embodiments, the driving pump 401 may be a syringe pump, a plunger pump, a diaphragm pump, a gear pump, or a peristaltic pump, etc. Specifically, the driving pump 401 may be a syringe pump, and the reaction channel 301 is connected to the syringe pump via a switching valve of a pump head, wherein the switching valve of the pump head can realize the opening and closing of the reaction channel 301, and can also realize the connection with other fluid devices, such as a cleaning storage device and a waste liquid device.

[0090] Referring again to Figures 1 and 2, the reaction module 30 includes a fluid reaction structure 302, with a reaction channel 301 located on the fluid reaction structure 302. In some embodiments, the reaction module 30 also includes a temperature control assembly 303, which is used to regulate the temperature of the fluid reaction structure 302, thereby controlling the temperature within the reaction channel 301 to allow biochemical reactions between the biological sample and the reagents to occur. By designing the reaction channel 301 on the fluid reaction structure 302, the temperature within the reaction channel 301 can be directly controlled by the temperature control assembly 303, enabling variable-temperature PCR reactions to be performed within the reaction channel 301.

[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 to 8, the reaction channels 301 are arranged in a curved manner on the fluid reaction structure 302. This curved arrangement of the reaction channels 301 on the fluid reaction structure 302 allows for the centralized arrangement of longer reaction channels 301, reducing the space occupied and facilitating a reduction in the volume of the fluid reaction structure 302. As shown in Figure 4, the reaction channels 301 are arranged in a spiral arrangement on the fluid reaction structure 302. As shown in Figure 6, the reaction channels 301 are arranged in an S-shape on the fluid reaction structure 302. It is understood that the reaction channels 301 may also have other irregular curved shapes. It is also understood that the reaction channels 301 may also be arranged in a straight line on the fluid reaction structure.

[0092] In some embodiments, along the extension direction of the reaction channel 301, the reaction channel 301 includes multiple reaction areas, and the temperature control component 303 is also used to control the different temperatures of at least two reaction areas. For example, as shown in Figure 6, the reaction channel 301 includes reaction area A, reaction area B and reaction area C, which have different temperatures to achieve different stages of biochemical reactions. For example, different stages of PCR reactions require different temperatures, and the reaction process at different stages can be completed by controlling the fluid droplets to move back and forth between reaction area A, reaction area B and reaction area C.

[0093] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the reaction channel 301 can be 0.3 mm to 2 mm. The reaction channel 301 can be designed as a slender channel, and the slender reaction channel 301 can be bent and set on the fluid reaction structure 302. This can reduce the contact area between the reactants and the atmosphere without changing the overall capacity of the reaction channel 301, avoid the problem of reagent crystallization, avoid manual maintenance of the reaction channel 301, and improve the efficiency of sample preparation and the utilization rate of the sample preparation system 100.

[0094] In some embodiments, the reaction module 30 further includes a first connection end 304 connecting the reaction channel 301 to the fluid distribution module 20, and a second connection end 305 connecting the reaction channel 301 to the fluid driving module 40. As shown in FIG5 , the first connection end 304 and the second connection end 305 can be located at the same end of the fluid reaction structure 302. The reaction channel 301 spirals around the fluid reaction structure 302. The first connection end 304 and the second connection end 305 are arranged at the same end of the fluid reaction structure 302, which facilitates the overall circuit layout and connection assembly of the sample preparation system 100, makes the layout of each module more centralized, is conducive to fully utilizing space, reduces the occupied space of the overall sample preparation system 100, and realizes the compactness and miniaturization of the sample preparation system 100. It is understood that in other embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , the first connection end 304 and the second connection end 305 can also be located at opposite ends of the fluid reaction structure 302. Depending on actual layout requirements and the actual layout positions of the fluid drive module 40 and the fluid distribution module 20, the first connection end 304 and the second connection end 305 can be located at opposite ends of the fluid reaction structure 302 to facilitate pipeline connection and improve space utilization. Furthermore, it is understood that the first connection end 304 and the second connection end 305 can also be located at appropriate positions within the fluid reaction structure 302 according to actual requirements.

[0095] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2 , both the first connection end 304 and the second connection end 305 are provided with a switch component 306, which can be used to open or close the reaction channel 301. Specifically, one switch component 306 is provided at the first connection end 304 of the reaction channel 301, and the distribution pipeline 202 in the fluid distribution module 20 is connected to the switch component 306. By controlling the switch component 306, the connection and disconnection between the reaction channel 301 and the distribution pipeline 202 can be achieved. Another switch component 306 is provided at the second connection end 305 of the reaction channel 301, and the drive pump 401 in the fluid drive module 40 is connected to the switch component 306. By controlling the switch component 306, the connection and disconnection between the reaction channel 301 and the reaction channel 301 can be achieved. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the pump head switching valve of the drive pump 401 can serve as the switch component 306 to achieve the purpose of opening and closing the second connection end 305 of the reaction channel 301. By providing switch components 306 at the front and rear ends of the reaction channel 301, the reaction channel 301 can be sealed and isolated from the atmosphere, thereby avoiding fluid boiling and evaporation losses that affect the quality of the biochemical reaction during high-temperature biochemical reactions (such as high-temperature PCR reactions), especially in high-altitude and low-pressure areas. In addition, the need for traditional PCR reactions to add a PCR hot cover and the need to manually maintain reagent crystallization on the PCR hot cover can be avoided.

[0096] In some embodiments, the switch component 306 can be a device component capable of opening and closing the reaction channel 301. For example, it can be a solenoid valve, a rotary valve, a metering pump, a plug, or a clamping component such as a flow stop clamp. Specifically, the switch components 306 provided at both ends of the reaction channel 301 are shut-off valves or switching valves.

[0097] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 to 8, the fluid reaction structure 302 includes a substrate 321 and a recess 322 formed in the substrate 321. A hollow reaction conduit 323 is disposed within the recess 322. The hollow portion of the reaction conduit 323 constitutes the reaction channel 301. The ends of the reaction conduit 323 extending from the recess 322 respectively constitute the first connecting end 304 and the second connecting end 305, thereby enabling communication with the fluid distribution module 20 and the fluid drive module 40. Specifically, the reaction conduit 323 can be a slender, flexible hose made of a Teflon material such as FEP, PFA, PTFE, or other non-corrosive and flexible material. The overall length of the recess 322 on the substrate 321 can be designed based on the desired length of the reaction channel 301. The curvature of the recess 322 can be appropriately configured based on the area of ​​the substrate 321, thereby facilitating the curved placement of the reaction channel 301 on the substrate 321. Specifically, the groove 322 can be formed by etching, laser grooving, mechanical grooving, or injection molding. The curved shape of the groove 322 can be flexibly set, which is conducive to fully utilizing the space of the substrate 321 and thus reducing the volume of the reaction module 30. It is understood that when the flow rate is small, the required length of the reaction pipeline 323 is shorter, and the reaction pipeline 323 can also be designed in a straight line. Alternatively, based on assembly requirements, in order to reasonably utilize space, the reaction pipeline 323 can also be arranged in a straight line on the fluid reaction structure 302.

[0098] In some embodiments, the fluid reaction structure 302 may have a heat conduction function, and the temperature control component 303 may directly control the temperature of the fluid reaction structure 302 to thereby control the temperature of the reaction pipeline 323 embedded in the groove 322, thereby precisely controlling the temperature within the reaction channel 301. For example, the temperature control component 303 may be a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) capable of heating and cooling the substrate 321.

[0099] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the substrate 321, the depth of the groove 322 (such as L2 in Figure 7) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the reaction pipe 323 (such as L1 in Figure 7). By designing the depth of the groove 322 to be larger, the reaction pipe 323 can be completely embedded in the groove 322, making the temperature in the reaction pipe 323 more uniform, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature control in the reaction channel 301.

[0100] In some embodiments, the reaction line 323 is detachably mounted in the groove 322. When the reaction line 323 needs to be installed, the hose of the reaction line 323 can be directly inserted into the groove 322, which is convenient and fast, and easy to maintain and replace.

[0101] In some embodiments, the reaction channel 301, the first connection end 304 and the second connection end 305 are an integrated structure, and the passages of the above three parts are in the form of fluid pipelines to form an integrated design, so that the reaction area, the pipette needle and the pump valve and other connecting pipelines in the reaction module 30, the fluid distribution module 20 and the fluid drive module 40 are all on the same fluid channel. For example, to achieve a PCR reaction, the PCR area and the pump valve fluid pipeline share a pipeline. Compared with the traditional sample preparation by pipetting (using a pipette needle to pipette the reactants to a dedicated PCR module for PCR reaction), the above design greatly reduces the sample loss, the number of consumables is small, and the process operation is simple. It can be understood that the reaction line 323 can also be detachably connected to the fluid distribution module 20 and the fluid drive module 40 to facilitate separate maintenance or replacement of each part.

[0102] In some embodiments, the reaction line 323 may be non-consumable. By cleaning the reaction channel 301, the reaction line 323 can be reused, effectively reducing the cost of the sample preparation system 100. It is understood that the reaction line 323 may also be a consumable. After each sample preparation, the reaction line 323 is replaced without the need for a cleaning process, and the reaction line 323 is easily replaced.

[0103] In some embodiments, the sample processing volume of the reaction channel 301 is flexible and can be controlled by designing the inner diameter and length of the reaction channel 301. Specifically, the reaction channel 301 of the sample preparation system 100 of this embodiment can achieve a sample processing volume of 3 μL to 2500 μL, or a wider range of sample processing volumes.

[0104] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the fluid reaction structure 302 further includes a cover plate 324 covering the substrate 321 , the cover plate 324 covering the groove 322 . The addition of the cover plate 324 can make the reaction pipe 323 in the groove 322 more evenly heated, and in particular, can make the heating conditions of the reaction pipe 323 at the opening of the groove 322 and the reaction pipe 323 at the bottom of the groove 322 consistent.

[0105] It is understandable that in other embodiments, refer to Figure 9, the reaction channel 301 can also be formed directly on the fluid reaction structure. The fluid reaction structure 302a can also include a stacked substrate 321a and a cover plate 324, with a groove 322a formed on the substrate 321a. The surface of the cover plate 324 close to the substrate 321a is sealed with the substrate 321a so that the groove 322a forms a sealed reaction channel 301. That is, in this embodiment, the groove 322a is directly formed on the substrate 321a to form the reaction channel 301, making the reaction module 30 structure simpler, and the temperature control of the reaction channel 301 formed by the groove 322a is easier and the temperature is more uniform. Specifically, the groove 322a can be formed by processes such as injection molding or etching.

[0106] It will also be appreciated that in other embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the fluid reaction structure 302b includes a stacked base plate 321b and a cover plate 324, and two support walls 325 located between the base plate 321b and the cover plate 324. The opposing end surfaces of each support wall 325 are respectively connected to the base plate 321b and the cover plate 324. The base plate 321b, the two support walls 325, and the cover plate 324 collectively enclose the reaction channel 301. The thickness and spacing of the two support walls 325 can be designed to adjust the volume of the reaction channel 301. The two support walls 325 can be made of a flexible material and can be designed to suit the desired curved shape of the reaction channel 301.

[0107] As shown in Figures 9 and 10 , the fluid reaction structure can be connected to the fluid distribution module 20 and the fluid drive module 40 by inserting a pipeline into the corresponding port of the reaction channel 301 of the fluid reaction structure 302a or 302b to achieve communication. It will be appreciated that when the reaction channel 301 is directly formed on the fluid reaction structure 302a or 302b, the entire fluid reaction structure 302a or 302b as a whole can be detachably connected to the distribution pipeline 202 in the fluid distribution module 20 and the distribution pipeline 202 in the fluid drive module 40, facilitating maintenance and replacement of the fluid reaction structure 302a or 302b.

[0108] Referring again to Figures 1 and 2 , the sample preparation system 100 further includes a waste liquid collection device 60 and a cleaning liquid storage device 70 , both of which are connected to the fluid drive module 40 . Specifically, the waste liquid collection device 60 and the cleaning liquid storage device 70 are both connected to the drive pump 401 in the fluid drive module 40 . When the drive pump 401 is a syringe pump, the waste liquid collection device 60 and the cleaning liquid storage device 70 are both connected to the pump head of the syringe pump via pipelines. Specifically, pure water can be placed in the cleaning liquid storage device 70 to clean the entire flow channel.

[0109] The improved sample preparation system 100 of the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0110] 1. Through the coordinated operation of the fluid storage module 10, the fluid distribution module 20, the fluid drive module 40, and the reaction module 30 under the control of the control module 50, processes such as fluid pipetting, mixing, and biochemical reactions can be performed, thereby achieving one-stop automated sample preparation (such as library processing before sequencing). The process is simple, the sample preparation efficiency is high, and the fluid loss is small, which saves costs and realizes a low-cost small modular design. Moreover, the aforementioned multiple modules can form an integrated sample preparation system, so that the reaction flow channel 301 is connected to other fluid pipelines to form an integrated fluid channel, which reduces sample loss, reduces consumables, reduces equipment costs, and simplifies the operation process. In addition, the sample preparation system 100 can be integrated into a sample use system (such as a sequencer), and some components of the sample use system can be shared, resulting in better throughput matching.

[0111] 2. The sample preparation system 100 reduces human intervention, thereby avoiding errors that may occur during manual operation, and is beneficial for improving the accuracy of subsequent biochemical substance analysis.

[0112] 3. By providing switch components 306 at both ends of the reaction channel 301, the fluid is confined within the reaction channel 301, achieving front-to-back sealing. This prevents liquid boiling and evaporation losses during high-temperature biochemical reactions, especially in high-altitude, low-pressure areas. After the reaction channel 301 is sealed, the reactants are isolated from the atmosphere, and the gas-liquid interface is greatly reduced or even eliminated, thus solving the problem of PCR quality degradation caused by high-temperature evaporation and improving PCR quality. The isolation of the fluid from the atmosphere also avoids the need for a "PCR hot cover" and manual maintenance of the "PCR hot cover" commonly found in traditional automated sample preparation systems.

[0113] 4. The reaction channel 301 is embedded in the fluid reaction structure 302 that can achieve temperature change, which facilitates temperature control of the reaction channel 301.

[0114] 5. The reaction channel 301 can be designed as a "non-consumable" device, reducing sample preparation costs. Furthermore, the reaction channel 301 can be designed as a consumable device, making replacement simple and eliminating the need for cleaning, further simplifying the operation and structure of the sample preparation system 100.

[0115] 6. The sample preparation system 100 has a flexible sample processing volume, which can process samples in a range of 3 μL to 2500 μL, or even wider.

[0116] Referring to FIG11 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a biochemical substance analysis system 1000, which is also referred to in conjunction with FIG1 and FIG2 . The biochemical substance analysis system 1000 includes the sample preparation system 100 as described above and a sample use system 200 connected to the sample preparation system 100. The fluid drive module 40 in the sample preparation system 100 is also used to transfer the product sample obtained after the reaction in the reaction channel 301 to the sample use system 200. That is, the fluid drive module 40 can create a pressure gradient to drive the product sample obtained after the reaction in the reaction channel 301 to be transferred to the sample use system 200. The sample preparation system 100 can be directly integrated with the sample use system 200 to directly transfer the product sample prepared in the reaction channel 301 to the sample use system 200 for subsequent biochemical substance analysis. For example, the sample preparation system 100 can realize PCR amplification of biological samples, and the sample use system 200 can be a sequencer, including a sequencing chip for realizing gene sequencing. The reaction channel 301 of the sample preparation system 100 is connected to the sequencing chip of the sample use system 200, and the fluid driving module 40 transfers the product sample obtained by PCR reaction in the reaction channel 301 to the sequencing chip for sequencing.

[0117] In some embodiments, a fluid distribution valve 204 is further provided between the fluid distribution module 20 and the reaction module 30. The fluid distribution valve 204 can also be connected to the sample access system 200. By controlling the fluid distribution valve 204, the direction of the fluid can be selected, that is, the fluid distribution module 20 can be connected to the reaction module 30, or the reaction module 30 can be connected to the sample access system 200. Specifically, the fluid distribution valve 204 can be a solenoid valve having a normally open end, a common end, and a normally closed end. The fluid distribution module 20 is connected to the normally open end, the reaction module 30 is connected to the common end, and the sample access system 200 is connected to the normally closed end. When it is necessary to transfer a product sample to the sample access system 200, the normally closed end is opened and the normally open end is closed. Specifically, the distribution line 202 is connected to the normally open end, the first connection end 304 of the reaction channel 301 is connected to the common end, and the sequencing chip of the sample access system 200 is connected to the normally closed end.

[0118] The sample preparation system 100 of the present embodiment can be integrated with a conventional sample preparation system 200, sharing components (e.g., pumps, valves, pipelines, drivers, control software, user interface, etc.) with the sample preparation system 200. The system can be integrated into the sample preparation system 200 with minimal or no additional components. This allows for seamless integration with the sample preparation system 200, reducing or even eliminating the need for additional components, further reducing the cost of the overall biochemical substance analysis system 1000, significantly shortening work time, and minimizing human error.

[0119] Referring to FIG. 12 , together with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the present embodiment further provides a method for preparing a product sample using the aforementioned sample preparation system 100 , specifically comprising the following steps:

[0120] In step S01 , a pressure gradient is created by the fluid driving module 40 , so that the fluid in the fluid storage module 10 is transferred to the reaction channel 301 in the reaction module 30 via the fluid distribution module 20 .

[0121] In step S02 , the temperature in the reaction channel 301 is regulated by the reaction module 30 to cause the fluid to undergo a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel 301 , thereby obtaining the sample, ie, the product sample.

[0122] Specifically, the method for preparing the product sample includes the following steps:

[0123] In step S1 , the fluid dispensing module 20 and the fluid switching device 102 coordinate to align the fluid dispensing module 20 with the container 103 storing the first fluid in the fluid storage device 101 .

[0124] Step S2: insert the fluid distribution module 20 into the container 103 storing the first fluid.

[0125] In step S3 , a pressure gradient is generated by the fluid driving module 40 so that the first fluid in the container 103 storing the first fluid is transferred to the reaction channel 301 in the reaction module 30 via the fluid distribution module 20 .

[0126] Step S4 , closing the switch components 306 at both ends of the reaction channel 301 to seal the reaction channel 301 .

[0127] In step S5 , the temperature in the reaction channel 301 is regulated by the reaction module 30 to cause the first fluid to undergo a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel 301 .

[0128] Step S6: Open the switch components 306 at both ends of the reaction channel 301.

[0129] In step S7 , the fluid dispensing module 20 and the fluid switching device 102 coordinate to align the fluid dispensing module 20 with the container 103 of the fluid storage device 101 storing the second fluid.

[0130] Step S8 : inserting the fluid dispensing module 20 into the container 103 storing the other fluid.

[0131] In step S9, a pressure gradient is generated by the fluid driving module 40 so that the first fluid after reaction in the reaction channel 301 is transferred to the container 103 storing the second fluid via the fluid distribution module 20, so that the second fluid is mixed with the first fluid after reaction to obtain a mixed fluid.

[0132] In step S10 , a pressure gradient is created by the fluid driving module 40 to enable the fluid distribution module 20 to absorb the mixed fluid and transfer the mixed fluid to the reaction channel 301 in the reaction module 30 .

[0133] In step S11 , the temperature in the reaction channel 301 is regulated by the reaction module 30 to allow the mixed fluid to react in the reaction channel 301 until the reaction is completed, thereby obtaining a product sample.

[0134] In some embodiments, after the step of obtaining a product sample, the method further comprises:

[0135] The sample in the reaction channel 301 is transported to the sample using system through the fluid driving module 40 .

[0136] In some embodiments, between the steps of two adjacent fluids entering the reaction channel 301 , or after the step of obtaining the sample, the method further includes:

[0137] The fluid driving module 40 creates a pressure gradient, so that the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid storage device 70 enters the reaction channel 301 to clean the reaction channel 301 , and the waste liquid after cleaning is transferred to the waste liquid collection device 60 .

[0138] Specifically, taking the preparation of samples required for gene sequencing as an example, please refer to Figures 1 and 2 together. The control module 50 includes a control program for controlling the coordinated operation of the fluid storage module 10, the fluid distribution module 20, the fluid drive module 40, and the fluid reaction module 30. When the control program is executed, it is used to perform the following method:

[0139] Step 1: The transfer mechanism 105 in the fluid switching device 102 coordinates with the liquid extraction drive device 203 to align the needle tip of the liquid extraction structure 201 (such as a reagent needle) in the vertical direction with the container (sample container) storing the first fluid, preparing to absorb the first fluid. Here, the first fluid can be a biological sample, such as a DNA sample.

[0140] Step 2: The reagent needle is lowered and inserted below the liquid level of the sample tube, driving the pump 401 (such as a syringe pump) to operate and guide the first fluid into the reaction channel 301.

[0141] Step 3: Temperature control assembly 303 controls the temperature of fluid reaction structure 302, enabling the first fluid to undergo reactions (e.g., PCR reactions) at various temperatures within reaction channel 301. During the temperature-controlled reaction, switch component 306 is closed, isolating the fluid within reaction channel 301 from the atmosphere. After temperature control is complete, switch component 306 is opened.

[0142] Step 4: The transfer mechanism 105 and the liquid extraction drive device 203 coordinate to align the needle tip of the reagent needle with the container 103 containing the second fluid in the vertical direction.

[0143] Step 5: Control the syringe pump to control the vertical movement of the reagent needle to guide the reacted first fluid in the reaction channel 301 to the reagent needle and discharge it into the container 103 containing the second fluid.

[0144] Step 6: The mixing mechanism 107 mixes the reacted first fluid and the second fluid evenly in the container 103 to obtain a mixed fluid, for example, by using methods such as ultrasound, rotation, vibration, and centrifugation.

[0145] Step 7: The syringe pump is activated to control the vertical movement of the reagent needle and guide the mixed fluid into the reaction channel 301 for the second step reaction.

[0146] Step 8: Repeat steps 3 to 7 to achieve mixing of multiple fluids, quantitative pipetting, and biochemical reactions in sealed microcavities, ultimately obtaining product samples for subsequent biochemical analysis (e.g., gene sequencing).

[0147] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A reaction module, characterized in that: The reaction module comprises a fluid reaction structure, and a reaction channel is arranged on the fluid reaction structure.

2. The reaction module according to claim 1, characterized in that The reaction channel is bent and arranged on the fluid reaction structure.

3. The reaction module according to claim 1, characterized in that The fluid reaction structure comprises a substrate and a groove formed on the substrate, a hollow reaction pipeline is arranged in the groove, and the hollow part of the reaction pipeline constitutes the reaction flow channel.

4. The reaction module according to claim 3, characterized in that Along the thickness direction of the substrate, the depth of the groove is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the reaction pipeline.

5. The reaction module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction pipeline is detachably arranged in the groove.

6. The reaction module according to claim 1, characterized in that The fluid reaction structure comprises a stacked substrate and a cover plate, wherein a groove is formed on the substrate, and a surface of the cover plate close to the substrate is sealed and connected to the substrate so that the groove forms the reaction channel; Alternatively, the fluid reaction structure includes a stacked substrate and a cover plate, and two support walls located between the substrate and the cover plate, and the opposite end surfaces of each support wall are respectively connected to the substrate and the cover plate, and the substrate, the two support walls and the cover plate together form the reaction channel.

7. The reaction module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the reaction channel, the reaction channel includes a plurality of reaction areas, and the temperatures of at least two of the reaction areas are different.

8. The reaction module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature control component, which is used to control the temperature of the fluid reaction structure to regulate the temperature in the reaction channel.

9. A sample preparation system, characterized in that: include: A fluid storage module, a fluid distribution module, a fluid driving module and a reaction module, wherein the fluid storage module is used to store fluid, and the reaction module has a reaction flow channel, and the reaction flow channel is respectively connected to the fluid distribution module and the fluid driving module; The fluid driving module is used to create a pressure gradient so that the fluid in the fluid storage module is transferred to the reaction channel via the fluid distribution module; the reaction module is used to perform a biochemical reaction of the fluid transferred to the reaction channel.

10. The sample preparation system according to claim 9, wherein: The fluid driving module is also used to create a pressure gradient, so that the fluid after the reaction in the reaction channel is discharged into a container of another fluid stored in the fluid storage module through the fluid distribution module; The fluid storage module is also used to mix the reacted fluid with the other fluid to obtain a mixed fluid.

11. The sample preparation system according to claim 10, wherein: The fluid storage module includes a fluid storage device and a fluid switching device. The fluid storage device includes a plurality of containers for accommodating the fluid. The fluid switching device is used to adjust the positions of the plurality of containers so that one of the plurality of containers is aligned with the fluid distribution module. The fluid switching device is also used to mix the reacted fluid with the other fluid.

12. The sample preparation system of claim 9, wherein: The reaction module comprises a fluid reaction structure and a temperature control component. The reaction channel is located on the fluid reaction structure. The temperature control component is used to control the temperature of the fluid reaction structure to regulate the temperature in the reaction channel.

13. The sample preparation system of claim 12, wherein: The reaction channel is bent and arranged on the fluid reaction structure.

14. The sample preparation system of claim 13, wherein: Along the extension direction of the reaction channel, the reaction channel includes a plurality of reaction areas, and the temperature control component is further used to control the temperatures of at least two of the reaction areas to be different.

15. The sample preparation system of claim 12, wherein: The reaction channel is connected to the fluid distribution module through a first connection end, and the reaction channel is connected to the fluid driving module through a second connection end. The first connection end and the second connection end are located at the same end of the fluid reaction structure, or the first connection end and the second connection end are located at two opposite ends of the fluid reaction structure.

16. The sample preparation system of claim 15, wherein: The reaction channel, the first connecting end and the second connecting end are an integrated structure.

17. The sample preparation system of claim 15, wherein: The first connection end and the second connection end are both provided with a switch component, and the switch component is used to open or close the reaction channel.

18. The sample preparation system of claim 17, wherein: The switch component includes a solenoid valve or a rotary valve.

19. The sample preparation system according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that: The fluid reaction structure also includes a substrate and a groove formed on the substrate, a hollow reaction pipeline is arranged in the groove, the hollow part of the reaction pipeline constitutes the reaction channel, and the two ends of the reaction pipeline extending out of the groove are respectively connected to the fluid distribution module and the fluid driving module.

20. The sample preparation system of claim 19, wherein: Along the thickness direction of the substrate, the depth of the groove is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the reaction pipeline.

21. The sample preparation system of claim 19, wherein: The reaction pipeline is detachably arranged in the groove; and / or the reaction pipeline is detachably connected to the fluid distribution module and the fluid driving module.

22. The sample preparation system of claim 19, wherein: The inner diameter of the reaction pipeline is 0.3 mm to 2 mm.

23. The sample preparation system according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that: The fluid reaction structure comprises a stacked substrate and a cover plate, a groove is formed on the substrate, and a surface of the cover plate close to the substrate is sealed and connected to the substrate so that the groove forms the reaction channel.

24. The sample preparation system according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that: The fluid reaction structure includes a stacked substrate and a cover plate, and two supporting walls located between the substrate and the cover plate, and the opposite end surfaces of each supporting wall are respectively connected to the substrate and the cover plate, and the substrate, the two supporting walls and the cover plate together form the reaction channel.

25. The sample preparation system of claim 9, wherein: The fluid distribution module includes a liquid collection structure, a distribution pipeline connecting the liquid collection structure and the reaction channel, and a liquid collection drive device, wherein the liquid collection drive device is used to drive the liquid collection structure to align with the fluid storage device and extend into the fluid storage device.

26. The sample preparation system of claim 25, wherein: The liquid collection structure is a liquid collection needle.

27. The sample preparation system of claim 9, wherein: The fluid driving module includes a driving pump, which is a syringe pump, a plunger pump, a diaphragm pump, a gear pump or a peristaltic pump.

28. The sample preparation system of claim 9, wherein: The sample preparation system further includes a waste liquid collection device and a cleaning liquid storage device, and both the waste liquid collection device and the cleaning liquid storage device are communicated with the fluid driving module.

29. The sample preparation system of claim 9, wherein: The reaction channel is also connected to a sample use system, and the fluid driving module is also used to drive the fluid after reaction in the reaction channel to be transported to the sample use system.

30. The sample preparation system of claim 29, wherein: A fluid dispensing valve is provided between the fluid dispensing module and the reaction module, and the fluid dispensing valve can also be communicated with the sample using system.

31. The sample preparation system of claim 9, wherein: The sample preparation system further includes a control module, which is used to control the fluid storage module, the fluid distribution module, the fluid driving module and the reaction module to work in coordination.

32. A sample preparation method, characterized in that: include: Creating a pressure gradient through the fluid driving module so that the fluid in the fluid storage module is transported to the reaction channel in the reaction module through the fluid distribution module; as well as The temperature in the reaction channel is regulated by the reaction module to cause the fluid to undergo a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, thereby obtaining the sample.

33. The sample preparation method according to claim 32, characterized in that: Before the fluid undergoes a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, the method further comprises: Closing the switch components at both ends of the reaction channel to seal the reaction channel; After the fluid undergoes a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, the method further comprises: Open the switch components at both ends of the reaction channel.

34. The sample preparation method according to claim 33, characterized in that: The fluid storage module comprises a fluid storage device and a fluid switching device, wherein the fluid storage device comprises a plurality of containers for accommodating the fluid; Before the step of creating a pressure gradient by the fluid driving module so that the fluid in the fluid storage module is transported to the reaction channel in the reaction module via the fluid distribution module, the method further includes: The fluid dispensing module is aligned with a container storing a fluid in the fluid storage device through coordinated actions of the fluid dispensing module and the fluid switching device; and The fluid dispensing module is extended into the container.

35. The sample preparation method according to claim 34, characterized in that: After the step of regulating the temperature in the reaction channel by the reaction module so that the fluid undergoes a biochemical reaction in the reaction channel, the method further comprises: The fluid dispensing module is aligned with a container of the fluid storage device storing another fluid through coordinated actions of the fluid dispensing module and the fluid switching device; extending the fluid dispensing module into a container storing the other fluid; The fluid driving module creates a pressure gradient, so that the reacted fluid in the reaction channel is transferred to a container storing another fluid via the fluid distribution module, so that the another fluid is mixed with the reacted fluid to obtain a mixed fluid; Creating a pressure gradient by the fluid driving module so that the fluid distribution module absorbs the mixed fluid and transports the mixed fluid to a reaction channel in a reaction module; and The temperature in the reaction channel is regulated by the reaction module to make the mixed fluid react in the reaction channel until the reaction is completed to obtain the sample.

36. The sample preparation method according to claim 32, characterized in that: After the step of obtaining the sample, the method further comprises: The sample in the reaction channel is transported to a sample using system through the fluid driving module.

37. The sample preparation method according to claim 32, characterized in that: Between the steps of two adjacent fluids entering the reaction channel, or after the step of obtaining the sample, the method further includes: The pressure gradient is created by the fluid driving module, so that the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid storage device enters the reaction flow channel to clean the reaction flow channel, and the waste liquid after cleaning is transported to the waste liquid collection device.

38. A biochemical substance analysis system, characterized in that: It comprises a sample preparation system and a sample use system connected to the sample preparation system, wherein the sample preparation system is the sample preparation system as described in any one of claims 9 to 31, and the fluid driving module is also used to transport the sample located in the reaction channel to the sample use system.

39. The biochemical substance analysis system according to claim 38, characterized in that: The sample using system includes a sequencing chip, the reaction channel is connected to the sequencing chip, and the fluid driving module is used to transport the sample in the reaction channel to the sequencing chip for sequencing.

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