Authentication method and device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide an authentication method, a device, a computer readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a computer program. The method comprises: receiving an echo signal of a first sensing reference signal, the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal being used for authenticating a sensing sending device, and the sensing sending device being a device for sending the first sensing reference signal (S210).

Description

Authentication methods and equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to an authentication method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, the introduction of sensing technology into communication networks or systems has become a key technology. In communication networks or systems, there can be a variety of sensing scenarios, such as those involving terminal and base station sensing, terminal sensing and base station sensing, and coordinated sensing by multiple sensing nodes. However, how can a sensing receiving device (or sensing signal receiving end or sensing signal measuring end) simultaneously perform sensing measurements while ensuring that the sensing reference signal it measures comes from a legitimate or secure device, thereby ensuring the security of sensing processing? This has become a challenge that needs to be addressed.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide an authentication method, device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, and computer program.

[0005] The present invention provides an authentication method performed by a sensing receiving device, including:

[0006] An echo signal of a first perception reference signal is received, wherein the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is used to authenticate a perception sending device, where the perception sending device is a device that sends the first perception reference signal.

[0007] The present invention provides an authentication method performed by a sensing sending device, including:

[0008] A first perception reference signal is sent, where the first perception reference signal is used by a perception receiving device to authenticate the perception sending device.

[0009] The present invention provides a sensing receiving device, including:

[0010] The first communication unit is configured to receive an echo signal of a first perception reference signal, wherein the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is used to authenticate a perception sending device, and the perception sending device is a device that sends the first perception reference signal.

[0011] An embodiment of the present application provides a sensing sending device, including:

[0012] The second communication unit is configured to send a first perception reference signal, where the first perception reference signal is used by a perception receiving device to authenticate the perception sending device.

[0013] The embodiment of the present application provides a sensing receiving device, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the sensing receiving device performs the above method.

[0014] An embodiment of the present application provides a perception sending device, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the perception sending device performs the above method.

[0015] The embodiment of the present application provides a chip for implementing the above method.

[0016] Specifically, the chip includes: a processor, which is used to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device equipped with the chip executes the above method.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which enables a device to perform the above method when the computer program is executed by the device.

[0018] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which enable a computer to execute the above method.

[0019] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above method.

[0020] By adopting the authentication method provided in this embodiment, the perception sending device can be authenticated on the perception receiving device side based on the echo signal of the currently received perception reference signal. In this way, it can be ensured that the perception receiving device can complete the perception measurement while ensuring that the measurement is performed on the perception reference signal sent by a legitimate device, thereby ensuring the security of the perception processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic flowchart of an authentication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic flowchart of an authentication method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of the architecture of the authentication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an authentication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a method for calculating and verifying a signature according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another scenario of the architecture of the authentication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG8 is another example flowchart of an authentication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another scenario of the architecture of the authentication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG10 is another flowchart of an authentication method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] 11a-11c are various schematic diagrams of PPDU formats according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of various scenarios of perception scenes according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of a perception scene according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG14 is a schematic flowchart of a perception process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG15 is a schematic flow chart of an authentication process.

[0036] FIG16 is a schematic flow chart of another authentication process.

[0037] FIG17 is a schematic block diagram of a perceptual receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 18 is a schematic block diagram of a perception sending device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG19 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG20 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 21 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as LTE, LTE-A, NR, NR evolution, WLAN, WiFi, or other communication systems.

[0043] The embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminals. The terminals can be mobile or fixed, and can also be referred to as mobile stations, user units, etc. The terminal can be a site in a WLAN, and can be a smart terminal, wireless modem, laptop computer, tablet computer, or other terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal can be a VR terminal / AR terminal, an industrial control terminal, an unmanned driving terminal, a telemedicine terminal, a smart grid terminal, a transportation safety terminal, a smart city terminal, or a wireless terminal for a smart home, etc. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal can also be a wearable device.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the network device may be a device for communicating with a terminal, an access point in a WLAN, an evolved base station in LTE, or a relay station, or a network device (gNB) in an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, and an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or a network device in a non-terrestrial network. As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device.

[0045] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this article. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association relationship. For example, A indicates B, which can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association relationship between A and B. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "corresponding" can mean that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or it can mean that there is an association relationship between the two, or it can mean a relationship between indication and indication, configuration and configuration, etc.

[0046] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of the present application are described below. The following relevant technologies can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0047] Figure 1 exemplarily illustrates a communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminals 120. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and each network device 110 may include a different number of terminals 120 within its coverage area, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. In one possible implementation, the communication system 100 may also include a mobility management entity, access and mobility management functions, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The network devices may include access network devices and core network devices. That is, the communication system may also include multiple core networks for communicating with the access network devices. The access network devices may be base stations of LTE, LTE-A, or NR systems. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication devices may include network devices and terminals with communication functions. The communication devices may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities, although this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0048] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of an authentication method performed by a sensing receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0049] S210: Receive an echo signal of a first perception reference signal, where the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is used to authenticate a perception sending device, where the perception sending device is a device that sends the first perception reference signal.

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of an authentication method performed by a perception sending device according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0051] S310: Send a first perception reference signal, where the first perception reference signal is used by a perception receiving device to authenticate the perception sending device.

[0052] In some possible implementations, the perception receiving device and the perception sending device may be devices in a communication network (such as a mobile communication network or a cellular network).

[0053] In some possible examples, the perception receiving device may be a terminal, and the perception sending device may be an access network device.

[0054] In this example, the first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS, CSI Reference Signals), positioning reference signal (PRS, Positioning Reference Signal), demodulation reference signal (DMRS, Demodulation Reference Signals), downlink data signal for perception, and downlink reference signal for perception.

[0055] The positioning reference signal may specifically be a downlink positioning reference signal (DL-PRS, Down Link Positioning Reference Signal).

[0056] The downlink data signal for sensing may refer to a signal based on a downlink data channel for sensing, or a signal transmitted by a downlink data channel for sensing, etc. The downlink data channel may be a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), etc., which are not exhaustive here.

[0057] The downlink reference signal used for sensing may refer to a downlink reference signal dedicated to sensing, that is, a downlink reference signal dedicated to sensing that is different from CSI-RS, DL-PRS, DMRS, and the like.

[0058] That the first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal may mean that the type of the first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal. For example, the first perception reference signal may be referred to as a first downlink perception reference signal.

[0059] In some possible examples, the perception receiving device may be an access network device, and the perception sending device may be a terminal.

[0060] In this example, the first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal (SRS), a DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

[0061] The uplink data signal for sensing may refer to a signal based on an uplink data channel for sensing, or a signal transmitted by an uplink data channel for sensing, etc. The uplink data channel may be a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), etc., which are not exhaustive here.

[0062] The uplink reference signal used for sensing may refer to an uplink reference signal dedicated to sensing, that is, an uplink reference signal dedicated to sensing that is different from the SRS.

[0063] That the first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal may mean that a type of the first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal. For example, the first perception reference signal may be referred to as a first uplink perception reference signal.

[0064] In some other possible examples, the perception sending device and the perception receiving device may both be terminals. For example, the perception sending device may be a first terminal and the perception receiving device may be a second terminal. In this case, the first perception reference signal may be a sidelink signal used for perception.

[0065] In some possible implementations, the sensing receiving device and the sensing sending device may be devices in a wireless local area network (WLAN). The sensing receiving device may be a wireless access point (AP) and the sensing sending device may be a station (STA); or the sensing receiving device may be a STA and the sensing sending device may be an AP.

[0066] In this example, the first perception reference signal may be a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU). The PPDU may specifically refer to a PPDU used for perception. Specifically, the first perception reference signal being a PPDU may mean that the type of the first perception reference signal is a PPDU. For example, the first perception reference signal may be referred to as a first PPDU.

[0067] In some possible implementations, the sensing sending device sending the first sensing reference signal may include: the sensing sending device sending multiple sensing reference signals to the sensing receiving device, where any one of the multiple sensing reference signals is the first sensing reference signal.

[0068] Among the multiple sensing reference signals, different sensing reference signals occupy different time domain ranges, that is, the sending time of each sensing reference signal among the multiple sensing reference signals exists in a time sequence.

[0069] Optionally, the sensing sending device sends multiple sensing reference signals to the sensing receiving device, which may refer to: the sensing sending device sends a specified number of sensing reference signals to the sensing receiving device.

[0070] The specified number can be configured according to actual conditions. The specified number can be an integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the specified number can be 10, 100, 5, or more or less. It is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0071] The time interval between two adjacent perception reference signals in the specified number of perception reference signals may be preconfigured. For example, the time interval may be 1 second, 10 seconds, 1 minute, or longer or shorter, which is not limited here.

[0072] That is, in this example, there is no limit on how long it takes for the sensing sending device to complete sending all sensing reference signals, as long as all sensing reference signals are sent based on the preconfigured time interval and specified number.

[0073] Optionally, the sensing sending device sending multiple sensing reference signals to the sensing receiving device may refer to: the sensing sending device sending the multiple sensing reference signals to the sensing receiving device within a first duration.

[0074] The first duration can be set according to actual conditions, for example, it can be 10 minutes, 1 hour, 30 minutes, 1 minute, etc., which are not exhaustively listed here.

[0075] The number of the multiple perception reference signals is not limited in this example. Preferably, the number of the perception reference signals is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The description of the time interval between two adjacent perception reference signals in the multiple perception reference signals is the same as that in the above example and is not repeated here.

[0076] That is, in this example, there is no limit on how many sensing reference signals the sensing sending device sends, as long as all the sensing reference signals are sent based on the preconfigured time interval and the first duration.

[0077] In this application, any perception reference signal emitted by a perception sending device is referred to as a first perception reference signal, and the signal received by a perception receiving device is referred to as an echo signal of the first perception reference signal. This is because the first perception reference signal emitted by the perception sending device will be reflected by the perception target to obtain an echo signal, and this echo signal is the signal received by the perception receiving device. Therefore, the echo signal of the first perception reference signal specifically refers to the echo signal generated after the first perception reference signal is reflected by the perception target.

[0078] In addition to being used to authenticate the sensing sending device, the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal is also used to obtain corresponding sensing measurement data, where the sensing measurement data may refer to sensing measurement data related to the sensing target.

[0079] On the perception receiving device side, receiving the echo signal of the first perception reference signal may mean that the perception receiving device receives the echo signal of each perception reference signal in a plurality of perception reference signals, any one of the plurality of perception reference signals being the first perception reference signal.

[0080] The echo signal of each sensing reference signal is an echo signal generated after each sensing reference signal is reflected by the sensing target.

[0081] Specifically, the sensing receiving device receiving the echo signal of each of the multiple sensing reference signals may mean that the sensing receiving device receives the echo signals of different sensing reference signals within different time domain ranges. Here, the order in which the sensing transmitting device transmits the multiple sensing reference signals is theoretically the same as the order in which the sensing receiving device receives the echo signals of the multiple sensing reference signals.

[0082] In some possible implementations, the first perception reference signal is any one perception reference signal other than the first perception reference signal among all perception reference signals sent by the perception sending device; that is, the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is any one other than the echo signal of the first perception reference signal received by the perception receiving device.

[0083] It should be noted that this embodiment uses the echo signal of any perceptual reference signal other than the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal as an example to illustrate the subsequent authentication process. Since the authentication process for each perceptual reference signal echo signal other than the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal requiring authentication is identical to the authentication process for the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal, the authentication process for each perceptual reference signal echo signal will not be described in detail below for the sake of brevity. Furthermore, the perceptual reference signal echo signal for which authentication is required may include the echo signals of all perceptual reference signals other than the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal; alternatively, it may include the echo signals of at least some perceptual reference signals other than the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal.

[0084] After receiving the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, the processing on the perception receiving device may include: calculating a perception measurement parameter based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal. Specifically, calculating the perception measurement parameter based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal refers to calculating, based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0085] The perception measurement parameter may include one or more parameter types, which may also be referred to as physical layer attributes. That is, the perception measurement parameter may include a value for each of the one or more physical layer attributes corresponding to the first perception reference signal. The parameter type (or physical layer attribute) may be preconfigured.

[0086] In a preferred example, the perception measurement parameters include multiple parameter types. In this example, the perception measurement parameters can also be called multi-attribute perception measurement parameters; for example, the multi-attribute perception measurement parameters include at least two of the following parameter types: channel state information (CSI), received signal strength (RSS), received signal strength indication (RSSI), phase, Doppler shift, and angle of arrival (AOA). This is only an exemplary explanation. In actual processing, the parameter types included in the multi-attribute perception measurement parameters may be related to the perception service type, that is, as the perception service type is different, the parameter types included in the multi-attribute perception measurement parameters may be different. All possible situations are not limited or enumerated here.

[0087] The processing method for calculating the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal can be: the perception receiving device measures the echo signal of the first perception reference signal to obtain a channel estimation result, and calculates at least two of the CSI, RSS, RSSI, phase, Doppler frequency shift, and AOA corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal based on the channel estimation result; and uses at least two of the CSI, RSS, RSSI, phase, Doppler frequency shift, and AOA as the multi-attribute perception measurement parameters corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0088] In this example, the multi-attribute sensing measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal obtained by the sensing receiving device can be expressed as H[n]=[H1[n],…,H M [n]] Wherein, H[n] represents the multi-attribute perception measurement parameter (or can also be directly called the perception measurement parameter); M is the number of parameter types included in the multi-attribute perception measurement parameter, and M can be an integer greater than or equal to 2; “H1[n],…,H M [n]” represents the numerical value (or value) corresponding to each parameter type (i.e., the first parameter type to the Mth parameter type) in the M parameter types included in the multi-attribute perception measurement parameter.

[0089] In a possible example, the perception measurement parameter includes one parameter type. In this example, the parameter type may include at least one of the following: CSI, RSS, RSSI, phase, Doppler shift, and AOA.

[0090] The processing method for calculating the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal may be: the perception receiving device measures the echo signal of the first perception reference signal to obtain a channel estimation result, and calculates at least one of CSI, RSS, RSSI, phase, Doppler frequency shift, and AOA corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal based on the channel estimation result; and uses at least one of CSI, RSS, RSSI, phase, Doppler frequency shift, and AOA as the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0091] There is no limitation here on the method for determining the channel estimation result in the above example; in addition, there is no limitation here on the method for obtaining any one of the above CSI, RSS, carrier, timing, codeword, and phase based on the channel estimation result in the above example.

[0092] The processing after the perception receiving device calculates and obtains the perception measurement parameter may further include: authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter.

[0093] Optionally, the perceptual reference parameter is calculated based on an echo signal of a second perceptual reference signal, where the second perceptual reference signal is earlier than the first perceptual reference signal.

[0094] Specifically, the perceptual reference parameter is the perceptual measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the second perceptual reference signal, and the perceptual measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the second perceptual reference signal is calculated based on the echo signal of the second perceptual reference signal. The calculation method of the perceptual measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the second perceptual reference signal should be the same as the calculation method of the perceptual measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the aforementioned first perceptual reference signal, so it is not repeated; accordingly, the perceptual measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the second perceptual reference signal, that is, the parameter type and quantity included in the perceptual reference parameter, should be the same as the parameter type and quantity included in the perceptual measurement parameter, and no repeated description is made. In some examples, when the perceptual reference parameter includes multiple parameter types, the perceptual reference parameter can be referred to as a multi-attribute perceptual reference parameter.

[0095] The second perceptual reference signal being earlier than the first perceptual reference signal may mean that: a sending time of the second perceptual reference signal is earlier than a sending time of the first perceptual reference signal; and / or a receiving time of an echo signal of the second perceptual reference signal is earlier than a receiving time of an echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal.

[0096] The time may be expressed using a specified time-domain-related unit, which may be preconfigured or default. For example, the time-domain-related unit may be any one of a time slot, a second, a minute, an hour, a millisecond, a microsecond, a symbol, and the like. All possible time-domain-related units are not exhaustively listed or limited herein. Taking the time-domain-related unit as a time slot as an example, the time may specifically refer to a time slot. The second perception reference signal being earlier than the first perception reference signal may mean: the second perception reference signal is transmitted earlier than the first perception reference signal; and / or the echo signal of the second perception reference signal is received earlier than the echo signal of the first perception reference signal. Taking the time-domain-related unit as a second, a minute, or an hour as an example, the time may specifically refer to a moment. The second perception reference signal being earlier than the first perception reference signal may mean: the second perception reference signal is transmitted earlier than the first perception reference signal; and / or the echo signal of the second perception reference signal is received earlier than the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0097] The echo signal of the second perception reference signal may be determined or selected based on the reception time of the echo signal of the first perception reference signal and the authentication time domain interval. Specifically, the perception receiving device may determine the echo signal of the second perception reference signal by subtracting the authentication time domain interval from the reception time of the echo signal of the first perception reference signal to obtain a historical reception time, and use the echo signal of the perception reference signal received at the historical reception time as the echo signal of the second perception reference signal.

[0098] The authentication time domain interval may be preconfigured or predefined, and the authentication time domain interval is also expressed in a specified time domain related unit.

[0099] Taking the time domain related unit as a time slot as an example, the authentication time domain interval can be a number of time slots, such as one time slot, multiple time slots, etc. Accordingly, the perception receiving device can subtract the authentication time slot interval from the reception time slot of the echo signal of the first perception reference signal to obtain a historical reception time slot, and use the echo signal of the perception reference signal received in the historical reception time slot as the echo signal of the second perception reference signal. In some examples, the echo signal of the first perception reference signal can be received in the nth time slot, and the authentication time domain interval is l time slot. Then, the second perception reference signal can be received in the nlth time slot, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, l is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and n is greater than 1.

[0100] For example, if the authentication time domain interval is 1 time slot, it means that the perception receiving device starts from the echo signal of the second (or second received) perception reference signal, and continuously uses the echo signal of each perception reference signal as the echo signal of the first perception reference signal in this embodiment, and uses the echo signal of the perception reference signal received in the previous time slot of the echo signal of the first perception reference signal as the echo signal of the second perception reference signal for subsequent authentication processing. For example, if the authentication time domain interval is 2 time slots, it means that the perception receiving device uses the echo signal of the third (or the third received) perception reference signal as the echo signal of the first perception reference signal in this embodiment, and uses the echo signal of the perception reference signal received in the first two time slots before the echo signal of the first perception reference signal as the echo signal of the second perception reference signal; then, the echo signal of each perception reference signal after the third consecutive echo signal of the perception reference signal can be used in sequence as the echo signal of the first perception reference signal in this embodiment, and the echo signal of the perception reference signal received in the first two time slots before the echo signal of the first perception reference signal can be used in sequence as the echo signal of the second perception reference signal.

[0101] Taking seconds as an example, the authentication time domain interval may be 1 second, 5 seconds, or the like. Assuming the authentication time domain interval is 5 seconds, the sensing receiving device may subtract 5 seconds from the reception time of the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal to obtain a historical reception time, and use the echo signal of the sensing reference signal received at the historical reception time as the echo signal of the second sensing reference signal.

[0102] It should be understood that the above description is merely an example and does not intend to exhaustively list or limit all possible situations.

[0103] In combination with the above embodiments, it should also be noted that since the authentication time domain interval is preconfigured and the authentication time domain interval may be greater than the sending interval of two adjacent perception reference signals (or greater than the receiving interval of the echo signals of two adjacent perception reference signals), therefore, in some preferred examples, the perception receiving device can use the reception time of the echo signal of the first received perception reference signal as the basic reference time, and at least use the echo signal of the perception reference signal whose interval with the basic reference time is greater than or equal to the authentication time domain interval as the first perception reference signal.

[0104] In some possible examples, the authentication time domain interval may also be used to determine the echo signal of the first perception reference signal. For example, the processing of the perception receiving device may further include: if the time difference between the reception time of the echo signal of the currently received perception reference signal and the reception time of the echo signal of the perception reference signal that was last authenticated is equal to the authentication time domain interval, using the echo signal of the currently received perception reference signal as the echo signal of the first perception reference signal. For example, if the authentication time domain interval is one time slot, the processing is the same as in the above example and is not further described. For example, if the authentication time domain interval is 2 time slots, it means that the perception receiving device uses the echo signal of the third (or the third received) perception reference signal as the echo signal of the first perception reference signal in this embodiment, and uses the echo signal of the perception reference signal received 2 time slots before the echo signal of the first perception reference signal as the echo signal of the second perception reference signal; the next time, the echo signal of the fifth (or the fifth received) perception reference signal is again used as the echo signal of the first perception reference signal in this embodiment, and the echo signal of the perception reference signal received 2 time slots before the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is used as the echo signal of the new second perception reference signal, and they are processed in sequence.

[0105] Optionally, the perception reference parameter may be preconfigured or predefined. The parameter types included in the preconfigured or predefined perception reference parameter are also the same as the perception measurement parameter and are not described in detail. In some examples, when the perception reference parameter includes multiple parameter types, the perception reference parameter may be referred to as a multi-attribute perception reference parameter.

[0106] The authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter specifically refers to: authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter, the perception reference parameter and an authentication threshold.

[0107] Authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter, the perception reference parameter and the authentication threshold specifically refers to authenticating the perception sending device based on the similarity between the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter and the authentication threshold.

[0108] Furthermore, authenticating the perception sending device based on the similarity and authentication threshold between the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters may refer to: calculating the similarity between the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters based on the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type in the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters; and authenticating the perception sending device based on the similarity and the authentication threshold.

[0109] Here, the similarity can be represented by one of the following: Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, Chebyshev distance, cosine distance, etc.; different similarities can be calculated using different similarity calculation methods.

[0110] Optionally, the similarity is specifically represented by Euclidean distance. Based on the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter is calculated, which can be as follows: the squares of the differences between the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter are calculated and then squared to obtain the Euclidean distance between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, and the Euclidean distance is used as the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter. Among them, the squares of the differences between the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter are calculated and then squared to obtain the Euclidean distance between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, which can be as follows: the differences between the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter are calculated, and the L2 norm is calculated based on the differences between the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type to obtain the Euclidean distance between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter; the L2 norm is defined as the square root of the sum of the squares of all elements of a vector.

[0111] For example, taking the time domain correlation unit as time slot and the authentication time domain interval as 1 time slot, the above calculated Euclidean distance can be expressed as: diff Euc (H[n],H[n-1])=‖H[n]-H[n-1]‖2, where “diff Euc ()” represents the function for calculating the Euclidean distance; n represents the echo signal of the current first perception reference signal in the nth time slot; n-1 represents the echo signal of the second perception reference signal received in the time slot before the first perception reference signal; H[n] represents the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the first perception reference signal, which may specifically include H[n]=[H1[n],…,H M [n]], the specific description of this content is the same as the previous example and is not repeated here; H[n-1] represents the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the second perception reference signal; ‖.‖2 represents the L2 norm.

[0112] Optionally, the similarity is specifically represented by the Manhattan distance. Calculating the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter based on the values ​​corresponding to each identical parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter can be performed by calculating the square of the sum of the absolute values ​​of the differences between the values ​​corresponding to each identical parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter to obtain the Manhattan distance between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, and using the Manhattan distance as the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter.

[0113] For example, taking the time domain correlation unit as a time slot and the authentication time domain interval as 1 time slot, the above calculated Manhattan distance can be expressed as: Among them, "diff Man ()” represents a function for calculating Manhattan distance; the descriptions of n, n-1, H[n], and H[n-1] are the same as those in the above embodiment and are not repeated here; i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M; “H i [n]” represents the value of the i-th parameter type in the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception parameter; “H i [n-1]” represents the value of the i-th parameter type in the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the second perception parameter; |.| represents absolute value calculation.

[0114] Optionally, the similarity is specifically represented by a Chebyshev distance. Calculating the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter based on the values ​​corresponding to each identical parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter can be as follows: calculating the square of the absolute value of the difference between the values ​​corresponding to each identical parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, taking the maximum value of the square of the absolute value of the difference between the values ​​corresponding to each identical parameter type as the Chebyshev distance between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, and using the Chebyshev distance as the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter.

[0115] For example, taking the time domain correlation unit as a time slot and the authentication time domain interval as 1 time slot, the above calculated Chebyshev distance can be expressed as: Among them, "diff Che ()” represents the function for calculating Manhattan distance; Indicates taking the maximum value; n, n-1, H[n], H[n-1], i, "H i [n]", "H i The relevant description of "[n-1]" is the same as that of the above embodiment and will not be repeated.

[0116] Optionally, the similarity is specifically expressed by cosine distance (or cosine similarity). Based on the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter is calculated, which can be as follows: calculating the dot product of the values ​​corresponding to each same parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter to obtain a first value; calculating the square sum of the values ​​of each parameter type in the perceptual measurement parameter and then taking the square root to obtain a second value, calculating the square sum of the values ​​of each parameter type in the perceptual reference parameter and then taking the square root to obtain a third value, calculating the second value multiplied by the third value to obtain a fourth value; dividing the first value by the fourth value to obtain the cosine distance between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter, and using the cosine distance as the similarity between the perceptual measurement parameter and the perceptual reference parameter. Among them, calculating the square sum of the values ​​of each parameter type in the perceptual reference parameter and then taking the square root to obtain the third value can be: performing L2 norm calculation based on the values ​​of each parameter type in the perceptual reference parameter to obtain the third value.

[0117] For example, taking the time domain correlation unit as a time slot and the authentication time domain interval as 1 time slot, the above-calculated cosine distance (or cosine similarity) can be expressed as: Among them, "diff Cos ()” represents a function for calculating cosine distance (or cosine similarity); the descriptions of n, n-1, H[n], and H[n-1] are the same as those in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated; H T [n-1] represents the transpose of H[n-1]; “·” represents the dot product; ‖.‖2 represents the L2 norm.

[0118] It should be understood that the above are only several exemplary representations of similarity. In actual processing, other distances may be used to represent similarity, and correspondingly, other calculation methods may be used to calculate similarity. This embodiment does not enumerate all possible methods.

[0119] Authenticating the perception sending device based on the similarity and the authentication threshold may include: determining that authentication of the perception sending device is successful if the similarity is lower than the authentication threshold; and determining that authentication of the perception sending device fails if the similarity is not lower than the authentication threshold. Here, since similarity refers to the distance between the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter, a smaller distance indicates a greater similarity between the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter. Therefore, if the similarity is lower than a specified authentication threshold, it indicates that the similarity between the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter meets the requirement, and authentication of the perception sending device may be determined to be successful.

[0120] The above-mentioned determination that the authentication of the perception sending device is successful may refer to at least one of the following: determining that the perception sending device is a legitimate device, confirming that the first perception reference signal comes from a legitimate perception sending device, determining that the first perception reference signal is a trusted reference signal, etc.

[0121] The above authentication threshold may be preconfigured or predefined, and the authentication threshold may be a real number greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0122] Taking the time domain correlation unit as time slot and the authentication time domain interval as 1 time slot as an example, the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is received in the nth time slot. After the perception receiving device calculates the similarity between the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter, it can make the following judgment: Among them, "diff" represents the similarity calculation function, which can be any of the aforementioned calculation functions; η is the authentication threshold (a real number greater than 0 and less than 1). The smaller the authentication threshold, the higher the authentication accuracy.

[0123] Furthermore, based on the similarity and authentication threshold between the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters, after authenticating the perception sending device, the processing of the perception receiving device may also include: when the authentication of the perception sending device is successful, obtaining first perception measurement data corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0124] Among them, obtaining the first perception measurement data corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal may refer to: obtaining the first perception measurement data based on the channel estimation result of the echo signal of the first perception reference signal; this embodiment does not limit the specific method of obtaining the channel estimation result.

[0125] The first perception measurement data is obtained based on the channel estimation result, and the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception signal in the aforementioned embodiment is also obtained based on the channel estimation result. In some possible examples, the first perception measurement data may be the same as the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the aforementioned first perception signal. In some possible examples, the first perception measurement data may be different from the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the aforementioned first perception signal. For example, the first perception measurement data may be a data type that specifies the need to be reported, so the perception measurement parameter may be further processed to obtain the first perception measurement data. The above are all exemplary descriptions. Whether the first perception measurement data is the same as or different from the aforementioned perception measurement parameter is within the protection scope of this embodiment. As long as both are obtained based on the channel estimation result, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment. All possible situations are not exhaustively listed and limited here.

[0126] For example, the first perception measurement data may include at least one of the following data types: perception final results, such as the distance, speed, heartbeat, movement, etc. of the perception target; perception intermediate results, such as point cloud information, delay Doppler matrix, etc.; perception preliminary results, such as delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, etc.; perception original results, such as received signal (echo signal of the first perception reference signal) or original channel information (such as the echo signal of the first perception reference signal or the complex result of the channel response, amplitude, phase, I path / Q path, etc., and related operation results).

[0127] In addition, it may also include: in the case where authentication of the perception sending device fails, the echo signal of the first perception reference signal can be discarded to obtain the corresponding first perception measurement data, and / or the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal can be discarded, etc.

[0128] In some embodiments, after obtaining the first perception measurement data based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, the perception receiving device may further include: determining whether the echo signal of the currently received first perception reference signal is the echo signal of the last received perception reference signal; if not, continuing to monitor and receive the echo signal of the next perception reference signal, and then using the echo signal of the next perception reference signal as the echo signal of the new first perception reference signal, and again performing the same processing as the above embodiment; if the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is the echo signal of the last received perception reference signal, the perception receiving device may obtain an overall perception measurement result and report the overall perception measurement result.

[0129] In this embodiment, both the first perception reference signal and the new first perception reference signal are perception reference signals other than the perception reference signal sent for the first time by the perception sending device.

[0130] Optionally, the total perception measurement result may include: one or more perception measurement data, wherein the data type that may be included in each perception measurement data is the same as the first perception measurement data described above and is not further described. It should be noted that any one of the one or more perception measurement data may come from the echo signal of the perception reference signal received for the first time; or any one of the perception measurement data may come from the echo signal of any perception reference signal received other than the echo signal of the perception reference signal received for the first time (and obtained when the authentication of the perception sending device is successfully determined based on the echo signal of the perception reference signal), which is not limited here.

[0131] Optionally, the total perception measurement result may be calculated based on one or more perception measurement data, wherein the manner of calculating the total perception measurement result is not limited here.

[0132] In some possible implementations, the first perception reference signal is the first perception reference signal among all perception reference signals sent by the perception sending device; that is, the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is the echo signal of the first perception reference signal received by the perception receiving device.

[0133] In one embodiment, processing after receiving an echo signal of a first perception reference signal on a perception receiving device side may include: calculating a perception measurement parameter based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal. Specifically, calculating the perception measurement parameter based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal refers to calculating, based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, the perception measurement parameter corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0134] The processing after the perception receiving device calculates and obtains the perception measurement parameter may further include: authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter.

[0135] The authentication of the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters specifically refers to: authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameters, the perception reference parameters and the authentication threshold. The relevant descriptions of the perception measurement parameters and the authentication threshold are the same as those in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated. The parameter types contained in the perception reference parameters are still the same as those in the aforementioned perception measurement parameters and will not be repeated. The specific processing methods for authenticating the perception sending device based on the similarity between the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters, such as the method for calculating the similarity, the method for authenticating the perception sending device, etc., are the same as those in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated.

[0136] The difference from the previous embodiment is that the perceptual reference parameters can only be preconfigured or predefined. This is because in this embodiment, the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal is the echo signal of the perceptual reference signal received for the first time by the perceptual receiving device. Therefore, there is no earlier perceptual reference signal echo signal for reference. Therefore, preconfigured or predefined perceptual reference parameters are required to calculate the similarity.

[0137] Furthermore, after authenticating the perception sending device based on the similarity between the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter and an authentication threshold, the processing by the perception receiving device may further include: if authentication of the perception sending device is successful, obtaining first perception measurement data based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal. Furthermore, if authentication of the perception sending device fails, the processing may further include: if authentication of the perception sending device fails, not processing the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, for example, discarding the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, or not using the echo signal of the first perception reference signal to obtain corresponding perception measurement data. The specific processing method for obtaining the first perception measurement data is also the same as in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0138] In one embodiment, the first sensing reference signal carries a first signature for authenticating the sensing sending device, wherein the first signature is calculated based on a private key.

[0139] The private key may refer to the private key of the perception sending device. The method for obtaining or configuring the private key of the perception sending device is not limited in this embodiment.

[0140] The processing of the perception sending device when sending a first perception reference signal (i.e., the first perception reference signal or the perception reference signal sent for the first time) may include: the perception sending device adopts a signature algorithm to calculate a first signature based on a private key and data content used to calculate the signature, carries the first signature in the first perception reference signal, and sends the first perception reference signal.

[0141] The signature algorithm includes at least one of the following: RSA, SM2, JSON Web Signatures (JWS), and an elliptic curve-based signature algorithm. The SM2 algorithm is a domestically developed algorithm developed by the China National Cryptography Administration and is an asymmetric algorithm based on elliptic curves. This does not exhaustively list or limit signature algorithms.

[0142] The data content used to calculate the signature may refer to at least a portion of the content required to be carried in the first perception reference signal.

[0143] Exemplarily, when the perception receiving device is a terminal and the perception sending device is an access network device, the first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, and the content that the downlink perception reference signal needs to carry may include a reference signal sequence used to generate the downlink perception reference signal, and the data content used to calculate the signature may be the reference signal sequence.

[0144] Exemplarily, when the perception receiving device is an access network device and the perception sending device is a terminal, the first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, and the content that the downlink perception reference signal needs to carry may include a reference signal sequence used to generate the uplink perception reference signal, and the data content used to calculate the signature may be the reference signal sequence.

[0145] Exemplarily, when the sensing receiving device is a wireless access point (AP) and the sensing sending device is a station (STA), or when the sensing receiving device is a STA and the sensing sending device is an AP, the first sensing reference signal is a PPDU (e.g., a PPDU used for sensing), and the data content used to calculate the signature may be the content within all fields of the PPDU used for sensing, or the data content used to calculate the signature may be the content of a first designated field within all fields of the PPDU used for sensing. Here, the first designated field may include at least one of a field containing a preamble, a field containing a long training sequence, a field containing a short training sequence, and the like. Since the format of the PPDU used for sensing may vary depending on actual needs, this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively enumerate all possible fields or types or names of some designated fields that may be included in the PPDU. As long as, in actual processing, at least some fields within a frame used for sensing may be used to calculate the first signature, it falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0146] For example, the perception sending device adopts a signature algorithm, and the calculation based on the private key and the content to be sent to obtain the first signature may be: adopting the signature algorithm, and calculating the first signature on the content to be sent based on the private key. For another example, the signature algorithm includes hash calculation and encryption calculation; accordingly, the perception sending device adopts a signature algorithm, and the calculation based on the private key and the content to be sent to obtain the first signature may include: performing a hash calculation based on the content to be sent to obtain a hash value, and encrypting the hash value based on the private key to obtain the first signature. Here, the hash calculation may be SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm), and more specifically, the SHA may be SHA-256. It should be understood that this is only an exemplary description. In actual processing, as long as any hash calculation algorithm is used, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment. All possible hash calculation algorithms are not exhaustively listed and limited here.

[0147] The processing after the perception receiving device receives the echo signal of the first perception reference signal (i.e., the echo signal of the first perception reference signal or the echo signal of the perception reference signal received for the first time) may include: obtaining the first signature based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal The perception sending device is authenticated based on the public key and the first signature.

[0148] Obtaining the first signature based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal may include: the perception receiving device parsing the echo signal of the first perception reference signal to obtain the first signature. The parsing process may include demodulation and other processes, which are not limited or exhaustive here.

[0149] Furthermore, the sensing receiving device parsing the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal to obtain the first signature may specifically include: the sensing receiving device parsing the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal to obtain the first signature and data content for verification. The data content for verification may be data content used to verify the first signature. The data content for verification may be all or part of the data content carried in the first sensing reference signal. This is not limited herein; as long as the data content for verification is of the same type as the data content used to calculate the signature in the aforementioned embodiment, it falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0150] The public key may refer to the public key of the sensing transmitting device. On the sensing receiving device, the public key of the sensing transmitting device may be pre-configured on the sensing receiving device or pre-stored on the sensing receiving device. For example, the first sensing reference signal may carry the public key of the sensing transmitting device. Accordingly, the sensing receiving device may simultaneously extract the first signature and the public key of the sensing transmitting device from the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal. For example, the public key of the sensing transmitting device may be pre-stored on the sensing receiving device.

[0151] Optionally, authenticating the perception sending device based on the public key and the first signature may include: using a signature verification algorithm to decrypt the first signature based on the public key to obtain a security parameter to be verified, and authenticating the perception sending device based on the security parameter to be verified and the data content for verification. Authenticating the perception sending device based on the security parameter to be verified and the data content for verification may include one of the following: determining that the authentication of the perception sending device is successful when the security parameter to be verified and the data content for verification are the same; and determining that the authentication of the perception sending device is successful when the security parameter to be verified and the data content for verification are different.

[0152] Optionally, authenticating the perception sending device based on the public key and the first signature may include employing a signature verification algorithm, performing a hash calculation based on the data content for verification to obtain a verification hash value, decrypting the first signature based on the public key to obtain a decrypted value; and authenticating the perception sending device based on the decrypted value and the verification hash value. Authenticating the perception sending device based on the decrypted value and the verification hash value may include at least one of the following: determining that authentication of the perception sending device is successful if the decrypted value and the verification hash value are identical; and determining that authentication of the perception sending device is unsuccessful if the decrypted value and the verification hash value are different.

[0153] Furthermore, after authenticating the perception sending device based on the public key and the first signature, the processing by the perception receiving device may further include: if authentication of the perception sending device is successful, obtaining first perception measurement data based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal. Furthermore, if authentication of the perception sending device fails, the processing may further include: not processing the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, for example, discarding the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, or obtaining corresponding perception measurement data without using the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0154] The description of obtaining the first perception measurement data based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is the same as that in the above embodiment and is not repeated herein.

[0155] In one embodiment, the first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, and the first reference signal sequence is obtained based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence encryption calculation, where the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

[0156] The reference signal sequence may be at least a part of the content that needs to be carried in the first perception reference signal.

[0157] Exemplarily, when the perception receiving device is a terminal and the perception sending device is an access network device, the first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, and the content that the downlink perception reference signal needs to carry may include a reference signal sequence. Exemplarily, when the perception receiving device is an access network device and the perception sending device is a terminal, the first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, and the content that the downlink perception reference signal needs to carry may include a reference signal sequence. Exemplarily, when the perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP and the perception sending device is a station STA, or when the perception receiving device is a STA and the perception sending device is an AP, the first perception reference signal is a PPDU (such as a PPDU used for perception), and the reference signal sequence may be all the content in all fields of the PPDU used for perception, or the content of a second designated field. The second designated field and the first designated field may be identical, partially identical, or completely different. The second designated field may include at least one of a preamble field, a long training sequence field, a short training sequence field, and a training sequence field. For example, the reference signal sequence may be a training sequence (TRN) in the PPDU for sensing. For example, the reference signal sequence may be a long training sequence and / or a short training sequence in the PPDU for sensing. For example, the reference signal sequence may be the entire data content in the PPDU for sensing. Since the format of the PPDU for sensing may vary depending on actual needs, this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively enumerate all possible fields and types or names of some designated fields that may be included in the PPDU. As long as at least some fields within a frame for sensing may be used as reference signal sequences in actual processing, they are within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0158] The shared key can be any one of the following: a pre-shared key (PSK) between the perception receiving device and the perception sending device, a physical layer key generated by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device, a key derived based on a root key shared by the perception receiving device and the gateway, a key derived based on a root key shared by the perception sending device and the gateway, and the like.

[0159] Optionally, the manner in which the sensing sending device calculates the first reference signal sequence may include: encrypting the reference signal sequence based on a shared key to obtain the first reference signal sequence.

[0160] Optionally, sensing the manner in which the transmitting device calculates the first reference signal sequence may include: calculating an intermediate key based on a shared key, and encrypting the reference signal sequence based on the intermediate key to obtain the first reference signal sequence. Calculating the intermediate key based on the shared key may include: performing a hash calculation on the shared key to obtain the intermediate key. It should be understood that this is merely an example, and in actual processing, other calculation methods may be used to calculate the intermediate key based on the shared key, but this embodiment does not provide an exhaustive list.

[0161] The sensing sending device sending the first sensing reference signal may include performing modulation and other processing based on the first reference signal sequence to obtain the first sensing reference signal and sending the first sensing reference signal. This embodiment does not limit the specific manner in which the sensing sending device performs modulation and other related processing.

[0162] In some possible examples, this embodiment can be used in combination with the aforementioned embodiment of similarity-based authentication of a sensing transmitting device. Specifically, the sensing receiving device, using similarity and an authentication threshold, processes the sensing transmitting device after successful authentication, which may include: encrypting and calculating a second reference signal sequence based on the shared key and the reference signal sequence; generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence; and obtaining first sensing measurement data based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the first sensing reference signal.

[0163] Encrypting and calculating the second reference signal sequence based on the shared key and the reference signal sequence may refer to performing encryption and calculation on the reference signal sequence using the shared key based on an encryption algorithm to obtain the second reference signal sequence.

[0164] Among them, the encryption algorithm is the same for both the sensing sending device and the sensing receiving device. For example, the encryption algorithm can be pre-configured in both the sensing sending device and the sensing receiving device, and this embodiment does not limit its configuration method; for another example, the encryption algorithm can be pre-defined (or pre-determined) in the sensing sending device and configured by the sensing sending device to the sensing receiving device (that is, pre-configured on the sensing receiving device side); for another example, the encryption algorithm can be pre-defined (or pre-determined) in the sensing receiving device and configured by the sensing receiving device to the sensing sending device (that is, pre-configured on the sensing sending device side), etc., and all possible situations are not exhaustively listed and limited here. The reference signal sequence can be the same for both the sensing sending device and the sensing receiving device, that is, the reference signal sequence can be pre-configured in both the sensing sending device and the sensing receiving device, and this embodiment does not limit its configuration method. Further, the second reference signal sequence should theoretically be similar to or the same as the aforementioned first reference signal sequence.

[0165] Generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence may include performing modulation or other processing based on the second reference signal sequence to obtain an encrypted reference signal. This embodiment does not limit the specific manner in which the sensing receiving device performs modulation or other related processing on the second reference signal sequence; as long as the sensing receiving device and the sensing transmitting device utilize the same modulation scheme, the encrypted reference signal falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment. It should also be noted that the encrypted reference signal does not need to be transmitted; that is, the sensing receiving device only needs to modulate to obtain an encrypted reference signal to be transmitted.

[0166] Obtaining first perception measurement data based on the encrypted reference signal and the echo signal of the first perception reference signal may refer to: calculating a channel estimation result based on the encrypted reference signal and the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, and obtaining the first perception measurement data based on the channel estimation result.

[0167] For example, the first sensing reference signal sent by the sensing transmitting device is represented as x(t); the echo signal received by the sensing receiving device is y(t) = hx(t-τ) + w(t), where h covers antenna gain, path loss, etc., τ represents time delay, and w(t) represents additive white Gaussian noise. Channel estimation (or channel estimation result) can be calculated using the least squares method, for example, the frequency domain response of the echo signal y(t) is Y(k), k is the carrier, and the frequency domain response of the encrypted reference signal x′(t) is X′(k), then the channel estimation is expressed as It should be understood that this is merely an exemplary description, and any calculation method that can obtain a channel estimation result can be used in actual processing, and this embodiment does not limit or exhaustively list them.

[0168] The manner of obtaining the first perception measurement data based on the channel estimation result, and the content types that the first perception measurement data may contain, have been described in detail in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0169] In some possible examples, this embodiment can be used in combination with the aforementioned embodiment of the first signature authentication-based sensing sending device. In this example, the reference signal sequence can be the same as, or at least partially the same as, the data content used for verification, and the relationship between the two is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0170] After authenticating the perception transmitting device based on the public key and the first signature, the processing by the perception receiving device may further include: encrypting and calculating a second reference signal sequence based on the shared key and the reference signal sequence; generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence; and obtaining first perception measurement data based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the first perception reference signal. The detailed description of the above processing is the same as that of the previous embodiment and is therefore not repeated here.

[0171] In some possible implementations, before performing authentication processing on the sensing sending device and / or sensing receiving device side, relevant configuration information may be obtained in advance. This implementation is described in conjunction with different scenarios.

[0172] In the first scenario, the perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

[0173] In one example, a perception function entity pre-configures perception assistance information for a perception receiving device.

[0174] That is, at least one of the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval is not only pre-configured on the perception receiving device side, but also at least one of the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval can be included in the perception auxiliary information and pre-configured on the perception receiving device.

[0175] Specifically, the perception assistance information includes at least one of the following: the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval, the authentication time domain interval is used to determine the second perception reference signal before the first perception reference signal, and the perception assistance information is preconfigured or predefined.

[0176] The above-mentioned perception assistance information can also be alternatively called perception assistance data, or perception assistance related data, or perception assistance related information, etc.

[0177] Optionally, the above-mentioned perception auxiliary information may further include: a calculation method of the similarity.

[0178] Optionally, the above-mentioned perception assistance information may further include at least one of the following: a perception service identifier, a perception algorithm, and a perception measurement parameter type. The perception service identifier may refer to an identifier of the perception task or perception service being performed (for example, it may represent a perception service ID); the perception algorithm may include one or more perception algorithms required or usable for performing the current perception service or perception task, and the perception algorithm may be indicated by at least one of the identifier, name, and number of each perception algorithm in the one or more perception algorithms; and the perception measurement parameter type may include one or more parameter types required or measured for performing the current perception service or perception task.

[0179] The processing of the perception receiving device may further include: reporting the capability of the perception receiving device to a perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception receiving device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

[0180] The above-mentioned capabilities may specifically refer to perception capabilities. For example, the capability of perceiving a receiving device may refer to the perception capability of the receiving device; the capability of perceiving a sending device may refer to the perception capability of the sending device.

[0181] Taking the perception receiving device as a terminal as an example, the perception capability of the terminal includes at least one of the following: supported perception measurement results, supported calculation of perception results, processing capability of receiving perception signals, recognition capability of perception targets or perceptible target types, supported perception accuracy, and wireless capability.

[0182] The supported perception measurement results may refer to perception measurement results supported or allowed by the terminal, such as measuring at least one of the departure angle, arrival angle, and delay; or the supported perception measurement results may refer to a range of perception measurement results supported or allowed by the terminal, such as measuring at least one of the departure angle range, arrival angle range, and delay range.

[0183] The supported calculation of perception results may refer to the perception results supported or allowed to be calculated by the terminal, and the perception result may specifically refer to the type of perception result, such as at least one of the distance of the target (or perceived target), the speed of the target (or perceived target), the angle of the target (or perceived target), and the like.

[0184] The processing capability of receiving the perception signal (or perception reference signal) may refer to the processing capability supported or allowed by the terminal for receiving the perception signal (or perception reference signal), or may refer to the relevant processing capability of the perception reference signal supported or allowed by the terminal, for example, at least one of the maximum number of targets that the terminal can simultaneously perceive, the maximum distance that the terminal can perceive, and the like.

[0185] The recognition capability of the perceived target or the perceptible target type may refer to the recognition capability of the perceived target or the perceptible target type supported or allowed by the terminal. For example, the terminal only supports the perception of certain specific target types, which may be at least one of a target area, a target device, and the like.

[0186] The wireless capability includes at least one of the following: bandwidth supported for transmitting and receiving signals, processing capability supported for transmitting and receiving signals, supported beam scanning function, etc.

[0187] The ability to sense the sending device is similar to the above example and therefore will not be repeated.

[0188] Exemplarily, reporting the capability of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity may refer to the sensing receiving device reporting the capability of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity via the sensing sending device. In this case, the sensing receiving device may report the capability via AS (Access Stratum) signaling or message.

[0189] Accordingly, the processing of the perception sending device may include: receiving the capabilities of the perception receiving device; and sending the capabilities of the perception receiving device to the perception function entity. In addition, the processing of the perception sending device may also include: sending the capabilities of the perception sending device to the perception function entity. It should be noted that the order in which the perception sending device sends the capabilities of the perception sending device to the perception function entity and sends the capabilities of the perception receiving device to the perception function entity can be executed in any order. For example, the two can be executed simultaneously or separately, both of which are within the scope of protection of this embodiment and are not limited thereto.

[0190] Exemplarily, reporting the capability of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity may mean that the sensing receiving device directly reports the capability of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity. In this example, the sensing receiving device may report the capability via NAS (Non Access Stratum) signaling or message.

[0191] In this example, the perception sending device can only serve as a signaling forwarding device, and its specific processing is not limited. In addition, the processing of the perception sending device in this example can also include: sending the capabilities of the perception sending device to the perception function entity. The execution order of the perception sending device sending the capabilities of the perception sending device to the perception function entity and the perception receiving device directly reporting the capabilities of the perception receiving device to the perception function entity can be in no particular order. For example, the two can be executed simultaneously or separately, both of which are within the protection scope of this embodiment and are not limited. That is, the terminal directly reports the capabilities of the terminal to the perception function entity; the access network device can also report the capabilities of the access network device to the perception function entity.

[0192] After receiving the capabilities of the sensing receiving device, the sensing function entity may determine sensing assistance information that matches the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and send the sensing assistance information to the sensing receiving device. The processing of the sensing receiving device may include: receiving the sensing assistance information from the sensing function entity, that is, receiving the sensing assistance information configured by the sensing function entity.

[0193] It should also be pointed out that the perception function entity can receive the capabilities of the perception receiving device and the capabilities of the perception sending device. Therefore, the perception function entity can combine the capabilities of the perception receiving device and the capabilities of the perception sending device to jointly determine the perception auxiliary information.

[0194] Regarding the specific way in which the perception capability entity determines the authentication threshold, it can be determined by the authentication function entity based on historical statistical information. For example, the authentication threshold can be obtained based on statistics of multiple perception measurement parameters obtained historically by the perception receiving device. The statistical method can be set according to actual conditions and is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0195] The perception assistance information may be sent from the perception function entity to the perception receiving device via NAS (Non Access Stratum) signaling or messages. Alternatively, the perception function entity may send the perception assistance information to the perception receiving device via the perception sending device; accordingly, the perception receiving device receives the perception service information from the perception sending device. In this case, the perception assistance information may be carried in downlink AS signaling or messages.

[0196] That is, the terminal reports its capabilities to the perception function entity through the access network device; accordingly, the access network device receives the terminal's information and reports the terminal's capabilities to the perception function entity. In addition, the access network device can also report the capabilities of the access network device to the perception function entity. The perception function entity can combine the capabilities of the terminal and the capabilities of the access network device (or based solely on the capabilities of the terminal) to obtain perception assistance information and configure the perception assistance information for the terminal.

[0197] In another example, it is not limited to which information or information is used to configure the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval to the perception receiving device. For example, the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval can be configured to the perception receiving device by the same information; for another example, the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval can be configured to the perception receiving device by different information respectively; for another example, part of the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval is configured to the perception receiving device by one information, and the rest is configured to the perception receiving device by other information.

[0198] In this example, the processing of the sensing receiving device may also include: reporting the capabilities of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity, where the capabilities of the sensing receiving device are used to determine the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval. The instructions for reporting the capabilities of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity and the specific description of the capabilities are the same as those in the previous embodiment and are not repeated here.

[0199] After the perception function entity receives the capabilities of the perception receiving device, it can determine the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval that match the capabilities of the perception receiving device, and then can send the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval to the perception receiving device through the same information or different information.

[0200] That is, the terminal reports the capabilities of the terminal to the perception function entity through the access network device; accordingly, the access network device receives the terminal's information and reports the capabilities of the terminal to the perception function entity. In addition, the access network device can also report the capabilities of the access network device to the perception function entity. The perception function entity can determine the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval based on the capabilities of the terminal and the capabilities of the access network device (or only based on the capabilities of the terminal), and then configure the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval to the terminal through the same information or different information.

[0201] It should also be pointed out that the above-mentioned similarity calculation method may not be configured to the terminal by the perception function entity, that is, the terminal itself may determine which similarity calculation method to use based on its own capabilities, and it is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0202] In some possible examples, the perception receiving device and / or the perception sending device may also preconfigure or predefine other relevant parameters.

[0203] On the sensing receiving device side, the encryption algorithm is preconfigured. On the sensing sending device side, the encryption algorithm is predefined; the sensing sending device side uses a predetermined encryption algorithm. For example, the sensing sending device may predetermine the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and / or the capabilities of the sensing sending device. The encryption algorithm may be the algorithm used by the sensing sending device and the sensing receiving device in the aforementioned embodiments to encrypt the reference signal sequence.

[0204] Specifically, the processing of the perception sending device may further include: sending first algorithm configuration information to the perception receiving device, wherein the first algorithm configuration information is used to determine the encryption algorithm, and the encryption algorithm is determined based on the capabilities of the perception receiving device and / or the capabilities of the perception sending device. Correspondingly, the processing of the perception receiving device may further include: receiving the first algorithm configuration information from the perception sending device.

[0205] The manner in which the capabilities of the sensing receiving device are obtained on the sensing sending device side has been described in detail in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here. The manner in which the encryption algorithm is determined on the sensing sending device side based on the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and / or the capabilities of the sensing sending device is not limited in this embodiment. As long as the encryption algorithm ultimately determined is an algorithm that can be supported or executed by both the sensing receiving device and the sensing sending device, it is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0206] The first algorithm configuration information may include at least one of an encryption algorithm identifier, an encryption algorithm number, specific content of the encryption algorithm, a function used by the encryption algorithm, a name of the encryption algorithm, and the like.

[0207] That is, the terminal reports the capabilities of the terminal to the perception function entity through the access network device; accordingly, the access network device can determine the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the access network device and the capabilities of the terminal, and then send the first algorithm configuration information to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the same encryption algorithm as the access network device.

[0208] In this scenario, on the sensing receiving device side, the relevant configuration information of the sensing reference signal is preconfigured. On the sensing sending device side, the relevant configuration information of the sensing reference signal is predefined; the sensing sending device side is the predetermined relevant configuration information of the sensing reference signal. For example, the sensing sending device may predetermine the relevant configuration information of the sensing reference signal based on the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and / or the capabilities of the sensing sending device.

[0209] Specifically, the processing of the perception sending device may further include: sending relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the perception receiving device, where the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal may include at least one of the following: time domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal, frequency domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal, spatial domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal, and transmission mode indication information of the perception reference signal. Correspondingly, the processing of the perception receiving device may further include: receiving relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal from the perception sending device.

[0210] The time domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal may refer to the time domain resource occupied by each perception reference signal in the aforementioned embodiment. For example, the time domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal may include the time domain resource occupied by each perception reference signal; or the time domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal may include the time interval between any two adjacent perception reference signals, etc., which are not limited here.

[0211] The frequency domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal can be used to indicate the frequency domain resource occupied by each perception reference signal in the aforementioned embodiment. For example, the frequency domain resource occupied by each perception reference signal can be the same, in which case the frequency domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal can include only one piece of frequency domain resource information; or the frequency domain resources occupied by different perception reference signals can be different, in which case the frequency domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal can include the frequency domain resource occupied by each perception reference signal, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0212] The spatial resource indication information of the perception reference signal can be used to indicate the spatial resource indication information of each perception reference signal in the aforementioned embodiment. For example, the spatial resources of each perception reference signal can be the same, in which case the spatial resource indication information of the perception reference signal can include only one piece of spatial resource information; or the spatial resources of different perception reference signals can be different, in which case the spatial resource indication information of the perception reference signal can include the spatial resource of each perception reference signal, etc., which are not limited herein.

[0213] The transmission mode indication information of the perception reference signal may include one of the following: periodic, semi-persistent, aperiodic, etc.

[0214] Optionally, the configuration information related to the perception reference signal may further include at least one of the following: a repetition factor (Resource Repetition factor), a transmission period (the transmission mode is periodic transmission), muting information (Muting pattern-pat), etc.

[0215] The repetition factor indicates the number of resource repetitions for a perceptual reference signal. For example, perceptual reference signal resources (time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources) may constitute a resource set, and the repetition factor indicates the number of resource repetitions for each perceptual reference signal in an instance of the resource set. For example, if the downlink perceptual reference signal is a DL-PRS, the repetition factor indicates the number of times each DL-PRS resource is repeated for an instance of the DL-PRS resource set.

[0216] The sending period may be configured when the sending mode of the perception reference signal is periodic sending.

[0217] The muting information may indicate a resource location where the perception reference signal is not expected to be sent. Furthermore, the muting information may specifically indicate a bitmap of time domain locations (and / or frequency domain locations) where the perception reference signal is not expected to be sent at the resource (such as time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources) where the perception reference signal should be sent. Taking the downlink perception reference signal as DL-PRS as an example, the muting information refers to a bitmap of time locations where the DL PRS source is not expected to be sent for the DL PRS resource set. By configuring the muting information, interference can be reduced. Specifically, by configuring the muting information, the perception reference signal can be controlled not to be sent at the time-frequency resource location where the perception reference signal should be sent, while other reference signals can be sent at the same time-frequency resource location, or multiple transmit receive points (TRPs) can send PRS on the same time-frequency resource. In this way, interference to other reference signals or PRS sent by multiple TRPs on the same time-frequency resources can be reduced.

[0218] The manner in which the sensing transmitting device obtains the capabilities of the sensing receiving device is described in detail in the preceding embodiments and will not be repeated here. The manner in which the sensing transmitting device determines the relevant configuration information of the sensing reference signal based on the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and / or the capabilities of the sensing transmitting device is not limited in this embodiment; as long as both the sensing receiving device and the sensing transmitting device ultimately obtain the same relevant configuration information of the sensing reference signal, it falls within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0219] That is, the terminal reports the capabilities of the terminal to the perception function entity through the access network device; accordingly, the access network device can determine the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of the access network device and the capabilities of the terminal, and then send the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal that is the same as that of the access network device.

[0220] In the above scenario, the first algorithm configuration information and the configuration information related to the perception reference signal may be carried in the same information or message. For example, the perception sending device may send a first message to the perception receiving device, where the first message carries the first algorithm configuration information and the configuration information related to the perception reference signal. The first message may be any downlink AS message, such as an RRC (Radio Resource Control) message, a DCI (Downlink Control Information), or the like.

[0221] In the above scenario, the first algorithm configuration information and the related configuration information of the perception reference signal may be carried in different information or messages. For example, the perception sending device may send a first message to the perception receiving device, and the first message carries the first algorithm configuration information; and the perception sending device sends a second message to the perception receiving device, and the second message carries the related configuration information of the perception reference signal; wherein, the first message and the second message may be any downlink AS message, for example, it may be any one of an RRC (Radio Resource Control) message, a DCI (Downlink Control Information), etc.; and the first message and the second message occupy different time domain ranges, the first message may be earlier than the second message, or the first message may be later than the second message, etc., and all possible situations are not exhaustively enumerated here.

[0222] In some possible examples, the processing of the perception receiving device may further include: receiving, via the perception sending device, a perception service request from the perception function entity, where the perception service request may be used to trigger the execution of the perception service (or perception task). In addition, the triggering of the perception service execution may also be initiated by the perception receiving device, for example, by the perception receiving device sending the perception service request to the perception sending device (or via the perception sending device to the perception function entity) to trigger the execution of the perception service.

[0223] The above-mentioned perception service request may carry at least one of the following: a perception service identifier, a perception sending device identifier, and the like.

[0224] After the perception receiving device receives (or sends) the perception service request, it can also perform the aforementioned processing of reporting the capabilities of the perception receiving device, which will not be repeated here.

[0225] In the second scenario, the perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

[0226] In one example, the perception assistance information is configured by a perception function entity for a perception receiving device.

[0227] The processing of the sensing sending device may further include: sending the sensing sending device's capabilities to the sensing receiving device. The processing of the sensing receiving device may further include: receiving the sensing sending device's capabilities; and reporting the sensing sending device's capabilities to a sensing function entity, wherein the sensing sending device's capabilities are used to determine the sensing assistance information. In this case, the sensing sending device may report its capabilities via AS (Access Stratum) signaling or messages.

[0228] In addition, the processing of the sensing receiving device may further include: sending the capabilities of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity. It should be noted that the order in which the sensing receiving device sends the capabilities of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity and sends the capabilities of the sensing sending device to the sensing function entity can be executed in any order. For example, the two can be executed simultaneously or separately, and both are within the scope of protection of this embodiment and are not limited thereto.

[0229] The above description on capabilities is the same as that in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0230] After receiving the capabilities of the sensing sending device, the sensing function entity can determine the sensing auxiliary information that matches the capabilities of the sensing sending device, and then send the sensing auxiliary information to the sensing receiving device. This embodiment does not limit the specific processing method of the sensing capability entity to determine the sensing auxiliary information.

[0231] The processing of the perception receiving device may include: receiving perception auxiliary information from the perception function entity, that is, receiving the perception auxiliary information configured by the perception function entity. Among them, the perception receiving device may receive the perception auxiliary information configured by the perception function entity through any possible signaling or message between the perception function entity and the perception receiving device. It should also be pointed out that the perception function entity can receive the capability of the perception receiving device and the capability of the perception sending device. Therefore, the perception function entity can combine the capability of the perception receiving device and the function of the perception sending device to jointly determine at least one of the calculation method of the similarity, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval. This embodiment does not limit the specific processing method of the perception capability entity to specifically determine any one of the calculation method of the similarity, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval.

[0232] That is, the terminal reports its capabilities to the access network device, and the access network device reports the terminal capabilities to the perception function entity. Furthermore, the access network device may also report the capabilities of the access network device to the perception function entity. The perception function entity may determine at least one of the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval based on the terminal capabilities and the access network device capabilities (or solely on the terminal capabilities), and then configure the at least one of the above to the access network device using the perception auxiliary information.

[0233] In another example, it is not limited which information configures the calculation method of the similarity, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval to the perception receiving device.

[0234] The processing of the perception sending device is the same as the above example in the same scenario and will not be described in detail. The processing of the perception receiving device may also include: sending the capabilities of the perception receiving device to the perception function entity. It should be noted that the order of executing the perception receiving device sending the capabilities of the perception receiving device to the perception function entity and sending the capabilities of the perception sending device to the perception function entity can be of no particular order. For example, the two can be executed simultaneously or separately, both of which are within the scope of protection of this embodiment and are not limited thereto.

[0235] After the perception function entity receives the capabilities of the perception sending device, it can determine the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval that match the capabilities of the perception sending device, and then send the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval to the perception receiving device through the same information or different information.

[0236] That is, the terminal reports its own capabilities to the access network device, and the access network device reports the capabilities of the terminal to the perception function entity to report the capabilities of the terminal; in addition, the access network device can also report the capabilities of the access network device to the perception function entity. The perception function entity can determine the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval based on the capabilities of the terminal and the capabilities of the access network device (or only based on the capabilities of the terminal) and configure them to the access network device. It should also be pointed out that the above-mentioned similarity calculation method may not be configured to the access network device by the perception function entity, that is, the access network device itself can determine which similarity calculation method to use based on its own capabilities and / or the capabilities of the terminal, and it is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0237] In some possible examples, the perception receiving device and / or the perception sending device may also preconfigure or predefine other relevant parameters.

[0238] On the sensing sending device side, the encryption algorithm is preconfigured. On the sensing receiving device side, the encryption algorithm is predefined; the sensing receiving device side uses a predetermined encryption algorithm, for example, the sensing receiving device may predetermine the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and / or the capabilities of the sensing sending device.

[0239] Specifically, the processing of the perception receiving device may further include: sending second algorithm configuration information to the perception sending device, wherein the second algorithm configuration information is used to determine the encryption algorithm, where the encryption algorithm is determined based on the capabilities of the perception receiving device and / or the capabilities of the perception sending device. Accordingly, the processing of the perception sending device may further include: receiving the second algorithm configuration information from the perception receiving device.

[0240] The manner in which the capabilities of the sensing sending device are obtained on the sensing receiving device side has been described in detail in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here. The manner in which the encryption algorithm is determined on the sensing receiving device side based on the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and / or the capabilities of the sensing sending device is not limited in this embodiment. As long as the encryption algorithm ultimately determined is an algorithm that can be supported or executed by both the sensing receiving device and the sensing sending device, it is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0241] The second algorithm configuration information may include at least one of an encryption algorithm identifier, an encryption algorithm number, specific content of the encryption algorithm, a function used by the encryption algorithm, a name of the encryption algorithm, and the like.

[0242] That is, the terminal reports its own capabilities to the access network device, and the access network device can determine the encryption algorithm based on the capabilities of the access network device and the terminal, and then send the second algorithm configuration information to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the same encryption algorithm as the access network device.

[0243] In this scenario, on the sensing transmitting device side, the configuration information related to the sensing reference signal is preconfigured. On the sensing receiving device side, the configuration information related to the sensing reference signal is predefined; the sensing receiving device side may determine the configuration information related to the sensing reference signal in advance. For example, the sensing receiving device may determine the configuration information related to the sensing reference signal in advance based on the capabilities of the sensing receiving device and / or the capabilities of the sensing transmitting device.

[0244] Specifically, the processing of the perception receiving device may further include: sending relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the perception sending device, where the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal may include at least one of the following: time domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal, frequency domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal, spatial domain resource indication information of the perception reference signal, and transmission mode indication information of the perception reference signal. Correspondingly, the processing of the perception sending device may further include: receiving relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal from the perception receiving device.

[0245] Among them, the relevant description of the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal is the same as that in the previous embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0246] That is, the terminal reports its own capabilities to the access network device. Accordingly, the access network device can determine the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal based on the capabilities of the access network device and the capabilities of the terminal, and then send the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal that is the same as that of the access network device.

[0247] In the above scenario, the second algorithm configuration information and the configuration information related to the perception reference signal may be carried in the same information or message. For example, the perception receiving device may send a third message to the perception sending device, where the third message carries the second algorithm configuration information and the configuration information related to the perception reference signal. The third message may be any downlink AS message, such as an RRC message, a DCI message, or the like.

[0248] In the above scenario, the second algorithm configuration information and the configuration information related to the sensing reference signal can be carried in different information or messages. For example, the sensing receiving device can send a third message to the sensing sending device, where the third message carries the second algorithm configuration information; and the sensing receiving device can send a fourth message to the sensing receiving device, where the fourth message carries the configuration information related to the sensing reference signal. The third message and the fourth message can both be any downlink AS message, and they occupy different time domains. All possible scenarios are not exhaustively listed here.

[0249] In some possible examples, the processing of the perception receiving device may further include: receiving a perception service request from a perception function entity, where the perception service request may be used to trigger the execution of a perception service (or perception task); and sending the perception service request to the perception sending device. Alternatively, the triggering of the perception service execution may be initiated by the perception sending device, for example, by the perception sending device sending the perception service request to the perception receiving device (or via the perception receiving device to the perception function entity) to trigger the execution of the perception service. The perception service request may carry at least one of the following: a perception service identifier, a perception sending device identifier, and the like.

[0250] After the perception sending device receives (or sends) the perception service request, it can also perform the aforementioned processing of reporting the capabilities of the perception sending device, which will not be repeated here.

[0251] The perception function entity involved in the above two scenarios refers to a network element or device that can perform perception-related processing, and / or perception-related services, and / or support perception-related functions. The perception function entity can be deployed in one of the following: AF (Application Function), SF (Sensing Function), Sensing Client, Client UE. In some possible examples, the SF may include SF-C (Sensing Function-Control) and / or SF-U (Sensing Function-User). In this example, the perception function entity may be deployed in SF-C and / or SF-U.

[0252] In one possible embodiment, the perception receiving device and the perception sending device may be devices in a WLAN. The perception receiving device is an AP and the perception sending device is an STA; or the perception receiving device is an STA and the perception sending device is an AP. In this scenario, at least one of the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval is not only pre-configured or pre-defined on the perception receiving device side, but also at least one of the similarity calculation method, the authentication threshold, and the authentication time domain interval may be included in the perception auxiliary information and pre-configured or pre-defined on the perception receiving device side.

[0253] In one example, the perception assistance information may be predefined on the perception receiving device side. The processing that the perception receiving device may perform includes: configuring the perception assistance information to the perception sending device; that is, the perception assistance information on the perception sending device side may be preconfigured for it by the perception receiving device.

[0254] The sensing assistance information may include at least one of the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval. The sensing assistance information may be carried by a trigger frame (such as a SensingPolling Trigger frame).

[0255] In this scenario, the perception assistance information may also be referred to as reporting setting information.

[0256] Taking the perception auxiliary information as reporting setting information as an example, the reporting setting information may include: authentication algorithm setting information, authentication threshold setting information. The authentication algorithm setting information may include at least one of the following: similarity calculation method, and reference instance selected for comparison with the current instance.

[0257] The reference instance selected for comparison with the current instance may include an authentication time domain interval.

[0258] The authentication threshold setting information is used to indicate the authentication threshold that the similarity between the perceptual measurement result of the current measurement instance and the perceptual measurement result of a selected previous measurement instance must meet. For example, when there are multiple configurable authentication thresholds, this field can be 4 bits. When the value of this field is 0, the similarity is required to be 100%, that is, the authentication threshold is 0, that is, when the similarity calculated above, such as the Euclidean distance, reaches 0, the authentication threshold is met; when the value of this field is 0.01, the similarity is required to be greater than 99%, that is, when the similarity calculated above, such as the Euclidean distance, is less than 0.01, the authentication threshold is met; when the value of this field is 0.02, the similarity is required to be greater than 98%, that is, when the similarity calculated above, such as the Euclidean distance, is less than 0.02, the authentication threshold is met; when the value of this field is 0.1, the similarity is required to be greater than 90%, that is, when the similarity calculated above, such as the Euclidean distance, is less than 0.1, the authentication threshold is met, and so on.

[0259] In addition, the reported setting information may further include at least one of the following: a measurement instance identifier, a measurement setting identifier, and an authentication feedback identifier.

[0260] The measurement instance identifier is used to identify the measurement instance, for example, it may be the identifier of the current perception task, or it may be the identifier of the instance of measurement performed for the perception task.

[0261] The measurement setting identifier is used to identify the measurement settings used in the measurement instance. For example, it may include at least one of the following: one or more perception algorithms required or capable of being used to perform this perception service or perception task, and one or more parameter types required or required to be measured to perform this perception service or perception task.

[0262] The authentication feedback identifier can be used to indicate the authenticity of the current measurement instance. Its data type can be Boolean. For example, the authentication feedback identifier can indicate whether the similarity between the current measurement instance and a previous specific measurement instance is greater than the setting information of the authentication threshold. If it is greater, it is a first value; if it is less, it is a second value. Wherein, the first value is different from the second value, for example, the first value can be 1, or can be other values, and the second value can be 0, or can be other values. As long as the first value and the second value are different, it is within the protection scope of this embodiment, and no exhaustive list is given here. That is, the sensing receiving device can indicate whether the similarity obtained from any measurement meets the requirements of the authentication threshold by reporting the first value or the second value.

[0263] Optionally, after the perception sending device side receives the perception auxiliary information configured by the perception receiving device, the perception sending device can also perform the following processing: send reporting information to the perception receiving device, and the reporting information may include at least one of the following: a reference instance selected compared to the current instance, a measurement instance identifier, a measurement setting identifier, an authentication feedback identifier, etc.

[0264] The reporting information may be carried by a feedback frame (such as a clear to send (CTS)-to-self frame).

[0265] The above similarity calculation method, the reference instance selected for comparison with the current instance, the measurement instance identifier, the measurement setting identifier, and the authentication feedback identifier are all the same as those in the previous embodiment and are not described in detail.

[0266] That is, in this example, after the perception sending device is configured with perception auxiliary information, it can also send reporting information of the same content to the perception receiving device. Its function can be to enable the perception receiving device to confirm that the perception sending device has obtained the above configuration information, or to enable the perception receiving device to determine again whether the configurations of both parties are the same, etc., and all possible functions or effects are not limited or enumerated here.

[0267] Optionally, the sensing receiving device and / or the sensing sending device may also preconfigure or predefine an encryption algorithm. For example, the sensing receiving device may predefine an encryption algorithm and include the encryption algorithm in the reported setting information. Accordingly, the sensing sending device may receive the encryption algorithm in the reported setting information; furthermore, the sensing sending device may also include the encryption algorithm in the reported information. For another example, both the sensing receiving device and the sensing sending device may pre-store the same default encryption algorithm.

[0268] Regardless of the method used, as long as the sensing receiving device and the sensing sending device ultimately use the same encryption algorithm, they are within the protection scope of this embodiment.

[0269] In one example, perception assistance information can be predefined on the perception sending device side, and the perception assistance information can include at least: at least one of the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval. The processing that the perception sending device can perform includes: configuring the perception assistance information to the perception receiving device; that is, the perception assistance information on the perception receiving device side can be preconfigured for it by the perception sending device. The perception assistance information can be carried by a trigger frame (such as a SensingPolling Trigger frame). The perception assistance information can also be referred to as reporting setting information in this scenario. The description of the reporting setting information is the same as that in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated.

[0270] Optionally, after the perception receiving device receives the perception auxiliary information configured by the perception sending device, the perception receiving device may also perform the following processing: sending reporting information to the perception sending device, the reporting information may be carried by a feedback frame (such as a clear to send (CTS)-to-self frame), and the content included in the reporting information is the same as that in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated. That is, in this example, after the perception receiving device is configured with the perception auxiliary information, it may also send reporting information with the same content to the perception sending device, which may enable the perception sending device to confirm that the perception receiving device has obtained the above-mentioned configuration information, or it may enable the perception sending device to determine again whether the configurations of both parties are the same, etc., and all possible functions or effects are not limited or enumerated here.

[0271] Optionally, the sensing receiving device and / or the sensing sending device may also preconfigure or predefine an encryption algorithm. For example, an encryption algorithm may be predefined on the sensing sending device side, and the encryption algorithm may also be included in the reported setting information; accordingly, the encryption algorithm in the reported setting information may be received on the sensing receiving device side; in addition, the sensing receiving device may also include the above encryption algorithm in the reported information. For another example, both the sensing receiving device and the sensing sending device may pre-store the same default encryption algorithm. Regardless of which method is used, as long as the sensing receiving device and the sensing sending device ultimately use the same encryption algorithm, it is within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0272] A possible architecture of the authentication method provided in this embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG4 . FIG4 illustrates a downlink sensing scenario for an NR downlink. In FIG4 , the base station is the aforementioned sensing sending device, and the UE is the aforementioned sensing receiving device. Communication signals can be transmitted between the base station and the UE. The base station sends a sensing reference signal (for example, a DM-RS, CSI-RS, PRS, etc.), and the UE receives and measures the echo signal reflected after passing through a sensing target (simply represented as a target in FIG4 ). To ensure the authenticity of the sensing signal, the receiving UE calculates the similarity between multiple physical layer attributes measured in the current time slot and multiple physical layer attributes measured in a previous time slot, and compares it with the authentication threshold sent by the SF to determine the source of the sensing signal (for example, determining whether the source of the sensing reference signal is legitimate, or determining whether the sensing reference signal comes from a legitimate base station). Because when transmitters at different locations and different devices send sensing reference signals, the relevant attributes of the multi-attribute sensing measurement parameters obtained by the receiving end (such as at least one of the mean vector μ and the covariance matrix Σ, etc.) are different, the sensing reference signal transmitter can be authenticated by using multi-attribute sensing measurements.

[0273] Based on the scenario of FIG4 and in combination with FIG5, the authentication method is exemplarily described by taking the base station as the aforementioned sensing sending device and the UE as the aforementioned sensing receiving device as an example:

[0274] Step 501: A sensing function entity (e.g., at least one of the following: AF, SF, Sensing client, Client UE) sends a sensing service request to a base station. This step is merely an example. In actual processing, the UE itself may also trigger the sensing service request, which is not limited or exhaustive here.

[0275] Step 502: The base station sends a sensing capability request to the UE. The sensing capability request includes a sensing service identifier, a base station identifier, and the like.

[0276] Step 503: The UE reports its sensing capabilities to the base station and the sensing function entity. For example, the UE may report its sensing capabilities to the base station, and the base station may report the UE's sensing capabilities to the sensing function entity. The base station may also report its own sensing capabilities to the sensing function entity, which is not limited here.

[0277] Step 504: The sensing function entity obtains sensing assistance data based on the UE's sensing capabilities (or the UE's sensing capabilities and the gNB's sensing capabilities) and sends the sensing assistance data to the UE. The sensing assistance data includes at least one of the following: a sensing service identifier, a sensing algorithm, a sensing measurement parameter type, a similarity calculation method (or calculation method), an authentication time slot interval (or authentication time domain interval), and an authentication threshold.

[0278] Step 505: The base station determines the sensing reference signal resources according to the sensing capability of the UE, and sends the sensing reference signal configuration information to the UE through RRC signaling.

[0279] Among them, the reference signal configuration information (i.e., the relevant configuration information of the perception reference signal in the aforementioned embodiment) includes but is not limited to the following items: indication information of the time domain resources, frequency domain resources and spatial domain resources of the reference signal, reference signal transmission mode (periodic, semi-persistent, non-periodic), etc.

[0280] In addition, the base station can also indicate the type of reference signal received by the UE. The reference signal can be a newly defined downlink perception reference signal, CSI-RS, a downlink data channel-based perception reference signal, DL-PRS, DM-RS, etc.

[0281] Step 506: The base station generates a sensing reference signal based on the sensing reference signal configuration information and sends it to the sensing target. In this step, the base station sequentially sends multiple sensing reference signals based on the sensing reference signal configuration information and sends them to the sensing targets respectively. For clarity, Figure 4 uses sensing reference signals sent in different time slots to illustrate each. For example, in the 0th time slot, a sensing reference signal is sent (this can be called the first sensing reference signal), and in the nth time slot, a sensing reference signal is sent (this can also be called the n+1th sensing reference signal), where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0282] Here, since the 0th time slot requires high-layer authentication, the perception reference signal generation and / or authentication process of the 0th time slot and subsequent time slots may be different. For details, refer to the description of step 507.

[0283] Step 507: The UE uses high-level cryptographic technology to authenticate the echo signal of the sensing reference signal received for the first time; after authentication, it performs channel estimation and stores the multi-attribute sensing measurement parameters.

[0284] When the UE receives the echo signal of the sensing reference signal for the first time in the 0th time slot, it needs to use high-level cryptographic technology to perform identity authentication.

[0285] Method 1: Using a digital signature method, in this case, the UE and the base station are assigned a public key and a private key. The base station uses the private key to calculate a first signature on the hash message of the first sensing reference signal, and then sends the first sensing reference signal to the UE. After the UE receives the echo signal of the first sensing reference signal, the UE verifies the first signature using the public key. For example, with reference to Figure 6, an exemplary method for signature calculation and verification is provided. User A (for example, the base station in this example) calculates a one-way hash function on a file to generate a 128-bit digest, encrypts the 128-bit digest using A's private key to obtain an encrypted digest, and sends the file, the encrypted digest, and A's public key (optional) to user B. After receiving the file, user B (for example, the UE in this example) also calculates a one-way hash function on the file to generate a 128-bit digest to be verified, and decrypts the encrypted digest using A's public key to obtain a decrypted 128-bit digest. The decrypted 128-bit digest is then determined to be equal to the 128-bit digest to be verified. If they are equal, verification succeeds; otherwise, verification fails.

[0286] Method 2: The perception assistance data sent by the perception function entity contains the reference multi-attribute perception measurement H r (i.e., perception reference parameter), the UE performs channel estimation after receiving the echo signal of the perception reference signal for the first time, obtains H[0], and then compares H[0] with the reference multi-attribute perception measurement H r Perform similarity calculation to determine whether the first received perception signal is legitimate. This method requires that a perception service process has been established before.

[0287] Method 3: The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, and the first reference signal sequence is obtained based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence encryption calculation, where the shared key is shared by the base station and the UE; after the UE receives the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, it can perform subsequent processing in combination with method 1 or method 2. The specific description is the same as that of the previous embodiment and is not repeated here.

[0288] The above-mentioned multi-attribute perception measurement parameters can be at least one (preferably at least two) of CSI (channel impulse response, channel frequency response), RSSI, phase, Doppler shift, angle of arrival (AOA), etc., which is related to the perception service type.

[0289] Step 508: The UE calculates the similarity between the multi-attribute sensing measurement of the current time slot and the attribute sensing measurement of a previous time slot according to the instruction of the sensing function entity. If it is lower than the authentication threshold, the UE determines that the sensing signal comes from a legitimate base station, otherwise the sensing measurement data is discarded.

[0290] Here, in the calculation of the similarity of multi-attribute perception measurements, the time slot interval between the current measurement (that is, the echo signal of the perception reference signal other than the first perception reference signal) and a previous measurement is flexibly determined by the SF. It can be two adjacent time slots (higher authentication accuracy) or multiple time slots (lower authentication accuracy).

[0291] Among them, the similarity diff(H[n],H[nl]) is a measure of the similarity between the multi-attribute perception measurement of the nth time slot and the multi-attribute perception measurement of the (nl)th time slot, where l is the time slot interval and l=1 means that continuous time slots are used for physical layer authentication. For example, in the nth time slot, the perception measurement parameters obtained by the UE are H[n]=[H1[n],H2[n],…,H M [n]], where M is the number of perceptual measurement attributes. The similarity between H[n] and H[n-1] can be expressed using Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, Chebyshev distance, cosine distance, and the like. The specific calculation methods for various distances have been described in detail in the previous embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0292] In the nth time slot, the UE makes the following decisions Wherein η is the authentication threshold parameter sent by SF, which is a real number greater than 0 and less than 1. The smaller the value, the higher the authentication accuracy. The value of η is determined by the perception function entity based on historical statistical information (such as historical statistical CSI, etc.).

[0293] Step 509: After multiple measurements and authentications, the UE obtains and stores perception measurement data and sends the obtained perception measurement data to the perception function entity. Specifically, after multiple measurements and authentications, the UE obtains all perception measurement data obtained when the authentication is successful, and directly sends all the obtained perception measurement data to the perception function entity. Alternatively, after multiple measurements and authentications, the UE obtains all the perception measurement data obtained when the authentication is successful, processes all the obtained perception measurement data, obtains a perception measurement result, and sends the perception measurement result to the perception function entity.

[0294] Another possible architecture of the authentication method provided in this embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG7. FIG7 illustrates an uplink sensing scenario of the NR uplink (UE transmits and base station receives, PUSCH channel). In FIG7, the base station is the aforementioned sensing receiving device, and the UE is the aforementioned sensing sending device. Communication signals can be transmitted between the base station and the UE. The UE sends a sensing reference signal (which can also be DM-RS, SRS, etc.), and the base station receives and measures the echo signal reflected after passing through the sensing target (simply represented as the target in FIG7). To ensure the authenticity of the sensing signal, the receiving base station calculates the similarity measure of multiple physical layer attributes measured in the current time slot and multiple physical layer attributes measured in a previous time slot, and compares it with the threshold sent by the authentication function entity to determine the source of the sensing reference signal.

[0295] Based on the scenario of FIG. 7 and in combination with FIG. 8 , the authentication method is further described by taking the UE as the aforementioned sensing sending device and the base station as the aforementioned sensing receiving device as an example:

[0296] Steps 801 to 803 are the same as steps 501 to 503 in the example of FIG. 5 , and are not described again.

[0297] Step 804: The sensing function entity sends sensing assistance data to the base station based on the sensing capability of the UE. The sensing assistance data includes at least one of the following: a sensing service identifier, a sensing algorithm, a sensing measurement parameter type, a similarity calculation method (or similarity calculation method), an authentication time slot interval (or authentication time domain interval), an authentication threshold, etc.

[0298] Step 805 is similar to step 505 corresponding to FIG5 , except that in this example, the base station instructs the UE to send an uplink reference signal, such as an SRS.

[0299] Step 806: The UE generates a sensing reference signal based on the configuration information and sends it to the sensing target. In this step, the UE sequentially sends multiple sensing reference signals based on the sensing reference signal configuration information and sends them to the sensing targets. For clarity, Figure 8 uses sensing reference signals sent in different time slots to illustrate each. For example, in the 0th time slot, a sensing reference signal is sent (this can be called the first sensing reference signal), and in the nth time slot, a sensing reference signal is sent (this can also be called the n+1th sensing reference signal), where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0300] Here, since the 0th time slot requires high-layer authentication, the perception reference signal generation and / or authentication process of the 0th time slot and subsequent time slots may be different. For details, refer to the description of step 807.

[0301] Step 807: The base station uses high-level cryptographic technology to authenticate the echo signal of the sensing reference signal received for the first time; after the authentication is successful, channel estimation is performed and the multi-attribute sensing measurement parameters are stored.

[0302] Among them, when the base station receives the echo signal of the sensing reference signal for the first time in the 0th time slot, it needs to use high-level cryptographic technology for identity authentication. Method 1: Using the digital signature method; Method 2: The sensing auxiliary data sent by the sensing function entity contains the reference multi-attribute sensing measurement H r (i.e., perception reference parameter), the base station performs channel estimation after receiving the echo signal of the perception reference signal for the first time, obtains H[0], and then compares H[0] with the reference multi-attribute perception measurement H r Perform similarity calculation to determine whether the perception signal received for the first time is legal. Method 3: The first perception reference signal is obtained based on the first reference signal sequence, and the first reference signal sequence is obtained based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence encryption calculation, and the shared key is shared by the base station and the UE; after the base station receives the echo signal of the first perception reference signal, it can be combined with method 1 or method 2 for subsequent processing. The specific description is the same as the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. The above-mentioned multi-attribute perception measurement parameters can be CSI (channel impulse response, channel frequency response), RSSI, phase, Doppler shift, angle of arrival (AOA), etc., which are related to the perception service type.

[0303] Step 808: The base station calculates the similarity between the multi-attribute perception measurement of the current time slot and the attribute perception measurement of a previous time slot according to the instruction of the perception function entity. If it is lower than the authentication threshold, the base station determines that the perception signal comes from a legitimate UE; otherwise, the perception measurement data is discarded.

[0304] Step 809: After multiple measurements and authentications, the base station obtains perception measurement data and sends the perception measurement data to the perception function entity. Specifically, after multiple measurements and authentications, the base station obtains all the perception measurement data obtained if the authentication is successful, and directly sends all the obtained perception measurement data to the perception function entity. Alternatively, after multiple measurements and authentications, the base station obtains all the perception measurement data obtained if the authentication is successful, processes all the obtained perception measurement data, obtains a perception measurement result, and sends the perception measurement result to the perception function entity.

[0305] Another possible architecture of the authentication method provided in this embodiment is illustrated in conjunction with FIG9 . FIG9 illustrates a Wi-Fi sensing scenario in which a sensing transmitting device (e.g., a sensing initiator / transmitter, specifically an AP) transmits a sensing reference signal (in this example, the PPDU for sensing illustrated in FIG9 ), which is received by a sensing receiving device (e.g., a sensing responder / receiver, specifically an STA) and performs sensing measurements. To ensure the authenticity of the sensing signal, the receiving STA calculates a similarity metric between multiple physical layer attributes measured in the current instance and multiple physical layer attributes measured in a previous instance, and compares the similarity metric with the authentication threshold to determine whether the source of the sensing reference signal is legitimate.

[0306] Based on the scenario of FIG. 9 and in combination with FIG. 10 , the authentication method is further described in an exemplary manner, taking the AP as the aforementioned sensing sending device and the STA as the aforementioned sensing receiving device as an example:

[0307] Step 1000: The AP and the STA share a key K. The key K can be a physical layer key generated by the AP and the STA, or a key derived from a root key shared by the LAN gateway and the STA.

[0308] Step 1001: The AP sends a trigger frame (such as a SensingPolling Trigger frame) to the STA as a sensing service request, which includes sensing reporting setting information. In some embodiments, the reported setting information includes at least one of the following: a measurement instance identifier, used to identify the measurement instance; a measurement setting identifier, used to identify the measurement setting used by the measurement instance; authentication algorithm setting information, including the similarity calculation method used and the reference instance selected for comparison with the current instance; authentication threshold setting information, used to indicate the threshold that the similarity between the perceptual measurement result of the current measurement instance and the perceptual measurement result of a previous measurement instance needs to meet. For example, when there are 10 configurable thresholds, this field can be 4 bits. When the value of this field is 0, the similarity is required to be 100%. When the value of this field is 0.01, the similarity is required to be greater than 99%. When the value of this field is 0.02, the similarity is required to be greater than 98%. When the value of this field is 0.1, the similarity is required to be greater than 90%. An authentication feedback identifier is used to indicate the authenticity of the current measurement instance. Its data type can be Boolean. For example, the authentication feedback identifier can indicate whether the similarity between the current measurement instance and a previous specific measurement instance is greater than the authentication threshold setting information, which is greater than 1 and less than 0.

[0309] Step 1002: The STA sends a feedback frame (such as a clear to send (CTS)-to-self frame) to the AP according to the perception reporting setting information of the trigger frame as a perception service response, and the response includes perception reporting information.

[0310] Optionally, the reported information includes at least one of the following (same as above, because both AP and STA can act as perception initiator / responder / sender / receiver): measurement instance identifier, measurement setting identifier, authentication threshold setting information, authentication feedback identifier.

[0311] Step 1003: Based on the aforementioned perception measurement setting process, the AP sends a first measurement frame (i.e., the first perception reference signal, specifically a Null Data Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (Null Data PPDU, NDP)) to the STA performing the perception measurement, and the STA performs the measurement.

[0312] It should be noted that the AP sequentially sends multiple sensing reference signals (i.e., multiple measurement frames) to the sensing targets. For clarity, Figure 10 uses different sequence numbers to illustrate each. For example, the first measurement frame is sent first, followed by multiple measurement frames. For example, Figure 10 illustrates the nth measurement frame, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0313] Since the first measurement frame requires high-layer authentication, the sensing reference signal generation process of the first trigger frame and subsequent measurement frames is different (unless a sensing measurement instance has been established before), see step 1004 for details.

[0314] As shown in Figure 11a, a PPDU format includes the Non-HT (Legacy) Short Training Field (L-STF), the Non-HT (Legacy) Long Training Field (L-LTF), the Non-HT (Legacy) Signal Field (L-SIG), and the Data (i.e., the Non-HT Data Field). The Data field includes the Service field, which can contain 16 zeros and is used to initialize the data scrambler; the PSDU, which can contain a PLCP Service Data Unit (PSDU), a variable-length field; the Tail field, which is the tail bit required to terminate the convolutional code and uses six zeros for a single coded stream; and the Pad Bits, which ensure the Non-HT Data field contains an integer number of symbols. If the PPDU is an NDP, the Data field is null.

[0315] As shown in Figure 11b, an NDP format includes: a Preamble field, a Data field, and multiple TRN (training sequence) fields; among which the Preamble field and the Data field are used to point the sensing receiver to the los or optimal path, and the TRN is used to scan different areas for sensing.

[0316] As shown in Figure 11c, another PPDU format includes: a preamble field, which includes a long field (Long) and a short field (Short). Specifically, the preamble field (used for synchronization, totaling 12 symbols) includes an STS (Short Training Sequence) field, which may include 10 short symbols; and an LTS (Long Training Sequence) field, which may include 2 long symbols. It may also include a signal field, which includes 1 symbol; and data or payload, which includes Data1 to DataN fields, which may include a variable number of OFDM symbols, with each Data field containing 1 OFDM symbol. When the PPDU is an NDP, the data field is null.

[0317] Step 1004: The STA receives the first measurement frame sent by the AP, and authenticates the first measurement frame based on high-level cryptographic technology. After authentication, the STA performs channel estimation and stores multi-attribute sensing measurement parameters.

[0318] This step is the first time that a STA receives a measurement frame, so high-level cryptographic technology is required for identity authentication:

[0319] Method 1: Using a digital signature method, the STA and AP are assigned public and private keys. The AP uses the private key to sign the hash message of the first measurement frame (i.e., obtains a first signature) and then sends the first measurement frame to the STA. After receiving the first sensing frame, the STA verifies the signature of the first measurement frame using the public key. Here, the AP can sign a hash message of the contents of all fields of the first measurement frame, or a hash message of a portion of designated fields of the first measurement frame. For example, with reference to Figure 11b, a hash message can be calculated for the Preamble, Data, and TRN, and then signed. Alternatively, a hash message can be calculated for the Preamble (i.e., the designated field is the Preamble) and then signed. Alternatively, a hash message can be calculated for the TRN (i.e., the designated field is the TRN) and then signed. For another example, with reference to Figure 11c, a hash message can be calculated for the STS field (i.e., the designated field is the STS field) and then signed. Alternatively, a hash message can be calculated for the STS and LTS fields (i.e., the designated field includes both the STS and LTS fields) and then signed. This is not intended to be a limit or exhaustive list of all possible situations.

[0320] Method 2: The AP includes the reference historical multi-attribute sensing measurement H in the first trigger frame r ,After receiving NDP for the first time, STA performs channel estimation and obtains H[1], then compares H[1] with the reference multi-attribute perception measurement H r Perform similarity calculation to determine whether the first received perception signal is legitimate. This method requires that a perception instance process has been established before. The specific calculation method for similarity is the same as the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0321] Method 3: The AP encrypts the reference signal sequence of the first measurement frame based on the key K and sends the encrypted first measurement frame; the STA generates the same encryption sequence as the AP side based on the shared key K, performs channel estimation on the encrypted first measurement frame, and then combines method 1 or method 2 for subsequent processing. The specific description is the same as the previous embodiment and is not repeated here. This process implicitly verifies whether the first measurement frame is legal. For example, in conjunction with Figure 11b, the AP can encrypt the training sequence TRN into the TRN1 sequence, and then the AP sends the encrypted NDP; the STA generates the same TRN1 sequence as the AP side based on the key K and performs channel estimation.

[0322] Step 1005: Starting from the second measurement frame, the STA calculates the similarity between the current instance's perception measurement and the perception measurement of a previous instance according to the measurement setup process in steps 1001 and / or 1002. If the similarity is below the authentication threshold, the STA determines that the perception signal comes from a legitimate AP. Otherwise, the perception measurement data is discarded. The specific similarity calculation process in this step is the same as in the previous embodiment and is not further described.

[0323] Step 1006 (optional): After multiple measurements and authentications, the STA obtains and stores the perception measurement data, and sends the perception measurement data to the AP.

[0324] Specifically, after multiple measurements and authentications, the STA obtains all the perception measurement data obtained when the authentication is successful, and sends all the obtained perception measurement data directly to the AP; or, after multiple measurements and authentications, the STA obtains all the perception measurement data obtained when the authentication is successful, processes all the obtained perception measurement data, obtains the perception measurement result, and sends the perception measurement result to the AP.

[0325] By adopting the above scheme, the perception sending device can be authenticated on the perception receiving device side based on the echo signal of the currently received perception reference signal. In this way, it can be ensured that the perception receiving device can complete the perception measurement while ensuring that the measurement is performed on the perception reference signal sent by the legitimate device, thereby ensuring the security of the perception processing.

[0326] In combination with relevant technologies, the beneficial effects of the authentication method provided in the embodiment of the present application are further analyzed and explained.

[0327] With reference to Figure 12, the sensing scenarios can be divided into the following four categories: Among them, the first type of UE-gNB sensing can be used for most sensing scenarios, including the scenario where the gNB sends a sensing signal and the UE receives the reflected signal of the sensing signal (the reflected signal can be called an echo signal in some possible examples), as well as the scenario where the UE sends a sensing signal and the gNB receives the reflected signal of the sensing signal; the second type of UE sensing is applicable to to C mode sensing and can be used in indoor scenarios with limited sensing range, including the scenario where UE1 sends a sensing signal and UE2 receives the reflected signal of the sensing signal, as well as the scenario where the UE sends a sensing signal and receives the reflected signal of the sensing signal; the third type of gNB sensing is applicable to to B mode sensing and can be used in outdoor scenarios with a larger sensing range, including the scenario where gNB1 sends a sensing signal and gNB2 receives the reflected signal of the sensing signal, as well as the scenario where the gNB sends a sensing signal and receives the reflected signal of the sensing signal. In the fourth type of multi-site sensing, there is collaborative sensing of multiple sensing nodes. These sensing nodes can be UEs or base stations. For example, a gNB sends a sensing signal, and UE1 and UE2 receive the sensing signal (specifically, the reflected signal of the sensing signal). For another example, gNB1 and gNB2 send a sensing signal, and the UE receives the sensing signal (specifically, the reflected signal of the sensing signal).

[0328] The UE uses one or more non-3GPP sensors (such as cameras, lidar, and 3GPP-based sensors) for sensing. In 3GPP 5G wireless sensing, sensor transmitters and sensor receivers sense surrounding stationary and moving objects through time difference of arrival (TDoA), angle of arrival (AoA), angle of departure (AoD) measurements, RSSI, and other metrics. Taking UE-to-base station (BS) sensing as an example, as shown in Figure 13, the BS transmits sensing signals to multiple sensing targets (targets 1 to K in Figure 13, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 2). UE1 and UE2 can receive the reflected signals of each sensing signal, respectively. Transparent sensing is a use case in which 3GPP sensing data is captured and communicated by the sensor transmitter and / or sensor receiver, making the 5GS aware of the 3GPP sensing data. Non-3GPP sensing data is the result of non-3GPP sensors and is transparent to the 5GS. Based on this information, service activation procedures can be defined.

[0329] In Release 19, 3GPP initiated research on integrated perception-based communication services, with TR 22.837 addressing use cases and related requirements for perception. From a service perspective, perception is an extension of positioning, with the following characteristics: large amounts of perception data; perception results containing diverse information, such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and posture in human monitoring; and environmental characteristics in environmental monitoring; the perceived object can be a connected device (such as a user equipment terminal) or an unconnected object (such as environmental perception or human perception); perception results can include multiple service requirements, such as a single perception signaling signal containing respiratory rate, heart rate, and target location; and scenarios involving collaborative perception by multiple sensing nodes, such as multiple user equipment terminals receiving a perception signal.

[0330] In 2020, to address the growing demand for wireless sensing, the 802.11 working group launched a project called 802.11bf (Wi-Fi sensing), aimed at supporting device-free target sensing for a wide range of use cases. 802.11bf refers to the use of wireless signals received from 802.11 stations to obtain measurements that may be useful for determining characteristics (e.g., range, velocity, angle, detection, imaging) of intended targets (e.g., objects, people, animals, environments) within an area of ​​interest (e.g., a room, house, vehicle, enterprise). As described in the project's Authorization Request (PAR) and Guidelines for Standard Development (CSD) documents, 802.11bf aims to develop an amendment defining modifications to the 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC), Directed Multigigabit (DMG), and Enhanced Directed Multigigabit (EDMG) Physical (PHY) to enhance sensing operation in unlicensed bands from 1 GHz to 7.125 GHz and above 45 GHz. This amendment is expected to support diverse sensing applications in daily life while ensuring backward compatibility and coexistence with existing or legacy 802.11 devices operating in the same frequency band. Building on the 802.11ax and 802.11be standard amendments, it implements sub-7 GHz sensing. It can achieve up to 320 MHz of bandwidth and sensing measurements in up to eight bands across 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz, supporting sensing applications that require high resolution and good coverage.

[0331] By definition, a perception initiator is a station (AP station or non-AP station) that starts the perception process by sending a perception measurement setup request frame. A perception responder is a station that participates in the perception process initiated by the perception initiator by sending a perception measurement setup response frame. A perception transmitter is a station that transmits PPDU for perception during the sensing process. A perception receiver is a station that obtains perception measurements by receiving the PPDU transmitted by the perception transmitter. IEEE 802.11bf defines two variants of perception measurements below 7 GHz. TB (Trigger-based) perception measurement is applicable to scenarios where the AP acts as the perception initiator, while non-TB (non-trigger-based) perception measurement is applicable to scenarios where a non-AP STA acts as the perception initiator.

[0332] Depending on whether the sensing initiator is also a sensing transmitter or a sensing receiver, sensing measurement reports may or may not be required during the WLAN sensing process. Specifically, if the sensing initiator is also a sensing receiver, the initiator performs the measurements and obtains the results independently, without the need to compile a separate sensing measurement report. Conversely, if the sensing initiator is also a sensing transmitter, the sensing receiver performs the measurements. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the sensing initiator obtains the sensing measurement results, and the sensing receiver is obligated to report them back to the initiator. In WLAN scenarios, various scenarios can also exist. In one scenario, a STA can transmit a sensing signal and receive a reflected signal (or echo signal); in another scenario, a STA can initiate a sensing signal, and an AP can receive and send an echo or reflected signal to the STA, or the AP can transmit a sensing signal to the STA; yet another scenario can involve multiple sensing nodes, for example, multiple STAs can initiate sensing signals, and the AP can receive the sensing signals (or their echo or reflected signals); in another example, an AP can initiate a sensing signal, and multiple STAs can receive the sensing signals (or their reflected or echo signals), and so on.

[0333] The sensing process for the sub-7 GHz sensing initiator (SensingInitiator) and sensing responder (SensingResponder) is shown in Figure 14 and includes the following steps: Sensing Session Setup, which is the process by which sensing-capable devices discover each other, establish a secure environment, and exchange basic sensing capabilities. This establishes the necessary initial steps for initiating subsequent sensing measurements; Sensing Measurement Setup, which is the process by which the sensing initiator and sensing responder negotiate and agree on the operating parameters related to a specific sensing application, including role assignment (transmitter or receiver), PHY parameters (bandwidth, number of spatial streams, etc.), sensing measurement report type, and preferred scheduling information (sensing period, duration, etc.); Sensing Measurement Instance, which is the process by which the actual sensing measurement occurs; Sensing Measurement Termination, which terminates the established sensing measurement setup; and Sensing Session Termination, which terminates the established sensing session. Unipolar sensing, which is self-transmitting and self-receiving, does not consider or perform sensing session establishment and sensing measurement establishment.

[0334] With the development of Wi-Fi sensing technology, security and privacy issues have also attracted attention. Currently, there are two types of security and privacy issues in Wi-Fi sensing: 1) Confidentiality and integrity protection of sensing reports. Potential solutions to sensing report eavesdropping include secure communication that encrypts sensing measurements during feedback. 2) Sensing packet / signal eavesdropping. Potential solutions to sensing packet / signal eavesdropping include physical layer security methods that encrypt the packets / signals used to obtain sensing measurements.

[0335] Wireless channels are unique, random, and unpredictable. Unless two communicating nodes are identical in the time, frequency, and spatial domains, they are essentially impossible to impersonate. This constitutes the security core of physical layer authentication. In integrated communication and perception systems, the physical layer of the communication and perception systems is shared. Physical layer authentication based on the wireless channel allows for a natural and endogenous integration of communication and perception service authentication. In current wireless communication networks, existing physical layer authentication mechanisms can be categorized into three types: 1) identity authentication mechanisms based on the wireless channel (channel mechanisms); 2) mechanisms based on transceiver hardware differences (hardware mechanisms), such as radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting; and 3) physical layer signal watermarking mechanisms (watermarking mechanisms). Authentication based on wireless channel characteristics can be summarized into two basic mechanisms: CSI-based comparative authentication mechanisms, such as channel similarity-based authentication; and CSI-based cryptographic authentication mechanisms, such as physical layer challenge-response.

[0336] Among them, the CSI-based comparative authentication mechanism can be: using the wireless channel characteristics as the authentication trust root, and confirming the legitimacy of the current message source by comparing the channel characteristics of the current data frame with the channel characteristics of the previous data frame. Since the wireless channel has decorrelation in space, the wireless channel can characterize the identity of the node at a specific location. When the attacker launches an attack from a non-overlapping position with the legitimate node, the wireless channel changes significantly and thus cannot pass the authentication. The basic principle of the CSI-based comparative authentication mechanism can be summarized as the process of device B authenticating the signal from device A shown in Figure 15, specifically including: at the initial moment of communication, device B ensures through high-level authentication that the channel estimation result H corresponding to the signal sent at the initial moment is AB,0 (or CSI) comes from the legitimate device A, establishes the authentication starting point and stores H AB,0 At a subsequent moment, device B compares the CSI of the current data frame 1 (such as H shown in FIG. 15 ); AB,1 ) and the CSI H stored at the last moment AB,0 , check whether the similarity (H AB,1 , H AB,0 )<Γ, where Γ can be a threshold for authentication; at multiple subsequent moments, such as moment t, device B compares the CSI of the current data frame (i.e., H shown in FIG15 AB,t ) and the CSI stored at the previous moment, check whether the similarity (H AB,t , H AB,t-1 ) < Γ. If this condition is met, device B assumes the current data frame comes from legitimate device A and updates the currently stored CSI. Otherwise, it rejects the current message. Due to the spatial decorrelation and time-varying nature of the wireless channel, it is difficult for an attacker to replicate the current legitimate CSI.

[0337] The CSI-based comparative authentication mechanism uses wireless channel characteristics as the node's identity and is a passive authentication mechanism. The CSI-based encryption authentication mechanism draws on the challenge-response concept in high-level authentication, uses wireless channel characteristics to hide authentication information at the physical layer, and completes the demodulation and comparison of authentication information based on channel reciprocity. The basic principle of the CSI-based encryption authentication mechanism can be summarized as the process in Figure 16, including: After a communication party, such as device A, sends a signal to device B, device B uses H AB (or CSI) encrypts the authentication vector and then sends another signal to device A; device A uses the same signal as H AB Reciprocal H BA The received signal is decrypted accordingly and authentication is completed based on the comparison of the authentication vector.

[0338] The relevant standards also address mechanisms for checking the integrity of physical-layer positioning results. These mechanisms involve determining the level of confidence in the accuracy of the location-related data provided by the positioning system, as well as the ability to provide timely and effective warnings to Location Service Report (LCS) clients when the positioning system does not meet expected operating conditions. The primary goal is to limit positioning result errors and achieve higher confidence in the results. The approach employed primarily analyzes offsets in carrier, timing, phase, and codeword data based on auxiliary data (such as those sent by LMF) to determine the reliability of positioning results. 38857 identifies feared events that can affect positioning integrity, such as multipath, malicious interference, and spoofing attacks. Because wireless sensing technology differs from 5G positioning technology in its principles, existing integrity checking mechanisms can be extended to include multi-attribute physical-layer authentication of sensing measurement data. For example, by extracting features from received physical-layer sensing echo signals, the similarity of CSI, RSS, carrier, timing, codeword, and phase parameters in the current time slot can be determined compared to those in previous time slots. This can then be used to determine the presence of malicious interference signals and the reliability of the current sensing result.

[0339] From the above analysis, it can be seen that sensing has become a key technology of 6G. Since the sensing reference signals (such as SRS, PRS, DL-PRS) and the measured sensing data usually come from the lower layer (i.e., PHY or MAC), the existing 3GPP technology is difficult to authenticate the signal source of the sensing signal and verify the integrity of the signal. In response to the authentication problem of the sensing reference signal, an embodiment of the present application provides an authentication method, in which the transmitting end configures and sends the sensing reference signal based on the sensing capability reported by the receiving end, and the receiving end performs channel estimation on the echo signal of the sensing reference signal based on the configuration information, and calculates the joint similarity of the multi-attribute sensing measurement parameters (such as CSI, RSS, etc.) obtained in the current time slot with the multi-attribute sensing measurement parameters obtained in the previous time slot to determine the source of the sensing signal. Through the above scheme, the similarity and threshold of the multi-attribute sensing parameters measured in different time slots (or different times) are used for authentication judgment, which can resist tampering, counterfeiting and other man-in-the-middle attacks, and has higher authentication accuracy than the single-attribute authentication method. In addition, the above scheme directly uses the sensing measurement parameters corresponding to the sensing reference signal for physical layer authentication without additional measurement, and has high standard compatibility.

[0340] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sensing receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0341] The first communication unit 1701 is configured to receive an echo signal of a first perception reference signal, where the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is used to authenticate a perception sending device, where the perception sending device is a device that sends the first perception reference signal.

[0342] As shown in FIG17 , the sensing receiving device further includes a first processing unit 1702:

[0343] The first processing unit is configured to calculate a perception measurement parameter based on an echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0344] The first processing unit is configured to authenticate the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter.

[0345] The first processing unit is configured to authenticate the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter, the perception reference parameter, and an authentication threshold.

[0346] The perceptual reference parameter is calculated based on an echo signal of a second perceptual reference signal, where the second perceptual reference signal is earlier than the first perceptual reference signal.

[0347] The perception reference parameters are preconfigured or predefined.

[0348] The first sensing reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the sensing sending device.

[0349] The first processing unit is configured to obtain the first signature based on an echo signal of the first perception reference signal; and authenticate the perception sending device based on a public key and the first signature.

[0350] The first processing unit is configured to obtain first perception measurement data corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal when authentication of the perception sending device is successful.

[0351] The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, which is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and the reference signal sequence. The shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

[0352] The first processing unit is configured to encrypt and calculate a second reference signal sequence based on the shared key and the reference signal sequence; generate an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence; and obtain first perception measurement data based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0353] The perception assistance information includes at least one of the following: the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval, where the authentication time domain interval is used to determine the second perception reference signal before the first perception reference signal, and the perception assistance information is preconfigured or predefined.

[0354] The first communication unit is configured to report the capability of the perception receiving device to a perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception receiving device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

[0355] The first communication unit is configured to receive the capability of the perception sending device; and report the capability of the perception sending device to the perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception sending device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

[0356] The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

[0357] The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0358] The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

[0359] The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a DMRS, an uplink data signal used for perception, and an uplink reference signal used for perception.

[0360] The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

[0361] The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0362] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perception sending device according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

[0363] The second communication unit 1801 is configured to send a first perception reference signal, where the first perception reference signal is used by a perception receiving device to authenticate the perception sending device.

[0364] The first sensing reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the sensing sending device, wherein the first signature is calculated based on a private key.

[0365] The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, which is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence, where the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

[0366] The second communication unit is configured to receive the capability of the perception receiving device; and send the capability of the perception receiving device to the perception function entity.

[0367] The second communication unit is configured to send the capability of the perception sending device to the perception receiving device.

[0368] The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

[0369] The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0370] The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

[0371] The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, an uplink data signal used for perception, and an uplink reference signal used for perception.

[0372] The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

[0373] The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0374] The device of the embodiment of the present application can realize the corresponding functions of each device in the aforementioned authentication method embodiment. The processes, functions, implementation methods and beneficial effects corresponding to each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the device can be found in the corresponding description in the above method embodiment, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described by each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the device of the embodiment of the application can be implemented by different modules (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.).

[0375] Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1900 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1900 includes a processor 1910, which can call and execute a computer program from a memory to enable the communication device 1900 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0376] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1900 may further include a memory 1920. The processor 1910 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 1920 to enable the communication device 1900 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application. The memory 1920 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1910 or integrated into the processor 1910.

[0377] In one possible implementation, the communication device 1900 may further include a transceiver 1930. The processor 1910 may control the transceiver 1930 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 1930 may send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 1930 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 1930 may further include one or more antennas.

[0378] An embodiment of the present application provides a perception receiving device, including: a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being configured to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the perception receiving device to: receive an echo signal of a first perception reference signal, wherein the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is used to authenticate a perception sending device, which is the device that sends the first perception reference signal.

[0379] The instruction further causes the perception receiving device to calculate a perception measurement parameter based on an echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0380] The instructions further cause the perception receiving device to execute: authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters.

[0381] The instructions further cause the perception receiving device to perform: authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter, the perception reference parameter, and an authentication threshold.

[0382] The perceptual reference parameter is calculated based on an echo signal of a second perceptual reference signal, where the second perceptual reference signal is earlier than the first perceptual reference signal.

[0383] The perception reference parameters are preconfigured or predefined.

[0384] The first sensing reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the sensing sending device.

[0385] The instruction further causes the perception receiving device to execute: obtaining the first signature based on an echo signal of the first perception reference signal; and authenticating the perception sending device based on a public key and the first signature.

[0386] The instruction further causes the perception receiving device to execute: when authentication of the perception sending device is successful, obtain first perception measurement data corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0387] The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, which is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence, where the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

[0388] The instructions further cause the perception receiving device to execute: encrypting and calculating a second reference signal sequence based on the shared key and the reference signal sequence; generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence; and obtaining first perception measurement data based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

[0389] The perception assistance information includes at least one of the following: the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval, the authentication time domain interval is used to determine the second perception reference signal before the first perception reference signal, and the perception assistance information is preconfigured or predefined.

[0390] The instruction further causes the perception receiving device to execute: reporting the capability of the perception receiving device to a perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception receiving device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

[0391] The instruction further causes the perception receiving device to execute: receiving the capability of the perception sending device; and reporting the capability of the perception sending device to a perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception sending device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

[0392] The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

[0393] The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0394] The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

[0395] The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a DMRS, an uplink data signal used for perception, and an uplink reference signal used for perception.

[0396] The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

[0397] The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0398] An embodiment of the present application provides a perception sending device, including: a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor, the memory being configured to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the instructions cause the perception sending device to send a first perception reference signal, where the first perception reference signal is used by a perception receiving device to authenticate the perception sending device.

[0399] The first sensing reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the sensing sending device, wherein the first signature is calculated based on a private key.

[0400] The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, which is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence, where the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

[0401] The instruction further causes the perception sending device to execute: receiving the capability of the perception receiving device; and sending the capability of the perception receiving device to a perception function entity.

[0402] The instructions further cause the perception sending device to execute: sending the capability of the perception sending device to the perception receiving device.

[0403] The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

[0404] The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

[0405] The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

[0406] The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, an uplink data signal used for perception, and an uplink reference signal used for perception.

[0407] The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

[0408] The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

[0409] Figure 20 is a schematic block diagram of a chip 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application. Chip 2000 includes a processor 2010, which can access and execute computer programs from a memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application. In one possible implementation, chip 2000 may also include a memory 2020. Processor 2010 can access and execute computer programs from memory 2020 to implement the methods in the embodiments of the present application performed by an access network device or a core network device. Memory 2020 may be a separate device independent of processor 2010 or integrated into processor 2010. In one possible implementation, chip 2000 may also include an input interface 2030. Processor 2010 may control input interface 2030 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips. In one possible implementation, chip 2000 may also include an output interface 2040. Among them, the processor 2010 can control the output interface 2040 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips. In one possible implementation, the chip can be applied to each device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by each device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, it is not repeated here. It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0410] The processor mentioned above may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an off-the-shelf programmable gate array, an application-specific integrated circuit, or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like. The general-purpose processor mentioned above may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, or the like. The memory mentioned above may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory.

[0411] It should be understood that the above-mentioned memory is exemplary but not restrictive. For example, the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be static random access memory, dynamic random access memory, etc. In other words, the memory in the embodiments of the present application is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0412] Figure 21 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 2100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 2100 includes a sensing receiving device 2110 and a sensing sending device 1320. In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions in accordance with the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (such as a hard disk), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state drive), etc.

[0413] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0414] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0415] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An authentication method performed by a sensing receiving device, comprising: An echo signal of a first perceptual reference signal is received, wherein the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal is used to authenticate a perceptual sending device, and the perceptual sending device is a device that sends the first perceptual reference signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The method further comprises: A perception measurement parameter is calculated based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The method further comprises: Based on the perception measurement parameters and the perception reference parameters, the perception sending device is authenticated.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The authenticating the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter includes: The perception sending device is authenticated based on the perception measurement parameter, the perception reference parameter and an authentication threshold.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The perceptual reference parameter is calculated based on an echo signal of a second perceptual reference signal, where the second perceptual reference signal is earlier than the first perceptual reference signal.

6. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The perception reference parameters are preconfigured or predefined.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first sensing reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the sensing sending device.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The method further comprises: Obtaining the first signature based on an echo signal of the first sensing reference signal; Based on the public key and the first signature, the perception sending device is authenticated.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The method further comprises: When the perception sending device is authenticated successfully, first perception measurement data corresponding to the echo signal of the first perception reference signal is obtained.

10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein: The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, and the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence, and the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: The method further comprises: Based on the shared key and the reference signal sequence, encrypt and calculate a second reference signal sequence; generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence; First perception measurement data is obtained based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

12. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: The perception assistance information includes at least one of the following: the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval, the authentication time domain interval is used to determine the second perception reference signal before the first perception reference signal, and the perception assistance information is preconfigured or predefined.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The method further comprises: Reporting the capability of the perception receiving device to a perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception receiving device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The method further comprises: receiving the capability of the sensing sending device; Reporting the capability of the perception sending device to a perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception sending device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and 14, wherein: The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

21. An authentication method performed by a sensing sending device, comprising: A first perceptual reference signal is sent, wherein the first perceptual reference signal is used for a perceptual receiving device to authenticate the perceptual sending device.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein: The first perception reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the perception sending device, wherein the first signature is calculated based on a private key.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein: The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, and the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence, and the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

24. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein: The method further comprises: receiving the capability of the sensing receiving device; The capability of the sensing receiving device is sent to the sensing function entity.

25. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein: The method further comprises: The capabilities of the sensing sending device are sent to the sensing receiving device.

26. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein: The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

28. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 23 and 25, wherein: The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein: The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, an uplink data signal used for perception, and an uplink reference signal used for perception.

30. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein: The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

32. A sensing receiving device, comprising: The first communication unit is configured to receive an echo signal of a first perceptual reference signal, wherein the echo signal of the first perceptual reference signal is used to authenticate a perceptual sending device, and the perceptual sending device is a device that sends the first perceptual reference signal.

33. The perceptual receiving device according to claim 32, wherein: The sensing receiving device further includes a first processing unit: The first processing unit is configured to calculate a perception measurement parameter based on an echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

34. The sensory receiving device according to claim 33, wherein: The first processing unit is used to authenticate the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter and the perception reference parameter.

35. The perceptual receiving device according to claim 34, wherein: The first processing unit is used to authenticate the perception sending device based on the perception measurement parameter, the perception reference parameter and an authentication threshold.

36. The perceptual receiving device according to claim 34 or 35, wherein: The perceptual reference parameter is calculated based on an echo signal of a second perceptual reference signal, where the second perceptual reference signal is earlier than the first perceptual reference signal.

37. The perceptual receiving device according to claim 34 or 35, wherein: The perception reference parameters are preconfigured or predefined.

38. The sensory receiving device according to claim 32, wherein: The first sensing reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the sensing sending device.

39. The perceptual receiving device according to claim 38, wherein: The first processing unit is used to obtain the first signature based on the echo signal of the first perception reference signal; and authenticate the perception sending device based on the public key and the first signature.

40. The sensing receiving device according to any one of claims 32 to 39, wherein: The first processing unit is configured to obtain first perception measurement data corresponding to an echo signal of the first perception reference signal when authentication of the perception sending device is successful.

41. The sensing receiving device according to any one of claims 37 to 39, wherein: The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, and the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence, and the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

42. The sensing receiving device according to claim 41, wherein: The first processing unit is configured to encrypt and calculate a second reference signal sequence based on the shared key and the reference signal sequence; generating an encrypted reference signal based on the second reference signal sequence; First perception measurement data is obtained based on the encrypted reference signal and an echo signal of the first perception reference signal.

43. The sensing receiving device according to any one of claims 35 to 37, wherein: The perception assistance information includes at least one of the following: the authentication threshold and the authentication time domain interval, the authentication time domain interval is used to determine the second perception reference signal before the first perception reference signal, and the perception assistance information is preconfigured or predefined.

44. The sensing receiving device according to claim 43, wherein: The first communication unit is used to report the capability of the perception receiving device to the perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception receiving device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

45. The sensory receiving device according to claim 43, wherein: The first communication unit is used to receive the capability of the perception sending device; and report the capability of the perception sending device to the perception function entity, wherein the capability of the perception sending device is used to determine the perception auxiliary information.

46. ​​The sensing receiving device according to any one of claims 32 to 44, wherein: The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

47. The perceptual receiving device according to claim 46, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

48. The sensing receiving device according to any one of claims 32-43 and 45, wherein: The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

49. The sensory receiving device according to claim 48, wherein: The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a sounding reference signal SRS, a DMRS, an uplink data signal for perception, and an uplink reference signal for perception.

50. The sensing receiving device according to any one of claims 32 to 43, wherein: The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

51. The sensory receiving device according to claim 50, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

52. A sensing sending device, comprising: The second communication unit is configured to send a first perception reference signal, wherein the first perception reference signal is used for a perception receiving device to authenticate the perception sending device.

53. The perception sending device according to claim 52, wherein: The first perception reference signal carries a first signature used to authenticate the perception sending device, wherein the first signature is calculated based on a private key.

54. The perception sending device according to claim 52 or 53, wherein: The first perception reference signal is obtained based on a first reference signal sequence, and the first reference signal sequence is obtained by encryption calculation based on a shared key and a reference signal sequence, and the shared key is shared by the perception receiving device and the perception sending device.

55. The perception sending device according to any one of claims 52 to 54, wherein: The second communication unit is used to receive the capability of the sensing receiving device; and send the capability of the sensing receiving device to the sensing function entity.

56. The perception sending device according to any one of claims 52 to 54, wherein: The second communication unit is used to send the capability of the perception sending device to the perception receiving device.

57. The perception sending device according to any one of claims 52 to 55, wherein: The perception receiving device is a terminal, and the perception sending device is an access network device.

58. The sensing sending device according to claim 57, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a downlink perception reference signal, wherein the downlink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel state reference signal CSI-RS, a positioning reference signal PRS, a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a downlink data signal for perception, and a downlink reference signal for perception.

59. The perception sending device according to any one of claims 52-54 and 56, wherein: The perception receiving device is an access network device, and the perception sending device is a terminal.

60. The perception sending device according to claim 59, wherein: The first perception reference signal is an uplink perception reference signal, wherein the uplink perception reference signal is one of the following: a channel sounding reference signal SRS, an uplink data signal used for perception, and an uplink reference signal used for perception.

61. The perception sending device according to any one of claims 52 to 54, wherein: The perception receiving device is a wireless access point AP, and the perception sending device is a station STA; or, the perception receiving device is a STA, and the perception sending device is an AP.

62. The sensing sending device according to claim 61, wherein: The first perception reference signal is a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU.

63. A sensing receiving device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory so that the sensing receiving device executes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 20.

64. A sensing sending device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, the processor being used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory so that the perception sending device executes the method as described in any one of claims 21 to 31.

65. A chip, comprising: A processor, configured to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a device equipped with the chip executes a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 20 or claims 21 to 31.

66. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a device, causes the device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20 or claims 21 to 31.

67. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 20 or claims 21 to 31.

68. A computer program causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 20 or claims 21 to 31.

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