Radiation unit and multi-frequency antenna

Abstract

The present application relates to a radiation unit and a multi-frequency antenna. The radiation unit comprises a feed balun and a radiation arm, wherein the radiation arm is arranged on the feed balun, and the radiation arm and the feed balun are combined to form a decoupling circuit which is used for reducing parasitic radiation. By means of the decoupling circuit, coupled signals on the radiation unit that are from adjacent radiation units can be effectively suppressed, and parasitic radiation of signals in other frequency bands on the radiation unit is reduced, such that the distance between the adjacent radiation units can be reduced while ensuring a good electrical performance, thereby realizing the miniaturization of an antenna. In addition, an inductive conductor unit of the decoupling circuit is provided on a radiation surface rather than being coplanar with a radiation arm as in the prior art, and is also not arranged on a feed balun below the radiation arm, and therefore the mutual coupling effect between the inductive conductor unit and the radiation arm / feed balun is reduced, thereby improving the radiation performance and matching performance of the radiation unit, making the structure simple and also facilitating cost control.

Description

Radiating elements and multi-frequency antennas

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on September 15, 2023, with application number 202311201144.9 and invention name “Radiation Unit and Multi-Frequency Antenna”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a radiation unit and a multi-frequency antenna. Background Art

[0003] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, multi-frequency antennas can effectively improve antenna space utilization, achieve miniaturization, and reduce the cost of multi-frequency antennas while providing more diverse services. Therefore, multi-frequency antennas have become one of the important research directions in the field of next-generation wireless communications.

[0004] In related technologies, multi-band antennas typically consist of sub-antennas (also known as radiating elements) operating in different frequency bands, including at least one low-frequency sub-antenna (also known as a low-frequency radiating element) and at least one high-frequency sub-antenna (also known as a high-frequency radiating element). Each radiating element in a multi-band antenna is placed in a confined space, resulting in strong cross-band scattering interference between different radiating elements. This can severely degrade the performance of the multi-band antenna. For example, a low-frequency radiating element can generate a certain excitation signal for its adjacent high-frequency radiating element, resulting in parasitic radiation, which distorts the directivity pattern of the low-frequency signal and significantly reduces the performance of the low-frequency signal.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a radiation unit and a multi-frequency antenna, which can realize the decoupling function, has a simple design structure, is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the antenna.

[0007] A first aspect of the present application provides a radiation unit, characterized in that the radiation unit includes:

[0008] A feed balun and a radiating arm, wherein the radiating arm is provided on the feed balun, and the radiating arm and the feed balun cooperate to form a decoupling circuit for reducing parasitic radiation, wherein the decoupling circuit includes a capacitive coupling unit and an inductive conductor unit connected to each other;

[0009] In which, the radiating arm is provided with a feeding part, and the upper end of the feeding balun is gap-fitted with the feeding part to form the capacitive coupling unit; the upper end of the feeding balun is provided with a first loading part, and the radiating arm is further provided with a second loading part connected to the feeding part, the first loading part and the second loading part are both located above the radiating arm, and the first loading part and the second loading part are connected to form the inductive conductor unit.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first loading part has two opposite ends, the second loading part has two opposite ends, the bottom end of the first loading part is connected to the upper end of the feed balun, the bottom end of the second loading part is connected to the radiating arm, and the top end of the first loading part is connected to the top end of the second loading part.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first loading part is configured as a rod or a column; and / or, a first avoidance hole corresponding to the position of the first loading part is provided on the radiating arm, the first loading part is passed through the first avoidance hole, and an insulating gap is left between the first loading part and the wall of the first avoidance hole.

[0012] In one embodiment, the second loading portion includes a first split segment connected to the radiating arm and a second split segment arranged at an angle to the first split segment, and the second split segment is connected to the first loading portion; the extension direction of the first split segment is the same as the extension direction of the first loading portion.

[0013] In one embodiment, the radiation unit further includes a dielectric plate; the dielectric plate is arranged between the radiation arm and the feeding balun, and a second avoidance hole corresponding to the position of the first loading part is provided on the dielectric plate, and the first loading part is passed through the second avoidance hole.

[0014] In one embodiment, at least one buckle is provided on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate, and a clamping portion for engaging with the buckle is provided on the top surface of the feed balun.

[0015] In one embodiment, the radiating arm and the dielectric plate are connected and fixed by using a metal patch, or the radiating arm and the dielectric plate are connected and fixed by using a connector.

[0016] In one embodiment, the radiating arm and the feeding portion are configured as an integrated die-cast metal sheet or a sheet metal sheet.

[0017] In one embodiment, the feeding portion is in a plate shape, and a coupling gap is provided between the lower surface of the feeding portion and the top surface of the upper end portion of the feeding balun.

[0018] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the center frequency point of the working frequency band of the radiation unit is set to λ, and the electrical length of the inductive conductor unit is 0.05λ to 0.5λ.

[0019] In one embodiment, the bottom end of the feed balun is used to connect to the reflector, the distance between the upper surface of the radiating arm and the upper surface of the reflector is set to h, and the wavelength of the center frequency point of the working frequency band of the radiating unit is set to λ, h<0.25λ.

[0020] In one embodiment, the radiation unit is configured as a dual-polarization radiation unit, the feed balun is configured as a dual-polarization feed balun, and the dual-polarization feed balun is integrally formed.

[0021] The second aspect of the present application provides a multi-frequency antenna, characterized in that the multi-frequency antenna includes at least one high-frequency radiation unit and at least one low-frequency radiation unit, the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged in the lower area or side area of ​​the low-frequency radiation unit, and the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged as the radiation unit described in the first aspect of the present application.

[0022] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit is 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the operating frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit is 1427 MHz to 2690 MHz.

[0023] The radiating element and multi-band antenna described in this application, wherein the radiating arm and the feed balun cooperate to form a decoupling circuit for reducing parasitic radiation, can effectively suppress the coupled signal from the adjacent radiating element on the radiating element through the decoupling circuit, reducing the parasitic radiation of signals in other frequency bands on the radiating element, thereby ensuring good electrical performance and reducing the spacing between adjacent radiating elements, thereby achieving antenna miniaturization. In addition, the inductive conductor unit of the decoupling circuit is arranged above the radiating surface, rather than being coplanar with the radiating arm as in the related art, nor is it arranged on the feed balun below the radiating arm. Therefore, the mutual coupling effect between the inductive conductor unit and the radiating arm / feed balun is reduced, thereby improving the radiation performance and matching performance of the radiating element. The simple structure also helps to control costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG2 is a decomposition diagram of the structure shown in FIG1 .

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the radiation arm in the structure shown in FIG1 from one viewing angle.

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the radiation arm in the structure shown in FIG1 from another perspective.

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding balun and the feeding element in the structure shown in FIG1 .

[0030] FIG7 is a decomposition diagram of the structure shown in FIG6 .

[0031] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG10 is an exploded structural diagram of the structure shown in FIG9 .

[0034] FIG11 is a top view of the multi-band antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG. 12 is a directional diagram of low-frequency signals of a multi-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG13 is a directional diagram of a low-frequency signal when a base station antenna in the related art adopts a conventional radiation unit.

[0037] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 10. Radiating unit; 11. Feeding balun; 111. First loading part; 1111. Conical section; 1112. Connecting section; 112. Groove; 113. First balun; 114. Second balun; 12. Radiating arm; 121. Feeding part; 122. Second loading part; 1221. First split section; 1222. Second split section; 123. First avoidance hole; 124. First positioning hole; 125. Third loading part; 13. Dielectric plate; 131. Second avoidance hole; 132. Second positioning hole; 133. Buckle; 134. Third avoidance hole; 14. Feeding component; 20. Low-frequency radiating unit; 30. Reflection plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a radiating unit 10 according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 shows an exploded structural diagram of the structure shown in Figure 1. One embodiment of the present application provides a radiating unit 10 comprising a feed balun 11 and a radiating arm 12. The radiating arm 12 is disposed on the feed balun 11 and cooperates with the feed balun 11 to form a decoupling circuit for reducing parasitic radiation. The decoupling circuit comprises a capacitive coupling unit and an inductive conductor unit connected thereto. The radiating arm 12 is provided with a feed portion 121. The upper end of the feed balun 11 is loosely coupled with the feed portion 121 to form a capacitive coupling unit. A first loading portion 111 is provided at the upper end of the feed balun 11, and the radiating arm 12 is further provided with a second loading portion 122 connected to the feed portion 121. Both the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122 are located above the radiating arm 12, and the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122 are connected to form an inductive conductor unit.

[0040] It should be noted that the "feeding portion 121" can be a "part of the radiating arm 12", that is, the "feeding portion 121" and the "other parts of the radiating arm 12" are integrally formed; it can also be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the radiating arm 12", that is, the "feeding portion 121" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the radiating arm 12" into a whole.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the radiation arm 12 and the feeding portion 121 are configured as an integrated die-cast metal sheet or a sheet metal sheet.

[0042] The radiating element 10, radiating arm 12, and feed balun 11 described in the present application cooperate to form a decoupling circuit for reducing parasitic radiation. The decoupling circuit can effectively suppress the coupled signal from adjacent radiating elements of other frequency bands on the radiating element 10, specifically, the radiating element 20, and reduce the parasitic radiation of signals of other frequency bands on the radiating element 10. This can ensure good electrical performance and, on this premise, reduce the spacing between adjacent radiating elements to achieve antenna miniaturization. In addition, the inductive conductor unit of the decoupling circuit is arranged above the radiating surface, rather than being coplanar with the radiating arm 12 as in the related art, nor is it arranged on the feed balun 11 below the radiating arm 12. Therefore, the mutual coupling effect between the inductive conductor unit and the radiating arm 12 / feed balun 11 is reduced, thereby improving the radiation performance and matching performance of the radiating element 10. The simple structure also helps to control costs.

[0043] In one embodiment, in the radiating unit 10, the inductive conductor unit of the decoupling circuit is composed of a first loading portion 111 and a second loading portion 122. The radiating arm 12 and the feed balun 11 are mechanically fixed, for example, by a dielectric support. Compared with the PCB balun structure in the related art, this embodiment can integrate the decoupling circuit while greatly simplifying the structure of the feed balun 11. Specifically, the dual-polarization feed balun 11 is integrally formed, which can reduce solder joints, improve intermodulation stability and reduce production costs.

[0044] The decoupling circuit can increase the equivalent electrical length of the feed balun 11. Optionally, the distance between the radiating arm 12 and the reflector 30 is set to 0.15 to 0.2 times the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the radiating unit 10. In this way, good impedance matching can be achieved, and the height of the radiating arm 12 of the radiating unit 10 in the related art is reduced (generally one-quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band), thereby reducing the coupling energy from radiating units in other frequency bands, specifically, the low-frequency radiating unit 20, thereby improving the performance of the low-frequency radiating unit and facilitating the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0045] In some embodiments, the radiating unit 10 can be either a single-polarization radiating unit or a dual-polarization radiating unit. The difference between the two is the number of radiating arms 12. The single-polarization radiating unit has two radiating arms 12, which are used to radiate and receive antenna signals in a +45° polarization direction or a -45° polarization direction, for example. The dual-polarization radiating unit has four radiating arms 12, which are divided into two groups, each group having two radiating arms 12. One group of radiating arms 12 is arranged on one diagonal line, and is used to radiate and receive antenna signals in a +45° polarization direction, for example. The other group of radiating arms 12 is arranged on the other diagonal line, and is used to radiate and receive antenna signals in a -45° polarization direction, for example. The radiating unit 10 shown in Figures 1 to 11 of this embodiment is specifically described using a dual-polarization oscillator as an example, but is not limited to this.

[0046] When there are four radiation arms 12 , there are four first loading portions 111 and four second loading portions 122 , and each first loading portion 111 is correspondingly provided to each second loading portion 122 .

[0047] In some embodiments, the contour shape of the radiating arm 12 includes but is not limited to regular shapes such as square, rectangle, circle, or other irregular shapes, and can be flexibly adjusted and configured according to actual needs.

[0048] Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , in one embodiment, the first loading portion 111 has two opposing ends, and the second loading portion 122 has two opposing ends. The bottom end of the first loading portion 111 is connected to the top end of the feed balun 11, the bottom end of the second loading portion 122 is connected to the radiating arm 12, and the top end of the first loading portion 111 is connected to the top end of the second loading portion 122. In this manner, the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122 are end-to-end connected, and the electrical length of the inductive conductor unit is the sum of the electrical lengths of the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122.

[0049] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the top of the first loading portion 111 and the top of the second loading portion 122 are integrally connected, including but not limited to welding, to ensure good electrical conductivity. Alternatively, the connection may be secured by, for example, snap-fitting, conductive adhesive bonding, or fasteners such as screws, pins, or rivets.

[0050] It should be noted that the "first loading part 111" can be a "part of the feed balun 11", that is, the "first loading part 111" and the "other parts of the feed balun 11" are integrally formed; it can also be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the feed balun 11", that is, the "first loading part 111" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the feed balun 11" into a whole.

[0051] It should be noted that the "second loading portion 122" can be a "part of the radiating arm 12", that is, the "second loading portion 122" and the "other parts of the radiating arm 12" are integrally molded; it can also be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the radiating arm 12", that is, the "second loading portion 122" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the radiating arm 12" into a whole.

[0052] Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , in some embodiments, the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122 may extend in the same or different directions, and may be flexibly adjusted and configured based on actual needs. As an example, the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122 each extend, but are not limited to, toward the radiation direction of the radiating arm 12 . This facilitates the insertion and assembly of the radiating arm 12 and the feed balun 11 along the radiation direction of the radiating arm 12 . Furthermore, the structures of the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122 are relatively simple, facilitating, for example, integral processing and molding.

[0053] Of course, the first loading portion 111 and the second loading portion 122 are not limited to extending toward the radiation direction of the radiation arm 12 , and their respective extension paths can be set according to actual needs. Accordingly, the conductor shape / extension path of the inductive conductor unit is also not limited.

[0054] The radiation direction is also a direction perpendicular to the surface of the radiation arm 12 .

[0055] Referring to Figures 1 and 6 , Figure 6 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of the feed balun 11 and feed element 14 in the structure shown in Figure 1 . In one embodiment, the first loading portion 111 includes, but is not limited to, a rod or column. Specifically, to increase structural strength while ensuring smooth connection with the second loading portion 122, the first loading portion 111 includes a tapered section 1111 whose diameter gradually decreases along the radial direction, and a connecting section 1112 connected to the tapered section 1111 and having a constant diameter. The connecting section 1112 is inserted into the mounting hole of the second loading portion 122 and then secured to the second loading portion 122, for example, by welding.

[0056] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 , Figures 3 and 4 respectively illustrate the structure of the radiating arm 12 in the structure shown in Figure 1 from two different perspectives. In one embodiment, the radiating arm 12 is provided with a first avoidance hole 123 corresponding to the position of the first loading portion 111. The first loading portion 111 is disposed within the first avoidance hole 123, and an insulating gap is formed between the first loading portion 111 and the wall of the first avoidance hole 123. This insulating gap insulates the first loading portion 111 from the radiating arm 12, preventing electrical contact and a short circuit.

[0057] Referring to Figures 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the second loading portion 122 includes a first segment 1221 connected to the radiating arm 12 and a second segment 1222 disposed at an angle to the first segment 1221. The second segment 1222 is connected to the first loading portion 111. The first segment 1221 extends in the same direction as the first loading portion 111. This allows the end of the first loading portion 111 to be connected to the end of the second loading portion 122.

[0058] 1 to 3 , in a specific embodiment, the extending direction of the first split segment 1221 and the extending direction of the first loading portion 111 are both arranged along the radiation direction of the radiation arm 12 .

[0059] 1 to 3 , in one embodiment, the shape of the second loading portion 122 includes but is not limited to various regular and irregular shapes such as L-shape, S-shape, and Z-shape, and can be flexibly adjusted and configured according to actual needs.

[0060] Referring to Figures 1, 8 and 9, Figures 8 and 9 show schematic structural diagrams of the radiation unit 10 of two other embodiments of the present application. The main difference between Figures 8 and 9 and Figure 1 is that the arrangement position of the second loading portion 122 on the feeding portion 121 has been adjusted. In addition, the specific shape and size of the feeding portion 121 can also be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs. Among them, the feeding portion 121 is located at a corner of the radiating arm 12 close to the center line of the radiation unit 10, so that it can be easily fed with the feeding element 14. As an example, the second loading portion 122 can be arranged at any position of the feeding portion 121, for example, it can be located at a position on the feeding portion 121 close to the center line of the radiation unit 10 as shown in Figure 1, or it can be arranged at a position on the feeding portion 121 away from the center line of the radiation unit 10 as shown in Figure 8 or Figure 9. It can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0061] Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , in one embodiment, the radiating unit 10 further includes a dielectric plate 13. The dielectric plate 13 is positioned between the radiating arm 12 and the feed balun 11. A second avoidance hole 131 is defined in the dielectric plate 13, corresponding to the position of the first loading portion 111. The first loading portion 111 extends through the second avoidance hole 131. This facilitates the integration of the feed balun 11 and the radiating arm 12. Furthermore, the dielectric plate 13 insulates the feed balun 11 from the radiating arm 12, preventing direct contact between the feed balun 11 and the radiating arm 12, which could result in a short circuit.

[0062] Specifically, the second avoidance hole 131 corresponds to the first avoidance hole 123 in position, so that the first loading portion 111 is sequentially disposed in the corresponding second avoidance hole 131 and the first avoidance hole 123 .

[0063] Referring to Figures 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the radiating arm 12 is provided with at least one first positioning hole 124. The dielectric plate 13 is provided with a second positioning hole 132 corresponding to the position of the first positioning hole 124. The dielectric plate 13 includes, but is not limited to, using a positioning member passing through the second positioning hole 132 and the first positioning hole 124 to securely connect the radiating arm 12. Optionally, the positioning member includes, but is not limited to, a positioning pin, a positioning column, a screw, a rivet, a clip, etc. In this way, the radiating arm 12 can be securely connected to the dielectric plate 13. Furthermore, the number of first positioning holes 124 can be, for example, one, two, three, or more. Furthermore, the number of second positioning holes 132 is the same as the number of first positioning holes 124.

[0064] Of course, the radiation arm 12 may also be provided on the dielectric plate 13 by electroplating, sputtering, 3D printing, or the like.

[0065] In some embodiments, the radiation arm 12 and the dielectric plate 13 are connected and fixed by using a metal patch, or the radiation arm 12 and the dielectric plate 13 are connected and fixed by using a connector.

[0066] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 5, in one embodiment, at least one latch 133 is provided on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate 13, and a retaining portion is provided on the top surface of the feed balun 11 to engage with the latch 133. Specifically, the retaining portion is provided on the inner sidewall of the groove 112 (not shown in detail). The retaining portion extends into the groove 112 and engages with the retaining portion. In this manner, the dielectric plate 13 can be quickly secured to the top surface of the feed balun 11.

[0067] In one embodiment, the number of the buckles 133 is, for example, four, and the number of the holding portions on the top surface of the feed balun 11 is correspondingly four, and each holding portion is correspondingly engaged with each buckle 133 .

[0068] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 5, in one embodiment, the clip 133 is integrally formed with the dielectric plate 13, specifically but not limited to being integrally stamped from the dielectric plate 13. Furthermore, the clip 133 is positioned, for example, at the edge of the second avoidance hole 131. During the process of forming the second avoidance hole 131, the clip 133 is also formed simultaneously on the dielectric plate 13, thereby saving material, reducing costs, and improving production efficiency.

[0069] It should be noted that there are many ways to form a capacitive coupling unit by gap-fitting the upper end of the feed balun 11 with the feed portion 121. The following two ways are specifically described:

[0070] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 or Figure 8 , in one embodiment, the feed portion 121 is plate-shaped, and a coupling gap is defined between the lower surface of the feed portion 121 and the top surface of the upper end of the feed balun 11. Thus, the top surface of the upper end of the feed balun 11 is coupled to the lower surface of the feed portion 121, forming a capacitive coupling unit.

[0071] Specifically, the dielectric plate 13 is arranged between the lower surface of the feeding part 121 and the top surface of the upper end of the feeding balun 11, which not only fixes the radiating arm 12, the feeding balun 11 and the dielectric plate 13 together, but also forms a coupling gap between the lower surface of the feeding part 121 and the top surface of the upper end of the feeding balun 11. The coupling gap is also the thickness of the dielectric plate 13.

[0072] Referring to Figures 9 and 10 , Figure 10 shows an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 9 . In another embodiment, the radiating arm 12 further comprises a third loading portion 125 connected to the feeding portion 121. The third loading portion 125 is located below the radiating arm 12, and a coupling gap is defined between the third loading portion 125 and the outer sidewall of the upper end of the feed balun 11. Thus, the outer sidewall of the upper end of the feed balun 11 is coupled to the third loading portion 125, forming a capacitive coupling unit.

[0073] Referring to Figures 9 and 10 , in one embodiment, the dielectric plate 13 is provided with a third avoidance hole 134 corresponding to the position of the third loading portion 125. The third loading portion 125 is inserted into the third avoidance hole 134. This not only ensures a secure connection between the radiating arm 12 and the dielectric plate 13, but also enables the third loading portion 125 to pass through the third avoidance hole 134 and couple to the outer wall of the upper end of the feed balun 11.

[0074] In one embodiment, the wavelength of the center frequency point of the working frequency band of the radiation unit 10 is set to λ, and the electrical length of the inductive conductor unit is 0.05λ to 0.5λ.

[0075] Referring to Figures 1 and 11 , in one embodiment, the bottom end of feed balun 11 is connected to reflector 30 (as shown in Figure 11 ). The distance between the upper surface of radiating arm 12 and the upper surface of reflector 30 is set to h. The wavelength of the center frequency of the operating frequency band of radiating element 10 is set to λ, where h < 0.25λ.

[0076] Referring to Figures 6 and 7 , in some embodiments, the radiating unit 10 further includes a feed element 14. For example, two feed elements 14 are provided, each of which is disposed within the feed balun 11, with the tops of the two feed elements 14 arranged orthogonally. The top of one feed element 14 is used to couple or directly electrically connect two radiating arms 12 with a +45° polarity, thereby transmitting antenna signals with a +45° polarity; the top of the other feed element 14 is used to couple or directly electrically connect two radiating arms 12 with a -45° polarity, thereby transmitting antenna signals with a -45° polarity.

[0077] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, in one embodiment, a groove 112 is provided on the feed balun 11, and two feed elements 14 are embedded in the groove 112. Specifically, the dual-polarization feed balun 11 includes a first balun 113 and a second balun 114. The first balun 113 and the second balun 114 are arranged orthogonally, and the first balun 113 and the second balun 114 are, for example, configured as an integrated structure, including but not limited to integrally formed by die-casting, integrally formed by forging, etc. In this way, solder joints can be reduced, intermodulation stability can be improved, and production costs can be reduced. Optionally, a groove 112 is provided on both the first balun 113 and the second balun 114. One of the feed elements 14 is embedded in the groove 112 of the first balun 113, and the other feed element 14 is embedded in the groove 112 of the second balun 114.

[0078] Referring to Figures 1 and 11 , in one embodiment, a multi-band antenna includes at least one high-frequency radiating element and at least one low-frequency radiating element 20, wherein the high-frequency radiating element is disposed below or to the side of the low-frequency radiating element 20. Furthermore, the high-frequency radiating element can be, for example, the radiating element 10 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0079] In the multi-band antenna described in the present application, the radiating arm 12 and the feed balun 11 cooperate to form a decoupling circuit for reducing low-frequency parasitic radiation. The decoupling circuit can effectively suppress the coupled signal from the adjacent low-frequency radiating unit 20 on the radiating unit 10, reducing the parasitic radiation of the low-frequency signal on the radiating unit 10, thereby ensuring good low-frequency electrical performance. On this premise, the spacing between the high- and low-frequency radiating units can be reduced to achieve antenna miniaturization. In addition, the inductive conductor unit of the decoupling circuit is arranged above the radiating surface, rather than being coplanar with the radiating arm 12 as in the related art, nor is it arranged on the feed balun 11 below the radiating arm 12. Therefore, the mutual coupling effect between the inductive conductor unit and the radiating arm 12 / feed balun 11 is reduced, thereby improving the radiation performance and matching performance of the radiating unit 10. The simple structure is also conducive to cost control.

[0080] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit 20 includes but is not limited to 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the operating frequency band of the radiation unit 10 includes but is not limited to 1427 MHz to 2690 MHz.

[0081] In practical applications, for radiating elements 10 of different shapes and sizes, as well as different dipole arrangements within high-frequency antenna devices, parameters such as the dimensions of the feeding portion 121 of the radiating arm 12, the dimensions of the upper end of the feed balun 11, and the length, size, and trace shape of the first and second loading sections can be flexibly adjusted and configured according to actual needs. This allows the decoupling circuit to better adapt to the radiating element 10, thereby effectively suppressing low-frequency coupled signals. Specifically, adjustments can be made based on the structure of simulation tests to ensure that both return loss and isolation meet preset values.

[0082] Referring to Figures 12 and 13, Figure 12 shows the low-frequency signal pattern of the multi-frequency antenna according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 13 shows the low-frequency signal pattern of a base station antenna in the related art using conventional radiating elements. As can be seen from Figure 12, under the same compact layout, all parameters of the multi-frequency antenna provided by this embodiment perform normally. Referring to Figure 13, it can be seen that when conventional radiating elements are used, the low-frequency antenna pattern of the multi-frequency antenna is significantly distorted, resulting in performance that cannot be guaranteed.

[0083] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0084] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0085] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0086] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0087] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0088] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of the description of this application.

[0089] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: The radiation unit comprises: A feeding balun and a radiating arm, wherein the radiating arm is arranged on the feeding balun, and the radiating arm cooperates with the feeding balun to form a decoupling circuit for reducing parasitic radiation, wherein the decoupling circuit comprises a capacitive coupling unit and an inductive conductor unit connected to each other; Among them, the radiating arm is provided with a feeding part, and the upper end of the feeding balun is gap-matched with the feeding part to form the capacitive coupling unit; the upper end of the feeding balun is provided with a first loading part, and the radiating arm is also provided with a second loading part connected to the feeding part, the first loading part and the second loading part are both located above the radiating arm, and the first loading part and the second loading part are connected to form the inductive conductor unit.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first loading part is provided with two opposite ends, the second loading part is provided with two opposite ends, the bottom end of the first loading part is connected to the upper end of the feeding balun, the bottom end of the second loading part is connected to the radiation arm, and the top end of the first loading part is connected to the top end of the second loading part.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first loading part is configured as a rod or a column; and / or, a first avoidance hole corresponding to the position of the first loading part is provided on the radiation arm, the first loading part is penetrated in the first avoidance hole, and an insulating gap is left between the first loading part and the wall of the first avoidance hole.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second loading part includes a first split section connected to the radiation arm and a second split section arranged at an angle to the first split section, the second split section is connected to the first loading part; the extension direction of the first split section is the same as the extension direction of the first loading part.

5. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit further includes a dielectric plate; the dielectric plate is disposed between the radiation arm and the feeding balun, a second avoidance hole corresponding to the position of the first loading part is disposed on the dielectric plate, and the first loading part is penetrated through the second avoidance hole.

6. The radiation unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one buckle is arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate, and a clamping portion which is engaged with the buckle is arranged on the top surface of the feeding balun.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radiation arm and the dielectric plate are connected and fixed by using a metal patch, or the radiation arm and the dielectric plate are connected and fixed by using a connector.

8. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation arm and the feeding part are configured as an integrated die-cast metal sheet or a sheet metal sheet.

9. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding part is in a plate shape, and a coupling gap is provided between the lower surface of the feeding part and the top surface of the upper end of the feeding balun.

10. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation arm is further provided with a third loading portion connected to the feeding portion; the third loading portion is located below the radiation arm, and a coupling gap is provided between the third loading portion and the outer side wall of the upper end portion of the feeding balun.

11. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavelength of the central frequency point of the working frequency band of the radiation unit is set to λ, and the electrical length of the inductive conductor unit is 0.05λ to 0.5λ.

12. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the feed balun is used to be connected to a reflector, the distance between the upper surface of the radiation arm and the upper surface of the reflector is set to h, the wavelength of the center frequency point of the working frequency band of the radiation unit is set to λ, and h<0.25λ.

13. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit is configured as a dual-polarization radiation unit, the feed balun is configured as a dual-polarization feed balun, and the dual-polarization feed balun is integrally formed.

14. A multi-frequency antenna, characterized in that: The multi-frequency antenna includes at least one high-frequency radiation unit and at least one low-frequency radiation unit, wherein the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged in a lower area or a side area of ​​the low-frequency radiation unit, and the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged as a radiation unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that: The working frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit is 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit is 1427 MHz to 2690 MHz.

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