Method and system for evaluating number of opened perforation clusters

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development. Provided are a method and system for evaluating the number of opened perforation clusters. The method comprises: on the basis of reservoir geology and engineering parameters of a section to be fractured of a target fracturing well, and by using a preset energy analysis model, calculating energy consumption index data regarding different numbers of opened perforation clusters; on the basis of the energy consumption index data under the different numbers of opened perforation clusters, calculating minimum-principal-stress energy consumption rate proportions under the different numbers of opened perforation clusters; on the basis of a pre-acquired construction pressure curve, determining a time period to be analyzed and a stress-to-pore pressure ratio of said time period; and comparing the stress-to-pore pressure ratio with the minimum-principal-stress energy consumption rate proportions under the different numbers of opened perforation clusters, and on the basis of a comparison result, determining the number of opened perforation clusters corresponding to said time period. The aim of evaluating the number of opened perforation clusters is achieved, and thus the number of effectively opened perforation clusters for liquid intake and the change in the number thereof over time can be evaluated, thereby helping engineers to optimize a temporary plugging and division design and determine an opportunity for temporary plugging and division. The present invention has practicability and accuracy.

Description

Perforation cluster opening quantity assessment method and system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development, and in particular to a method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings and a system for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings. Background Art

[0002] Unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, such as tight oil and gas and shale oil and gas, often feature low porosity and permeability in their reservoir rocks. Horizontal well multi-stage fracturing is often used for large-scale hydraulic stimulation. Compared to traditional hydraulic fracturing, this technique can create numerous hydraulic fractures in the reservoir rock with less labor and cost, thus enabling the commercial development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.

[0003] A key factor in the success of staged multi-cluster fracturing for horizontal wells lies in the effectiveness of the perforation clusters and the uniform development of fractures within each cluster within the fracturing section. Affected by multiple factors, such as reservoir heterogeneity and interfracture stress interference, the opening and injection of fluids within each perforation cluster within the fracturing section, as well as the propagation rates of the fractures formed by each cluster, vary significantly and change dynamically over the duration of the fracturing. This often leads to uneven fracture development and compromises the overall stimulation effect. Well logging data from hundreds of wells in North America shows that after fracturing, less than 20% of the perforation clusters contribute significantly to production, while nearly one-third of the perforation clusters fail to open or only inject minimal fluid. Consequently, staged multi-cluster fracturing in many oil and gas wells has not achieved the desired results.

[0004] Because multiple perforation clusters activate and multiple fractures expand simultaneously within a fracturing stage, engineers can only control the overall scale of the fracture, but cannot control the fluid inflow of each cluster or the size of individual fractures. To increase the number of perforation clusters opened and promote uniform fracture expansion, engineers often use temporary plugging and diversion techniques to improve the effectiveness of the perforation clusters. However, due to the lack of knowledge about the perforation cluster opening status during the fracturing process, the optimization design of temporary plugging and diversion techniques is somewhat unreliable. Therefore, a method that can effectively assess the perforation cluster opening and fluid inflow during hydraulic fracturing is urgently needed in engineering applications.

[0005] To accurately assess the opening status of individual perforation clusters during staged multi-cluster fracturing in horizontal wells, engineers employed distributed fiber-optic acoustic sensing to monitor the acoustic disturbances generated when perforation clusters are opened and fluid is injected. Currently, this technology is prohibitively expensive, hindering widespread adoption. In contrast, the fracturing operation pressure curve is the most widely available fracturing monitoring data, containing a wealth of mechanical information. Although the traditional double-logarithmic pressure method is difficult to use for staged multi-cluster fracturing to assess the opening and expansion behavior of individual perforation clusters and fractures, the fracturing process of the entire stage can be viewed as a holistic system, allowing the number of perforation clusters effectively injected with fluid to be estimated from an energy analysis perspective. Currently, research is lacking on methods for assessing the number of perforation cluster openings using hydraulic fracturing operation pressure curves. These methods have not effectively helped engineers assess the opening status of perforation clusters and the uniformity of fracture expansion during staged multi-cluster fracturing in horizontal wells, nor have they been able to specifically optimize temporary plugging and diversion design or determine the timing of temporary plugging and diversion.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and system for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings, so as to at least solve the above-mentioned problem of failing to effectively evaluate the effective opening of perforation clusters, the number of fluid injections, and their changes over time.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings, comprising:

[0009] Based on the reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the target well to be fractured, a preset energy analysis model is used to calculate energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers;

[0010] Based on the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers, the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated;

[0011] Based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve, determine the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed;

[0012] The stress-flow-pressure ratio and the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers are compared. Based on the comparison results, the number of perforation cluster openings corresponding to the time period to be analyzed is determined.

[0013] Optionally, the energy consumption index data include the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6, and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7;

[0014] Based on the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers, the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated, including:

[0015] The total energy consumption rate for the corresponding perforation cluster opening number is obtained by summing the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6, and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7.

[0016] Based on the total energy consumption rate under different perforation cluster opening numbers, the proportion of minimum principal stress energy consumption rate under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated.

[0017] Optionally, the calculation formula for the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under the above different perforation cluster opening numbers is as follows:

[0018] R1=W4 / W, where R1 is the ratio of the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate, W4 is the energy consumption rate that offsets the minimum principal stress, and W is the total energy consumption rate.

[0019] Optionally, the steps for obtaining the construction pressure curve are as follows:

[0020] Conduct staged multi-cluster fracturing operations on target fracturing wells to obtain operation pressure monitoring data;

[0021] According to the construction pressure monitoring data, the construction pressure curve is obtained.

[0022] Optionally, the above reservoir geological and engineering parameters include horizontal minimum principal stress;

[0023] The above-mentioned determination of the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve includes:

[0024] Selecting a time period in the construction pressure curve that meets a preset pressure change condition as the time period to be analyzed, and determining the average pressure of the construction pressure in the time period to be analyzed based on the construction pressure curve;

[0025] Based on the average pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured, the average bottom hole flowing pressure of the period to be analyzed is obtained;

[0026] Based on the horizontal minimum principal stress and the average bottomhole flowing pressure, the stress-flow-pressure ratio is obtained.

[0027] Optionally, the calculation formula for obtaining the average bottom hole flowing pressure during the time period to be analyzed based on the average pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured is as follows:

[0028] p b =p+p w Among them, P b is the average bottom hole pressure during the period to be analyzed, P is the average pressure of the operation pressure during the period to be analyzed, and P w is the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured.

[0029] Optionally, the calculation formula for the above stress-flow-pressure ratio is as follows:

[0030] Among them, P b is the average bottom hole pressure during the period to be analyzed, σ min is the horizontal minimum principal stress, and R2 is the stress-flow pressure ratio.

[0031] Optionally, the number of perforation clusters opened is not greater than the total number of perforation clusters;

[0032] The total number of perforation clusters is determined based on the reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the target fracturing well's to-be-fractured section.

[0033] Optionally, the energy consumption index data includes a fracture surface energy consumption rate W1;

[0034] The above-mentioned energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include:

[0035] According to the formula Calculate the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1 under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where W1 is the fracture surface energy consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, K IC is the fracture toughness, E is Young's modulus, ν is Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

[0036] Optionally, the energy consumption index data includes a viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2;

[0037] The above-mentioned energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include:

[0038] According to the formula The viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; where W2 is the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, E is the Young's modulus, ν is the Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

[0039] Optionally, the energy consumption index data includes the net pressure working energy consumption rate W3;

[0040] The above-mentioned energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include:

[0041] According to the formula

[0042] The net pressure work consumption rate W3 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; where W3 is the net pressure work consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, E is the Young's modulus, ν is the Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

[0043] Optionally, the above energy consumption index data also includes the induced stress work consumption rate W5;

[0044] The above-mentioned energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include:

[0045] The induced stress work consumption rate W5 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated according to the formula W5=(N-1)W3; where W5 is the induced stress work consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, and W3 is the net pressure work consumption rate.

[0046] Optionally, the energy consumption index data includes an energy consumption rate W4 for offsetting the minimum principal stress;

[0047] The above-mentioned energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include:

[0048] According to the formula W4=Qσ min Calculate the energy consumption rate W4 of offsetting the minimum principal stress under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where W4 is the energy consumption rate of offsetting the minimum principal stress, σ min is the horizontal minimum principal stress, and Q is the displacement.

[0049] Optionally, the energy consumption index data includes perforation friction energy consumption rate W6;

[0050] The above-mentioned energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include:

[0051] According to the formula The perforation friction energy consumption rate W6 is calculated under different perforation cluster opening numbers. Where W6 is the perforation friction energy consumption rate, ρ is the fracturing fluid density, n is the cluster perforation number, N is the perforation cluster opening number, d is the perforation aperture, Q is the displacement, and K is the discharge coefficient.

[0052] Optionally, the energy consumption index data includes the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7;

[0053] The above-mentioned energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include:

[0054] According to the formula Calculate the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7 under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where , W7 is the friction energy consumption rate of the wellbore, Δp is the pressure drop along the wellbore, ΔL is the wellbore length from the wellhead to the section to be fractured, Re is the Reynolds number, D is the wellbore inner diameter, ε is the wellbore roughness, N is the number of perforation clusters opened, and Q is the displacement.

[0055] A second aspect of the present invention provides a perforation cluster opening quantity assessment system, comprising:

[0056] Energy consumption index data calculation module, which is used to calculate energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers based on the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the target fracturing well to be fractured section using a preset energy analysis model;

[0057] Energy consumption rate ratio calculation module, used to calculate the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers based on energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers;

[0058] A stress-flow-pressure ratio determination module is used to determine the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve;

[0059] The comparison and determination module is used to compare the stress-flow pressure ratio and the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers, and determine the perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the time period to be analyzed based on the comparison results.

[0060] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed by a processor, the processor is configured to execute the above-mentioned method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings.

[0061] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings is implemented.

[0062] The above technical solution provides a method and system for evaluating the number of perforation clusters to be opened. Based on the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the target well's unfractured section, a pre-set energy analysis model is used to calculate energy consumption indicators at different perforation cluster opening numbers to determine the perforation cluster's fluid inflow status. The analysis results of this pre-set energy analysis model are unaffected by fracture geometry and are objective and robust. Based on the energy consumption indicators at different perforation cluster opening numbers, the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio at each perforation cluster opening number is then calculated. The stress-flow-pressure ratio for the analysis period is determined using a pre-acquired operating pressure curve. The stress-flow-pressure ratio for the analysis period is compared with the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio at each perforation cluster opening number. The perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio closest to the stress-flow-pressure ratio is selected as the perforation cluster opening number for the analysis period. This method achieves the purpose of evaluating the number of perforation clusters to be opened, further enabling the assessment of effective perforation cluster opening, fluid inflow, and its temporal changes. This approach helps engineers optimize temporary plugging and diversion designs and determine the timing of temporary plugging and diversion, demonstrating practicality and accuracy.

[0063] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0065] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 is the construction pressure curve of the 9th section of shale gas well Y;

[0067] Figure 3 is the construction pressure curve of the 11th section of shale gas well Y2;

[0068] FIG4 is a block diagram of a perforation cluster opening quantity evaluation system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 10 - electronic device, 100 - processor, 101 - memory, 102 - computer program DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings, comprising:

[0074] S110: Based on the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the target fracturing well's to-be-fractured section, a preset energy analysis model is used to calculate energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers;

[0075] Specifically, based on the reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the target well's to-be-fractured section, a preset energy analysis model is used to calculate energy consumption indicators such as the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6, and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7 under different perforation cluster opening numbers (N=1-M, where N represents the number of perforation cluster openings and M represents the total number of perforation clusters) to determine the state of fluid inflow in the perforation cluster. The analysis results of this preset energy analysis model are not affected by the fracture geometry and are objective and robust.

[0076] In some implementations of this embodiment, the energy consumption index data includes the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1; the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers calculated using the preset energy analysis model includes: according to the formula Calculate the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1 under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where W1 is the fracture surface energy consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, K IC is the fracture toughness, E is Young's modulus, ν is Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

[0077] For example, t is fixed at 3600s.

[0078] In some implementations of this embodiment, the energy consumption index data includes the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2; the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers calculated using the preset energy analysis model include: according to the formula The viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; where W2 is the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, E is the Young's modulus, ν is the Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

[0079] In some implementations of this embodiment, the energy consumption index data includes the net pressure work consumption rate W3; the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers calculated using the preset energy analysis model includes: according to the formula The net pressure work consumption rate W3 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; where W3 is the net pressure work consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, E is the Young's modulus, ν is the Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

[0080] In some implementations of this embodiment, the energy consumption index data further includes an induced stress work consumption rate W5; the energy consumption index data calculated using a preset energy analysis model under different numbers of perforation cluster openings includes: calculating the induced stress work consumption rate W5 under different numbers of perforation cluster openings according to the formula W5=(N-1)W3; wherein W5 is the induced stress work consumption rate, N is the number of perforation cluster openings, and W3 is the net pressure work consumption rate.

[0081] In some implementations of this embodiment, the energy consumption index data includes the energy consumption rate W4 for offsetting the minimum principal stress; the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers calculated using the preset energy analysis model include: according to the formula W4 = Qσ min Calculate the energy consumption rate W4 of offsetting the minimum principal stress under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where W4 is the energy consumption rate of offsetting the minimum principal stress, σ min is the horizontal minimum principal stress, and Q is the displacement.

[0082] In some implementations of this embodiment, the energy consumption index data includes the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6; the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers calculated using the preset energy analysis model include: according to the formula The perforation friction energy consumption rate W6 is calculated under different perforation cluster opening numbers. Where W6 is the perforation friction energy consumption rate, ρ is the fracturing fluid density, n is the cluster perforation number, N is the perforation cluster opening number, d is the perforation aperture, Q is the displacement, and K is the discharge coefficient.

[0083] For example, K takes a value of 0.65.

[0084] In some implementations of this embodiment, the energy consumption index data includes the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7; the energy consumption index data calculated using the preset energy analysis model under different perforation cluster opening numbers include: according to the formula Calculate the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7 under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where , W7 is the friction energy consumption rate of the wellbore, Δp is the pressure drop along the wellbore, ΔL is the wellbore length from the wellhead to the section to be fractured, Re is the Reynolds number, D is the wellbore inner diameter, ε is the wellbore roughness, N is the number of perforation clusters opened, and Q is the displacement.

[0085] S120: Based on the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers, calculate the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers;

[0086] In some implementations of this embodiment, the calculation of the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different numbers of perforation cluster openings based on the energy consumption index data under different numbers of perforation cluster openings includes:

[0087] The total energy consumption rate for the corresponding perforation cluster opening number is obtained by summing the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6, and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7.

[0088] Specifically, for each perforation cluster opening number (N=1~M, where N represents the number of perforation clusters opened and M represents the total number of perforation clusters), the total energy consumption rate under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated according to the formula W=W1+W2+W3+W4+W5+W6+W7, N=1,2,3...M; where W is the total energy consumption rate.

[0089] Based on the total energy consumption rate under different perforation cluster opening numbers, the proportion of minimum principal stress energy consumption rate under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated.

[0090] The calculation formula for the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under the above different perforation cluster opening numbers is as follows: R1=W4 / W, where R1 is the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio, W4 is the energy consumption rate that offsets the minimum principal stress, and W is the total energy consumption rate.

[0091] S130: Determine the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve;

[0092] The construction pressure curve data involved in this method are easy to obtain and low in cost, making this method highly practical.

[0093] In some implementations of this embodiment, the reservoir geological and engineering parameters include the horizontal minimum principal stress; and determining the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve includes:

[0094] Selecting a time period in the construction pressure curve that meets a preset pressure change condition as the time period to be analyzed, and determining the average pressure of the construction pressure in the time period to be analyzed based on the construction pressure curve;

[0095] The time period of the preset pressure change condition may be a time period in which the pressure in the construction pressure curve is approximately stable.

[0096] Based on the average pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured, the average bottom hole flowing pressure of the period to be analyzed is obtained;

[0097] In some implementations of this embodiment, the calculation formula for obtaining the average bottom hole pressure during the analysis period based on the average pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured is as follows: b =p+p w Among them, P b is the average bottom hole pressure during the period to be analyzed, P is the average pressure of the operation pressure during the period to be analyzed, and P w is the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured.

[0098] Based on the horizontal minimum principal stress and the average bottomhole flowing pressure, the stress-flow-pressure ratio is obtained.

[0099] In some implementations of this embodiment, the calculation formula of the stress-flow-pressure ratio is as follows: Among them, P b is the average bottom hole pressure during the period to be analyzed, σ min is the horizontal minimum principal stress, and R2 is the stress-flow pressure ratio.

[0100] Specifically, a time period with approximately stable pressure in the construction pressure curve is selected as the period to be analyzed, and the average pressure P of the construction pressure in the period to be analyzed is determined. Based on the average pressure P and the hydrostatic pressure P of the section to be fractured w , first calculate the average bottom hole pressure P during the period to be analyzed b , then based on the horizontal minimum principal stress and the average bottom hole pressure P b , the ratio R2 of the horizontal minimum principal stress to the average bottom hole flowing pressure of the time period to be analyzed is obtained, that is, the stress-flow-pressure ratio.

[0101] S140: Compare the stress-flow-pressure ratio and the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers, and determine the perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the time period to be analyzed based on the comparison result.

[0102] Specifically, the ratio R2 of the horizontal minimum principal stress to the average bottomhole flowing pressure in the period to be analyzed (i.e., the stress-flow-pressure ratio) is compared with the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio R1 under different perforation cluster opening numbers (N = 1 to M, where N represents the number of perforation cluster openings and M represents the total number of perforation clusters). The R1 value closest to the stress-flow-pressure ratio R2 is selected, and the perforation cluster opening number N corresponding to this R1 value is the number of open perforation clusters in the period to be analyzed.

[0103] In this implementation, based on the reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the target well's target section, a pre-set energy analysis model is used to calculate energy consumption indicators at different perforation cluster opening numbers to determine the perforation cluster's fluid inflow status. The results of this pre-set energy analysis model are unaffected by fracture geometry and are objective and robust. Then, based on the energy consumption indicators at different perforation cluster opening numbers, the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio for each perforation cluster opening number is calculated. The stress-flow-pressure ratio for the analysis period is determined using a pre-acquired pressure curve. The stress-flow-pressure ratio for the analysis period is compared with the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio for each perforation cluster opening number. The perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio closest to the stress-flow-pressure ratio is selected as the perforation cluster opening number for the analysis period. This method effectively evaluates the perforation cluster opening number and, furthermore, assesses the effective perforation cluster opening, fluid inflow, and its temporal changes. This helps engineers optimize temporary plugging and diversion designs and determine the timing of temporary plugging and diversion, demonstrating practicality and accuracy.

[0104] In some implementations of this embodiment, the steps for obtaining the construction pressure curve are as follows:

[0105] Conduct segmented multi-cluster fracturing operations on the target fracturing well to obtain construction pressure monitoring data; and obtain a construction pressure curve based on the construction pressure monitoring data.

[0106] Specifically, a staged multi-cluster fracturing operation is carried out on the target fracturing well, and construction pressure monitoring data is collected, so that a construction pressure curve is drawn using all the collected construction pressure monitoring data.

[0107] In some implementations of this embodiment, the number of perforation clusters opened is not greater than the total number of perforation clusters; wherein the total number of perforation clusters is determined based on reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the to-be-fractured section of the target fracturing well.

[0108] Specifically, the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the to-be-fractured section of the target fracturing well are collected and sorted, and the total number of perforation clusters M of the to-be-fractured section is determined.

[0109] Example 2

[0110] Taking the 9th section of shale gas well Y in southern Sichuan as an example, there are 11 perforation clusters in the 9th section. A method for evaluating the number of perforation clusters opened based on the hydraulic fracturing operation pressure curve includes the following steps:

[0111] Step S10: Collect and organize the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the 9th section of shale gas well Y as shown in Table 1, and determine the total number of perforation clusters M in the fracturing section = 11;

[0112] Table 1 Reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the 9th section of shale gas well Y

[0113] Step S20: Based on the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the 9th section of shale gas well Y, an energy analysis calculation model is used to calculate the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6, and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7 for different perforation cluster opening numbers N=1 to 11.

[0114] Step S30, summing W1 to W7 to calculate the total energy consumption rate W for the 9th section of shale gas well Y with different perforation cluster opening numbers N=1 to 11;

[0115] Step S40, calculating the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio R1 of the 9th section of shale gas well Y at different perforation cluster opening numbers N=1 to 11 based on the offset minimum principal stress energy consumption rate W4 and the total energy consumption rate W under different perforation cluster opening numbers, the results are shown in Table 2;

[0116] Table 2 Calculation results of the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio R1 in the 9th section of shale gas well Y

[0117] Step S50: Perform staged multi-cluster fracturing operations on the 9th section of shale gas well Y, collect operation pressure monitoring data to obtain an operation pressure curve, as shown in FIG2 , which is an operation pressure curve of the 9th section of shale gas well Y.

[0118] Step S60: Select the pressure stable period before the temporary plugging operation (16:10 to 16:15) from the construction pressure curve, and determine the average pressure P of the construction pressure in the period = 31 MPa;

[0119] Step S70: Based on the hydrostatic pressure P of the 9th section of shale gas well Y w =15MPa, according to p b =p+p w Calculate the average bottom hole pressure P during the period to be analyzed b =46MPa, according to Calculate the horizontal minimum principal stress σ min and the average bottom hole pressure P during the period to be analyzed b The ratio R2 = 76%;

[0120] Step S80: Compare the ratio of the horizontal minimum principal stress to the average bottomhole flowing pressure of the section to be analyzed, R2 = 76%, with the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio R1 (Table 2). The R1 value closest to R2 is 75.74%, and the corresponding perforation cluster opening number N = 7 is the number of perforation clusters opened during the period to be analyzed.

[0121] Example 3

[0122] Taking the 11th section of the Y2 shale gas well in southern Sichuan as an example, there are 6 perforation clusters in the 11th section. A method for evaluating the number of perforation clusters opened based on the hydraulic fracturing operation pressure curve includes the following steps:

[0123] Step S10: Collect and organize the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the 11th section of shale gas well Y2 as shown in Table 3, and determine the total number of perforation clusters M in the fracturing section = 6;

[0124] Table 3 Reservoir geological and engineering parameters of shale gas well Y2 section 11

[0125] Step S20: Based on the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the 11th section of the shale gas well Y2, an energy analysis calculation model is used to calculate the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6, and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7 for different perforation cluster opening numbers N=1 to 6.

[0126] Step S30, summing W1 to W7 to calculate the total energy consumption rate W for the 11th section of shale gas well Y2 with different perforation cluster opening numbers N=1 to 6;

[0127] Step S40: Calculate the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio R1 of the 11th section of shale gas well Y2 at different perforation cluster opening numbers N=1 to 6 based on the offset minimum principal stress energy consumption rate W4 and the total energy consumption rate W under different perforation cluster opening numbers. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0128] Table 4 Calculation results of the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio R1 in the 11th section of shale gas well Y2

[0129] Step S50: Perform staged multi-cluster fracturing operations on the 11th section of shale gas well Y2, collect operation pressure monitoring data, and obtain an operation pressure curve, as shown in FIG3 . FIG3 is an operation pressure curve of the 11th section of shale gas well Y2.

[0130] Step S60: Select the pressure stable period after the temporary plugging operation (14:40 to 14:50) in the construction pressure curve, and determine the average pressure P of the construction pressure in the period = 65 MPa;

[0131] Step S70: Based on the hydrostatic pressure P of the 11th section of shale gas well Y2 w =24MPa, according to p b =p+p w Calculate the average bottom hole pressure P during the period to be analyzed b =89MPa, according to Calculate the horizontal minimum principal stress σ minThe ratio of the average bottom hole flowing pressure during the period to be analyzed is R2 = 72%;

[0132] Step S80: Compare the ratio of the horizontal minimum principal stress to the average bottomhole flowing pressure of the section to be analyzed (R2 = 72%) with the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio (R1) (Table 3). The R1 value closest to R2 is 69.39%, and its corresponding perforation cluster opening number N = 3 is the number of perforation clusters opened during the period to be analyzed.

[0133] Example 4

[0134] FIG4 is a block diagram of a system for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG4 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings, comprising:

[0135] Energy consumption index data calculation module, which is used to calculate energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers based on the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the target fracturing well to be fractured section using a preset energy analysis model;

[0136] Energy consumption rate ratio calculation module, used to calculate the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers based on energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers;

[0137] A stress-flow-pressure ratio determination module is used to determine the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve;

[0138] The comparison and determination module is used to compare the stress-flow pressure ratio and the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers, and determine the perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the time period to be analyzed based on the comparison results.

[0139] Specifically, the system uses a pre-set energy analysis model to calculate energy consumption indicators at different perforation cluster opening numbers based on the reservoir geological and engineering parameters of the target well's target section. This model determines the perforation cluster's fluid inflow status. The results of this pre-set energy analysis model are unaffected by fracture geometry and are objective and robust. The system then calculates the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio for each perforation cluster opening number based on the energy consumption indicators. The system uses pre-acquired pressure curves to determine the stress-flow-pressure ratio for the analysis period. The stress-flow-pressure ratio for the analysis period is compared with the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio for each perforation cluster opening number. The perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio that most closely matches the stress-flow-pressure ratio is selected as the perforation cluster opening number for the analysis period. This allows for the evaluation of the perforation cluster opening number, further enabling the assessment of effective perforation cluster opening, fluid inflow, and its temporal changes. This helps engineers optimize temporary plugging and diversion designs and determine the timing of temporary plugging and diversion, demonstrating practicality and accuracy.

[0140] Example 5

[0141] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed by the processor 100, the processor 100 is configured to execute the above-mentioned method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings.

[0142] Machine-readable storage media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0143] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device 10, which includes a memory 101, a processor 100, and a computer program 102 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the processor 100. When the processor 100 executes the computer program 102, the above-mentioned method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings is implemented.

[0144] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG5 , electronic device 10 in accordance with this embodiment includes a processor 100, a memory 101, and a computer program 102 stored in memory 101 and executable on processor 100. When processor 100 executes computer program 102, the steps in the aforementioned method embodiment are implemented. Alternatively, when processor 100 executes computer program 102, the functions of the modules / units in the aforementioned device embodiment are implemented.

[0145] Exemplarily, computer program 102 may be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more of which are stored in memory 101 and executed by processor 100 to implement the present invention. One or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, and these instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of computer program 102 in electronic device 10. For example, computer program 102 may be divided into an energy consumption index data calculation module, an energy consumption rate ratio calculation module, a stress-flow-pressure ratio determination module, and a comparison determination module.

[0146] Electronic device 10 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, laptop, PDA, or cloud server. Electronic device 10 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 100 and a memory 101. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that FIG5 is merely an example of electronic device 10 and does not limit the scope of electronic device 10. The electronic device 10 may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components or different components. For example, the electronic device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, and the like.

[0147] The processor 100 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0148] The memory 101 may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 10, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device 10. The memory 101 may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 10, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a flash memory card, etc. equipped on the electronic device 10. Furthermore, the memory 101 may include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 10 and an external storage device. The memory 101 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the electronic device 10. The memory 101 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is about to be output.

[0149] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0150] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program 102 products. Thus, the present application may take the form of a fully hardware embodiment, a fully software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program 102 product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0151] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program 102 products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program 102 instructions. These computer program 102 instructions can be provided to a processor 100 of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor 100 of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0152] These computer program 102 instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory 101 that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory 101 produce a manufactured product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0153] These computer program 102 instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, whereby the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0154] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0155] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings, characterized in that: include: Based on the reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the target well to be fractured, the preset energy analysis model is used to calculate the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers; Based on the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers, the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; Based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve, determine the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed; The stress-flow-pressure ratio and the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers are compared, and based on the comparison results, the perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the time period to be analyzed is determined.

2. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data include the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscosity dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6 and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are used to calculate the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers, including: The fracture surface energy consumption rate W1, the viscosity dissipation energy consumption rate W2, the net pressure work consumption rate W3, the minimum principal stress offset energy consumption rate W4, the induced stress work consumption rate W5, the perforation friction energy consumption rate W6 and the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7 are summed to obtain the total energy consumption rate under the corresponding perforation cluster opening number; Based on the total energy consumption rate under different numbers of perforation clusters opened, the proportion of the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate under different numbers of perforation clusters opened is calculated.

3. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers is as follows: R1=W1 / W, where R1 is the proportion of the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate, W4 is the energy consumption rate that offsets the minimum principal stress, and W is the total energy consumption rate.

4. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the construction pressure curve are as follows: Carry out segmented multi-cluster fracturing operations on the target fracturing wells to obtain construction pressure monitoring data; A construction pressure curve is obtained according to the construction pressure monitoring data.

5. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reservoir geological and engineering parameters include horizontal minimum principal stress; The determining of the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve includes: Selecting a time period in the construction pressure curve that meets a preset pressure change condition as a time period to be analyzed, and determining an average pressure of the construction pressure in the time period to be analyzed based on the construction pressure curve; Based on the average pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured, an average bottom hole flowing pressure of the time period to be analyzed is obtained; Based on the horizontal minimum principal stress and the average bottom hole flowing pressure, a stress-flow-pressure ratio is obtained.

6. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula for obtaining the average bottom hole flowing pressure of the time period to be analyzed based on the average pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured is as follows: p b =p+p w ; Among them, P b is the average bottom hole flow pressure during the period to be analyzed, P is the average pressure of the operation pressure during the period to be analyzed, and P w is the hydrostatic pressure of the section to be fractured.

7. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the stress-flow pressure ratio is as follows: Among them, P b is the average bottom hole flowing pressure during the period to be analyzed, σ min is the horizontal minimum principal stress, and R2 is the stress-flow pressure ratio.

8. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of perforation clusters opened is not greater than the total number of perforation clusters; The total number of perforation clusters is determined based on reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the to-be-fractured section of the target fracturing well.

9. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data include the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are calculated by using a preset energy analysis model, including: According to the formula Calculate the fracture surface energy consumption rate W1 under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where W1 is the fracture surface energy consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, K IC is the fracture toughness, E is Young's modulus, ν is Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, and t is the time.

10. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data includes the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are calculated by using a preset energy analysis model, including: According to the formula The viscous dissipation energy consumption rate W2 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; where W2 is the viscous dissipation energy consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, E is the Young's modulus, ν is the Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

11. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data includes the net pressure working energy consumption rate W3; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are calculated by using a preset energy analysis model, including: According to the formula The net pressure work consumption rate W3 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; where W3 is the net pressure work consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, H is the reservoir thickness, E is the Young's modulus, ν is the Poisson's ratio, Q is the displacement, μ is the fracturing fluid viscosity, and t is time.

12. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 11, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data also includes the energy consumption rate W5 of the induced stress; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are calculated by using a preset energy analysis model, including: The induced stress work consumption rate W5 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated according to the formula W5=(N-1)W3; wherein W5 is the induced stress work consumption rate, N is the perforation cluster opening number, and W3 is the net pressure work consumption rate.

13. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data includes the energy consumption rate W4 for offsetting the minimum principal stress; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are calculated by using a preset energy analysis model, including: According to the formula W4=Qσ min Calculate the energy consumption rate W4 of offsetting the minimum principal stress under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where W4 is the energy consumption rate of offsetting the minimum principal stress, σ m i n is the horizontal minimum principal stress and Q is the displacement.

14. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data includes perforation friction energy consumption rate W6; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are calculated by using a preset energy analysis model, including: According to the formula The perforation friction energy consumption rate W6 under different perforation cluster opening numbers is calculated; where W6 is the perforation friction energy consumption rate, ρ is the fracturing fluid density, n is the cluster perforation number, N is the perforation cluster opening number, d is the perforation aperture, Q is the displacement, and K is the flow coefficient.

15. The method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy consumption index data includes the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7; The energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers are calculated by using a preset energy analysis model, including: According to the formula Calculate the wellbore friction energy consumption rate W7 under different perforation cluster opening numbers; where: , W7 is the friction energy consumption rate of the wellbore, Δp is the pressure drop along the wellbore, ΔL is the length of the wellbore from the wellhead to the section to be fractured, Re is the Reynolds number, D is the inner diameter of the wellbore, ε is the roughness of the wellbore, N is the number of perforation clusters opened, and Q is the displacement.

16. A perforation cluster opening quantity assessment system, characterized in that: include: An energy consumption index data calculation module is used to calculate energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers based on reservoir geology and engineering parameters of the target fracturing well to be fractured section using a preset energy analysis model; The energy consumption rate ratio calculation module is used to calculate the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers based on the energy consumption index data under different perforation cluster opening numbers; A stress-flow-pressure ratio determination module is used to determine the time period to be analyzed and the stress-flow-pressure ratio of the time period to be analyzed based on the pre-acquired construction pressure curve; The comparison and determination module is used to compare the stress-flow pressure ratio and the minimum principal stress energy consumption rate ratio under different perforation cluster opening numbers, and determine the perforation cluster opening number corresponding to the time period to be analyzed based on the comparison result.

17. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed by a processor, the processor is configured to execute the method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15.

18. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the method for evaluating the number of perforation cluster openings described in any one of claims 1 to 15 is implemented.

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