Tool head comprising a main body

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool head (1) comprising: a main body (2); a blade carrier (3) supported against the main body (2) via a positioning stop (6) for defining the cutting circle diameter; and a clamping element (4) which is movable relative to the main body (2) in a clamping direction (S). The invention also relates to a blade carrier (3) for a tool head (1), and to a method for assembling and / or servicing a tool head (1). The aim of the invention is to both align the cutting blade with respect to the cutting circle diameter and to frictionally and interlockingly fix the cutting blade relative to the main body, using only one clamping element. This aim is achieved in that the clamping element (4) and the blade carrier (3) comprise cooperating wedge faces (8) for positioning the blade carrier (3) against the positioning stop (6), which wedge faces are inclined at an angle of 30-60° in relation to the clamping direction (S).

Description

[0001] Tool head with a base body

[0002] Technical area

[0003] The invention relates to a tool head comprising a base body, a blade holder supported on the base body via a positioning stop for determining the cutting circle diameter, and a clamping element displaceable relative to the base body in a clamping direction. The invention also relates to a blade holder for the tool head and a method for assembling and / or maintaining the tool head.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] DE102019111986B3 discloses a tool head comprising a base body and a clamping element for a cutting blade. The cutting blade includes a positioning stop for defining the cutting circle diameter and is clamped between the clamping element and the base body in a form-fitting and force-fitting manner. To position the cutting blades against the positioning stop, at least one elastic element is provided, which presses the clamping element and, with it, the cutting blade toward the positioning stop for defining the cutting circle diameter. A disadvantage of this design, however, is that positioning the cutting blade is complex, and the correct positioning of the cutting blade, particularly after resharpening, depends on the recovery properties of the elastic element.

[0006] For the correct positioning of the cutting blade to determine the cutting circle diameter, it has already been proposed (DE3120962A1) to provide a positioning stop on rings inserted into a groove in the base body, which interact with corresponding counter-stops on the cutting blades. This also complicates the positioning of the cutting blade and requires a spring element or a separate positioning screw to align the cutting blade with the positioning stop.

[0007] Description of the invention

[0008] The invention is therefore based on the object of aligning the cutting blade with respect to the cutting circle diameter using a tool head of the type described at the outset and of fixing it in a force-locking and form-locking manner relative to the base body using only one clamping element.

[0009] The invention achieves this objective in that the clamping element and the knife carrier have cooperating wedge surfaces for positioning the knife carrier against the positioning stop, which are inclined at an angle of 30° - 60° relative to the clamping direction. As a result of these measures, the actuating force of the clamping element acting in the clamping direction can be redirected against the positioning stop via the mutually sliding wedge surfaces, whereby the knife carrier with the cutting knife is positioned against the positioning stop and simultaneously clamped between the base body and the clamping element. Positioning the knife carrier with the cutting knife against the positioning stop aligns the knife carrier and thus also the cutting knife such that the cutting edge of the cutting knife lies on the specified cutting circle diameter.This means that the positioning stop acts at least partially counter to the direction of the cutting circle diameter and thus usually also counter to the extension direction of the knife holder. Preferably, the positioning stop can fix the knife holder in two directions, namely in the direction of the cutting circle diameter and in a second direction running transversely thereto and transversely to a rotational axis of the tool head. Particularly advantageous design conditions arise in this context if the positioning stop forms a positioning shoulder or positioning step. The knife holder and the cutting knife mounted thereon can be designed as one or more pieces within the meaning of the invention.Due to the angle according to the invention between the clamping direction and the wedge surfaces, the resulting wedge effect allows for a sufficiently high contact force of the knife holder against the positioning stop, as well as a sufficiently high clamping force for the friction-locked securing of the knife holder between the base body and the clamping element. A particularly advantageous embodiment is achieved when the wedge surfaces of the knife holder and the clamping element are inclined at an angle of 40° - 50°, preferably 45°, relative to the clamping direction.

[0010] To further improve the positioning of the knife carrier, the knife carrier can have a counter-stop opposite the wedge surface and interacting with the positioning stop of the base body. This results in a defined force and form fit at the positioning stop, particularly when the latter acts in multiple directions. In a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the positioning stop and the counter-stop match. This means that the opposing stop surfaces of the base body and the knife carrier run parallel to one another. In particular, at least two stop surfaces can be provided for the positioning stop and / or the counter-stop, which run transversely to one another. One stop surface can be aligned parallel to the clamping direction and one stop surface transversely to this. The counter-stop preferably also forms a stop step.

[0011] To facilitate controlled movement of the clamping element along the clamping direction and thus, in particular, to improve handling conditions for maintenance purposes, the clamping element can be supported on the base body via a sliding surface running in the clamping direction. The clamping element can be limited by the sliding surface transverse to the clamping direction. In a preferred embodiment, this sliding surface can run parallel to the clamping direction. Although the clamping direction can in principle also run transversely to the extension direction, for example, perpendicular to the extension direction, particularly favorable conditions arise when the clamping direction runs parallel to the extension direction of the knife carrier.

[0012] To enable the knife holder to be easily positioned against the positioning stop, it is recommended that the clamping element have an actuating element that is supported on the base body opposite to the clamping direction. Due to these features, when the actuating element is actuated, the clamping element is subjected to an actuating force, allowing the clamping element to be displaced along the clamping direction and thus the knife holder, which interacts with the clamping element via the wedge surface, to be positioned against the positioning stop of the base body. Furthermore, the actuating element can serve as a safeguard against the clamping element accidentally falling out of the base body in the clamping direction, with the actuating element preferably being designed as an axial safeguard for this purpose.

[0013] In this context, a design that is as compact as possible and enables reliable operation of the actuating element during assembly of the tool head is achieved by the knife carrier and, if applicable, also the clamping element having a through-opening for actuating the actuating element. In this case, the actuating tool can facilitate pre-positioning of the knife carrier by serving as a guide aid for the knife carrier, which is operatively connected to the actuating tool via the through-opening, for example via its shaft, when the actuating tool is guided through and attached. In order to also largely prevent unwanted triggering of the actuating element during operation, the clamping element and thus the actuating element can be covered by the knife carrier in the installed state in such a way that the actuating element can only be inserted via the through-opening, for examplecan be actuated using a corresponding actuating tool. The passage opening in the knife carrier and, if applicable, in the clamping element is largely closed off by the actuating element in the installed state in such a way that unwanted penetration of chips and other contaminant particles into the knife carrier receptacle in the tool head is prevented. Improved protection against ingress can be achieved by a correspondingly precisely fitting and essentially gap-free design of the knife carrier and clamping element inserted into the tool head. In a preferred embodiment, the knife carrier covers the receptacle provided for the knife carrier in the tool head at least in sections, so that in this area gaps between the knife carrier and the tool head run outwards transversely to the clamping direction.Advantageously, both the knife carrier and the clamping element each comprise corresponding through holes which form the passage opening.

[0014] Favorable design conditions arise when the actuating element of the clamping element is a plate screw whose head, together with a groove in the base body, forms the axial locking device and / or whose threaded shank has a tool attachment for an actuating tool on the end face opposite the head. Accordingly, the clamping element can preferably comprise a threaded bore corresponding to the threaded shank of the plate screw. To form an axial locking device, at least one head section of the plate screw engages behind the base body via the groove in such a way that the clamping element connected to the plate screw can only be displaced along the clamping direction by actuating the actuating element, i.e. by applying a corresponding tightening torque to the plate screw.

[0015] In order to reduce the material required for the tool head despite high cutting quality and at the same time increase the longevity of the cutting blade, it is proposed that the blade carrier be integrally connected to a cutting blade. This allows the cutting blade to remain free of clamping forces, in particular because the clamping element is no longer pressed against the cutting blade itself, but only against the blade carrier. The cutting blade is preferably arranged on the side of the blade carrier opposite the counter-stop of the blade carrier or the positioning stop. Reduced material requirements are achieved, for example, by the fact that the cutting blade is significantly smaller in terms of material volume than the blade carrier to which it is integrally connected. The only decisive factor is that the cutting blade is dimensioned in such a way that the cutting behavior is not impaired.The cutting blade, made of hard metal, polycrystalline diamond sintered onto hard metal or similar suitable materials, is preferably bonded to the blade carrier, which is made of steel, by brazing.

[0016] In order to ensure that the specified cutting circle diameter remains constant after the required resharpening of the cutting blade, the counter-stop of the blade holder can have a machining surface running transversely to or in the clamping direction for positioning the blade holder in or transversely to the clamping direction. This creates the prerequisite that, while maintaining a specified distance between the cutting edge of the cutting blade and the machining surface of the blade holder, both the cutting blade can be sharpened, for example, by grinding, and the machining surface can be removed, particularly by easily performed linear milling.For this purpose, for example, material is removed from the knife carrier in the area of ​​the machining surface of the positioning stop by an amount related to the cutting circle diameter, which corresponds to the amount removed from the resharpened cutting knife, also related to the cutting circle diameter.

[0017] Particularly favorable conditions arise in this context when the machining surface extends transversely to the clamping direction running parallel to the pull-out direction.

[0018] Particularly in the case of multi-part tool sets, i.e. for example in the case of tool heads that are to be used for different profilings, after any resharpening, in addition to radial constancy with regard to the cutting circle diameter, axial constancy with regard to a predetermined position of the cutting edge of the cutting knife in the axial direction, i.e. parallel to the direction of the rotation axis of the tool head, must also be maintained. Against this background, the invention creates the prerequisite that during resharpening, readjustment of the axial pre-positioning of the knife carrier and thus time-consuming disassembly and readjustment of the entire tool head can be dispensed with if the clamping direction is inclined at an angle of 0° - 90°, preferably 30° - 60°, in particular 45°, relative to the direction of the rotation axis of the tool head. The corresponding angle of inclination can be selected depending on the profile requirements.As a result of these measures, the main direction of the cutting edge of the cutting blade is inclined at an angle of 0° - 90°, preferably 30° - 60°, in particular 45°, relative to the direction of the rotation axis of the tool head.

[0019] In this context, favorable design conditions arise when the base body of the tool head has a chamfer with a chamfer angle of 0° - 90°, preferably 30° - 60°, in particular 45°, with the blade carrier being arranged in the region of the chamfer. For the purposes of the invention, the chamfer angle means that the chamfer is inclined at an angle of 0° - 90°, preferably 30° - 60°, in particular 45°, relative to the direction of the rotational axis of the tool head.

[0020] The invention also relates to a knife holder for a tool head according to the invention. The knife holder has a wedge surface, a counter-stop opposite the wedge surface, and a through-opening for actuating an actuating element. The wedge surface is preferably inclined at an angle of 30° - 60°, preferably 40° - 50°, particularly preferably 45°, relative to the through-opening axis. Particularly favorable assembly conditions arise when the through-opening axis runs parallel to the clamping direction. Furthermore, reference is made to the above statements regarding further advantageous design options for the knife holder. For example, the knife holder can be integrally connected to a cutting knife.This allows the use of different material systems for the cutting blade on one side and the blade carrier on the other, without requiring complex fastening of the two components to each other. For resharpening, it is also advantageous if the blade carrier has a machining surface running transversely to or in the direction of the passage axis of the through-hole, allowing the blade carrier to be positioned in or transversely to the direction of the passage axis of the through-hole.

[0021] The invention also relates to a method for assembling and / or maintaining a tool head according to the invention, wherein the knife holder is inserted into the tool head, after which the clamping element is positioned along the sliding surface in the clamping direction, and thus the knife holder is positioned along the wedge surface against the positioning stop of the base body. If resharpening of the cutting knife is necessary, both the cutting knife and the machining surface can be sharpened before inserting the knife holder into the tool head, while maintaining a predetermined distance between the cutting edge of the cutting knife and the machining surface of the knife holder.

[0022] Brief description of the invention

[0023] The drawing shows an example of the subject matter of the invention.

[0024] Fig. 1 is a schematic oblique view of a tool head according to the invention in a first embodiment,

[0025] Fig. 2 is a section along the line II - II on a larger scale, Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2 with the knife carrier released,

[0026] Fig. 4 is a representation corresponding to Fig. 2 with resharpened cutting knife and removed machining surface of the knife carrier and Fig. 5 is a schematic oblique view of a tool head according to the invention in a further embodiment.

[0027] Ways to implement the invention

[0028] A tool head 1 according to the invention comprises a base body 2, preferably made of aluminum, a knife holder 3 supported on the base body, and a clamping element 4. The tool head 1 is rotatable about a rotation axis R. The knife holder 3, preferably made of steel, is connected by brazing to a cutting knife 5, which is formed, for example, from hard metal.

[0029] To determine the cutting circle diameter, the knife carrier 3 is supported on the base body 2 via a positioning stop 6, wherein the clamping element 4 is displaceable relative to the base body 2 in a clamping direction S. Furthermore, the clamping element 4 is supported on the base body 2 via a sliding surface 7 extending in the clamping direction S.

[0030] To position the knife carrier 3 against the positioning stop 6, the clamping element 4 and the knife carrier 3 have cooperating wedge surfaces 8, which are inclined at an angle of 45° with respect to the clamping direction S. As a result, the actuating force of the clamping element 4 acting in the clamping direction S can be redirected against the positioning stop 6 via the wedge surfaces 8 sliding against each other, whereby the knife carrier 3 with the cutting knife 5 is positioned against the positioning stop 6 and simultaneously between the base body

[0031] 2 and the clamping element 4. Adjusting the knife carrier

[0032] 3 with the cutting blade 5 against the positioning stop 6, thereby aligning the blade carrier 3 and thus also the cutting blade 5 such that the cutting edge of the cutting blade 5 lies on the specified cutting circle diameter. To further simplify positioning, the blade carrier 3 has a counter-stop 9 opposite the wedge surface 8 and interacting with the positioning stop 6 of the base body 2. In order to position the blade carrier 3 against the positioning stop 6 by pressing the clamping element 4 supported on the base body 2 against the blade carrier 3 in the clamping direction S, an actuating element 10 designed as a plate screw is provided. The head 11 of the plate screw, together with a groove 12 in the base body 2, forms an axial lock. In addition, the threaded shaft 13 has a tool attachment 14 for an actuating tool for applying or releasing the clamping element 4 (see Fig.3) of a corresponding tightening torque. For this purpose, the plate screw is accessible via a through-opening 15 arranged, in the present embodiment, both on the blade carrier 3 and on the clamping element 4 of the blade carrier 3.

[0033] In order to keep the cutting circle diameter constant despite any resharpening that may be necessary at certain operating intervals, the counter-stop 9 of the knife holder 3 has a machining surface 16 running transversely to the clamping direction S for positioning the knife holder 3 in the clamping direction. To resharpen the cutting knife 5, the knife holder 3, which is thus released, is first removed from the tool head 1 in a withdrawal direction A by loosening the plate screw. Before the knife holder 3 is reinserted into the tool head 1, both the cutting knife 5 is sharpened and the machining surface 16 is removed, while maintaining a predetermined distance x between the cutting edge of the cutting knife 5 and the machining surface 16 of the knife holder 3.

[0034] In order to avoid having to readjust the axial pre-positioning of the knife holder 3 during resharpening and thus to avoid the laborious disassembly and readjustment of the entire tool head 1, according to an embodiment shown as an example in Fig. 5, the clamping direction S can be inclined at an angle of 45° with respect to the direction of the axis of rotation R of the tool head 1. Accordingly, the main direction H of the cutting edge of the cutting knife 5 is also inclined with respect to the direction of the axis of rotation R of the tool head 1. To form such an inclination, it can be provided, for example, as shown in Fig. 5, that the base body 2 of the tool head 1 has a chamfer 17 with a chamfer angle of 45°, the knife holder 3 being arranged in the region of the chamfer 17.

Claims

Patent claims 1 . Tool head (1 ) with a base body (2), a knife carrier (3) supported on the base body (2) via a positioning stop (6) for determining the cutting circle diameter, and a clamping element displaceable in a clamping direction (S) relative to the base body (2) (4), characterized in that the clamping element (4) and the knife carrier (3) have cooperating wedge surfaces (8) for positioning the knife carrier (3) against the positioning stop (6), which are opposite to the clamping direction (5) are inclined at an angle of 30° - 60°.

2. Tool head (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping element (4) is supported on the base body (2) via a sliding surface (7) running in the clamping direction (S).

3. Tool head (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the clamping element (4) has an actuating element (10) which is supported on the base body (2) opposite to the clamping direction (S).

4. Tool head (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the actuating element (10) of the clamping element (4) is a plate screw, the head (11) of which, together with a groove (12) of the base body (2), forms an axial securing means and / or the threaded shaft (13) of which has a tool attachment (14) for an actuating tool on the end face opposite the head.

5. Tool head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the clamping direction (S) is inclined at an angle of 0° - 90° with respect to the direction of the rotation axis (R) of the tool head (1).

6. Knife carrier (3) for a tool head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a wedge surface (8), a counter-stop (9) opposite the wedge surface (8), and a passage opening (15) for actuating an actuating element (10).

7. Knife carrier (3) according to claim 6, characterized in that the knife carrier (3) is integrally connected to a cutting knife (5).

8. Knife carrier (3) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the wedge surface (8) is inclined at an angle of 30° - 60° relative to the passage axis of the passage opening (15).

9. Knife carrier (3) according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the counter-stop (9) has a machining surface (16) extending transversely to or in the direction of the passage axis of the passage opening (15) for positioning the knife carrier (3) in or transversely to the direction of the passage axis of the passage opening (15).

10. Method for assembling and / or servicing a tool head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the knife carrier (3) is inserted into the tool head (1), after which the clamping element (4) is positioned along the sliding surface (7) in the clamping direction (S) and thus the knife carrier (3) is positioned along the wedge surface (8) against the positioning stop (6) of the base body (2).

11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that before inserting the knife carrier (3) into the tool head (1), both the cutting knife (5) is sharpened and the machining surface (16) is removed, while maintaining a predetermined distance (x) between the cutting edge of the cutting knife (5) and a machining surface (16) of the knife carrier (3).

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