Addressing method, battery management system, battery management assembly, and related device

Abstract

An addressing method, a battery management system (1013), a battery management assembly (201), a battery pack (101), a battery module (100), a propulsion system (602), a mobile device (600), and a computer readable storage medium. The addressing method is applied to each battery management system (1013) among multiple battery management systems (1013) connected in sequence, and each battery management system (1013) can be activated in response to an activation signal of a battery management system (1013) previous to said battery management system (1013). The addressing method comprises: (S11) when a current battery management system (1013) is a host, controlling a battery management system (1013) previous to a target battery management system (1013) to activate the target battery management system (1013), the target battery management system (1013) being an unaddressed battery management system (1013); and (S12) addressing the target battery management system (1013).

Description

Addressing method, battery management system, battery management component and related equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an addressing method, a battery management system, a battery management component, a battery pack, a battery module, a propulsion system, a mobile device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] When using a battery pack for power supply, a single battery pack may not be able to meet the power needs of the device during the current period. To address this issue, related technologies have been able to combine multiple battery packs to power the device, thereby meeting the device's power needs. However, when combining multiple battery packs for power supply, each battery pack must be individually programmed with an address to distinguish between them, making this address allocation method inefficient.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] In the first aspect, the present application provides an addressing method, which is applied to each battery management system in a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, and each battery management system can be activated in response to the activation signal of the previous battery management system of the present battery management system; the addressing method includes: when the present battery management system is the host, controlling the previous battery management system of the target battery management system to activate the target battery management system, and the target battery management system is an unaddressed battery management system; and addressing the target battery management system.

[0005] In the second aspect, the present application provides an addressing method, which is applied to each battery management system in a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, and each battery management system can be activated in response to the activation signal of the previous battery management system of the present battery management system; the addressing method includes: when the present battery management system is a slave, receiving the activation control signal sent by the host; activating the target battery management system in response to the activation control signal, and the target battery management system is the next battery management system of the present battery management system.

[0006] In a third aspect, the present application provides an addressing method applied to a battery management component, wherein the battery management component includes multiple battery management systems connected in sequence, and each battery management system can be activated in response to the activation signal of the previous battery management system of the current battery management system; the addressing method includes: the host among the multiple battery management systems sends an activation control signal to the slave among the multiple battery management systems; the slave activates the next battery management system of the local machine in response to the activation control signal; and the host addresses the next battery management system.

[0007] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a battery management system, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the addressing method described in the first or second aspect of the present application is implemented.

[0008] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a battery management component, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the addressing method described in the third aspect of the present application when executing the program.

[0009] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising: the battery management system described in the fourth aspect of the present application; and a battery cell connected to the battery management system.

[0010] In the seventh aspect, the present application provides a battery module, which includes: multiple battery packs described in the sixth aspect of the present application; or includes battery cells and the battery management component described in the fifth aspect of the present application, and the battery cells are connected to the battery management component.

[0011] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a propulsion system, comprising: a propeller; and the battery module described in the seventh aspect of the present application, wherein the battery module is connected to the propeller.

[0012] In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a movable device, comprising: a movable body; and the propulsion system described in the eighth aspect of the present application, wherein the propulsion system is combined with the movable body.

[0013] In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the addressing method described in the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect of the present application.

[0014] In this embodiment of the present application, each of the multiple sequentially connected battery management systems can be activated in response to an activation signal from a previous battery management system. This allows the host battery management system to control the previous battery management system to activate the target battery management system, which can then be addressed. This approach enables addressing of the battery management systems, eliminating the need to program the address of each battery pack individually and significantly improving the efficiency of address allocation for battery packs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0016] FIG1A is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0019] FIG. 1D is a schematic diagram of a battery management assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] FIG. 1E is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG2 is a flow chart of an addressing method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG3 is a flow chart of an addressing method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG4 is a flow chart of an addressing method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including a switch element and a double-pole switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including a voltage conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including a second switch unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack including an external signal input terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG10 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack connected to a storage battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack connected to a charger according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a connection method of multiple battery management systems according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG14 is a flowchart of an addressing process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG15 is a flowchart of a re-addressing process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a propulsion system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a movable device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0039] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items. Unless otherwise indicated, similar words such as "front", "rear", "bottom" and / or "top" are only for ease of explanation and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. Similar words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, and can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Multiple" means at least two.

[0040] Movable devices include devices that can operate or move in areas such as land, water, and air. As an example, a movable device may be a land movable device, such as a car, truck, etc. As another example, a movable device may be an aircraft, such as a drone, an airship, etc. As yet another example, a water movable device refers to a mobile device that can operate or move on water, and can be used for navigation, diving, entertainment, or other water activities. For example, a water movable device may be various types of water transportation vehicles such as commercial ships, passenger ships, yachts, fishing boats, sailboats, civilian ships, etc., and may also be water inspection equipment, water management equipment, water environment monitoring equipment, etc., and may also be equipment that can move in water, such as underwater detection ships, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0041] Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of a movable device 600. The movable device 600 may include a movable body 601 and a propulsion system 602, and the propulsion system 602 is installed on the movable body 601. Taking the movable device 600 as a water movable device as an example, the movable body 601 is a water movable body and the propulsion system 602 is a water propeller system. The water propeller system serves as a power supply device for the water movable device. It can change its posture relative to the water movable body so that it can be placed below the water surface when the water propulsion system is needed, thereby providing propulsion for the movement of the water movable body. When the water propulsion system is not needed, it is placed above the water surface to reduce the resistance of the water flow to the water movable body during movement. The water propulsion system can be installed at the head, tail, or side. When installed on the side, it can be used as a side thruster to assist the steering of the water movable device, etc. The water propeller can be an outboard motor, an inboard motor, a pod propeller, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0042] Referring to Figure 16, the propulsion system 602 includes a propeller 6021 and a battery module 100, and the battery module 100 is connected to the propeller 6021. The battery module 100 can supply power to the propeller 6021 so that the propeller 6021 outputs power. Among them, the number of propellers 6021 can be greater than or equal to 1, and the number of battery modules 100 can also be greater than or equal to 1. In some examples, the battery modules 100 can correspond one-to-one to the propellers 6021, and each propeller 6021 is powered by its corresponding battery module 100. In other examples, one propeller 6021 can also be powered by multiple battery modules 100. In some other examples, one battery module 100 can also supply power to multiple propellers 6021.

[0043] As shown in FIG1A , a battery module 100 may include multiple battery packs 101, which are connected in sequence. Referring to FIG1B , a battery pack 101 may include battery cells 1011 and a battery management system 1013, with the battery cells 1011 connected to the battery management system 1013. Alternatively, as shown in FIG1C , a battery module 100 may include battery cells 1011 and a battery management assembly 201. The battery management assembly 201 may include multiple battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence. The number of battery cells 1011 may correspond to the number of battery management systems 1013, with each battery management system 1013 connected to one battery cell 1011. In some embodiments, referring to FIG1D , the battery management assembly 201 may include a memory 2011, a processor 2012, and a computer program stored in the memory 2011 and executable on the processor 2012. If the battery management assembly 201 includes multiple battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, each battery management system 1013 in the battery management assembly 201 may include at least one processor 2012. The battery management systems 1013 in the battery management component 201 can share a memory 2011, or each battery management system 1013 in the battery management component 201 can include its own memory 2011. To facilitate fault location for each battery management system 1013, each battery management system 1013 can be addressed. When the processor 2012 executes a computer program running thereon, it can implement an addressing method for addressing the battery management system 1013.

[0044] The battery management system 1013 can manage and control the charging and discharging processes of the battery pack 101 or battery management assembly 201 in which it is located. For example, it can control the charging current and / or charging voltage of the battery cells 1011 in the battery pack 101 or battery management assembly 201, monitor the temperature of the battery pack 101 or battery management assembly 201, and generate fault alarms for the battery pack 101 or battery management assembly 201. Referring to FIG. 1E , the battery management system 1013 may include a memory 1013 a, a processor 1013 b, and a computer program stored in the memory 1013 a and executable by the processor 1013 b. When the processor 1013 b executes the computer program, it can implement an addressing method for addressing the battery management system 1013.

[0045] The addressing method of the present application is used to address each of N (N is a positive integer greater than 1) battery management systems 1013 (BMS) 1013 connected in sequence. After each battery management system 1013 is addressed, different battery management systems 1013 have different addresses.

[0046] The multiple battery management systems 1013 of the present application may include a master battery management system 1013 and a slave battery management system 1013. Through the coordination between the master and the slave, the addressing of each battery management system 1013 is achieved. The specific addressing method is described below with examples.

[0047] Each battery management system 1013 of the multiple battery management systems 1013 of the present application can be activated in response to an activation signal from a previous battery management system 1013. For example, the second battery management system 1013 among N battery management systems 1013 can be activated in response to an activation signal from the first battery management system 1013, the third battery management system 1013 among N battery management systems 1013 can be activated in response to an activation signal from the second battery management system 1013, and so on. The activation signal can be a voltage signal, a current signal, a pulse signal, or other type of signal.

[0048] The following is an example of an embodiment of the addressing method of the present application, with reference to FIG2 . In this embodiment, the addressing method is performed by a host battery management system 1013 among multiple battery management systems 1013 . The addressing method may include:

[0049] Step S11: When the current battery management system 1013 is the host, the battery management system 1013 preceding the target battery management system 1013 is controlled to activate the target battery management system 1013, where the target battery management system 1013 is an unaddressed battery management system 1013;

[0050] Step S12: Addressing the target battery management system 1013.

[0051] In this application, assuming that the unaddressed battery management system 1013 is the i-th (1<≤N) battery management system 1013 among N battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, the host can control the i-1-th battery management system 1013 to activate the i-th battery management system 1013. If the unaddressed battery management system 1013 is the first battery management system 1013 among N battery management systems 1013, the host can activate the first battery management system 1013 by itself.

[0052] In some embodiments, the master is the first battery management system 1013 among N battery management systems 1013, and the second through Nth battery management systems 1013 are slaves. If none of the battery management systems 1013 are addressed, the target battery management system 1013 includes each of the N battery management systems 1013. The master can address each battery management system 1013 in sequence. After powering on, the first battery management system 1013 determines that it is the master and addresses itself. After successfully addressing itself, the master activates the second battery management system 1013. After the second battery management system 1013 is activated, the master addresses the second battery management system 1013. After the second battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, the master activates the third battery management system 1013 through the second battery management system 1013, and so on, until all N battery management systems 1013 are successfully addressed.

[0053] Alternatively, the master can address only the slaves without addressing itself. Since the master sends master messages and the slaves send slave messages, the master and slaves can be distinguished based on the messages, eliminating the need for the master to address itself.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application. In other embodiments, the host may also be a battery management system 1013 other than the first battery management system 1013. For example, in the event of a failure of the first battery management system 1013, the second battery management system 1013 may be set as the host, and the third to Nth battery management systems 1013 may be set as slaves, and the second (or third) to Nth battery management systems 1013 may be addressed in sequence through the second battery management system 1013.

[0055] In some embodiments, the action of addressing the target battery management system 1013 can be performed when the battery management system 1013 is just powered on. The addressing at this time is the first addressing. For example, when a battery management system 1013 among the multiple battery management systems 1013 receives a user operation and is powered on, the action of addressing the battery management system 1013 and the remaining battery management systems 1013 connected to the battery management system 1013 begins.

[0056] In another embodiment, during the operation of multiple battery management systems 1013 after addressing is completed, the signal of a battery management system 1013 may be lost due to vibration, environmental problems, etc. In this case, the target battery management system 1013 is the battery management system 1013 that lost the signal. The host can address this battery management system 1013, and the addressing in this case is called re-addressing (re-addressing for short). Assuming that the slave with lost the signal is the i-th battery management system 1013, the host can activate the i-th battery management system 1013 through the i-1-th battery management system 1013, and after the i-th battery management system 1013 is activated, re-address the i-th battery management system 1013.

[0057] During the operation of multiple battery management systems 1013 after addressing is completed, each slave can send a feedback signal to the host, and the feedback signal can serve as the basis for the host to determine whether each slave is lost. If the host fails to receive the feedback signal sent by a slave, the host can determine that the slave signal is lost, thereby identifying the slave as the target battery management system 1013, and controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013 to re-address the target battery management system 1013. Monitoring the connection status of the slave based on the reception of the feedback signal can help the host to promptly detect the loss of the slave and make corresponding decisions, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the operation of multiple battery management systems 1013.

[0058] Regarding the type of feedback signal, the feedback signal can optionally be a heartbeat signal sent by the slave to the master at a preset frequency. Since the heartbeat signal is sent at a preset frequency, the master can promptly determine whether a slave is lost based on the reception of the heartbeat signal, which helps improve the efficiency of slave loss detection. Alternatively, the feedback signal can also be a response signal, which the slave responds to a polling signal sent by the master. It is understood that compared to solutions that use additional heartbeat signals for slave loss detection, the additional heartbeat signal may occupy the communication timing between the master and the slaves. For a large number of slaves, this may extend the polling cycle between the master and all slaves, reduce the master's polling frequency for all slaves, and hinder the master from timely acquiring slave data. Directly using response signals for slave loss detection, on the other hand, eliminates the need for additional communication processes and does not occupy the communication timing between the master and any slave. While meeting the requirements for slave loss detection, it can also ensure the polling frequency between the master and multiple slaves, thereby ensuring the master's timely acquisition of slave data. In one example of the present application, after multiple battery management systems 1013 are addressed, the type of feedback signal can be determined based on the number of slaves in the multiple battery management systems 1013. When the number reaches a set number, a response signal is selected as the feedback signal; when the number is less than the set number, a heartbeat signal is selected as the feedback signal. This improves the timeliness of slave loss monitoring when the number of slaves is small, and ensures the timeliness of slave data acquisition when the number of slaves is large.

[0059] When addressing the target battery management system 1013 (first addressing or re-addressing), the host may send the address of the target battery management system 1013 to the target battery management system 1013. The target battery management system 1013 may store an address field. After receiving the address sent by the host, the target battery management system 1013 may assign the address sent by the host to the address field of the local device, thereby setting its own address to the address sent by the host.

[0060] The address of the target battery management system 1013 can include numbers, letters, and / or symbols. The host can assign different addresses to different battery management systems 1013 to distinguish them. Optionally, the address of the target battery management system 1013 is determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system 1013 among multiple battery management systems 1013 that are connected in sequence. For example, if the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013 among N battery management systems 1013, the address of the target battery management system 1013 is N. It will be appreciated that if a battery management system 1013 is lost, the host can notify the user that the battery management system 1013 is lost and provide the user with the address of the lost target battery management system 1013. Because the address is related to the connection order of the lost battery management system 1013 among the multiple battery management systems 1013, the user can easily find the lost battery management system 1013 among the multiple battery management systems 1013. This greatly facilitates the user in identifying the lost battery management system 1013.

[0061] When the target battery management system 1013 is re-addressed, the re-addressed address of the target battery management system 1013 can be the original address of the target battery management system 1013. Continuing with the previous example, when the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013, the original address of the target battery management system 1013 is N, and the re-addressed address of the target battery management system 1013 is also N. It can be understood that when a battery management system 1013 among multiple battery management systems 1013 is lost, the lost battery management system 1013 is generally directly re-addressed without changing the connection order of the lost battery management system 1013 among the multiple battery management systems 1013. Therefore, the address of the lost battery management system 1013 can be set to the original address. On the one hand, it can avoid assigning a new address to the lost battery management system 1013, which may cause the new address to be duplicated with the address of other battery management systems 1013. On the other hand, it is also convenient for the host to manage the address. Furthermore, it is also convenient for users to distinguish where the lost battery management system 1013 is located among multiple battery management systems 1013.

[0062] In other examples, the re-addressed address of the target battery management system 1013 and the original address of the target battery management system 1013 can both be determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system 1013 among the multiple battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, but the re-addressed address and the original address may be different. For example, the address of the target battery management system 1013 may carry information about the number of times the target battery management system 1013 has been re-addressed. Still assuming that the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013, after the target battery management system 1013 is addressed for the xth time, the address of the target battery management system 1013 can be recorded as i_x. Wherein, if x=1, it means that the i-th battery management system 1013 is addressed for the first time; if x>1, it means that the i-th battery management system 1013 has been re-addressed x-1 times.

[0063] Through the above method, the number of times each battery management system 1013 is re-addressed can be recorded. If the number of times a battery management system 1013 is re-addressed exceeds a preset threshold, a prompt message can be output. This prompt message can include the address of the battery management system 1013 that has been re-addressed more than the preset threshold. If a battery management system 1013 is frequently re-addressed, it may be that the battery management system 1013 has loose wiring or other problems. Therefore, by outputting a prompt message, the user can be reminded to promptly address abnormal conditions such as loose wiring.

[0064] In some embodiments, after the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013, the previous battery management system 1013 returns an activation response signal to the host. The activation response signal may indicate that the previous battery management system 1013 successfully activated the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, addressing the target battery management system 1013 may include: upon receiving the activation response signal sent by the previous battery management system 1013, the host addresses the target battery management system 1013. The feedback of the activation response signal can facilitate the host to understand the activation status of the target battery management system 1013, thereby facilitating the host to perform subsequent addressing operations and ensuring the smooth implementation of the addressing process.

[0065] In some embodiments, the addressing method may further include: if the host does not receive the activation response signal, it may also return to the step of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013. In the event of an abnormal situation such as a poor communication signal, the host may fail to successfully receive the activation response signal. Some abnormal situations may last for a short time. Therefore, by repeatedly attempting to control the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013, the target battery management system 1013 can be successfully activated after the abnormal situation returns to normal, thereby improving the activation success rate of the target battery management system 1013.

[0066] Furthermore, a threshold value of the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 that controls the target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013 (referred to as a third preset number of times) can be pre-set. If the activation response signal is still not received when the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 that controls the target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013 reaches the third preset number, it means that the activation of the target battery management system 1013 has failed. At this time, the host can output a fault prompt so that the user can deal with the fault in time. The fault prompt can also include fault type information (for example, the fault code corresponding to the failure to activate the target battery management system 1013), the address of the battery management system 1013 that failed to be activated, etc., so that the user can find the battery management system 1013 that failed to be activated and troubleshoot the cause of the fault.

[0067] If an activation response signal is received before the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013 the number of times reaches the third preset number, the host can also reset the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013, so as to facilitate the accurate determination of the current activation times of the next target battery management system 1013 when addressing the next target battery management system 1013, thereby avoiding the problem that the next target battery management system 1013 cannot be activated multiple times after the first activation fails due to the activation times not being reset to zero, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the addressing process of the next target battery management system 1013.

[0068] After the target battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, the target battery management system 1013 may return an addressing response signal to the host. After the target battery management system 1013 is addressed, the addressing method may further include: upon receiving the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013, the host confirms that the target battery management system 1013 has been successfully addressed. Feedback of the addressing response signal allows the host to understand whether the target battery management system 1013 has been successfully addressed, thereby facilitating the host to perform subsequent operations.

[0069] If the host fails to receive the above-mentioned addressing response signal due to the target battery management system 1013 being offline or the communication link between the target battery management system 1013 and the host being abnormal, the addressing method may further include: retrying to address the target battery management system 1013. Since some abnormal situations last for a relatively short time, by attempting to address the target battery management system 1013 multiple times, the target battery management system 1013 can be successfully addressed after the abnormal situation returns to normal, thereby improving the addressing success rate. The maximum number of times the target battery management system 1013 is addressed can be pre-set (hereinafter referred to as the first preset number). The first preset number can be set according to actual needs, for example, to 3 times, 5 times, or 10 times. Optionally, the first preset number during the first addressing process can be less than the first preset number during the re-addressing process. For example, during the first addressing, the first preset number can be 3 times; while during the re-addressing, the first preset number can be 10 times. Setting a smaller first preset number during the first addressing can reduce the delay of the addressing process, so that each battery pack 101 can obtain the address as soon as possible; setting a larger first preset number during re-addressing can reduce the failure of re-addressing due to temporary abnormalities and improve the success rate of re-addressing.

[0070] The host can record the current number of times the target battery management system 1013 has been addressed in the host computer and start counting the number of times the target battery management system 1013 is addressed. If the host fails to receive an addressing response signal from the target battery management system 1013 before the timer times out, the host will increase the current number of times the target battery management system 1013 has been addressed by 1 and attempt to address the target battery management system 1013 again. By counting and setting a timeout, the host can promptly determine if the target battery management system 1013 has failed to send back a response signal and retry addressing the target battery management system 1013, thereby improving addressing efficiency.

[0071] In some embodiments, the addressing method may further include: if the number of times the target battery management system 1013 is addressed reaches a first preset number of times and no addressing response signal is received, it indicates that the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 has failed. At this time, the host can output a fault prompt so that the user can handle the fault in a timely manner. The fault prompt may also include fault type information (for example, a fault code corresponding to the failure of addressing the target battery management system 1013), the address of the battery management system 1013 that failed to address, etc., so that the user can find the battery management system 1013 that failed to address and troubleshoot the cause of the fault.

[0072] In some embodiments, the addressing method may further include: if an addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013 is received before the number of times the target battery management system 1013 is addressed reaches a first preset number, it indicates that the target battery management system 1013 has been successfully addressed, and the host may reset the number of times the target battery management system 1013 has been addressed. By resetting the number of times the target battery management system 1013 has been addressed, it is convenient to accurately determine the number of times the next target battery management system 1013 has been addressed when addressing the next target battery management system 1013, thereby avoiding the problem that the next target battery management system 1013 cannot be addressed multiple times after the first addressing fails due to the number of addresses not being reset, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the addressing process of the next target battery management system 1013.

[0073] In some embodiments, the addressing method may further include: after addressing the target battery management system 1013, the host controls the battery management system 1013 preceding the target battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. By controlling the preceding battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, the power consumption of the battery pack 101 in which the preceding battery management system 1013 is located due to the activation of the target battery management system 1013 can be reduced, thereby improving the balance of power among the battery packs 101 in which the respective battery management systems 1013 are located.

[0074] The host can control the previous battery management system 1013 to activate and deactivate the target battery management system 1013 by sending an activation instruction to the target battery management system 1013. Specifically, the host can send an activation control instruction to the previous battery management system 1013, and the previous battery management system 1013 can respond to the activation control instruction and activate the target battery management system 1013. The host can also send a deactivation control instruction to the previous battery management system 1013, and the previous battery management system 1013 can respond to the deactivation control instruction and deactivate the target battery management system 1013.

[0075] In one implementation, two adjacent battery management systems 1013 can be connected via a switch module, and the preceding battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 can be controlled to activate the target battery management system 1013, specifically including: the host controls the preceding battery management system 1013 to close the switch module between it and the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013. In this implementation, the instruction sent by the host to control the closure of the switch module (referred to as the closure instruction) is the activation control instruction. After the switch module is closed, the target battery management system 1013 can be powered and activated. In this embodiment, by setting up a switch module, the host can power and activate the target battery management system 1013 as long as it controls the switch module to be closed. Since the process from the closure of the switch module to the successful powering and activation of the target battery management system 1013 takes a short time, it can effectively improve the activation efficiency of the target battery management system 1013.

[0076] The host can also control the switch module to disconnect, so that the previous battery management system 1013 stops activating the target battery management system 1013. In this implementation, the instruction sent by the host to control the switch module to disconnect (referred to as the disconnect instruction) is the stop activation control instruction. The above embodiment only needs to set the switch module in hardware to realize the activation and stop activation of the previous battery management system 1013 and the target battery management system 1013. Since the cost of the switch module is relatively low, the hardware cost of the battery pack 101 can be effectively reduced. In addition, the host only needs to control the switch module to close or disconnect to realize the activation and stop activation of the target battery management system 1013, and the control logic is simple.

[0077] After the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, the previous battery management system 1013 may return a stop activation response signal to the host to indicate that it has stopped activating the target battery management system 1013. After controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, the addressing method may further include: if the host receives the stop activation response signal sent by the previous battery management system 1013, then confirming that the previous battery management system 1013 has successfully stopped activating the target battery management system 1013. By sending the stop activation response signal to the host by the previous battery management system 1013, it is convenient for the host to determine whether the target battery management system 1013 has been successfully stopped, and then it is convenient for the host to perform further actions based on the judgment result, for example, retrying to control the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, or outputting a fault prompt, to ensure the smooth progress of the addressing process.

[0078] In some embodiments, the addressing method may further include: if the host fails to receive the deactivation response signal, returning to the step of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to deactivate the target battery management system 1013, i.e., the host again attempts to control the previous battery management system 1013 to deactivate the target battery management system 1013. A maximum number of times the previous battery management system 1013 can be controlled to deactivate the target battery management system 1013 (hereinafter referred to as a second preset number) can be preset. The second preset number can be set to the same or different value as the first preset number based on actual needs. The host can record the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 has been controlled to deactivate the target battery management system 1013 and start a timer at the same time as the previous battery management system 1013 is controlled to deactivate the target battery management system 1013. If the host fails to receive the deactivation response signal before the timer expires, the host increments the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 has been controlled to deactivate the target battery management system 1013 by 1 and attempts to control the previous battery management system 1013 to deactivate the target battery management system 1013 again.

[0079] If the stop activation response signal is not received when the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 stops activating the target battery management system 1013 is controlled to reach the second preset number, it means that the previous battery management system 1013 fails to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, the addressing method may further include: if the stop activation response signal is not received when the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 stops activating the target battery management system 1013 is controlled to reach the second preset number, the host outputs a fault prompt so that the user can handle the fault in time. The fault prompt may also include fault type information (for example, the fault code corresponding to the failure of the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013), the address of the previous battery management system 1013, etc., so that the user can find the previous battery management system 1013 and troubleshoot the cause of the fault.

[0080] If a stop activation response signal is received before the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 stops activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches a second preset number, it indicates that the previous battery management system 1013 successfully stopped activating the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, the addressing method may further include: if a stop activation response signal is received before the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 stops activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number, the host clears the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 stops activating the target battery management system 1013. In this way, when addressing the next target battery management system 1013, it is possible to accurately determine the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 stops activating the next target battery management system 1013, thereby avoiding the problem of being unable to execute multiple stop activations after the previous battery management system 1013 fails to stop activating the first time due to the stop activation count not being cleared, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the addressing process.

[0081] After the target battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, the addressing method further includes: using the next battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 as the updated target battery management system 1013 and returning to step S11.

[0082] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the updated target battery management system 1013 fails to be successfully addressed, confirming that the original target battery management system 1013 is the last slave. For example, assuming that the original target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013, the updated target battery management system 1013 is the i+1-th battery management system 1013. If the i+1-th battery management system 1013 fails to be successfully addressed, the i-th battery management system 1013 can be confirmed as the last slave, thereby completing the current round of addressing.

[0083] In some embodiments, if the process of addressing the target battery management system 1013 is re-addressing the target battery management system 1013 rather than addressing it for the first time, the addressing method may further include: determining whether a feedback signal from the target battery management system 1013 is received.

[0084] Based on this, the step of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013 may specifically include: when no feedback signal is received, controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013.

[0085] During the re-addressing of the target battery management system 1013, the addressing method further includes the steps of updating the target battery management system 1013 and returning to the battery management system 1013 that controls the previous battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013. If the target battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the first slave may be used as the updated target battery management system 1013; otherwise, the battery management system 1013 that is next to the target battery management system 1013 may be used as the updated target battery management system 1013.

[0086] Specifically, if the target battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the host can determine whether it has received the feedback signal from the first slave. If it has not received the feedback signal from the first slave, it will update the first slave to the target battery management system 1013. If it has received the feedback signal from the first slave, it will continue to determine whether it has received the feedback signal from the second slave. This process continues until a slave is determined to have received no feedback signal and is determined as the target battery management system 1013.

[0087] Similarly, if the target battery management system 1013 is not the last slave, the host can determine whether it has received a feedback signal from the battery management system 1013 that is next to the target battery management system 1013 (i.e., the first battery management system 1013 after the target battery management system 1013). If no feedback signal is received from the next battery management system 1013, the next battery management system 1013 is updated to the target battery management system 1013. If a feedback signal is received from the next battery management system 1013, the host continues to determine whether a feedback signal is received from the second battery management system 1013 after the target battery management system 1013. This process continues in this manner until a slave that has not received a feedback signal is determined and is designated as the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, if the host receives a feedback signal from a slave, it can directly determine that the slave has been successfully addressed. Therefore, there is no need to address the slave again. Instead, the host can directly determine whether the next slave has been successfully addressed, thereby improving addressing efficiency.

[0088] Another embodiment of the addressing method of the present application is described below with reference to FIG3 . In this embodiment, the addressing method is performed by a battery management system 1013 as a slave among the multiple battery management systems 1013 . The addressing method may include:

[0089] Step S21: When the battery management system 1013 is a slave, receiving an activation control signal sent by the host;

[0090] Step S22 : activating the target battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control signal, where the target battery management system 1013 is the next battery management system 1013 of the current battery management system 1013 .

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, each of the multiple battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence can activate the next battery management system 1013 as the target battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control signal of the host, so that after the target battery management system 1013 is successfully activated, the host addresses the target battery management system 1013. In this way, there is no need to burn the address of each battery pack 101 in sequence, which greatly improves the efficiency of address allocation for the battery pack 101.

[0092] The solution of this embodiment is described below by taking the target battery management system 1013 as the i-th (1<i≤N) battery management system 1013 among the N battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, and the current battery management system 1013 as the i-1-th battery management system 1013 among the N battery management systems 1013 as an example.

[0093] Assuming that the (i-1)th battery management system 1013 serves as a slave, the (i-1)th battery management system 1013 may receive an activation control signal sent by the host and activate the (i)th battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control signal. The host may send an activation control signal to the (i-1)th battery management system 1013 when the (i)th battery management system 1013 is not addressed.

[0094] In some embodiments, the addressing method may further include: after the i-1th battery management system 1013 receives the activation control signal, it sends a response signal of the activation control signal (i.e., the activation response signal in the aforementioned embodiment) to the host to notify the host that the activation control signal has been successfully received. The feedback of the activation response signal can facilitate the host to understand the activation status of the target battery management system 1013, thereby facilitating the host to perform subsequent addressing operations and ensure the smooth progress of the addressing process. The operation of sending the response signal of the activation control signal and the operation of activating the i-th battery management system 1013 can be performed asynchronously, and this application does not limit the execution order of the above two operations.

[0095] After the i-th battery management system 1013 is activated, the host can address the i-th battery management system 1013. After addressing the i-th battery management system 1013, the host can also send a deactivation control signal to the i-1th battery management system 1013. In some embodiments, the addressing method can further include: the i-1th battery management system 1013 receives the deactivation control signal and deactivates the i-th battery management system 1013 in response to the deactivation control signal. Deactivating the i-th battery management system 1013 under the control of the host can reduce the power consumed by the battery pack 101 in which the i-1th battery management system is located due to the activation of the i-th battery management system 1013, thereby improving the balance of power among the battery packs 101 in which the various battery management systems 1013 are located.

[0096] In some embodiments, the addressing method may further include: after the i-1th battery management system 1013 stops activating the i-th battery management system 1013, sending a response signal to the stop activation control signal (i.e., the stop activation response signal in the aforementioned embodiment) to the host to notify the host that the i-th battery management system 1013 has been stopped. By sending the stop activation response signal to the host, the i-1th battery management system 1013 facilitates the host to determine whether the target battery management system 1013 has been successfully stopped, and further facilitates the host to perform further actions based on the judgment result, for example, retrying to control the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, or outputting a fault prompt, to ensure the smooth progress of the addressing process.

[0097] In addition, the i-1th battery management system 1013 can also be addressed by the host. Specifically, the host can control the i-2th battery management system 1013 to activate the i-1th battery management system 1013, and after the i-1th battery management system 1013 is activated, send an addressing signal to the i-1th battery management system 1013. The addressing signal can carry the address of the i-1th battery management system 1013. After the i-1th battery management system 1013 receives the addressing signal, it can set the address carried in the addressing signal as the address of the local machine. The method of controlling the i-2th battery management system 1013 to activate the i-1th battery management system 1013 is similar to the method of controlling the i-1th battery management system 1013 to activate the i-th battery management system 1013, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] Furthermore, the addressing method may further include: after receiving the addressing signal sent by the host, the (i-1)th battery management system 1013 sends an addressing response signal to the host to notify the host that the (i-1)th battery management system 1013 has been successfully addressed. The (i-1)th battery management system 1013 feeds back the addressing response signal to the host, which can facilitate the host to understand whether the (i-1)th battery management system 1013 has been successfully addressed, thereby facilitating the host to perform subsequent operations.

[0099] If the i-1th battery management system 1013 does not receive the addressing signal sent by the host after it is powered on, the i-1th battery management system 1013 can also control the battery management system 1013 to power off. Due to the failure of the battery management system 1013 before the i-1th battery management system 1013 to address, or wiring errors and other reasons, the i-1th battery management system 1013 may not be able to be addressed normally. This situation is called the i-1th battery management system 1013 being in single-box mode. In single-box mode, the addressing method can also include: if the i-1th battery management system 1013 does not receive the addressing signal sent by the host after the battery management system 1013 is powered on, the i-1th battery management system 1013 controls the battery management system 1013 to power off, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery pack 101 where the i-1th battery management system 1013 is located.

[0100] Referring to FIG4 , the present application also provides an addressing method. The addressing method is applied to the battery management component 201. The battery management component 201 includes multiple battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, each of which can be activated in response to an activation signal from a previous battery management system 1013. The addressing method includes:

[0101] Step S31: the master in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 sends an activation control signal to the slaves in the plurality of battery management systems 1013;

[0102] Step S32: the slave device activates the next battery management system 1013 of the slave device in response to the activation control signal;

[0103] Step S33: The host addresses the next battery management system 1013 .

[0104] In some embodiments, after a host among multiple battery management systems 1013 sends an activation control signal to a slave among multiple battery management systems 1013, the addressing method further includes: the slave sends an activation response signal to the host for the activation control signal; the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, including: if the host receives the activation response signal sent by the slave, addressing the next battery management system 1013.

[0105] In some embodiments, after the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, the addressing method further includes: the slave sends an addressing response signal to the host; the host receives the addressing response signal fed back by the next battery management system 1013, confirming that the addressing of the next battery management system 1013 is successful.

[0106] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the host does not receive the addressing response signal fed back by the next battery management system 1013 , returning to the host to address the next battery management system 1013 .

[0107] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the host still does not receive an addressing response signal when the number of times the host addresses the next battery management system 1013 reaches a first preset number, the host outputs a fault prompt.

[0108] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the host receives an addressing response signal before the number of times the next battery management system 1013 is addressed reaches a first preset number, the host clears the number of times the next battery management system 1013 is addressed.

[0109] In some embodiments, after the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, the addressing method also includes: the host sends a stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013; the slave stops activating the next battery management system 1013 in response to the stop activation control signal sent by the host.

[0110] In some embodiments, after the host sends a stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013, the addressing method also includes: the slave sends a stop activation response signal to the host for the stop activation control signal; the host receives the stop activation response signal sent by the slave, confirming that the slave has successfully stopped activating the next battery management system 1013.

[0111] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the host does not receive the stop activation response signal, returning the step of the host sending an activation control signal to the slaves in the plurality of battery management systems 1013 .

[0112] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: outputting a fault prompt if the host does not receive a stop activation response signal when the number of times the host sends a stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013 reaches a second preset number.

[0113] In some embodiments, the addressing method also includes: if the host receives a stop activation response signal before the number of times the host sends a stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013 reaches a second preset number, the host will clear the number of times the host sends a stop activation control signal to the slave to stop activating the next battery management system 1013 to zero.

[0114] In some embodiments, the addressing method also includes: after the host successfully addresses the next battery management system 1013, the next battery management system 1013 of the next battery management system 1013 is used as the updated next battery management system 1013, and the host is returned to the step of sending an activation control signal to the slaves in the multiple battery management systems 1013.

[0115] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the updated next battery management system 1013 fails to be successfully addressed, the host confirms that the original next battery management system 1013 is the last slave.

[0116] In some embodiments, the address of the next battery management system 1013 is determined based on the connection order of the next battery management system 1013 among the multiple battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence.

[0117] In some embodiments, the addressing method also includes: the host determines whether it has received a feedback signal from the next battery management system 1013, and the feedback signal serves as the basis for the host to determine whether the next battery management system 1013 is lost; the host sends an activation control signal to the slaves in multiple battery management systems 1013, including: when the host does not receive a feedback signal, the host sends an activation control signal to the slaves in multiple battery management systems 1013; the host addresses the next battery management system 1013, including: the host re-addresses the next battery management system 1013.

[0118] In some embodiments, the re-addressed address of the next battery management system 1013 is the original address of the next battery management system 1013 .

[0119] In some embodiments, the addressing method also includes: the host updates the next battery management system 1013, and returns to the host to send an activation control signal to the slaves in multiple battery management systems 1013; wherein, if the next battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the host uses the first slave as the updated next battery management system 1013, otherwise the host uses the next battery management system 1013 of the next battery management system 1013 as the updated next battery management system 1013.

[0120] In some embodiments, a switch module is connected between two adjacent battery management systems 1013 among multiple battery management systems 1013, and the host sends an activation control signal to a slave among the multiple battery management systems 1013, including: the host sends a closing instruction to the slave to control the slave to close the switch module between it and the next battery management system 1013, and the next battery management system 1013 is activated when the switch module is closed.

[0121] In some embodiments, the addressing method further includes: if the slave does not receive the addressing signal sent by the host after being powered on, the slave controls the battery management system 1013 to power off.

[0122] The next battery management system 1013 of the slave in this method embodiment may be the target battery management system 1013 in the aforementioned embodiment, and the slave in this method embodiment may be the battery management system 1013 preceding the target battery management system 1013 in the aforementioned embodiment. The specific implementation details of the steps executed by the host and the steps executed by the slave in this embodiment can be referred to the embodiment shown in FIG1 and the embodiment shown in FIG2 , respectively, and will not be repeated here.

[0123] The various battery management systems 1013 in this application can be used in parallel, and any battery management system 1013 can serve as both a master and a slave. The software and hardware configurations of all battery management systems 1013 can be completely consistent. In some embodiments, interactive components can be configured on the battery pack 101 where each battery management system 1013 is located. If the user operates the interactive component on a battery pack 101, the battery management system 1013 in the interactive component can determine that this machine is the master; the battery management system 1013 in the battery pack 101 that the user has not operated is the slave. After determining the master and slave, addressing can be performed according to the method in the aforementioned embodiment. The following examples illustrate the structure of the battery pack 101 and the specific method of determining the master and slave.

[0124] 5 to 12 , the present application provides a battery pack 101 . The battery pack 101 is applied to a battery module 100 including a plurality of battery packs 101 connected in sequence. The battery pack 101 includes a battery cell 1011 , a battery management system 1013 , and a first switch unit 1012 .

[0125] The battery management system 1013 includes a first input terminal In1, a second input terminal In2, and an output terminal Out. The first input terminal In1 and the second input terminal In2 are connected to one end of the first switch unit 1012, the other end of which is connected to the battery cell 1011. The output terminal Out is used to connect to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 connected to the battery pack 101. The first input terminal In1 of the battery pack 101 is used to transmit a power supply signal when the first switch unit 1012 is closed, thereby powering the battery management system 1013. The second input terminal In2 is used to transmit a control signal when the first switch unit 1012 is closed by the user, thereby instructing the battery management system 1013 to set the device as the host.

[0126] Each battery pack 101 in the battery module 100 of the present application can be used alone or together with at least one other battery pack 101. The following mainly illustrates an embodiment in which multiple battery packs 101 are used together. In this case, the battery module 100 may include N (N is a positive integer greater than 1) battery packs 101 connected in sequence. Each battery pack 101 may be a battery pack 101 with the same configuration, specifically, the same software configuration, the same hardware configuration, the same appearance and / or the same wiring method. In this way, when the user connects multiple battery packs 101, there is no need to distinguish between the master and slave machines, which improves the user's operational convenience. For the manufacturer of the battery pack 101, there is no need to distinguish between the multiple battery packs 101, which facilitates the production, manufacturing and sales of the merchant.

[0127] The battery cells 1011 can store and release electrical energy. They power the power-consuming components in the battery pack 101, including the battery management system 1013, as well as other components such as indicator lights and a buzzer. The indicator lights can indicate the status of the battery pack 101, such as charging, complete charging, fault status, and low battery. The buzzer can output an alarm when the battery pack 101 is in an abnormal state.

[0128] The battery cell 1011 can be connected to the battery management system 1013 via a first switch unit 1012. The first switch unit 1012 can control the opening and closing of the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013. When the first switch unit 1012 is open, the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 is disconnected, and the battery cell 1011 stops supplying power to the battery management system 1013. When the first switch unit 1012 is closed, the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 is connected, and the battery cell 1011 supplies power to the battery management system 1013. The first switch unit 1012 can be closed in response to a user's closing operation. For example, the first switch unit 1012 can include an interactive component such as a physical button, a slider, a rotary component, or a voice control component. Accordingly, the closing operation can be pressing a physical button, dragging a slider, rotating a rotary component, or emitting a voice signal.

[0129] The battery management system 1013 is used to monitor, control and protect the battery pack 101. The battery management system 1013 may include a first input terminal In1 and a second input terminal In2. When the first switch unit 1012 is closed, the battery cell 1011 can output a power supply signal to the first input terminal In1, and the first input terminal In1 transmits the power supply signal to the battery management system 1013, so that the battery management system 1013 is powered. When the first switch unit 1012 receives a closing operation from the user and is closed, the battery cell 1011 can output a control signal to the second input terminal In2, and the second input terminal In2 transmits the control signal to the battery management system 1013, so that the battery management system 1013 sets the device as the host. Both the power supply signal and the control signal can be voltage signals, and the voltage of the control signal can be the same as or different from the voltage of the power supply signal.

[0130] Referring to Figure 9 , the battery management system 1013 may also include an output terminal Out for connecting to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 connected to the battery pack 101 in which the battery management system 1013 resides. If the battery pack 101 in which the battery management system 1013 resides is the last of a plurality of sequentially connected battery packs 101, the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the last battery pack 101 does not need to be connected to any other ports. A battery pack 101 can output a power supply signal through the output terminal Out of its battery management system 1013 to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101, thereby powering the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101.

[0131] Alternatively, referring to Figures 6 and 8, the battery pack 101 further includes a second switch unit 1015 (i.e., the switch module in the aforementioned embodiment). One end of the second switch unit 1015 is connected to one end of the first switch unit 1012 of the next battery pack 101 that is connected to the battery cell 1011, and the other end of the second switch unit 1015 is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101. Specifically, the second switch unit 1015 is connected to one end of the first switch unit 1012 that is connected to the first input terminal In1, thereby accessing the first input terminal In1. The second switch unit 1015 can be a device with a switching function such as a relay. The second switch unit 1015 can also include an enable end, and the enable end of the second switch unit 1015 is connected to the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 where the second switch unit 1015 is located, so that the second switch unit 1015 can be controlled to be opened or closed by the battery management system 1013. Specifically, after receiving power, the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 where the second switch unit 1015 is located can control the second switch unit 1015 to close. After the second switch unit 1015 is closed, the switch element 1012a of the next battery pack 101 is short-circuited, so that the battery cells 1011 of the next battery pack 101 can supply power to the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101, so that the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 is powered.

[0132] If the second input terminal In2 of the battery management system 1013 in a battery pack 101 fails to receive the control signal transmitted when the first switch unit 1012 of the battery pack 101 receives a user's closing operation and closes, the battery management system 1013 sets the local device as a slave. For example, the battery management system 1013 may start timing when power is supplied. If the timing reaches a preset time threshold and the second input terminal In2 of the battery management system 1013 still fails to receive the control signal, the battery management system 1013 sets the local device as a slave.

[0133] When multiple battery packs 101 are operating, the user can control the power supply of the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 by closing the battery management system 1013 and set the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 as the master. The battery management system 1013 of the i+1-th battery pack 101 is then powered through the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101. The battery management system 1013 of the i+1-th battery pack 101 is then powered through the output terminal Out of the battery management system 1013 of the i+1-th battery pack 101, and so on. As a result, the battery management systems 1013 in the i-th battery pack 101 to the N-th battery pack 101 are powered in sequence and begin to operate. Because the battery management systems 1013 in the (i+1)th through (N)th battery packs 101 failed to receive the control signal, the battery management systems 1013 in the (i+1)th through (N)th battery packs 101 are all configured as slaves. This allows the user to power on multiple battery packs 101 with one click by operating the first switch unit 1012 in the master battery pack 101, improving power-on efficiency and shortening power-on determination time. Furthermore, the master and slave devices can be accurately distinguished based on whether the user has operated the first switch unit 1012, reducing conflicts between the master and slave devices.

[0134] In actual applications, the battery pack 101 in which the host is located is the first battery pack 101 among the multiple battery packs 101. However, the present application is not limited thereto. In the event of a failure of the first battery pack 101, the user can also operate the first switch unit 1012 in another battery pack 101 as needed to set the battery management system 1013 in the other battery pack 101 as the host.

[0135] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 6, 7, and 8, the first switch unit 1012 includes a double-pole switch 1012b, which includes a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit. One end of the first switch circuit is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013, and the other end is connected to the battery cell 1011. The first switch circuit is used to convert the electrical energy output by the battery cell 1011 into a power supply signal and transmit it to the first input terminal In1, thereby powering the battery management system 1013. The first switch circuit can also be referred to as a power supply circuit. One end of the second switch circuit is connected to the second input terminal In2 of the battery management system 1013, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013. Specifically, the second switch circuit is connected to the end of the first switch circuit connected to the first input terminal In1, and is then connected to the first input terminal In1. In other words, the electrical energy output by the battery cell 1011 is divided into two paths: one path is transmitted to the first input terminal In1 through the first switch circuit, and the other path is transmitted to the second input terminal In2 through the second switch circuit. The second switch circuit is used to convert the electrical energy output by the battery cell 1011 into a control signal when the first switch unit 1012 receives a user's closing operation and is closed. This signal is then transmitted to the second input terminal In2, causing the battery management system 1013 to set the device as the host. The second switch circuit can also be called a control circuit. In this embodiment, the transmission of power signals and control signals is achieved through a double-pole switch 1012b, which gives the battery pack 101 the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0136] Continuing with Figures 6, 7, and 8, the battery pack 101 may further include a voltage conversion unit 1014, which is connected between the battery management system 1013 and the double-pole switch 1012b and is configured to convert the output voltage of the battery cell 1011. When the battery pack 101 includes the voltage conversion unit 1014, the end of the first switch loop connected to the first input terminal In1 is connected to the first input terminal In1 via the voltage conversion unit 1014, and the end of the second switch loop connected to the first input terminal In1 is also connected to the end of the voltage conversion unit 1014 connected to the first input terminal In1.

[0137] To meet the power requirements of electrical devices, the voltage output by battery cell 1011 is often relatively high. By adding a voltage conversion unit 1014 to the battery pack 101, the voltage output by battery cell 1011 can be converted to a suitable operating voltage for the battery management system 1013, preventing damage to the battery management system 1013 due to excessive input voltage. Furthermore, when the output voltage of battery cell 1011 changes, voltage conversion unit 1014 can convert the output voltage of battery cell 1011 to a fixed voltage, thereby ensuring the stability of the power supply and control signals input to the battery management system 1013. Optionally, voltage conversion unit 1014 can be a direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) converter.

[0138] In some embodiments, the first switch unit 1012 is a self-resetting switch. After the first switch unit 1012 is closed in response to a user's closing operation, the first switch unit 1012 can automatically return to the open state. In the case where the first switch unit 1012 is a self-resetting switch, the first switch unit 1012 may also include a switching element 1012a. One end of the switching element 1012a is connected to the battery cell 1011, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal In1. After the first switch unit 1012 receives the user's closing operation and closes, the battery management system 1013 is powered. Thereafter, the battery management system 1013 can control the switching element 1012a to close, so that the battery cell 1011 can continue to output a power supply signal to the battery management system 1013 through the closed switching element 1012a, thereby maintaining the battery management system 1013 in an operating state. Optionally, the switching element 1012a is a relay.

[0139] When power is no longer needed for the battery management system 1013, the switch element 1012a can be controlled to be disconnected to disconnect the power supply circuit from the battery cell 1011 to the battery management system 1013, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery cell 1011 by the battery management system 1013. Furthermore, if the battery pack 101 includes a voltage conversion unit 1014, one end of the switch element 1012a is connected to the battery cell 1011, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal In1 through the voltage conversion unit 1014. In this way, when the switch element 1012a is disconnected, the battery cell 1011 can stop supplying power to the voltage conversion unit 1014 and the battery management system 1013, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery cell 1011 by the voltage conversion unit 1014 and the battery management system 1013.

[0140] 6 and 8 , in an embodiment where a battery pack 101 includes a second switch unit 1015 and a first switch unit 1012 includes a switch element 1012a, after the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 receives power, the battery management system 1013 within the battery pack 101 where the second switch unit 1015 resides can control the second switch unit 1015 of the current battery pack 101 to open. Furthermore, the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 can control the switch element 1012a of the next battery pack 101 to close. After the switch element 1012a of the next battery pack 101 closes, the circuit between the battery cells 1011 of the current battery pack 101 and the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 is connected, allowing the battery cells 1011 of the current battery pack 101 to supply power to the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101. Therefore, this embodiment controls the second switch unit 1015 to disconnect, so that the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 is powered only by the battery cells 1011 of the next battery pack 101, avoiding the situation where one battery pack 101 supplies power to the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 for a long time, thereby improving the balance of power between the battery packs 101.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 9 , the battery management system 1013 further includes an external signal input terminal In3 connected to an external power source. The external signal input terminal In3 can be used to transmit the electrical signal output by the external power source, so that the battery management system 1013 sets the device as the master. If the battery management system 1013 fails to obtain the electrical signal output by the external power source through the external signal input terminal In3, the battery management system 1013 sets the device as the slave. The external signal input terminal In3 may include a third input terminal In31 for connecting to an external battery 200 and / or a fourth input terminal In32 for connecting to an external charging device 300. By providing the external signal input terminal In3, in addition to manually operating the first switch unit 1012 by the user, the master and slave devices can also be set by powering the device with an external power source, making the master and slave device settings more flexible.

[0142] The overall process of this application is described below with reference to a specific circuit diagram.

[0143] As shown in Figures 10, 11, 12, and 13, each battery pack 101 has a double-pole resettable switch (i.e., first switch unit 1012). When a user presses the double-pole resettable switch, it short-circuits the latching relay (i.e., switch element 1012a), turning on the first switch circuit (shown by the short dashed line in Figure 10). The DC-DC converter receives battery power and outputs a 12V or 24V power signal to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 (shown as the ON port in Figure 10), thereby energizing the battery management system 1013. The battery management system 1013 can also control the start-stop relay (i.e., second switch unit 1015) to close, shorting the latching relay of the next battery pack 101, thereby turning on the first switch circuit of the next battery pack 101 and energizing the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101. As shown in Figure 13, the host controls the start-stop relay of the battery pack containing the host to close, thereby turning on Ignition 1 and Ignition 2 below the host, and further turning on Ignition 1 and Ignition 2 above slave 1. After Ignition 1 and Ignition 2 above slave 1 are turned on, the self-latching relay of slave 1 is short-circuited, the first switch circuit of slave 1 is turned on, and the battery management system 1013 of slave 1 is powered. Similar to the operation of the host, after the battery management system 1013 of slave 1 is powered, slave 1 controls the start-stop relay of the battery pack 101 containing slave 1 to close, thereby short-circuiting the self-latching relay of the battery pack containing slave 2, turning on the first switch circuit of slave 2, and powering the battery management system 1013 of slave 2. As a result, the user only needs to operate the host to power it, and the remaining slaves can be powered on by the control of the previous battery pack 101, thus realizing the one-touch power-on function for multiple battery packs 101, greatly facilitating user operation.

[0144] Whether the battery management system 1013 is acting as a host or a slave, after being powered on, the battery management system 1013 will output a hold signal to the latching relay, causing the latching relay to close and remain in the closed state. In this way, when the double-pole resettable switch is disconnected, the circuit containing the latching relay is connected, and the DC-DC converter can continue to obtain power from the battery cell 1011, so that the battery management system 1013 remains in the powered-on state. When the user presses the double-pole resettable switch, the second switch circuit (shown by the long dashed line in Figure 10) is also connected, and the 12V or 24V control signal output by the DC-DC converter is given to the second input terminal In2 (i.e., the PWM signal detection port) of the battery management system 1013. Within 3 seconds of being powered on, the battery management system 1013 detects the 12V or 24V control signal and sets itself as the host. For the battery management system 1013 whose double-pole resettable switch is not pressed, its PWM signal detection port fails to detect the 12V or 24V control signal. Therefore, this part of the battery management system 1013 sets itself as a slave.

[0145] As shown in Figures 10 and 11, each battery pack 101 also has an external 12V power supply 12V-C detection port (i.e., external signal input terminal In3). When the battery pack 101 is used for a propeller 6021, such as an outboard motor, the outboard motor is equipped with a 12V battery 200, which is mainly used to power the outboard motor's ECU, tilting motor, steering motor and other electrical equipment. When the outboard motor is connected to the battery pack 101 and the outboard motor is powered on, the outboard motor will output the 12V-C signal provided by the battery 200 to the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto, so that the battery management system 1013 is powered. After the battery management system 1013 is powered on, it detects that there is a 12V signal input at the 12V-C detection port in the figure and sets itself as the host. As for the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 that is not directly connected to the outboard motor, its 12V-C detection port does not detect a 12V signal, so this part of the battery management system 1013 sets itself as a slave.

[0146] As shown in Figures 10 and 12, during charging, the battery pack 101 can be charged without operating the first switch unit 1012. The charger (i.e., the charging device 300 in the aforementioned embodiment) only supplies power and communicates with the battery pack 101 directly connected to it (hereinafter referred to as the directly connected battery pack 101). When the charger is plugged in, the charger outputs an auxiliary 12V power supply to the battery pack 101 directly connected to it. The battery pack 101 is powered on and the CHG_P+ detection port (i.e., the external signal input terminal In3) of the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 detects the auxiliary charging 12V power supply and sets itself as the master. For the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 that is not directly connected to the charger, its CHG_P+ detection port does not detect the 12V signal. Therefore, this part of the battery management system 1013 sets itself as a slave. By setting multiple master-slave identification methods, it can be applied to different application scenarios and improve the flexibility of the solution. For example, in a charging scenario, the master and slave devices can be determined by the input signal of the third input terminal In31; during the power-on process of each battery management system 1013, the master and slave devices can be determined by the input signal of the second input terminal In2.

[0147] This implements the power-on work of multiple battery packs 101 connected in sequence and the master-slave setting process. After the host and slave are set up, the host can send a host message, and the slave can send a slave message. The number of hosts can be determined based on the number of battery management systems 1013 that send host messages. If the number of hosts is greater than 1 (for example, the user presses the first switch unit 1012 in multiple battery packs 101), a fault prompt can be output. In addition, the battery pack 101 can also output a high-voltage signal to an external power-consuming device (such as a thruster 6021). If high voltage has not been applied when the fault prompt is output, high voltage is not allowed (i.e., the battery pack 101 is prohibited from outputting a high-voltage signal); if high voltage has been applied at this time, the host sends a high-voltage instruction to the host and all slaves to cause all battery packs 101 to reduce high voltage (i.e., stop outputting high-voltage signals).

[0148] In some embodiments, after powering on, if the battery management system 1013 in the host detects a power-off signal, it can also disconnect the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 in which the host is located and the host, thereby powering off the host. Referring to Figures 5 to 9, the power-off signal can be generated by the user operating the first switch unit 1012 in the host, or generated after charging is completed, or sent by the power-consuming device. Specifically, the battery management system 1013 in the host can disconnect the switch element 1012a in the host, thereby disconnecting the line between the battery cell 1011 of the host and the battery management system 1013 of the host.

[0149] For example, considering that the host plays a role in unified management of each slave, after powering on, if the host detects a power-off signal, it can first send a shutdown command to all slaves, so that each slave disconnects the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the slave is located and the slave, and then disconnects the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the host is located and the host, thereby allowing multiple battery packs 101 to be powered off with one click, which is beneficial to improving power-off efficiency. Specifically, each slave can disconnect the switch element 1012a of the battery pack 101 where the slave is located, thereby disconnecting the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the slave is located and the slave.

[0150] For example, the user can operate the first switch unit 1012 of the battery pack 101 where the host is located so that the host receives a power-off signal. Since the first switch unit 1012 can both power on and power off the battery pack 101, in order to prevent the user from long-pressing the first switch unit 1012 and causing the battery pack 101 to mistakenly regard the power-on signal as a power-off signal, the host controls the host and all slaves to power off if a power-off signal is detected after the first time period from power-on. This embodiment determines whether a power-off signal is detected after a period of time after power-on to ensure the accuracy of power-off. It is understandable that the first time period can be specifically set according to the actual application scenario, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. For example, the first time period can be 10s or 20s.

[0151] Exemplarily, the power-off signal is an input signal received by the host from its second input terminal In2. When the host is in operation, the user can operate the first switch unit 1012 to close it. When the host is in operation and the first switch unit 1012 is closed by the user, the battery cell 1011 can output a control signal to the second input terminal In2, which transmits the control signal to the battery management system 1013, causing the battery management system 1013 to power off.

[0152] For example, in order to ensure that the slave can receive the shutdown command sent by the host, the host can send a shutdown command to all slaves every second time period after detecting the power-off signal, and after sending the preset number of shutdown commands, disconnect the line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 where the slave is located and the slave. This embodiment sends the shutdown command multiple times to ensure that the slave can receive the shutdown command and perform the power-off operation according to the shutdown command to ensure the accuracy of the power-off. It can be understood that the second time period and the preset number of times can be specifically set according to the actual application scenario, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. For example, the second time period can be 200ms or 250ms; the preset number of times can be 3 times or 5 times, etc.

[0153] In addition, referring to Figures 9, 10, and 13, after the user manually presses the double-pole resettable switch, the host's battery management system 1013 is energized, and the host closes the start-stop relay of its battery pack 101, causing the latching relay of the next battery pack 101 to be short-circuited by the ignition 1 and ignition 2 terminals below the host. Slave 1's first input terminal In1 is energized, activating slave 1. After slave 1 is activated, the host addresses slave 1. After successfully addressing slave 1, the host disconnects the start-stop relay of its battery pack 101 to deactivate slave 1. Slave 1 then closes the start-stop relay of its battery pack 101, causing the latching relay of the next battery pack 101 to be short-circuited by the ignition 1 and ignition 2 terminals below slave 1. Slave 2's first input terminal In1 is energized, activating slave 1. After slave 2 is activated, the host addresses slave 2. And so on.

[0154] 1, 5 to 13 and the control flow of FIG14 and 15, the processes of initial addressing and re-addressing are respectively described.

[0155] Figure 14 shows the process of the first addressing of the battery management system 1013. Multiple battery management systems 1013 are connected sequentially, with the 0th slave being the master, the 1st slave being the battery directly connected to the master, the 2nd slave being the battery directly connected to the 1st slave, and so on.

[0156] For the host:

[0157] First, the battery management system 1013 is powered on (step S41). The battery management system 1013 determines whether a power-on signal (e.g., a control signal transmitted by the user after closing the first switch unit 1012, or an electrical signal output by an external power supply via the external signal input terminal In3) is received within a preset time period (e.g., 3 seconds) after power-on (step S42). If so, the battery management system 1013 sets the device as the host, enters host mode, and sets K = 0 (step S43).

[0158] The host activates the K+1th slave through the Kth slave and addresses the K+1th slave. The specific process is as follows: the host sends an activation control signal to the Kth slave. The activation control signal can be a message that controls the start-stop relay of the Kth slave to close, so that the start-stop relay of the Kth slave closes and activates the K+1th slave (step S44). Then, the host sends an addressing signal for the K+1th slave to the K+1th slave. The addressing signal can be an addressing message (step S45). The host determines whether it has received an addressing response signal (also called an addressing reply signal) sent by the K+1th slave (step S46). The addressing reply signal can be a reply message.

[0159] If the addressing response signal is received, it means that the addressing of the K+1th slave is completed. If not, it is determined whether the number of times the addressing message has been sent reaches a preset number (for example, 3 times) (step S47). If not, it returns to step S44, and then the host sends the addressing message of the K+1th slave to the K+1th slave for the second time. Subsequently, the host again determines whether it has received the addressing response signal sent by the K+1th slave. If it has, it means that the addressing of the K+1th slave is completed. If not, the host sends the addressing message of the K+1th slave to the K+1th slave for the third time, and determines for the third time whether the response addressing message (i.e., the addressing response signal) from the K+1th slave is received. If it has, it means that the addressing of the K+1th slave is completed. If not, the process ends (step S53). After addressing is completed, the host sends a message to disconnect the start-stop relay to the Kth slave to disconnect the start-stop relay of the Kth slave, and the K+1th slave is powered by its own internal DC-DC converter (step S48).

[0160] The host determines whether it has received the response message of the K-th slave (i.e., the stop activation response signal in the aforementioned embodiment) (step S49). If so, the number of slaves K is set to K+1 (step S51), and the number of message retransmissions is cleared to zero (step S52), and then the host continues to address the next slave. If the judgment result of step S49 is no, it is determined whether the number of retransmissions of the response message has reached a preset number (for example, 3 times) (step S50). If not, the host continues to send the disconnection start-stop relay message to the K-th slave until the start-stop relay disconnection response message of the K-th slave is received, or when the number of times the start-stop relay disconnection response message of the K-th slave has reached 3 times, the process ends (step S53).

[0161] For slaves:

[0162] If the battery management system 1013 does not receive a power-on signal within a preset period of time (e.g., 3 seconds) after power-on, it enters slave mode (step S54) and determines whether it has received a master-addressed message (step S55). If not, it enters single-box mode (step S56). If so, it obtains its own address and sends a response-addressed message to the master (step S57).

[0163] After the slave addressing is completed, the slave needs to assist in the addressing of the next slave directly connected to it. Therefore, the slave also needs to determine whether it has received a message to close the start-stop relay (step S58). Upon receiving the message, the slave closes its own start-stop relay to activate the next slave (step S60). Subsequently, the slave also needs to determine whether it has received a message to disconnect the start-stop relay (step S61). Upon receiving the message, the slave disconnects its own start-stop relay (step S62) and sends a start-stop relay disconnect response message to the master. If the number of times the slave sends the response addressing message reaches a preset threshold (for example, 3 times) (step S59), or the slave does not receive a message to disconnect the start-stop relay, the process ends (step S53).

[0164] FIG15 shows the process of re-addressing.

[0165] During the operation of multiple battery management systems 1013 after addressing is completed, a slave signal may be lost due to vibration, environmental problems, etc. At this time, the slave needs to be re-addressed. If the addressing still fails, a slave communication failure is reported. The process is as follows:

[0166] K = 1;

[0167] The host determines whether it has received the heartbeat message from the Kth slave (step S71);

[0168] When the heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received, the value of K is increased by 1 (step S72). At this time, K=2. The host determines whether K is greater than the number of slaves (step S73).

[0169] If yes, the host continues to determine whether it has received the heartbeat message from the Kth slave (step S71);

[0170] If not, K=1 is set (step S74), and the host continues to determine whether the heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received (step S71);

[0171] And so on.

[0172] When the host does not receive the heartbeat message of the K-th slave, the host sends a start-stop relay closing message to the K-1-th slave (step S75) to activate the K-th slave (if the host does not receive the heartbeat message of the first slave, the host directly closes its own start-stop relay to activate the first slave);

[0173] The master sends an addressed message to the Kth slave (step S76);

[0174] The host determines whether it has received the response addressing message sent by the Kth slave (step S77);

[0175] If the host receives the response addressing message sent by the K-th slave, it means that the K-th slave is addressed successfully, and the host sends a message to disconnect the start-stop relay to the K-1-th slave (step S78);

[0176] The host determines whether it has received the start-stop relay disconnection response message sent by the K-1th slave (step S79);

[0177] If the host receives the start-stop relay disconnection response message sent by the K-1th slave, the host clears the number of times the response addressing message is sent (step S80) and returns to step S71; if the host does not receive the start-stop relay disconnection response message sent by the K-1th slave, the host determines that the communication of the K-1th slave has timed out and reports a fault (step S83);

[0178] If the host does not receive the reply addressing message sent by the K-th slave, the host continues to send the addressing message to the K-th slave until the host receives the reply addressing message sent by the K-th slave, or the number of times the reply addressing message is sent reaches a preset number (for example, 10 times) (step S81);

[0179] When the number of times the response addressing message is sent reaches 10 but the host has not received the response addressing message sent by the Kth slave, the host determines that the Kth slave is disconnected, reports a fault, and ignores the heartbeat message (i.e., feedback signal) of the slave (step S82).

[0180] During operation, the loss of slaves includes any slave restart or power failure. In the above cases, the host can control the slave to power on again.

[0181] Any message from the slave can be considered as the heartbeat message of the slave. In other words, there is no need to set up an additional heartbeat message. Any message sent by the slave can be used to assist the host in determining whether the slave is lost.

[0182] All battery packs 101 in this application can be powered on to determine the master and slave devices while having the same software and hardware, and address the battery management system 1013, which not only facilitates the burning of the battery program, but also facilitates the parallel connection of batteries and improves efficiency.

[0183] In addition, since the present application re-addresses all connected battery management systems 1013, addressing can be performed according to the connection order of the battery management systems 1013. When a battery pack 101 where a battery management system 1013 is located fails, the user can directly find the failed battery pack 101 from multiple battery packs 101 based on the address of the failed battery management system 1013. For example, if the address of the failed battery management system 1013 is 3, the user can directly assume that the third battery pack 101 has failed.

[0184] In addition, the battery pack 101 can solve the problem of slave communication loss due to poor contact during operation. When the signal is suddenly lost, the lost slave is re-addressed, effectively solving the signal loss caused by contact problems.

[0185] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the addressing method described in any embodiment of the present application. The computer-readable storage medium may be a phase change memory (PRAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory or other memory technology, a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, a magnetic cassette, a magnetic tape, a magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

[0186] The embodiments of the battery management system 1013, battery management component 201, battery pack 101, battery module 100, propulsion system 602, and mobile device 600 generally correspond to the method embodiments, so for relevant details, please refer to the description of the method embodiments. The method embodiments and the embodiments of the battery management system 1013, battery management component 201, battery pack 101, battery module 100, propulsion system 602, and mobile device 600 complement each other.

[0187] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0188] The above is a detailed introduction to the methods and devices provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. An addressing method, characterized in that: Applicable to each battery management system among a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each of which can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the present battery management system; the addressing method comprises: In the case where the present battery management system is the host, a previous battery management system controlling a target battery management system activates the target battery management system, and the target battery management system is an unaddressed battery management system; The target battery management system is addressed.

2. The addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addressing of the target battery management system includes: If the activation response signal sent by the previous battery management system is received, the target battery management system is addressed.

3. The addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After addressing the target battery management system, the addressing method further includes: If an addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system is received, it is confirmed that the addressing of the target battery management system is successful.

4. The addressing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: If the addressing response signal is not received, return to the step of addressing the target battery management system.

5. The addressing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: If the addressing response signal is still not received when the number of times the target battery management system is addressed reaches a first preset number, a fault prompt is output.

6. The addressing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: If the addressing response signal is received before the number of times the target battery management system is addressed reaches a first preset number, the number of times the target battery management system is addressed is reset to zero.

7. The addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After addressing the target battery management system, the addressing method further includes: The previous battery management system is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system.

8. The addressing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: After controlling the previous battery management system to stop activating the target battery management system, the addressing method further includes: if a stop activation response signal sent by the previous battery management system is received, confirming that the previous battery management system has successfully stopped activating the target battery management system.

9. The addressing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The addressing method further includes: if the deactivation response signal is not received, returning to the step of controlling the previous battery management system to deactivate the target battery management system.

10. The addressing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: If the activation stop response signal is still not received when the number of times the previous battery management system is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system reaches a second preset number, a fault prompt is output.

11. The addressing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: If the activation stop response signal is received before the number of times the previous battery management system is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system reaches a second preset number, the number of times the previous battery management system is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system is reset to zero.

12. The addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: After the target battery management system is successfully addressed, the next battery management system of the target battery management system is used as the updated target battery management system, and the process returns to the step of activating the target battery management system by the previous battery management system that controls the target battery management system.

13. The addressing method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: If the updated target battery management system fails to be successfully addressed, it is confirmed that the original target battery management system is the last slave.

14. The addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The address of the target battery management system is determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system among the plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence.

15. The addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: Determine whether a feedback signal from the target battery management system is received, the feedback signal serving as a basis for the host to determine whether the target battery management system is lost; The previous battery management system controlling the target battery management system activates the target battery management system, comprising: When the feedback signal is not received, controlling the previous battery management system to activate the target battery management system; The addressing of the target battery management system includes: The target battery management system is re-addressed.

16. The addressing method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The renumbered address of the target battery management system is the original address of the target battery management system.

17. The addressing method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: Updating the target battery management system, and returning to the step of activating the target battery management system by a previous battery management system controlling the target battery management system; If the target battery management system is the last slave, the first slave is used as the updated target battery management system; otherwise, the next battery management system of the target battery management system is used as the updated target battery management system.

18. The addressing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A switch module is connected between two adjacent battery management systems among the multiple battery management systems, and the previous battery management system that controls the target battery management system activates the target battery management system, including: The previous battery management system is controlled to close a switch module between the previous battery management system and the target battery management system to activate the target battery management system.

19. An addressing method, characterized in that: Applicable to each battery management system among a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each of which can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the present battery management system; the addressing method comprises: When the battery management system is a slave, it receives an activation control signal sent by the host; A target battery management system is activated in response to the activation control signal, wherein the target battery management system is a next battery management system of the present battery management system.

20. The addressing method according to claim 19, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: An activation response signal of the activation control signal is sent to the host.

21. The addressing method according to claim 19, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: receiving a stop activation control signal sent by the host; The target battery management system is deactivated in response to the deactivation control signal.

22. The addressing method according to claim 21, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: A deactivation response signal of the deactivation control signal is sent to the host.

23. The addressing method according to claim 19, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: After receiving the addressing signal sent by the host, an addressing response signal is sent to the host.

24. The addressing method according to claim 19, characterized in that: The addressing method also includes: If the addressing signal sent by the host is not received after the battery management system is powered on, the battery management system is controlled to be powered off.

25. An addressing method, characterized in that: Applied to a battery management component, the battery management component includes a plurality of battery management systems connected in sequence, each battery management system can be activated in response to an activation signal of a previous battery management system of the present battery management system; the addressing method includes: A host among the multiple battery management systems sends an activation control signal to a slave among the multiple battery management systems; The slave activates the next battery management system of the slave in response to the activation control signal; The host addresses the next battery management system.

26. A battery management system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the addressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 24 when executing the computer program.

27. A battery management component, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the addressing method according to claim 25 is implemented when the processor executes the computer program.

28. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises: The battery management system of claim 26; and The battery cell is connected to the battery management system.

29. The battery pack according to claim 28, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises: The battery cell and the first switch unit, the battery management system comprises a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal; The first input end and the second input end are connected to one end of the first switch unit, the other end of the first switch unit is connected to the battery cell, and the output end is used to connect to the first input end of the next battery pack connected to the battery pack; The first input terminal of the battery pack is used to transmit a power supply signal when the first switch unit is closed, so that the battery management system is powered; The second input end is used to transmit a control signal when the first switch unit receives a closing operation from a user and is closed, so that the battery management system sets the local device as a host.

30. The battery pack according to claim 29, characterized in that: The first switch unit of the battery pack includes a double-pole switch, and the double-pole switch includes a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit; One end of the first switch circuit is connected to the first input end, and the other end is connected to the battery cell; One end of the second switch loop is connected to the second input end, and the other end is connected to the first input end of the battery pack.

31. The battery pack according to claim 30, characterized in that: The double-pole switch is a double-pole self-resetting switch, and the first switch unit further includes a switch element; One end of the switch element is connected to the battery cell, and the other end is connected to the first input end.

32. The battery pack according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises: A voltage conversion unit is connected between the battery management system and the double-pole switch and is used to convert the output voltage of the battery cell.

33. The battery pack according to claim 32, characterized in that: One end of the first switch loop connected to the first input end is connected to the first input end via the voltage conversion unit.

34. The battery pack according to claim 29, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises: A second switch unit, one end of the second switch unit is connected to the output end, and the other end is connected to the first input end of the next battery pack.

35. The battery pack according to claim 34, characterized in that: One end of the second switch unit is connected to one end of the first switch unit of the next battery pack connected to the battery cell, and the other end of the second switch unit is connected to the first input end of the next battery pack.

36. The battery pack according to claim 29, characterized in that: The battery management system further comprises: An external signal input terminal, wherein the external signal input terminal is used to connect to an external power source.

37. The battery pack according to claim 36, characterized in that: The external signal input terminal comprises: A third input terminal is used to connect to an external battery; and / or The fourth input terminal is used to connect to an external charging device.

38. A battery module, characterized in that: The battery module comprises: A plurality of battery packs according to any one of claims 28 to 37; or A battery cell and a battery management component as claimed in claim 27, wherein the battery cell is connected to the battery management component.

39. A propulsion system, characterized in that: The propulsion system comprises: A propeller; and a battery module as described in claim 38, wherein the battery module is connected to the propeller.

40. A movable device, characterized in that: The movable device comprises: A movable body; and a propulsion system as described in claim 39, wherein the propulsion system is combined with the movable body.

41. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that Computer instructions are stored thereon, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the addressing method according to any one of claims 1 to 25 is implemented.

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