Battery cell, battery, and electric device

Abstract

The present application provides a battery cell (20), a battery (100), and an electric device. The battery cell (20) comprises an end cover (21) and an insulation and protection layer (24), the insulation and protection layer (24) being arranged on the inner wall of the end cover (21). In the battery cell (20) provided in embodiments of the present application, the insulation and protection layer (24) is provided on the inner wall of the end cover (21), and the end cover (21) is insulated and protected by means of the insulation and protection layer (24). This effectively reduces the probability of contact between the end cover (21) and the electrically charged structure, thereby effectively reducing the probability of a short circuit resulting from such contact with the end cover (21), and in turn reducing the probability of combustion or explosion caused by a short circuit.

Description

Battery cells, batteries and electrical equipment

[0001] This application refers to Chinese patent application No. 202311264494.X, entitled “Battery Cell, Battery and Electrical Equipment”, filed on September 27, 2023, which is incorporated into this application in its entirety by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of battery structures, and in particular provides a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0003] With the development of electronic and intelligent devices, the demand for secondary energy storage batteries, especially high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries, is becoming increasingly urgent. In related technologies, the end caps of battery cells are generally made of metal. Therefore, the end caps may short-circuit with the tabs and adapters of the battery cell components, generating excessive heat and potentially causing severe combustion or explosion risks.

[0004] Application Contents

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, aiming to solve the problem in the related art that the end cover may have the risk of short circuiting with the tabs, adapters, etc. of the battery cell assembly and causing combustion or explosion.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, comprising an end cover and an insulating protective layer, wherein the insulating protective layer is disposed on an inner wall of the end cover.

[0008] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application: The battery cell provided in the embodiments of the present application, by arranging an insulating protective layer on the inner wall of the end cover, insulates the end cover through the insulating protective layer, effectively reducing the probability of the end cover contacting the charged structure, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the end cover short-circuiting, and further reducing the probability of combustion or explosion caused by short circuit.

[0009] In some embodiments, a mounting portion is formed on the end cap, and a projection of the insulating protective layer is separated from a projection of the mounting portion in a thickness direction of the end cap.

[0010] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the projection of the insulating protective layer and the projection of the mounting portion are separated in the thickness direction of the end cover, that is, the insulating protective layer does not block the mounting portion along the thickness direction of the end cover, so that other components can be arranged on the mounting portion and connected and assembled through the insulating protective layer, effectively reducing the interference effect of the insulating protective layer on the mounting portion.

[0011] In some embodiments, the mounting portion includes a first mounting structure for arranging a functional component, a second mounting structure for arranging a liquid injection port, and a third mounting structure for arranging a pressure relief mechanism.

[0012] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the insulating protective layer does not block the first mounting structure, the second mounting structure and the third mounting structure along the thickness direction of the end cover, so that the functional components can be arranged on the first mounting structure and connected and assembled, the liquid injection port can be opened on the second mounting structure, and the pressure relief mechanism can be arranged on the third mounting structure and assembled, effectively reducing the interference effect of the insulating protective layer on the functional components, the liquid injection port and the pressure relief mechanism.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first avoidance area is provided on the insulating protective layer, and along the thickness direction of the end cover, the projection of the first avoidance area includes the projection of the first mounting structure, the projection of the second mounting structure, and the projection of the third mounting structure.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the first avoidance area opened on the insulating protective layer is used to avoid the installation part, so that the installation part can be installed with other components, effectively reducing the interference effect of the insulating protective layer on the installation part.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first avoidance zone includes a first avoidance portion, a second avoidance portion, and a third avoidance portion; in the thickness direction along the end cover, the projection of the first avoidance portion includes the projection of the first mounting structure, the projection of the second avoidance portion includes the projection of the second mounting structure, and the projection of the third avoidance portion includes the projection of the third mounting structure.

[0016] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the first avoidance portion opened on the insulating protective layer is used to avoid the first mounting structure on the end cover, and the functional component can be arranged at the first mounting structure and connected and assembled through the first avoidance portion; the second avoidance portion opened on the insulating protective layer is used to avoid the second mounting structure on the end cover, and when the liquid injection port is opened in the second mounting structure, the second avoidance portion can avoid the liquid injection port to reduce the interference effect of the insulating protective layer on the liquid injection port; the third avoidance portion opened on the insulating protective layer is used to avoid the third mounting structure on the end cover, and the pressure relief mechanism can be arranged at the third mounting structure and connected and assembled through the third avoidance portion; the first avoidance portion, the second avoidance portion and the third avoidance portion are used to avoid the first mounting structure, the second mounting structure and the third mounting structure respectively, which effectively reduces the assembly effect of the insulating protective layer on the end cover. At the same time, the insulating protective layer can also fully insulate the end cover, reduce the area of ​​the end cover exposed to the insulating protective layer, and thereby reduce the probability of contact short circuit of the end cover.

[0017] In some embodiments, the end cap has a peripheral side surface, and a blank gap is left between the insulating protective layer and the peripheral side surface.

[0018] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, a blank gap is set between the insulating protective layer and the peripheral side surface of the end cover, so that the portion between the peripheral side surface of the end cover and the end of the insulating protective layer can expose the inner wall of the end cover. Therefore, when assembling the end cover, the portion of the inner wall of the end cover exposed at the blank gap can be connected and assembled with other components, effectively reducing the influence of the insulating protective layer on the assembly operation of the end cover.

[0019] In some embodiments, the insulating protective layer is a high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer, and the high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer is configured to be usable in a temperature environment within 400°C.

[0020] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, a high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer is arranged on the inner wall of the end cover, and the high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer can be used in a temperature environment within 400°C. Therefore, the probability of the high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer melting and shrinking is low, and the probability of the inner wall of the end cover being exposed is low, so that the risk of contact short circuit of the end cover is also low.

[0021] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a lower plastic layer, and the lower plastic layer is disposed on the insulating protective layer.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging a lower plastic layer on the insulating protective layer, the end cover is provided with double insulation protection by the lower plastic layer and the insulating protective layer, thereby effectively reducing the risk of contact short circuit of the end cover.

[0023] In some embodiments, the lower plastic layer includes a boss portion, and in a thickness direction of the end cap, a projection of the boss portion is separated from a projection of the insulating protective layer.

[0024] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the projection of the insulating protective layer can be separated from the projection of the boss portion in the thickness direction of the end cover, that is, the insulating protective layer does not block the inner wall of the end cover covered by the boss portion in the thickness direction of the end cover. Since the boss portion is thicker, the boss portion can provide better insulation protection for the inner wall. Therefore, the insulating protective layer is no longer needed to cover the inner wall, so that the material of the insulating protective layer can be used to achieve the purpose of reducing costs.

[0025] In some embodiments, a second avoidance area is provided on the insulating protective layer, and a projection of the second avoidance area along the thickness direction of the end cover includes a projection of the boss portion.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution and opening a second avoidance area on the insulating protective layer, the boss portion can be exposed from the insulating protective layer in the thickness direction of the end cover and toward the end cover.

[0027] In some embodiments, the insulating protective layer includes at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, and polyetheretherketone.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulating protective layer can include at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole and polyetheretherketone. The insulating protective layer formed by using the above materials has better insulating protective performance.

[0029] In some embodiments, the thickness of the insulating protective layer is N, and 1 μm≤N≤1000 μm.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the thickness of the insulating protective layer is set to be greater than or equal to 1μm and less than 1000μm, so that the insulating protective layer has a certain thickness and can play an insulating protection role for the end cover, so that the insulating protective layer can reduce the probability of contact short circuit of the end cover.

[0031] In some embodiments, the thickness of the insulating protective layer is N, and 50 μm≤N≤500 μm.

[0032] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the thickness of the insulating protective layer is set to be greater than or equal to 50 μm and less than 500 μm, so that the insulating protective layer has a certain thickness and can play an insulating protection role for the end cover, so that the insulating protective layer can not only provide insulating protection for the end cover, but also reduce the space occupancy rate.

[0033] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, which includes the battery cell as described above.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application: The battery provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the above-mentioned battery cells. Based on the low probability of contact short circuit at the end covers of the above-mentioned battery cells, the risk of combustion or explosion of the battery is low.

[0035] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes the battery as described above.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application: The electrical equipment provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the above-mentioned battery. On the basis of the low risk of combustion or explosion of the above-mentioned battery, the risk of combustion or explosion of the electrical equipment is also low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] FIG2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner side of an end cap provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0042] FIG5 is a side view of an end cap provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0043] FIG6 is a side view of an end cap provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0044] FIG7 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in FIG5 .

[0045] 1 , the battery 100 is connected to the battery pack 200 by a first step and the battery pack 201 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. 2 , the battery pack 20 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. 3 , the battery pack 20 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. 4 , the battery pack 20 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. 5 , the battery pack 20 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. 6 , the battery pack 20 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. 7 , the battery pack 20 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. 8 , the battery pack 20 is connected to the battery pack 202 by a second step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0050] Currently, market developments indicate that power batteries are becoming increasingly widely used. They are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal, wind, and solar power plants, but are also widely used in electric vehicles like electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. As power battery applications continue to expand, market demand is also growing.

[0051] A battery cell consists of a shell, end cover and cell assembly, etc. The end cover is generally made of metal, so the tabs, adapters, etc. of the cell assembly may come into contact with the end cover, causing a short circuit inside the cell assembly. When a short circuit occurs, the cell assembly will generate a large amount of heat, causing the battery cell to be at risk of combustion or explosion.

[0052] Based on the above considerations, in order to solve the problem that the end cover may have the risk of contact short circuit with the pole ear, adapter plate, etc. of the battery cell assembly and cause combustion or explosion, a battery cell is designed. By providing an insulating protective layer on the inner wall of the end cover of the battery cell, the end cover is insulated and protected by the insulating protective layer, which effectively reduces the probability of the end cover contacting the charged structure such as the pole ear, adapter plate, etc. of the battery cell assembly, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the end cover contact short circuit, and further reducing the probability of combustion or explosion caused by short circuit.

[0053] In such a battery cell, since an insulating protective layer is provided on the inner wall of the end cover, the probability of direct contact between the end cover and the charged structures of the battery cell assembly, such as the pole ear and adapter, can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of contact short circuit of the end cover, and the risk of combustion or explosion due to short circuit inside the battery cell can be effectively improved.

[0054] The battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electrical devices that use batteries as power sources or various energy storage systems that use batteries as energy storage elements. Electrical devices may include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, battery-powered vehicles, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, and the like. Electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric vehicle toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, and spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, and the like.

[0055] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 can serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2, which is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 provides a storage space for the battery cell 20 and can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 can include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which overlap each other and together define a storage space for the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open. The first portion 11 can be a plate-like structure, with the first portion 11 overlapping the open side of the second portion 12, so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define a storage space. Alternatively, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can each be a hollow structure with one end open, with the open side of the first portion 11 overlapping the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc.

[0059] In the battery 100, there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection. A hybrid connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells 20. The multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, and then the entire battery cell 20 may be housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery 100 may be constructed by first connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery module, which is then connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a complete battery module, and then housed within the housing 10. The battery 100 may also include other structures, such as a busbar assembly for electrically connecting the multiple battery cells 20.

[0060] Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, and may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application. A battery cell 20 is the smallest unit that makes up a battery. As shown in Figure 3, a battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, a cell assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0062] The end cap 21 is a component that covers the opening of the housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy). This prevents the end cap 21 from deforming when subjected to compression or collision, giving the battery cell 20 greater structural strength and improved reliability. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on the end cap 21. The electrode terminals 21a can be used to electrically connect to the battery cell assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy to the battery cell 20. The electrode terminals 21a include a positive electrode post, a negative electrode post, and a plastic cover. One end of the positive and negative electrode posts can be directly connected to the busbar, while the other ends of the positive and negative electrode posts can be connected to one of the poles of an adjacent battery cell 20 in the battery 100 or battery module. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The end cap 21 may also be made of a variety of materials, including but not limited to copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and aluminum alloys.

[0063] The housing 22 is a component that cooperates with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can be used to accommodate the battery cell assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and end cap 21 can be separate components. An opening can be provided in the housing 22, and the end cap 21 is placed over the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the interior of the housing 22 needs to be enclosed, the end cap 21 is placed over the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, or a hexagonal prism. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined based on the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of a variety of materials, including, but not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and plastic.

[0064] The battery cell assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 100 where electrochemical reactions occur. One or more battery cell assemblies 23 may be contained in the shell 22. The battery cell assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets with active substances constitute the main body of the battery cell assembly, and the parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active substances each constitute a tab 23a. The positive and negative electrode tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or respectively at both ends of the main body. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive active substance and the negative active substance react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a connect the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

[0065] According to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 3 and 4. The embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell 20, including an end cover 21 and an insulating protective layer 24. The insulating protective layer 24 is arranged on the inner wall of the end cover 21.

[0066] The insulating protective layer 24 is an insulating layer structure. The insulating protective layer 24 may be, but is not limited to, an insulating coating, an insulating film, an insulating adhesive layer, etc., and is fixed to the inner wall of the end cover 21 by coating, bonding, etc.

[0067] The inner wall of the end cover 21 refers to a side wall of the end cover 21 facing the outside of the battery cell 20 when the end cover 21 constitutes the battery cell 20 , that is, the inner wall of the end cover 21 faces the inside of the battery cell 20 .

[0068] Specifically, the insulating protective layer 24 can completely cover the inner wall of the end cover 21 so as to completely shield and protect the inner wall of the end cover 21, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the inner wall of the end cover 21 contacting the live structure, and further effectively reducing the risk of combustion or explosion caused by contact short circuit.

[0069] The battery cell 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application provides an insulating protective layer 24 on the inner wall of the end cover 21. The insulating protective layer 24 is used to insulate the end cover 21, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the end cover 21 contacting the charged structure, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the end cover 21 short-circuiting, and further reducing the probability of combustion or explosion caused by the short circuit.

[0070] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 , the end cover 21 includes a mounting portion 211 , and along the thickness direction D of the end cover 21 , a projection of the insulating protective layer 24 is separated from a projection of the mounting portion 211 .

[0071] It can be understood that the mounting portion 211 is the portion on the end cover 21 used to install the components required for the battery cell 20. For example, the mounting portion 211 can be, but is not limited to, used to assemble structural parts such as pressure relief mechanisms (such as pressure relief valves, explosion-proof valves, etc.), liquid filling ports, functional components (such as electrode terminals, etc.); specifically, the mounting portion 211 can be, but is not limited to, various assembly structures that pass through the end cover 21, such as groove structures and hole structures, to facilitate the assembly of the above-mentioned components.

[0072] The projection of the insulating protective layer 24 and the projection of the mounting portion 211 are separated along the thickness direction D of the end cap 21. That is, along the thickness direction D of the end cap 21, the insulating protective layer 24 and the mounting portion 211 do not overlap, and the mounting portion 211 can be exposed from the insulating protective layer 24 in the thickness direction D of the end cap 21. In this way, when other components are assembled on the mounting portion 211, the components can pass through the end cap 21 and connect to the interior of the battery cell 20. The insulating protective layer 24 will not hinder the assembly of the components, thereby effectively reducing the interference of the insulating protective layer 24 on the mounting portion 211.

[0073] Specifically, the insulating protective layer 24 avoids the mounting portion 211 in the thickness direction D along the end cover 21. The specific avoidance method of the insulating protective layer 24 can be that an avoidance hole is formed on the insulating protective layer 24, and the mounting portion 211 can be exposed from the avoidance hole; or, the insulating protective layer 24 is concave along its own extension direction to form an avoidance space, so that the mounting portion 211 can be exposed from the insulating protective layer 24; or, the insulating protective layer 24 can be formed by a combination of multiple blocks, and no blocks are arranged at the mounting portion 211, so that the mounting portion 211 can be exposed.

[0074] In this arrangement, the projection of the insulating protective layer 24 and the projection of the mounting portion 211 are separated in the thickness direction D of the end cover 21, that is, the insulating protective layer 24 does not block the mounting portion 211 along the thickness direction D of the end cover 21, so that other components can be arranged on the mounting portion 211 and connected and assembled through the insulating protective layer 24, effectively reducing the interference effect of the insulating protective layer 24 on the mounting portion 211.

[0075] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 3 to 5, the mounting portion 211 includes a first mounting structure 2111 for setting functional components, a second mounting structure 2112 for setting a liquid injection port, and a third mounting structure 2113 for setting a pressure relief mechanism.

[0076] Among them, the first mounting structure 2111 is used to set functional components; optionally, the first mounting structure 2111 can be a through hole (such as a round hole, a square hole, a special-shaped hole, etc.) passing through the end cover 21, and the functional component can be a pole (which can be a single pole or a positive or negative pole, etc.); the insulating protective layer 24 is separated from the first mounting structure 2111 in the thickness direction D along the end cover 21, that is, the first mounting structure 2111 can be exposed to the insulating protective layer 24, so the functional component can be normally assembled at the first mounting structure 2111.

[0077] The specific way of exposing the first mounting structure 2111 to the insulating protective layer 24 can be that an avoidance hole is opened on the insulating protective layer 24, and the first mounting structure 2111 can be exposed at the avoidance hole; or, the insulating protective layer 24 is concave along its own extension direction, so that the first mounting structure 2111 can be exposed on the insulating protective layer 24; or, the insulating protective layer 24 includes a plurality of insulating protective blocks, and the insulating protective layer 24 is formed by combining the plurality of insulating protective blocks, and the first mounting structure 2111 is exposed by canceling the arrangement of the insulating protective blocks at the first mounting structure 2111.

[0078] The second mounting structure 2112 is used to provide a liquid injection hole. Optionally, the second mounting structure 2112 can be a through hole (e.g., a round hole, a square hole, or a special-shaped hole) extending through the end cap 21. Thus, the liquid injection hole can be formed at this through hole. The insulating protective layer is separated from the second mounting structure 2112 along the thickness direction D of the end cap 21. That is, the second mounting structure 2112 can be exposed to the insulating protective layer 24. Therefore, the liquid injection hole can be used normally without being interfered with or blocked by the insulating protective layer 24.

[0079] The specific way for the second mounting structure 2112 to be exposed from the insulating protective layer 24 can be that an avoidance hole is opened on the insulating protective layer 24, and the second mounting structure 2112 can be exposed at the avoidance hole; or, the insulating protective layer 24 is concave along its own extension direction, so that the second mounting structure 2112 can be exposed from the insulating protective layer 24; or, the insulating protective layer 24 includes a plurality of insulating protective blocks, and the insulating protective layer 24 is formed by combining the plurality of insulating protective blocks, and the second mounting structure 2112 can be exposed by canceling the arrangement of the insulating protective blocks at the second mounting structure 2112.

[0080] The third mounting structure 2113 is used to set up a pressure relief mechanism; optionally, the third mounting structure 2113 can be a through hole (such as a round hole, a square hole, a special-shaped hole, etc.) passing through the end cover 21, and the pressure relief mechanism can be a pressure relief valve; the insulating protective layer 24 is separated from the third mounting structure 2113 in the thickness direction D along the end cover 21, that is, the third mounting structure 2113 can be exposed to the insulating protective layer 24, and the insulating protective layer 24 will not interfere with or block the pressure relief valve, so the pressure relief valve can be used normally.

[0081] The specific way of exposing the third mounting structure 2113 to the insulating protective layer 24 can be that an avoidance hole is opened on the insulating protective layer 24, and the third mounting structure 2113 can be exposed at the avoidance hole; or, the insulating protective layer 24 is concave along its own extension direction, so that the third mounting structure 2113 can be exposed on the insulating protective layer 24; or, the insulating protective layer 24 includes a plurality of insulating protective blocks, and the insulating protective layer 24 is formed by combining the plurality of insulating protective blocks, and the third mounting structure 2113 is exposed by canceling the arrangement of the insulating protective blocks at the third mounting structure 2113.

[0082] It can be understood that the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 can be exposed through an avoidance slot formed on the insulating protective layer 24; or, two avoidance slots can be formed on the insulating protective layer 24, and the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 can be exposed through these two avoidance slots; or, three avoidance slots can be formed on the insulating protective layer 24, and the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 are respectively exposed in a corresponding avoidance slot.

[0083] In this configuration, the insulating protective layer 24 does not block the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 along the thickness direction D of the end cover 21, so that the functional components can be set on the first mounting structure 2111 and connected and assembled, the liquid injection port can be opened in the second mounting structure 2112, and the pressure relief mechanism can be set on the third mounting structure 2113 and assembled, which effectively reduces the interference effect of the insulating protective layer 24 on the functional components, the liquid injection port and the pressure relief mechanism.

[0084] According to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 3 to 5. A first avoidance area 241 is opened on the insulating protective layer 24. Along the thickness direction D of the end cover 21, the projection of the first avoidance area 241 includes the projection of the first mounting structure 2111, the projection of the second mounting structure 2112 and the projection of the third mounting structure 2113.

[0085] Specifically, the first avoidance area 241 may be, but is not limited to, a slot structure, a mesh structure, or a groove structure, etc., which is provided on the insulating protective layer 24 .

[0086] Along the thickness direction D of the end cover 21, the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 can be exposed from the first avoidance area 241 to reduce the interference effect of the insulating protective layer 24 on the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113.

[0087] Among them, the first avoidance area 241 can be an area, and the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 are all exposed from the first avoidance area 241; or, the first avoidance area 241 can be formed by a combination of multiple areas, and the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 can be exposed in the corresponding areas.

[0088] In this configuration, the first avoidance area 241 provided on the insulating protective layer 24 avoids the mounting portion 211 , so that other components can be installed on the mounting portion 211 , effectively reducing the interference effect of the insulating protective layer 24 on the mounting portion 211 .

[0089] According to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 3 to 5, the first avoidance area 241 includes a first avoidance portion 2411, a second avoidance portion 2412 and a third avoidance portion 2413; in the thickness direction D along the end cover 21, the projection of the first avoidance portion 2411 includes the projection of the first mounting structure 2111, the projection of the second avoidance portion 2412 includes the projection of the second mounting structure 2112, and the projection of the third avoidance portion 2413 includes the projection of the third mounting structure 2113.

[0090] It is understood that the first relief portion 2411 may be, but is not limited to, a through hole formed in the insulating protective layer 24, or a relief hole formed by a recess in the insulating protective layer 24. Along the thickness direction D of the end cap 21, the projection of the first relief portion 2411 includes the projection of the first mounting structure 2111, that is, the first mounting structure 2111 may be exposed in the first relief portion 2411.

[0091] The second relief portion 2412 may be, but is not limited to, a through hole formed in the insulating protective layer 24, or a relief hole formed by a recess in the insulating protective layer 24. Along the thickness direction D of the end cap 21, the projection of the second relief portion 2412 includes the projection of the second mounting structure 2112, meaning that the second mounting structure 2112 may be exposed in the second relief portion 2412.

[0092] The third relief portion 2413 may be, but is not limited to, a through hole formed in the insulating protective layer 24, or a relief hole formed by a depression in the insulating protective layer 24. Along the thickness direction D of the end cap 21, the projection of the third relief portion 2413 includes the projection of the third mounting structure 2113, meaning that the third mounting structure 2113 may be exposed within the third relief portion 2413.

[0093] In this way, the first avoidance portion 2411 provided on the insulating protective layer 24 is used to avoid the first mounting structure 2111 on the end cover 21, and the functional component can be set at the first mounting structure 2111 and connected and assembled through the first avoidance portion 2411; the second avoidance portion 2412 provided on the insulating protective layer 24 is used to avoid the second mounting structure 2112 on the end cover 21, and when the injection port is provided on the second mounting structure 2112, the second avoidance portion 2412 can avoid the injection port to reduce the interference effect of the insulating protective layer 24 on the injection port; the third avoidance portion 2413 provided on the insulating protective layer 24 is used to avoid the end cover 21 1 is avoided, and the pressure relief mechanism can be arranged at the third mounting structure 2113 and connected and assembled through the third avoidance portion 2413; the first avoidance portion 2411, the second avoidance portion 2412 and the third avoidance portion 2413 are used to avoid the first mounting structure 2111, the second mounting structure 2112 and the third mounting structure 2113 respectively, thereby effectively reducing the assembly influence of the insulating protective layer 24 on the end cover 21. At the same time, the insulating protective layer 24 can also fully insulate and protect the end cover 21, reduce the area of ​​the end cover 21 exposed to the insulating protective layer 24, and thereby reduce the probability of contact short circuit of the end cover 21.

[0094] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 , the end cover 21 has a peripheral side surface 212 , and a blank gap 25 is left between the insulating protective layer 24 and the peripheral side surface 212 .

[0095] The circumferential side surface 212 of the end cover 21 refers to a side surface parallel to the thickness direction D of the end cover 21. It can be understood that the end cover 21 has an inner wall and an outer wall opposite to the inner wall. Therefore, the circumferential side surface 212 of the end cover 21 is located between the inner wall and the outer wall of the end cover 21, and the circumferential side surface 212 of the end cover 21 is used to connect the inner wall and the outer wall of the end cover 21.

[0096] The blank gap 25 between the insulating protective layer 24 and the peripheral side surface 212 refers to the gap between the end of the insulating protective layer 24 and the peripheral side surface 212 on the corresponding side. The inner wall of the end cover 21 can be exposed to the insulating protective layer 24 at the blank gap 25.

[0097] In this way, by setting a blank gap 25 between the insulating protective layer 24 and the peripheral side surface 212 of the end cover 21, the portion between the peripheral side surface 212 of the end cover 21 and the end of the insulating protective layer 24 can expose the inner wall of the end cover 21, so that when assembling the end cover 21, the portion of the inner wall of the end cover 21 exposed at the blank gap 25 can be connected and assembled with other components. For example, when the end cover 21 is welded and assembled with the shell, the blank gap 25 is set to expose the inner wall of the end cover 21, and the end cover 21 can be smoothly welded and assembled with the shell, thereby effectively reducing the influence of the insulating protective layer 24 on the assembly operation of the end cover 21.

[0098] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the insulating protective layer 24 is a high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer, which is configured to be usable in a temperature environment of less than 400°C.

[0099] The high temperature resistant insulating protective layer refers to a layer structure that can be used normally in a high temperature environment and has a low probability of melting, shrinking, etc. Specifically, in this embodiment, the high temperature environment mainly refers to a temperature environment within 400°C.

[0100] Optionally, the high temperature resistant insulating protective layer may be, but is not limited to, a high temperature resistant coating, a high temperature resistant film layer, etc. The high temperature resistant insulating protective layer may be composed of at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole and polyetheretherketone.

[0101] In this way, a high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer is set on the inner wall of the end cover 21, and the high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer can be used in a temperature environment within 400°C. Therefore, the probability of the high-temperature resistant insulating protective layer melting and shrinking is low, and the probability of the inner wall of the end cover 21 being exposed is low, so that the risk of contact short circuit of the end cover 21 in a high-temperature environment is also low.

[0102] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 , the battery cell 20 further includes a lower plastic layer 26 , which is disposed on the insulating protective layer 24 .

[0103] The lower plastic layer 26 is disposed on one side of the inner wall of the end cap 21 and is used to insulate and protect the inner wall of the end cap 21. The lower plastic layer 26 can be fixed to the portion of the inner wall of the end cap 21 exposed by the insulating protective layer 24 by adhesion, or can also be fixed to the insulating protective layer 24 by adhesion.

[0104] In the thickness direction D of the end cap 21, the lower plastic layer 26 can completely cover the inner wall of the end cap 21, or the lower plastic layer 26 can cover part of the inner wall of the end cap 21 (for example, the part of the inner wall of the end cap 21 exposed from the insulating protective layer 24), so as to supplement and strengthen the insulating protection effect of the insulating protective layer 24 on the inner wall of the end cap 21.

[0105] In this configuration, by providing the lower plastic layer 26 on the insulating protective layer 24 , the end cap 21 is provided with double insulation protection by the lower plastic layer 26 and the insulating protective layer 24 , thereby effectively reducing the risk of contact short circuit of the end cap 21 .

[0106] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 , the lower plastic layer 26 includes a boss portion 261 . In the thickness direction D of the end cap 21 , the projection of the boss portion 261 is separated from the projection of the insulating protective layer 24 .

[0107] It can be understood that the boss portion 261 refers to the thicker portion of the lower plastic layer 26 .

[0108] It should be understood that the thicker the lower plastic layer 26 is, the better the insulation protection performance of the lower plastic layer 26. Therefore, the end cap 21 can be covered without the insulating protective layer 24 at the boss portion 261 of the lower plastic layer 26. That is, only the boss portion 261 of the lower plastic layer 26 can be used to cover the inner wall of the end cap 21 in the thickness direction D of the end cap 21. Therefore, in the thickness direction D of the end cap 21, the projection of the boss portion 261 can be separated from the projection of the insulating protective layer 24. The insulating protective layer 24 can form an avoidance structure such as a slot, or the layout corresponding to the boss portion 261 can be eliminated to form an avoidance structure.

[0109] In this way, in the thickness direction D of the end cover 21, the projection of the insulating protective layer 24 can be separated from the projection of the boss portion 261, that is, the insulating protective layer 24 does not block the inner wall of the end cover 21 covered by the boss portion 261 in the thickness direction D of the end cover 21. Since the boss portion 261 is thicker, the boss portion 261 can provide better insulation protection for the inner wall. Therefore, the insulating protective layer 24 is no longer needed to cover the inner wall, so that the material of the insulating protective layer 24 can be used to achieve the purpose of reducing costs.

[0110] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 , a second avoidance area 242 is defined on the insulating protective layer 24 . In the thickness direction D of the end cover 21 , the projection of the second avoidance area 242 includes the projection of the boss portion 261 .

[0111] Specifically, the second avoidance area 242 may be, but is not limited to, a slot structure, a mesh structure, or a groove structure, etc., which is provided on the insulating protective layer 24 .

[0112] Among them, the second avoidance area 242 can be an area, and the boss portion 261 can be exposed from the first avoidance area 241 along the thickness direction D of the end cover 21; or, the first avoidance area 241 can be formed at the outer edge by reducing the overall size of the insulating protective layer 24.

[0113] In this configuration, by opening a second avoidance area 242 on the insulating protective layer 24, the boss portion 261 can be exposed on the insulating protective layer 24 in the thickness direction D of the end cover 21 and toward the end cover 21, so that the boss portion 261 can directly provide insulating protection for the inner wall of the end cover 21.

[0114] For example, in some specific embodiments, the lower plastic layer 26 may include one or more boss portions 261, and the insulating protective layer 24 is formed with a second avoidance area 242 corresponding to the boss portion 261. Each boss portion 261 can be adhered to the portion of the end cover 21 exposed in the second avoidance area 242 to achieve insulation protection of the end cover 21 by the boss portion 261, as shown in Figure 5.

[0115] In other specific embodiments, the lower plastic layer 26 may include one or more boss portions 261 formed on the layer body, and the layer body may be adhered to the insulating protective layer 24 so that the boss portion 261 can be located in the second avoidance area 242, that is, the boss portion 261 can cover the inner wall of the end cover 21 exposed in the second avoidance area 242 along the thickness direction D of the end cover 21, as shown in Figure 6.

[0116] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the insulating protective layer 24 includes at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, and polyetheretherketone.

[0117] It can be understood that the insulating protective layer 24 may include one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole and polyetheretherketone; or, the insulating protective layer 24 may also include multiple of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole and polyetheretherketone.

[0118] In this configuration, the insulating protective layer 24 may include at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole and polyetheretherketone. The insulating protective layer 24 formed using the above materials has better insulating protective performance.

[0119] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 , the thickness of the insulating protective layer 24 is N, 1 micron≤N≤1000 microns (hereinafter “μm” is used instead of micron).

[0120] Specifically, the thickness N of the insulating protective layer 24 is set to be greater than or equal to 1 μm to ensure that the insulating protective layer 24 has sufficient thickness to improve the insulating protection performance of the insulating protective layer 24; at the same time, the thickness N of the insulating protective layer 24 is set to be less than or equal to 1000 μm. On the premise of ensuring the insulating protection performance, the thickness N of the insulating protective layer 24 is controlled not to exceed 1000 μm to reduce the space occupied by the insulating protective layer 24 inside the shell.

[0121] In this way, the thickness of the insulating protective layer 24 is set to be greater than or equal to 1μm and less than 1000μm, so that the insulating protective layer 24 has a certain thickness and can play an insulating protection role for the end cover 21, so that the insulating protective layer 24 can reduce the probability of contact short circuit of the end cover 21.

[0122] According to some embodiments of the present application, please continue to refer to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 , the thickness of the insulating protection layer 24 is N, 50 μm≤N≤500 μm.

[0123] It can be understood that in order to further optimize the insulation performance of the insulating protective layer 24, the thickness N of the insulating protective layer 24 is set to be greater than or equal to 50 μm; at the same time, in order to further optimize the space occupancy rate of the insulating protective layer 24, the thickness N of the insulating protective layer 24 is set to be less than or equal to 500 μm, so that the insulating protective layer 24 has better insulation protection performance while the space occupancy rate of the insulating protective layer 24 is relatively low.

[0124] In some specific embodiments, the battery cell 20 includes an end cover 21, and the inner wall of the end cover 21 is coated with a high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating, which includes at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, and polyetheretherketone, and can work normally in an ambient temperature within 400°C without melting, shrinking, etc.; a slot structure for assembling functional components, assembling a pressure relief valve, and setting a liquid injection port is formed on the end cover 21, and the high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating forms avoidance holes at these slot structures for avoidance, so that the above-mentioned slot structure is exposed to the high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating in the thickness direction D along the end cover 21, reducing the interference effect of the high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating on the slot structure; at the same time, a blank gap 25 is formed between the high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating and the peripheral side surface 212 of the end cover 21. The inner wall of the end cover 21 can be exposed to the high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating through the blank gap 25, so that when the end cover 21 is welded and assembled, the high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating has little impact on the welding assembly; the high-temperature resistant insulating protective coating in this embodiment can not only have a better insulating and anti-slip effect on the end cover 21, but also has little impact on the assembly, welding and other operations of the end cover 21.

[0125] According to some embodiments of the present application, please continue to refer to Figures 2 and 3. The present application also provides a battery 100, which includes the battery cell 20 described above. The battery 100 uses any of the battery cells 20 described in the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0126] According to some embodiments of the present application, please continue to refer to Figures 1 and 2. The present application also provides an electric device, including the battery 100 as described above. The electric device can be any electric device described in the above embodiments, such as a vehicle 1000, which will not be repeated here.

[0127] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that: include: End caps; as well as An insulating protective layer is arranged on the inner wall of the end cover.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting portion is formed on the end cover, and a projection of the insulating protective layer is separated from a projection of the mounting portion in a thickness direction of the end cover.

3. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting portion includes a first mounting structure for arranging a functional component, a second mounting structure for arranging a liquid injection port, and a third mounting structure for arranging a pressure relief mechanism.

4. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first avoidance area is provided on the insulating protective layer. In the thickness direction of the end cover, a projection of the first avoidance area includes a projection of the first mounting structure, a projection of the second mounting structure, and a projection of the third mounting structure.

5. The battery cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first avoidance area includes a first avoidance portion, a second avoidance portion and a third avoidance portion; in the thickness direction along the end cover, the projection of the first avoidance portion includes the projection of the first mounting structure, the projection of the second avoidance portion includes the projection of the second mounting structure, and the projection of the third avoidance portion includes the projection of the third mounting structure.

6. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The end cover has a peripheral side surface, and a blank gap is formed between the insulating protective layer and the peripheral side surface.

7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The insulating protective layer is a high temperature resistant insulating protective layer, and the high temperature resistant insulating protective layer is configured to be usable in a temperature environment within 400°C.

8. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The battery cell further includes a lower plastic layer, and the lower plastic layer is arranged on the insulating protection layer.

9. The battery cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower plastic layer includes a boss portion, and in the thickness direction of the end cover, a projection of the boss portion is separated from a projection of the insulating protective layer.

10. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second avoidance area is provided on the insulating protective layer, and a projection of the second avoidance area along the thickness direction of the end cover includes a projection of the boss portion.

11. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The insulating protective layer includes at least one of phenolic resin, polyimide, polybenzimidazole and polyetheretherketone.

12. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The thickness of the insulating protection layer is N, 1 μm≤N≤1000 μm.

13. The battery cell according to claim 12, characterized in that: The thickness of the insulating protection layer is N, 50 μm≤N≤500 μm.

14. A battery, characterized in that: include: A battery cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. An electrical equipment, characterized in that: include: The battery as claimed in claim 14.

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