Electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a housing and an antenna structure located in the housing. The antenna structure comprises a circuit board and a first radiation structure. The first radiation structure comprises a first radiation ring and a plurality of branches. An included angle is formed between the axial direction of the first radiation ring and the circuit board. The housing comprises a metal ring housing, the metal ring housing extending in an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of the first radiation ring. The plurality of branches are distributed along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring and connected between the first radiation ring and the circuit board, and specifically comprise one feed branch and at least two first ground branches. The branches are electrically connected to the circuit board, and two adjacent branches and a first section of the first radiation ring located between the two branches form an antenna substructure. The feed branch is used for feeding the first radiation ring, the first radiation structure is used for first resonance, and the first radiation structure can be equivalent to a plurality of connected antenna substructures, thereby implementing a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure.

Description

An electronic device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on September 27, 2023, with application number 202311290660.3 and invention name "An electronic device", and priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on July 4, 2024, with application number 202410898155.5 and invention name "An electronic device", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0004] With the continuous development of communication technology, smart home systems, as the basic application of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, have been widely promoted in scenarios such as life and entertainment, learning and office. In the smart home scenario, the electronic devices used by users can install the client of the IoT application, or can support binding to the user account of the IoT application. Users can control terminal devices through IoT applications, thereby realizing the intelligent linkage between the electronic devices used by users and individual terminal devices. For example, users can use the IoT application of the remote control device to issue instructions to the smart lights to change the lighting scene, so as to control the smart lights to adjust the lighting.

[0005] The connection between electronic devices and IoT applications generally uses wireless connection technologies such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and Zigbee. Electronic devices that support the Wi-Fi protocol can connect to the Internet via the Internet Protocol (IP), thereby accessing the IoT smart home platform. The IoT smart home platform can then interact with the IoT application client installed on the user's electronic device, enabling interaction between the electronic device and the IoT application.

[0006] Currently, electronic device casings can be made of different materials to reflect different textures based on user preferences. However, for electronic devices with metal casings, the metal casing has a negative impact on the antenna inside the device, resulting in a deterioration in the antenna's radiation efficiency and directivity.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present application provides an electronic device to achieve a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation pattern of an antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in a metal ring housing.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located within the housing. The housing includes a metal ring housing extending axially. The antenna structure includes a circuit board and a first radiating structure disposed on one side of the circuit board. The first radiating structure includes a first radiating ring and multiple branches. The axial direction of the first radiating ring is arranged at an angle to the circuit board and parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring housing. The multiple branches are disposed circumferentially between the first radiating ring and the circuit board and electrically connect the first radiating ring and the circuit board. The multiple branches specifically include a feed branch and at least two first ground branches. The feed branch is electrically connected to the signal layer of the circuit board and is used to feed power to the first radiating ring. The at least two first ground branches are electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board and are used for grounding. Any two adjacent branches divide the first radiating ring into a first segment and a second segment, wherein the length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring is greater than the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring. The first radiation structure includes a plurality of first antenna substructures, and the plurality of first antenna substructures are used to generate a first resonance. Each first antenna substructure includes two adjacent branches and a first section of the first radiation loop located between the two adjacent branches.

[0010] When the antenna structure of the electronic device communicates, the first radiating structure can generate a first resonance. Therefore, in the first resonance mode, the first radiating structure can be equivalent to multiple first antenna substructures working together, thereby achieving a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation pattern for the antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directionality of the antenna structure within the metal ring housing.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a first distance is defined between the first radiating ring and the circuit board. On a side of the circuit board facing the first radiating structure, a second distance is defined between an end of the metal ring housing away from the circuit board and the circuit board. The second distance is greater than the first distance and is less than or equal to 0.22λ, where λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance.

[0012] The first radiating loop includes multiple first segments, and these first segments are all of equal length along the circumference of the first radiating loop, thereby ensuring that the multiple branches are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first radiating loop. Alternatively, the multiple branches can be unevenly distributed along the circumference of the first radiating loop, which is not a limitation here. In this implementation, the multiple branches can be of equal size, thereby ensuring that the multiple first antenna substructures of the first radiating structure have equal sizes.

[0013] In the above implementation, the length of the first segment of the first radiating loop between two adjacent branches is d1, the lengths of the two branches adjacent to the first segment are d2 and d3, respectively, and the sum of d1, d2, and d3 is within the range of (0.5±0.125)λ. In the first resonant mode, each first antenna substructure has the same current distribution, resulting in good horizontal coverage in this mode.

[0014] In the above electronic device, the at least two first ground branches are not electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board through an inductor device or a winding inductor.

[0015] Specifically, the current distribution generating the first resonance of the first radiation structure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches and a first reverse current distribution on the first section of the first radiation loop located between the two adjacent branches. The first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the first radiation ring has a groove or a gap between two adjacent branches, and the groove or the gap is located in a middle area of ​​the first segment.

[0017] In practical applications, the antenna structure can be used to generate multiple operating modes depending on the requirements of dual-band or multi-band scenarios. For example, in one possible implementation, the first radiating loop can also be used to generate a second resonance. The resonant frequency of the second resonance is higher than the resonant frequency of the first resonance. The current distribution generated by the first radiating loop to generate the second resonance includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop, and the second reverse current distribution has two current reversal points.

[0018] In the electronic device described above, the first radiating loop can also be used to generate a third resonance. The frequency of the resonance point of the third resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance. Specifically, the current distribution generated by the first radiating loop to generate the third resonance includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop, and the third reverse current distribution has four current reversal points.

[0019] In addition to the resonance generated by the first radiating structure itself, the antenna structure may also include a second radiating structure to generate other resonances. The second radiating structure includes a second radiating loop and at least two second grounding branches. Specifically, the axial direction of the second radiating loop is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiating loop, and the minimum inner diameter of the second radiating loop is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiating loop. The at least two second grounding branches are arranged between the second radiating loop and the circuit board along the circumference of the second radiating loop and electrically connect the second radiating loop and the circuit board. Any two adjacent second grounding branches divide the second radiating loop into a third segment and a fourth segment. The length of the fourth segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating loop is greater than the length of the third segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiating loop. The second radiating structure includes multiple second antenna substructures. These multiple second antenna substructures are configured to generate a fourth resonance. Each second antenna substructure includes two adjacent second grounding branches and a third segment of the second radiating loop located between the two adjacent second grounding branches. In this antenna structure, the second radiating structure is configured to generate the fourth resonance. The two adjacent second grounding branches and the third segment of the second radiating loop located between the two adjacent second grounding branches form the second antenna substructure. When the second radiation structure is working, the second radiation structure can be equivalent to a plurality of second antenna substructures working together, thereby further improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in the metal ring housing.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the second radiating ring includes multiple third segments, and the lengths of these third segments along the circumference of the second radiating ring are all equal. Alternatively, the multiple second grounding branches can be unevenly distributed along the circumference of the second radiating ring, which is not a limitation here. Furthermore, the at least two second grounding branches can be of equal size, thereby ensuring that the multiple second antenna substructures of the second radiating structure have equal sizes.

[0021] Specifically, the current distribution that generates the fourth resonance in the second radiation structure includes a second unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent second ground branches, and a fourth reverse current distribution on the third section of the second radiation loop located between the two adjacent second ground branches, and the fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the first radiating ring is spaced a first distance from the circuit board, and the second radiating ring is spaced a third distance from the circuit board, where the third distance is greater than zero and less than the first distance. In other words, relative to the circuit board, the first radiating ring is higher than the second radiating ring, thereby enabling the first radiating ring to radiate efficiently.

[0023] The extension direction of the multiple branches of the first radiating structure may be arranged to form an angle with the perpendicular direction of the circuit board, and the angle is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the angle between the extension direction of each branch and the perpendicular direction of the circuit board is equal, and the above-mentioned multiple branches can be arranged in sequence so that the size of each branch is the same, simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna structure.

[0025] In addition, the shape of the first radiation ring may include a circular ring, a triangle, a rectangle or other polygons, and this application does not impose any specific limitation.

[0026] In one possible implementation, along the circumferential direction of the metal ring housing, a fourth distance is provided between the first radiation ring and the metal ring housing, and the fourth distance is greater than or equal to 0.024λ. In this way, the electronic device can maintain better antenna efficiency.

[0027] In the electronic device of the present application, the metal ring housing can be electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board through a metal member and used for grounding.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the electronic device may further include a first cover plate and a second cover plate. The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively disposed at two ends of the metal ring housing and enclose the metal ring housing to form a receiving cavity. The antenna structure is disposed in the receiving cavity.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first radiating structure is disposed between the circuit board and the first cover plate. The first cover plate can serve as the display surface of the electronic device. Specifically, the first cover plate has a conductive area with an insulating gap between the conductive area and the metal ring housing. To prevent the metal ring housing from affecting the function of the conductive area, the insulating gap can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.02λ.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located within the housing. The antenna structure includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and at least two branches. Specifically, the first radiator and the second radiator are identical and symmetrically arranged. The at least two branches are connected between the first radiator and the second radiator. The antenna structure also includes a feeding point. In this antenna structure, the feeding point can be located on one of the at least two branches, or the feeding point can be located on the first radiator and adjacent to one of the at least two branches. Any two adjacent branches of the at least two branches can divide the first radiator into a first segment and a second segment, and divide the second radiator into a third segment and a fourth segment. The length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiator. The length of the fourth segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the third segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiator. The antenna structure includes multiple antenna substructures, which can be used to generate a sixth resonance. Each antenna substructure specifically includes any two adjacent branches, and a first segment and a third segment located between the any two adjacent branches.

[0031] In the electronic device of the present application, the antenna structure can generate a sixth resonance during communication. In this sixth resonance mode, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator cancel each other out, and the antenna structure radiates in a vertically polarized manner through the at least two branches. Furthermore, the antenna structure can be equivalent to multiple antenna substructures working together, thereby achieving an omnidirectional radiation pattern of the antenna structure and realizing 360-degree horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the electronic device.

[0032] The electronic device of the present application can be applied to a vehicle. In one possible implementation, the electronic device can be an in-vehicle infotainment system (telematics box, TBox), which is used to communicate with a mobile phone, a backend system, or a base station to display and control vehicle information. The electronic device can be installed in the vehicle, specifically located on the top of the vehicle, in the cabin, or in the engine compartment. In another possible implementation, the electronic device can be a vehicle key, so that the vehicle can be operated by the key from any position in the vehicle.

[0033] In one possible implementation, in each antenna substructure, the sum of the lengths of the first segment, the third segment, and the two branch segments is within a range of (0.8±0.25)λ, further improving the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna structure. λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the sixth resonance. In other words, the sum of half the length of the first segment, half the length of the third segment, and the length of a branch segment connecting the first and third segments is within a range of (0.4±0.125)λ.

[0034] In the electronic device of the present application, the first radiator and the second radiator have the same shape. Specifically, the first radiator and the second radiator may be annular radiators, for example, they may include triangles, circles, squares or other polygons. In one possible implementation, the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively radiating rings. The above-mentioned at least two branches are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiating ring, and the sizes of the above-mentioned at least two branches are equal. Of course, the first radiator and the second radiator may also be other shapes. In another possible implementation, taking the first radiator as an example, the first radiator includes at least three radiating branches, one end of each of these radiating branches converges to a point and is connected, and the other end extends in a direction away from the point and the other ends of these radiating branches are arranged along the axial direction.

[0035] Furthermore, when the length of each antenna substructure is λ, the length of each branch can be greater than the length of the first segment, thereby making the antenna structure slender and reducing the width of the antenna structure. Alternatively, the length of each branch can be less than the length of the first segment, thereby making the antenna structure short and fat, thereby reducing the height of the antenna structure.

[0036] In the present application, the current distribution that produces the sixth resonance in the antenna structure includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment. The first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reversal point.

[0037] In one possible implementation, between two adjacent branches, the first radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the first radiator is located at the current reversal point of the first segment; and / or, the second radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the second radiator is located at the current reversal point of the third segment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG3 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG2 in the first resonance mode;

[0041] FIG4 is a 3D radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure in FIG3 ;

[0042] FIG5 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure in FIG3;

[0043] FIG6 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG7 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG1 in the second resonance mode;

[0045] FIG8 is a 3D directional diagram of mode f2 of the antenna structure in FIG7 ;

[0046] FIG9 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of mode f2 of the antenna structure in FIG7 ;

[0047] FIG10 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in FIG7 after removing the first ground branch;

[0048] FIG11 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG1 in the third resonance mode;

[0049] FIG12 is a 3D directional diagram of mode f3 of the antenna structure in FIG11 ;

[0050] FIG13 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of mode f3 of the antenna structure in FIG11;

[0051] FIG14 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in FIG11 after removing the first ground branch;

[0052] FIG15 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG16 is a side view of the antenna structure in FIG15;

[0054] FIG17 is a current distribution diagram of the second radiating structure in the antenna structure of FIG15 in the fourth resonance mode;

[0055] FIG18 is another current distribution diagram of the second radiation structure in FIG15 under the fourth resonance mode;

[0056] FIG19 is a 3D directional diagram of mode f4 of the antenna structure in FIG18 ;

[0057] FIG20 is a horizontal plane pattern of mode f4 of the antenna structure in FIG18;

[0058] FIG21 is another structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG22 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG23 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG24 is a diagram of S11 of the electronic device in FIG21 ;

[0062] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of the efficiency of the electronic device in FIG21;

[0063] FIG26 is a comparison diagram of the resonant frequencies of the antenna structures with different numbers of branches in FIG15;

[0064] FIG27 is a comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna structures with different numbers of branches in FIG15;

[0065] FIG28 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG29 is a comparison diagram of S11 of the antenna structure in FIG28 with slots of different widths;

[0067] FIG30 is a diagram comparing the efficiency of the antenna structure in FIG28 with slots of different widths;

[0068] FIG31 is a schematic diagram of a first radiation ring according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG32 is another schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG33 is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG34 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG33 in the first resonance mode;

[0072] FIG35 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG33 in the second resonance mode;

[0073] FIG36 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG33 in the third resonance mode;

[0074] FIG37 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG33 in the fourth resonance mode;

[0075] FIG38 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in FIG33 in the fifth resonance mode;

[0076] FIG39 is a schematic diagram of S11 of the antenna structure in FIG33 in the first resonance, second resonance, third resonance, fourth resonance and fifth resonance modes;

[0077] FIG40 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG41 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna structure 12 in FIG40 in the sixth resonance mode;

[0079] FIG42 is a 3D directional diagram of the antenna structure in FIG40 in the sixth resonant mode;

[0080] FIG43 is an S11 diagram of the antenna structure in FIG40;

[0081] FIG44 is a schematic diagram showing the efficiency of the antenna structure in FIG40;

[0082] FIG45 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG46 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in FIG45 in the sixth resonant mode;

[0084] FIG47 is an E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in FIG45;

[0085] FIG48 is an H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in FIG45;

[0086] FIG49 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG50 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in FIG49 in the sixth resonance mode;

[0088] FIG51 is a 3D directional diagram of the antenna structure in FIG49 in the sixth resonant mode;

[0089] FIG52 is an S11 diagram of the antenna structure in FIG49;

[0090] FIG53 is a schematic diagram of the efficiency of the antenna structure in FIG49;

[0091] FIG54 is an E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in FIG49;

[0092] FIG55 is the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in FIG49.

[0093] Reference numerals:

[0094] 10-Electronic device; 11-Metal ring housing; 12-Antenna structure;

[0095] 13-circuit board; 14-first radiating structure; 15-second radiating structure;

[0096] 16-metal member; 17-first cover plate; 141-first radiation ring;

[0097] 142-branch; 151-second radiation ring; 152-second ground branch;

[0098] 121 - first radiator; 122 - second radiator; 171 - conductive area;

[0099] 1412 - gap; 1421 - power feeding branch; 1422 - first grounding branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0100] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0101] In order to facilitate understanding of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application, its application scenario is first introduced below. The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is suitable for using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (blue-tooth, BT) communication technology, global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies. The electronic device in the embodiment of the present application can be a smart home product, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, an intelligent sensing device (such as an intelligent sensing camera) or a robot, etc. The electronic device can also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, an electronic device in a 5G network or an electronic device in a public land mobile network (PLMN) in the future evolution, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0102] Any of the above-mentioned electronic devices may include the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application to realize the communication or detection function of the electronic device. In a specific embodiment, the antenna structure in the above-mentioned electronic device can be directly installed in the electronic device and electrically connected to the processor in the electronic device to realize the communication function and / or detection function of the electronic device. Alternatively, the antenna structure can be integrated into a sensor or a sensing module, and the above-mentioned sensor or sensing module can be installed in the electronic device, and the processor of the electronic device can be electrically connected to the sensor or sensing module to realize the communication function and / or detection function of the electronic device. The above-mentioned processor can specifically refer to a chip, as long as it can process data and realize at least part of the functions of the electronic device, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0103] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the terms that appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0104] Connection: can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship, that is, the connection between A and B can mean that there is a fastening component (such as a screw, bolt, rivet, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

[0105] Circuit Board: refers to a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12- to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymers, etc. In this application, a circuit board may include a signal layer and a ground layer. The signal layer is electrically coupled to a power supply and is used for signal transmission with other components of the electronic device. The ground layer is a metal layer in the circuit board that is isolated from the signal layer and is used for grounding other components of the electronic device.

[0106] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof; copper foil on an insulating substrate; aluminum foil on an insulating substrate; gold foil on an insulating substrate; silver-plated copper; silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate; silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate; cloth impregnated with graphite powder; graphite-coated substrates; copper-plated substrates; brass-plated substrates; and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0107] Signal connection: refers to the connection between a component and the signal port of the circuit board to transmit signals between the component and the circuit board.

[0108] Ground connection: refers to the connection between a certain component and the ground layer, ground plate or ground metal layer of the circuit board. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as realizing electrical connection between a specific position on the shell and the ground layer of the circuit board through some structural parts of the shell (or called physical ground), that is, not electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board through an inductor or a winding inductor. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as electrically connecting the ground layer of the circuit board through an inductor or a winding inductor (or called device ground). The limitations such as symmetry (for example, axisymmetry, or central symmetry, etc.), parallelism, perpendicularity, and sameness (for example, same size, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all for the current process level, rather than an absolutely strict definition in a mathematical sense. For example, the branches perpendicular to the circuit board may have a deviation of a predetermined angle. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle may be an angle within the range of ±20°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation may specifically be ±15°.

[0109] Radiating loop: It is a radiating conductor used to receive / transmit electromagnetic wave radiation in the antenna structure. Specifically, the radiating loop converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the radiating conductor for transmission (corresponding to the radiating loop of the transmitting antenna), where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization and radiated in the desired direction. The radiating conductor for reception (corresponding to the radiating loop of the receiving antenna) converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the receiver input.

[0110] The radiating ring may also include a groove or a gap formed on the conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed groove or gap is formed on the conductor surface of the radiating ring.

[0111] The radiating ring can be a conductor having a specific shape and size, such as a circular ring or a polygon. This application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment of this application, the radiating ring is specifically a circular ring. In this application, the radiating ring can be made using different manufacturing processes. For example, the radiating ring includes a laser direct structuring (LDS) conductive pattern, or an integrally formed / connected metal sheet / metal body.

[0112] In an embodiment of the present application, the radiation ring is connected to the circuit board via a branch. In one embodiment, the branch may include an LDS conductive pattern, an integrally formed / connected metal sheet / metal body, or a conductive via wrapped in an insulating material.

[0113] Feed branch: This refers to the connection between the antenna structure's radiating loop and the circuit board. The feed branch can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves, depending on the frequency and form.

[0114] The branch size of the present application includes length and width. Among them, length refers to the size of the branch along the extension direction, and width refers to the size of the branch along the direction perpendicular to the length. In one embodiment, the lengths and widths of multiple branches may be equal. In practical applications, the sizes of multiple branches may not be completely equal, and processing errors are allowed. In one embodiment, equal lengths or equal widths can be understood as a length difference of within 5%, or a width difference of within 5%.

[0115] End / Point: The term "end / point" in the feed end / ground end / feed point / ground point / connection point of a radiating loop cannot be narrowly understood as a single point. It can also be considered as a section of the radiating conductor on the radiating loop that includes the end point. It cannot be narrowly understood as an end point or end that is disconnected from other radiating conductors. It can also be considered as a point or section on a continuous radiating loop. In one embodiment, an "end / point" can include the end point of the radiating loop at a gap. For example, the first end of the radiating loop can be considered as a section of the radiating body within 5 mm (for example, 2 mm) of the gap. In one embodiment, an "end / point" can include a connection / coupling area on the radiating loop that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feed end / feed point can be a coupling area on the radiating loop that is coupled to a feed branch (for example, an area facing a portion of the feed branch). For another example, the ground end / ground point can be a connection / coupling area on the radiating loop that is coupled to a ground structure or ground circuit.

[0116] The same direction / reverse current distribution mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is the same direction / reverse direction. In one embodiment, the same direction current distribution on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having no reverse point. In one embodiment, the reverse current distribution on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reverse point. In one embodiment, the same direction current distribution on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reverse point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the reverse current distribution on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reverse point and flowing in opposite directions. The same direction / reverse direction of current on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0117] Antenna pattern: also known as radiation pattern. This refers to a graph showing how the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiation field varies with direction at a given distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two perpendicular plane patterns passing through the antenna's direction of maximum radiation. Antenna patterns typically have multiple radiation beams. The beam with the highest radiation intensity is called the main lobe, while the remaining beams are called side lobes. Among the side lobes, those in the opposite direction of the main lobe are also called back lobes.

[0118] Antenna Gain: This is used to measure how well an antenna radiates input power. Generally, the narrower the main lobe of an antenna pattern and the smaller the side lobes, the higher the antenna gain.

[0119] Resonant frequency: Also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, i.e., the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be the frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency minus the point frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0120] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0121] Working frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (band width). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 band has an operating frequency band that includes frequencies in the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the antenna's working frequency band. The width of the working frequency band is called the working bandwidth. The working bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The working bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. The bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (for example, the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable value range of the center frequency.

[0122] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same or different, or their frequency ranges may partially overlap. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency band of the antenna may cover multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0123] Wavelength λ: Also called the operating wavelength, this can be the free-space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency or the free-space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna's operating frequency band. For example, if the center frequency of the antenna's uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the free-space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency or a non-center frequency of the operating frequency band.

[0124] Return loss is defined as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the power transmitted from the antenna port. A smaller reflected signal indicates a larger signal radiated from the antenna, and thus a higher antenna radiation efficiency. A larger reflected signal indicates a smaller signal radiated from the antenna, and thus a lower antenna radiation efficiency.

[0125] Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power - power loss. Power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Both metal loss and dielectric loss affect radiation efficiency.

[0126] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0127] dB: Decibel, a logarithmic scale with a base of ten. The decibel scale is used only to measure the proportional relationship between one physical quantity and another; it itself has no physical dimension. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, the difference between them is expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = 100, B = 10, C = 5, and D = 1. Then, A / D = 20dB; B / D = 10dB; C / D = 7dB; and B / C = 3dB. In other words, a 10dB difference between two quantities is a 10-fold difference, a 20dB difference is a 100-fold difference, and so on. A 3dB difference is a 2-fold difference.

[0128] dBi: Often mentioned together with dBd. dBi and dBd are units of power gain. Both are relative values, but they are referenced to different parameters. The reference for dBi is an omnidirectional antenna; the reference for dBd is a dipole. It is generally believed that dBi and dBd represent the same gain, with the value expressed in dBi being 2.15 dBi greater than the value expressed in dBd. For example, for an antenna with a gain of 16 dBd, its gain, when converted to dBi, is 18.15 dBi. Generally, the decimal places are ignored and the value is 18 dBi.

[0129] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0130] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can characterize the quality of the antenna transmission efficiency. In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the part of the resonance shown in the S11 diagram that is less than -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the antenna return loss is, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself is, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna is; the larger the S11 parameter is, the greater the antenna return loss is, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna is.

[0131] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0132] The following uses a smart push button switch as an example to illustrate an electronic device with an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the electronic device 10 in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing and an antenna structure 12. Specifically, the antenna structure 12 is arranged inside the housing, and the antenna structure 12 includes a circuit board 13. In the present application, the housing may include a metal ring housing 11. The circuit board 13 includes a floor or ground layer. The metal ring housing 11 extends in an axial direction (the direction shown by the dotted line in Figure 1), and the axial direction of the metal ring housing 11 is arranged at an angle to the circuit board 13. For example, in a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the axial direction of the metal ring housing 11 is arranged at a 90-degree angle to the circuit board 13, that is, the axial direction of the metal ring housing 11 is perpendicular to the circuit board 13. Figure 1 only takes the electronic device 10 as an example of a smart push button switch. In actual application, the electronic device 10 in the embodiment of the present application can also be a terminal device such as a smart button, a smart bracelet or a tablet computer, and this application does not limit this.

[0133] With the increasing popularity of personalized customization, demands for the overall aesthetics of electronic devices are increasing. To achieve diverse appearances and textures, electronic device casings can be made of various materials, such as plastic, metal, and wood. For example, metal casings, when encased in antenna structures, can negatively impact antenna performance. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure user-friendly customization while also enhancing antenna radiation performance.

[0134] Therefore, the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device to achieve a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation pattern of the antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in a metal ring housing.

[0135] It should be noted that the terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and claims of this application, the singular expressions "a," "an," "said," "above," "the," and "this" are intended to include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0136] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0137] Continuing with Figure 1 , in the embodiment of the present application, the outer surface of the metal ring housing 11 can serve as part of the exterior appearance of the electronic device 10. In practical applications, the metal ring housing 11 can be an annular housing formed from a metal sheet. The axial extension of the metal ring housing 11 can be understood as meaning that the thickness of the metal ring housing 11 (i.e., the thickness of the metal sheet) is less than the axial length of the metal ring housing 11.

[0138] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the antenna structure 12 further includes a first radiating structure 14. Specifically, the first radiating structure 14 includes a first radiating ring 141 and multiple branches 142. The axial direction of the first radiating ring 141 is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring housing 11. In other words, the axial direction of the first radiating ring 141 is arranged at an angle to the circuit board 13. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, parallel axial directions can mean that the two axial directions are in the same direction but the two axes do not overlap; or it can also mean that the two axial directions are in the same direction and the two axes overlap. The multiple branches 142 are located between the first radiating ring 141 and the circuit board 13 and electrically connect the first radiating ring 141 and the circuit board 13. These branches 142 are distributed along the circumference of the first radiating ring 141. Specifically, the multiple branches 142 include a feed branch 1421 and at least one first ground branch 1422. Among them, the feed branch 1421 is signal-connected to the circuit board 13, that is, the feed branch 1421 is electrically connected to the signal layer of the circuit board 13. The at least one first grounding branch 1422 is ground-connected to the circuit board 13, that is, the first grounding branch 1422 is electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board 13. In one embodiment, the at least two first grounding branches 1422 may be electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board 13 without passing through an inductor or a winding inductor, that is, the first grounding branch 1422 is directly electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board 13. In the present application, the specific number of the first grounding branches 1422 is not limited, for example, the at least one first grounding branch 1422 may include one, two, three, four, six or eight. The specific number of the first grounding branches 1422 can be determined based on the circumference of the first radiation ring 141, the length of the first grounding branch 1422, and the target operating frequency band of the antenna structure 12. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, the number of the first grounding branches 1422 is 4 for illustration.

[0139] FIG3 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in FIG2 in the first resonance mode. As shown in FIG3 , the first radiating structure 14 is used to generate the first resonance. Specifically, any two adjacent branches 142 can divide the first radiating ring 141 into a first section and a second section. The length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141 is greater than the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141. The first radiating structure 14 includes multiple first antenna substructures (as shown by the dotted lines in FIG3 ), each of which includes two adjacent branches 142 and a first section of the first radiating ring 141 located between the two adjacent branches 142. In the first resonance mode, the first radiating structure 14 can be equivalent to a plurality of first antenna substructures connected together, thereby achieving a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure 12, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure 12 within the metal ring shell 11.

[0140] Please continue to refer to Figure 3. In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring 141, and may specifically include one feeding branch 1421 and four first grounding branches 1422. In this embodiment, the first radiation structure 14 includes five first antenna substructures. When the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, each first antenna substructure generates a 0.5λ loop antenna pattern, and the current distribution on each first antenna substructure is similar. Specifically, the current distribution of a single first antenna substructure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches 142, and a first reverse current distribution on the segment of the first radiation ring 141 located between the two branches 142, wherein the first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point (also referred to as a current minimum point). At this time, the first radiation structure 14 generates a fundamental mode f1, that is, a first resonant mode. Figure 4 is a 3D radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a horizontal plane radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure in Figure 3. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, when the multiple branches 142 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation loop 141 and the multiple branches 142 are of the same size, the multiple first antenna substructures formed by the multiple branches 142 and the first radiation loop 141 are the same, and each first antenna substructure has the same current distribution. Each branch 142 (including the feed branch 1421 and the first ground branch 1422) has a current distribution in the same direction, and the current of the first radiation loop 141 is reversed between adjacent branches 142. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the antenna structure 12 of this embodiment has good horizontal plane coverage in this first resonant mode, and the horizontal plane non-circularity is within 2dB. The length of the segment of the first radiation ring 141 between two adjacent branches 142 is d1, and the lengths of the two adjacent branches 142 are d2 and d3, respectively. The sum of d1, d2, and d3 is equal to (0.5±0.125)λ. For example, the sum of d1, d2, and d3 can be equal to 0.375λ, 0.46λ, 0.489λ, 0.5λ, 0.56λ, 0.6λ, 0.613λ, 0.625λ, etc., without specific limitation. λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance.

[0141] It should be noted that the uniform distribution of the plurality of branches 142 along the circumference of the first radiation ring 141 means that the length of the first segment between any two adjacent branches 142 is equal. The same size of the plurality of branches 142 means that the plurality of branches 142 have the same length along the extension direction (such as the vertical direction in FIG. 3 ), the same width perpendicular to the length direction, and the same angle between the extension direction and the circuit board 13.

[0142] FIG6 is another structural diagram of the electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , in actual applications, due to different manufacturing processes of the branches 142, the angle θ between the extension direction of the branches 142 and the perpendicular direction of the circuit board 13 may not be equal, for example, the angle θ may be less than or equal to 45 degrees. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 may be LDS conductive patterns, and have equal sizes. Specifically, the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 may be tilted in a counterclockwise direction in sequence, so that each branch 142 is evenly arranged, simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna structure 12. In the present application, the branches 142 with different tilt angles have little effect on the resonant frequency and radiation pattern of the first resonant mode, the radiation efficiency difference is within 0.2dB, and the efficiency of the electronic device 10 at 2.4GHz is about -3dB.

[0143] In practical applications, the electronic device 10 can be used to generate multiple operating modes. Depending on the specific application requirements, the electronic device 10 can meet the requirements of dual-frequency or multi-frequency scenarios. Figure 7 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in Figure 1 in the second resonance mode. As shown in Figure 7, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiating ring 141, the first radiating ring 141 can also be used to generate a second resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the above-mentioned first resonance. The second resonance mode corresponds to the 1λ mode of the first radiating ring 141, that is, the mode f2 of the antenna structure 12. The mode f2 is a 1λ convection mode, and its current distribution includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiating ring 141, with two current reversal points. The 3D radiation pattern and horizontal plane radiation pattern of the mode f2 are shown in Figures 8 and 9, where Figure 8 is the 3D radiation pattern of the mode f2 of the antenna structure in Figure 7, and Figure 9 is the horizontal plane radiation pattern of the mode f2 of the antenna structure in Figure 7. In the second resonance mode, the presence of the at least one first grounding branch 1422 does not affect whether the second resonance mode exists. Figure 10 shows the current distribution after removing the first grounding branch from the first radiating structure in Figure 7. As shown in Figure 10, the second resonant mode still exists even after removing first grounding branch 1422. Specifically, the presence of first grounding branch 1422 acts as an inductive load for first radiating loop 141, causing a frequency deviation in the second resonant mode.

[0144] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating loop 141, the first radiating loop 141 can also be used to generate a third resonance. Figure 11 shows the current distribution of the first radiating structure in Figure 1 under the third resonance mode. As shown in Figure 11, the first radiating loop 141 generates a 2λ mode of the first radiating loop 141, i.e., the third resonance mode. This 2λ mode is a higher-order mode of mode f2, i.e., mode f3. The current distribution of mode f3 includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop, with four current reversal points. The 3D and horizontal plane patterns of this higher-order mode f3 are shown in Figures 12 and 13, where Figure 12 shows the 3D pattern of mode f3 of the antenna structure in Figure 11, and Figure 13 shows the horizontal plane pattern of mode f3 of the antenna structure in Figure 11. In the third resonance mode, the presence of the at least one first grounding branch 1422 does not affect the existence of the third resonance mode. Figure 14 shows the current distribution of the first radiating structure in Figure 11 without the first grounding branch. As shown in FIG14 , the third resonance mode still exists after the first grounding branch 1422 is deleted. The existence of the first grounding branch 1422 acts as an inductive load on the first radiation loop 141 , causing the frequency of the first radiation loop 141 to deviate in the third resonance mode.

[0145] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 16 is a side view of the antenna structure in Figure 15 . As shown in Figures 15 and 16 , in addition to the resonance generated by the first radiating ring 141 itself, the antenna structure 12 may also include a second radiating structure 15. The second radiating structure 15 includes a second radiating ring 151 and at least two second grounding branches 152 to generate additional resonances. Specifically, the axial direction of the second radiating ring 151 is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiating ring 141. The second radiating rings 151 are spaced apart from the outer circumference of the first radiating ring 141. The minimum inner diameter of the second radiating ring 151 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiating ring 141 and smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the metal ring housing 11. The at least two second grounding branches 152 are connected between the second radiating ring 151 and the circuit board 13 and are arranged along the axial direction of the second radiating ring 151. Figure 17 is a current distribution diagram of the second radiating structure in the antenna structure of Figure 15 in the fourth resonant mode, and Figure 18 is another current distribution diagram of the second radiating structure in Figure 15 in the fourth resonant mode. Figure 17 is a bottom view of the antenna structure of Figure 15, and Figure 18 is a bottom view of the second radiating structure of Figure 15. As shown in Figures 17 and 18, in the electronic device 10, the second radiating loop 151 is used to generate the fourth resonance. Specifically, any two adjacent second ground branches 152 can divide the second radiating structure 15 into a third section and a fourth section. The length of the fourth end along the circumferential direction of the second radiating loop 151 is greater than the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiating loop 151. The second radiating structure 15 includes multiple second antenna substructures (shown by dashed lines in Figure 18), and the current distribution on each second antenna substructure is similar. Each second antenna substructure comprises any two adjacent second grounding branches 152 and a segment of the second radiating loop 151 between them (as shown by the dotted line in FIG18 ). Each second antenna substructure comprises two adjacent second grounding branches 152 and a third segment of the second radiating loop 151 located between the two adjacent second grounding branches 152. Therefore, in the fourth resonant mode, the second radiating structure 15 can be equivalent to a plurality of second antenna substructures connected together, thereby further improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure 12 within the metal ring housing 11. The current distribution of a single second antenna substructure includes a second unidirectional current distribution on the two adjacent second grounding branches 152 and a fourth reverse current distribution on the segment of the second radiating loop 151 located between the two second grounding branches 152. The fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point. At this point, the second radiating structure 15 generates mode f4, i.e., the fourth resonant mode. FIG19 shows the 3D directional pattern of mode f4 of the antenna structure in FIG18 , and FIG20 shows the horizontal directional pattern of mode f4 of the antenna structure in FIG18 . Therefore, the antenna structure 12 has better omnidirectional radiation in the fourth resonance mode.

[0146] Figure 21 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 21, in one embodiment, the axial height of the metal ring housing 11 can be 0.22λ, wherein the axial height of the metal ring housing 11 on the side of the circuit board 13 facing the first radiating structure 14 can be 0.11λ. In other words, the circuit board 13 is located within the metal ring housing 11 and centered along the height of the metal ring housing 11. Figure 22 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 1 and 22, in an embodiment of the present application, the metal ring housing 11 can be grounded to the circuit board 13 via a metal member 16. Specifically, the metal member 16 can be an annular metal member. The annular metal member and the metal ring housing 11 can be integrally formed, or fixedly connected by bonding or welding. Furthermore, the metal member 16 can be grounded to the circuit board 13 via multiple grounding posts, which can be bolts or pins. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 21, the metal ring housing 11 can be directly grounded to the circuit board 13 via multiple grounding posts. Figure 23 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 23, the metal ring shell 11 may not be grounded to the circuit board 13. In the embodiment shown in Figure 21, the multiple branches 142 of the first radiating structure 14 may include a feed branch 1421 and four first ground branches 1422, and each branch 142 is perpendicular to the circuit board 13. The length of each branch 142 is 0.09λ. The circumference of the first radiating ring 141 is 0.55λ, the circumference of the second radiating ring 151 is 1.15λ, and the distance between the second radiating ring 151 and the circuit board 13 is 0.044λ. It should be noted that the dimensions of the various components in this embodiment are for illustration only and do not specifically limit the dimensions of the components. The above-mentioned electronic device 10 can be applied to multi-frequency application scenarios. Among them, the antenna structure 12 includes a first resonant mode (f1 includes 2.45GHz), a second resonant mode (f2 includes 3.4GHz), a third resonant mode (f3 includes 4.9GHz), and a fourth resonant mode (f4 includes 5.5GHz). The electronic device 10 of this embodiment can be used in dual-band applications at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. Figure 24 is an S11 diagram of the electronic device in Figure 21, and Figure 25 is an efficiency diagram of the electronic device in Figure 21. The antenna structure 12 of this electronic device 10 has an efficiency within -3 dB at all operating frequencies and exhibits good out-of-roundness in the first resonant mode.

[0147] In the above embodiment, the distance between the first radiating ring 141 and the metal ring housing 11 is greater than or equal to 0.024λ. This allows the electronic device 10 to maintain good antenna efficiency. Furthermore, on the side of the circuit board 13 facing the first radiating structure 14, the distance between the end surface of the metal ring housing 11 facing away from the circuit board 13 and the circuit board 13 is less than or equal to 0.22λ.

[0148] In one embodiment, a first distance is defined between first radiating ring 141 and circuit board 13, and a second distance is defined between second radiating ring 151 and circuit board 13, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance. In other words, relative to circuit board 13, the height of first radiating ring 141 is greater than the height of second radiating ring 151, thereby enabling efficient radiation from first radiating ring 141.

[0149] In the present application, the width of the first grounding branch 1422 has little effect on the standing wave of the antenna structure 12. Specifically, first grounding branches 1422 of different widths will cause the fundamental mode f1 to produce a frequency deviation, while having little effect on mode f2, mode f3, and mode f4. Figure 26 is a comparison diagram of the resonant frequencies of the antenna structures with different numbers of branches in Figure 15, and Figure 27 is a comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna structures with different numbers of branches in Figure 15. As shown in Figures 26 and 27, when the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 are perpendicular to the circuit board 13 and the first radiation ring 141, in the first resonant mode, the number of branches 142 decreases, causing the resonant length of each first antenna substructure to lengthen, and the resonance to shift toward low frequency; the number of branches 142 increases, causing the resonant length of each first antenna substructure to shorten, and the resonance to shift toward high frequency. In the second resonant mode, when the number of branches 142 is different, the loading amount of the antenna structure 12 changes. Specifically, when the number of branches 142 decreases, it shifts toward low frequency, and when the number of branches 142 increases, it shifts toward high frequency. In addition, as shown in Figure 26, the number of branches 142 has relatively little effect on the third and fourth resonance modes. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 27, the change in the number of vertically arranged branches 142 has little effect on the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 12, with the difference within 0.5 dB.

[0150] In the above embodiment, when the resonant frequency of the fourth resonant mode needs to be adjusted, this can be achieved by adjusting the number of second ground branches 152. In addition, by changing the circumference of the first radiation ring 141 and the height of the branches 142, the frequency ratio of modes f2 and f3 to the fundamental mode f1 can be adjusted.

[0151] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 28, between two adjacent branches 142, the first segment of the first radiating loop 141 has a gap 1412 (or slot). This gap 1412 is located in the middle region of the first segment. The length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating loop 141 is L, and the middle region refers to the area between L / 5 and L / 3 of the length of the first segment on either side of the midpoint of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiating loop 141.

[0152] In one embodiment, the fundamental mode f1 current zero point (i.e., the current reversal point) is located at the midpoint of the length of the first segment. Slot 1412 can be positioned at this current reversal point, thereby reducing the impact of slot 1412 on the current distribution of the first antenna substructure. Figure 29 compares the S11 values ​​of the antenna structure in Figure 28 with slots of varying widths, and Figure 30 compares the efficiency of the antenna structure in Figure 28 with slots of varying widths. As shown in Figures 29 and 30, slots 1412 of varying widths do not affect the existence of the resonant modes of antenna structure 12, but do produce a certain frequency deviation. For the first resonant mode, the frequency of the slot 1412 is lower than that of the slot 1412, while the width of the slot 1412 does not affect the frequency. For the second resonant mode, the slot creates a higher frequency deviation, and the wider the slot 1412, the higher the frequency. For the third resonant mode, the slot creates a higher frequency deviation, and the wider the slot 1412, the higher the frequency. For the fourth resonant mode, the impact of the slot is relatively small. Therefore, the efficiency difference between the antenna structure 12 with and without slots is within 0.5 dB, which has a relatively small impact.

[0153] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the first radiating ring in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 28 and 31, the shape of the first radiating ring 141 can include a circular ring or an elliptical ring; alternatively, the shape of the first radiating ring 141 can include a polygonal shape, such as a rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, or octagon. Of course, the shape of the first radiating ring 141 can also include other irregular shapes, which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0154] Figure 32 is another schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 32, when the electronic device 10 is specifically set up, the electronic device 10 may also include a first cover plate 17 and a second cover plate (not shown in the figure). The first cover plate 17 and the second cover plate are respectively arranged at both ends of the metal ring shell 11, and are surrounded by the metal ring shell 11 to form a accommodating cavity. The circuit board 13 and the antenna structure 12 are arranged in the accommodating cavity. The above-mentioned first cover plate 17 can also be used as a display surface of the electronic device 10. Specifically, the first cover plate 17 is insulated and connected to the metal ring shell 11. The first cover plate 17 has a conductive area 171, and there is a gap between the conductive area 171 and the metal ring shell 11. In order to prevent the metal ring shell 11 from affecting the function of the conductive area 171, the above-mentioned gap can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.02λ.

[0155] In practical applications, due to limitations in layout space, manufacturing process technology, etc., the plurality of branches 142 may be non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring.

[0156] FIG33 is another schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG33 , the antenna structure 12 includes a first radiating structure 14. The first radiating structure 14 includes a first radiating ring 141 and a plurality of branches 142. The plurality of branches 142 include a feed branch 1421 and a first ground branch 1422. The feed branch 1421 and the first ground branch 1422 are asymmetrically arranged along the first radiating ring 141, and divide the first radiating ring 141 into a first radiating ring segment a and a second radiating ring segment b. The length of the first radiating ring segment a along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141 is greater than the length of the second radiating ring segment b along the circumferential direction of the first radiating ring 141. When the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating loop 141, the feed branch 1421, the first ground branch 1422, and the first radiating loop segment a form a third antenna substructure. The feed branch 1421, the first ground branch 1422, and the second radiating loop segment b form a fourth antenna substructure. The current distributions on the third and fourth antenna substructures are similar. Figure 34 shows the current distribution of the first radiating structure in Figure 33 in the first resonant mode. As shown in Figure 34, specifically, the current distribution of the third antenna substructure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches 142, and a reverse current distribution on the first radiating loop segment a and the second radiating loop segment b. The reverse current distributions on the first radiating loop segment a and the second radiating loop segment b each have a current reversal point. At this time, the first radiating structure 14 generates the fundamental mode f1, i.e., the first resonant mode. Because the circumference of the first radiating loop segment a is greater than the circumference of the second radiating loop segment b, the current distribution on the second radiating loop segment b is weaker than the current distribution on the first radiating loop segment a. When the circumference of the first radiation ring segment a is much larger than the circumference of the second radiation ring segment b, the current distribution on the second radiation ring segment b can be ignored. At this time, the fundamental mode f1 is mainly generated by the third antenna substructure formed by the feed branch 1421, the first ground branch 1422 and the first radiation ring segment a.

[0157] Of course, the above-mentioned electronic device 10 can also be used to generate multiple working modes. According to specific application requirements, the electronic device 10 can meet the requirements of dual-frequency or multi-frequency scenarios. Figure 35 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in Figure 33 under the second resonance mode. As shown in Figure 35, in one embodiment, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the first radiation ring 141 can also be used to generate a second resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the above-mentioned first resonance. The second resonance mode corresponds to the 1λ mode of the first radiation ring 141, that is, the mode f2 of the antenna structure 12. The mode f2 is a 1λ convection mode, and its current distribution includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring 141, with two current reversal points.

[0158] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating loop 141, the first radiating loop 141 can also be used to generate a third resonance. Figure 36 shows the current distribution of the first radiating structure in Figure 33 in the third resonance mode. As shown in Figure 36, in this embodiment, the third resonance corresponds to the 1.5λ mode of the antenna structure 12, represented as a higher-order mode of the antenna structure 12, namely mode f3. This mode f3 is a higher-order mode of the fundamental mode f1, and the resonant frequency of the third resonance is higher than the resonant frequency of the first resonance.

[0159] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating loop 141, the first radiating loop 141 can also be used to generate a fourth resonance. Figure 37 shows the current distribution of the first radiating structure in Figure 33 in the fourth resonance mode. As shown in Figure 37, in this embodiment, the fourth resonance corresponds to the 2λ mode of the antenna structure, represented as a higher-order mode of the antenna structure 12, namely mode f4. This mode f4 is a higher-order mode of mode f2, and the resonant frequency of the fourth resonance is higher than the resonant frequency of the third resonance.

[0160] In another embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating loop 141, the first radiating loop 141 can also be used to generate a fifth resonance. Figure 38 is a current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in Figure 33 in the fifth resonance mode. As shown in Figure 38, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating loop 141, the first radiating loop 141 can generate a fifth resonance, corresponding to the 0.5λ mode of the antenna structure 12, represented as mode f5 of the antenna structure 12. The current distribution of this mode 5 includes unidirectional currents on the feed branch 1421 and the first ground branch 1422, and reverse currents on the second radiating loop segment b, which have a current reversal point. Therefore, mode f5 is primarily generated by the fourth antenna substructure formed by the feed branch 1421, the first ground branch 1422, and the second radiating loop segment b.

[0161] In a specific embodiment, when the feed branch 1421 feeds the first radiating loop 141, the first radiating loop 141 can be used to generate a first resonance, a second resonance, a third resonance, a fourth resonance, and a fifth resonance. Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of S11 of the antenna structure in Figure 33 in the first resonance, second resonance, third resonance, fourth resonance, and fifth resonance modes. As shown in Figure 39, the antenna structure 12 of this embodiment can generate multiple operating modes and can be applied to dual-band or multi-band application scenarios.

[0162] Figure 40 is another schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 40, in some other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 10 includes a housing (not shown) and an antenna structure 12, which is disposed inside the housing. The antenna structure 12 specifically includes a first radiator 121, a second radiator 122, and at least two branches 142. The first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are identical and symmetrically arranged. In other words, the shape of the first radiator 121 is identical to that of the second radiator 122, and the size of the first radiator 121 is identical to that of the second radiator 122. The at least two branches 142 are connected between the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122. That is, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are disposed opposite each other, and the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the branches 142.

[0163] In the present application, the specific number of branches 142 is not limited, for example, the at least two branches 142 may include two, three, four, six or eight branches 142, etc. In the embodiment shown in FIG40 , the number of branches 142 is 3 for illustration.

[0164] Continuing with FIG40 , the antenna structure 12 further includes a feeding point F. The feeding point F may be located on one of the at least two branches 142 . Alternatively, the feeding point F may be located on the first radiator 121 and disposed near one of the at least two branches 142 .

[0165] The antenna structure 12 of the above embodiment can be used to generate the sixth resonance. As shown in Figure 40, the feed point F can be located on a branch 142. Specifically, of the at least two branches 142, any two adjacent branches 142 can divide the first radiator 121 into a first segment and a second segment, and can divide the second radiator 122 into a third segment and a fourth segment. The length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiator 121 is greater than or equal to the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiator 121, and the length of the fourth segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiator 122 is greater than or equal to the length of the third segment along the circumferential direction of the second radiator 122. In the sixth resonance mode, the antenna structure 12 can be equivalent to a plurality of connected antenna substructures. Each antenna substructure specifically includes any two adjacent branches 142, and the first and third segments located between any two adjacent branches 142. Figure 41 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna structure 12 in Figure 40 under the sixth resonance mode. As shown in FIG41 , the current distribution of the sixth resonance generated by the antenna structure 12 includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment. The first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reversal point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates a fundamental mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9 GHz). FIG42 is a 3D directional diagram of the antenna structure in FIG40 in the sixth resonance mode. As shown in FIG42 , in the sixth resonance mode of the antenna structure 12, the current direction on the first radiator 121 is opposite to the current direction on the second radiator 122, so that the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 can cancel each other. Therefore, the antenna structure 12 radiates in a vertically polarized manner through the above-mentioned at least two branches 142. FIG43 is an S11 diagram of the antenna structure in FIG40, and FIG44 is an efficiency diagram of the antenna structure in FIG40. As shown in Figures 43 and 44, the antenna structure 12 is equivalent to multiple antenna substructures working together, thereby realizing the omnidirectional radiation pattern of the antenna structure 12 to achieve 360-degree horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the electronic device 10, and the zero-point gain can be increased by 8dB.

[0166] The electronic device 10 of the above embodiment can be used in a vehicle. For example, in one embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be an in-vehicle infotainment system (telematics box, TBox), which is used to communicate with multiple electronic systems such as mobile phones, backend systems, or base stations to display and control vehicle information. The electronic device 10 can be installed in the vehicle, specifically on the roof, in the cabin, or in the engine compartment, to communicate with various electronic devices located anywhere inside the vehicle or anywhere outside the vehicle. In this embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be integrated with other electronic devices in the vehicle, in which case the housing can serve as a mounting bracket for the antenna structure 12. Alternatively, the electronic device 10 can be a standalone device, in which case the outer surface of the housing can serve as the exterior surface of the electronic device 10. In another embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be a car key, allowing key operation of the vehicle from any position. In this embodiment, the housing can be the housing of the car key. In practical applications of the electronic device 10 of this application, the housing can be made of a non-metallic material. Of course, the housing can also be partially made of a metal material, without specific limitation.

[0167] In one embodiment, in each antenna substructure, the sum of the lengths of the first segment, the third segment, and the two branches 142 is within a range of (0.8±0.25)λ, further improving the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna structure 12. In other words, the sum of half the length of the first segment, half the length of the third segment, and the length of a branch 142 connecting the first and third segments is within a range of (0.4±0.125)λ, where λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the sixth resonance.

[0168] In practical applications, the shape of the antenna structure 12 can be specifically configured based on the application scenario. For example, as shown in FIG40 , in one embodiment, the length of each branch 142 can be greater than the length of the first segment, so that the antenna structure 12 has a slender shape, thereby reducing the width of the antenna structure 12. FIG45 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG45 , in another embodiment, the length of each branch 142 can also be less than the length of the first segment, so that the antenna structure 12 has a short and fat shape, thereby reducing the height of the antenna structure 12.

[0169] Continuing with FIG. 45 , in the electronic device 10 of the present application, the number of branches 142 can also be one. FIG. 46 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in FIG. 45 in the sixth resonant mode, FIG. 47 shows the E-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in FIG. 45 , and FIG. 48 shows the H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in FIG. 45 . As shown in FIG. 46 , FIG. 47 , and FIG. 48 , when the number of branches 142 is reduced to one, the feed point F can be located on the first radiator 121 and close to the branch 142. The current reversal point on the first radiator 121 can be located opposite the feed point F, and the current reversal point on the second radiator 122 can be located at the connection point between the branch 142 and the second radiator 122. In this way, in the sixth resonant mode, the currents on the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 can still cancel each other out, and vertically polarized radiation can be achieved directly. In other words, the number of branches 142 does not affect the vertically polarized radiation of the antenna structure 12.

[0170] As shown in Figures 40 and 45 , the first radiator 121 may have a slot or slit between two adjacent branches 142, with the slot or slit of the first radiator 121 located at the current reversal point of the first segment. Similarly, the second radiator 122 may also have a slot or slit, with the slot or slit of the second radiator 122 located at the current reversal point of the third segment.

[0171] In the electronic device 10 of the present application, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 have the same shape. Specifically, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 may be ring-shaped radiators, for example, triangular, circular, square, or other polygonal shapes. As shown in Figures 40 and 45, in one embodiment, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are each radiating ring. The at least two branches 142 are equidistantly spaced along the circumference of the radiating ring and have equal dimensions. Of course, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 may also have other shapes.

[0172] Figure 49 is a schematic diagram of another structure of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 49, in another embodiment, taking the first radiator 121 as an example, the first radiator 121 includes at least three radiating branches, each of which has one end converging to a point and connected, and the other end extending away from the point, and the other ends of the radiating branches are arranged along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the angles between any two adjacent radiating branches are equal. Figure 50 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in Figure 49 in the sixth resonant mode. As shown in Figure 50, the current on the first radiator 121 flows from the other end of the radiating branch to the one end, and the current on the second radiator 122 flows from the one end of the radiating branch to the other end. Figure 51 is a 3D directional pattern of the antenna structure in Figure 49 in the sixth resonant mode, Figure 52 is an S11 diagram of the antenna structure in Figure 49, Figure 53 is an efficiency diagram of the antenna structure in Figure 49, Figure 54 is an E-plane directional pattern of the antenna structure in Figure 49, and Figure 55 is an H-plane directional pattern of the antenna structure in Figure 49. As shown in Figures 51 to 55 , in the sixth resonance mode, the current in the first radiator 121 and the current in the second radiator 122 can still cancel each other out, and vertically polarized radiation is directly achieved. Therefore, as long as the current in the first radiator 121 and the current in the second radiator 122 are reversed to achieve horizontally polarized current cancellation, the shapes of the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 will not affect the vertically polarized radiation of the antenna structure 12.

[0173] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located in the housing, wherein: The housing includes a metal ring housing extending in an axial direction; The antenna structure includes a circuit board and a first radiation structure arranged on one side of the circuit board; The first radiation structure includes a first radiation ring and a plurality of branches; the axial direction of the first radiation ring is set at an angle with the circuit board, and the axial direction of the first radiation ring is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring shell; the plurality of branches are arranged between the first radiation ring and the circuit board along the circumference of the first radiation ring, and electrically connect the first radiation ring and the circuit board; the plurality of branches include a feeding branch and at least two first grounding branches, the feeding branch is electrically connected to the signal layer of the circuit board and is used to feed the first radiation ring, and the at least two first grounding branches are electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board and are used for grounding; Any two adjacent branches divide the first radiation loop into a first segment and a second segment, and the length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiation loop is greater than the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiation loop; the first radiation structure includes a plurality of first antenna substructures, and the plurality of first antenna substructures are used to generate a first resonance; each of the first antenna substructures includes two adjacent branches, and the first segment of the first radiation loop located between the two adjacent branches.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiation ring is at a first distance from the circuit board; on the side of the circuit board facing the first radiation structure, the end of the metal ring shell away from the circuit board has a second distance from the circuit board, the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the second distance is less than or equal to 0.22λ, wherein λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first radiation ring includes a plurality of the first segments, and the lengths of the plurality of first segments along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring are all equal, and the sizes of the plurality of branches are equal.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the first segment is d1, the lengths of the two adjacent branches are d2 and d3 respectively, and the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is within the range of (0.5±0.125)λ.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The current distribution of the first radiation structure generating the first resonance includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches and a first reverse current distribution on the first section of the first radiation loop located between the two adjacent branches, and the first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

6. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first radiation ring has a groove or a gap between two adjacent branches, and the groove or the gap is located in the middle area of ​​the first section.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first radiation ring is used to generate a second resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance; The current distribution of the first radiation ring generating the second resonance includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring, and the second reverse current distribution has two current reverse points.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first radiation loop is further used to generate a third resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the third resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance; The current distribution of the first radiation ring generating the third resonance includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring, and the third reverse current distribution has four current reverse points.

9. The electronic device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The antenna structure further includes a second radiation structure, which includes a second radiation ring and at least two second ground branches; the axial direction of the second radiation ring is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiation ring, and the minimum inner diameter of the second radiation ring is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiation ring; the at least two second ground branches are arranged between the second radiation ring and the circuit board along the circumference of the second radiation ring, and electrically connect the second radiation ring and the circuit board; Any two adjacent second grounding branches divide the second radiation ring into a third section and a fourth section, and the length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring is greater than the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring; The second radiation structure includes a plurality of second antenna substructures, and the plurality of second antenna substructures are used to generate a fourth resonance; each of the second antenna substructures includes two adjacent second ground branches and the third section of the second radiation loop located between the two adjacent second ground branches.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second radiation ring includes a plurality of the third segments, and the lengths of the third segments along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring are all equal, and the sizes of the at least two second ground branches are equal.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The current distribution generated by the second radiation structure for generating the fourth resonance includes a second unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent second ground branches, and a fourth reverse current distribution on the third segment of the second radiation loop located between the two adjacent second ground branches, and the fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The second radiation ring is at a third distance from the circuit board, and the third distance is greater than zero and less than the first distance.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: Along the circumferential direction of the metal ring shell, there is a fourth distance between the first radiation ring and the metal ring shell, and the fourth distance is greater than or equal to 0.024λ.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located in the housing, wherein: The antenna structure comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and at least two branches; the first radiator and the second radiator are identical and symmetrically arranged; the at least two branches are connected between the first radiator and the second radiator; The antenna structure further includes a feeding point; the feeding point is located at one of the at least two branches, or the feeding point is located at the first radiator and is arranged close to one of the at least two branches; Any two adjacent branches of the at least two branches divide the first radiator into a first section and a second section, and divide the second radiator into a third section and a fourth section; the length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator; the length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator; The antenna structure includes a plurality of antenna substructures, and the plurality of antenna substructures are used to generate a sixth resonance; each of the antenna substructures includes any two adjacent branches, and the first segment and the third segment located between the any two adjacent branches.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device is an in-vehicle infotainment system, and the electronic device is installed in the vehicle; or, the electronic device is a vehicle key.

16. The electronic device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: In each of the antenna substructures, the length of the first segment, the length of the third segment, and the sum of the lengths of the two branches are within the range of (0.8±0.25)λ, where λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the sixth resonance.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The first radiator and the second radiator are respectively radiating rings; the at least two branches are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiating rings, and the at least two branches are equal in size.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The length of each of the branches is greater than the length of the first segment; or, the length of each of the branches is less than the length of the first segment.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that: The current distribution of the antenna structure that generates the sixth resonance includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, and the first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reversal point.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, characterized in that The first radiator has a slot or a slit, and the slot or the slit of the first radiator is located at a current reversal point of the first segment; and / or The second radiator has a slot or a slit, and the slot or the slit of the second radiator is located at a current reversal point of the third segment.

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