Method for replacing a defective vehicle wheel

Abstract

A method for replacing a defective wheel (1) of a vehicle includes raising the defective wheel (1), removing the defective wheel (1) from the hub, retrieving a spare wheel (13) from the body of the vehicle, and installing the spare wheel (13) on the hub in place of the defective wheel (1). During removal, the defective wheel is suspended on a cable (5) using a windlass (6) that is designed to generate a tractive force on the defective wheel. The spare wheel (13), which is disposed on the roof of the vehicle on a triangular lever (15) mounted in an articulated manner to the body of the vehicle such that the lever can be folded down onto the roof, is retrieved using an electrically driven winch (17) mounted in the lower part of the tailgate of the vehicle.

Description

METHOD OF REPLACING A DEFECTIVE VEHICLE WHEEL

[0001] The invention relates to mechanical engineering, to the operation of vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, and is used to replace a faulty wheel on all-terrain vehicles in road conditions, and to store and transport a spare wheel on the body of a vehicle.

[0002] This application is filed with priority to application RU 2023125168 dated 02.10.2023 patent RU 2817449 "METHOD FOR REPLACING A DEFECTIVE WHEEL OF A VEHICLE".

[0003] All-terrain vehicles, trucks, and snow and swamp vehicles are equipped with wheels whose mass may exceed the mass of a person and whose diameter may exceed 1000 mm. At the same time, the need to replace a faulty wheel may arise during a trip, in various road conditions, where it is not possible to use lifting mechanisms such as a crane or overhead crane. Often, a faulty wheel must be replaced by one person.

[0004] It is common knowledge that on SUVs and all-terrain vehicles, the spare wheel is usually stored and transported outside the body - on the rear door or on the hood, or on the side of the body, or on the roof. It is not easy to remove the spare wheel or a faulty wheel of an all-terrain vehicle, if necessary, without using lifting mechanisms. Lifting and removing the wheel requires significant physical effort from several people. Therefore, vehicles must be equipped with means that allow you to replace a faulty wheel on the road.

[0005] As a rule, to replace a faulty wheel of a vehicle, the axle with the faulty wheel is hung up, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub, the spare wheel is removed from the vehicle body, the spare wheel is installed on the hub instead of the faulty wheel. When installing, it is necessary, holding the wheel by hand, to align the mounting places and holes, allowing the installation of fasteners and fixing the wheel [1], [2].

[0006] A method for removing a faulty wheel and installing a spare wheel is known [3] in which the faulty wheel requiring replacement is removed; before installing the spare wheel on the vehicle, the wheel to be installed is placed on the road surface opposite the hub; a stud-lever made in the wheel disk is inserted into the hole for the fastening bolt, pushed toward the hub and tightened by rotating the lever by the handle; then the wheel is lifted with a lever, moved along the stud close to the hub; the fastening bolts are tightened; the bolt is finally fastened into the socket after removing the stud-lever; the vehicle is lowered, the fastening bolts are tightened.

[0007] The lever pin cannot be used to remove and install a wheel if the wheel rim does not have a hole for the lever, since it will not be possible to hang the rim on the lever. When removing wheels weighing more than 50 kg, the force on the lever will be significant and the physical strength of one person is not always sufficient to remove and install the wheel. When using the lever pin to remove a faulty wheel and install a spare wheel, there is a risk of the wheel accidentally coming off the device pin, you need to hold the lever and simultaneously install the fasteners, the wheel rotates on the lever and it must be held in the required position.

[0008] The source [3] does not disclose how the spare wheel is stored and transported, but it is known that the spare wheel is stored and transported on the roof of the vehicle.

[0009] Removing the spare wheel from the roof to the ground to replace the faulty wheel is done in various ways. A known method is lifting and securing the spare wheel to the roof of the vehicle body using a lever and a lifting mechanism connected to a gearbox [4]. The lifting mechanism with a cable is placed on the free end of the lever, which is attached to the vehicle body by means of two hinged joints. The lever with the wheel is moved to the vertical plane, until the stop of the movement limiters with the rear side of the body. The cable with hooks is secured to the wheel. By rotating the handle of the lifting mechanism, the cable is unwound and the spare wheel is lowered to the ground surface.

[0010] In method [4], a lifting mechanism with a gearbox located on the free end of the lever is used to lower the spare wheel, which does not allow the process of lowering the wheel to be controlled while on the ground. To lower the wheel, you must be on the roof. The method does not allow the use of a standard winch of the vehicle with an electric drive located on the body; there is no way to control the lifting and lowering of the spare wheel while in a comfortable position on the ground. The location of the lifting mechanism with a gearbox and handle on the free end of the lever increases the metal content of the structure and makes it heavier, increases the overall load on the lever at the points of attachment to the body and reduces the overall lifting capacity of the mechanism. The use of a lever made in the form of a pipe does not allow lifting heavy wheels of all-terrain vehicles.To lower / raise the spare tire, the user must climb onto the roof and rotate the mechanical winch handle while in an unsafe position at a height, which increases the risk of falling from a height while rotating the winch handle.

[0011] Thus, the means known from the prior art for lifting the spare wheel onto a vehicle and lowering the spare wheel from a vehicle have disadvantages that impair the operation of vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, snow and swamp vehicles, for example, of the “Burlak” type.

[0012] The problems are as follows. Known designs of transfer boxes are not suitable for all-terrain vehicles, they are heavy, prone to shaft breakage, excess pressure inside the housing, heating of internal elements of the structure, high oil consumption.

[0013] In the method for replacing a faulty wheel 1 of a vehicle, the faulty wheel 1 is hung up, the faulty wheel is removed from the hub, the spare wheel 13 is removed from the vehicle body, and the spare wheel is installed on the hub in place of the faulty wheel.

[0014] When removing a faulty wheel, it is suspended on a cable 5; for this purpose, a winch 6 is used, designed to create a traction force on the faulty wheel, installed in supports located on the vehicle body above the faulty wheel.

[0015] The faulty wheel is grabbed with a cable equipped with grips 9, the cable is wound onto the winch, the position of the winch is fixed relative to the support, and the faulty wheel is removed from the hub.

[0016] The spare wheel, located on the roof of the vehicle on the lever 15 of a triangular shape, mounted on the body with a hinge joint with the possibility of tipping onto the roof, is removed using the winch 17 with an electric drive, installed in the lower part of the rear side of the body. To do this, lift the lever with the spare wheel on the roof, pass the cable 18 through the block suspended on the free end of the lever, connect the cable to the winch, wrap the spare wheel with the cable, disconnect the wheel from the lever, unwind the winch 17, lowering the wheel suspended on the lever 15, release the spare wheel from the cable, install the spare wheel on the hub, suspending it on the cable 5, using the winch 6.

[0017] Reduces labor costs for wheel replacement.

[0018] The technical challenge is to ensure the ability to replace a faulty wheel of a vehicle (all-terrain vehicle, snow and swamp vehicle, truck) in road conditions.

[0019] The problem is solved by the fact that in the method of replacing a faulty wheel of a vehicle, the faulty wheel is hung up, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub, the spare wheel is removed from the vehicle body, the spare wheel is installed on the hub instead of the faulty wheel. When removing the faulty wheel, it is hung on a cable, for this purpose a winch is used, designed to create a traction force on the faulty wheel, installed in supports located on the vehicle body above the faulty wheel, the faulty wheel is grabbed with a cable equipped with grips, the cable is wound on the winch, the position of the winch is fixed relative to the support, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub;the spare wheel, located on the roof of the vehicle on a triangular lever mounted on the body with a hinge joint with the ability to tip over onto the roof, is removed using a winch with an electric drive installed in the lower part of the rear side of the body, for this purpose the lever with the spare wheel on the roof is raised, the cable is passed through the block suspended on the free end of the lever, the cable is connected to the winch, the spare wheel is covered with a cable, the wheel is disconnected from the lever, the winch is unwound, lowering the wheel suspended on the lever, the spare wheel is released from the cable, the spare wheel is installed on the hub, suspended on the cable using a winch.

[0020] To create traction when removing the spare wheel, use a winch located at the bottom of the rear side of the vehicle; the user can freely raise and lower the spare wheel while on the ground.

[0021] Provides the ability to replace a faulty wheel of a vehicle (all-terrain vehicle, snow and swamp vehicle, truck) in road conditions.

[0022] Expands the arsenal of methods for replacing a faulty wheel of a vehicle (all-terrain vehicle, snow and swamp vehicle, truck) in road conditions. At the same time, labor costs for replacing a wheel are reduced, and it is possible to replace a wheel by one person.

[0023] The traction force on the faulty wheel is transmitted using a cable wound on a winch located at the support points above the wheel. This allows for reducing the effort required to lift the faulty wheel, positioning the support points exactly above the hub, ensuring that the traction force is applied at the level of the wheel's center of mass, which allows the wheel to be suspended for free removal and installation of fasteners. In this case, the wheel is in a stable position and does not change it under its own weight. Figure 1

[0024] diagram illustrating the sequence of actions for removing a faulty wheel from a vehicle; Figure 2

[0025] diagram illustrating the sequence of actions for lowering the spare tire from a vehicle; Description of implementation

[0026] In the method of replacing a faulty wheel 1 (;) of a vehicle, the faulty wheel is hung up, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub, the spare wheel 13 is removed from the vehicle body, and the spare wheel is installed on the hub in place of the faulty wheel.

[0027] When removing a faulty wheel, it is suspended on a cable 5; for this purpose, a winch 6 is used, designed to create a traction force on the faulty wheel, installed in supports located on the vehicle body above the faulty wheel.

[0028] The faulty wheel is grabbed with a cable equipped with grips 9, the cable is wound onto the winch, the position of the winch is fixed relative to the support, and the faulty wheel is removed from the hub.

[0029] The spare wheel, located on the roof of the vehicle on the lever 15 of a triangular shape, mounted on the body with a hinge joint with the possibility of tipping onto the roof, is removed using the winch 17 with an electric drive, installed in the lower part of the rear side of the body. To do this, lift the lever with the spare wheel on the roof, pass the cable 18 through the block suspended on the free end of the lever, connect the cable to the winch, wrap the spare wheel with the cable, disconnect the wheel from the lever, unwind the winch 17, lowering the wheel suspended on the lever 15, release the spare wheel from the cable, install the spare wheel on the hub, suspending it on the cable 5, using the winch 6. Example

[0030] In order to replace a faulty wheel 1 of a vehicle (;), hang up the axle with the faulty wheel 1 using a jack 2. Dismantle the faulty wheel 1 from the hub; to do this, hang the faulty wheel 1 under the fender 3 by the rim 4 using a winch 5 and a cable 6. Winch 5, designed to create a traction force on the faulty wheel 1, is installed in supports 7 and 8, under fender 3 of the vehicle above the faulty wheel 1. Winch 5 is inserted into support 7, made in the form of an eye, and passed into support 8, made in the form of a heel or a recess in the body. Unscrew the fasteners (bolts or nuts) securing the faulty wheel 1 to the hub. Grasp the faulty wheel 1 with cable 6 and grips 9. Grips 9 are installed on the rim 4 of the faulty wheel 1 from both sides, in the upper part along the line of symmetry. Cable 6 is placed on crutch 10 located on winch 5.Rotate the winch 5 by the handle 11, while the cable 6 is wound on the winch 5, and the grips 9 pull the rim 4 of the faulty wheel 1 upward, in the direction of the winch 5. Thus, the weight of the wheel 1 is transferred to the cable 6 and the winch 5 is removed from the hub. Fix the position of the winch 5 in the achieved position relative to the supports 7 and 8, with the stopper 12. Remove the wheel from the hub, pulling it towards you. Dismantle the faulty wheel from the hub, moving it to the side, while the stopper 12 is removed and rotate the winch 5 in the opposite direction, unwinding the cable 6, releasing the faulty wheel 1. In order to release the wheel 1, the grips 9 are removed from the rim 4.

[0031] The spare wheel 13 is preliminarily positioned on the roof 14 of the vehicle on a triangular-shaped lever 15 mounted on the body with a hinged joint 16 with the possibility of tipping onto the roof 14. The spare wheel 13 is removed from the body of the vehicle using a winch 17 with an electric drive installed in the lower part of the rear side of the body. To do this, lift lever 15 with spare wheel 13 on roof 14. Pass cable 18 through block 19 suspended by eye 20 on the free end of lever 15. Connect cable 18 to winch 17. Pass winch cable 17 through roller 21 of cable 18. Pull out winch cable 17 so that the length of cable 18 is sufficient to cover spare wheel 13. Cover spare wheel 13 with cable 18, hook by passing cable 18 with rigging shackle 22 through holes in rim 4. Lock rigging shackle 22 onto cable 18. Using winch control panel 17, tighten cable 18.Disconnect spare wheel 13 from lever 15, unwind winch 17, lowering spare wheel 13 suspended on lever 15. Using winch control panel 17, lower cable 18 with wheel 1 down to the ground surface. Remove rigging bracket 22 from cable 18, releasing wheel 1.

[0032] Spare wheel 13 is installed on the hub instead of faulty wheel 1, hanging it on cable 6 using winch 5. To install spare wheel 13 on the hub, grab it by rim 4 with grips 9 installed on two opposite sides in the upper part of rim 4. Winch 5 is rotated by handle 11, while cable 6 is wound (winded) on winch 5, and with grips 9 pulls rim 4 of wheel 13 upward, in the direction of winch 5. Thus, wheel 13 is raised and brought to the hub. Winch 5 is fixed in the achieved position (with stopper 12 or a hole passed through the hole in the body of winch 5). The weight of wheel 13 is transferred to cable 6. By pushing, spare wheel 13 is placed on the hub and fixed with fasteners (bolts or nuts). The winch 5 is rotated in the opposite direction by the handle 11, loosening the cable 6, and the grips 9 are removed from the rim 4. The cable 6 is removed from the winch 5, the winch 5 is removed from the supports 7 and 8. The jack is lowered.

[0033] The faulty wheel 1 is placed on the roof 14 of the vehicle. To do this, the clamps of the lever 15 are loosened and the lever 15 is raised on the roof 14 to a vertical position. The cable 18 is passed through the block 19 suspended by the eye 20 of the lever 15. The ends of the cable 18 with the rigging bracket 22 and the roller 21 are lowered down along the rear side of the vehicle. The straps 23 are used to fix the lever 15 in a vertical position with an inclination away from the rear side. The slings 23 are secured to the roof 14. The slings 23 limit the movement of the lever 15. The winch cable 17 is unwound and passed through the roller 21. The winch cable 17 is pulled out so that the length of the cable 18 is sufficient to cover the faulty wheel 1. Wheel 1 is hooked with the cable 18 by passing the cable 18 with the rigging shackle 22 through the holes in the rim 4. The rigging shackle 22 is locked onto the cable 18. Using the winch control panel 17, the cable 18 is pulled and the wheel 1 is raised until it stops against the lever 15.In this position, lever 15 is lowered and turned to the initial horizontal plane. Lever 15 is fixed to the body and wheel 1 is secured with straps 23.

[0034] The method is used for repairing wheeled vehicles, removing and / or installing wheels, when replacing wheels on a vehicle under road conditions.

[0035] This makes it possible to remove and install the wheel of an all-terrain vehicle, snow and swamp vehicle, or truck in road conditions. The result is the replacement of a faulty wheel of an all-terrain vehicle, snow and swamp vehicle, or truck in road conditions.

[0036] The claimed technical solution can be implemented using industrially produced devices and materials, its elements can be manufactured and assembled both by hand and at modern industrial enterprises. Nothing prevents the use of the system for the stated purpose.

[0037] 1 - faulty wheel;

[0038] 2 - jack;

[0039] 3 - wing;

[0040] 4 - rim;

[0041] 5 - gate;

[0042] 6 - cable;

[0043] 7 - support;

[0044] 8 - support;

[0045] 9 - capture;

[0046] 10 - crutch.

[0047] 11 - handle;

[0048] 12 - stopper.

[0049] 13 - spare wheel;

[0050] 14 - roof;

[0051] 15 - lever;

[0052] 16 - hinge;

[0053] 17 - winch;

[0054] 18 - cable;

[0055] 19 - block;

[0056] 20 - eye;

[0057] 21 - roller;

[0058] 22 - rigging bracket;

[0059] 23 - strap. Non-patent literature

[0060] source 1: Pustovalov B.I. How to save a car. 2nd edition, revised and enlarged. Moscow DOSAAF 1987 208 p.

[0061] source 2: Shestopalov K.S. Passenger cars. A training manual for training drivers of category "B" vehicles. 5th ed. Moscow, DOSAAF, 1984, 208 p. Patent literature

[0062] source 3: patent RU 183217

[0063] source 4: patent RU 183339l

Claims

A method for replacing a faulty wheel of a vehicle, in which the faulty wheel is hung up, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub, the spare wheel is removed from the vehicle body, the spare wheel is installed on the hub in place of the faulty wheel, characterized in that when removing the faulty wheel, it is suspended on a cable, for this purpose a winch is used, designed to create a traction force on the faulty wheel, installed in supports located on the vehicle body above the faulty wheel, the faulty wheel is grasped with a cable equipped with grips, the cable is wound on the winch, the position of the winch is fixed relative to the support, the faulty wheel is dismantled from the hub;the spare wheel, located on the roof of the vehicle on a triangular lever mounted on the body with a hinge joint with the ability to tip over onto the roof, is removed using a winch with an electric drive installed in the lower part of the rear side of the body, for this purpose the lever with the spare wheel on the roof is raised, the cable is passed through a block suspended on the free end of the lever, the cable is connected to the winch, the spare wheel is wrapped with a cable, the wheel is disconnected from the lever, the winch is unwound, lowering the wheel suspended on the lever, the spare wheel is released from the cable, the spare wheel is installed on the hub, suspended on the cable, using a winch.

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