Method and apparatus for controlling circulation volume for anode, and electronic device and fuel cell

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. Provided are a method and apparatus for controlling a circulation volume for an anode, and an electronic device and a fuel cell. The method for controlling a circulation volume for an anode in the present invention can accurately determine the hydrogen circulation volume of an anode, and then realize the regulation of the hydrogen circulation volume of a fuel cell system in combination with an actual hydrogen circulation volume. In the method for controlling a circulation volume for an anode in the present invention, on the basis of the rotation speed of a hydrogen circulating pump, the displacement of the hydrogen circulating pump per revolution, the gas pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and the density and viscosity of a circulating gas, an actual gas circulation volume of an anode of a fuel cell stack is determined; then, an accurate actual hydrogen circulation volume of the anode is obtained; and then in combination with a required hydrogen circulation volume of the anode and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulating pump, an appropriate adjustment strategy is applied to operating parameters of a target device, so as to realize the regulation of the hydrogen circulation volume of the anode, thus ensuring the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell stack.

Description

Anode circulation quantity control method, device, electronic equipment and fuel cell Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to an anode circulation quantity control method, device, electronic equipment and fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] In the fuel cell anode system, in order to achieve efficient utilization of hydrogen and drain the anode of the stack, a hydrogen circulation pump is required to force the gas at the anode outlet of the stack to circulate. When the system is running, the actual circulation flow of the hydrogen circulation pump affects the hydrogen excess coefficient of the stack anode and the humidity at the anode inlet. The hydrogen excess coefficient of the stack anode is the ratio of the anode hydrogen supply to the theoretically required hydrogen amount. In practical applications, the appropriate hydrogen excess coefficient is usually determined based on the design and performance requirements of the fuel cell system. A hydrogen excess coefficient that is too high may cause the hydrogen circulation pump to consume too much power, reducing system efficiency; while a hydrogen excess coefficient that is too low may cause the anode to have poor quality, affecting the working efficiency and life of the stack.

[0003] In related technologies, the preset hydrogen circulation pump speed is calibrated mainly according to the different operating points of the fuel cell system, thereby providing a suitable hydrogen circulation volume. However, during the actual operation of the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen circulation pump will have a small amount of gas leakage due to its own structure. There is a deviation between the actual circulation volume of the hydrogen circulation pump and the theoretical circulation volume. Moreover, the size of the hydrogen circulation volume is not only related to the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, but also to the complex operating environment within the fuel cell stack. It is usually difficult to timely identify the damage caused to the fuel cell system by the deviation of the hydrogen circulation. Therefore, it is crucial to obtain the accurate hydrogen circulation volume of the stack anode and to effectively regulate the circulation volume.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an anode circulation amount control method, device, electronic equipment and fuel cell, which are used to solve the defect in the prior art that it is difficult to obtain an accurate hydrogen circulation amount for regulation, and to ensure the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for controlling an anode circulation amount, comprising:

[0007] Determining the actual gas circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas;

[0008] determining an actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on a concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas of the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation amount;

[0009] Comparing the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result; the required hydrogen circulation amount is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under current operating conditions;

[0010] Adjusting operating parameters of a target device based on the comparison result of the circulation amount and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; the operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of a hydrogen supply valve, the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of an anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve;

[0011] The rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, the density of the circulating gas, the viscosity of the circulating gas, and the actual gas circulation volume satisfy the following relationship:

[0012] Wherein, V is the actual gas circulation volume, N is the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, Q is the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, dp is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, ρ is the density of the circulating gas, μ is the viscosity of the circulating gas, C is the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump, k is the weight coefficient, 0<k<1, a and b are positive numbers.

[0013] According to an anode circulation quantity control method provided by the present invention, the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump is determined based on the internal leakage degree of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0014] According to an anode circulation quantity control method provided by the present invention, the weight coefficient is determined based on the thickness and length of the hydrogen circulation pump rotor blades.

[0015] According to an anode circulation amount control method provided by the present invention, adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes:

[0016] If the circulation amount comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation amount is less than the required hydrogen circulation amount, determining a magnitude relationship between a current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and a maximum operating rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump;

[0017] When the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is less than the maximum operating rotation speed, the hydrogen circulation pump is controlled to increase its rotation speed and / or the anode exhaust valve is controlled to reduce its opening degree.

[0018] According to an anode circulation amount control method provided by the present invention, adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes:

[0019] If the circulation amount comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation amount is less than the required hydrogen circulation amount, determining a magnitude relationship between a current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and a maximum operating rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump;

[0020] When the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is equal to the maximum operating rotation speed, the anode exhaust valve is controlled to reduce the opening degree.

[0021] According to an anode circulation amount control method provided by the present invention, adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes:

[0022] When the circulation amount comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation amount is greater than the required hydrogen circulation amount, the hydrogen circulation pump is controlled to reduce the rotation speed and / or the anode exhaust valve is controlled to increase the opening degree.

[0023] The present invention also provides an anode circulation quantity control device, comprising:

[0024] a first processing module for determining an actual gas circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on a rotational speed of a hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, a displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, a pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and a density and viscosity of the circulating gas; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas being determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas;

[0025] a second processing module, configured to determine an actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on a concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas of the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation amount;

[0026] a third processing module, configured to compare the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result; the required hydrogen circulation amount is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under current operating conditions;

[0027] a fourth processing module, configured to adjust an operating parameter of a target device based on the comparison result of the circulation amount and the current rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; the operating parameter of the target device comprising at least one of the opening degree of a hydrogen supply valve, the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of an anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve;

[0028] The rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, the density of the circulating gas, the viscosity of the circulating gas, and the actual gas circulation volume satisfy the following relationship:

[0029] Wherein, V is the actual gas circulation volume, N is the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, Q is the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, dp is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, ρ is the density of the circulating gas, μ is the viscosity of the circulating gas, C is the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump, k is the weight coefficient, 0<k<1, a and b are positive numbers.

[0030] The present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, any of the above-described anode circulation quantity control methods is implemented.

[0031] The present invention also provides a fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell stack and the electronic device as described above.

[0032] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described anode circulation quantity control methods.

[0033] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the anode circulation quantity control method as described above is implemented.

[0034] The anode circulation volume control method, device, electronic device and fuel cell provided by the present invention can determine the actual gas circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas, and thus obtain the accurate actual hydrogen circulation volume of the anode. Combined with the required hydrogen circulation volume of the anode and the current rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, appropriate adjustment strategies can be adopted for the working parameters of the target device to achieve regulation of the hydrogen circulation volume of the anode and ensure the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic flow chart of an anode circulation quantity control method provided by the present invention;

[0037] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0038] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an anode circulation quantity control device provided by the present invention;

[0039] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals: 210 : hydrogen supply system; 220 : fuel cell stack; 230 : hydrogen supply valve; 240 : water separator; 250 : hydrogen circulation pump; 260 : anode exhaust valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] The anode circulation quantity control method, device, electronic device and fuel cell of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG1 to FIG4.

[0043] As shown in FIG1 , the anode circulation amount control method according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes step 110 , step 120 , step 130 and step 140 .

[0044] Step 110 , based on the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas, determine the actual gas circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack.

[0045] In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell and reduce the reaction time of the fuel cell during acceleration, the hydrogen supply of the fuel cell is generally greater than the theoretical hydrogen consumption, that is, the hydrogen excess coefficient of the fuel cell stack anode is a value greater than 1. If the hydrogen is not circulated, this excess hydrogen will be directly discharged with the exhaust gas, resulting in a large amount of hydrogen waste. Therefore, a hydrogen circulation pump is provided in the fuel cell system. By using the hydrogen circulation pump, this excess unreacted hydrogen can be recovered and supplied to the anode again, thereby improving the utilization rate of the hydrogen.

[0046] As shown in Figure 2, Figure 2 shows a possible installation position of the hydrogen circulation pump 250 in the fuel cell system. The hydrogen supply system 210 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 220 through a pipeline, and a hydrogen supply valve 230 can be set in the supply pipeline to control the amount of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 220. The remaining hydrogen that has not reacted completely in the fuel cell stack 220 enters the water separator 240 together with the waste gas and water vapor generated by the reaction. The water separator 240 separates the water vapor and hydrogen in the gas discharged from the anode. The inlet of the hydrogen circulation pump 250 is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the water separator 240, and the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump 250 can be connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline so that the recovered hydrogen can be sent to the fuel cell stack again for use. The anode exhaust valve 260 can be installed at one outlet of the water separator to discharge the water in the waste gas generated by the anode, and can also discharge the gas in the anode to balance the pressure of different gas components inside the anode.

[0047] The speed of a hydrogen circulation pump refers to the number of revolutions per unit time. A higher speed can increase the amount of hydrogen circulated per unit time, thereby increasing the hydrogen circulation speed and the amount of agitation gas. A higher speed of a hydrogen circulation pump means a greater hydrogen circulation volume.

[0048] The displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump indicates the amount of gas that the hydrogen circulation pump can deliver per rotation. A larger displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump means that the hydrogen circulation pump can handle more gas per rotation. Therefore, a larger displacement per revolution means a larger hydrogen circulation volume.

[0049] The hydrogen circulation pump inlet and outlet are generally set to maintain a pressure differential within a certain range to ensure the normal operation of the gas circuit. The pressure differential between the hydrogen circulation pump inlet and outlet can be detected by a pressure sensor installed at the hydrogen circulation pump inlet and outlet. Alternatively, it can be calculated using data from a pressure sensor installed elsewhere in the anode gas circuit, which is not limited here.

[0050] In some embodiments, the outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump is typically configured as the high-pressure end, while the inlet is the low-pressure end. This design prevents gas backflow. By creating a pressure differential, a higher hydrogen pressure is maintained at the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack, thereby ensuring normal operation within the fuel cell stack.

[0051] The density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas.

[0052] The density of a gas refers to the mass contained in a unit volume, usually expressed in kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m 3) or grams per liter (g / L). The density of a gas is related to molecular mass, temperature, and pressure. A higher density indicates that the gas molecules are more densely packed per unit volume, while a lower density indicates that the gas molecules are more sparsely packed. The density of a gas can be used to calculate its mass, volume, and buoyancy, and it also affects its movement and diffusion.

[0053] The viscosity of a gas refers to the resistance of gas molecules to flow, that is, the gas's ability to resist shear stress. Viscosity can be understood as the strength of interactions between gas molecules and the ease with which they move rapidly. Viscosity is typically expressed in units such as Stokes or Poise. Gas viscosity affects its flow properties, including viscous drag, velocity distribution, and momentum transfer. High-viscosity gases exhibit greater resistance and viscous effects, while low-viscosity gases flow more smoothly.

[0054] As you can understand, gas density and viscosity are important parameters for describing gas properties. Density reflects the compactness of gas molecular arrangement, while viscosity reflects the interaction and resistance of gas molecules during flow. These properties are crucial for studying processes such as gas flow, heat transfer, diffusion, and mixing, and play a key role in gas transmission and processing within fuel cell gas circuits.

[0055] In this embodiment, by taking into account the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas, the gas circulation volume of the hydrogen circulation pump can be estimated, and then the actual gas circulation volume of the fuel cell anode can be obtained.

[0056] The concentration of each gas component can be determined first, and then the density and viscosity of the mixed gas can be determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas.

[0057] It is understood that the various component gases in the anode mainly include hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor. The density and viscosity of each component gas can be determined based on the temperature and pressure of the anode exhaust port to obtain the density and viscosity of the mixed gas.

[0058] In this case, the gas density ρ of the mixed gas is: ρ = ρ1·c1 + ρ2·c2 + ρ3·c3.

[0059] where ρ1, ρ2 and ρ3 are the densities of hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor respectively, and c1, c2 and c3 are the concentrations of hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor respectively.

[0060] The viscosity μ of the mixed gas is: μ=[μ1·c1·sqrt(m1)+μ2·c2·sqrt(m2)+μ3·c3·sqrt(m3)]÷[c1·sqrt(m1)+ c2·sqrt(m2)+c3·sqrt(m3)].

[0061] Wherein, μ1, μ2 and μ3 are the viscosities of hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor respectively, c1, c2 and c3 are the concentrations of hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor respectively, m1, m2 and m3 are the molecular weights of hydrogen, nitrogen and water vapor respectively, and sqrt is the square root.

[0062] Of course, when the anode gas also contains other components, the concentration and viscosity of the mixed gas can be obtained in a manner similar to the above formula.

[0063] It is understood that the concentrations of various gases can be measured directly by concentration sensors. Of course, in some embodiments, the gas flow rate of the anode gas loop can also be modeled to obtain the concentrations of various gases.

[0064] When modeling the anode gas loop's gas flow rate, the anode gas loop inlet flow rate, the stack consumption flow rate, and the amount of residual material in the stack anode can be calculated. Combined with the anode drain valve's actuation instructions, the resulting volumetric flow rate from the valve can be derived. With these flow rates, combined with the anode drain valve's emission parameters and the current anode temperature and pressure parameters, the anode hydrogen concentration can be further calculated.

[0065] In the closed loop of the fuel cell anode circuit, when the actual emission components of the anode exhaust valve are judged based on the anode exhaust valve flow rate, the total pressure at the anode outlet, the average molecular weight of the actual emission components, and the molecular weight of each gas can be accurately obtained, and the partial pressure of each gas component at the anode outlet can be reliably calculated, thereby ensuring that the accurate concentration of each gas can be calculated based on the partial pressure of each gas component at the anode outlet.

[0066] In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, the density of the circulating gas, the viscosity of the circulating gas, and the actual gas circulation volume satisfy the following relationship:

[0067] Among them, V is the actual gas circulation volume, N is the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, Q is the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, dp is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, ρ is the density of the circulating gas, μ is the viscosity of the circulating gas, C is the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump, k is the weight coefficient, 0<k<1, a and b are positive numbers.

[0068] In some embodiments, the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump is determined based on the degree of internal leakage of the hydrogen circulation pump. The greater the degree of internal leakage of the hydrogen circulation pump, the greater the error calibration coefficient. The error calibration coefficient can be continuously adjusted to conduct multiple test simulations. By comparing the actual leakage measured with the leakage calculated using different error calibration coefficients, the accurate value of the error calibration coefficient C can be obtained, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation and obtaining a more accurate hydrogen circulation amount of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0069] It's understood that the extent of a hydrogen circulating pump's internal leakage is related to the clearances between its components, the dimensional tolerances of its components, and its age. The greater the clearances between its components and the dimensional tolerances, the greater the extent of its internal leakage. The longer the hydrogen circulating pump is used, the greater the wear of its components and the greater the extent of its internal leakage.

[0070] In this embodiment, by taking into account the degree of internal leakage of the hydrogen circulation pump, a more accurate hydrogen circulation amount of the hydrogen circulation pump can be obtained.

[0071] In some embodiments, the weight coefficient is determined based on the thickness and length of the hydrogen circulation pump rotor blades. The smaller and shorter the thickness of the hydrogen circulation pump rotor blades, the larger the weight coefficient k, the higher the proportion of the effect of the gas density factor on the hydrogen circulation pump leakage, and the lower the proportion of the effect of the gas viscosity factor on the hydrogen circulation pump leakage; the larger and longer the thickness of the hydrogen circulation pump rotor blades, the smaller the weight coefficient k, the higher the proportion of the effect of the gas viscosity factor on the hydrogen circulation pump leakage, and the lower the proportion of the effect of the gas density factor on the hydrogen circulation pump leakage.

[0072] It is understandable that the weight coefficient can be accurately calibrated according to the thickness and length of the hydrogen circulation pump rotor blades, thereby obtaining a more accurate hydrogen circulation amount of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0073] a and b are positive numbers. Through multiple test simulations, the actual leakage measured can be compared with the leakage calculated with different a and b values ​​to obtain the accurate values ​​of a and b, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation and obtaining a more accurate hydrogen circulation amount of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0074] Step 120 : determining the actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas of the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation amount.

[0075] It is understandable that the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas can be detected and obtained by a hydrogen concentration sensor installed in the pipeline, or the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas can also be solved based on the gas flow modeling of the anode gas loop in the above embodiment, which is not limited here.

[0076] After obtaining the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas at the anode of the fuel cell stack, the actual hydrogen circulation amount at the anode of the fuel cell stack can be obtained by multiplying the hydrogen concentration by the actual gas circulation amount.

[0077] Step 130 : Compare the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result.

[0078] Hydrogen generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction in a fuel cell, producing byproducts such as water vapor. These byproducts must be promptly removed to ensure proper operation. To maintain efficient fuel cell performance, the anode requires sufficient hydrogen circulation to power the electrochemical reaction and effectively remove the byproducts. Different fuel cell stacks have their own design and operating requirements, including the required hydrogen supply. These requirements depend on parameters such as stack size, current, and power output.

[0079] For a certain type of fuel cell stack, the actual hydrogen demand of the stack under different operating conditions can be calibrated in a laboratory environment. That is, the required hydrogen circulation volume is determined based on the output power or output current of the stack under the current operating conditions.

[0080] The corresponding required hydrogen circulation volume can be found based on the output current or output power under the current working conditions, and then compared with the calculated actual hydrogen circulation volume to obtain a circulation volume comparison result.

[0081] Step 140 : Adjust the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0082] The target device may be a hydrogen supply valve, a hydrogen circulation pump, an anode exhaust valve, etc. The operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve, the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack.

[0083] Fuel cell systems can employ circulation and control strategies to optimize hydrogen supply. These strategies can include controlling hydrogen flow rate and pressure balance, specifically by adjusting the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the degree of opening of the hydrogen supply valve, and the degree and frequency of opening of the anode exhaust valve. In this embodiment, a reasonable control strategy can ensure that the anode receives an appropriate amount of hydrogen circulation.

[0084] According to the anode circulation volume control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the actual gas circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack can be determined based on the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas, thereby obtaining the accurate actual hydrogen circulation volume of the anode. Combined with the required hydrogen circulation volume of the anode and the current rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, a suitable adjustment strategy can be adopted for the working parameters of the target device to achieve regulation of the hydrogen circulation volume of the anode and ensure the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0085] In some embodiments, adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes the following process.

[0086] The relationship between the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and the maximum operating speed of the hydrogen circulation pump can be determined based on the circulation volume comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump. If the circulation volume comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation volume is less than the required hydrogen circulation volume, the relationship between the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and the maximum operating speed of the hydrogen circulation pump can be determined.

[0087] When the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is less than the maximum operating rotation speed, the hydrogen circulation pump is controlled to increase the rotation speed and / or the anode exhaust valve is controlled to reduce the opening degree.

[0088] In some embodiments, when the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is less than the maximum operating speed, the hydrogen circulation pump can be controlled to increase the rotation speed, thereby increasing the hydrogen circulation amount.

[0089] In some embodiments, when the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is less than the maximum operating rotation speed, the anode exhaust valve is controlled to reduce its opening degree.

[0090] The nitrogen in the fuel cell system is usually introduced from the nitrogen component in the air, diffuses from the cathode to the anode, and continuously enriches at the anode, thereby reducing the relative content of hydrogen at the anode.

[0091] As the anode exhaust valve opening decreases, more nitrogen accumulates at the anode. Adjusting the anode exhaust valve opening can help optimize the pressure balance of the fuel cell system. According to the formula for the actual gas circulation volume, as the nitrogen concentration at the anode increases, the density and viscosity of the anode circulating gas also increase due to nitrogen's greater molecular weight relative to hydrogen. This increases the actual gas circulation volume at the anode, and in turn, the hydrogen circulation volume.

[0092] Of course, in some embodiments, the anode exhaust valve may be controlled to open at a lower opening frequency, which may also increase the nitrogen content and the actual gas circulation volume, thereby increasing the hydrogen circulation volume.

[0093] In some embodiments, when the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is less than the maximum operating speed, the hydrogen circulation pump is controlled to increase its speed and the anode exhaust valve is controlled to decrease its opening degree. By simultaneously increasing the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and decreasing the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve, the concentration of nitrogen in the anode can be increased, thereby increasing the amount of hydrogen circulating.

[0094] In some embodiments, adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes the following process.

[0095] According to the circulation volume comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, when the circulation volume comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation volume is less than the required hydrogen circulation volume, determine the relationship between the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and the maximum operating speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; when the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is equal to the maximum operating speed, control the anode discharge valve to reduce the opening degree.

[0096] It is understandable that when the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is equal to the maximum operating speed, the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump cannot be increased, so the only way is to control the anode exhaust valve to reduce the opening degree to increase the concentration of nitrogen in the anode, thereby increasing the hydrogen circulation volume.

[0097] In some embodiments, adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes the following process.

[0098] According to the circulation volume comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, when the circulation volume comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation volume is greater than the required hydrogen circulation volume, the hydrogen circulation pump is controlled to reduce the speed and / or the anode exhaust valve is controlled to increase the opening degree.

[0099] It can be understood that when the circulation volume comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation volume is greater than the required hydrogen circulation volume, the hydrogen circulation pump can be controlled to reduce the speed, the anode exhaust valve can be controlled to increase the opening degree, or the hydrogen circulation pump can be controlled to reduce the speed and the anode exhaust valve can be controlled to increase the opening degree, thereby reducing the circulation volume of hydrogen.

[0100] The anode circulation quantity control device provided by the present invention is described below. The anode circulation quantity control device described below and the anode circulation quantity control method described above can be referred to in correspondence with each other.

[0101] As shown in FIG3 , the anode circulation quantity control device according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a first processing module 310 , a second processing module 320 , a third processing module 330 and a fourth processing module 340 .

[0102] The first processing module 310 is configured to determine the actual gas circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas;

[0103] The second processing module 320 is configured to determine an actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the stack based on the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas of the anode of the stack and the actual gas circulation amount;

[0104] The third processing module 330 is used to compare the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result; the required hydrogen circulation amount is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under the current operating conditions;

[0105] The fourth processing module 340 is configured to adjust the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; the operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve, the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve;

[0106] The speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, the density of the circulating gas, the viscosity of the circulating gas, and the actual gas circulation volume satisfy the following relationship:

[0107] Among them, V is the actual gas circulation volume, N is the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, Q is the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, dp is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, ρ is the density of the circulating gas, μ is the viscosity of the circulating gas, C is the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump, k is the weight coefficient, 0<k<1, a and b are positive numbers.

[0108] The anode circulation volume control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention can determine the actual gas circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas, and thus obtain the accurate actual hydrogen circulation volume of the anode. Combined with the required hydrogen circulation volume of the anode and the current rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, appropriate adjustment strategies can be adopted for the working parameters of the target device to achieve regulation of the hydrogen circulation volume of the anode and ensure the safe and stable operation of the fuel cell stack.

[0109] In some embodiments, the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump is determined based on the internal leakage level of the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0110] In some embodiments, the weight coefficient is determined based on the thickness and length of the hydrogen circulation pump rotor blades.

[0111] In some embodiments, the fourth processing module 340 is also used to determine the relationship between the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and the maximum operating speed of the hydrogen circulation pump when the circulation quantity comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation quantity is less than the required hydrogen circulation quantity; when the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is less than the maximum operating speed, control the hydrogen circulation pump to increase the speed and / or control the anode exhaust valve to reduce the opening degree.

[0112] In some embodiments, the fourth processing module 340 is also used to determine the relationship between the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and the maximum operating speed of the hydrogen circulation pump when the circulation quantity comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation quantity is less than the required hydrogen circulation quantity; when the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is equal to the maximum operating speed, control the anode exhaust valve to reduce the opening degree.

[0113] In some embodiments, the fourth processing module 340 is further configured to control the hydrogen circulation pump to reduce its speed and / or control the anode exhaust valve to increase its opening degree when the circulation amount comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation amount is greater than the required hydrogen circulation amount.

[0114] Figure 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device. As shown in Figure 4, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor) 410, a communication interface (Communications Interface) 420, a memory (memory) 430 and a communication bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communication interface 420, and the memory 430 communicate with each other through the communication bus 440. The processor 410 can call the logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute the anode circulation amount control method, which includes: determining the actual gas circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per circle, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas; determining the actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas at the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation amount; comparing the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result; the required hydrogen circulation amount is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under the current operating conditions; adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; the operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve, the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve.

[0115] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 430 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0116] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a fuel cell, which includes a fuel cell stack and the above-mentioned electronic device.

[0117] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the anode circulation amount control method provided by the above methods, which includes: determining the actual gas circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, the displacement per circle of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas. ; Based on the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas at the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation volume, the actual hydrogen circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack is determined; the actual hydrogen circulation volume is compared with the required hydrogen circulation volume of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation volume comparison result; the required hydrogen circulation volume is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under the current operating conditions; based on the circulation volume comparison result and the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the operating parameters of the target device are adjusted; the operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve, the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve.

[0118] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the anode circulation amount control method provided by the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: determining the actual gas circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas; determining the actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas at the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation amount; comparing the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result; the required hydrogen circulation amount is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under the current operating conditions; adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; the operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve, the rotational speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve.

[0119] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0120] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling anode circulation volume, characterized in that: include: The actual gas circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack is determined based on the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the density and viscosity of the circulating gas; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas; Determining an actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas of the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation amount; Comparing the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result; The required hydrogen circulation amount is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under the current working condition; Based on the comparison result of the circulation amount and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, adjusting the operating parameters of the target device; the operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve, the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve; The rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, the density of the circulating gas, the viscosity of the circulating gas and the actual gas circulation amount satisfy the following relationship: Among them, V is the actual gas circulation volume, N is the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, Q is the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, dp is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, ρ is the density of the circulating gas, μ is the viscosity of the circulating gas, C is the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump, k is the weight coefficient, 0<k<1, a and b are positive numbers.

2. The anode circulation amount control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump is determined based on the internal leakage degree of the hydrogen circulation pump.

3. The anode circulation amount control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight coefficient is determined based on the thickness and length of the hydrogen circulation pump rotor blades.

4. The anode circulation amount control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes: When the circulation amount comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation amount is less than the required hydrogen circulation amount, determining the magnitude relationship between the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and the maximum operating rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; When the current speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is less than the maximum operating speed, the control The hydrogen circulation pump increases its rotation speed and / or controls the anode exhaust valve to reduce its opening degree.

5. The anode circulation amount control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes: When the circulation amount comparison result shows that the actual hydrogen circulation amount is less than the required hydrogen circulation amount, determining the magnitude relationship between the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump and the maximum operating rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; When the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump is equal to the maximum operating rotation speed, the anode exhaust valve is controlled to reduce the opening degree.

6. The anode circulation amount control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting the operating parameters of the target device based on the circulation amount comparison result and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump includes: When the circulation amount comparison result is that the actual hydrogen circulation amount is greater than the required hydrogen circulation amount, the hydrogen circulation pump is controlled to reduce the rotation speed and / or the anode exhaust valve is controlled to increase the opening degree.

7. An anode circulation quantity control device, characterized in that: include: The first processing module is used to process the hydrogen circulation pump of the fuel cell system based on the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per revolution, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, and the circulating gas. Density and viscosity, determining the actual gas circulation amount of the anode of the stack; the density and viscosity of the circulating gas are determined based on the density and viscosity of each gas component in the circulating gas; A second processing module, configured to determine an actual hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack based on the concentration of hydrogen in the circulating gas of the anode of the fuel cell stack and the actual gas circulation amount; A third processing module is used to compare the actual hydrogen circulation amount with the required hydrogen circulation amount of the anode of the fuel cell stack to obtain a circulation amount comparison result; The required hydrogen circulation amount is determined based on the output power or output current of the fuel cell stack under the current working condition; a fourth processing module, configured to adjust the operating parameters of the target device based on the comparison result of the circulation amount and the current rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump; the operating parameters of the target device include at least one of the opening degree of the hydrogen supply valve, the rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the opening degree of the anode exhaust valve of the fuel cell stack, and the opening frequency of the anode exhaust valve; The rotation speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, the displacement per revolution of the hydrogen circulation pump, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, the density of the circulating gas, the viscosity of the circulating gas and the actual gas circulation amount satisfy the following relationship: Wherein, V is the actual gas circulation volume, N is the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump, Q is the displacement of the hydrogen circulation pump per cycle, dp is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pump, ρ is the density of the circulating gas, μ is the viscosity of the circulating gas, C is the error calibration coefficient of the hydrogen circulation pump, k is the weight coefficient, 0<k<1, a and b are positive numbers.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the anode circulation amount control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A fuel cell, characterized in that: include: A battery stack and an electronic device as claimed in claim 8.

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