Communication device and communication method

Abstract

This terminal has: a control unit that encodes an information bit by using a Polar code; and a transmission unit that transmits a code word corresponding to the information bit to another communication device. The control unit determines, on the basis of a specific condition, the position of a known bit to be added when encoding the information bit.

Description

Communication device and communication method

[0001] The present invention relates to a communication device and a communication method in a wireless communication system.

[0002] The 3GPP (registered trademark) (3rd Generation Partnership Project) is currently studying a wireless communication method called 5G or NR (New Radio) (hereinafter, this wireless communication method will be referred to as "NR") in order to achieve a larger system capacity, a higher data transmission speed, and a lower latency in wireless sections. In 5G, various wireless technologies and network architectures are being studied to meet the requirements of achieving a throughput of 10 Gbps or more while reducing the latency in wireless sections to 1 ms or less (for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).

[0003] Furthermore, various requirements are being considered for the next generation, 6G, such as ultra broadband communication, mission critical communication, ultra massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, and ubiquitous sensing.

[0004] To achieve these requirements, new concepts include extensibility (e.g., making it more future-proof), easy-operational, customizable (e.g., making it easier to operate), and sustainability (e.g., reducing costs, having a more robust configuration, and being resilient). Also, guaranteed communication, which always guarantees a minimum level of performance, is being considered.

[0005] 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.6.0 (2023-09)3GPP TS 38.401 V17.6.0 (2023-09)E. Arikan, "A Short Course on Polar Coding Theory and Applications"3GPP TS 38.212 V17.6.0 (2023-09)

[0006] In NR, polar coding is adopted (see Non-Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Document 4). When polar coding is applied to a data channel, there are two decoding methods: successive cancellation (SC) decoding and brief propagation (BP) decoding. Here, in successive cancellation decoding, processing delay increases in proportion to the length of the information bit sequence, and in belief propagation decoding, performance may deteriorate.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to improve the characteristics of the polar coding method in a wireless communication system.

[0008] According to the disclosed technology, a communication device is provided that has a control unit that encodes information bits using a polar code and a transmission unit that transmits a code word corresponding to the information bits to another communication device, and the control unit determines the position of a known bit to be added when encoding the information bits based on specific conditions.

[0009] According to the disclosed technology, it is possible to improve the characteristics of the polar coding method in a wireless communication system.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of communication channel polarization. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of polar coding. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of decoding by successive elimination decoding. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating examples of sequential processing and parallel processing. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of decoding by belief propagation decoding (1). FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of decoding by belief propagation decoding (2). FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of decoding by belief propagation decoding (3). FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a processing delay of successive elimination decoding and belief propagation decoding. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of operation (1) related to encoding processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of operation (2) related to encoding processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of operation (3) related to encoding processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of operation (4) related to encoding processing according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the functional configuration of a terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station 10 or a terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0012] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, existing technology is used as appropriate. However, the existing technology is, for example, the existing LTE, but is not limited to the existing LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced and systems subsequent to LTE-Advanced (e.g., NR), unless otherwise specified.

[0013] In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention described below, terms such as SS (Synchronization signal), PSS (Primary SS), SSS (Secondary SS), PBCH (Physical broadcast channel), PRACH (Physical random access channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) used in existing LTE are used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc. may be called by other names. In addition, the above-mentioned terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even if a signal is used in NR, it is not necessarily stated as "NR-".

[0014] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the duplex method may be a TDD (Time Division Duplex) method, an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) method, or other methods (for example, Flexible Duplex, etc.).

[0015] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "configuring" radio parameters etc. may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from the base station 10 or the terminal 20 are set.

[0016] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a base station 10 and a terminal 20. Although Fig. 1 shows one base station 10 and one terminal 20, this is an example, and there may be a plurality of each.

[0017] The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the terminal 20. The physical resources of a wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and the frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or the number of resource blocks. The base station 10 transmits a synchronization signal and system information to the terminal 20. The synchronization signal is, for example, NR-PSS and NR-SSS. The system information is, for example, transmitted via NR-PBCH and is also referred to as broadcast information. The synchronization signal and system information may also be referred to as SSB (SS / PBCH block). As shown in FIG. 1 , the base station 10 transmits control signals or data to the terminal 20 via DL (Downlink) and receives control signals or data from the terminal 20 via UL (Uplink). Both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 are capable of transmitting and receiving signals by performing beamforming. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 can apply MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication to DL or UL. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may communicate via a secondary cell (SCell: Secondary Cell) and a primary cell (PCell: Primary Cell) using CA (Carrier Aggregation). Furthermore, the terminal 20 may communicate via a primary cell of the base station 10 and a primary secondary cell group cell (PSCell: Primary SCG Cell) of another base station 10 using DC (Dual Connectivity).

[0018] The terminal 20 is a communication device equipped with a wireless communication function, such as a smartphone, a mobile phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal, or an M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module. As shown in Fig. 1, the terminal 20 receives control signals or data from the base station 10 via DL and transmits control signals or data to the base station 10 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system. The terminal 20 also receives various reference signals transmitted from the base station 10 and measures propagation path quality based on the reception results of the reference signals.

[0019] Furthermore, various requirements are being considered for the next generation, 6G, such as ultra broadband communication, mission critical communication, ultra massive connection, universal coverage, intelligent connection, ubiquitous sensing, and the like.

[0020] Furthermore, the requirements may be ultra-high speed communication, large capacity communication, ultra-extended coverage, ultra-low power consumption, low cost, ultra-low latency, ultra-reliable communication, ultra-multiple connections and sensing, etc.

[0021] To achieve these requirements, new concepts include extensibility (e.g., making it more future-proof), easy-operational, customizable (e.g., making it easier to operate), and sustainability (e.g., reducing costs, having a more robust configuration, and being resilient). Also, guaranteed communication, which always guarantees a minimum level of performance, is being considered.

[0022] Furthermore, one of the important elemental technologies that should be considered is error correction coding. Polar coding is a candidate for error correction coding that can achieve the above requirements (see Non-Patent Document 3).

[0023] Polar coding is a coding technique that uses channel polarization to achieve error characteristics that approach the Shannon limit. In 5G NR, it is used as an error correction code for the control channel. It is expected to be a promising candidate for error correction coding in 6G as well.

[0024] Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of channel polarization (see Non-Patent Document 3). As shown in Fig. 2, channel polarization converts uniform original channels into polarized new channels by combining and splitting them.

[0025] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example (1) of polar coding. As shown in FIG. 3, polar coding combines and decomposes communication channels of the same quality into communication channels polarized into good communication channels and poor communication channels. In the polar coding example of FIG. 3, the poor communication channel is ８ （０） , W ８ （１） , W ８ （２） , W ８ （４） and a good communication channel is ８ （３） , W ８ （５） , W ８ （６） , W ８ （７） is.

[0026] FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example (2) of polar coding. In polar coding, frozen bits, i.e., redundant bits known to the transmitting and receiving sides, are input as, for example, 0, to a poor communication channel. Excellent characteristics are achieved by inputting information bits to a good communication channel. The coding rate can be changed by changing the number of frozen bits. The example in FIG. 4 shows an example in which the coding rate R=1 / 2 is composed of 4 frozen bits and 4 information bits. As shown in FIG. 4, in a poor communication channel W ８ （０） , W ８ （１） , W ８ （２） , W ８ （４） A freeze bit of 0 is input to

[0027] In successive cancellation decoding, the communication channel after polarization is decoded in order. The frozen bits are known between the transmitter and receiver, so there is no need to decode them. To decode the information bits, the higher-order decoding results are required, so decoding proceeds from the higher order.

[0028] 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of decoding by successive cancellation decoding. FIG. 5 shows an example of decoding the sixth channel in eight-channel polarization. As shown in FIG. 5, u ６ To decrypt, u ０ , u １ , u ２ , u ３ , u ４ , u ５ It is necessary to know in advance. ０ Based on the decoding result of １ is decoded, followed by u ０ and u １ Based on the decoding result of ２ The decoding process is performed sequentially so that

[0029] Successive cancellation decoding has a fundamental processing delay due to the sequential processing. Since the decoding is performed in order using the decoding results of the most significant information bits, the fundamental processing delay increases in proportion to the length of the information bit sequence.

[0030] 6 is a diagram for explaining examples of sequential processing and parallel processing. As shown in FIG. 6, when processing C is performed using results X and Y of processing A and processing B to obtain a final output Z, sequential processing involves sequentially executing processing A, processing B, and processing C. On the other hand, when processing A and processing B can be processed in parallel, as shown in FIG. 6, processing delay is reduced compared to sequential processing. However, processing C requires results X and Y, and therefore cannot be processed in parallel with processing A or processing B. Therefore, processing delay occurs. Therefore, we consider the application of belief propagation decoding, which can significantly reduce processing delay through parallel processing.

[0031] 7 is a diagram illustrating an example (1) of decoding by belief propagation decoding. In belief propagation decoding, a log likelihood ratio (LLR) called a message is propagated. As shown in FIG. 7, R messages are first propagated from left to right. The leftmost message is initialized with the frozen bit set to infinity and the information bit set to 0.

[0032] 8 is a diagram for explaining an example (2) of decoding by belief propagation decoding. After the process shown in FIG. 7, L messages are propagated from right to left. The rightmost message is initialized as the LLR of the received signal y.

[0033] 9 is a diagram for explaining an example (3) of decoding by belief propagation decoding. The processes shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 are repeated T times to output a highly accurate decoding result. Due to parallel processing, the processing delay in belief propagation decoding is proportional to the number of iterations T.

[0034] Fig. 10 is a diagram for explaining the processing delay of successive cancellation decoding and belief propagation decoding. Fig. 10 shows the principle processing delay with respect to the codeword length N. As shown in Fig. 10, for large codeword lengths, belief propagation decoding reduces the processing delay more than successive cancellation decoding. In other words, belief propagation decoding is suitable for decoding data channels that handle large codeword lengths.

[0035] In the example of FIG. 10, the codeword length N=2 ７As described above, the delay of belief propagation decoding with the number of iterations T=20 is smaller than the delay of successive cancellation decoding. Note that the delay of belief propagation decoding increases as the number of iterations T increases.

[0036] On the other hand, even if the frozen bits are optimized, belief propagation decoding has worse performance than list-type decoding and CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check), and there is a concern that when the codeword length is short, likelihood updates will not be performed due to loops, resulting in worse performance.

[0037] When polar coding is applied to a data channel, in successive cancellation decoding, the error correction capability approaches the Shannon limit as the information bit sequence length increases. On the other hand, the processing delay increases in proportion to the information bit sequence length. Also, when polar coding is applied to a data channel, in belief propagation decoding, the processing delay can be significantly reduced by applying parallel processing. On the other hand, performance deteriorates due to changes in the decoding process.

[0038] Therefore, it is desirable to apply successive cancellation decoding, which has good characteristics, when the codeword length is short, and belief propagation decoding, which has small processing delay, when the codeword length is long.

[0039] Furthermore, the error rate of each bit differs between successive cancellation decoding and belief propagation decoding. Therefore, the optimal frozen bit positions differ. Note that the optimal frozen bit positions corresponding to each decoding method can be theoretically derived. Therefore, the frozen bit positions may be optimized according to the decoding process.

[0040] In 5G NR, polar coding is adopted, and the frozen bit positions are specified by the standard. The method for determining the frozen bit positions differs depending on the rate matching (bit selection) method. However, there is no variability depending on the setting.

[0041] 11 is a flowchart showing an example (1) of an operation related to the encoding process in an embodiment of the present invention. In step S101, the base station 10 or the terminal 20 determines whether a specific condition is met. If the specific condition is met (YES in S101), the process proceeds to step S102. If the specific condition is not met (NO in S101), the process ends. In step S102, the base station 10 or the terminal 20 changes parameters related to the encoding process of the polar code. Subsequently, the base station 10 or the terminal 20 may perform polar encoding using the parameters and transmit the codeword to the terminal 20 or the base station 10.

[0042] When polar codes are used as a channel coding method, the parameters related to the coding process may be changed according to specific conditions.

[0043] The specific condition may be any one of the conditions shown in 1) to 4) below, or a combination of multiple conditions.

[0044] 1) The condition may be specified in the specifications. For example, the specification may specify that a parameter related to the encoding process is set based on the codeword length. For example, the codeword length is 2. Ｎ (For example, N is 6) and if this condition is met, that is, if the codeword length is 2, Ｎ When the condition is not met, i.e., when the codeword length is 2, Ｎ In the case where the bit rate is not larger than the threshold value, different parameters for the encoding process may be determined, for example, different frozen bit allocations may be determined.

[0045] 2) The condition may be set by RRC signaling. For example, the condition may be set by RRC signaling to execute an operation of setting parameters related to the encoding process based on the codeword length. For example, when the codeword length is 2 Ｎ (For example, N is 6) and if this condition is met, that is, if the codeword length is 2, Ｎ When the condition is not met, i.e., when the codeword length is 2, ＮIn the case where the bit rate is not larger than the threshold value, different parameters for the encoding process may be determined, for example, different frozen bit allocations may be determined.

[0046] 3) The condition may be notified by MAC-CE. For example, the MAC-CE may notify that an operation for setting parameters related to the encoding process is performed based on the codeword length. For example, if the codeword length is 2 Ｎ (For example, N is 6) and if this condition is met, that is, if the codeword length is 2, Ｎ When the condition is not met, i.e., when the codeword length is 2, Ｎ In the case where the bit rate is not larger than the threshold value, different parameters for the encoding process may be determined, for example, different frozen bit allocations may be determined.

[0047] 4) The condition may be notified by DCI. For example, the DCI may notify that an operation for setting parameters related to the encoding process is performed based on the codeword length. For example, when the codeword length is 2, Ｎ (For example, N is 6) and if this condition is met, that is, if the codeword length is 2, Ｎ When the condition is not met, i.e., when the codeword length is 2, Ｎ In the case where the bit rate is not larger than the threshold value, different parameters for the encoding process may be determined, for example, different frozen bit allocations may be determined.

[0048] The parameters related to the encoding process may be any one of the following 1) and 2), or a combination of multiple parameters.

[0049] 1) The position of the frozen bit, that is, the position of the known bit that is added separately during encoding, rather than the information bit. 2) The position of the information bit.

[0050] If the codeword length is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the base station 10 or terminal 20 may set the frozen bit positions corresponding to belief propagation decoding. If the codeword length is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the base station 10 or terminal 20 may set the frozen bit positions corresponding to successive elimination decoding. The receiving terminal 20 or base station 10 may perform reception assuming parameters related to the encoding process, or may perform decoding assuming the frozen bit positions determined by the above-mentioned operation.

[0051] By performing the above-described operation, the coding performance can be improved by adopting the optimum frozen bit position depending on the conditions.

[0052] 12 is a flowchart showing an example (2) of an operation related to the encoding process in an embodiment of the present invention. In step S201, the terminal 20 or the base station 10 determines whether a specific condition is met. If the specific condition is met (YES in S201), the process proceeds to step S202, and if the specific condition is not met (NO in S201), the process ends. In step S202, the terminal 20 or the base station 10 changes parameters related to processing when receiving or decoding a signal encoded using a polar code.

[0053] When polar codes are used as a channel coding method, parameters relating to processing at the time of reception or decoding may be changed according to specific conditions.

[0054] The specific condition may be any one of the conditions shown in 1) to 4) below, or a combination of multiple conditions.

[0055] 1) The condition may be a condition specified in the specifications. For example, the specifications may specify that an operation for setting parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding is to be performed based on an allowable delay amount. For example, on the condition that the allowable delay amount is greater than a predetermined value, different parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding may be determined when the condition is satisfied and when the condition is not satisfied.

[0056] 2) The condition may be set by RRC signaling. For example, the RRC signaling may be set to execute an operation of setting parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding based on an allowable delay amount. For example, on the condition that the allowable delay amount is greater than a predetermined value, different parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding may be determined when the condition is satisfied and when the condition is not satisfied.

[0057] 3) The condition may be notified by MAC-CE. For example, the MAC-CE may notify that an operation for setting parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding based on an allowable delay amount is to be performed. For example, on the condition that the allowable delay amount is greater than a predetermined value, different parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding may be determined when the condition is satisfied and when the condition is not satisfied.

[0058] 4) The condition may be notified by the DCI. For example, the DCI may notify that an operation for setting parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding is to be performed based on an allowable delay amount. For example, on the condition that the allowable delay amount is greater than a predetermined value, different parameters related to processing at the time of reception or decoding may be determined when the condition is satisfied and when the condition is not satisfied.

[0059] The parameter related to the process at the time of receiving or decoding may be the number of iterations of a specific process, for example, message propagation when belief propagation decoding is performed as a decoding method.

[0060] By performing the above-described operations, it is possible to improve the coding performance by adopting the optimum parameters depending on the conditions.

[0061] 13 is a flowchart showing an example (3) of the operation related to the encoding process in the embodiment of the present invention. In step S301, the terminal 20 plans to transmit a signal encoded by a polar code. In step S302, the terminal 20 reports specific information to the base station 10 at a specific timing.

[0062] The specific timing in step S302 may be one or a combination of 1) and 2) shown below.

[0063] 1) The specific information may be transmitted at the same timing as the transmission. For example, the specific information may be multiplexed with the PUSCH and / or PUCCH transmission encoded by a polar code.

[0064] 2) It may be a timing before the transmission. The timing before the transmission may be specified by a specification, may be set by RRC signaling from the base station 10, or may be notified by MAC-CE and / or DCI from the base station 10. The timing before the transmission that is specified, set, or notified may be, for example, X milliseconds before, X slots before, X OFDM symbols before, etc.

[0065] The specific information in step S302 may be any one or a combination of the following 1) to 4).

[0066] 1) The position of the frozen bit. 2) An index indicating the position of the frozen bit. 3) The position of the information bit. 4) An index indicating the position of the information bit.

[0067] By the above-described operation, when the terminal 20 transmits a signal encoded by a polar code, it is possible to notify the base station 10 of necessary information at an appropriate timing.

[0068] 14 is a flowchart showing an example (4) of the operation related to the encoding process in the embodiment of the present invention. In step S401, the terminal 20 plans to transmit a signal encoded by a polar code. In step S402, the base station 10 notifies the terminal 20 of specific information at a specific timing.

[0069] The specific timing in step S402 may be a timing before the transmission. The timing before the transmission may be defined by a specification, may be set by RRC signaling from the base station 10, or may be notified by MAC-CE and / or DCI from the base station 10. The timing before the transmission that is defined, set, or notified may be, for example, X milliseconds before, X slots before, X OFDM symbols before, etc.

[0070] The specific information in step S402 may be any one or a combination of the following 1) to 5).

[0071] 1) Information indicating the decoding method supported by the base station 10. It may be successive cancellation decoding, belief propagation decoding, or successive cancellation decoding and belief propagation decoding. 2) Position of frozen bits. 3) Index indicating the position of frozen bits. 4) Position of information bits. 5) Index indicating the position of information bits.

[0072] If the specific information is not set or notified, the terminal 20 may operate as shown in 1) and / or 2) below.

[0073] 1) Default information (for example, the position of the default freeze bit) is defined in the specification, and the operation is performed according to the default information.

[0074] 2) A plurality of default pieces of information (for example, the position of the default frozen bit) are defined in the specification, and which of the plurality of pieces of information is to be used is determined based on other parameters (for example, the codeword length).

[0075] By the above-described operation, when the terminal 20 transmits a signal encoded by a polar code, it can obtain necessary information from the base station 10 at an appropriate timing.

[0076] The frozen bit may be rephrased as a "known bit (0 or 1) that is added when encoding information bits based on a polar code."

[0077] Note that some or all of this embodiment may be executed only when specific RRC parameters are set. The specific RRC parameters may indicate whether to enable or disable a control function for the location of frozen bits in the polar code, whether to enable or disable a reporting function for auxiliary information related to the location of frozen bits from the terminal 20, or whether to enable or disable a reporting function for auxiliary information related to a decoding method of the polar code in the base station 10.

[0078] This embodiment may be defined as a mandatory function (e.g., a mandatory function that does not require UE capability reporting) in specifications for a RAT different from 6G, for example, 5G-NR introduced after Release 20, or as an optional function (e.g., an optional function that requires UE capability reporting) in 5G-NR and / or 6G. If defined as an optional function, UE capability signaling may be defined to report to the network whether or not this embodiment is supported.

[0079] According to the above-described embodiment, the terminal 20 can apply a more appropriate coding scheme to the physical channel in a timely manner depending on the communication conditions.

[0080] That is, the characteristics of the polar coding method can be improved in a wireless communication system.

[0081] (Device Configuration) Next, a functional configuration example of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 that execute the processes and operations described above will be described. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 include functions for implementing the above-described embodiments. However, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may each include only a part of the functions of the embodiments.

[0082] <Base Station 10> Figure 15 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 15, the base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Figure 15 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can perform the operations related to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] The transmitter 110 has a function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 side and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The transmitter 110 also transmits inter-network node messages to other network nodes. The receiver 120 has a function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and acquiring, for example, information of higher layers from the received signals. The transmitter 110 also has a function of transmitting NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL control signals, etc. to the terminal 20. The receiver 120 also receives inter-network node messages from other network nodes.

[0084] The setting unit 130 stores preset setting information and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20. The setting information includes, for example, information relating to the setting of the encoding method.

[0085] As described in the embodiment, the control unit 140 controls the setting of the encoding method. The control unit 140 also executes scheduling. The signal transmission-related functional unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the transmitting unit 110, and the signal reception-related functional unit of the control unit 140 may be included in the receiving unit 120.

[0086] <Terminal 20> Fig. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20 in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 16, terminal 20 has a transmitting unit 210, a receiving unit 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Fig. 16 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can execute the operations related to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] The transmitter 210 creates a transmission signal from transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiver 220 wirelessly receives various signals and acquires higher layer signals from the received physical layer signals. The receiver 220 also has a function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL / SL control signals, and the like transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the transmitter 210 transmits a PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), a PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), a PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), and the like to another terminal 20 as D2D communication, and the receiver 220 receives the PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH, or PSBCH, and the like, from the other terminal 20.

[0088] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the base station 10 by the receiving unit 220. The setting unit 230 also stores setting information that is set in advance. The content of the setting information is, for example, information related to the setting of the encoding method.

[0089] As described in the embodiment, the control unit 240 controls the setting of the encoding method. The function unit related to signal transmission in the control unit 240 may be included in the transmitting unit 210, and the function unit related to signal reception in the control unit 240 may be included in the receiving unit 220.

[0090] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagrams (FIGS. 15 and 16) used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0091] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0092] For example, the base station 10, the terminal 20, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0093] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0094] Each function in the base station 10 and the terminal 20 is realized by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001, the memory device 1002, etc., so that the processor 1001 performs calculations, controls communication by the communication device 1004, and controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory device 1002 and the auxiliary memory device 1003.

[0095] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 140, control unit 240, etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0096] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with the programs. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in FIG. 15 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and running on the processor 1001. Furthermore, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in FIG. 16 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and running on the processor 1001. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may also be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0097] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured, for example, by at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] The secondary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of the storage device 1002 and the secondary storage device 1003.

[0099] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, a transmission / reception antenna, an amplifier unit, a transmission / reception unit, a transmission path interface, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit may be implemented as a transmission unit and a reception unit that are physically or logically separated.

[0100] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0101] Furthermore, each device such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0102] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0103] Fig. 18 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 18, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0104] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0105] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0106] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a front or rear wheel rotation speed signal obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, a front or rear wheel air pressure signal obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0107] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013 or the like to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.) that output information to the outside.

[0108] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driving burden on the driver, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0109] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0110] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0111] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021-2028 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0112] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc. provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0113] (Summary of the embodiment) As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a communication device having a control unit that encodes information bits using a polar code and a transmission unit that transmits a code word corresponding to the information bits to another communication device, wherein the control unit determines, based on a specific condition, the position of a known bit to be added when encoding the information bits.

[0114] With the above configuration, the terminal 20 can apply a more appropriate coding scheme to the physical channel in a timely manner depending on the communication conditions. That is, the characteristics of the polar coding scheme can be improved in the wireless communication system.

[0115] The control unit may determine the positions of the known bits based on the length of the codeword. With this configuration, the terminal 20 can timely apply a more appropriate coding scheme to the physical channel depending on communication conditions.

[0116] The control unit may determine the positions of the known bits corresponding to belief propagation decoding when the length of the codeword is greater than a certain value. With this configuration, the terminal 20 can timely apply a more appropriate coding scheme to the physical channel depending on communication conditions.

[0117] The control unit may determine the positions of the known bits corresponding to successive cancellation decoding when the length of the codeword is not greater than a certain value. With this configuration, the terminal 20 can timely apply a more appropriate coding scheme to the physical channel depending on communication conditions.

[0118] The terminal 20 may further include a receiver that receives a codeword encoded by a polar code from another communication device, and the controller may determine the number of iterations in belief propagation decoding to be applied to the received codeword based on a specific condition. With this configuration, the terminal 20 can timely apply a more appropriate encoding scheme to the physical channel depending on the communication conditions.

[0119] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a communication method in which a communication device executes the steps of encoding information bits using a polar code, transmitting a code word corresponding to the information bits to another communication device, and determining, based on specific conditions, the positions of known bits to be added when encoding the information bits.

[0120] With the above configuration, the terminal 20 can apply a more appropriate coding scheme to the physical channel in a timely manner according to the communication conditions. That is, in the wireless communication system, the characteristics of the polar coding scheme can be improved.

[0121] (Supplementary Notes on the Embodiments) Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, and substitutions. While specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention; matters described in two or more items may be used in combination as needed, and matters described in one item may apply to matters described in another item (as long as there is no contradiction). Boundaries between functional units or processing units in functional block diagrams do not necessarily correspond to boundaries between physical components. The operations of multiple functional units may be performed by a single physical component, or the operations of a single functional unit may be performed by multiple physical components. The order of processing steps described in the embodiments may be reversed as long as there is no contradiction. For convenience of processing description, the base station 10 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams, but such devices may be realized by hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the base station 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may each be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, register, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server, or any other suitable storage medium.

[0122] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0123] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of systems using LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (New Radio), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wide Band), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable systems, and next-generation systems enhanced based on these. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G, etc.) may also be applied.

[0124] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be rearranged unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0125] In this specification, a specific operation described as being performed by the base station 10 may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having the base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 may be performed by at least one of the base station 10 and another network node other than the base station 10 (such as, but not limited to, an MME or an S-GW). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (such as an MME and an S-GW).

[0126] The information, signals, etc. described in the present disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0127] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be transmitted to another device.

[0128] In the present disclosure, the determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0129] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0130] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0131] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0132] Note that terms described in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0133] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0134] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0135] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0136] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "base station device," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. A base station may also be referred to by terms such as a macrocell, a small cell, a femtocell, and a picocell.

[0137] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (RRH: Remote Radio Head)). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage.

[0138] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0139] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," and the like may be used interchangeably.

[0140] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0141] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be a mobile object that moves autonomously based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0142] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0143] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal described above.

[0144] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0145] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0146] The reference signal may be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal) or may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0147] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0148] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0149] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0150] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0151] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0152] Numerology may be communication parameters that apply to the transmission and / or reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing operations performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

[0153] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0154] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0155] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0156] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0157] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate wireless resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each terminal 20) to each terminal 20 in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0158] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0159] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0160] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0161] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0162] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of the numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on the numerology.

[0163] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0164] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0165] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0166] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0167] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0168] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0169] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples, and various changes may be made to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc.

[0170] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0171] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0172] The aspects / embodiments described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0173] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0174] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 Base station 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Setting unit 140 Controller 20 Terminal 210 Transmitter 220 Receiver 230 Setting unit 240 Controller 1001 Processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device

Claims

1. A communication device having a control unit that encodes information bits using a polar code and a transmission unit that transmits a code word corresponding to the information bits to another communication device, wherein the control unit determines the position of a known bit to be added when encoding the information bits based on specific conditions.

2. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines the positions of the known bits based on the length of the codeword.

3. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit determines the positions of the known bits corresponding to belief propagation decoding when the length of the codeword is greater than a certain value.

4. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein said control unit determines the positions of said known bits corresponding to successive cancellation decoding when the length of said codeword is not greater than a certain value.

5. A communication device as described in claim 1, further comprising a receiving unit that receives a codeword encoded using a polar code from another communication device, wherein the control unit determines the number of iterations in belief propagation decoding to be applied to the received codeword based on specific conditions.

6. A communication method in which a communication device executes the steps of: encoding information bits using a polar code; transmitting a code word corresponding to the information bits to another communication device; and determining, based on specific conditions, the position of a known bit to be added when encoding the information bits.

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