Pilot signal transmission method and apparatus, and system

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a pilot signal transmission method and apparatus, and a system, which are used for reducing the correlation between pilot signals in the same time period. The method can be applied to a first terminal apparatus, and comprises: generating pilot signals respectively corresponding to at least two time units, wherein the pilot signals respectively corresponding to the at least two time units are different from each other; and respectively sending to a network apparatus the corresponding pilot signals on the at least two time units.

Description

Pilot signal transmission method, device and system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on October 31, 2023, with application number 202311437918.8 and application name “Method, device and system for transmitting pilot signals”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, device, and system for transmitting a pilot signal. Background Art

[0003] In communication systems, pilot signals are typically used by a transmitter or receiver to obtain instantaneous channel information. A pilot signal can be, for example, a sounding reference signal (SRS) sent by a terminal device to a network device. The SRS helps the network device obtain instantaneous channel information from the terminal device to the network device.

[0004] The SRS may include a Zadeoff-Chu (ZC) sequence. Typically, a terminal device may send a ZC sequence to a network device on a particular symbol. When two terminal devices send different ZC sequences to the network device on the same symbol, the correlation coefficient between the two ZC sequences is high, causing one pilot signal to experience significant interference from the other pilot signal, resulting in the network device being unable to accurately obtain instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a method, apparatus, and system for transmitting a pilot signal, which are used to reduce the correlation of pilot signals within the same time period.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, a method for transmitting a pilot signal is provided. A device performing the pilot signal transmission method may be a first terminal device, or a module implemented in the first terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system. The pilot signal transmission method includes generating pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units, each corresponding to a different pilot signal; and transmitting the corresponding pilot signals to a network device during each of the at least two time units.

[0009] Taking two terminal devices sending pilot signals in two time units as an example, the technical effect of the pilot signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application is explained. Assume that the first terminal device sends a first pilot signal in the first time unit and a second pilot signal in the second time unit; the second terminal device sends a third pilot signal in the first time unit and a fourth pilot signal in the second time unit; the correlation coefficient between the first pilot signal and the third pilot signal is the first correlation coefficient, and the correlation coefficient between the second pilot signal and the fourth pilot signal is the second correlation coefficient. In the case where the pilot signal includes a complex sequence, the first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient can be complex. For the same terminal device, the pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units are different, that is, the first pilot signal is different from the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal is different from the fourth pilot signal. In other words, the pilot signal participating in the calculation of the first correlation coefficient is not the pilot signal participating in the calculation of the second correlation coefficient. Therefore, the phase values ​​of the first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient are most likely different, thereby avoiding the same-direction superposition of the correlation coefficients. The first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient can be energy-normalized after incoherent superposition, and the result obtained will be smaller than the first correlation coefficient or the second correlation coefficient. In other words, compared to existing pilot signal transmission methods, the pilot signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the correlation of pilot signals within the same time period, so that one pilot signal is less subject to interference from other pilot signals, thereby facilitating the network device to more accurately obtain instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect described above, in one possible implementation, the pilot signals transmitted by the first terminal device and other terminal devices other than the first terminal device in the same time unit are different. In this solution, since different devices transmit different pilot signals in the same time unit, the correlation coefficient of the pilot signals transmitted by different devices in the same time unit is not an autocorrelation coefficient. Given that the autocorrelation coefficient is very high, typically 1, this solution can further reduce the correlation of pilot signals in the same time unit, thereby reducing the interference of one pilot signal from other pilot signals, thereby facilitating the network device to more accurately obtain instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect above, in a possible implementation, the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively belong to a pilot signal set, and the pilot signal set includes K different pilot signals, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Exemplarily, the K different pilot signals may respectively include a ZC sequence with x1 as the root, a ZC sequence with x2 as the root, ..., and a ZC sequence with x Kis a ZC sequence with roots, where x1, x2, ..., x K Different from each other.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect above, in a possible implementation, the roots of the Zadow-Chow ZC sequence included in the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units belong to a root set, and the root set includes K different roots, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Exemplarily, the root set can be x1, x2, ..., x K The set of x1, x2, ..., x K Different from each other.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect above, in a possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving indication information from the network device, the indication information being used to indicate that the identifier of the first terminal device is i, or the indication information being used to indicate the i-th row of the first matrix; wherein i is a positive integer less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; and generating pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively, including: generating pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively based on the at least two time units, the indication information, and the first matrix. In this solution, the network device can assign the first terminal device a row index i of the first matrix, so that the first terminal device can generate pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively according to the i-th row of the first matrix.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect above, in a possible implementation, the at least two time units include a p-th time unit and a q-th time unit, where p and q are positive integers and p≠q; generating pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units based on the at least two time units, the indication information, and the first matrix, includes: according to the element x in the i-th row and p-th column of the first matrix, ip Generate the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit; according to the element x in the i-th row and q-th column of the first matrix iq Generate a pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit. In this solution, the index of the time unit can be a column index of the first matrix.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes x ip is the root of the ZC sequence, x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes x iq In this solution, the first matrix may be composed of the roots of the ZC sequence.

[0016] In combination with the above first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first matrix is ​​a circulant matrix, or the first matrix is ​​transformed into a circulant matrix through row exchange and / or column exchange.

[0017] In combination with the foregoing first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first matrix is ​​a Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes y ip The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β ip The multiplied sequence, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix; x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes y iq The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β iq The multiplied sequence, y iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the third matrix. In this scheme, the third matrix introduces phase rotation weighting, which can increase the probability that the correlation coefficients of pilot signals sent by different devices in each time unit are different from each other, thereby further avoiding the same-direction superposition of correlation coefficients. Since multiple different correlation coefficients are energy-normalized after incoherent superposition, the result obtained will be smaller than any correlation coefficient. Therefore, compared with the existing pilot signal transmission method, this scheme can effectively reduce the correlation of pilot signals in the same time period, so that one pilot signal is less interfered with by other pilot signals, which is conducive to the network device to more accurately obtain the instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0019] In combination with the above first aspect, in a possible implementation, the second matrix is ​​a circulant matrix or each row of the second matrix is ​​the same, and the third matrix is ​​a discrete Fourier transform DFT matrix or a Hadamard matrix.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, K = 2; when i = 1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is conjugate to the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i = 2; when i = 2, the sequence obtained by multiplying the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit by -1 is the same as the conjugate sequence of the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i = 1. In this solution, phase rotation weighting can also be introduced to the multiplication of the sequence by -1 and the conjugation of the sequence, thereby increasing the probability that the correlation coefficients of the pilot signals transmitted by different devices in each time unit are different, thereby further avoiding the superposition of the correlation coefficients in the same direction. Since multiple different correlation coefficients are energy-normalized after incoherent superposition, the result obtained will be smaller than any correlation coefficient. Therefore, compared with the existing pilot signal transmission method, this scheme can effectively reduce the correlation of pilot signals in the same time period, so that one pilot signal is less subject to interference from other pilot signals, which in turn helps the network device to more accurately obtain the instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0021] In combination with the above-mentioned first aspect, in one possible implementation, when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is a ZC sequence with x1 as the root; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is multiplied by -1, which is a ZC sequence with x2 as the root.

[0022] With reference to the foregoing first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signals are different, including: roots and / or cyclic shifts of ZC sequences included in the pilot signals are different.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the pilot signals being different include: at least one of the cubic term, quadratic term, or linear term of a cubic exponential sequence included in the pilot signal being different. When the pilot signal includes other types of sequences, "pilot signals being different" may have other similar definitions, and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0024] In a second aspect, a method for transmitting a pilot signal is provided. The device performing the pilot signal transmission method may be a network device, or a module implemented in the network device, such as a chip or chip system. The pilot signal transmission method includes: receiving corresponding pilot signals transmitted through a channel from a first terminal device over at least two time units; and estimating a channel between the first terminal device and the network device based on the pilot signals transmitted through the channel corresponding to the at least two time units and the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units, wherein the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units are different.

[0025] In combination with the second aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signal sent by the first terminal apparatus and other terminal apparatuses other than the first terminal apparatus in the same time unit is different.

[0026] In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation, the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively belong to a pilot signal set, and the pilot signal set includes K different pilot signals, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0027] In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the roots of the Zadows-Chow ZC sequence included in the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units belong to a root set, and the root set includes K different roots, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0028] In combination with the above-mentioned second aspect, in a possible implementation, the method also includes: sending indication information to the first terminal device, the indication information is used to indicate that the identifier of the first terminal device is i, or the indication information is used to indicate the i-th row of the first matrix; wherein i is a positive integer less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix are used for the first terminal device to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively.

[0029] In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation, the at least two time units include a p-th time unit and a q-th time unit, where p and q are positive integers and p≠q; the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix are used by the first terminal device to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively, including: the element x in the i-th row and p-th column of the first matrix ip The first terminal device generates a pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit; the element x in the i-th row and q-th column of the first matrix iq Used by the first terminal device to generate a pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit.

[0030] In combination with the second aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes x ip is the root of the ZC sequence, x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes x iq is the root ZC sequence.

[0031] In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first matrix is ​​a circulant matrix, or the first matrix is ​​transformed into a circulant matrix through row exchange and / or column exchange.

[0032] In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first matrix is ​​a Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix.

[0033] In combination with the second aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes y ip The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β ip The multiplied sequence, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix; x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes y iq The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β iq The multiplied sequence, y iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the third matrix.

[0034] In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation, the second matrix is ​​a circulant matrix or each row of the second matrix is ​​the same, and the third matrix is ​​a discrete Fourier transform DFT matrix or a Hadamard matrix.

[0035] In combination with the above-mentioned second aspect, in one possible implementation, K=2; when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit and the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=2 are conjugate to each other; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit multiplied by -1 and the conjugate sequence of the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=1 are the same sequence.

[0036] In combination with the above-mentioned second aspect, in one possible implementation, when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is a ZC sequence with x1 as the root; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is multiplied by -1, which is a ZC sequence with x2 as the root.

[0037] With reference to the second aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signals are different, including: roots and / or cyclic shifts of ZC sequences included in the pilot signals are different.

[0038] In combination with the second aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signal is different, including: at least one of the cubic term, the quadratic term, or the linear term of the cubic exponential sequence included in the pilot signal is different.

[0039] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided for implementing the above method. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the above method. The modules, units, or means can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software implementations. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.

[0040] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the communication device includes: a pilot signal generation module and a transceiver module. The pilot signal generation module is configured to generate pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units, respectively, where the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units are different; and the transceiver module is configured to transmit the corresponding pilot signals to a network device during the at least two time units.

[0041] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signals sent by the first terminal apparatus and other terminal apparatuses except the first terminal apparatus in the same time unit are different.

[0042] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation, the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively belong to a pilot signal set, and the pilot signal set includes K different pilot signals, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0043] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation, the roots of the Zadows-Chow ZC sequence included in the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units belong to a root set, and the root set includes K different roots, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0044] In combination with the above-mentioned third aspect, in a possible implementation method, the transceiver module is also used to receive indication information from the network device, and the indication information is used to indicate that the identifier of the first terminal device is i, or the indication information is used to indicate the i-th row of the first matrix; wherein i is a positive integer less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the pilot signal generation module is used to generate pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively, including: being used to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively based on the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix.

[0045] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation, the at least two time units include a p-th time unit and a q-th time unit, where p and q are positive integers and p≠q; the pilot signal generating module is configured to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units based on the at least two time units, the indication information, and the first matrix, including: ip Generate the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit; according to the element x in the i-th row and q-th column of the first matrix iq Generate a pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit.

[0046] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes x ip is the root of the ZC sequence, x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes x iq is the root ZC sequence.

[0047] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the first matrix is ​​a circulant matrix, or the first matrix is ​​transformed into a circulant matrix through row exchange and / or column exchange.

[0048] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation, the first matrix is ​​a Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix.

[0049] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes y ip The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β ip The multiplied sequence, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix; x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes y iq The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β iq The multiplied sequence, y iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the third matrix.

[0050] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation, the second matrix is ​​a circulant matrix or each row of the second matrix is ​​the same, and the third matrix is ​​a discrete Fourier transform DFT matrix or a Hadamard matrix.

[0051] In combination with the above-mentioned third aspect, in one possible implementation, K=2; when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit and the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=2 are conjugate to each other; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit multiplied by -1 and the conjugate sequence of the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=1 are the same sequence.

[0052] In combination with the above-mentioned third aspect, in one possible implementation method, when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is a ZC sequence with x1 as the root; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is multiplied by -1, which is a ZC sequence with x2 as the root.

[0053] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signals are different, including: roots and / or cyclic shifts of ZC sequences included in the pilot signals are different.

[0054] In combination with the third aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signal is different, including: at least one of the cubic term, the quadratic term, or the linear term of the cubic exponential sequence included in the pilot signal is different.

[0055] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided for implementing the above method. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the above method. The modules, units, or means can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software implementations. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.

[0056] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the communication device includes: a transceiver module and a channel estimation module. The transceiver module is configured to receive, over at least two time units, corresponding pilot signals transmitted through a channel from a first terminal device; the channel estimation module is configured to estimate a channel between the first terminal device and the network device based on the pilot signals transmitted through the channel corresponding to the at least two time units and the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units, wherein the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units are different.

[0057] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the pilot signals sent by the first terminal apparatus and other terminal apparatuses except the first terminal apparatus in the same time unit are different.

[0058] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation, the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively belong to a pilot signal set, and the pilot signal set includes K different pilot signals, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0059] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation, the roots of the Zadows-Chow ZC sequence included in the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units belong to a root set, and the root set includes K different roots, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0060] In combination with the above-mentioned fourth aspect, in a possible implementation method, the transceiver module is also used to send indication information to the first terminal device, and the indication information is used to indicate that the identifier of the first terminal device is i, or the indication information is used to indicate the i-th row of the first matrix; wherein i is a positive integer less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix are used for the first terminal device to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively.

[0061] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in one possible implementation, the at least two time units include a p-th time unit and a q-th time unit, where p and q are positive integers and p≠q; the at least two time units, the indication information, and the first matrix are used by the first terminal device to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units, respectively, including: the element x in the i-th row and p-th column of the first matrix ip The first terminal device generates a pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit; the element x in the i-th row and q-th column of the first matrix iq Used by the first terminal device to generate a pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit.

[0062] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes x ip is the root of the ZC sequence, x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes x iq is the root ZC sequence.

[0063] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the first matrix is ​​a circulant matrix, or the first matrix is ​​transformed into a circulant matrix through row exchange and / or column exchange.

[0064] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation, the first matrix is ​​a Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix.

[0065] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation, x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes y ip The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β ip The multiplied sequence, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix; x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes y iq The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β iq The multiplied sequence, y iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the third matrix.

[0066] In combination with the fourth aspect above, in a possible implementation, the second matrix is ​​a circulant matrix or each row of the second matrix is ​​the same, and the third matrix is ​​a discrete Fourier transform DFT matrix or a Hadamard matrix.

[0067] In combination with the above-mentioned fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, K=2; when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit and the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=2 are conjugate to each other; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit multiplied by -1 and the conjugate sequence of the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=1 are the same sequence.

[0068] In combination with the above-mentioned fourth aspect, in one possible implementation method, when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is a ZC sequence with x1 as the root; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit is multiplied by -1, which is a ZC sequence with x2 as the root.

[0069] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor is configured to be coupled to a memory, and after reading computer instructions stored in the memory, execute the method described in the first or second aspect above according to the instructions.

[0070] In combination with the fifth aspect above, in a possible implementation, the communication device further includes a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions.

[0071] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a communication interface; the communication interface is used for the communication device to communicate with other devices. Exemplarily, the communication interface can be a transceiver, an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or related circuits.

[0072] In conjunction with the fifth aspect above, in one possible implementation, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system. When the communication device is a chip system, the communication device may be composed of a chip or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0073] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, when the communication device is a chip or a chip system, the communication interface may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or related circuits on the chip or chip system. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0074] In a sixth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising: a first terminal device executing the method described in the first aspect, and a network device executing the method described in the second aspect.

[0075] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which instructions are stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer can execute the method described in the first or second aspect above.

[0076] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in any one of the first or second aspects above.

[0077] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any possible implementation method of the second to eighth aspects can be referred to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned first aspect or different implementation methods of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG2 is a first structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG3 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a pilot signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG4 is a first schematic diagram of a first terminal device sending a pilot signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG5 is a second schematic diagram of a first terminal device sending a pilot signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG6 is a third schematic diagram of a first terminal device sending a pilot signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] FIG7 is a fourth schematic diagram of a first terminal device sending a pilot signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG8 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] FIG9 is a third structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, a brief introduction to the relevant technologies or terms of the present application is first given as follows.

[0088] First, instantaneous channel information.

[0089] In wired communications, the transmission medium is relatively stable, facilitating stable signal transmission. However, in wireless communications, the wireless transmission environment is subject to variability and uncertainty, especially in multi-user and / or multi-antenna communications, where the wireless transmission environment becomes even more complex. Therefore, combating this variability and uncertainty in the wireless transmission environment has become a critical task.

[0090] At the transmitter of a wireless signal, if the instantaneous channel information can be used to pre-process the signal or information, the wireless transmission can be more closely matched to the instantaneous channel capacity, thereby achieving more efficient communication. To this end, the transmitter needs to obtain instantaneous channel information before sending the signal. Typically, the way to obtain instantaneous channel information is to perform channel measurement. Channel measurement can be performed at the transmitter or at the receiver. For example, in a time division duplexing (TDD) system, since the channel from the transmitter to the receiver has good reciprocity with the channel from the receiver to the transmitter, the transmitter can obtain instantaneous channel information by estimating the channel from the receiver to the transmitter. Obviously, the more accurate the instantaneous channel information obtained by the transmitter, the better.

[0091] In a cellular communication system, such as a long term evolution (LTE) system or a new radio (NR) system, before a base station transmits data to user equipment (UE), a reference signal transmitted between the UE and the base station can be used to help the base station obtain instantaneous channel information from the base station to the UE. These reference signals can be called SRSs. The base station can configure the UE to periodically send SRSs, or the base station can trigger the UE to send SRSs aperiodically through a mechanism. The mechanism is likely to continue to be used in future cellular communication systems.

[0092] The cellular network needs to be networked and serve multiple UEs. In order to avoid mutual interference between SRSs of multiple UEs within a cell and between cells, SRSs need to support a certain capacity and the correlation between SRSs is good, that is, the correlation between SRSs is low. Specifically, a base station can receive SRSs from multiple UEs in this cell. Among them, multiple SRSs can occupy orthogonal or non-orthogonal time-frequency resources. Specifically, multiple SRSs can preferentially occupy orthogonal time-frequency resources, so that different users can be distinguished by different orthogonal sequences included in the SRSs. When orthogonal time-frequency resources are insufficient, multiple SRSs can occupy non-orthogonal time-frequency resources, so that different users can be distinguished by different non-orthogonal sequences included in the SRSs. Assuming that the SRS1 sent by UE1 and the SRS2 sent by UE2 occupy the same time-frequency resources, then the lower the correlation between SRS1 and SRS2, when the base station estimates the channel between UE1 and the base station by parsing the received SRS1 transmitted through the channel, the lower the interference caused by the SRS2 transmitted through the channel received by the base station to the above-mentioned parsing process, and thus, the base station's estimation of the channel between UE1 and the base station is more accurate.

[0093] At the receiving end of wireless signals, instantaneous channel information is also required for accurate reception and demodulation. This information can be obtained by transmitting specific information known to both the transmitter and receiver on certain time-frequency resources. This information can be carried in a demodulation reference signal (DMRS). Since the receiving end knows the DMRS sent by the transmitter, it can estimate the channel from the transmitter to the receiver based on the received DMRS transmitted through the channel.

[0094] Second, the capacity of the pilot sequence.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, "sequence capacity" and "number of sequences" can be interchangeable. The pilot sequence is a sequence included in the pilot signal, which is uniformly described here and will not be repeated below.

[0096] With the development of multi-antenna technology and the increase in the number of users, the number of pilot sequences that need to be used simultaneously, including the number of SRSs and DMRSs, is also increasing. Therefore, it is urgent to increase the capacity of the pilot sequence.

[0097] However, there is an upper limit to the orthogonality capacity of pilot sequences transmitted in a single symbol. Further increasing the capacity of pilot sequences will introduce non-orthogonality between the pilot sequences. To mitigate the impact of non-orthogonality, it is necessary to optimize the correlation between non-orthogonal pilot sequences. Specifically, the correlation between non-orthogonal pilot sequences should be minimized to reduce the energy of mutual interference between them.

[0098] Just as there is a theoretical upper limit to the orthogonal capacity of pilot sequences transmitted on a single symbol, there is also a theoretical lower limit to non-orthogonal interference.

[0099] Third, the existing method for generating pilot sequences.

[0100] In the LTE system or the NR system, the number of pilot sequences is specified, that is, for the supported length, the number of pilot sequence groups needs to be greater than or equal to 30.

[0101] Generally, for structured sequences that can be expressed by general terms or formulas, the number of sequences can be associated with the length of the sequence. The longer the length of the sequence, the more sequences there are, and the more sequence groups there are. In an LTE system or an NR system, sequences of different lengths can be supported, but the structured sequences defined in the system do not support 30 sequence groups at all lengths, that is, the above-mentioned regulations on the number of pilot sequences are not met. In the case where the structured sequence does not support 30 sequence groups, a sequence obtained based on a computer search (computer generated sequence, CGS) can be used to generate a sequence of shorter length.

[0102] To meet the above requirements, taking the pilot signal as the SRS in the NR system or the DMRS based on discrete Fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) as an example, when the length of the pilot sequence is equal to 30, the pilot sequence can be generated by truncation based on the ZC sequence; when the length of the sequence is greater than 30, the pilot sequence can be generated by cyclic shift extension and lengthening based on the ZC sequence; when the length of the sequence is less than 30, the pilot sequence can be generated based on CGS. Among them, the DMRS based on DFT-S-OFDM can also be called transform precoding enabled DMRS.

[0103] It should be noted that the length of the DMRS sequence is not necessarily the same as the length of the ZC sequence. Assume that the length of the DMRS sequence is 30. Since the ZC sequence can achieve optimal correlation performance when its length is a prime number, the length of the ZC sequence can be 31. In this case, a DMRS sequence of length 30 can be obtained by truncating a ZC sequence of length 31 to a sequence of length 30. Alternatively, CGS can be obtained by performing quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation on a computer-generated sequence.

[0104] Simulation results show that for sequences with lengths less than 30, the correlation performance between CGSs still has room for improvement. For sequences with lengths greater than or equal to 30, different sequence groups are composed of different ZC sequences. The capacity of a ZC sequence can depend on the selected ZC sequence length. Theoretically, the maximum number of sequence groups supported can be equal to the length of the ZC sequence. Existing research has shown that supporting more sequence groups can achieve better channel sounding or channel estimation performance.

[0105] Fourth, the existing pilot sequence transmission method.

[0106] As described in the background, existing pilot sequence transmission methods transmit a single pilot sequence over a single symbol. From the perspective of a single pilot sequence, a ZC sequence with a prime length already achieves optimal orthogonal capacity, optimal non-orthogonal interference bound, and the non-orthogonal capacity corresponding to the optimal non-orthogonal interference bound.

[0107] In order to break through the optimal non-orthogonal interference bound that can be achieved by a single pilot sequence and further reduce the correlation between non-orthogonal pilot sequences, an embodiment of the present application provides a solution for transmitting multiple pilot sequences on multiple symbols.

[0108] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Among them, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship, for example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" in the present application is only a description of the associated relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" refers to two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple. In addition, in order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between identical or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily limit differences. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way for easy understanding.

[0109] The mobile communication system architecture diagram shown in FIG1 is a communication system 1000 used in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the communication system includes a radio access network 100 and a core network 200. Optionally, the communication system 1000 may also include the Internet 300. The radio access network 100 may include at least one radio access network device (such as 110a and 110b in FIG1 ) and at least one terminal device (such as 120a-120j in FIG1 ). The terminal device is wirelessly connected to the radio access network device, and the radio access network device is wirelessly or wiredly connected to the core network. The core network device and the radio access network device may be independent and distinct physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the radio access network device may be integrated into the same physical device, or a single physical device may integrate some of the functions of the core network device and some of the functions of the radio access network device. Terminal devices and radio access network devices may be connected to each other via wired or wireless connections. FIG1 is only a schematic diagram. The communication system may further include other network devices, such as a wireless relay device and a wireless backhaul device, which are not shown in FIG1 .

[0110] A radio access network device is an access device that a terminal device uses to access a communication system wirelessly. A radio access network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access network device in an open radio access network (ORAN), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system, a next-generation base station in a sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system. In another possible scenario, multiple access network (RAN) nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes implementing part of the base station's functions. For example, a RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU may be configured separately or in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU may be configured in a radio frequency device or radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0111] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in the ORAN system, CU may also be called O-CU (Open CU), DU may also be called O-DU, CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP, and RU may also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. The embodiments of the present application can be implemented by DU or RU.

[0112] The wireless access network device can be a macro base station (such as 110a in Figure 1), a micro base station or an indoor station (such as 110b in Figure 1), a relay node, a donor node, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and device form used by the wireless access network device. For ease of description, the following description uses a base station as an example of a wireless access network device.

[0113] A terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities that can send signals to a base station or receive signals from a base station. A terminal device may also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal device, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, etc. A terminal device may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable device, vehicle, drone, helicopter, airplane, ship, robot, robotic arm, smart home appliance, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal device.

[0114] Base stations and terminal devices can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of base stations and terminal devices.

[0115] The roles of base stations and terminal devices can be relative. For example, the helicopter or drone 120i in Figure 1 can be configured as a mobile base station. To terminal devices 120j accessing the wireless access network 100 via 120i, terminal device 120i is a base station. However, to base station 110a, 120i is a terminal device, meaning that communication between 110a and 120i occurs via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, communication between 110a and 120i can also occur via a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, 120i is also a base station relative to 110a. Therefore, base stations and terminal devices can be collectively referred to as communication devices. 110a and 110b in Figure 1 can be referred to as communication devices with base station functionality, while 120a-120j in Figure 1 can be referred to as communication devices with terminal device functionality.

[0116] Communication between base stations and terminal devices, between base stations, and between terminal devices can be carried out through authorized spectrum, unauthorized spectrum, or both; communication can be carried out through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0117] Functions such as synchronization, channel estimation, and perception can be achieved between the base station and the terminal device through sequences. In an embodiment of the present application, the base station can complete the detection or estimation of the uplink channel by receiving a pilot signal transmitted through the channel from the terminal device. The pilot signal sent by the terminal device to the base station can be SRS or DMRS. Similarly, the terminal device can complete the detection or estimation of the downlink channel by receiving a pilot signal transmitted through the channel from the base station. In particular, if the uplink channel and the downlink channel are reciprocal, then the above-mentioned detection or estimation results of the uplink channel can be directly or indirectly applied to the downlink channel.

[0118] In the embodiments of the present application, the functions of the base station may also be performed by a module (such as a chip) in the base station, or by a control subsystem that includes the base station functions. The control subsystem that includes the base station functions here may be a control center in the above-mentioned application scenarios such as smart grid, industrial control, smart transportation, and smart city. The functions of the terminal device may also be performed by a module (such as a chip or a modem) in the terminal device, or by a device that includes the terminal device functions.

[0119] In this application, a base station sends a downlink signal or downlink information to a terminal device, and the downlink information is carried on a downlink channel; the terminal device sends an uplink signal or uplink information to the base station, and the uplink information is carried on an uplink channel. In order to communicate with the base station, the terminal device needs to establish a wireless connection with the cell controlled by the base station. The cell with which the terminal device has established a wireless connection is called the serving cell of the terminal device. When the terminal device communicates with the serving cell, it will also be interfered with by signals from neighboring cells.

[0120] In the embodiments of the present application, the time domain symbol may be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a DFT-s-OFDM symbol. Unless otherwise specified, the symbols in the embodiments of the present application refer to time domain symbols.

[0121] Illustratively, the network device 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application may be 110a or 110b in FIG. 1 , and the first terminal device 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application may be any one of 120a - 120j in FIG. 1 .

[0122] Optionally, the relevant functions of the first terminal device or network device in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by a single device, or by multiple devices, or by one or more functional modules within a single device, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this. It is understood that the above functions can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0123] For example, the relevant functions of the first terminal device or network device in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented by the communication device 20 in Figure 2.

[0124] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 20 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 20 includes one or more processors 201, a communication circuit 202, and at least one communication interface (Figure 2 is merely an example of a communication interface 204 and a processor 201), and may optionally include a memory 203.

[0125] The processor 201 may be a CPU, a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.

[0126] The communication line 202 may include pathways for connecting different components.

[0127] Communication interface 204 can be a transceiver module for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, RAN, WLAN, etc. For example, the transceiver module can be a device such as a transceiver or a transceiver. Alternatively, communication interface 204 can be a transceiver circuit located within processor 201, used to implement signal input and output to the processor.

[0128] The memory 203 may be a device having a storage function. For example, it may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor via the communication line 202. The memory may also be integrated with the processor.

[0129] The memory 203 is used to store computer-executable instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 201. The processor 201 is used to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 203, thereby implementing the pilot signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0130] Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present application, the processor 201 may also perform processing-related functions in the pilot signal transmission method provided in the following embodiments of the present application, and the communication interface 204 is responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0131] The computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0132] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 2 .

[0133] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 20 may include multiple processors, such as processor 201 and processor 207 in Figure 2. Each of these processors may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0134] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication apparatus 20 may further include an output device 205 and an input device 206. The output device 205 communicates with the processor 201 and may display information in a variety of ways.

[0135] The communication device 20 can be a general-purpose device or a dedicated device. For example, the communication device 20 can be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, an in-vehicle terminal device, an embedded device, or a device having a similar structure to that shown in FIG2 . The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of the communication device 20.

[0136] The pilot signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIG1 and FIG2 .

[0137] As shown in FIG3 , a method for transmitting a pilot signal provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0138] Step S301: A first terminal device generates pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units, wherein the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units are different.

[0139] Exemplarily, the time unit in the embodiments of the present application may be a symbol.

[0140] In one possible implementation, the pilot signals in the embodiments of the present application differ, including: the roots and / or cyclic shifts of the ZC sequences included in the pilot signals differ. In another possible implementation, the pilot signals in the embodiments of the present application differ, including: at least one of the cubic term, quadratic term, or linear term of the cubic exponential sequence included in the pilot signals differs. When the pilot signals include other types of sequences, "different pilot signals" may have other similar definitions, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0141] Optionally, the pilot signals transmitted by the first terminal device and other terminal devices other than the first terminal device during the same time unit are different. In this solution, since different devices transmit different pilot signals during the same time unit, the correlation coefficient of the pilot signals transmitted by different devices during the same time unit is not an autocorrelation coefficient. Given that the autocorrelation coefficient is very high, typically 1, this solution can further reduce the correlation of pilot signals during the same time unit, thereby reducing interference from other pilot signals to one pilot signal, thereby facilitating the network device to more accurately obtain instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0142] Optionally, the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units belong to a pilot signal set, and the pilot signal set includes K different pilot signals, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Exemplarily, the K different pilot signals may include a ZC sequence with x1 as the root, a ZC sequence with x2 as the root, ..., and a ZC sequence with x K is a ZC sequence with roots, where x1, x2, ..., x K Different from each other.

[0143] Optionally, the roots of the ZC sequences included in the pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units belong to a root set, and the root set includes K different roots, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the root set can be composed of x1, x2, ..., x K The set of x1, x2, ..., x K Different from each other.

[0144] Optionally, the roots of the ZC sequences included in the pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units can be calculated using a preset formula. Examples of the above preset formulas can refer to existing standards. This application does not impose any restrictions on the method for selecting the roots.

[0145] Optionally, a method for transmitting a pilot signal provided by an embodiment of the present application also includes: the network device sends indication information to the first terminal device. Accordingly, the first terminal device receives the indication information from the network device. The indication information is used to indicate that the identifier of the first terminal device is i, or the indication information is used to indicate the i-th row of the first matrix; wherein i is a positive integer less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the first terminal device generates pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively, including: based on at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix generate pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively. In this scheme, the network device can assign the row index i of the first matrix to the first terminal device, so that the first terminal device can generate pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively according to the i-th row of the first matrix.

[0146] In one possible implementation, the network device may send the i-th row of the first matrix to the first terminal device, so that the first terminal device generates pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units based on the at least two time units and the i-th row of the first matrix. In this case, the first matrix may be known or unknown to the first terminal device, and this is not limited in any way in the embodiments of the present application.

[0147] Optionally, the at least two time units include a p-th time unit and a q-th time unit, where p and q are positive integers and p≠q; generating pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units based on the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix, comprising: according to the element x in the i-th row and p-th column of the first matrix ip Generate the pilot signal corresponding to the pth time unit; according to the element x in the i-th row and q-th column of the first matrix iq Generate a pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit. In this solution, the index of the time unit can be a column index of the first matrix.

[0148] Step S302: The first terminal device sends corresponding pilot signals to the network device in at least two time units. Correspondingly, the network device receives corresponding pilot signals transmitted through the channel from the first terminal device in at least two time units.

[0149] In the following examples, before the terminal device sends a corresponding pilot sequence on a certain symbol, the terminal device generates a corresponding pilot sequence on the symbol, which is uniformly explained here and will not be repeated below.

[0150] In one possible implementation, x ip The pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes x ip is the root of the ZC sequence, x iq The pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes x iq In this solution, the first matrix may be composed of the roots of the ZC sequence.

[0151] Optionally, the first matrix is ​​a circulant matrix, or the first matrix is ​​transformed into a circulant matrix by row exchange and / or column exchange.

[0152] Taking the first matrix as a K*K circulant matrix as an example, the first matrix can be expressed as:

[0153] Among them, x1, x2, ..., x K Different from each other. The network device can assign the first row of the first matrix to the first terminal device, the second row of the first matrix to the second terminal device, and so on, assigning the K-th row of the first matrix to the K-th terminal device. Each terminal device can generate a pilot sequence corresponding to K symbols according to the corresponding row, and send the corresponding pilot sequence on K symbols in sequence. Specifically, each terminal device can send a ZC sequence with the first element in the corresponding row as the root on the first symbol, send a ZC sequence with the second element in the corresponding row as the root on the second symbol, and so on, send a ZC sequence with the K-th element in the corresponding row as the root on the K-th symbol.

[0154] In the embodiment of the present application, the first terminal device may be any one of the first terminal device, the second terminal device, to the Kth terminal device in the above example. Taking the first terminal device as the first terminal device as an example, FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of the first terminal device sending a pilot sequence. The first terminal device may send a ZC sequence with x1 as the root on symbol 1, a ZC sequence with x2 as the root on symbol 2, and so on, and a ZC sequence with x1 as the root on symbol K. K In addition, the frequency domain resources occupied by the pilot sequences sent by the first terminal device on different symbols may be the same.

[0155] In another possible implementation, the first matrix is ​​the Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix.

[0156] In the embodiment of the present application, the first matrix is ​​the Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix, which can be expressed as: ip =y ip *β ip Where i and p are positive integers less than or equal to K, K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and x ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the first matrix, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix.

[0157] Optionally, the network device may send indication information to the first terminal device. Accordingly, the first terminal device receives the indication information from the network device. The indication information is used to indicate the i-th row of the second matrix and the j-th row of the third matrix; wherein i and j are positive integers less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Thus, the first terminal device can generate pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units, respectively, based on the at least two time units and the Hadamard product of the i-th row of the second matrix and the j-th row of the third matrix.

[0158] Similarly, the network device may also send the i-th row of the second matrix and the j-th row of the third matrix to the first terminal device, so that the first terminal device can generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units based on the at least two time units and the Hadamard product of the i-th row of the second matrix and the j-th row of the third matrix. In this case, the second matrix and the third matrix may be known or unknown to the first terminal device, and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0159] Optionally, the second matrix is ​​a circulant matrix or each row of the second matrix is ​​the same, and the third matrix is ​​a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix or a Hadamard matrix.

[0160] For example, the second matrix can be expressed as:

[0161] or

[0162] In the second example of the second matrix above, the i-th element of each row is x i .

[0163] Taking the third matrix as the DFT matrix as an example, the third matrix can be expressed as:

[0164] Among them, the elements in the third matrix Represents the phase adjustment value of the pilot sequence, n=0, 1, 2, 3, ..., K-1, m=0, 1, 2, 3, ..., K-1.

[0165] Optionally, x ip The pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes y ip The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β ip The multiplied sequence, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix; x iq The pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes y iq The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β iq The multiplied sequence, y iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the third matrix.

[0166] In this scheme, the third matrix introduces phase rotation weighting, which increases the probability that the correlation coefficients of pilot signals transmitted by different devices in each time unit will differ, further preventing the coherent superposition of correlation coefficients. Because multiple different correlation coefficients are energy-normalized after incoherent superposition, the resulting result is smaller than any single correlation coefficient. Therefore, compared to existing pilot signal transmission methods, this scheme can effectively reduce the correlation of pilot signals within the same time period. This reduces the interference from other pilot signals to a single pilot signal, thus enabling network devices to more accurately obtain instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0167] Taking the second matrix as the second example above and the third matrix as the above example, the network device can assign the first row of the first matrix to the first terminal device, the second row of the first matrix to the second terminal device, and so on, assigning the K-th row of the first matrix to the K-th terminal device. Each terminal device can generate a pilot sequence corresponding to K symbols according to the corresponding row, and send the corresponding pilot sequence on the K symbols in sequence. Specifically, each terminal device can send a pilot sequence with a root of x1 and a phase adjustment value of the first element in the corresponding row on the first symbol, send a pilot sequence with a root of x2 and a phase adjustment value of the second element in the corresponding row on the second symbol, and so on, send a pilot sequence with a root of x1 and a phase adjustment value of the second element in the corresponding row on the K-th symbol. K , the phase adjustment value is the pilot sequence of the second element in the corresponding row.

[0168] In the embodiment of the present application, the first terminal device can be any one of the first terminal device, the second terminal device, to the Kth terminal device in the above example. Taking the first terminal device as the second terminal device as an example, FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of the first terminal device sending a pilot sequence. The first terminal device can send a sequence obtained by multiplying the phase adjustment factor 1 and the ZC sequence with the root x1 on symbol 1, and send a phase adjustment factor on symbol 2. The sequence obtained by multiplying the ZC sequence with the root x2, and so on, the phase adjustment factor is sent on symbol K With root x K In addition, the frequency domain resources occupied by the pilot sequences sent by the first terminal device on different symbols may be the same.

[0169] In another possible implementation, K=2; when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit and the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=2 are conjugate to each other; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit multiplied by -1 and the conjugate sequence of the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=1 are the same sequence.

[0170] In this scheme, multiplying the sequence by -1 and taking its conjugate sequence also introduces phase rotation weighting, thereby increasing the probability that the correlation coefficients of pilot signals transmitted by different devices in each time unit will differ from each other, further preventing the co-integration of correlation coefficients. Because multiple different correlation coefficients are energy-normalized after incoherent superposition, the resulting result is smaller than any single correlation coefficient. Therefore, compared to existing pilot signal transmission methods, this scheme can effectively reduce the correlation of pilot signals within the same time period, thereby reducing the interference from other pilot signals to one pilot signal, thereby facilitating network devices to more accurately obtain instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0171] Optionally, when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the pth time unit is a ZC sequence with x1 as the root; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the pth time unit multiplied by -1 is a ZC sequence with x2 as the root.

[0172] For example, the first matrix can be expressed as:

[0173] The network device can assign the first row of the first matrix to the first terminal device, and assign the second row of the first matrix to the second terminal device. Each terminal device can generate pilot sequences corresponding to two symbols according to the corresponding rows, and send the corresponding pilot sequences on the two symbols in turn. Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, the first terminal device can send a ZC sequence with x1 as the root on symbol 1, and send a conjugate sequence of the ZC sequence with x2 as the root on symbol 2. The second terminal device can send a sequence obtained by multiplying the ZC sequence with x2 as the root by -1 on symbol 1, and send a conjugate sequence of the ZC sequence with x1 as the root on symbol 2. In addition, the frequency domain resources occupied by the pilot sequences sent by each terminal device on different symbols can be the same. Exemplarily, the first terminal device in an embodiment of the present application can be the first terminal device or the second terminal device.

[0174] In conjunction with Figure 6, the pilot signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application is repeatedly executed, and the first terminal device can also send a pilot sequence on an even number of symbols. Taking the first terminal device as the first terminal device as an example, Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the first terminal device sending a pilot sequence. Among them, on symbol 1 and symbol 2, the first terminal device can send a pilot sequence in the manner of Figure 6. On symbol 3 and symbol 4, the first terminal device can repeatedly send the pilot sequence corresponding to symbol 1 and symbol 2. That is, the first terminal device can send a ZC sequence with x1 as the root on symbol 3, and send a conjugate sequence of the ZC sequence with x2 as the root on symbol 4. In other words, the first terminal device can send a ZC sequence with x1 as the root on symbols with odd indexes, and send a conjugate sequence of the ZC sequence with x2 as the root on symbols with even indexes. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation on the number of repetitions.

[0175] Step S303: The network device estimates the channel between the first terminal device and the network device based on the pilot signals transmitted through the channel and corresponding to at least two time units and the pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units.

[0176] In step S303, the method for the network device to perform channel estimation based on the received pilot signal after channel transmission can refer to the existing channel estimation method, which will not be described in detail here.

[0177] Taking two terminal devices sending pilot signals in two time units as an example, the technical effect of the pilot signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application is explained. Assume that the first terminal device sends a first pilot signal in the first time unit and a second pilot signal in the second time unit; the second terminal device sends a third pilot signal in the first time unit and a fourth pilot signal in the second time unit; the correlation coefficient between the first pilot signal and the third pilot signal is the first correlation coefficient, and the correlation coefficient between the second pilot signal and the fourth pilot signal is the second correlation coefficient. In the case where the pilot signal includes a complex sequence, the first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient can be complex. For the same terminal device, the pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units are different, that is, the first pilot signal is different from the second pilot signal, and the third pilot signal is different from the fourth pilot signal. In other words, the pilot signal participating in the calculation of the first correlation coefficient is not the pilot signal participating in the calculation of the second correlation coefficient. Therefore, the phase values ​​of the first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient are most likely different, thereby avoiding the same-direction superposition of the correlation coefficients. The first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient can be energy-normalized after incoherent superposition, and the result obtained will be smaller than the first correlation coefficient or the second correlation coefficient. In other words, compared to existing pilot signal transmission methods, the pilot signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the correlation of pilot signals within the same time period, so that one pilot signal is less subject to interference from other pilot signals, thereby facilitating the network device to more accurately obtain instantaneous channel information from each terminal device to the network device.

[0178] It can be understood that in the above embodiments, the methods and / or steps implemented by the first terminal device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used for the first terminal device or a device including the first terminal device; the methods and / or steps implemented by the network device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used for the network device or a device including the network device.

[0179] It is understandable that, in order to implement the above functions, the first terminal device or network device includes a hardware structure and / or software module for performing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0180] In the embodiment of the present application, the first terminal device or the network device can be divided into functional modules according to the above method embodiment. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0181] For example, the first terminal device in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in the form of a communication device 800 shown in Figure 8. The communication device 800 may include a pilot signal generation module 801 and a transceiver module 802. The communication device 800 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiments shown in Figures 3 to 7 above.

[0182] Exemplarily, when the communication device 800 is used to implement the function of the first terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 3: the pilot signal generation module 801 is used to generate pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively; the transceiver module 802 is used to send corresponding pilot signals to the network device respectively in at least two time units.

[0183] For a more detailed description of the pilot signal generating module 801 and the transceiver module 802 , reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 .

[0184] For another example, the network device in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in the form of a communication device 900 shown in Figure 9. The communication device 900 may include a transceiver module 901 and a channel estimation module 902. The communication device 900 is used to implement the functions of the network device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 3 above.

[0185] Exemplarily, the transceiver module 901 is used to receive corresponding pilot signals from the first terminal device after channel transmission in at least two time units respectively; the channel estimation module 902 is used to estimate the channel between the first terminal device and the network device based on the pilot signals after channel transmission corresponding to at least two time units respectively, and the pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively.

[0186] For a more detailed description of the transceiver module 901 and the channel estimation module 902 , reference may be made to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 3 .

[0187] In this embodiment, the communication device 800 or the communication device 900 is presented in the form of various functional modules divided in an integrated manner. The "module" here can refer to a specific ASIC, circuit, processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuit, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0188] In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art may appreciate that the communication device 800 may take the form of the communication device 20 shown in FIG. 2 .

[0189] For example, the processor 201 and / or the processor 207 in the communication device 20 shown in FIG2 can call the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 203 to enable the communication device 20 to execute the pilot signal transmission method in the above-mentioned method embodiment. Specifically, part of the functions / implementation process of the pilot signal generation module 801 in FIG8 can be implemented by the processor 201 and / or the processor 207 in the communication device 20 shown in FIG2 calling the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 203; part of the functions / implementation process of the transceiver module 802 in FIG8 can be implemented by a communication module connected via the communication interface 204 in FIG2.

[0190] In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art may appreciate that the communication device 900 may take the form of the communication device 20 shown in FIG. 2 .

[0191] For example, the processor 201 and / or the processor 207 in the communication device 20 shown in FIG2 can call the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 203 to enable the communication device 20 to execute the pilot signal transmission method in the above-mentioned method embodiment. Specifically, part of the functions / implementation process of the transceiver module 901 in FIG9 can be implemented by a communication module connected via the communication interface 204 in FIG2. Part of the functions / implementation process of the channel estimation module 902 in FIG9 can be implemented by the processor 201 and / or the processor 207 in the communication device 20 shown in FIG2 calling the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 203.

[0192] Since the communication apparatus 800 and the communication apparatus 900 provided in this embodiment can execute the above-mentioned pilot signal transmission method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0193] It should be noted that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of the two. When any of the above modules or units is implemented by software, the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in a memory, and a processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built into an SoC (system on chip) or an ASIC, or it can be an independent semiconductor chip. In addition to the core used to execute software instructions to perform calculations or processing within the processor, it can further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a PLD (programmable logic device), or a logic circuit that implements dedicated logic operations.

[0194] When the above modules or units are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, a SoC, an FPGA, a PLD, a dedicated digital circuit, a hardware accelerator or a non-integrated discrete device, which can run the necessary software or not rely on the software to execute the above method flow.

[0195] Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, comprising: at least one processor and an interface, wherein the at least one processor is coupled to a memory via the interface, and when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instruction in the memory, the method in any of the above method embodiments is executed. In one possible implementation, the communication device also includes a memory. Optionally, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0196] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0197] Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed application, those skilled in the art can understand and implement other changes to the disclosed embodiments by reviewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. Certain measures are recorded in different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0198] Although the present application has been described with reference to specific features and embodiments thereof, it is apparent that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely illustrative of the present application as defined by the appended claims and are deemed to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting a pilot signal, characterized in that: Applied to a first terminal device, comprising: generating pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively, wherein the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively are different; The corresponding pilot signals are respectively sent to the network device in the at least two time units.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pilot signal transmitted by the first terminal device and other terminal devices other than the first terminal device in the same time unit is different.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively belong to a pilot signal set, and the pilot signal set includes K different pilot signals, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The roots of the Zadov-Chu ZC sequence included in the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units belong to a root set, and the root set includes K different roots, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Receiving indication information from the network device, the indication information is used to indicate that the identifier of the first terminal device is i, or the indication information is used to indicate the i-th row of the first matrix; wherein i is a positive integer less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; The generating of pilot signals corresponding to at least two time units respectively includes: Based on the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix generate pilot signals respectively corresponding to the at least two time units.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The at least two time units include a p-th time unit and a q-th time unit, where p and q are positive integers and p≠q; and the generating, based on the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix, pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively include: According to the element x in the i-th row and p-th column of the first matrix ip Generating a pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit; According to the element x in the i-th row and q-th column of the first matrix iq Generate a pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes x ip is the root ZC sequence, x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes x iq is the root ZC sequence.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The first matrix is ​​a circulant matrix, or the first matrix is ​​transformed into a circulant matrix by row exchange and / or column exchange.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The first matrix is ​​the Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes y ip The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β ip The multiplication sequence, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix; x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes y iq The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β iq The multiplication sequence, y iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column in the third matrix.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The second matrix is ​​a circulant matrix or each row of the second matrix is ​​the same, and the third matrix is ​​a discrete Fourier transform DFT matrix or a Hadamard matrix.

12. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: K=2; when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit and the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=2 are conjugate to each other; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit multiplied by -1 and the conjugate sequence of the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=1 are the same sequence.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that When i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the pth time unit is a ZC sequence with x1 as the root, and when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the pth time unit multiplied by -1 is a ZC sequence with x2 as the root.

14. A method for transmitting a pilot signal, characterized in that: Applicable to network devices, including: Receiving corresponding pilot signals transmitted through the channel from the first terminal device respectively in at least two time units; The channel between the first terminal device and the network device is estimated according to the pilot signals respectively corresponding to the at least two time units after channel transmission and the pilot signals respectively corresponding to the at least two time units, and the pilot signals respectively corresponding to the at least two time units are different.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The pilot signal transmitted by the first terminal device and other terminal devices other than the first terminal device in the same time unit is different.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that The pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively belong to a pilot signal set, and the pilot signal set includes K different pilot signals, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The roots of the Zadov-Chu ZC sequence included in the pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units belong to a root set, and the root set includes K different roots, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Sending indication information to the first terminal device, wherein the indication information is used to indicate that the identifier of the first terminal device is i, or the indication information is used to indicate the i-th row of the first matrix; wherein i is a positive integer less than or equal to K, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix are used by the first terminal device to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The at least two time units include a p-th time unit and a q-th time unit, where p and q are positive integers and p≠q; The at least two time units, the indication information and the first matrix are used by the first terminal device to generate pilot signals corresponding to the at least two time units respectively, including: The element x in the i-th row and p-th column of the first matrix ip used by the first terminal device to generate a pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit; The element x in the i-th row and q-th column of the first matrix iq Used by the first terminal device to generate a pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes x ip is the root ZC sequence, x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes x iq is the root ZC sequence.

21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that: The first matrix is ​​a circulant matrix, or the first matrix is ​​transformed into a circulant matrix by row exchange and / or column exchange.

22. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The first matrix is ​​the Hadamard product of the second matrix and the third matrix.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that x ip Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit includes y ip The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β ip The multiplication sequence, y ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β ip is the element in the i-th row and p-th column of the third matrix; x iq Indicates that the pilot signal corresponding to the qth time unit includes y iq The root ZC sequence and phase adjustment factor β iq The multiplication sequence, y iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column of the second matrix, and the phase adjustment factor β iq is the element in the i-th row and q-th column in the third matrix.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that The second matrix is ​​a circulant matrix or each row of the second matrix is ​​the same, and the third matrix is ​​a discrete Fourier transform DFT matrix or a Hadamard matrix.

25. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that K=2; when i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit and the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=2 are conjugate to each other; when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the p-th time unit multiplied by -1 and the conjugate sequence of the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the q-th time unit when i=1 are the same sequence.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that When i=1, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the pth time unit is a ZC sequence with x1 as the root, and when i=2, the sequence included in the pilot signal corresponding to the pth time unit multiplied by -1 is a ZC sequence with x2 as the root.

27. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes: a module or unit for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13; or a module or unit for implementing the method according to any one of claims 14 to 26.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor coupled to the memory, the memory being used to store a program, and the processor being used to execute the program stored in the memory; when the communication device is running, the processor runs the program, so that the communication device executes the method described in any one of claims 1 to 13; or, the communication device executes the method described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

29. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system comprises a first terminal device and a network device; wherein the first terminal device is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and the network device is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 14 to 26.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, which, when executed by a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 13; or, when executed by a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

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