Display device, optical system, and electronic apparatus

Abstract

Provided is a display device for which a principal ray angle can be adjusted.　The display device is provided with: a plurality of pixels provided in a display region; a resin layer provided on or above the plurality of pixels; and a cover layer provided on the resin layer. The refractive indices of the resin layer and the cover layer are different. The cover layer has an inclined surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface is provided on at least a part of a peripheral edge part of the display region.

Description

Display devices, optical systems and electronic devices

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a display device, an optical system, and an electronic device.

[0002] In recent years, display devices have been provided in various electronic devices, including eyewear devices, and therefore there is a demand for a technique for adjusting the chief ray angle (CRA) of the display device.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that the emission intensity of light directed obliquely to the display surface is increased by disposing a microlens away from the light-emitting region.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2021-136208

[0005] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display device, an optical system, and an electronic device that are capable of adjusting the chief ray angle of the display device.

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first display device according to the present disclosure comprises a plurality of pixels arranged in a display area, a resin layer arranged on or above the plurality of pixels, and a cover layer arranged on the resin layer, wherein the resin layer and the cover layer have different refractive indices, the cover layer has an inclined surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface is arranged on at least a portion of the periphery of the display area.

[0007] A second display device according to the present disclosure comprises a plurality of pixels arranged in a display area, a resin layer arranged on or above the plurality of pixels, and a cover layer arranged on the resin layer, wherein the resin layer and the cover layer have different refractive indices, and the cover layer has at least one of a plurality of recesses and a plurality of protrusions on the side of the resin layer.

[0008] FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a conventional electronic viewfinder (hereinafter referred to as "EVF"). FIG. 1B is a diagram of an image viewed in a conventional EVF. FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a lens and a display device in a conventional EVF. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a recent EVF. FIG. 2B is a diagram of an image viewed in a recent EVF. FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a lens and a display device in a recent EVF. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of the luminance viewing angle characteristics of a display device. FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of a display device. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a display device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the display area. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the display area of ​​the display device. FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view of an OLED layer including a single layer of light-emitting units. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of an OLED layer including two light-emitting units. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view taken along line IXA-IXA in FIG. 5. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IXB-IXB in FIG. 5 . FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of a display device. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display device according to a second embodiment. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining chromatic aberration of a lens on the VR headset side. FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display device according to a first modification. FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display device according to a second modification. FIG. 15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display device according to a second modification. FIG. 16 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display device according to a third modification. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an optical system including a display device according to a third modification. FIG. 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display device according to a fourth modification. FIG. 19A is a cross-sectional view (X-Z cross-section) of the display device in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction). FIG. 19B is a cross-sectional view (Y-Z cross-section) of the display device in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). FIG. 20 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display device according to a sixth modification. FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of an optical system including a display device according to a sixth modification. Fig. 22 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a central portion of a display area of ​​a display device according to Modification 7. Fig. 23 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a peripheral portion of the display area of ​​a display device according to Modification 7. Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a first example of a leakage suppression structure. Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a second example of a leakage suppression structure.FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of a third example of a leak suppression structure. FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth example of a leak suppression structure. FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth example of a leak suppression structure. FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a sixth example of a leak suppression structure. FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of a seventh example of a leak suppression structure. FIG. 31 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the groove shown in FIG. 30. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of an eighth example of a leak suppression structure. FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a ninth example of a leak suppression structure. FIG. 34 is a plan view for illustrating the arrangement of a first electrode and a third electrode. FIG. 35A is a schematic cross-sectional view for illustrating a first example of a resonator structure. FIG. 35B is a schematic cross-sectional view for illustrating a second example of a resonator structure. FIG. 36A is a schematic cross-sectional view for illustrating a third example of a resonator structure. FIG. 36B is a schematic cross-sectional view for illustrating a fourth example of a resonator structure. FIG. 37A is a schematic cross-sectional view for illustrating a fifth example of a resonator structure. Fig. 37B is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a sixth example of the resonator structure. Fig. 38 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a seventh example of the resonator structure. Fig. 39A is a front view of a digital still camera. Fig. 39B is a rear view of the digital still camera. Fig. 40 is a perspective view of a head-mounted display. Fig. 41 is a perspective view of a television device. Fig. 42 is a perspective view of a see-through head-mounted display. Fig. 43 is a perspective view of a smartphone. Fig. 44A is a view showing the interior of a vehicle from the rear to the front of the vehicle. Fig. 44B is a view showing the interior of a vehicle from diagonally rear to diagonally front of the vehicle.

[0009] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in the following order: 1. General Description of the Display Device According to the Present Disclosure 2. Background to the Creation of the Embodiments of the Present Disclosure 3. First Embodiment (Example of a Display Device) 4. Second Embodiment (Example of a Display Device) 5. Modifications 6. Example of a Leakage Suppression Structure (Example of an Inter-Pixel Structure for Countering Inter-Pixel Leakage) 7. Example of a Resonator Structure 8. Application Example (Example of an Electronic Device) The embodiments described below are preferred specific examples of the present disclosure, and the contents of the present disclosure are not limited to these embodiments. Note that in all the drawings of the following embodiments, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Furthermore, to prevent the illustrations from becoming too complicated, reference numerals may be used only for some of the components, or the illustrations may be simplified, enlarged, or reduced in size.

[0010] <1 General Description of Display Device According to the Present Disclosure> In the first display device, the cover layer may have a concave surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface may be included in the concave surface. The concave surface may become deeper from the periphery of the display area toward the center. When the cover layer has the concave surface, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably higher than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the periphery of the display area toward the outside of the display area. When the cover layer has the concave surface, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the periphery of the display area toward the inside of the display area.

[0011] In the first display device, the cover layer may have a convex surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface may be included in the convex surface. The convex surface may become thicker from the periphery of the display area toward the center. When the cover layer has the convex surface, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the periphery of the display area toward the outside of the display area. When the cover layer has the concave portion, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably higher than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the periphery of the display area toward the inside of the display area.

[0012] In the first display device, the display area may have opposing first and second ends, and at least a portion of the periphery of the display area may include the first and second ends. The inclined surface may be inclined so that the thickness of the cover layer decreases from the first end to the second end of the display area. When the cover layer has an inclined surface that decreases in thickness as described above, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably higher than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the periphery of the display area toward the outside of the display area. When the cover layer has an inclined surface that decreases in thickness as described above, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the periphery of the display area toward the inside of the display area.

[0013] In the first display device, the inclined surface may be inclined so that the thickness of the cover layer increases from the first end to the second end of the display area. When the cover layer has an inclined surface that increases in thickness as described above, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the peripheral edge of the display area toward the outside of the display area. When the cover layer has an inclined surface that increases in thickness as described above, the refractive index of the cover layer is preferably higher than the refractive index of the resin layer in order to tilt the chief ray axis of the peripheral edge of the display area toward the inside of the display area.

[0014] In the second display device, the plurality of pixels may include pixels of a plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions may be provided corresponding to at least one of the pixels of the plurality of colors. The pixels of the plurality of colors may include pixels of three colors: red pixels, green pixels, and blue pixels.

[0015] In the second display device, the plurality of pixels include pixels of a plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions is provided corresponding to at least two or more colors of the pixels of the plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions may be different for each color of the corresponding pixel.

[0016] The first display device and the second display device may be provided in an optical system of an eyewear device, an EVF, etc. The optical system may include a lens facing a display surface of the display device. In the second display device, at least one of the plurality of concave portions and the plurality of convex portions may be configured to be able to correct chromatic aberration of the lens.

[0017] The first display device and the second display device may be an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display device, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) display device, or other display devices.

[0018] The first display device and the second display device may be included in an electronic device. For example, the first display device and the second display device may be included in an eyewear device such as a virtual reality (VR) device, a mixed reality (MR) device, or an augmented reality (AR) device, or may be included in an EVF, a small projector, or the like. Eyewear devices include VR headsets and AR headsets.

[0019] In this disclosure, the refractive index refers to the refractive index for light with a wavelength of 589.3 nm (the D line of sodium).

[0020] In the present disclosure, the direction of the chief ray axis may be adjusted by changing at least one of the curvature of the surface of the cover layer facing the resin layer and the thickness of the cover layer (the height of the surface of the cover layer facing the resin layer) depending on the position of the display area. By adjusting the direction of the chief ray axis, the chief ray axis may be tilted toward the outside of the display area at the periphery of the display area. By adjusting the direction of the chief ray axis, the chief ray axis may be tilted toward the inside of the display area at the periphery of the display area. By adjusting the direction of the chief ray axis, chromatic aberration of a lens in the optical system of the eyewear device or EVF may be corrected.

[0021] 2. Background to the Creation of the Embodiments of the Present Disclosure Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram of a conventional EVF 30a. Fig. 1B is a diagram of an image 32a viewed in the conventional EVF 30a. Fig. 1C is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a lens 31a and a display device 103a in the conventional EVF 30a. The conventional EVF 30a is configured so that light emitted upward from the periphery of the display area of ​​the display device 103a is incident on the periphery of the lens 31a. As a result, the angle of view of the conventional EVF 30a is narrow.

[0022] FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a recent EVF 30b. FIG. 2B is a diagram of an image 32b viewed through the recent EVF 30b. FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the lens 31b and the display device 103b in the recent EVF 30b. In recent years, there has been a demand for a wider field of view (FOV) for the EVF 30b. For this reason, in recent EVFs 30b, a wide-FOV type lens 31b is used instead of the conventional lens 31a, and the chief ray axis at the periphery of the display area of ​​the display device 103b is adjusted so that the chief ray axis is tilted outside the display area. As a result, light emitted in a diverging manner from the periphery of the display area of ​​the display device 103b is incident on the periphery of the lens 31a.

[0023] As a technique for adjusting the angle of the principal ray axis, the inventors have been studying a technique for shifting the centers of the color filters (colored layers) and on-chip lenses in the peripheral portion of the display region RE1 toward the outer periphery of the display region with respect to the center of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element. Figure 3 shows an example of the luminance-viewing angle characteristics of a display device employing the above technique.

[0024] However, when the above technology is adopted in the display device 103b, the positions of the light-emitting element, color filter (colored layer), and on-chip lens are misaligned, which may cause color shift due to color mixing between adjacent pixels at the periphery of the display area, resulting in a risk of deterioration of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics. Figure 4 shows an example of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of a display device that adopts the above technology. Note that in Figures 2A and 2B, the hatched areas at the periphery of the display area represent color shift.

[0025] Therefore, the inventors have studied a technology that can adjust the chief ray angle of a display device while suppressing the deterioration of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics, more specifically, a technology that can tilt the chief ray axis of light emitted from the periphery of the display area of ​​the display device to the outside of the display area while suppressing the deterioration of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics. As a result, ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer under the cover glass. ２ The inventors have found a display device in which the cover glass has a concave surface on the side of the filled resin layer, which is higher than the surface of the display device.

[0026] 5 is a plan view of a display device 101 according to a first embodiment. The display device 101 has a display region RE1 and a peripheral region RE2 provided around the display region RE1. In the first embodiment, the display region RE1 has a rectangular shape in a plan view. However, the shape of the display region RE1 is not limited to a rectangular shape and may be a shape other than a rectangular shape.

[0027] In this specification, the first and second directions that are orthogonal to each other within the display surface of the display device 101 are referred to as the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively, and the third direction that is perpendicular to the display surface of the display device 101 is referred to as the Z-axis direction. In the first embodiment, an example will be described in which the X-axis direction is the horizontal direction of the display surface and the Y-axis direction is the vertical direction of the display surface.

[0028] In the first embodiment, the display device 101 is an OLED display device. The display device 101 may be a microdisplay. In the first embodiment, an example in which the display device 101 is a top-emission type display device will be described, but the type of the display device 101 is not limited to this example.

[0029] FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view showing a portion of the display region RE1. A plurality of sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are two-dimensionally arranged in a specified arrangement pattern within the display region RE1. While FIG. 6 illustrates an example in which the specified arrangement pattern is a stripe arrangement, the arrangement pattern is not limited to this example. For example, the specified arrangement pattern may be a mosaic arrangement, a square arrangement, a delta arrangement, or any other arrangement. A pad unit 113 and a driver (not shown) for displaying video are provided in the peripheral region RE2. A flexible printed circuit (FPC) (not shown) may be connected to the pad unit 113.

[0030] The sub-pixel 10R can emit red light (first light). The sub-pixel 10G can emit green light (second light). The sub-pixel 10B can emit blue light (third light). In the following description, when the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to collectively without any particular distinction, the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B may be simply referred to as sub-pixels 10. One pixel (one pixel) 10P is composed of, for example, a plurality of adjacent sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B. However, the configuration of one pixel 10P is not limited to this example.

[0031] [Layer Configuration of Display Device 101] Figure 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display region RE1 of the display device 101. The display device 101 includes a drive substrate 11, a plurality of light-emitting elements 12, an insulating layer 13, a protective layer 14, a planarization layer 15, a color filter 16, a planarization layer 17, a lens array 18, a filled resin layer 19, and a cover glass 20. Note that in Figure 7, subpixels 10 are enlarged to facilitate understanding of the configuration of the display device 101, and the ratio between the size of the subpixels 10 and the size of the display region RE1 of the actual display device 101 is different from that shown in Figure 7.

[0032] In this specification, of the two surfaces of each layer constituting the display device 101, the surface facing the display surface (top side) of the display device 101 may be referred to as the first surface (upper surface), and the surface facing the opposite side (bottom side) of the display surface of the display device 101 may be referred to as the second surface (lower surface). In this specification, the peripheral portion of the display region RE1 refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending from the peripheral portion of the display region RE1 toward the inside. In this specification, the peripheral portion of the first surface refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending from the peripheral portion of the first surface toward the inside. In this specification, the term "planar view" refers to a planar view when an object is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the first surface or the second surface.

[0033] (Drive Substrate 11) The drive substrate 11 is a so-called backplane, and is capable of driving a plurality of light-emitting elements 12. The drive substrate 11 includes, for example, a substrate 111 and an insulating layer 112 in this order.

[0034] A plurality of drive transistors (not shown) and the like are provided on the first surface side of the substrate 111. The substrate 111 may be, for example, a semiconductor substrate on which drive transistors and the like can be easily formed, or a glass substrate or resin substrate with low moisture and oxygen permeability. The semiconductor substrate includes, for example, amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or single crystal silicon. The glass substrate includes, for example, high strain point glass, soda glass, borosilicate glass, forsterite, lead glass, or quartz glass. The resin substrate includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl phenol, polyether sulfone, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate.

[0035] The insulating layer 112 is provided on the first surface of the substrate 111 and covers the plurality of drive transistors and the like. The insulating layer 112 contains a plurality of contact plugs and a plurality of wirings (neither of which is shown) therein. The contact plugs and wirings electrically connect the light emitting elements 12 and the drive transistors. The contact plugs contain at least one metal selected from the group consisting of, for example, copper (Cu) and titanium (Ti). The wirings are composed of, for example, a metal layer. The metal layer contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of, for example, tungsten (W) and copper (Cu). A barrier metal may be provided on the surface of the wirings. The barrier metal may be, for example, tantalum (Ta) or tantalum nitride (TaN). ｘ ) etc.

[0036] The insulating layer 112 is, for example, an organic insulating layer, an inorganic insulating layer, or a laminate thereof. The organic insulating layer contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide-based resin, acrylic-based resin, and novolac-based resin. The inorganic insulating layer is, for example, silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ ) and the like.

[0037] (Light-emitting element 12) The light-emitting element 12 can emit white light under the control of a drive circuit, etc. In the first embodiment, the light-emitting element 12 is an organic light-emitting diode element (OLED element). The light-emitting element 12 is included in each of the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B of each color.

[0038] The plurality of light-emitting elements 12 are two-dimensionally arranged in a specified arrangement pattern on the first surface of the drive substrate 11. The specified arrangement pattern is as described above as the specified arrangement pattern of the plurality of sub-pixels 10. The light-emitting element 12 includes a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122, and a second electrode 123, which are arranged in this order on the first surface of the drive substrate 11.

[0039] (First electrode 121) The first electrode 121 is provided on the second surface side of the OLED layer 122. The first electrode 121 is an individual electrode provided individually for each of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. That is, the first electrode 121 is divided between adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction of the first surface of the drive substrate 11. The first electrode 121 is an anode. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, holes are injected from the first electrode 121 into the OLED layer 122.

[0040] The first electrode 121 may be composed of, for example, a metal layer, or may be composed of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. When the first electrode 121 is composed of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer, it is preferable that the transparent conductive oxide layer be provided on the OLED layer 122 side, from the viewpoint of having a layer having a high work function adjacent to the OLED layer 122.

[0041] The metal layer may function as a reflective layer that reflects light L emitted by the OLED layer 122. The metal layer may contain at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of chromium (Cr), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), tungsten (W), and silver (Ag). The metal layer may contain at least one metal element as a constituent element of an alloy. Specific examples of the alloy include an aluminum alloy and a silver alloy. Specific examples of the aluminum alloy include AlNd and AlCu.

[0042] An underlayer (not shown) may be provided adjacent to the second surface side of the metal layer. The underlayer may be capable of improving the crystal orientation of the metal layer during deposition. The underlayer may contain, for example, at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti) and tantalum (Ta). The underlayer may contain the at least one metal element as a constituent element of an alloy.

[0043] The transparent conductive oxide layer contains a transparent conductive oxide, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of transparent conductive oxides containing indium (hereinafter referred to as "indium-based transparent conductive oxides"), transparent conductive oxides containing tin (hereinafter referred to as "tin-based transparent conductive oxides"), and transparent conductive oxides containing zinc (hereinafter referred to as "zinc-based transparent conductive oxides").

[0044] Examples of indium-based transparent conductive oxides include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), and fluorine-doped indium oxide (IFO). Among these transparent conductive oxides, indium tin oxide (ITO) is particularly preferred. Indium tin oxide (ITO) has a particularly low work function barrier for hole injection into the OLED layer 122, allowing the driving voltage of the display device 101 to be particularly low. Examples of tin-based transparent conductive oxides include tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). Examples of zinc-based transparent conductive oxides include zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), boron-doped zinc oxide, and gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO).

[0045] (OLED Layer 122) The OLED layer 122 can emit white light. The OLED layer 122 is an example of an organic-material-containing layer that includes an organic light-emitting layer. The OLED layer 122 is provided between a plurality of first electrodes 121 and one second electrode 123. The OLED layer 122 connects adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction of the first surface of the drive substrate 11, and is a layer common to the plurality of light-emitting elements 12.

[0046] The OLED layer 122 may be configured as a laminate including an organic light-emitting layer, in which case some layers of the laminate (e.g., an electron injection layer) may be inorganic. The OLED layer 122 may be an OLED layer having a single light-emitting unit U as shown in FIG. 8A , an OLED layer having two light-emitting units U1 and U2 (tandem structure) as shown in FIG. 8B , or an OLED layer having a structure other than these. The OLED layer 122 having a single light-emitting unit U has a configuration in which, for example, a hole injection layer 1221, a hole transport layer 1222, a red light-emitting layer 1220R, an emission separation layer 1223, a blue light-emitting layer 1220B, a green light-emitting layer 1220G, an electron transport layer 1224, and an electron injection layer 1225 are stacked in this order from the first electrode 121 to the second electrode 123. The OLED layer having two light-emitting units U1 and U2 has a configuration in which, for example, a hole injection layer 1221, a hole transport layer 1222, a blue light-emitting layer 1220B, an electron transport layer 1226, a charge generation layer 1227, a hole transport layer 1228, a yellow light-emitting layer 1220Y, an electron transport layer 1224, and an electron injection layer 1225 are laminated in this order from the first electrode 121 to the second electrode 123.

[0047] The hole injection layer 1221 can increase the efficiency of hole injection into the light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220G, and 1220B and suppress leakage. The hole transport layers 1222 and 1228 can increase the efficiency of hole transport into the light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220B, and 1220Y. The electron injection layer 1225 can increase the efficiency of electron injection into the light-emitting layers 1220G and 1220Y. The electron transport layers 1224 and 1226 can increase the efficiency of electron transport into the light-emitting layers 1220G, 1220B, and 1220Y. The emission separation layer 1223 is a layer for adjusting the injection of carriers into the light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220G, and 1220B. The balance of light emission of each color is adjusted by injecting electrons and holes into the light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220G, and 1220B via the emission separation layer 1223. The charge generating layer 1227 can supply electrons and holes to the blue light emitting layer 1220B and the yellow light emitting layer 1220Y, which are disposed so as to sandwich the charge generating layer 1227, respectively.

[0048] When an electric field is applied to the red light-emitting layer 1220R, the green light-emitting layer 1220G, the blue light-emitting layer 1220B, and the yellow light-emitting layer 1220Y, recombination occurs between holes injected from the first electrode 121 or the charge generation layer 1227 and electrons injected from the second electrode 123 or the charge generation layer 1227, and the red light, green light, blue light, and yellow light can be emitted.

[0049] (Second electrode 123) The second electrode 123 is provided on the first surface side of the OLED layer 122. The second electrode 123 is connected between adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction of the first surface of the drive substrate 11, and is an electrode common to the plurality of light-emitting elements 12.

[0050] The second electrode 123 is a cathode. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, electrons are injected from the second electrode 123 into the OLED layer 122. The second electrode 123 is translucent to the white light emitted from the OLED layer 122. The second electrode 123 is preferably a transparent electrode that is transparent to visible light. In this specification, visible light refers to light in a wavelength range of 360 nm or more and 780 nm or less.

[0051] In order to improve luminous efficiency, it is preferable that the second electrode 123 be made of a material that is as transparent as possible and has a small work function. The second electrode 123 is made of, for example, at least one layer of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. More specifically, the second electrode 123 is made of a single layer film of a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer, or a laminate film of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. When the second electrode 123 is made of a laminate film, the metal layer may be provided on the OLED layer 122 side, or the transparent conductive oxide layer may be provided on the OLED layer 122 side. However, from the viewpoint of having a layer with a low work function adjacent to the OLED layer 122, it is preferable that the metal layer be provided on the OLED layer 122 side.

[0052] The metal layer contains, for example, at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na). The metal layer may contain the at least one metal element as a constituent element of an alloy. Specific examples of the alloy include an MgAg alloy, an MgAl alloy, and an AlLi alloy. The transparent conductive oxide layer contains a transparent conductive oxide. Examples of the transparent conductive oxide include the same materials as the transparent conductive oxide of the first electrode 121 described above.

[0053] (Insulating Layer 13) The insulating layer 13 is provided on the first surface of the drive substrate 11 in a portion between the separated first electrodes 121. The insulating layer 13 is an insulating layer for element isolation and can insulate the first electrodes 121 adjacent in the in-plane direction of the first surface of the drive substrate 11. The insulating layer 13 has a plurality of openings 13a. The plurality of openings 13a are provided corresponding to the respective light-emitting elements 12. The plurality of openings 13a may be provided on the first surface (the surface facing the OLED layer 122) of each first electrode 121. In other words, the peripheral portion of the first surface of each first electrode 121 may be covered by the insulating layer 13. The first electrode 121 and the OLED layer 122 come into contact with each other through the openings 13a. The shape of the openings 13a in a plan view is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially circular shape, or a substantially elliptical shape.

[0054] The insulating layer 13 is, for example, an organic insulating layer, an inorganic insulating layer, or a laminate thereof. The organic insulating layer contains, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide-based resins, acrylic-based resins, and novolac-based resins. The inorganic insulating layer is, for example, silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ ) and the like.

[0055] (Protective Layer 14) The protective layer 14 is provided on the first surface of the second electrode 123 and covers the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. The protective layer 14 is translucent to white light emitted from the light-emitting elements 12. The protective layer 14 can protect the plurality of light-emitting elements 12 and the like. For example, the protective layer 14 can prevent moisture from entering the plurality of light-emitting elements 12 and the like from the external environment. Furthermore, when the second electrode 123 is formed of a metal layer, the protective layer 14 may have a function of preventing oxidation of this metal layer.

[0056] The protective layer 14 contains, for example, at least one of an inorganic material and an organic material having low moisture absorption. The protective layer 14 may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure. When the thickness of the protective layer 14 is increased, a multilayer structure is preferable. This is because the internal stress in the protective layer 14 can be alleviated. The inorganic material can be, for example, silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ), silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ ), titanium oxide (TiO ｘ ) and aluminum oxide (AlO ｘ The organic material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of thermosetting resin compositions, photosensitive resin compositions, and the like. The photosensitive resin composition includes, for example, an ultraviolet-curable resin composition. Specific examples of the organic material include at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins, polyimide resins, novolac resins, epoxy resins, norbornene resins, parylene resins, and the like.

[0057] The protective layer 14 preferably includes a deposition layer in which atomic layers are deposited. The deposition layer may be an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) layer. When the protective layer 14 includes a deposition layer, the effect of the protective layer 14 in suppressing moisture penetration can be improved. The protective layer 14 includes, for example, a metal oxide or a metal nitride. The metal oxide is, for example, aluminum oxide (AlO ｘ ) or titanium oxide (TiO ｘ Metal nitrides include, for example, titanium nitride (TiNｘ ) is included.

[0058] (Planarization Layer 15) The planarization layer 15 is provided on the first surface of the protective layer 14. The planarization layer 15 is an example of a first resin layer. The planarization layer 15 fills in the irregularities on the first surface of the protective layer 14, and can form a flat first surface on the upper side of the protective layer 14. The planarization layer 15 is translucent to the white light emitted from the light-emitting element 12. The planarization layer 15 includes, for example, at least one of an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0059] The organic material includes, for example, a cured product of a photosensitive resin composition. The photosensitive resin composition may include either a positive-type photosensitive resin composition or a negative-type photosensitive resin composition. Specific examples of the photosensitive resin composition include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyimide precursor, polybenzoxazole, polybenzoxazole precursor, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, and siloxane resin. Examples of the inorganic material include the same materials as those of the protective layer 14.

[0060] (Color Filter 16) The color filter 16 is a so-called on-chip color filter (OCCF). The color filter 16 is provided above the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. More specifically, the color filter 16 is provided on the first surface of the planarization layer 15. The color filter 16 includes, for example, a plurality of colored layers 161R, a plurality of colored layers 161G, and a plurality of colored layers 161B. In the following description, when the colored layers 161R, 161G, and 161B are referred to collectively without any particular distinction, the colored layers 161R, 161G, and 161B may be simply referred to as colored layers 161.

[0061] The multiple colored layers 161 are two-dimensionally arranged on the first surface of the planarization layer 15 in a specified arrangement pattern. The specified arrangement pattern is as described above for the multiple sub-pixels 10. Each colored layer 161 is provided above a light-emitting element 12. The sub-pixel 10R is composed of the light-emitting element 12 and a colored layer 161R provided above the light-emitting element 12. The sub-pixel 10G is composed of the light-emitting element 12 and a colored layer 161G provided above the light-emitting element 12. The sub-pixel 10B is composed of the light-emitting element 12 and a colored layer 161B provided above the light-emitting element 12.

[0062] The coloring layer 161R has a red color. The coloring layer 161R transmits the red light component of the white light emitted from the light-emitting element 12, but can absorb visible light components other than red light. The coloring layer 161G has a green color. The coloring layer 161G transmits the green light component of the white light emitted from the light-emitting element 12, but can absorb visible light components other than green light. The coloring layer 161B has a blue color. The coloring layer 161B transmits the blue light component of the white light emitted from the light-emitting element 12, but can absorb visible light components other than blue light.

[0063] The colored layer 161R includes, for example, a red color resist, the colored layer 161G includes, for example, a green color resist, and the colored layer 161B includes, for example, a blue color resist.

[0064] (Planarization Layer 17) The planarization layer 17 is provided on the first surface of the color filter 16. The planarization layer 17 is an example of a second resin layer. The planarization layer 17 fills in the irregularities on the first surface of the color filter 16, and can form a flat first surface above the color filter 16. The planarization layer 17 is translucent to the red light, green light, and blue light emitted from the color filter 16. Examples of materials for the planarization layer 17 include the same materials as those for the planarization layer 15.

[0065] (Lens Array 18) The lens array 18 is provided on the first surface of the planarization layer 17. The lens array 18 includes a plurality of lenses 181. The lenses 181 can collect light L emitted upward from the light-emitting elements 12 and incident via the colored layer 161 in a forward direction. The lenses 181 are convex lenses having a convex collecting surface on the side opposite to the light-emitting elements 12. The plurality of lenses 181 are so-called on-chip microlenses (OCLs), and are two-dimensionally arranged on the first surface of the planarization layer 17 in a specified arrangement pattern. The specified arrangement pattern is as described above for the specified arrangement pattern of the plurality of sub-pixels 10. The center of the lens 181 substantially coincides with the center of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in a planar view.

[0066] The light-collecting surface of the lens 181 preferably has a convex curved surface shape. Examples of convex curved surfaces include, but are not limited to, a substantially parabolic or substantially hemispherical shape. In the present disclosure, a substantially parabolic or substantially hemispherical shape is not limited to a parabolic or hemispherical shape in the strict sense, but includes shapes that are visually perceived as being close to a parabolic or hemispherical shape. For example, it includes a parabolic or hemispherical shape that is distorted or deformed within the range of tolerance, error, etc.

[0067] The refractive index n of the lens array 18 １ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ The refractive index n of the lens array 18 is higher than １ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ , the light L can be refracted and focused at the interface between the lens 181 and the filling resin layer 19. Therefore, the light extraction function can be improved.

[0068] The lens 181 includes, for example, an organic material or an inorganic material that is transparent to visible light. The organic material includes, for example, a cured product of a photosensitive resin composition such as an ultraviolet curable resin composition. The inorganic material includes, for example, silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙThe lens 181 may contain a filler. By adjusting the content of the filler contained in the lens 181, the refractive index n １ The filler may be a hollow filler. The filler may be an inorganic filler. The inorganic filler may be, for example, aluminum oxide (AlO ｘ ), titanium oxide (TiO ｘ ) and zirconium oxide (ZrO ｘ ) and the like.

[0069] (Filled Resin Layer 19) The filled resin layer 19 is filled between the lens array 18 and the cover glass 20. The filled resin layer 19 is translucent to the light of each color emitted from the color filter 16. The filled resin layer 19 is preferably transparent to visible light. The filled resin layer 19 may also function as an adhesive layer that bonds the lens array 18 and the cover glass 20 together.

[0070] The filled resin layer 19 includes, for example, a curable resin. The curable resin includes at least one type selected from the group consisting of a thermosetting resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, etc. Note that the filled resin layer 19 is not limited to a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin, and may include a type of curable resin other than a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin.

[0071] (Sealing portion) Although not shown, a sealing portion may be provided between the peripheral edge of the first surface of the planarization layer 17 and the peripheral edge of the second surface of the cover glass 20 so as to cover the side surface of the filling resin layer 19. The sealing portion bonds the peripheral edge of the first surface of the planarization layer 17 to the peripheral edge of the second surface of the cover glass 20, and seals between the peripheral edge of the planarization layer 17 and the peripheral edge of the cover glass 20.

[0072] The sealing portion includes, for example, a curable resin. The curable resin includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of thermosetting resins, ultraviolet curing resins, etc. More specifically, for example, the curable resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, acrylic resins, etc. Note that the curable resin is not limited to thermosetting resins and ultraviolet curing resins, and may include types of curable resins other than thermosetting resins and ultraviolet curing resins.

[0073] (Cover Glass 20) The cover glass 20 is provided on the first surface of the filled resin layer 19. The cover glass 20 is an example of a cover layer. The cover glass 20 seals the first surface of the drive substrate 11 on which components such as the plurality of light emitting elements 12 are provided. The cover glass 20 is translucent to the light of each color emitted from the color filter 16. It is preferable that the cover glass 20 is transparent to visible light.

[0074] Fig. 9A is a cross-sectional view taken along line IXA-IXA in Fig. 5. Fig. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IXB-IXB in Fig. 5. In Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B, the first electrode 121, the OLED layer 122, the second electrode 123, the insulating layer 13, the protective layer 14, the planarization layer 15, the color filter 16, the planarization layer 17, and the lens array 18 are simply represented by a laminate 1a.

[0075] The cover glass 20 has a concave surface 201 and a flat surface 202 on the filling resin layer 19 side. The concave surface 201 is provided in the display region RE1 and deepens from the periphery toward the center of the display region RE1. The inclined portion of the concave surface 201 may be a concavely curved inclined surface or a flat inclined surface. The bottom of the concave surface 201 may be a flat surface or a concavely curved surface. Examples of the shape of the recess formed by the concave surface 201 include, but are not limited to, a dome shape, a substantially elliptical truncated cone shape, a substantially square truncated pyramid shape, a substantially elliptical cone shape, or a substantially square pyramid shape. In the present disclosure, the substantially elliptical truncated cone shape, a substantially square truncated pyramid shape, a substantially elliptical cone shape, or a substantially square pyramid shape are not limited to the strict meaning of the term, but also include shapes that are visually perceived as being close to the substantially elliptical truncated cone shape, the substantially square truncated pyramid shape, the substantially elliptical cone shape, or the substantially square pyramid shape. For example, this includes a truncated elliptical cone shape, a truncated square pyramid shape, an elliptical cone shape, or a square pyramid shape that is distorted or deformed within the range of tolerance, error, etc. The flat surface 202 is provided in the peripheral region RE2 and is approximately parallel to the first surface of the drive substrate 11.

[0076] The refractive index n of the cover glass 20 ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ The refractive index n of the cover glass 20 is higher than ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ , the light L emitted from the light emitting elements 12 positioned on the periphery of the display region RE1 can be refracted so as to spread outside the display region RE1 on the concave surface 201. This allows the principal ray axis of the light L emitted from the light emitting elements 12 positioned on the periphery of the display region RE1 to be tilted outside the display region RE1 on the concave surface 201. The refractive index n １ , the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ and the refractive index n of the cover glass 20 ３ is n ２ <n ３ <n １ The relationship is as follows:

[0077] As shown in Figures 9A and 9B, the concave surface 201 is curved concavely in both the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) and the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). This allows the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located at the first short side and the second short side of the display region RE1 to be refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to spread outside the display region RE1. Furthermore, the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located at the first long side and the second long side of the display region RE1 can be refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to spread outside the display region RE1. Here, the first short side of the display region RE1 refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending inward from the first short side of the display region RE1. The second short side of the display region RE1 refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending inward from the second short side of the display region RE1. The first long side of the display region RE1 refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending inward from the first long side of the display region RE1. The second long side of the display area RE1 refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending inward from the second long side of the display area RE1. The first short side and the second short side are two opposing sides of the rectangular display area RE1. The first long side and the second long side are two opposing sides of the rectangular display area RE1.

[0078] 9A and 9B , an example will be described in which the periphery of the concave surface 201 substantially coincides with the periphery of the display region RE1, and the concave surface 201 is provided over the entire display region RE1, but the range in which the concave surface 201 is provided is not limited to this example. For example, the concave surface 201 may be provided in a part of the display region RE1, or the periphery of the concave surface 201 may be located outside the display region RE1, i.e., in the peripheral region RE2.

[0079] [Method for Manufacturing Display Device 101] Hereinafter, an example of a method for manufacturing the display device 101 according to the first embodiment will be described.

[0080] (Process for forming first electrodes 121) First, the driving substrate 11 is fabricated by forming the insulating layer 112 on the first surface of the substrate 111. Next, a metal layer and a metal oxide layer are sequentially formed on the first surface of the insulating layer 112 by, for example, sputtering, and then the metal layer and the metal oxide layer are patterned by, for example, photolithography. As a result, a plurality of first electrodes 121 are formed on the first surface of the insulating layer 112.

[0081] (Step of forming insulating layer 13) Next, the insulating layer 13 is formed on the first surface of the insulating layer 112 by, for example, a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method so as to cover the plurality of first electrodes 121. Next, the insulating layer 13 is processed by, for example, photolithography technology, thereby forming openings 13 a on the first surface of each first electrode 121.

[0082] (Step of Forming OLED Layer 122) Next, for example by vapor deposition, the hole injection layer 1221, the hole transport layer 1222, the red light-emitting layer 1220R, the emission separation layer 1223, the blue light-emitting layer 1220B, the green light-emitting layer 1220G, the electron transport layer 1224, and the electron injection layer 1225 are laminated in this order on the first surfaces of the plurality of first electrodes 121 and on the first surface of the insulating layer 13. This forms the OLED layer 122 having a single layer of light-emitting unit U. Note that the OLED layer 122 is not limited to an OLED layer having a single layer of light-emitting unit U, and may be an OLED layer having two layers of light-emitting units U1 and U2, or may be an OLED layer with a structure other than those.

[0083] (Step of Forming Second Electrode 123) Next, the second electrode 123 is formed on the first surface of the OLED layer 122 by, for example, vapor deposition or sputtering. This forms a plurality of light-emitting elements 12 on the first surface of the insulating layer 112.

[0084] (Step of Forming Protective Layer 14) Next, the protective layer 14 is formed on the first surface of the second electrode 123 by, for example, CVD or vapor deposition.

[0085] (Step of Forming Planarizing Layer 15) Next, the resin composition is applied onto the first surface of the protective layer 14 and then cured by, for example, light irradiation or heating, to form the planarizing layer 15.

[0086] (Process for Forming Color Filter 16) Next, a green color resist is applied to the first surface of the planarization layer 15, and is irradiated with ultraviolet light through a photomask for pattern exposure, followed by development, thereby forming a green colored layer 161G. Next, a red color resist is applied to the first surface of the planarization layer 15, and is irradiated with ultraviolet light through a photomask for pattern exposure, followed by development, thereby forming a red colored layer 161R. Next, a blue color resist is applied to the first surface of the planarization layer 15, and is irradiated with ultraviolet light through a photomask for pattern exposure, followed by development, thereby forming a blue colored layer 161B. This forms a color filter 16 on the first surface of the planarization layer 15.

[0087] (Lens Array 18 Formation Process) Next, a photosensitive resin serving as a lens material is applied to the first surface of the planarization layer 17 by, for example, spin coating, and cured by light irradiation to form a photosensitive resin layer serving as a lens material layer. Next, the photosensitive resin layer is patterned by, for example, photolithography technology, to form a plurality of pillars on the first surface of the planarization layer 17. Next, the plurality of pillars are processed into a convex curved surface by, for example, reflow treatment (heat treatment) or etch-back. This forms a plurality of lenses 181.

[0088] (Process for forming concave surfaces 201) Next, a plurality of concave surfaces 201 are formed on the second surface of the cover glass 20, for example, by photolithography. Note that the method for forming the plurality of concave surfaces 201 is not limited to photolithography. For example, a glass molding die having a plurality of convex surfaces on its molding surface may be prepared, and the shape of the molding surface of this die may be transferred to a glass material, thereby producing a cover glass 20 having a plurality of concave surfaces 201 on its second surface.

[0089] (Sealing Process) Next, the bonding surfaces of the drive substrate 11 and the cover glass 20, on which the layers have been formed as described above, are cleaned to remove dust, and then irradiated with UV light to modify the surfaces. Next, a sealant is applied to the periphery of the bonding surface of the drive substrate 11 in a closed-loop shape surrounding the display region R1 to form a frame, and then a filling resin is applied inside this frame. Next, the cover glass 20 is placed on top of the filling resin and sealant. Next, the sealant and filling resin are hardened by at least one of a heat treatment and a UV irradiation treatment, for example. This results in the drive substrate 11 and the cover glass 20 being bonded together by the filling resin and sealant. Note that the hardening method for the filling resin and sealant is not limited to a heat treatment and a UV irradiation treatment, and hardening methods other than a heat treatment and a UV irradiation treatment may also be used. Next, the display device 101 is cut out from the laminate obtained as described above. As a result, the display device 101 shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.

[0090] [Effects] In the display device 101 according to the first embodiment, the refractive index n ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ The cover glass 20 has a concave surface 201 on the side of the filled resin layer 19, and the concave surface 201 deepens from the periphery of the display region RE1 toward the center. This causes the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the periphery of the display region RE1 to be refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to spread outside the display region RE1. Therefore, even without shifting the colored layer 161 and the lens 181 located on the periphery of the display region RE1 toward the outer periphery of the display region RE1, the principal ray axis of the light emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the periphery of the display region RE1 can be tilted outside the display region RE1 with respect to the normal (Z-axis) to the display surface. This allows the display device 101 to have a wide FOV (Field Of View) while suppressing degradation of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics (color shift at the periphery of the display region RE1). Therefore, when the display device 101 is provided in an eyewear device, an electronic viewfinder, or the like, it is possible to widen the angle of view of these devices while suppressing degradation of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics.

[0091] 10 is a graph showing an example of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of the display device 101. In FIG. 10, curve L1 represents the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of the central portion of the display area of ​​the conventional display device, curve L2 represents the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of the peripheral portion of the display area of ​​the conventional display device, and curve L3 represents the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 of the display device 101 according to the first embodiment. Here, the conventional display device refers to a display device equipped with a flat, plate-shaped cover glass. From FIG. 10, it can be seen that the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics of the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 are improved in the display device 101 according to the first embodiment.

[0092] 4 Second Embodiment [Configuration of Display Device 102] Fig. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a display region RE1 of a display device 102 according to a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, an example will be described in which the lens 31 on the eyewear device side has optical properties that make it easy to refract light on the short wavelength side, as shown in Fig. 12. In Fig. 12, light LR, light LG, and light LB represent red light LR, green light LG, and blue light LB, respectively. The lens 31 is provided facing the display surface of the display device 102.

[0093] The cover glass 20 is configured to be able to correct misalignment of the principal ray axis due to chromatic aberration of the lens 31 on the eyewear device side. The cover glass 20 has multiple concave surfaces 203R, 203G on the side of the multiple light-emitting elements 12 (multiple sub-pixels 10). The concave surface 203R is provided above each colored layer 161R. The concave surface 203G is provided above each colored layer 161G. The concave surfaces 203R, 203G are recessed in a direction away from the light-emitting elements 12. The concave surfaces 203R, 203G preferably have a concave curved surface shape. Examples of concave curved surface shapes include, but are not limited to, a substantially parabolic shape or a substantially hemispherical shape. When the concave surfaces 203R, 203G are referred to collectively without any particular distinction, the concave surfaces 203R, 203G may be simply referred to as the concave surface 203.

[0094] The concave surfaces 203R and 203G are configured to correct deviation of the chief ray axis due to chromatic aberration of the lens 31 on the eyewear device side, and to reduce or eliminate the chromatic aberration of the lens 31. By adjusting the shape of the concave surfaces 203R and 203G, for example, the curvature and / or thickness of the concave surfaces 203R and 203G, it is possible to correct deviation of the chief ray axis due to chromatic aberration of the lens 31 on the eyewear device side. In this specification, "and / or" means at least one of the following; for example, "X and / or Y" means X only, Y only, or X and Y. The thickness of the concave surfaces 203R and 203G refers to the thickness of the cover glass 20 at the portions where the concave surfaces 203R and 203G are provided.

[0095] In the second embodiment, an example has been described in which the concave surfaces 203R and 203G are provided for the subpixels 10R and 10G, but the type of subpixel 10 provided with the concave surface 203 is not limited to this example. For example, the concave surface 203 may be provided for one type of subpixel out of the subpixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, or the concave surface 203 may be provided for two types of subpixels out of the subpixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, or the concave surface may be provided for all of the subpixels 10R, 10G, and 10B.

[0096] In the second embodiment, an example in which one concave surface 203 is provided above one subpixel 10 has been described, but one concave surface 203 may be provided above a plurality of subpixels 10 .

[0097] [Effects] In the display device 102 according to the second embodiment, the angles of the chief ray axes of the red light LR, the green light LG, and the blue light LB are adjusted in advance on the display device 101 side. Therefore, even if the lens on the eyewear device side, such as a VR headset, has optical properties that tend to refract light on the short wavelength side, as shown in Fig. 12, it is possible to correct the deviation of the chief ray axis due to chromatic aberration of the lens 31, and reduce or eliminate the chromatic aberration of the lens 31.

[0098] <5. Modifications> [Modification 1] In the first embodiment, an example has been described in which the display device 101 includes the lens array 18. However, the lens array 18 is not an essential component, and as shown in Fig. 13, the display device 101 does not necessarily have to include the lens array 18. In this case, the display device 101 may or may not include the planarization layer 17. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the lens array 18 does not necessarily have to be included.

[0099] [Variation 2] In the first embodiment, an example has been described in which the color filter 16, the planarization layer 17, the lens array 18, the filled resin layer 19, and the cover glass 20 are provided in this order on the first surface of the planarization layer 15. However, the layer configuration of the display device 101 is not limited to this example. For example, as shown in Fig. 14, the filled resin layer 21, the color filter 16, the planarization layer 17, and a flat cover layer 20a may be provided in this order on the first surface of the planarization layer 15.

[0100] The cover layer 20a includes a cover glass 20 and a low refractive index layer 22. The low refractive index layer 22 is provided on a concave surface 201 of the cover glass 20, and fills the depression formed by the concave surface 201. The refractive index n of the low refractive index layer 22 is ４ is the refractive index n of the cover glass 20 ３ As a result, the light L emitted from the light emitting elements 12 positioned on the periphery of the display region RE1 is refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to spread outside the display region RE1.

[0101] The filling resin layer 21 is filled between the planarizing layer 15 and the color filter 16. The filling resin layer 21 functions as an adhesive layer that bonds the planarizing layer 15 and the color filter 16. Examples of materials for the filling resin layer 21 include the same materials as those for the filling resin layer 19 in the first embodiment.

[0102] As shown in Fig. 15, a lens array 23 may be further provided. The lens array 23 is provided on the second surface of the color filter 16. The lens array 23 includes a plurality of lenses 231. The lenses 231 can collect light L emitted upward from the light-emitting elements 12 and incident via the filled resin layer 21 in the front direction. The lenses 231 are convex lenses having a convex collecting surface facing the light-emitting elements 12. In other respects, the lenses 231 are similar to the lenses 181 in the first embodiment. The refractive index n of the lens array 23 ４ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 21 ５ It is more expensive than

[0103] The display device 102 according to the second embodiment may employ the configuration of the above-described modified example 2. In this case, a low-refractive index layer 22 is provided on the plurality of concave surfaces 203R, 203G of the cover glass 20, and the plurality of depressions formed by the plurality of concave surfaces 203R, 203G are filled. The low-refractive index layer may be connected and shared between the plurality of concave surfaces 203R, 203G, or the low-refractive index layer may be provided individually for the plurality of concave surfaces 203R, 203G.

[0104] [Variation 3] In the first embodiment, an example was described in which the cover glass 20 has a concave surface 201 on the side of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. However, the shape of the surface on the filling resin layer 19 side is not limited to this example. For example, as shown in FIG. 16 , the cover glass 20 may have an inclined surface 204 on the filling resin layer 19 side. The inclined surface 204 is inclined so that the thickness of the cover glass 20 decreases from the first short side (the left short side in FIGS. 5 and 16 ) of the display region RE1 toward the second short side (the right short side in FIGS. 5 and 16 ). More specifically, the inclined surface 204 is provided in a first range RE11 extending from the first short side of the display region RE1 toward a predetermined position P toward the second short side. A flat surface 205 is provided in a second range RE12 extending from the second short side of the display region RE1 toward the predetermined position P toward the first short side of the display region RE1.

[0105] In the display device 101 according to the third modification, the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located in the first range RE11 of the display region RE1 is refracted by the inclined surface 204 so as to spread outside the display region RE1. Meanwhile, the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located in the second range RE12 of the display region RE1 is emitted in the front direction (Z-axis direction) via the flat surface 205. Therefore, even without shifting the colored layer 161 and the lens 181 located in the first range RE11 toward the outer periphery of the display region RE1, the principal ray axis of the light emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located in the first range RE11 can be tilted outside the display region RE1 with respect to the normal (Z-axis) of the display surface. This allows the display device 101 to have a wide FOV (Field of View) while suppressing degradation of the chromaticity viewing angle characteristics (color shift in the first range RE11).

[0106] The display device 101 according to variant example 3 is preferably provided in an optical system configured such that a portion of the peripheral edge of the lens 31 extends beyond the first short side of the display area RE1 in a planar view, as shown in, for example, FIG. 17.

[0107] The direction of inclination of the inclined surface 204 is not limited to the above example. For example, the inclined surface 204 may be inclined so that the thickness of the cover glass 20 becomes thinner from the first long side (the upper long side in FIG. 5 ) of the display area RE1 toward the second long side (the lower long side in FIG. 5 ). More specifically, the inclined surface 204 may be provided in a third range extending from the first long side of the display area RE1 toward a predetermined position toward the second long side. The flat surface 205 may be provided in a fourth range extending from the second long side of the display area RE1 toward a predetermined position toward the first long side of the display area RE1.

[0108] [Modification 4] As shown in FIG. 18, the cover glass 20 has a convex surface 206 on the filling resin layer 19 side, and the refractive index n ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２In this case, too, the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the periphery of the display region RE1 can be refracted so as to spread outside the display region RE1 on the concave surface 201. The convex surface 206 is provided in the display region RE1, and becomes thicker from the periphery toward the center of the display region RE1.

[0109] The refractive index n of the cover glass 20 ３ and the refractive index n of the filling resin layer 19 ２ The magnitude relationship between the refractive index n of the cover glass 20 is not limited to the above example. ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ In this case, the light L emitted from the light emitting elements 12 positioned on the periphery of the display region RE1 can be refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to fall toward the inside of the display region RE1.

[0110] The display device 102 according to the second embodiment may employ the configuration of the above-described modified example 4. That is, the cover glass 20 may have a plurality of convex surfaces on the filling resin layer 19 side.

[0111] In the first embodiment, the concave surface 201 is curved concavely in both the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) and the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). However, the shape of the convex surface 206 is not limited to this.

[0112] 19A and 19B , the concave surface 201 may be concavely curved in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) but not in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction), and may not have a lens function in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). This allows the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the first and second short sides of the display region RE1 to be refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to spread outside the display region RE1. On the other hand, the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the first and second long sides of the display region RE1 can be emitted in the front direction (Z-axis direction) without being refracted by the concave surface 201.

[0113] For example, although not shown, the concave surface 201 may not be concavely curved in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) and may not have a lens function in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction), but may be concavely curved in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). This allows the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the first and second short sides of the display region RE1 to be emitted in the front direction (Z-axis direction) without being refracted by the concave surface 201. On the other hand, the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the first and second long sides of the display region RE1 can be refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to spread outside the display region RE1.

[0114] In the above description, an example has been described in which the concave surface 201 is curved in either the horizontal or vertical direction, but the convex surface 206 may be curved in either the horizontal or vertical direction. Specifically, the convex surface 206 may be convexly curved in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) but not convexly curved in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction), and may not have a lens function in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). Furthermore, the convex surface 206 may not be convexly curved in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction), may not have a lens function in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction), but may be convexly curved in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction).

[0115] [Modification 6] In the first embodiment, the refractive index n ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ However, the refractive index n of the cover glass 20 is higher than that of the ３ and the refractive index n of the filling resin layer 19 ２ The magnitude relationship is not limited to this example, and the refractive index n ３ is the refractive index n of the filled resin layer 19 ２ It may be lower than

[0116] 20 , in the display device 101 according to the sixth modification, the light L emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the periphery of the display region RE1 is refracted by the concave surface 201 so as to be inclined toward the inside of the display region RE1. Therefore, even without shifting the colored layer 161 and the lens 181 located on the periphery of the display region RE1 toward the center of the display region RE1, the principal ray axis of the light emitted from the light-emitting elements 12 located on the periphery of the display region RE1 can be inclined toward the inside of the display region RE1 with respect to the normal (Z-axis) to the display surface.

[0117] The display device 101 according to the sixth modification is preferably provided in an optical system configured such that the peripheral portion of the lens 31 is positioned inside the display region RE1 in a plan view, as shown in FIG. 21, for example.

[0118] [Variation 7] In the first embodiment, an example has been described in which the centers of the colored layers 161 and the lenses 181 throughout the entire display region RE1 substantially coincide with the centers of the light-emitting regions of the light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction. However, the positional relationship between the colored layers 161, the lenses 181, and the light-emitting elements 12 is not limited to this example. For example, in the central portion of the display region RE1, the centers of the colored layers 161 and the lenses 181 substantially coincide with the centers of the light-emitting regions of the light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction, as shown in Fig. 22 , whereas in the peripheral portion of the display region RE1, the centers of the colored layers 161 and the lenses 181 may be shifted toward the outer periphery of the display region RE1 in the in-plane direction with respect to the center of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 as a reference, as shown in Fig. 23 .

[0119] In the display device 101 according to the seventh modification, the chief ray axis of the light emitted from the light emitting element 12 can be tilted to the outside of the display region RE1 with respect to the normal to the display surface (Z axis) by combining the concave surface 201 of the cover glass 20 with the positional shift of the colored layer 161 and the lens 181. Therefore, compared to the case where the chief ray axis of the light emitted from the light emitting element 12 is controlled only by the positional shift of the colored layer 161 and the lens 181, the amount of positional shift of the colored layer 161 and the lens 181 can be reduced.

[0120] In the display device 101 according to the sixth modification, the centers of the colored layer 161 and the lens 181 in the central portion of the display region RE1 are approximately aligned with the center of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in the in-plane direction, whereas the centers of the colored layer 161 and the lens 181 in the peripheral portion of the display region RE1 may be shifted toward the center of the display region RE1 in the in-plane direction with reference to the center of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12. In this case, by combining the concave surface 201 of the cover glass 20 with the shifted positions of the colored layer 161 and the lens 181, the chief ray axis of the emitted light from the light-emitting element 12 can be tilted toward the inside of the display region RE1 with reference to the normal (Z-axis) to the display surface.

[0121] [Modification 8] From the viewpoint of improving light extraction efficiency and / or improving color purity, the light emitting element 12 may have a resonator structure.

[0122] When the first electrode 121 is a reflective electrode that functions as a reflective layer, a resonator structure may be formed by the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123. In this case, the optical distance between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 may be set by the thickness of the OLED layer 122, by selecting the material of the first electrode 121, or by a combination of these.

[0123] When the first electrode 121 is a transparent electrode, a reflective layer may be provided below the transparent electrode, and a resonator structure may be formed by the reflective layer and the second electrode 123. In this case, the optical distance between the reflective layer and the second electrode 123 may be set by the thickness of the OLED layer 122, by selecting the material of the reflective layer, by the thickness of an insulating layer provided between the first electrode 121 (transparent electrode) and the reflective layer, or by a combination of two or more of these.

[0124] [Variation 9] In the first and second embodiments, examples have been described in which the display devices 101 and 102 include a plurality of light-emitting elements 12 capable of emitting white light and a color filter 16, and a combination of these elements is capable of displaying a color image. However, the colorization method of the display devices 101 and 102 is not limited to this. For example, instead of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12 capable of emitting white light, the display devices 101 and 102 may include a plurality of light-emitting elements capable of emitting red light, a plurality of light-emitting elements capable of emitting green light, and a plurality of light-emitting elements capable of emitting blue light. In this case, the color filter is not an essential component and may or may not be included.

[0125] The light-emitting element capable of emitting light of a predetermined color (red light, green light, or blue light) is, for example, (1) a light-emitting element including a light-emitting layer capable of emitting light of a predetermined color (red light, green light, or blue light); (2) a light-emitting element including a light-emitting layer capable of emitting white light and capable of resonating and emphasizing light of a predetermined wavelength (red light, green light, or blue light) contained in the white light emitted by the light-emitting layer using a resonator structure; or (3) a light-emitting element including a light-emitting layer capable of emitting light of a predetermined color (red light, green light, or blue light) and capable of resonating and emphasizing light of a predetermined wavelength contained in the light of a predetermined color emitted by the light-emitting layer using a resonator structure.

[0126] [Modification 10] In the first and second embodiments, examples in which the color filter 16 is provided have been described, but a quantum dot layer may be provided instead of the color filter 16, or a quantum dot layer may be provided together with the color filter 16. The quantum dot layer is a color conversion layer that contains quantum dots (semiconductor particles) and can convert the color of the light L emitted from the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. In this case, the plurality of light-emitting elements 12 may be configured to emit blue light.

[0127] [Modification 11] In the first and second embodiments, examples have been described in which the light-emitting elements 12 are OLED elements. However, the light-emitting elements 12 are not limited to these examples, and may be, for example, self-luminous light-emitting elements such as LED (Light Emitting Diode) elements, inorganic electroluminescence (IEL) elements, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) elements, or semiconductor laser elements. Two or more types of light-emitting elements may be provided in the display device 101.

[0128] [Other Modifications] The first embodiment, the second embodiment, and modifications thereof (hereinafter referred to as "first embodiment, etc.") of the present disclosure have been specifically described above, but the present disclosure is not limited to the first embodiment, etc., and various modifications based on the technical ideas of the present disclosure are possible.

[0129] For example, the configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, and numerical values, etc., given in the first embodiment, etc., are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, and numerical values, etc., may be used as necessary.

[0130] The configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, numerical values, etc. of the first embodiment etc. can be combined with each other as long as they do not deviate from the gist of this disclosure.

[0131] Unless otherwise specified, the materials exemplified in the first embodiment and the like can be used singly or in combination of two or more.

[0132] Two or more of the configurations of Modifications 1 to 11 can be combined.

[0133] The present disclosure may also employ the following configurations. (1) A display device comprising: a plurality of pixels provided in a display region; a resin layer provided on or above the plurality of pixels; and a cover layer provided on the resin layer, wherein the resin layer and the cover layer have different refractive indices, the cover layer having an inclined surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface being provided in at least a part of the periphery of the display region. (2) The display device according to (1), wherein the cover layer has a concave surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface is included in the concave surface. (3) The display device according to (2), wherein the concave surface becomes deeper from the periphery toward the center of the display region. (4) The display device according to (2) or (3), wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is higher than the refractive index of the resin layer. (5) The display device according to (1), wherein the cover layer has a convex surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface is included in the convex surface. (6) The display device according to (5), wherein the convex surface becomes thicker from the periphery toward the center of the display region. (7) The display device according to (5) or (6), wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is lower than the refractive index of the resin layer. (8) The display device according to (1), wherein the display area has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, and at least a portion of the periphery of the display area includes the first end and the second end. (9) The display device according to (8), wherein the inclined surface is inclined so that the thickness of the cover layer becomes thinner from the first end to the second end of the display area. (10) The display device according to (9), wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is higher than the refractive index of the resin layer. (11) The display device according to (8), wherein the inclined surface is inclined so that the thickness of the cover layer becomes thicker from the first end to the second end of the display area. (12) The display device according to (11), wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is lower than the refractive index of the resin layer.(13) A display device comprising: a plurality of pixels provided in a display region; a resin layer provided on or above the plurality of pixels; and a cover layer provided on the resin layer, wherein the resin layer and the cover layer have different refractive indices, and the cover layer has at least one of a plurality of recesses and a plurality of protrusions on the resin layer side. (14) The display device according to (13), wherein the plurality of pixels include pixels of a plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions is provided corresponding to pixels of at least one color among the pixels of the plurality of colors. (15) The display device according to (13), wherein the plurality of pixels include pixels of a plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions is provided corresponding to pixels of at least two colors among the pixels of the plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions is different for each color of the corresponding pixel. (16) An optical system comprising: the display device according to any one of (13) to (15); and a lens facing a display surface of the display device, wherein at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions is configured to be able to correct chromatic aberration of the lens. (17) An electronic device comprising the display device according to any one of (1) to (16).

[0134] 6. Examples of Leakage Suppression Structures The OLED layer 122 of the display device 101 according to the first embodiment and its modified examples, and the display device 102 according to the second embodiment and its modified examples (hereinafter referred to as the "display device 101 according to the first embodiment, etc.") is connected between adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction of the first surface of the drive substrate 11, and forms a layer common to a plurality of light-emitting elements 12. For this reason, in the display device 101 according to the first embodiment, etc., there is a risk of current leakage occurring between adjacent light-emitting elements 12. Below, examples of leakage suppression structures for suppressing such current leakage between light-emitting elements 12 will be described. Note that in the following first to seventh examples, examples will be described in which the OLED layer 122 has two light-emitting units U1 and U2.

[0135] (Leakage Suppression Structure: First Example) Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a first example of the leakage suppression structure. Note that in Fig. 24, layers above the second electrode 123 are not shown. Similarly, in the cross-sectional views for explaining the leakage suppression structures of the second to ninth examples, layers above the second electrode 123 are not shown.

[0136] The insulating layer 13 has openings 13a above each first electrode 121, and covers the periphery of the first surface of the first electrode 121 and the side surfaces (end surfaces) of the first electrodes 121. Specifically, the insulating layer 13 has side wall portions 13b and extension portions 13c. The side wall portions 13b are erected perpendicular to the first surface of the drive substrate 11 and cover the side surfaces of the first electrodes 121. The extension portions 13c extend from the upper ends of the inner circumferential surfaces of the side wall portions 13b toward the center of the first surface of the first electrodes 121 and cover the periphery of the first surfaces of the first electrodes 121.

[0137] The inner periphery of the opening 13a in the insulating layer 13 has a canopy-like protruding portion 132b that protrudes toward the center of the opening 13a. The protruding portion 132b is spaced apart from the first surface of the first electrode 121. The protruding portion 132b is preferably provided around the entire periphery of the opening 13a, but may be provided on a portion of the entire periphery of the opening 13a.

[0138] The light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 are disconnected or made highly resistant by the overhanging portion 132b (region A shown in FIG. 24 ). This makes it possible to suppress current leakage between adjacent light-emitting elements 12. Here, "high resistance" refers to the light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 becoming highly resistant due to their extremely thin film thicknesses at the overhanging portion 132b. The disconnection or high resistance of the light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 caused by the overhanging portion 132b can occur due to the shadowing effect of the overhanging portion 132b during film formation of the OLED layer 122. A gap 132c may be formed between the overhanging portion 132b and the first electrode 121.

[0139] The insulating layer 13 has a first insulating layer 131 and a second insulating layer 132, which are arranged in this order on the first surface of the drive substrate 11 and the first surface of the first electrode 121. The first insulating layer 131 has a plurality of first openings 131a. The second insulating layer 132 has a plurality of second openings 132a. The opening 13a is composed of overlapping first openings 131a and second openings 132a. The inner periphery of the second opening 132a in the second insulating layer 132 protrudes further inward from the opening 13a than the inner periphery of the first opening 131a in the first insulating layer 131, forming a protruding portion 132b.

[0140] 25 is a cross-sectional view of a second example of the leakage suppression structure. The second example differs from the first example in that the insulating layer 13 includes a third insulating layer 133 in addition to the first insulating layer 131 and the second insulating layer 132.

[0141] The third insulating layer 133 is provided between the drive substrate 11 and the first insulating layer 131, and between the first electrode 121 and the first insulating layer 131. The third insulating layer 133 has a third opening 133a on the first surface of the first electrode 121. In the second example, the opening 13a is composed of a first opening 131a, a second opening 132a, and a third opening 133a that are overlapped with each other. The inner periphery of the third opening 133a protrudes further inward than the inner periphery of the first opening 131a. A gap 132c may be formed between the protruding portion 132b and the third insulating layer 133.

[0142] (Leakage Suppression Structure: Third and Fourth Examples) In the first and second examples, examples have been described in which the inner periphery of the opening 13a in the insulating layer 13 has one protruding portion 132b. However, the number of protruding portions that the inner periphery of the opening 13a in the insulating layer 13 has is not limited to these examples, and the inner periphery of the opening 13a in the insulating layer 13 may have two or more protruding portions. Below, an example (third example) in which the inner periphery of the opening 13a in the insulating layer 13 has two protruding portions and an example (fourth example) in which the inner periphery of the opening 13a in the insulating layer 13 has three protruding portions will be described.

[0143] 26 is a cross-sectional view of a third example of the leakage suppression structure. The third example differs from the second example in that insulating layer 13 has fourth insulating layer 134 and fifth insulating layer 135, in that order, on the first surface of second insulating layer 132, and that the inner periphery of opening 13a in insulating layer 13 has two eave-shaped protrusions 132b and 135b.

[0144] The light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 are cut or made highly resistant by the overhanging portion 132b and the overhanging portion 135b. The overhanging portion 135b is provided at a higher position than the overhanging portion 132b with respect to the first surface of the first electrode 121, and is spaced apart from the first surface of the second insulating layer 132. The overhanging portion 135b is set back more away from the center of the opening 13a than the overhanging portion 132b.

[0145] The fourth insulating layer 134 has a fourth opening 134a. The fifth insulating layer 135 has a fifth opening 135a. In the third example, the opening 13a is composed of a first opening 131a, a second opening 132a, a third opening 133a, a fourth opening 134a, and a fifth opening 135a that are overlapping each other. The inner periphery of the fourth opening 134a is recessed in a direction away from the center of the opening 13a relative to the inner peripheries of the second opening 132a and the fifth opening 135a. The inner periphery of the fifth opening 135a protrudes more inward from the opening 13a than the fourth opening 134a, forming a protruding portion 135b.

[0146] 27 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth example of the leakage suppression structure. The fourth example differs from the third example in that insulating layer 13 has sixth insulating layer 136 and seventh insulating layer 137 in this order on the first surface of fifth insulating layer 135, and the inner periphery of opening 13a in insulating layer 13 has three eave-like protrusions 132b, 135b, and 137b.

[0147] The light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 are cut or made highly resistant by the overhanging portion 132b, the overhanging portion 135b, and the overhanging portion 137b. The overhanging portion 137b is provided at a higher position than the overhanging portion 135b with respect to the first surface of the first electrode 121, and is spaced apart from the first surface of the fifth insulating layer 135. The overhanging portion 137b is set back more away from the center of the opening 13a than the overhanging portion 135b.

[0148] The sixth insulating layer 136 has a sixth opening 136a. The seventh insulating layer 137 has a seventh opening 137a. In the fourth example, the opening 13a is composed of a first opening 131a, a second opening 132a, a third opening 133a, a fourth opening 134a, a fifth opening 135a, a sixth opening 136a, and a seventh opening 137a, which are all overlapping each other. The inner periphery of the sixth opening 136a is recessed in a direction away from the center of the opening 13a from the inner peripheries of the fifth opening 135a and the seventh opening 137a. The inner periphery of the seventh opening 137a protrudes inward from the sixth opening 136a, forming a protruding portion 137b.

[0149] 28 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth example of a leakage suppression structure. The fifth example differs from the second example in that insulating layer 13 includes first insulating layer 131, second insulating layer 132, and third insulating layer 133, as well as eighth insulating layer 138, and that the inner periphery of opening 13a in insulating layer 13 includes two eave-shaped protrusions 132b and 133b.

[0150] The light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 are cut or made highly resistant by the overhanging portion 132b and the overhanging portion 133b. The overhanging portion 133b overhangs more inwardly of the opening 13a than the overhanging portion 132b. The overhanging portion 133b is located at a lower position than the overhanging portion 132b with respect to the first surface of the first electrode 121. The overhanging portion 133b is spaced apart from the first surface of the first electrode 121.

[0151] The eighth insulating layer 138 is provided between the drive substrate 11 and the third insulating layer 133, and between the first electrode 121 and the third insulating layer 133. The eighth insulating layer 138 has an eighth opening 138a. In the fifth example, the opening 13a is composed of a first opening 131a, a second opening 132a, a third opening 133a, and an eighth opening 138a, which are overlapped with each other. The inner periphery of the third opening 133a in the third insulating layer 133 protrudes further inward from the opening 13a than the inner periphery of the eighth opening 138a in the eighth insulating layer 138, thereby forming a protruding portion 133b.

[0152] (Leakage Suppression Structure: Sixth Example) Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view of a sixth example of a leakage suppression structure. The sixth example differs from the first example in that the insulating layer 13 has a protruding portion 13b1 on the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b instead of having a protruding portion 132b on the inner periphery of the opening 13a. Although Figure 29 shows an example in which the insulating layer 13 has a single-layer structure, it may also have a laminated structure of two or more layers.

[0153] The protruding portion 13b1 protrudes outward from the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b. A recess 13b2 is provided at a position a predetermined distance below the upper end of the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b. By providing the recess 13b2 on the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b in this manner, the protruding portion 13b1 is configured at the upper end of the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b. The protruding portion 13b1 and the recess 13b2 are preferably provided around the entire periphery of the side wall portion 13b, but may be provided on a portion of the entire periphery of the side wall portion 13b.

[0154] The light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generating layer 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 are cut or made highly resistant by the protruding portion 132b (area A shown in FIG. 29 ), which makes it possible to suppress current leakage between adjacent light-emitting elements 12.

[0155] In the sixth example, the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b has one protrusion 13b1 and one recess 13b2. However, the number of protrusions 13b1 and recesses 13b2 on the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b is not limited to this example, and the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b may have two or more protrusions 13b1 and two or more recesses 13b2. In this case, the two or more recesses 13b2 may be arranged sequentially at a predetermined distance from the upper end to the lower end of the outer periphery of the side wall portion 13b.

[0156] (Leakage Suppression Structure: Seventh Example) Fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view of a seventh example of the leakage suppression structure. A groove 13Gv is provided between adjacent light-emitting elements 12. The groove 13Gv may be provided between light-emitting elements 12 adjacent in a predetermined direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), or may be provided so as to surround the light-emitting element 12. The groove 13Gv is formed across the insulating layer 13 and the insulating layer 112.

[0157] The light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 are cut or made highly resistant by the groove 13Gv. This makes it possible to suppress current leakage between adjacent light-emitting elements 12. Here, "high resistance" means that the light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 have extremely thin film thicknesses within the groove 13Gv, thereby making them highly resistant, as shown in FIG. 31 . Of the layers included in the OLED layer 122, the light-emitting unit U2 located above the charge generation layer 1227 straddles the groove 13Gv.

[0158] (Leakage Suppression Structure: Eighth Example) FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of an eighth example of the leakage suppression structure. A plurality of wirings 112a, a plurality of contact plugs 112b, and a plurality of contact electrodes 112c are provided in the insulating layer 112. Each contact plug 112b electrically connects the first electrode 121 and the wiring 112a. A groove 13Gv is provided between adjacent light-emitting elements 12. The bottom surface of the groove 13Gv is formed by the first surface of the contact electrode 112c. An auxiliary electrode 112d is provided on the side surface of each groove 13Gv. The auxiliary electrode 112d is in contact with the first surface of the contact electrode 112c.

[0159] The OLED layer 122 is cut by the grooves 13Gv. While FIG. 32 shows an example in which the second electrode 123 is also cut by the grooves 13Gv, the second electrode 123 may not be cut by the grooves 13Gv and may be connected between adjacent light-emitting elements 12. The second electrode 123 is in contact with the auxiliary electrode 112d on the side surface of the groove 13Gv. The second electrode 123 is in contact with the contact electrode 112c on the bottom surface of the groove 13Gv. A protective layer 14 may be provided on the first surface of the second electrode 123 so as to follow the shape of the second electrode 123.

[0160] In the eighth example, the leakage current between adjacent light emitting elements 12 can be drawn into the auxiliary electrode 112d and the contact electrode 112c. Therefore, the current leakage between adjacent light emitting elements 12 can be suppressed.

[0161] (Leakage Suppression Structure: Ninth Example) Fig. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a ninth example of the leakage suppression structure. In the ninth example, the display device 101 includes a plurality of third electrodes 124. The plurality of third electrodes 124 are provided on the second surface side of the OLED layer 122, similar to the plurality of first electrodes 121. Each third electrode 124 is disposed between adjacent first electrodes 121.

[0162] 34 is a plan view illustrating the arrangement of the first electrodes 121 and the third electrodes 124. The multiple third electrodes 124 are a group of island-shaped electrodes having an area smaller than that of the first electrodes 121. The multiple third electrodes 124 are regularly arranged so as to be equally spaced from adjacent first electrodes 121 in plan view. From another perspective, the multiple third electrodes 124 are arranged at a predetermined distance from each first electrode 121 and so as to surround it in plan view.

[0163] A plurality of wirings 112a, a plurality of wirings 112e, a plurality of contact plugs 112b, and a plurality of contact plugs 112f are provided in the insulating layer 112. Each contact plug 112b electrically connects the first electrode 121 to the wiring 112a. Each contact plug 112f electrically connects the third electrode 124 to the wiring 112e.

[0164] The plurality of third electrodes 124 are connected to the internal circuitry of the display device 101 via contact plugs 112 f, wiring 112 e, etc., and are set to a common constant potential. Specifically, when a voltage is applied to the OLED layer 122, the potential of the third electrodes 124 is set to be smaller than the sum of the potential of the second electrodes 123 and the threshold voltage for the OLED layer 122. As a result, even if a voltage is applied to the OLED layer 122 by the first electrodes 121 and the second electrodes 123, causing a leakage current from the first electrodes 121, the leakage current flows preferentially to the third electrodes 124. This prevents a leakage current from flowing from a first electrode 121 to an adjacent first electrode 121.

[0165] (Leakage Suppression Structure: Other Examples) In the first to seventh examples, the OLED layer 122 has two light-emitting units U1 and U2. However, the configuration of the OLED layer 122 is not limited to these examples, and the OLED layer 122 may have a single light-emitting unit U, or may have three or more light-emitting units U.

[0166] In the first to seventh examples, the light-emitting unit U1 and the charge generation layer 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 are cut or made highly resistant by the overhanging portions 132b, 133b, 135b, 137b, and 13b1 and the grooves 13Gv (hereinafter referred to as "overhanging portions 132b and grooves 13Gv, etc."). However, the layers that are cut or made highly resistant by the overhanging portions 132b and grooves 13Gv, etc. are not limited to these examples. For example, the hole injection layer 1221 or the hole transport layer 1222 included in the OLED layer 122 may be cut or made highly resistant by the overhanging portions 132b and grooves 13Gv, etc., or both the hole injection layer 1221 and the hole transport layer 1222 included in the OLED layer 122 may be cut or made highly resistant by the overhanging portions 132b and grooves 13Gv, etc. When the OLED layer 122 has three or more light-emitting units U, two or more light-emitting units U and two or more charge generating layers 1227 included in the OLED layer 122 may be cut or made highly resistant by the protrusion 132b and the groove 13Gv, etc.

[0167] 7. Example of Resonator Structure The subpixel 10 included in the display device 101 according to the first embodiment may be configured to have a resonator structure that resonates light generated by the light-emitting element 12. The resonator structure will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the first surface of each layer may be referred to as the upper surface.

[0168] (Resonator Structure: First Example) Fig. 35A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first example of a resonator structure. In the following description, when the light-emitting elements provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to collectively without any particular distinction, these light-emitting elements may be referred to as light-emitting elements 12. When the light-emitting elements provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to separately, these light-emitting elements may be referred to as light-emitting elements 12. Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The portions of the OLED layer 122 corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are called the OLED layer 122 Ｒ , OLED layer 122 Ｇ , OLED layer 122 Ｂ This is what happens.

[0169] In the first example, the first electrode 121 is formed to have a common film thickness in each light emitting element 12. The same is true for the second electrode 123.

[0170] A reflector 71 is disposed below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 sandwiched therebetween. A resonator structure that resonates the light generated by the OLED layer 122 is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123. In the following description, the optical adjustment layers 72 provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to as the optical adjustment layers 72. Ｒ , 72 Ｇ , 72 Ｂ This is what happens.

[0171] The reflector 71 is formed to have a common film thickness for each light-emitting element 12. The film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. Ｒ , 72 Ｇ , 72 Ｂ By having different film thicknesses, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimum resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0172] In the example shown in FIG. 35A, the light emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 ＢAs described above, the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 differs depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel, so the position of the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is aligned with the light emitting element 12. Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ It varies depending on the type of

[0173] The reflector 71 can be made of a metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or copper (Cu), or an alloy containing any of these as its main component.

[0174] The optical adjustment layer 72 is made of silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ), silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ The optical adjustment layer 72 may be formed using an inorganic insulating material such as acrylic resin or polyimide resin, or an organic resin material such as acrylic resin or polyimide resin. The optical adjustment layer 72 may be a single layer or a laminated film made of a plurality of these materials. The number of laminated layers may vary depending on the type of light-emitting element 12.

[0175] The first electrode 121 can be formed using a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or zinc oxide (ZnO).

[0176] The second electrode 123 needs to function as a semi-transmissive reflective film. The second electrode 123 can be formed using magnesium (Mg) or silver (Ag), a magnesium-silver alloy (MgAg) containing these as main components, or an alloy containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

[0177] (Resonator Structure: Second Example) FIG. 35B is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a second example of the resonator structure.

[0178] In the second example, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are also formed to have the same film thickness in each light emitting element 12 .

[0179] Also in the second example, a reflector 71 is disposed below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 sandwiched therebetween. A resonator structure that resonates the light generated by the OLED layer 122 is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123. As in the first example, the reflector 71 is formed to have the same film thickness for each light-emitting element 12, and the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 differs depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel.

[0180] In the first example shown in FIG. 35A, the light emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The upper surfaces of the reflectors 71 are aligned, and the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is positioned so that the light emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ It differed depending on the type of

[0181] In contrast, in the second example shown in FIG. 35B, the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ In order to align the upper surfaces of the second electrodes 123, the light emitting elements 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The upper surface of the reflector 71 is Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ Therefore, the lower surface of the reflector 71 (in other words, the upper surface of the base layer (insulating layer) 73) has a stepped shape according to the type of the light emitting element 12.

[0182] The materials constituting the reflector 71, the optical adjustment layer 72, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

[0183] (Cavity Structure: Third Example) Fig. 36A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a third example of the cavity structure. In the following description, the reflectors 71 provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to as "reflectors 71" Ｒ , 71 Ｇ , 71 Ｂ This is what happens.

[0184] In the third example, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are also formed to have the same film thickness in each light emitting element 12 .

[0185] Also in the third example, a reflector 71 is disposed below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 sandwiched therebetween. A resonator structure that resonates the light generated by the OLED layer 122 is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123. As in the first and second examples, the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. As in the second example, the position of the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is located above the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12. Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ are arranged to align.

[0186] In the second example shown in FIG. 36B, the lower surface of the reflector 71 has a stepped shape according to the type of light emitting element 12 in order to align the upper surface of the second electrode 123 .

[0187] In contrast, in the third example shown in FIG. 36A, the film thickness of the reflector 71 is Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ More specifically, the reflector 71 is set to have a different reflecting surface depending on the type of the reflector 71. Ｒ , 71 Ｇ , 71 Ｂ The film thickness is set so that the bottom surfaces of the

[0188] The materials constituting the reflector 71, the optical adjustment layer 72, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

[0189] (Fourth Example of Resonator Structure) Fig. 36B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a fourth example of the resonator structure. In the following description, the first electrodes 121 provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to as first electrodes 121 Ｒ , 121 Ｇ , 121 Ｂ This is what happens.

[0190] 36A , the first electrodes 121 and second electrodes 123 of each light-emitting element 12 are formed to have the same film thickness. A reflector 71 is disposed below the first electrodes 121 of the light-emitting elements 12 with an optical adjustment layer 72 sandwiched therebetween.

[0191] In contrast, in the fourth example shown in FIG. 36B, the optical adjustment layer 72 is omitted, and the film thickness of the first electrode 121 is set to the same as that of the light emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The settings were different depending on the type of

[0192] The reflector 71 is formed to have a common thickness for each light-emitting element 12. The thickness of the first electrode 121 varies depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. Ｒ , 121 Ｇ , 121 Ｂ By having different film thicknesses, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimum resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0193] The materials constituting the reflector 71, the optical adjustment layer 72, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

[0194] (Resonator Structure: Fifth Example) FIG. 37A is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a fifth example of the resonator structure.

[0195] 35A , the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are formed to have the same film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. A reflector 71 is disposed below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12 with an optical adjustment layer 72 sandwiched therebetween.

[0196] 37A, the optical adjustment layer 72 is omitted, and instead, an oxide film 74 is formed on the surface of the reflector 71. The thickness of the oxide film 74 is Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ In the following description, the oxide films 74 provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to as oxide films 74 Ｒ , 74Ｇ , 74 Ｂ This is what happens.

[0197] The thickness of the oxide film 74 varies depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. Ｒ , 74 Ｇ , 74 Ｂ By having different film thicknesses, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimum resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0198] The oxide film 74 is a film obtained by oxidizing the surface of the reflector 71, and is made of, for example, aluminum oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, etc. The oxide film 74 functions as an insulating film for adjusting the optical path length (optical distance) between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123.

[0199] Light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The oxide film 74, which has a different thickness depending on the type of material, can be formed, for example, as follows.

[0200] First, a container is filled with an electrolyte, and the substrate on which the reflector 71 is formed is immersed in the electrolyte. An electrode is disposed so as to face the reflector 71.

[0201] Then, a positive voltage is applied to the reflector 71 with the electrode as a reference, and the reflector 71 is anodized. The thickness of the oxide film formed by anodization is proportional to the voltage value applied to the electrode. Ｒ , 71 Ｇ , 71 Ｂ Anodic oxidation is performed while a voltage according to the type of light emitting element 12 is applied to each of the layers 71 and 72. This allows oxide films 74 with different thicknesses to be formed all at once.

[0202] The materials constituting the reflector 71, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, and therefore will not be described again.

[0203] (Resonator Structure: Sixth Example) FIG. 37B is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a sixth example of the resonator structure.

[0204] In the sixth example, the light emitting element 12 is configured by laminating a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122, and a second electrode 123. However, in the sixth example, the first electrode 121 is formed so as to function both as an electrode and a reflector. The first electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 is formed so as to function as a light emitting element 12. Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The first electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 is formed of a material having an optical constant selected according to the type of color to be displayed. By varying the phase shift due to the first electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimum resonance for the wavelength of light according to the color to be displayed.

[0205] The first electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 can be made of a single metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), or copper (Cu), or an alloy containing these as a main component. Ｒ First electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 Ｒ is formed of copper (Cu), and the light emitting element 12 Ｇ First electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 Ｇ and light-emitting element 12 Ｂ First electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 Ｂ The insulating film 11 may be made of aluminum.

[0206] The material constituting the second electrode 123 is the same as that described in the first example, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0207] (Resonator Structure: Seventh Example) FIG. 38 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a seventh example of the resonator structure.

[0208] The seventh example is basically the same as the light emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ The sixth example is applied to the light emitting element 12 Ｂ In this configuration, the optical distance that generates the optimum resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed can also be set.

[0209] Light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ First electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 used in Ｒ , 121Ｇ The electrode can be made of a single metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), or copper (Cu), or an alloy containing any of these as a main component.

[0210] Light-emitting element 12 Ｂ Reflector 71 used in Ｂ , optical adjustment layer 72 Ｂ and the first electrode 121 Ｂ The materials constituting the second embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and therefore will not be described here.

[0211] <8 Application Examples> (Electronic Devices) The display device 101 etc. according to the first embodiment may be provided in various electronic devices. The display device 101 etc. according to the first embodiment is particularly suitable for eyewear devices such as head-mounted displays, or electronic viewfinders for video cameras or single-lens reflex cameras that require high resolution and are used in a magnified state near the eyes.

[0212] 39A and 39B show an example of the appearance of a digital still camera 310. This digital still camera 310 is an interchangeable lens single-lens reflex type, and has an interchangeable taking lens unit (interchangeable lens) 312 located approximately in the center of the front of a camera main body 311, and a grip part 313 for the photographer to hold on the left side of the front.

[0213] A monitor 314 is provided at a position shifted to the left from the center on the back of the camera body 311. An electronic viewfinder (eyepiece window) 315 is provided above the monitor 314. By looking through the electronic viewfinder 315, the photographer can visually confirm the optical image of the subject guided by the photographing lens unit 312 and determine the composition. The electronic viewfinder 315 includes any of the display devices 101 according to the first embodiment.

[0214] 40 shows an example of the appearance of a head-mounted display 320. The head-mounted display 320 is an example of an eyewear device. The head-mounted display 320 has, for example, ear hooks 322 on both sides of a glasses-shaped display unit 321 for wearing on the user's head. The display unit 321 includes any one of the display devices 101 according to the first embodiment, etc.

[0215] 41 shows an example of the appearance of a television device 330. This television device 330 has, for example, an image display screen unit 331 including a front panel 332 and a filter glass 333, and this image display screen unit 331 includes any one of the display devices 101 according to the first embodiment, etc.

[0216] 42 shows an example of the appearance of a see-through head mounted display 340. The see-through head mounted display 340 is an example of an eyewear device. The see-through head mounted display 340 includes a main body 341, an arm 342, and a lens barrel 343.

[0217] The main body 341 is connected to the arm 342 and the glasses 350. Specifically, an end of the long side of the main body 341 is coupled to the arm 342, and one side of the main body 341 is connected to the glasses 350 via a connecting member. The main body 341 may also be worn directly on the head of a human body.

[0218] The main body 341 incorporates a control board for controlling the operation of the see-through head mounted display 340 and a display unit. The arm 342 connects the main body 341 to the lens barrel 343 and supports the lens barrel 343. Specifically, the arm 342 is coupled to an end of the main body 341 and an end of the lens barrel 343, respectively, and fixes the lens barrel 343. The arm 342 also incorporates a signal line for communicating data related to images provided from the main body 341 to the lens barrel 343.

[0219] The lens barrel 343 projects image light provided from the main body 341 via the arm 342, through an eyepiece 351, toward the eyes of a user wearing the see-through head mounted display 340. In this see-through head mounted display 340, the display unit of the main body 341 includes any one of the display devices 101 according to the first embodiment.

[0220] 43 shows an example of the appearance of a smartphone 360. The smartphone 360 ​​includes a display unit 361 that displays various information, an operation unit 362 that includes buttons and the like that accept operation inputs from the user, and the like. The display unit 361 includes any one of the display devices 101 and the like according to the first embodiment.

[0221] (Specific Example 6) The display device 101 according to the first embodiment and the like may be provided in various displays provided in vehicles.

[0222] 44A and 44B are diagrams showing an example of the internal configuration of a vehicle 500 equipped with various displays. Specifically, Fig. 44A is a diagram showing an example of the internal appearance of the vehicle 500 from the rear to the front of the vehicle 500, and Fig. 44B is a diagram showing an example of the internal appearance of the vehicle 500 from diagonally rear to diagonally front of the vehicle 500.

[0223] The vehicle 500 includes a center display 501, a console display 502, a head-up display 503, a digital rearview mirror 504, a steering wheel display 505, and a rear entertainment display 506. At least one of these displays includes any of the display devices 101, etc. according to the first embodiment. For example, all of these displays may include any of the display devices 101, etc. according to the first embodiment.

[0224] The center display 501 is disposed in a portion of the dashboard facing the driver's seat 508 and the passenger seat 509. While FIGS. 44A and 44B show an example of a horizontally elongated center display 501 extending from the driver's seat 508 to the passenger seat 509, the screen size and location of the center display 501 are arbitrary. The center display 501 can display information detected by various sensors. As a specific example, the center display 501 can display an image captured by an image sensor, a distance image to obstacles in front of or to the side of the vehicle 500 measured by a ToF sensor, the body temperature of a passenger detected by an infrared sensor, and the like. The center display 501 can be used to display, for example, at least one of safety-related information, operation-related information, a life log, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, and entertainment-related information.

[0225] The safety-related information includes information such as detection of drowsiness, distraction, child mischief, whether a seatbelt is fastened, and whether a passenger has been abandoned. This information is detected, for example, by a sensor placed on the rear side of the center display 501. The operation-related information is obtained by detecting gestures related to passenger operations using a sensor. The detected gestures may include operations of various equipment within the vehicle 500. For example, operations of the air conditioning system, navigation system, AV system, lighting system, etc. are detected. The life log includes life logs of all passengers. For example, the life log includes a record of each passenger's actions while on board. By acquiring and saving the life log, the condition of the passenger at the time of the accident can be confirmed. The health-related information is obtained by detecting the passenger's body temperature using a sensor such as a temperature sensor, and inferring the passenger's health condition based on the detected body temperature. Alternatively, an image sensor may be used to capture an image of the passenger's face, and the passenger's health condition may be inferred from the facial expression in the image. Furthermore, the system may have an automated voice conversation with the occupant and estimate the occupant's health condition based on the occupant's responses. The authentication / identification-related information includes a keyless entry function that uses a sensor to perform facial authentication, a function that automatically adjusts seat height and position using facial recognition, etc. The entertainment-related information includes a function that uses a sensor to detect operation information of an AV device by the occupant, a function that recognizes the occupant's face using a sensor and provides content suitable for the occupant via the AV device, etc.

[0226] The console display 502 can be used to display, for example, life log information. The console display 502 is disposed near a shift lever 511 on a center console 510 between a driver's seat 508 and a passenger seat 509. Information detected by various sensors can also be displayed on the console display 502. Furthermore, the console display 502 may display an image of the vehicle's surroundings captured by an image sensor, or an image showing the distance to an obstacle around the vehicle.

[0227] The head-up display 503 is virtually displayed behind the windshield 512 in front of the driver's seat 508. The head-up display 503 can be used to display, for example, at least one of safety-related information, operation-related information, a life log, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, and entertainment-related information. Because the head-up display 503 is often virtually located in front of the driver's seat 508, it is suitable for displaying information directly related to the operation of the vehicle 500, such as the speed of the vehicle 500 and the remaining fuel (battery) level.

[0228] The digital rearview mirror 504 can not only display the rear of the vehicle 500 but also the status of passengers in the rear seats. Therefore, by placing a sensor on the back side of the digital rearview mirror 504, it can be used to display life log information, for example.

[0229] The steering wheel display 505 is disposed near the center of the steering wheel 513 of the vehicle 500. The steering wheel display 505 can be used to display, for example, at least one of safety-related information, operation-related information, a life log, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, and entertainment-related information. In particular, because the steering wheel display 505 is located near the driver's hands, it is suitable for displaying life log information such as the driver's body temperature, and for displaying information related to the operation of AV equipment, air conditioning equipment, etc.

[0230] The rear entertainment display 506 is attached to the back side of the driver's seat 508 and the passenger seat 509 and is intended for viewing by rear seat passengers. The rear entertainment display 506 can be used to display, for example, at least one of safety-related information, operation-related information, a life log, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, and entertainment-related information. In particular, since the rear entertainment display 506 is located directly in front of the rear seat passengers, information related to the rear seat passengers is displayed on the rear entertainment display 506. For example, the rear entertainment display 506 may display information related to the operation of an AV device or an air conditioning system, or may display the results of measuring the body temperature of the rear seat passengers using a temperature sensor.

[0231] A sensor may be arranged on the rear surface of the display device 101 or the like, enabling distances to surrounding objects to be measured. Optical distance measurement methods are broadly divided into passive and active types. Passive methods measure distance by receiving light from an object without projecting light from the sensor onto the object. Passive methods include the lens focusing method, the stereo method, and the monocular vision method. Active methods measure distance by projecting light onto an object and receiving reflected light from the object with a sensor. Active methods include the optical radar method, the active stereo method, the photometric stereo method, the moire topography method, and the interferometry method. The display device 101 or the like according to the first embodiment can be applied to any of these distance measurement methods. The above-described passive or active distance measurement can be performed by using a sensor arranged on the rear surface of the display device 101.

[0232] 10R, 10G, 10B Subpixel 11 Drive substrate 111 Substrate 112 Insulating layer 113 Pad portion 12 Light-emitting element 121 First electrode 122 OLED layer 123 Second electrode 13 Insulating layer 13a Opening 14 Protective layer 15 Planarization layer (first resin layer) 16 Color filter 161R, 161G, 161B Colored layer 17 Planarization layer (second resin layer) 18 Lens array 181 Lens 19 Filled resin layer 20 Cover glass 20a Cover layer 21 Filled resin layer 22 Low refractive index layer 23 Lens array 231 Lens 101 Display device 102 Display device 201 Concave surface 202 Flat surface 203 Concave surface 204 Inclined surface 205 Flat surface 206 Convex surface 310 Digital still camera 320 Head mounted display 330 Television device 340 See-through head mounted display 360 Smartphone 500 Vehicle U1, U2 Light emitting unit RE1 Display area RE2 Peripheral area

Claims

1. A display device comprising: a plurality of pixels arranged in a display area; a resin layer arranged on or above the plurality of pixels; and a cover layer arranged on the resin layer, wherein the resin layer and the cover layer have different refractive indices, the cover layer has an inclined surface on the resin layer side, and the inclined surface is provided on at least a portion of the periphery of the display area.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the cover layer has a concave surface on the side of the resin layer, and the inclined surface is included in the concave surface.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the concave surface becomes deeper from the periphery toward the center of the display area.

4. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is higher than the refractive index of the resin layer.

5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the cover layer has a convex surface on the side of the resin layer, and the inclined surface is included in the convex surface.

6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the convex surface becomes thicker from the periphery toward the center of the display area.

7. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is lower than the refractive index of the resin layer.

8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the display area has opposing first and second ends, and at least a portion of the periphery of the display area includes the first end and the second end.

9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the inclined surface is inclined such that the thickness of the cover layer becomes thinner from a first end to a second end of the display area.

10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is higher than the refractive index of the resin layer.

11. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the inclined surface is inclined such that the thickness of the cover layer increases from a first end to a second end of the display area.

12. The display device according to claim 11, wherein the refractive index of the cover layer is lower than the refractive index of the resin layer.

13. A display device comprising: a plurality of pixels arranged in a display area; a resin layer arranged on or above the plurality of pixels; and a cover layer arranged on the resin layer, wherein the resin layer and the cover layer have different refractive indices, and the cover layer has at least one of a plurality of recesses and a plurality of protrusions on the resin layer side.

14. The display device according to claim 13, wherein the plurality of pixels include pixels of a plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of concave portions and the plurality of convex portions is provided corresponding to at least one or more pixels of a plurality of colors among the pixels of the plurality of colors.

15. The display device according to claim 13, wherein the plurality of pixels include pixels of a plurality of colors, at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions is provided corresponding to at least two or more colors of the pixels of the plurality of colors, and at least one of the plurality of recesses and the plurality of protrusions is different for each color of the corresponding pixel.

16. An optical system comprising: a display device according to claim 13; and a lens facing a display surface of said display device, wherein at least one of said plurality of concave portions and said plurality of convex portions is configured to be capable of correcting chromatic aberration of said lens.

17. An electronic device comprising the display device according to claim 1.

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