Channel transmission method, apparatus, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of zero power consumption. Disclosed are a channel transmission method, apparatus and device and a storage medium. The method comprises: determining, on the basis of the energy storage energy of the terminal device, a sending mode of a physical random access channel (PRACH). The method is beneficial to the terminal device for determining, on the basis of the energy storage energy thereof, a sending mode that can adapt to the current energy storage energy in a variety of different sending modes. By specifying the sending mode of the PRACH, PRACH sending failures caused by insufficient energy storage of the terminal device can be effectively reduced, and energy waste caused by meaningless attempts of the terminal device is avoided.

Description

Channel transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of zero power consumption, and in particular to a channel transmission method, apparatus, device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] When the terminal device is an active device, it relies primarily on battery power when performing the random access process. In other words, the terminal device does not need to consider the energy source when sending the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), but only needs to limit the maximum transmit power of the PRACH.

[0003] Cellular networks support the access of zero-power devices. Because zero-power devices draw their energy from ambient energy and have limited energy storage capacity, PRACH transmission failures may occur during random access. Improving the success rate of PRACH transmissions by zero-power devices remains an unresolved technical challenge.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a channel transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a channel transmission method, the method being performed by a terminal device, the terminal device collecting environmental energy for power supply, the method comprising:

[0007] Based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device, the PRACH transmission mode is determined.

[0008] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a channel transmission method, which is performed by a network device and includes:

[0009] Receive PRACH, where the PRACH transmission mode is determined based on the energy storage of the terminal device, and the terminal device acquisition environment can provide power.

[0010] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a channel transmission device, the device comprising:

[0011] A determination module is used to determine the PRACH transmission mode based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device.

[0012] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a channel transmission device, the device comprising:

[0013] The receiving module is used to receive PRACH, where the sending mode of the PRACH is determined based on the energy storage of the terminal device, and the terminal device acquisition environment can be powered.

[0014] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, the terminal device including a processor; wherein:

[0015] The processor is used to determine the PRACH transmission mode based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device.

[0016] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a network device, comprising a processor and a receiver connected to the processor; wherein:

[0017] The receiver is used to receive PRACH, and the transmission mode of the PRACH is determined based on the energy storage of the terminal device, and the terminal device acquisition environment can be powered.

[0018] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is used to be executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned channel transmission method.

[0019] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions. When the chip runs on a terminal or a network device, it is used to implement the above-mentioned channel transmission method.

[0020] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the processor of the communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, so that the communication device implements the above-mentioned channel transmission method.

[0021] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement the above-mentioned channel transmission method.

[0022] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application may include the following beneficial effects: enabling the terminal device to determine a transmission mode that is adapted to the current energy storage energy based on its own energy storage energy among a variety of different transmission modes, thereby effectively reducing PRACH transmission failures caused by insufficient energy storage of the terminal device and reducing energy waste caused by unnecessary PRACH transmission attempts of the terminal device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of PRACH repeated transmission provided by the related art;

[0024] FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing a backscatter communication process provided by the related art;

[0026] FIG4 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG5 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG7 shows a schematic diagram of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG8 shows a schematic diagram of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG9 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG10 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG11 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG13 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG14 shows a structural block diagram of a channel transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG15 shows a structural block diagram of a channel transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG16 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To further clarify the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application, embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with certain aspects of this application, as detailed in the appended claims. All other embodiments conceivable by persons of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort with respect to the embodiments described herein are intended to be protected by this application. The terms used in this disclosure are intended solely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It should be understood that while this disclosure may employ the terms first, second, third, etc. to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information could be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information could be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Depending on the context, the term "if" as used herein could be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determining."

[0040] First, the relevant technologies involved in the embodiments of this application are introduced:

[0041] PRACH during random access:

[0042] In the New Radio (NR) technology, PRACH resources configured for access terminal devices are defined, including 256 configurations. The random access channel (RACH) resource configuration information used by the cell is indicated to the accessing terminal device in the system message. Among them, each PRACH resource configuration includes the random access preamble, period, radio frame offset, subframe number within the radio frame, starting symbol within the subframe, number of PRACH time slots within the subframe, number of PRACH opportunities within the PRACH time slot, and PRACH opportunity duration. Through this information, the time, frequency, and code information of the PRACH resource can be determined.

[0043] Based on the RACH resource configuration indicated by the system message, the association between the synchronization signal block (SSB) and the PRACH resource is also indicated, so that the terminal device can determine the PRACH resources it can use, including the PRACH timing and preamble, based on the detected association between the SSB and the PRACH resource. The terminal device determines the SSB that meets the reference signal receiving power (RSRP) threshold through the measurement results of the SSB and uses the PRACH resources associated with the SSB to send the preamble.

[0044] During the random access process, the main purpose of the terminal device sending a preamble is to inform the network device that there is a random access request. After sending the preamble, the terminal device will monitor the PDCCH within the Random Access Response (RAR) time window (RA Response window) to receive the RAR corresponding to the Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Indentifier (RA-RNTI). The terminal device will detect the RAR after each preamble transmission. If the RAR is not received from the network device within the RAR time window, the terminal device will send the preamble again on the next available PRACH resource, and the power of the preamble will increase by one step. The network device will configure the maximum number of preamble transmissions. When the number of preamble transmissions reaches the maximum number of transmissions and the terminal device still does not receive the RAR, the random access process fails.

[0045] PRACH repetition:

[0046] During the random access process, after the terminal device sends a PRACH, it receives the RAR sent by the network device in the RAR receiving window. When the terminal device does not receive the RAR, it will send the PRACH again (re-transmission) on the next available PRACH resource and increase the power of the PRACH by one step. However, in the case of limited coverage, the terminal device cannot increase the power of the PRACH indefinitely to allow the network device to detect it. In order to improve the coverage performance of PRACH, the repeated transmission of PRACH was introduced in the Release 18 (R18) standard. As shown in Figure 1, the repeated transmission of PRACH corresponds to the same RAR receiving window. The network can combine the repeated transmissions of PRACH to improve the detection performance, thereby improving the coverage of PRACH.

[0047] PRACH power control:

[0048] PRACH power control uses an open-loop power control mechanism. The terminal device sets the PRACH transmit power based on factors such as the expected receive power configured by the network device and the path loss measured by the downlink reference signal. During the random access process, if the terminal device sends PRACH but does not receive the RAR from the network device or does not successfully receive the conflict resolution message, the terminal device needs to retransmit the PRACH. When the terminal device under NR technology supports multiple transmit beams, the transmit beam remains unchanged, and the transmit power of the retransmitted PRACH increases based on the power of the last transmitted PRACH until the random access process is successfully completed.

[0049] The power of PRACH is determined by the following formula: PRACH,f,c (i) = min{P CMAX,f,c (i),P PRACH,target,f,c +PL b,f,c}[dBm].

[0050] Among them, P PRACH,target,f,c is the target received power (PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER) of the PRACH determined by the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, PL b,f,c is the path loss, P CMAX,f,c (i) is the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity.

[0051] PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER=preambleReceivedTargetPower+DELTA_PREAMBLE+(PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER–1)×PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP+POWER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA.

[0052] Among them, preambleReceivedTargetPower is the target received power of PRACH configured by the higher layer.

[0053] FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The communication system includes a terminal device 110 and a network device 120 .

[0054] The terminal device 110 in this application may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, and user device. The terminals include, but are not limited to, handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and Internet of Things devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, laptop computers, desktop computers, televisions, game consoles, mobile Internet devices (MIDs), augmented reality (AR) terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminals, and mixed reality (MR) terminals, wearable devices, handles, electronic tags, controllers, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loops (WLANs), and wireless terminals in industrial control. Loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDA), TV set-top boxes (STB), customer premises equipment (CPE), etc.

[0055] The network device 120 in the present application provides wireless communication functions, and the network device 120 includes but is not limited to: Evolved Node B (eNB), Radio Network Controller (RNC), Node B (NB), Base Station Controller (BSC), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Home Base Station (e.g., Home Evolved Node B, or Home Node B, HNB), Baseband Unit (BBU), Access Point (AP) in Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, Wireless Relay Node, Wireless Backhaul Node, Transmission Point (TP) or Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), etc., and can also be the Next Generation Node B (NGNB) in the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system. B, gNB) or transmission point (TRP or TP), or one or a group of (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (DU), or a base station in a Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) mobile communication system or a sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, or a core network (CN), fronthaul (Fronthaul), backhaul (Backhaul), radio access network (RAN), network slicing, or a serving cell, primary cell (PCell), primary secondary cell (PSCell), special cell (SpCell), secondary cell (SCell), neighboring cell, etc. of a terminal device.

[0056] Terminal device 110 and network device 120 communicate with each other via an air interface technology, such as a Uu interface. For example, there are two communication scenarios between terminal device 110 and network device 120: uplink communication and downlink communication. Uplink communication refers to the transmission of signals from terminal device 110 to network device 120; downlink communication refers to the transmission of signals from network device 120 to terminal device 110.

[0057] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5G mobile communication system, NR system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum) The 5G NR system can be applied to terrestrial communication networks (TN) and non-terrestrial communication networks (NTN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), Wi-Fi, cellular Internet of Things (IoT) systems, and cellular passive IoT systems. It can also be applied to subsequent evolution systems of 5G NR systems, as well as B5G, 6G and subsequent evolution systems.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, "NR" may also be referred to as a 5G NR system or a 5G system. Among them, the 5G mobile communication system may include non-standalone networking (NSA) and / or standalone networking (SA). The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application may also be applied to machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution technology for machine-to-machine communication (LTE-M), device to device (D2D) network, machine to machine (M2M) network, Internet of Things (IoT) network or other networks. Among them, the IoT network may include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles. Among them, the communication methods in the Internet of Vehicles system are collectively referred to as vehicle to other devices (Vehicle to X, V2X, X can represent anything). For example, the V2X may include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) communication or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0059] The terminal device 110 involved in the embodiment of the present application is specifically a passive device. A passive device refers to a device that does not require a power supply or can work by receiving energy from other devices. It can be called a zero-power device, a zero-power terminal, a low-power device, a low-power terminal, etc.; it can also be a device that obtains energy from the environment, which can be called an ambient energy Internet of Things device; it can also be a device deployed at a fixed location, which can be called a zero-power site, a low-power site, etc., or it can be a terminal with a low-power wake-up receiver (Low Power Wake-Up Receiver, LP-WUR) in a cellular system, or it can be a STA with WUR in a WiFi system.

[0060] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG3 , the network device 120 is used to send wireless power supply signals, downlink communication signals, and receive backscattered signals from the zero-power device 140 to the zero-power device 140. The zero-power device 140 is also called an Ambient IoT device or an AMP device, and includes an energy collection module 141, a backscattered communication module 142, and a low-power computing module 143. The energy collection module 141 can collect energy carried by radio waves (wireless signals) in space to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the zero-power device 140 and implement backscattered communication. After obtaining energy, the zero-power device 140 can receive control signaling from the network device 120 and send data to the network device 120 based on the backscattering method according to the control signaling. The transmitted data can come from data stored in the zero-power device 140 itself (such as an identity identifier or pre-written information, such as the production date, brand, manufacturer, etc. of the product). The zero-power device 140 can also include a sensor module 144 and a memory 145. The sensor module 144 can include various sensors, and the zero-power device 140 can report the data collected by various sensors based on the zero-power mechanism. The memory 145 is used to store some basic information (such as item identification, etc.) or obtain sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity. The zero-power device 140 itself does not require a battery, and the low-power computing module 143 can be used to perform simple signal demodulation, decoding or encoding, modulation and other simple calculation tasks. Therefore, the zero-power module only requires a very simple hardware design, making the zero-power device 140 very low cost and small in size.

[0061] The network device 120 includes but is not limited to: cellular network devices, such as 5G / 6G network devices, base station devices; WiFi / WLAN network devices, such as access points (APs), routers, mobile access points, etc., and the mobile access point is, for example, a mobile phone.

[0062] The zero-power device 140 includes but is not limited to: handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices and Internet of Things devices, etc. The zero-power device 140 can be at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a television, a game console, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a virtual reality (VR) terminal and a mixed reality (MR) terminal, a wearable device, a handle, an electronic tag and a controller, etc.

[0063] Next, we will introduce the classification of zero-power devices:

[0064] Based on the energy source and usage of zero-power devices, zero-power devices can be divided into the following types:

[0065] Passive zero-power devices: Zero-power devices do not require internal batteries. When approaching a network device, they are within the near-field radiation generated by the network device's antenna. For example, the network device is a reader / writer in a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. Therefore, the zero-power device's antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the device's low-power chip circuitry. This performs tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating reverse link signals. For backscatter links, the zero-power device can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit signals. Passive zero-power devices do not require internal batteries for either the forward or reverse link, making them truly zero-power devices. Passive zero-power devices do not require batteries, and their RF and baseband circuitry are very simple. For example, they do not require components such as LNAs, PAs, crystal oscillators, and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). They offer numerous advantages, including small size, light weight, very low cost, and a long service life.

[0066] Semi-passive zero-power devices: These devices lack conventional batteries and instead utilize a radio frequency energy harvesting module to harvest radio wave energy. This energy is then stored in an energy storage unit, typically a capacitor. This energy is then used to power the device's low-power chip circuitry, enabling forward link signal demodulation and reverse link signal modulation. For backscatter links, the device can transmit signals using either backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission.

[0067] Semi-passive zero-power devices require no internal batteries for either the forward or reverse link. Instead, the energy stored in the capacitors is harvested by the radio energy harvesting module, making them truly zero-power devices. They inherit many of the advantages of passive zero-power devices, including small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0068] Active zero-power devices: Zero-power devices used in some scenarios can also be active zero-power devices, which can have built-in batteries. The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. It can realize tasks such as demodulation of the forward link signal and modulation of the backward link signal. However, for the backscatter link, the zero-power device can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit signals. Therefore, the zero power consumption of active zero-power devices is mainly reflected in the fact that the signal transmission of the reverse link does not require the consumption of the zero-power device's own power, but uses the backscatter method. In active zero-power devices, the built-in battery supplies power to the RFID chip, increasing the tag's read and write distance and improving communication reliability. Therefore, it can be used in some scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance, reading delay, etc.

[0069] Next, we will introduce the classification of zero-power devices based on transmitter type:

[0070] (1) Zero-power devices based on backscattering;

[0071] These zero-power devices use backscattering, as described above, for uplink data transmission. They lack active transmitters, only backscattering transmitters. Therefore, when these zero-power devices transmit uplink data, they require network equipment to provide a carrier. These zero-power devices use backscattering based on the carrier to achieve uplink data transmission.

[0072] (2) Zero-power devices based on active transmitters;

[0073] These zero-power devices use active transmitters with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending uplink data, these zero-power devices can use their own active transmitters to send uplink data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier. Examples of active transmitters suitable for zero-power devices include ultra-low-power ASK transmitters and ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. Based on current implementations, these transmitters can reduce overall power consumption to 400-600 microwatts when transmitting a 100-microwatt signal.

[0074] (3) Zero-power devices that have both backscatter and active transmitters;

[0075] These zero-power devices can support both backscatter and active transmitters. They can determine whether to use backscatter or active transmitters based on different situations (such as varying battery levels, available ambient energy), or based on network device scheduling.

[0076] Next, let’s introduce the cellular Internet of Things:

[0077] Cellular IoT is booming. 3GPP has standardized IoT technologies such as Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Machine-Type Communications (MTC), and RedCap. However, IoT communication needs in many scenarios remain unmet. For example:

[0078] Harsh communication environments: Certain IoT scenarios may face extreme conditions such as high temperatures, extremely low temperatures, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation, or high-speed motion. Examples include ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, environmental monitoring in high-altitude cold regions, and industrial production lines. In these scenarios, IoT devices will not function due to the operating environment limitations of conventional power supplies. Furthermore, extreme operating environments are not conducive to IoT device maintenance, such as battery replacement.

[0079] · Requirements for extremely small terminal form factors: Certain IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity distribution, and smart wearables, require terminals to be extremely small for ease of use. For example, IoT terminal devices used for commodity management in the distribution process often take the form of electronic tags, embedded in product packaging in a very compact form factor. Another example is lightweight wearable IoT terminal devices that can meet user needs while improving the user experience.

[0080] Extremely low-cost IoT communication requirements: Numerous IoT communication scenarios require IoT terminal devices to be sufficiently inexpensive to enhance their competitiveness compared to alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, to facilitate the management of large quantities of circulating items, IoT terminal devices can be attached to each item. Communication between the IoT terminal device and the logistics network enables precise management of the entire logistics process and lifecycle. These scenarios require IoT terminal devices to be competitively priced.

[0081] Therefore, to address these unmet IoT communication needs, cellular IoT also requires the development of ultra-low-cost, extremely small, battery-free, and maintenance-free IoT devices. Zero-power IoT can precisely meet these needs. Zero-power IoT, also known as Ambient IoT or passive IoT, refers to IoT devices that use various environmental energies, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy, to power themselves. Such devices can have no energy storage capacity or very limited energy storage capacity (such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of microfarads). Compared to existing IoT devices, Ambient IoT devices offer many advantages, including no conventional batteries, no maintenance, small size, low complexity, low cost, and a long lifespan.

[0082] Ambient IoT devices: In NR and Wi-Fi systems, the battery-free and low-cost nature of these devices enables low-cost, large-scale deployment and maintenance-free IoT devices. Currently, standards are exploring how to support ambient IoT devices in NR and Wi-Fi systems. These devices, known as ambient IoT (AMP IoT) devices, operate by harvesting ambient energy from sources such as wireless signals, solar energy, and thermal energy. These devices are similar to passive or semi-passive devices in zero-power communications.

[0083] A research project on Ambient IoT devices has been carried out in the 3GPP RAN. Ambient IoT devices are roughly divided into three types: Device A, Device B, and Device C, each with corresponding complexity and communication capabilities.

[0084] Device A: does not have energy storage capabilities and cannot transmit independent signals, i.e., it uses backscatter transmission.

[0085] Device B: It has energy storage capabilities but cannot transmit independent signals. It uses backscatter transmission to amplify the backscattered signal using stored energy.

[0086] Device C: It has energy storage capabilities and can send independent signals, that is, it has active transmission capabilities.

[0087] Device A has the lowest complexity and power consumption, reaching as low as 1μW. However, its communication range is limited, typically only a few meters. Device A requires a carrier signal from a network device for backscattering transmission. Device C typically has a large capacitor to store energy from the environment, consumes several hundred μW, can support active signal transmission, and has a longer communication range. Because Device C can perform active transmission, it does not require a carrier signal from a network device. Device B's complexity and power consumption are between those of Device A and Device C.

[0088] In addition, zero-power terminals can also support various types of environmental energy harvesting, such as radio frequency, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, etc. Among them, zero-power terminals based on radio frequency energy harvesting may require the network to provide radio frequency power signals.

[0089] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned terminal device may be an active device, and an active device refers to a device that has its own power supply and can actively generate and transmit signals, such as a mobile phone, a computer, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, etc. In the case where the terminal device is an active device, the terminal device mainly relies on battery power when performing a random access process. That is, the terminal device does not need to consider the source of energy when sending PRACH, but only needs to limit the maximum transmission power of the PRACH. In the related art, the cellular network supports the access of zero-power devices. Since the energy of zero-power devices comes from the environment, and zero-power devices have limited energy storage capacity, it may cause PRACH transmission failure during random access. In response to the above problems, a channel transmission method is proposed in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 shows a flowchart of a channel transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a terminal device, and the method includes:

[0090] Step 220: Determine the PRACH transmission method based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0091] The terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may refer to a passive terminal device, or may be referred to as a zero-power device. In some embodiments, the terminal device collects environmental energy for power supply. Optionally, the terminal device has an energy collection module, which is used to collect environmental energy. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG3 , the energy collection module 141 can collect energy carried by radio waves (wireless signals) in space, which is used to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the zero-power device 140 and realize backscatter communication. Taking the energy collection method as radio frequency (RF) energy collection as an example, the terminal device collects radio waves through the RF energy collection module, thereby obtaining radio energy and storing it in the energy storage unit. After the energy storage unit obtains sufficient energy, it can drive the low-power circuit to work for operations such as signal demodulation of the forward link and signal modulation and transmission of the reverse link. In some embodiments, the energy collected by the terminal device is greater than or equal to the energy storage energy. Since energy loss is unavoidable, the energy stored by the terminal device may be less than the energy collected by the terminal device.

[0092] In some embodiments, the energy storage capacity of the terminal device is calculated or detected to determine the amount of energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0093] In some embodiments, determining a PRACH transmission mode based on the stored energy of the terminal device includes at least one of the following:

[0094] Method 1: Determining whether to send PRACH based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device. This includes: determining to send PRACH based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device; or determining not to send PRACH based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0095] Method 2: Determine the transmission resources of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device. Optionally, when it is determined to send the PRACH, the transmission resources for sending the PRACH are determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0096] Method 3: Determine the transmit power of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device. Optionally, when it is determined to transmit the PRACH, the transmit power for transmitting the PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0097] Method 4: Determine the maximum number of PRACH attempts based on the energy storage of the terminal device. Optionally, when it is determined to send the PRACH, the maximum number of attempts for sending the PRACH is determined based on the energy storage of the terminal device.

[0098] To sum up, the method provided in this embodiment determines the PRACH transmission mode based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, so that the terminal device can determine the transmission mode that is adapted to the current energy storage energy among a variety of different transmission modes based on its own energy storage energy, thereby effectively reducing the PRACH transmission failure caused by insufficient energy storage of the terminal device and reducing the energy waste caused by unnecessary PRACH transmission attempts of the terminal device.

[0099] For method 1 (whether to send):

[0100] FIG5 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. This embodiment takes the method executed by a terminal device as an example, and the above step 220 can be replaced by the following sub-steps:

[0101] Step 221: Determine whether to send PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0102] In some embodiments, when a terminal device needs to send a PRACH, it is calculated whether the energy stored in the terminal device satisfies the energy required for sending the PRACH. If the energy stored in the terminal device satisfies the energy required for sending the PRACH, it is determined to send the PRACH; and / or if the energy stored in the terminal device does not satisfy the energy required for sending the PRACH, it is determined not to send the PRACH.

[0103] For sending PRACH:

[0104] In some embodiments, the determination to send PRACH is based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0105] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, it is determined to send PRACH. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 6, the energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH is E1, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to E1, it is determined to send PRACH. The method provided in this embodiment can determine, based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, that PRACH is sent when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is sufficient, thereby ensuring the success rate of sending PRACH.

[0106] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device satisfies a first sum value, it is determined to send PRACH. The first sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 6, the energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH is E1, and the energy required for detecting RAR is E2, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E1 and E2, it is determined to send PRACH. The method provided in this embodiment can determine, based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, that PRACH is sent when the energy storage energy of the terminal device can simultaneously meet the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR, thereby ensuring that the terminal device has sufficient energy storage to send PRACH and detect RAR.

[0107] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the second sum value, it is determined to send PRACH. The second sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 6, the energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH is E1, the energy required for detecting RAR is E2, and the energy required for receiving RAR is E3. Then, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E1, E2, and E3, it is determined to send PRACH. The method provided in this embodiment can determine, based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, that PRACH is sent when the energy storage energy of the terminal device can simultaneously meet the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR, thereby ensuring that the terminal device has sufficient energy storage to send PRACH, detect RAR, and receive RAR.

[0108] For not sending PRACH:

[0109] In some embodiments, based on the stored energy of the terminal device, it is determined not to send PRACH.

[0110] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the energy requirements for PRACH transmission, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for PRACH transmission. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 6, the energy required to be consumed when the terminal device transmits PRACH is E1, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is less than E1, it is determined not to send PRACH. The method provided in this embodiment can determine not to send PRACH based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is insufficient, thereby avoiding the terminal device from making unnecessary PRACH transmission attempts when the energy storage is insufficient, resulting in energy waste.

[0111] Optionally, when the stored energy of the terminal device does not meet the first sum value, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the terminal device meets the first sum value. The first sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 6, the energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH is E1, and the energy required for detecting RAR is E2. Then, when the stored energy of the terminal device is less than the sum of E1 and E2, it is determined not to send PRACH. The method provided in this embodiment can determine, based on the stored energy of the terminal device, that PRACH is not sent when the stored energy of the terminal device cannot simultaneously meet the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR, thereby avoiding the terminal device from having insufficient energy to detect RAR after sending PRACH, or when the stored energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR, it cannot meet the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, and can further reduce the possibility of energy waste.

[0112] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the second sum value, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the second sum value. The second sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 6, the energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH is E1, the energy required for detecting RAR is E2, and the energy required for receiving RAR is E3. Then, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is less than the sum of E1, E2, and E3, it is determined not to send PRACH. The method provided in this embodiment can determine, based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, that PRACH will not be sent when the energy storage energy of the terminal device cannot simultaneously meet the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR, thereby avoiding erroneous attempts by the terminal device and further reducing the possibility of energy waste.

[0113] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for the PRACH transmission includes any one of the following:

[0114] The first one is the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission.

[0115] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, it is determined to send PRACH. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG7 , the energy required to be consumed by the terminal device when transmitting PRACH for the first time is E4, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to E4, it is determined to send PRACH. The energy required to be consumed by the terminal device when transmitting PRACH for the second time is E6, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to E6, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0116] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission and meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 7, the energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH for the first time is E4, and the energy required for the first RAR detection is E5. Then, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E4 and E5, it is determined to send PRACH. The energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH for the second time is E6, and the energy required for the second RAR detection is E7. Then, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E6 and E7, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0117] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and meets the energy requirement of receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the terminal device receives RAR when transmitting PRACH for the third time. The energy required for the terminal device to transmit PRACH for the third time is E8, the energy required for detecting RAR for the third time is E9, and the energy required for receiving RAR is E10. Then, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E8, E9 and E10, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0118] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission and the energy requirement of detecting RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission and the energy requirement of detecting RAR. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and the energy requirement of receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and the energy requirement of receiving RAR.

[0119] It should be understood that the above process is based on each time the terminal device sends PRACH. After the terminal device sends PRACH for the xth time, it calculates whether the remaining energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for the x+1th time of sending PRACH. If the energy requirements for the x+1th time of sending PRACH are met, PRACH is sent; if the energy requirements for the x+1th time of sending PRACH are not met, energy collection is performed so that the energy storage energy at least meets the energy requirements for the x+1th time of sending PRACH. The value of x is a positive integer. The method provided in this embodiment can determine whether to send PRACH by judging whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements of a single PRACH transmission, so that the terminal device can reasonably determine whether to send PRACH or not based on its own energy storage energy, thereby effectively avoiding the terminal device from wasting energy trying to send PRACH when the energy storage energy is insufficient.

[0120] The second type: energy requirements for PRACH repeated transmissions;

[0121] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated transmission of PRACH, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated transmission of PRACH n times, it is determined to send PRACH, and the value of n is a positive integer. Optionally, n is pre-set. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 8, assuming n=4, the energy required to be consumed by the terminal device for the first repeated transmission of PRACH is E11, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to E11, it is determined to send PRACH. The energy required to be consumed by the terminal device for the second repeated transmission of PRACH is E13, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to E136, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0122] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated transmission of PRACH and meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated transmission of PRACH n times and meets the energy requirement of repeated transmission detection RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. In some embodiments, for repeated transmission, only one RAR may be detected, or multiple RARs may be detected, or n RARs may be detected, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The embodiment of the present application takes the detection of RAR once as an example. For example, as shown in Figure 8, assuming n=4, the energy required to consume for the first repeated transmission of PRACH by the terminal device is E11, and the energy required to consume for the first repeated transmission detection of RAR is E12, then when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E11 and E12, it is determined to send PRACH. The energy required for the terminal device to repeatedly transmit PRACH for the second time is E13, and the energy required for the second repeated transmission to detect RAR is E14. When the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E13 and E14, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0123] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission, meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and meets the energy requirement of receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission n times, meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and meets the energy requirement of receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 8, assuming n=4, the terminal device receives RAR when repeating PRACH for the third time. The energy required for the terminal device to repeatedly transmit PRACH for the third time is E15, the energy required to detect RAR for the third time is E16, and the energy required to receive RAR is E17. Then, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is greater than or equal to the sum of E15, E16 and E17, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0124] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission and the energy requirement of detecting RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission and the energy requirement of detecting RAR. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission, the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and the energy requirement of receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission, the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and the energy requirement of receiving RAR.

[0125] It should be understood that the above process is based on the unit of n repeated transmissions of PRACH by the terminal device. After the terminal device repeats PRACH for the yth time, the remaining energy storage energy of the terminal device is calculated to see whether it meets the energy requirement of the y+1th repeated transmission of PRACH. If the energy requirement of the y+1th repeated transmission of PRACH is met, PRACH is sent; if the energy requirement of the y+1th repeated transmission of PRACH is not met, energy collection is performed so that the energy storage energy at least meets the energy requirement of the y+1th repeated transmission of PRACH. The method provided in this embodiment can determine whether to send PRACH by judging whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of repeated transmission of PRACH, so that the terminal device can reasonably determine whether to send PRACH or not based on its own energy storage energy, thereby effectively avoiding the terminal device from wasting energy trying to send PRACH when the energy storage energy is insufficient.

[0126] In some embodiments, at least two PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set used for repeated PRACH transmission are not necessarily continuous in the time domain, and the terminal device can perform energy harvesting between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. Therefore, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is less than the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission, the terminal device may also determine to send PRACH. Based on this, the above method further includes: when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, determining to send PRACH.

[0127] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and the first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and the first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0128] Optionally, if the stored energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and a first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and meets the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, if the stored energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and a first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and a second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, if the stored energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and a first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and meets the energy requirement for receiving RAR and a third ratio, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, if the stored energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving RAR and a third ratio, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0129] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the product of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio.

[0130] Optionally, in the case that the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH sending opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR. Optionally, in the case that the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH sending opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the product of the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the product of the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the terminal device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio.

[0131] In some embodiments, the first ratio is predefined. For example, if the terminal device's energy storage capacity exceeds 80% of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission, then the first ratio is 80%. In some embodiments, the first ratio is determined based on parameters indicated by the network device. In some embodiments, the first ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. Optionally, the first ratio is inversely correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. The larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set, the smaller the first ratio; the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set, the larger the first ratio. In some embodiments, the second ratio is predefined or determined based on parameters indicated by the network device. In some embodiments, the second ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. In some embodiments, the third ratio is predefined or determined based on parameters indicated by the network device. In some embodiments, the third ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set.

[0132] The method provided in this embodiment can determine whether to send PRACH by judging whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio. This enables the terminal device to reasonably determine whether to send PRACH or not based on its own energy storage energy, thereby effectively avoiding the terminal device wasting energy attempting to send PRACH when the energy storage energy is insufficient. At the same time, the method provided in this embodiment can dynamically control the impact of repeated PRACH transmission on whether to send PRACH through the first ratio, which can reduce the waiting time of the terminal device and effectively improve the working efficiency of the terminal device.

[0133] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for the PRACH transmission is determined based on the transmit power of the PRACH. Optionally, the transmit power of the PRACH is determined based on at least one of the following: target received power; path loss; and power offset.

[0134] The target receive power is configured by the network equipment. The path loss is obtained by the terminal device after measuring the downlink signal. The power offset is configured by the higher layer and is based on the format of the random access preamble.

[0135] For method 2 (transmission resources):

[0136] FIG9 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a terminal device, and the above step 220 can be replaced by the following sub-steps:

[0137] Step 222: Determine the PRACH transmission resources based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0138] In some embodiments, based on the energy storage of the terminal device, the PRACH resource used this time is selected from at least two PRACH resources. The PRACH resource used this time is used for a single PRACH transmission. In some embodiments, based on the energy storage of the terminal device, the PRACH resource set used this time is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets. Each PRACH resource set includes at least two PRACH resources. Optionally, the PRACH resource set used this time includes a target PRACH resource, which is used for a single PRACH transmission. Optionally, the PRACH resource set used this time includes a target PRACH resource set, which is used for repeated PRACH transmission. The number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used this time is greater than or equal to the number of PRACH resources required for repeated PRACH transmission. That is, the number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used this time is greater than or equal to the number of PRACH resources in the target PRACH resource set.

[0139] In some embodiments, the configurations of at least two PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. For example, the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. Optionally, the energy storage energy of the terminal device is negatively correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used this time. The greater the energy storage energy of the terminal device, the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set selected for use this time; the smaller the energy storage energy of the terminal device, the larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set selected for use this time.

[0140] In some embodiments, when the stored energy of the terminal device is greater than a first threshold, a first PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time; and when the stored energy of the terminal device is less than a second threshold, a second PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time. The first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first PRACH resource set is the first time interval, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the second PRACH resource set is the second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0141] In some embodiments, when the stored energy of the terminal device is greater than a first threshold, a first PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time; when the stored energy of the terminal device is less than a second threshold, a second PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time. The first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the first PRACH resource set includes at least two PRACH resource subsets, the second PRACH resource set includes at least two PRACH resource subsets, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resource subsets in the first PRACH resource set is a first time interval, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resource subsets in the second PRACH resource set is a second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0142] In some embodiments, when the stored energy of the terminal device is greater than a first threshold, a first PRACH resource subset is selected from the target PRACH resource set as the PRACH resource set used this time; and when the stored energy of the terminal device is less than a second threshold, a second PRACH resource subset is selected from the target PRACH resource set as the PRACH resource set used this time. The first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first PRACH resource subset is the first time interval, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the second PRACH resource subset is the second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0143] The method provided in this embodiment is based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device and the configuration of at least two PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set, so that the PRACH transmission resources can be dynamically determined according to the actual energy storage situation of the terminal device. When the energy storage capacity of the terminal device is large, the terminal device does not need to wait for energy collection, and therefore can select a PRACH resource set with a smaller time interval between adjacent PRACH resources; and when the energy storage capacity of the terminal device is small, a PRACH resource set with a larger time interval between adjacent PRACH resources can be selected, so that the terminal device can collect sufficient energy within a larger time interval, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of the terminal device.

[0144] In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used this time includes a second number of PRACH resources, the second number is greater than the first number, and the first number is the number of transmission times of repeated PRACH transmissions. The above method also includes: selecting the first number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used this time.

[0145] In some embodiments, the energy storage energy of the terminal device is negatively correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first number of PRACH resources. The greater the energy storage energy of the terminal device, the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the selected first number of PRACH resources; the smaller the energy storage energy of the terminal device, the larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the selected first number of PRACH resources. It is worth noting that the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources may be the same or different. In the embodiment of the present application, the example of the same time interval between adjacent PRACH resources is used for illustration. Optionally, in the case where the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources are different, the energy storage energy of the terminal device is negatively correlated with the average value of the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources in the first number of PRACH resources.

[0146] The method provided in this embodiment can select PRACH resources that are suitable for the number of PRACH repeated transmissions in the PRACH resource set used this time according to the number of PRACH repeated transmissions. The terminal device can use an accurate number of PRACH resources to avoid waste of resources and is conducive to improving the success rate of PRACH transmission by the terminal device.

[0147] In some embodiments, there are different random access preambles in the PRACH resource set used this time. Different random access preambles are associated with different energy storage energies. Optionally, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between different random access preambles and different energy storage energies. For example, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0148] Table 1

[0149] In some embodiments, different random access preamble codes correspond to different energy storage energy intervals. For example, as shown in Table 2 below:

[0150] Table 2

[0151] Each energy storage energy interval includes at least two energy storage energy values, for example, energy storage energy interval 1 includes energy storage energy 1 to energy storage energy 10.

[0152] In some embodiments, the method further includes: selecting a first random access preamble in the currently used PRACH resource set. The first random access preamble is associated with the stored energy. For example, if the current stored energy of the terminal device is stored energy 1, the first random access preamble selected is random access preamble 1.

[0153] The method provided in this embodiment can select a first random access preamble code that is adapted to the current stored energy from multiple random access preamble codes based on the association between different random access preamble codes and different stored energy energies, thereby helping to improve the success rate of PRACH transmission by the terminal device through accurate random access preamble codes.

[0154] In some embodiments, different PRACH resources in the currently used PRACH resource set belong to different PRACH opportunities. Each PRACH opportunity corresponds to a receiving time window of an RAR. The above method further includes: selecting a PRACH resource belonging to the first PRACH opportunity in the currently used PRACH resource set.

[0155] Optionally, the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the stored energy. The start-up delay refers to the time from the first moment when the PRACH transmission is completed to the second moment when the RAR detection begins. Optionally, the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is negatively correlated with the stored energy. The greater the stored energy of the terminal device, the smaller the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity; the smaller the stored energy of the terminal device, the larger the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity. That is, when the stored energy of the terminal device is sufficient, the first PRACH opportunity with a smaller start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window is selected; and when the stored energy of the terminal device is insufficient, the first PRACH opportunity with a larger start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window can be selected so that the terminal device has sufficient time to collect energy and ensure the next PRACH transmission.

[0156] In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the start delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity. For example, as shown in the following Table 3:

[0157] Table 3

[0158] In some embodiments, different startup delays correspond to different energy storage energy ranges. For example, as shown in Table 4 below:

[0159] Table 4

[0160] Each energy storage energy interval includes at least two energy storage energy values, for example, energy storage energy interval 1 includes energy storage energy 1 to energy storage energy 10.

[0161] Optionally, the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the stored energy. This window size can also be understood as the time length corresponding to the receive time window, which refers to the time length from the start of RAR detection to the end of RAR detection. Optionally, the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is negatively correlated with the stored energy. The greater the stored energy of the terminal device, the smaller the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity; and the smaller the stored energy of the terminal device, the larger the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity. That is, if the terminal device has sufficient stored energy, the first PRACH opportunity with a smaller RAR receive time window size is selected. If the terminal device has insufficient stored energy, the first PRACH opportunity with a larger RAR receive time window size can be selected, allowing the terminal device sufficient time to collect energy and ensure the next PRACH transmission.

[0162] In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the window size of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity. For example, as shown in the following Table 5:

[0163] Table 5

[0164] In some embodiments, different window sizes correspond to different energy storage energy intervals. For example, as shown in Table 6 below:

[0165] Table 6

[0166] Each energy storage energy interval includes at least two energy storage energy values, for example, energy storage energy interval 1 includes energy storage energy 1 to energy storage energy 10.

[0167] The method provided in this embodiment selects the PRACH resources of the first PRACH opportunity that is adapted to the energy storage capacity of the terminal device, so that the transmission resources of the PRACH actually used can be dynamically determined according to the actual energy storage capacity of the terminal device. This can not only reduce the waste of resources caused by erroneous attempts of the terminal device, but also help improve the working efficiency of the terminal device.

[0168] For method three (transmitting power):

[0169] FIG10 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a terminal device, and the above step 220 can be replaced by the following sub-steps:

[0170] Step 223: Determine the transmit power of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0171] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the PRACH for the i-th transmission opportunity is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device. Where i is a positive integer. Optionally, the transmit power of the PRACH for the i-th transmission opportunity is the minimum of: the target transmit power; the power corresponding to the stored energy of the terminal device; and the maximum output power of the terminal device for the i-th transmission opportunity.

[0172] The target transmit power is determined based on at least one of the target receive power, path loss, and power offset. The target receive power is configured by the network equipment. The path loss is obtained by the terminal device after measuring the downlink signal. The power offset is configured by higher layers and is based on the format of the random access preamble.

[0173] Exemplarily, the target transmit power is calculated as follows: Among them, P PRACH,target represents the target received power, and PL represents the path loss.

[0174] In some embodiments, the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity depends on the category of the terminal device and is generally considered to be 23dBm. CMAX (i) = 23dBm.

[0175] In some embodiments, the power corresponding to the energy storage energy of the terminal device is equal to the quotient of the energy storage energy of the terminal device and the PRACH transmission duration.

[0176] Exemplarily, the calculation formula for the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is: in, is the target transmit power of PRACH, P S(i) is the power corresponding to the energy storage of the terminal equipment, P CMAX (i) is the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity.

[0177] It should be understood that the above-mentioned target transmission power and the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity are fixed powers, so the transmission power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is actually limited by the power corresponding to the energy storage energy of the terminal device. When the energy storage energy of the terminal device is small, it may not be possible to send PRACH at the target transmission power, and / or it may not be possible to send PRACH at the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity. When the energy storage energy of the terminal device is large, one of the above three can be arbitrarily selected as the transmission power of PRACH at the i-th transmission opportunity. The method provided in this embodiment determines the transmission power of PRACH based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, so that according to the actual energy storage situation of the terminal device, it can ensure that the terminal device can send PRACH at an appropriate transmission power, thereby improving the success rate of the terminal device sending PRACH.

[0178] For method 4 (maximum number of attempts):

[0179] FIG11 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a terminal device, and the above step 220 can be replaced by the following sub-steps:

[0180] Step 224: Determine the maximum number of PRACH attempts based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0181] In some embodiments, the energy stored in the terminal device can support one or more random access attempts, and the energy stored in the terminal device will be consumed during the attempts. Therefore, although the network device may configure a maximum number of attempts, due to the random nature of the energy stored in the terminal device, if the energy stored in the terminal device is insufficient to support another attempt, the terminal device needs to terminate the attempt. Therefore, the maximum number of PRACH attempts will be affected by the energy stored in the terminal device.

[0182] In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be the number of attempts supported by the energy storage of the terminal device. For example, assuming that the number of attempts supported by the energy storage of the terminal device is 2, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be 2. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG12 , it is assumed that the energy storage of the terminal device is the sum of E18, E19, and E20. Where E18 is the energy required for the first attempt, E19 is the energy required for the second attempt, and E20 is less than the energy required for the third attempt, then the terminal device determines that the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is 2. That is, after the second attempt, the terminal device will stop trying and retry energy collection.

[0183] In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be the minimum value between the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device and the number of attempts supported by the energy storage energy of the terminal device. Optionally, when the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device is less than the number of attempts supported by the energy storage energy of the terminal device, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device. Optionally, when the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device is greater than or equal to the number of attempts supported by the energy storage energy of the terminal device, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be the number of attempts supported by the energy storage energy of the terminal device.

[0184] The method provided in this embodiment determines the maximum number of PRACH attempts based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device, so that according to the actual energy storage situation of the terminal device, it can ensure that the terminal device will not attempt to send PRACH when the energy storage capacity is insufficient. This can avoid the waste of the energy storage capacity of the terminal device and improve the success rate of the terminal device in sending PRACH.

[0185] It is worth noting that the above steps 221, 222, 223 and 224 can be implemented individually or in combination, and this application does not limit this.

[0186] FIG13 shows a flow chart of a channel transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method is executed by a network device and includes:

[0187] Step 320: Receive PRACH.

[0188] In some embodiments, the PRACH transmission mode is determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device. It should be noted that the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application can refer to a passive terminal device or a zero-power device. In some embodiments, the terminal device collects environmental energy for power. Optionally, the terminal device has an energy collection module, which is used to collect environmental energy. For example, as shown in Figure 3, the energy collection module 141 can collect energy carried by radio waves (wireless signals) in space to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the zero-power device 140 and implement backscatter communication. Taking RF energy collection as an example, the terminal device collects radio waves through the RF energy collection module to obtain radio energy and store it in the energy storage unit. After the energy storage unit obtains sufficient energy, it can drive the low-power circuit to operate for operations such as forward link signal demodulation and reverse link signal modulation and transmission. In some embodiments, the energy collected by the terminal device is greater than or equal to the stored energy. Since energy loss is inevitable, the energy stored by the terminal device may be less than the energy collected by the terminal device.

[0189] In some embodiments, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for PRACH transmission. In some embodiments, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets a first sum value. The first sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR. In some embodiments, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets a second sum value. The second sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR.

[0190] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for the PRACH transmission includes any one of the following:

[0191] The first one is the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission.

[0192] Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single transmission of PRACH. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single transmission of PRACH and meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single transmission of PRACH and meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR and meets the energy requirement of receiving RAR.

[0193] The second type: energy requirements for PRACH repeated transmissions;

[0194] Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for repeated transmission of the PRACH. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for repeated transmission of the PRACH and meets the energy requirements for detecting RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for repeated transmission of the PRACH and meets the energy requirements for detecting RAR and meets the energy requirements for receiving RAR.

[0195] In some embodiments, at least two PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used for PRACH repeated transmission are not necessarily continuous in the time domain, and the terminal device can perform energy collection between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. Therefore, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is less than the energy requirement of PRACH repeated transmission, the terminal device can also determine to send PRACH. Based on this, the PRACH received by the above-mentioned network device can be sent when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement of PRACH repeated transmission and the first ratio.

[0196] Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and a first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and a first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and a second ratio. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and a first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and a second ratio.

[0197] Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and the first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and the first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR and the second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and the first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR and the second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR and the third ratio. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and the first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR and the third ratio.

[0198] In some embodiments, the first ratio is predefined, or the first ratio is determined based on a parameter indicated by a network device. In some embodiments, the first ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set. Optionally, the first ratio is negatively correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set. The larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set, the smaller the first ratio; the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set, the larger the first ratio. In some embodiments, the second ratio is predefined, or the second ratio is determined based on a parameter indicated by a network device. In some embodiments, the second ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set. In some embodiments, the third ratio is predefined, or the third ratio is determined based on a parameter indicated by a network device. In some embodiments, the third ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set.

[0199] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for PRACH transmission is determined based on the PRACH transmit power. Optionally, the PRACH transmit power is determined based on at least one of the following: target receive power; path loss; or power offset. The target receive power is configured by the network equipment. The path loss is obtained by the terminal equipment after measuring the downlink signal. The power offset is configured by a higher layer and is configured based on the format of the random access preamble.

[0200] In some embodiments, the method further includes: sending a target received power, where the target received power is used to indicate the transmit power of the PRACH of the terminal device.

[0201] In some embodiments, the transmission resources of the received PRACH are determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the PRACH resources used by the received PRACH are determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0202] Optionally, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes a target PRACH resource, which is a PRACH resource used by the terminal device to perform a single PRACH transmission. Optionally, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes a target PRACH resource set, which is a PRACH resource set used by the terminal device to perform repeated PRACH transmission. The number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is greater than or equal to the number of PRACH resources required for repeated PRACH transmission.

[0203] In some embodiments, the configurations of at least two PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. For example, the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. Optionally, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is negatively correlated with the energy storage energy of the terminal device. The greater the energy storage energy of the terminal device that sends PRACH, the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH; the smaller the energy storage energy of the terminal device that sends PRACH, the larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH.

[0204] In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is a first PRACH resource set or a second PRACH resource set. The time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first PRACH resource set is a first time interval, and the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the second PRACH resource set is a second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval. The energy storage energy of the terminal device corresponding to the first PRACH resource set is greater than a first threshold, and the energy storage energy of the terminal device corresponding to the second PRACH resource set is greater than a second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0205] In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes a second number of PRACH resources, the second number is greater than the first number, and the first number is the number of transmission times of repeated PRACH transmissions.

[0206] In some embodiments, different random access preambles are present in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH. Different random access preambles are associated with different energy storage energies. Optionally, a one-to-one mapping relationship exists between different random access preambles and different energy storage energies. For example, as shown in Table 1 or Table 2 above.

[0207] In some embodiments, different PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH belong to different PRACH opportunities. Each PRACH opportunity corresponds to a receiving time window of an RAR. In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes PRACH resources belonging to the first PRACH opportunity.

[0208] Optionally, the start delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the energy storage capacity. The start delay refers to the time from the first moment when the PRACH transmission is completed to the second moment when the RAR detection begins. In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the start delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity. For example, as shown in Table 3 or Table 4 above.

[0209] Optionally, the window size of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the energy storage capacity. The window size can also be understood as the time length corresponding to the receiving time window, which refers to the time length from the start of RAR detection to the end of RAR detection. In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the window size of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity. For example, as shown in Table 5 or Table 6 above.

[0210] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the received PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0211] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity in the received PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device. Wherein, the value of i is a positive integer. Optionally, the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is the minimum of the following three: the target transmit power; the power corresponding to the stored energy of the terminal device; the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity. Wherein, the target transmit power is determined based on at least one of the target receive power, the path loss and the power bias. The target receive power is configured by the network device. The path loss is obtained after the terminal device measures the downlink signal. The power bias is configured by the high layer and is configured according to the format of the random access preamble code.

[0212] Exemplarily, the target transmit power is calculated as follows: Among them, P PRACH,target represents the target received power, and PL represents the path loss.

[0213] Exemplarily, the calculation formula for the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is: in, is the target transmit power of PRACH, P S (i) is the power corresponding to the energy storage of the terminal equipment, P CMAX (i) is the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity.

[0214] In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts to receive a PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0215] In some embodiments, the energy stored in the terminal device can support one or more random access attempts, and the energy stored in the terminal device will be consumed during the attempts. Therefore, although the network device may configure a maximum number of attempts, due to the random nature of the energy stored in the terminal device, if the energy stored in the terminal device is insufficient to support another attempt, the terminal device needs to terminate the attempt. Therefore, the maximum number of PRACH attempts will be affected by the energy stored in the terminal device.

[0216] In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts for a received PRACH is the number of attempts supported by the stored energy of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts for a received PRACH is the minimum of the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device and the number of attempts supported by the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0217] In some embodiments, the above method further includes: sending a configured maximum number of attempts.

[0218] FIG14 shows a block diagram of a channel transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The device includes:

[0219] Determination module 1410 is configured to determine a PRACH transmission mode based on the energy storage capacity of the device. It should be noted that the device in the embodiments of the present application specifically refers to a zero-power device. In some embodiments, the device is powered by collecting ambient energy. Optionally, the device includes an energy collection module configured to collect ambient energy.

[0220] The determination module 1410 is further configured to calculate or detect the energy storage capacity of the device to determine the amount of energy storage capacity of the device.

[0221] The determination module 1410 is further configured to determine whether to send a PRACH based on the energy storage of the device, including: determining to send a PRACH based on the energy storage of the device; or determining not to send a PRACH based on the energy storage of the device.

[0222] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0223] The calculation module is used to calculate whether the energy storage energy of the device meets the energy required for sending PRACH when the device needs to send PRACH.

[0224] The determination module 1410 is further configured to determine to send PRACH when the stored energy of the device satisfies the energy required for sending PRACH; and / or determine not to send PRACH when the stored energy of the device does not meet the energy required for sending PRACH.

[0225] In some embodiments, the determination to transmit the PRACH is based on the energy storage capacity of the device.

[0226] Optionally, if the stored energy of the device meets the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, it is determined to send PRACH. For example, as shown in FIG6 , if the energy consumed by the device when transmitting PRACH is E1, it is determined to send PRACH when the stored energy of the device is greater than or equal to E1.

[0227] Optionally, if the device's stored energy meets a first sum, a determination is made to transmit the PRACH. The first sum is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for RAR detection. For example, as shown in FIG6 , if the device consumes E1 when transmitting the PRACH and E2 when detecting the RAR, the determination is made to transmit the PRACH when the device's stored energy is greater than or equal to the sum of E1 and E2.

[0228] Optionally, when the stored energy of the device satisfies a second sum, a determination is made to transmit the PRACH. The second sum is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting the RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving the RAR. For example, as shown in FIG6 , the energy required for the device to transmit the PRACH is E1, the energy required for detecting the RAR is E2, and the energy required for receiving the RAR is E3. If the stored energy of the device is greater than or equal to the sum of E1, E2, and E3, a determination is made to transmit the PRACH.

[0229] For not sending PRACH:

[0230] In some embodiments, a determination is made not to transmit the PRACH based on a stored energy level of the device.

[0231] Optionally, if the device's stored energy does not meet the energy requirements for PRACH transmission, it is determined not to send PRACH, and the next PRACH transmission opportunity is awaited, and the device's stored energy is repeatedly determined to meet the energy requirements for PRACH transmission. For example, as shown in FIG6 , if the energy required to transmit PRACH is E1, then if the device's stored energy is less than E1, it is determined not to transmit PRACH.

[0232] Optionally, if the device's stored energy meets the first sum, it is determined not to transmit the PRACH, and the next PRACH transmission opportunity is awaited, whereupon the determination is repeated as to whether the device's stored energy meets the first sum. The first sum is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for RAR detection. For example, as shown in FIG6 , the energy required for PRACH transmission by the device is E1, and the energy required for RAR detection is E2. If the device's stored energy is greater than or equal to E1 but less than the sum of E1 and E2, it is determined not to transmit the PRACH.

[0233] Optionally, when the energy storage of the device does not meet the second sum value, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage of the device meets the energy requirements for PRACH transmission, the energy requirements for detecting RAR, and the energy requirements for receiving RAR. The second sum value is the sum of the energy requirements for PRACH transmission, the energy requirements for detecting RAR, and the energy requirements for receiving RAR. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 6, the energy required to consume when the device transmits PRACH is E1, the energy required to consume when detecting RAR is E2, and the energy required to consume when receiving RAR is E3. Then, when the energy storage of the device is greater than or equal to the sum of E1 and E2, but less than the sum of E1, E2, and E3, it is determined not to send PRACH.

[0234] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for the PRACH transmission includes any one of the following:

[0235] The first one is the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission.

[0236] In some embodiments, if the device's stored energy meets the energy requirement for a single PRACH transmission, it is determined to transmit the PRACH. For example, as shown in FIG7 , if the energy required for the device to transmit the PRACH for the first time is E4, then if the device's stored energy is greater than or equal to E4, it is determined to transmit the PRACH. If the energy required for the device to transmit the PRACH for the second time is E6, then if the device's stored energy is greater than or equal to E6, it is determined to transmit the PRACH.

[0237] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the device meets the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission and meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the energy required for the device to transmit PRACH for the first time is E4, and the energy required for the first RAR detection is E5. Then, when the energy storage energy of the device is greater than or equal to the sum of E4 and E5, it is determined to send PRACH. When the energy storage energy of the device is greater than or equal to the sum of E6 and E7, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0238] Optionally, when the stored energy of the device meets the energy requirement for a single PRACH transmission, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR, it is determined to send the PRACH. For example, as shown in FIG7 , the device receives the RAR when transmitting the PRACH for the third time. The energy required for the device to transmit the PRACH for the third time is E8, the energy required for detecting the RAR for the third time is E9, and the energy required for receiving the RAR is E10. If the stored energy of the device is greater than or equal to the sum of E8, E9, and E10, it is determined to send the PRACH.

[0239] In some embodiments, if the stored energy of the device does not meet the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the device meets the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission. Optionally, if the stored energy of the device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission and the energy requirement of detecting RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the device meets the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission and the energy requirement of detecting RAR. Optionally, if the stored energy of the device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and the energy requirement of receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the device meets the sum of the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission, the energy requirement of detecting RAR, and the energy requirement of receiving RAR.

[0240] The second type: energy requirements for PRACH repeated transmissions;

[0241] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the device meets the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the device meets the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH n times, it is determined to send PRACH, where n is a positive integer. Optionally, n is pre-set. For example, as shown in Figure 8, assuming n=4, the energy required to be consumed by the device for the first repeated transmission of PRACH is E11, then when the energy storage energy of the device is greater than or equal to E11, it is determined to send PRACH. The energy required to be consumed by the device for the second repeated transmission of PRACH is E13, then when the energy storage energy of the device is greater than or equal to E136, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0242] Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the device meets the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the device meets the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission n times and the energy requirement for repeated transmission detection RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. For example, as shown in Figure 8, assuming n=4, the energy required for the device to repeatedly transmit PRACH for the first time is E11, and the energy required for the first repeated transmission detection RAR is E12, then when the energy storage energy of the device is greater than or equal to the sum of E11 and E12, it is determined to send PRACH. The energy required for the device to repeatedly transmit PRACH for the second time is E13, and the energy required for the second repeated transmission detection RAR is E14, then when the energy storage energy of the device is greater than or equal to the sum of E13 and E14, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0243] Optionally, if the device's stored energy meets the energy requirements for repeated PRACH transmission, meets the energy requirements for detecting the RAR, and meets the energy requirements for receiving the RAR, it is determined to transmit the PRACH. Optionally, if the device's stored energy meets the energy requirements for repeated PRACH transmission n times, meets the energy requirements for detecting the RAR, and meets the energy requirements for receiving the RAR, it is determined to transmit the PRACH. In some embodiments, for repeated transmissions, only one RAR may be detected, or multiple RARs may be detected, or n RARs may be detected, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. This embodiment of the present application uses the example of detecting a single RAR. For example, as shown in FIG8 , assuming n=4, the device receives a RAR during the third repeated PRACH transmission. The energy required for the device to repeatedly transmit the PRACH for the third time is E15, the energy required for detecting the RAR for the third time is E16, and the energy required for receiving the RAR is E17. Then, if the device's stored energy is greater than or equal to the sum of E15, E16, and E17, it is determined to transmit the PRACH.

[0244] In some embodiments, if the stored energy of the device does not meet the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the device meets the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission. Optionally, if the stored energy of the device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the device meets the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR. Optionally, if the stored energy of the device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the device meets the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR.

[0245] In some embodiments, at least two PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set used for repeated PRACH transmissions are not necessarily contiguous in the time domain. A device may harvest energy between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. Therefore, even if the device's stored energy is less than the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmissions, the device may still determine to transmit a PRACH.

[0246] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the device satisfies the product of the energy requirement of repeated transmission of the PRACH and the first ratio, it is determined to send the PRACH.

[0247] Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and a first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and a second ratio, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and meets the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined to send PRACH. Optionally, when the energy storage energy of the device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of PRACH and the first ratio, meets the product of the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and meets the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio, it is determined to send PRACH.

[0248] In some embodiments, when the energy storage energy of the device does not meet the product of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the device meets the product of the energy requirement of repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio.

[0249] Optionally, in the case where the energy storage energy of the device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR. Optionally, in the case where the energy storage energy of the device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly judge whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio and the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio.

[0250] Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the device meets the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device does not meet the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the product of the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the product of the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the second ratio, and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio. Optionally, if the energy storage energy of the device does not meet the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio, it is determined not to send PRACH, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity, and repeatedly determine whether the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the sum of the product of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission and the first ratio, the energy requirement for detecting RAR and the product of the energy requirement for receiving RAR and the third ratio.

[0251] In some embodiments, the first ratio is predefined. For example, if the terminal device's energy storage capacity exceeds 80% of the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission, then the first ratio is 80%. In some embodiments, the first ratio is determined based on parameters indicated by the network device. In some embodiments, the first ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. Optionally, the first ratio is inversely correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. The larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set, the smaller the first ratio; the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set, the larger the first ratio. In some embodiments, the second ratio is predefined or determined based on parameters indicated by the network device. In some embodiments, the second ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. In some embodiments, the third ratio is predefined or determined based on parameters indicated by the network device. In some embodiments, the third ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set.

[0252] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for PRACH transmission is determined based on the PRACH transmit power. Optionally, the PRACH transmit power is determined based on at least one of the following: target receive power; path loss; or power offset. The target receive power is configured by the network device. The path loss is obtained by the device after measuring the downlink signal. The power offset is configured by a higher layer and is configured based on the format of the random access preamble.

[0253] The determining module 1410 is further configured to determine PRACH transmission resources based on the energy storage of the device. In the case of determining to send PRACH, the transmission resources for sending PRACH are determined based on the energy storage of the device.

[0254] In some embodiments, a PRACH resource for current use is selected from at least two PRACH resources based on the device's stored energy. The PRACH resource for current use is used for a single PRACH transmission. In some embodiments, a PRACH resource set for current use is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets based on the device's stored energy. Each PRACH resource set includes at least two PRACH resources.

[0255] Optionally, the PRACH resource set used this time includes a target PRACH resource, which is used for a single PRACH transmission. Optionally, the PRACH resource set used this time includes a target PRACH resource set, which is used for repeated PRACH transmission. The number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used this time is greater than or equal to the number of PRACH resources required for repeated PRACH transmission. That is, the number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used this time is greater than or equal to the number of PRACH resources in the target PRACH resource set.

[0256] In some embodiments, the configurations of at least two PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. For example, the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. Optionally, the energy storage energy of the device is negatively correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used this time. The greater the energy storage energy of the device, the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set selected for use this time; the smaller the energy storage energy of the device, the larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set selected for use this time.

[0257] In some embodiments, when the stored energy of the device is greater than a first threshold, a first PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time; and when the stored energy of the device is less than a second threshold, a second PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time. The first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first PRACH resource set is the first time interval, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the second PRACH resource set is the second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0258] In some embodiments, when the stored energy of the device is greater than a first threshold, a first PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time; and when the stored energy of the device is less than a second threshold, a second PRACH resource set is selected from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set used this time. The first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the first PRACH resource set includes at least two PRACH resource subsets, the second PRACH resource set includes at least two PRACH resource subsets, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resource subsets in the first PRACH resource set is a first time interval, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resource subsets in the second PRACH resource set is a second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0259] In some embodiments, when the stored energy of the device is greater than a first threshold, a first PRACH resource subset is selected from the target PRACH resource set as the PRACH resource set used this time; and when the stored energy of the device is less than a second threshold, a second PRACH resource subset is selected from the target PRACH resource set as the PRACH resource set used this time. The first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first PRACH resource subset is the first time interval, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the second PRACH resource subset is the second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0260] In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used this time includes a second number of PRACH resources, the second number is greater than the first number, and the first number is the number of transmission times of repeated PRACH transmissions.

[0261] The determining module 1410 is further configured to select a first number of PRACH resources from the currently used PRACH resource set.

[0262] In some embodiments, the energy storage capacity of the device is negatively correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first number of PRACH resources. The greater the energy storage capacity of the device, the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the selected first number of PRACH resources; the smaller the energy storage capacity of the device, the larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the selected first number of PRACH resources. It is worth noting that the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources may be the same or different. In the embodiments of the present application, the same time interval between adjacent PRACH resources is used as an example for illustration.

[0263] Optionally, when the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources are different, the energy storage energy of the device is negatively correlated with the average value of the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources in the first number of PRACH resources. The method provided in this embodiment can select a PRACH resource that is suitable for the number of transmissions of the PRACH repeated transmissions in the PRACH resource set used this time based on the number of transmissions of the PRACH repeated transmissions. The device can use an accurate number of PRACH resources, avoid waste of resources, and is conducive to improving the success rate of PRACH transmission by the device.

[0264] In some embodiments, different random access preambles exist in the currently used PRACH resource set. Different random access preambles are associated with different energy storage energies. Optionally, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between different random access preambles and different energy storage energies. For example, as shown in Table 1 or Table 2 above.

[0265] The determination module 1410 is further configured to select a first random access preamble code from the currently used PRACH resource set. The first random access preamble code is associated with the stored energy. For example, if the stored energy of the current device is stored energy 1, the first random access preamble code selected is random access preamble code 1.

[0266] In some embodiments, different PRACH resources in the currently used PRACH resource set belong to different PRACH opportunities. Each PRACH opportunity corresponds to a receiving time window of an RAR. The above method further includes: selecting a PRACH resource belonging to the first PRACH opportunity in the currently used PRACH resource set.

[0267] Optionally, the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the stored energy. The start-up delay refers to the time from the first moment when the PRACH transmission is completed to the second moment when the RAR detection starts. Optionally, the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is negatively correlated with the stored energy. The greater the stored energy of the device, the smaller the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity; the smaller the stored energy of the device, the larger the start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity. That is, when the stored energy of the device is sufficient, the first PRACH opportunity with a smaller start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window is selected; and when the stored energy of the device is insufficient, the first PRACH opportunity with a larger start-up delay of the RAR receiving time window can be selected so that the device has enough time to collect energy and ensure the next PRACH transmission.

[0268] In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the start delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity, as shown in Table 3 or Table 4 above.

[0269] Optionally, the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the stored energy. This window size can also be understood as the time length corresponding to the receive time window, which refers to the time length from the start of RAR detection to the end of RAR detection. Optionally, the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is negatively correlated with the stored energy. The greater the device's stored energy, the smaller the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity; and the smaller the device's stored energy, the larger the window size of the RAR receive time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity. That is, if the device has sufficient stored energy, a first PRACH opportunity with a smaller RAR receive time window size is selected. If the device has insufficient stored energy, a first PRACH opportunity with a larger RAR receive time window size can be selected to allow the device sufficient time to collect energy and ensure the next PRACH transmission.

[0270] In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the window size of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity, as shown in Table 5 or Table 6 above.

[0271] The determining module 1410 is further configured to determine the transmit power of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the device. In the case of determining to transmit the PRACH, the transmit power for transmitting the PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the device.

[0272] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is determined based on the stored energy of the device. The value of i is a positive integer. Optionally, the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is the minimum of the following three: the target transmit power; the power corresponding to the stored energy of the device; the maximum output power of the device at the i-th transmission opportunity. The target transmit power is determined based on at least one of the target receive power, the path loss and the power bias. The target receive power is configured by the network device. The path loss is obtained after the terminal device measures the downlink signal. The power bias is configured by the high layer and is configured according to the format of the random access preamble code.

[0273] Exemplarily, the target transmit power is calculated as follows: Among them, P PRACH,target represents the target received power, and PL represents the path loss.

[0274] Exemplarily, the calculation formula for the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is: in, is the target transmit power of PRACH, P S (i) is the power corresponding to the energy storage capacity of the device, P CMAX (i) is the maximum output power of the device at the i-th transmission opportunity.

[0275] The determination module 1410 is further configured to determine a maximum number of PRACH attempts based on the energy storage of the device. In the case of determining to send the PRACH, the maximum number of PRACH attempts is determined based on the energy storage of the device.

[0276] In some embodiments, the device's stored energy can support one or more random access attempts, and the device's stored energy will be consumed during the attempts. Therefore, although the network device may configure a maximum number of attempts, due to the random nature of the device's stored energy, if the device's stored energy is insufficient to support another attempt, the device will need to terminate the attempt. Therefore, the maximum number of PRACH attempts will be affected by the device's stored energy.

[0277] In some embodiments, the maximum number of PRACH attempts is determined to be the number of attempts supported by the device's stored energy. For example, assuming the number of attempts supported by the device's stored energy is 2, the maximum number of PRACH attempts is determined to be 2. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG12 , assuming the device's stored energy is the sum of E18, E19, and E20. Where E18 is the energy required for the first attempt, E19 is the energy required for the second attempt, and E20 is less than the energy required for the third attempt, the device determines the maximum number of PRACH attempts to be 2. That is, after the second attempt, the device will terminate further attempts and retry energy collection.

[0278] In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be the minimum of the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device and the number of attempts supported by the energy storage of the device. Optionally, when the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device is less than the number of attempts supported by the energy storage of the device, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device. Optionally, when the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device is greater than or equal to the number of attempts supported by the energy storage of the device, the maximum number of attempts for PRACH is determined to be the number of attempts supported by the energy storage of the device.

[0279] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0280] The sending module 1420 is configured to send the PRACH.

[0281] The receiving module is used to receive the target receiving power and / or the configured maximum number of attempts sent by the network device.

[0282] FIG15 shows a block diagram of a channel transmission device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The device includes:

[0283] The receiving module 1510 is configured to receive PRACH.

[0284] In some embodiments, the PRACH transmission method is determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device. It should be noted that the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may be a passive terminal device or a zero-power device. In some embodiments, the terminal device collects environmental energy for power. Optionally, the terminal device includes an energy harvesting module for harvesting environmental energy. For example, as shown in FIG3 , the energy harvesting module 141 can harvest energy carried by radio waves (wireless signals) in space to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the zero-power device 140 and implement backscatter communication. Taking RF energy harvesting as an example, the terminal device collects radio waves through the RF energy harvesting module, thereby obtaining radio energy and storing it in an energy storage unit. After the energy storage unit obtains sufficient energy, it can drive the low-power circuit to operate for operations such as forward link signal demodulation and reverse link signal modulation and transmission. In some embodiments, the energy harvested by the terminal device is greater than or equal to the stored energy. Since energy loss is inevitable, the energy stored by the terminal device may be less than the energy harvested by the terminal device.

[0285] In some embodiments, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for PRACH transmission. In some embodiments, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets a first sum value. The first sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting RAR. In some embodiments, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets a second sum value. The second sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving RAR.

[0286] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for the PRACH transmission includes any one of the following:

[0287] The first one is the energy requirement of a single PRACH transmission.

[0288] Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single transmission of the PRACH. Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single transmission of the PRACH and meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement of a single transmission of the PRACH and meets the energy requirement of detecting RAR and meets the energy requirement of receiving RAR.

[0289] The second type: energy requirements for PRACH repeated transmissions;

[0290] Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for repeated transmission of the PRACH. Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for repeated transmission of the PRACH and meets the energy requirements for detecting RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirements for repeated transmission of the PRACH and meets the energy requirements for detecting RAR and meets the energy requirements for receiving RAR.

[0291] In some embodiments, at least two PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used for PRACH repeated transmission are not necessarily continuous in the time domain, and the terminal device can perform energy collection between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set. Therefore, when the energy storage energy of the terminal device is less than the energy requirement of PRACH repeated transmission, the terminal device can also determine to send PRACH. Based on this, the PRACH received by the above-mentioned network device can be sent when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement of PRACH repeated transmission and the first ratio.

[0292] Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and a first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and a first ratio, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and a second ratio. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH, and meets the energy requirement for detecting RAR and a second ratio.

[0293] Optionally, the PRACH received by the apparatus is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and a first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and a first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR and a second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and a first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR and a second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR and a third ratio. Optionally, the PRACH received by the network device is sent by the terminal device when the energy storage energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for repeated transmission of the PRACH and a first ratio, meets the energy requirement for detecting the RAR and a second ratio, and meets the energy requirement for receiving the RAR and a third ratio.

[0294] In some embodiments, the first ratio is predefined, or the first ratio is determined based on a parameter indicated by a network device. In some embodiments, the first ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set. Optionally, the first ratio is negatively correlated with the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set. The larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set, the smaller the first ratio; the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set, the larger the first ratio. In some embodiments, the second ratio is predefined, or the second ratio is determined based on a parameter indicated by a network device. In some embodiments, the second ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set. In some embodiments, the third ratio is predefined, or the third ratio is determined based on a parameter indicated by a network device. In some embodiments, the third ratio is related to the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in a PRACH resource set.

[0295] In some embodiments, the energy requirement for PRACH transmission is determined based on the PRACH transmit power. Optionally, the PRACH transmit power is determined based on at least one of the following: target receive power; path loss; or power offset. The target receive power is configured by the apparatus. The path loss is obtained by the terminal device after measuring the downlink signal. The power offset is configured by a higher layer and is configured based on the format of the random access preamble.

[0296] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0297] The sending module is used to send a target received power. The target received power is used to indicate the transmit power of the PRACH of the terminal device.

[0298] In some embodiments, the transmission resources of the received PRACH are determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the PRACH resources used by the received PRACH are determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is determined based on the energy storage capacity of the terminal device.

[0299] Optionally, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes a target PRACH resource, which is a PRACH resource used by the terminal device to perform a single PRACH transmission. Optionally, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes a target PRACH resource set, which is a PRACH resource set used by the terminal device to perform repeated PRACH transmission. The number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is greater than or equal to the number of PRACH resources required for repeated PRACH transmission.

[0300] In some embodiments, the configurations of at least two PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. For example, the time intervals between adjacent PRACH resources in different PRACH resource sets are different. Optionally, the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is negatively correlated with the energy storage energy of the terminal device. The greater the energy storage energy of the terminal device that sends PRACH, the smaller the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH; the smaller the energy storage energy of the terminal device that sends PRACH, the larger the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH.

[0301] In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH is a first PRACH resource set or a second PRACH resource set. The time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first PRACH resource set is a first time interval, and the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the second PRACH resource set is a second time interval, and the first time interval is less than the second time interval. The energy storage energy of the terminal device corresponding to the first PRACH resource set is greater than a first threshold, and the energy storage energy of the terminal device corresponding to the second PRACH resource set is greater than a second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.

[0302] In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes a second number of PRACH resources, the second number is greater than the first number, and the first number is the number of transmission times of repeated PRACH transmissions.

[0303] In some embodiments, different random access preambles are present in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH. Different random access preambles are associated with different energy storage energies. Optionally, a one-to-one mapping relationship exists between different random access preambles and different energy storage energies. For example, as shown in Table 1 or Table 2 above.

[0304] In some embodiments, different PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH belong to different PRACH opportunities. Each PRACH opportunity corresponds to a receiving time window of an RAR. In some embodiments, the PRACH resource set used by the received PRACH includes PRACH resources belonging to the first PRACH opportunity.

[0305] Optionally, the start delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the energy storage capacity. The start delay refers to the time from the first moment when the PRACH transmission is completed to the second moment when the RAR detection begins. In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the start delay of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity. For example, as shown in Table 3 or Table 4 above.

[0306] Optionally, the window size of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity is associated with the energy storage capacity. The window size can also be understood as the time length corresponding to the receiving time window, which refers to the time length from the start of RAR detection to the end of RAR detection. In some embodiments, there is a one-to-one mapping relationship between the window size of the RAR receiving time window corresponding to the first PRACH opportunity and the energy storage capacity. For example, as shown in Table 5 or Table 6 above.

[0307] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the received PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0308] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity in the received PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device. Wherein, the value of i is a positive integer. Optionally, the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is the minimum of the following three: the target transmit power; the power corresponding to the stored energy of the terminal device; the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity. Wherein, the target transmit power is determined based on at least one of the target receive power, the path loss and the power bias. The target receive power is configured by the network device. The path loss is obtained after the terminal device measures the downlink signal. The power bias is configured by the high layer and is configured according to the format of the random access preamble code.

[0309] Exemplarily, the target transmit power is calculated as follows: Among them, P PRACH,target represents the target received power, and PL represents the path loss.

[0310] Exemplarily, the calculation formula for the transmit power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission opportunity is: in, is the target transmit power of PRACH, P S (i) is the power corresponding to the energy storage of the terminal equipment, P CMAX (i) is the maximum output power of the terminal device at the i-th transmission opportunity.

[0311] In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts to receive a PRACH is determined based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0312] In some embodiments, the energy stored in the terminal device can support one or more attempts of the random access process, and the energy stored in the terminal device will be consumed during the attempts. Therefore, although the device may be configured with a maximum number of attempts, due to the randomness of the energy stored in the terminal device, when the energy stored in the terminal device is insufficient to support another attempt, the terminal device needs to terminate the attempt. Therefore, the maximum number of PRACH attempts will be affected by the energy stored in the terminal device.

[0313] In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts for a received PRACH is the number of attempts supported by the stored energy of the terminal device. In some embodiments, the maximum number of attempts for a received PRACH is the minimum of the maximum number of attempts configured for the apparatus and the number of attempts supported by the stored energy of the terminal device.

[0314] The sending module is also used to send the configured maximum number of attempts.

[0315] It should be noted that the device provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example to implement its functions. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0316] FIG16 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication device may include: a processor 1601 , a receiver 1602 , a transmitter 1603 , a memory 1604 , and a bus 1605 .

[0317] The processor 1601 includes one or more processing cores. The processor 1601 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0318] The receiver 1602 and the transmitter 1603 may be implemented as a transceiver 1606 , which may be a communication chip.

[0319] The memory 1604 is connected to the processor 1601 via a bus 1605. The memory 1604 can be used to store a computer program, and the processor 1601 is used to execute the computer program to implement the various steps performed by the Ambient IoT device, terminal device, or network device in the above method embodiment.

[0320] In addition, the memory 1604 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, including but not limited to: RAM (Random-Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), flash memory or other solid-state storage technology, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), DVD (Digital Video Disc) or other optical storage, tape cassettes, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices.

[0321] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is used to be executed by a processor of an Ambient IoT device or a terminal device or a network device to implement the various steps in the above-mentioned channel transmission method. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may include: ROM (Read-Only Memory), RAM (Random-Access Memory), SSD (Solid State Drives) or an optical disk, etc. Among them, the random access memory may include ReRAM (Resistance Random Access Memory) and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

[0322] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions. When the chip runs on a terminal or a network device, it is used to implement each step in the above-mentioned channel transmission method.

[0323] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product or computer program, which includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the terminal or network device reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium to implement the various steps in the above-mentioned channel transmission method.

[0324] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0325] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A channel transmission method, characterized in that, The method is executed by a terminal device, and the terminal device is powered by the ambient energy. The method includes: Determine the transmission mode of the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the transmission mode of the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) based on the stored energy of the terminal device includes at least one of the following steps: Determine whether to transmit the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device; Determine the transmission resources of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device; Determine the transmission power of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device; Determine the maximum number of attempts of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining whether to transmit the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device includes: When the stored energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, determine to transmit the PRACH; or, when the stored energy of the terminal device meets the first sum value, determine to transmit the PRACH, where the first sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting the Random Access Response (RAR); or, when the stored energy of the terminal device meets the second sum value, determine to transmit the PRACH, where the second sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting the RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving the RAR.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining whether to transmit the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device includes: When the stored energy of the terminal device does not meet the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the terminal device meets the energy requirement for PRACH transmission; or, when the stored energy of the terminal device does not meet the first sum value, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the terminal device meets the first sum value, where the first sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission and the energy requirement for detecting the RAR; or, when the stored energy of the terminal device does not meet the second sum value, wait for the next PRACH transmission opportunity and repeatedly determine whether the stored energy of the terminal device meets the second sum value, where the second sum value is the sum of the energy requirement for PRACH transmission, the energy requirement for detecting the RAR, and the energy requirement for receiving the RAR.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The energy requirement for PRACH transmission includes any one of the following: the energy requirement for a single PRACH transmission; the energy requirement for repeated PRACH transmission.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determining whether to transmit the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device includes: When the stored energy of the terminal device meets the product of the energy requirement for the PRACH retransmission and a first ratio, determine to send the PRACH; or, when the stored energy of the terminal device does not meet the product of the energy requirement for the PRACH retransmission and the first ratio, determine not to send the PRACH; Wherein, the first ratio is predefined, or the first ratio is determined according to a parameter indicated by a network device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The energy requirement during the PRACH transmission is determined based on the transmission power of the PRACH.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The transmission power is determined based on at least one of the following: target reception power; path loss; power offset.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that Determining the transmission resource of the PRACH based on the stored energy of the terminal device includes: Based on the stored energy of the terminal device, select a PRACH resource set to be used this time from at least two PRACH resource sets; Wherein, the number of PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set to be used this time is greater than or equal to the number of PRACH resources required for the PRACH retransmission.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein There is a negative correlation between the stored energy of the terminal device and the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the PRACH resource set to be used this time.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The selecting a PRACH resource set to be used this time from at least two PRACH resource sets based on the stored energy of the terminal device includes: When the stored energy of the terminal device is greater than a first threshold, select a first PRACH resource set from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set to be used this time; When the stored energy of the terminal device is less than a second threshold, select a second PRACH resource set from at least two PRACH resource sets as the PRACH resource set to be used this time; Wherein, the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold, a first time interval is less than a second time interval, the first time interval is the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the first PRACH resource set, and the second time interval is the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources in the second PRACH resource set.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that The method further includes: Select a first number of PRACH resources from the PRACH resource set to be used this time; Wherein, the first number is the number of transmissions of the PRACH retransmission.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein There is a negative correlation between the stored energy and the time interval between adjacent PRACH resources among the first number of PRACH resources.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that The method further includes: Select a first random access preamble from the PRACH resource set to be used this time; Wherein, the first random access preamble is associated with the stored energy, and there are different random access preambles in the PRACH resource set associated with different stored energies.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Select PRACH resources belonging to a first PRACH occasion from the PRACH resource set to be used this time; Among them, the start delay of the reception time window of the RAR corresponding to the first PRACH occasion is associated with the energy storage energy, and / or the window size of the reception time window of the RAR corresponding to the first PRACH occasion is associated with the energy storage energy.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, Determining the transmission power of the PRACH based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device includes: Determining that the transmission power of the PRACH belonging to the i-th transmission occasion is the minimum of the following three: The target transmission power; the power corresponding to the energy storage energy of the terminal device; the maximum output power of the terminal device in the i-th transmission occasion; Among them, i takes positive integer values.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, Determining the maximum number of attempts of the PRACH based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device includes: Determining that the maximum number of attempts of the PRACH is the number of attempts supported by the energy storage energy of the terminal device; or determining that the maximum number of attempts of the PRACH is the minimum of the maximum number of attempts configured by the network device and the number of attempts supported by the energy storage energy of the terminal device.

18. A channel transmission method, characterized in that, The method is executed by a network device, and the method includes: Receiving a PRACH, the transmission mode of the PRACH is determined based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, and the terminal device collects ambient energy for power supply.

19. A channel transmission device, characterized in that, The device includes: A determination module, configured to determine the transmission mode of the PRACH based on the energy storage energy of the device.

20. A channel transmission device, characterized in that, The device includes: A receiving module, configured to receive a PRACH, the transmission mode of the PRACH is determined based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, and the terminal device collects ambient energy for power supply.

21. A terminal device, characterized in that, The terminal device includes a processor; among them: The processor is configured to determine the transmission mode of the PRACH based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device.

22. A network device, characterized in that, The network device includes a processor and a receiver connected to the processor; among them: The receiver is configured to receive a PRACH, the transmission mode of the PRACH is determined based on the energy storage energy of the terminal device, and the terminal device collects ambient energy for power supply.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program is used to be executed by a processor to implement the channel transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 above, and / or the channel transmission method according to claim 18.

24. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes programmable logic circuits and / or program instructions, and when the chip runs on a terminal or a network device, it is used to implement the channel transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 above, and / or the channel transmission method according to claim 18.

25. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; a processor of a communication device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, so that the communication device implements the channel transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 above, and / or the channel transmission method according to claim 18.

26. A computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor of a communication device to implement the channel transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 above, and / or the channel transmission method according to claim 18.

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