Measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, and charging and discharging system using module

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy. Disclosed are a measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, and a charging and discharging system using the module. The measurement and control module comprises measurement and control boards, each measurement and control board is in circuit connection with an automatic switching element and a battery to be measured, the automatic switching element is arranged on a main connecting wire of said battery and is connected to a power supply, and a bypass circuit that bypasses the corresponding battery to be measured is connected between the automatic switching element and the main connecting wire. The present invention aims to provide a measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging that has a compact and ingenious structure, is easy to use and has good effects, and a charging and discharging system using the module. The present invention is applied to new energy.

Description

Measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging and charging and discharging system using the module Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a measurement and control module, and more specifically, to a measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging. The present invention also relates to a charging and discharging system using the module. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems using power batteries, safety and shortcomings of power batteries are becoming increasingly prominent. Furthermore, the increasing number of obsolete power batteries has made their recycling and disposal a pressing issue. The government encourages companies to implement a cascaded reuse system for power batteries. Utilizing obsolete power batteries for energy storage is a key yet challenging aspect. This is because obsolete power batteries come in a wide variety of brands, specifications, and performance. If used for energy storage, each obsolete battery requires testing and screening, which requires significant manpower and resources, resulting in high energy storage costs. More importantly, obsolete power batteries are much more likely to malfunction and subsequently explode than new batteries. If this safety hazard cannot be addressed, obsolete power batteries cannot be used for energy storage.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging that has a compact and ingenious structure, is easy to use and has good effects.

[0005] The latter object of the present invention is to provide a charging and discharging system using the above module.

[0006] The previous technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging includes a measurement and control board, the measurement and control board circuit is connected to an automatic switching element and a battery to be detected, the automatic switching element is arranged on the main connection line of the battery to be detected, the automatic switching element is connected to a power supply, and a bypass line bypassing the corresponding battery to be detected is connected between the automatic switching element and the main connection line. The measurement and control board directly detects and obtains the voltage and temperature of the battery to be detected.

[0007] In the above-mentioned measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, two voltage detection lines are provided between the measurement and control board and the battery to be detected, and the two voltage detection lines are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery to be detected.

[0008] In the above-mentioned measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, the measurement and control board includes a main control circuit, which is respectively connected to a communication circuit and a voltage sampling circuit, the communication circuit is connected to an external control system, and the voltage sampling circuit is connected to the battery circuit to be detected.

[0009] In the above-mentioned measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, the main control circuit is connected to an action element, and the action element is located between the automatic switch element and the power supply.

[0010] In the above-mentioned measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, the main control circuit is connected to a temperature measurement circuit, and the temperature measurement probe of the temperature measurement circuit is arranged on the battery to be detected.

[0011] In the above-mentioned measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, a step-down circuit is provided on the measurement and control board; the input end of the step-down circuit is connected to a power supply, and the output end is connected to each low-voltage electrical component.

[0012] In the above-mentioned measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, an isolation buck circuit and an isolation element are sequentially connected between the power supply and the buck circuit, and the isolation element is located between the battery to be detected and the voltage sampling circuit.

[0013] The latter technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a charging and discharging system using the measurement and control module described in the above claims, including at least one battery pack and electrical equipment connected to the battery pack in a one-to-one correspondence, the battery pack is composed of a number of batteries connected in series, and the two ends of each battery are connected to a corresponding measurement and control board through a voltage detection line, an automatic switching element is provided on the main connecting line outside one of the voltage detection lines of each battery, and the automatic switching element is connected to the measurement and control board; each measurement and control board is connected to the control terminal respectively.

[0014] In the above-mentioned charging and discharging system, the battery pack is connected in series with a backup battery pack for voltage stabilization, and the backup battery pack is connected to the control terminal.

[0015] In the above-mentioned charging and discharging system, the electrical equipment is connected to a first current transformer, a second current transformer and a transformer in sequence, and the transformer is connected to an external power supply; the first current transformer is connected to a metering meter, and the second current transformer is connected to a control meter, and the metering meter and the control meter are respectively connected to a control terminal; the first current transformer and the second current transformer are respectively arranged on the line.

[0016] With the above-mentioned structure, the present invention independently detects battery parameters through a one-to-one correspondence between the measurement and control board and the battery. Simultaneously, an automatic switching element, controlled by the measurement and control board and also corresponding to the battery, is provided. This effectively and accurately controls the connection and disconnection of individual batteries during the charging and discharging process, effectively preventing the dangers of overcharging, overdischarging, and overheating. This ensures the safety of each battery during the charging and discharging process and increases its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments in the accompanying drawings, but this does not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0018] FIG1 is a block diagram of a measurement and control module embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] FIG2 is a block diagram of a measurement and control module according to the present invention using a battery to power an isolation element;

[0020] FIG3 is a block diagram of a measurement and control module embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] 4 is a block diagram of an external relay of a measurement and control board in a centralized charging and discharging system of the present invention;

[0022] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the battery pack and the backup battery pack of the present invention;

[0023] FIG6 is a block diagram of a built-in relay of a measurement and control board in a centralized charging and discharging system of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Measurement and control board; 1a. Main control circuit; 1b. Communication circuit; 1c. Voltage sampling circuit; 1d. Action element; 1e. Temperature measurement circuit; 1f. Step-down circuit; 1g. Isolation step-down circuit; 1h. Isolation element; 2. Automatic switching element; 3. Main connection line; 4. Power supply; 5. Bypass line; 6. Voltage detection line; 7. Battery pack; 8. Electrical equipment; 9. Control terminal; 10. Backup battery pack; 11. First current transformer; 12. Second current transformer; 13. Transformer; 14. Metering meter; 15. Control meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Referring to FIG. 1 , a measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging according to the present invention includes a measurement and control board 1, which is circuit-connected to an automatic switch element 2 and a battery to be tested. The automatic switch element 2 is disposed on a main connection line 3 of the battery to be tested, and can be located either in front of or behind the battery to be tested. The automatic switch element 2 is connected to a power supply 4, and a bypass line 5 is connected between the automatic switch element 2 and the main connection line 3, bypassing the corresponding battery to be tested. The measurement and control board directly detects and obtains the voltage and temperature of the battery to be tested. Specifically, two voltage detection lines 6 are disposed between the measurement and control board 1 and the battery to be tested, and the two voltage detection lines 6 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery to be tested. By providing a bypass line, combined with voltage detection lines on both sides of each battery to be tested, the measurement and control board can directly obtain the voltage and temperature parameters of the corresponding battery nearby. This allows for both local control of each battery and data feedback to an external control terminal, which then performs independent auxiliary control of each battery to be tested. The addition or removal of each battery does not affect the remaining batteries.

[0027] More importantly, the measurement and control board directly detects and obtains battery parameters locally and has the authority to directly control the corresponding battery's exit from the system. This greatly ensures the safety of system operation and avoids safety accidents caused by the measurement and control board's inability to timely control the battery due to communication failures with the upper-level control terminal or data processing terminal.

[0028] At the same time, the batteries to be charged that have exited the charging and discharging system are still under real-time detection by the control terminal. If the control terminal finds that a battery to be detected is abnormal, the system will issue an alarm or shut down according to the actual situation to prevent danger.

[0029] During the charging and discharging process, even if a problem occurs with the control terminal or the communication line is disconnected, the battery under test will not be overcharged or over-discharged, which could lead to danger. Compared to existing technologies, this approach effectively manages individual batteries independently, preventing overcharging, over-discharging, and overheating within their original performance state. This significantly reduces the safety hazards associated with new batteries, and especially older batteries, when used in energy storage or electric vehicles. Independent management of each battery ensures that the first battery to be fully charged is discharged first, and the first battery to be fully discharged is discharged first, effectively addressing the short board effect.

[0030] In addition, in order to improve the integration and facilitate wiring and installation, the automatic switch element can also be integrated on the measurement and control board. Compared with the above-mentioned split structure, this is also an equivalent alternative solution that can be easily thought of by technical personnel in this field.

[0031] In this embodiment, the measurement and control board 1 includes a main control circuit 1a, which is electrically connected to a communication circuit 1b and a voltage sampling circuit 1c. The communication circuit 1b is connected to an external control terminal, and the voltage sampling circuit 1c is connected to the battery to be tested. A step-down circuit 1f is provided on the measurement and control board 1; the input end of the step-down circuit 1f is connected to a power supply 4, and the output end is connected to each low-voltage electrical component to provide power to each low-voltage electrical component. The measurement and control board is preferably powered by an external power source. Of course, it is theoretically possible to use the battery to be tested for power, but if the battery fails, the measurement and control board will not function properly. Therefore, it is preferred to use an external power source for power.

[0032] Preferably, the main control circuit 1a is connected to an operating element 1d, which is located between the automatic switch element 2 and the power supply 4. Of course, when the automatic switch element uses an electronic component, such as an interlocking MOS transistor, an operating element is not required; when the automatic switch element uses a relay, an operating element is required. In this embodiment, the automatic switch element uses a relay, which has the advantages of safety, stability, and high reliability.

[0033] Preferably, the main control circuit 1a is connected to a temperature measurement circuit 1e, and the temperature measurement probe of the temperature measurement circuit 1e is set on the battery to be tested. The temperature measurement circuit is used to detect the temperature of the battery to be tested in real time. This is mainly because if the battery to be tested is an old battery, its performance and quality are unstable and its failure rate is higher than that of a new battery. Adding temperature detection can further improve safety performance. Of course, when the battery to be tested is a new power battery, this system is still applicable and can still improve system safety.

[0034] In this embodiment, an isolated step-down circuit 1g and an isolation element 1h are connected in sequence between the power supply 4 and the step-down circuit 1f. Isolation element 1h is located between the battery under test and the voltage sampling circuit 1c. The isolation element isolates the voltage sampling circuit, preventing the high voltage from the series connection of the battery under test from damaging the measurement and control board and the power supply. This structure is primarily suitable for high-voltage charging and discharging of multiple batteries in series, typically in systems with hundreds or more cells.

[0035] In addition, when an isolation element is used, it can also be powered by the battery to be tested. In this case, the module does not need an isolation step-down circuit, and only needs to add a voltage stabilization circuit connected between the battery to be tested and the isolation element. This is shown in Figure 2.

[0036] It's important to emphasize that, as technology advances, the degree of integration of various functional circuits will change accordingly. Multiple functional circuits may be integrated on a single chip, or on several cooperating chips. Furthermore, the functionality of the entire measurement and control board could be integrated within an automatic switching element, forming a functional module similar to an IGBT. These are all equivalent alternatives that those skilled in the art will readily consider as technology advances.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Referring to FIG3 , a measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging of the present invention has a structure substantially the same as that of Example 1, except that the module does not include an isolation element and a corresponding isolation step-down circuit. This module is only suitable for low-voltage charging and discharging systems with a small number of batteries connected in series, such as those below 100V.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] Referring to FIG4 , a charging and discharging system of the present invention using the above-mentioned measurement and control module includes at least one battery pack 7 and electrical equipment 8 connected one-to-one to the battery pack 7. The battery pack 7 is composed of a plurality of batteries connected in series, and the two ends of each battery are connected to a corresponding measurement and control board 1 through a voltage detection line 6. An automatic switching element 2 is provided on the main connecting line 3 outside one of the voltage detection lines 6 of each battery, and the automatic switching element 2 is connected to the measurement and control board 1; each measurement and control board 1 is connected to a control terminal 9. For ease of control, the control terminal is preferably composed of a central control system and a controller connected to each battery pack. Depending on the number of battery packs that can be controlled by the controller, when the number of battery packs is large, each controller is connected in parallel to the central control system. Of course, when the system is small, the controller can also be used directly for control.

[0041] The measurement and control board performs voltage and temperature monitoring on each battery cell locally, saving significant wiring and reducing costs. Furthermore, the board can autonomously shut down the controlled battery based on a preset voltage or temperature. This means that within a single operating cycle, such as a charge or discharge cycle, the board can only shut down the battery once. Once shut down, the battery cannot be connected to the system again. Control must be performed by the control terminal. This is the system's first line of defense. Local battery control by the board effectively avoids delays in processing due to communication failures or delays between the board and the higher-level unit.

[0042] The control terminal is equipped with warning voltage and shutdown voltage values, which can provide the second and third safety protections when the measurement and control board fails.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the system is applied to new energy, the system needs to perform AC-DC conversion, and the electrical equipment needs to be connected to an inverter for conversion;

[0044] When the system is applied to trams, the system can directly connect to electrical equipment according to actual conditions.

[0045] Preferably, as shown in FIG5 , the battery pack 7 is connected in series with a backup battery pack 10 for voltage stabilization, and the backup battery pack 10 is connected to the control terminal 9. By providing a backup battery pack, the stability of the output voltage can be guaranteed. Further preferably, the structure of the backup battery pack is the same as that of the battery pack of the charging and discharging system, and both need to be independently controlled by independent measurement and control boards, and automatic switching elements also need to be provided on the lines. When the system just starts working, the backup battery pack is in a bypass state, that is, the backup battery does not participate in the output. After the system has been working for a period of time, when the battery pack voltage drops, the backup battery pack is added according to the preset voltage value, thereby ensuring that the system voltage is in a relatively constant state, avoiding the system increasing the current output due to the voltage drop, and ensuring the long-term safe operation of the system.

[0046] When there is no backup battery pack, the system can only increase the current to ensure output power, which will cause the battery to discharge with a large current, damage the battery and shorten its service life.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to achieve precise control of the output power of the electrical equipment according to the load changes of the user's electrical equipment, and at the same time to have real-time understanding of the operating status of the new energy system, the electrical equipment 8 is connected in sequence with a first current transformer 11, a second current transformer 12 and a transformer 13, and the transformer 13 is connected to an external power supply; the first current transformer 11 is connected to a metering meter 14, and the second current transformer 12 is connected to a control meter 15, and the metering meter 14 and the control meter 15 are respectively connected to the control terminal 9; the first current transformer 11 and the second current transformer 12 are respectively arranged on the line.

[0048] The number of battery packs can be specifically set according to the power demand of the user, that is, the power-consuming equipment. Each battery pack is equipped with a corresponding power-consuming equipment and a controller. The power-consuming equipment is connected to the controller, and then the controller controls multiple parallel battery packs. The controller is then connected to the central control system. The power-consuming equipment in each battery pack is connected in parallel to the central control system. If it is a small unit, the central control system is not required, and the controller can directly control several power-consuming equipment and several battery packs.

[0049] In addition, as shown in FIG6 , when the automatic switch element is alternatively integrated on the measurement and control board in the measurement and control module, the wiring can be greatly simplified and easier to maintain. This is also an equivalent alternative solution that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention.

[0050] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are only used to facilitate the explanation of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can, without departing from the scope of the technical features of the present invention, make partial changes or modifications to the technical contents disclosed in the present invention and make equivalent embodiments without departing from the technical features of the present invention. Such modifications still fall within the scope of the technical features of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging, comprising a measurement and control board (1), characterized in that: The measuring and controlling board (1) is circuit-connected with an automatic switch element (2) and a battery to be detected. The automatic switch element (2) is arranged on a main connection line (3) of the battery to be detected. The automatic switch element (2) is connected to a power source (4). A bypass line (5) bypassing the corresponding battery to be detected is connected between the automatic switch element (2) and the main connection line (3). The measuring and controlling board (1) directly detects and obtains the voltage and temperature of the battery to be detected.

2. A measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two voltage detection lines (6) are arranged between the measurement and control board (1) and the battery to be detected, and the two voltage detection lines (6) are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery to be detected.

3. A measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement and control board (1) comprises a main control circuit (1a), wherein the main control circuit (1a) is respectively connected to a communication circuit (1b) and a voltage sampling circuit (1c), wherein the communication circuit (1b) is connected to an external control system, and the voltage sampling circuit (1c) is connected to a circuit of a battery to be detected.

4. A measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main control circuit (1a) is connected to an action element (1d), and the action element (1d) is located between the automatic switch element (2) and the power supply (4).

5. A measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main control circuit (1a) is connected to a temperature measuring circuit (1e), and a temperature measuring probe of the temperature measuring circuit (1e) is arranged on the battery to be tested.

6. A measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The measurement and control board (1) is provided with a step-down circuit (1f); the input end of the step-down circuit (1f) is connected to a power source (4), and the output end is respectively connected to various low-voltage electrical components.

7. A measurement and control module for intelligent charging and discharging according to claim 6, characterized in that: An isolation step-down circuit (1g) and an isolation element (1h) are connected in sequence between the power source (4) and the step-down circuit (1f), and the isolation element (1h) is located between the battery to be detected and the voltage sampling circuit (1c).

8. A charging and discharging system using the measurement and control module according to any one of claims 2 to 7, comprising at least one battery pack (7) and electrical equipment (8) connected to the battery pack (7) in a one-to-one correspondence, characterized in that: The battery pack (7) is composed of a plurality of batteries connected in series, and the two ends of each battery are connected to a corresponding measurement and control board (1) through a voltage detection line (6). An automatic switch element (2) is provided on a main connection line (3) outside one of the voltage detection lines (6) of each battery, and the automatic switch element (2) is connected to the measurement and control board (1); each measurement and control board (1) is connected to a control terminal (9).

9. A charging and discharging system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The battery pack (7) is connected in series with a backup battery pack (10) for voltage stabilization, and the backup battery pack (10) is connected to a control terminal (9).

10. A charging and discharging system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrical equipment (8) is connected in sequence to a first current transformer (11), a second current transformer (12) and a transformer (13), and the transformer (13) is connected to an external power supply; the first current transformer (11) is connected to a metering meter (14), and the second current transformer (12) is connected to a control meter (15), and the metering meter (14) and the control meter (15) are respectively connected to a control terminal (9); the first current transformer (11) and the second current transformer (12) are respectively arranged on a line.

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