Multi-level simple fire-fighting system and method for all-in-one cabinet

Abstract

A multi-level simple fire-fighting system and method for an all-in-one cabinet. The fire-fighting system comprises an all-in-one cabinet, PACK-level fire extinguishing devices and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device; a plurality of battery PACK boxes are arranged in each all-in-one cabinet, a cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem for overall fire protection of the all-in-one cabinet is arranged in the all-in-one cabinet, and each battery PACK box is provided with a PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem for fire protection of a single battery PACK box; each PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem comprises a plurality of thermosensitive lines and a PACK-level fire extinguishing device, the thermosensitive lines on the inner surfaces of all the battery PACK boxes are connected to the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing devices, and any corresponding thermosensitive line is a starting line; and the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem comprises a plurality of thermosensitive lines and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device, all the thermosensitive lines on the inner wall of the cabinet body are connected to the cluster-level fire extinguishing device, and any corresponding thermosensitive line is a starting line. The fire-fighting system and method can implement a timely response and efficient fire extinguishing.

Description

A multi-level simple fire protection system and method for integrated cabinet Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated cabinet fire protection, and in particular to a multi-stage simple fire protection system and method for an integrated cabinet. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of the "dual carbon" goals, vigorously developing new energy, optimizing the energy mix, and achieving clean, low-carbon development have become a global consensus. Energy storage can promote the absorption of new energy, enhance power system flexibility, and support the safe and stable operation of new power systems. It has become one of the key technologies for building these systems. In recent years, despite adverse factors such as international competition and the pandemic, the energy storage industry has maintained rapid development. However, this rapid growth has also come at a time of increasing pressure on the safe construction and operation of energy storage systems. According to incomplete statistics from CNESA, over 70 energy storage safety incidents have occurred globally since 2011. Even after more than a decade of development, 17 energy storage safety incidents occurred globally in 2022, including several residential energy storage incidents abroad. With the exception of one incident involving lead-acid batteries, all other incidents involved lithium-ion batteries. With the rapid growth of energy storage installed capacity, energy storage safety risks are also increasing. Safety has become a bottleneck restricting the further development of the lithium-ion battery energy storage industry.

[0003] For industrial and commercial energy storage, the storage system has a large capacity. Once thermal runaway occurs, chemical reactions will continue, continuously releasing heat and producing various flammable gases. Therefore, early detection is particularly important for firefighting.

[0004] Fire protection arrangements for energy storage cabinets today typically involve a hierarchical approach, with fire protection devices installed sequentially for the battery pack and the cabinet. For example, the publication CN115869563A, "A Fire Extinguishing System and Fire Warning Control Method for Energy Storage Containers," proposes prevention and monitoring at the cabin, cluster, and pack levels.

[0005] However, the known methods have the following problems:

[0006] 1. The system usually relies on monitoring devices to transmit data to determine whether there is a fire. Monitoring devices usually use sensors and other detection devices. In the event of a battery pack fire, the detectors are easily damaged, increasing the cost of fire prevention.

[0007] 2. During the monitoring process, the number of detectors is limited based on cost calculations. Its main monitoring range depends on the sensing end. When there are signs of fire far away from the sensing end, it takes a certain amount of time for the temperature within the sensing end range to reach the set value. There is a slight lag in detection, and it is impossible to deal with the fire source in a timely and accurate manner.

[0008] 3. The detection device requires the introduction of additional electrical components in the energy storage battery cabinet. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of combustible gas will overflow from the pressure relief valve. Under the influence of the fire, electrical components such as the detector may come into contact with the combustible gas, potentially causing a secondary fire, posing a safety hazard.

[0009] 4. The false alarm rate of the detection module is high. It takes a certain amount of time for the detection modules such as smoke sensors, temperature sensors and combustible gas sensors to transmit the signal from the ignition point to the sensing response and exceed the set value;

[0010] 5. The detection module is an electronic component and requires regular maintenance and inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-level simple fire protection system and method for an integrated cabinet. By arranging the fire extinguishing devices in sequence according to the cluster level and the PACK level, and setting a thermistor in the supervision area of ​​each fire extinguishing device, the thermistor in the area becomes the starting line of the corresponding fire extinguishing device, thereby solving the problems of high cost of using detectors in the above-mentioned existing fire warning methods, lag in fire ignition far away from the sensing end, and the risk of secondary fire.

[0012] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet, comprising an integrated cabinet, a PACK-level fire extinguishing device, and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device. Each integrated cabinet is provided with a plurality of battery PACK boxes. The integrated cabinet is provided with a cluster-level fire protection subsystem for the overall fire protection of the integrated cabinet. Each battery PACK box is provided with a PACK-level fire protection subsystem for the fire protection of a single battery PACK box.

[0013] Each PACK-level fire protection subsystem includes multiple heat-sensitive wires and corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing devices. The PACK-level fire extinguishing devices are installed on the corresponding battery PACK box, and the nozzles of the PACK-level fire extinguishing devices cover the battery PACK box. The multiple heat-sensitive wires are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the corresponding battery PACK box, and all the heat-sensitive wires on the inner surface of the battery PACK box are connected to the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device. Any connected heat-sensitive wire serves as the activation wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device.

[0014] Preferably, the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem includes a plurality of thermal wires and a cluster-level fire-extinguishing device. The cluster-level fire-extinguishing device is arranged on the inner wall of the cabinet, and the nozzle of the cluster-level fire-extinguishing device is facing into the cabinet. The plurality of thermal wires are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the integrated cabinet, and all the thermal wires on the inner wall of the cabinet are connected to the corresponding cluster-level fire-extinguishing device. Any connected thermal wire is the starting line of the corresponding cluster-level fire-extinguishing device.

[0015] Preferably, the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem corresponds one-to-one to the integrated cabinet, and the thermal lines of the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem are evenly arranged along the edges of the integrated cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box inside the cabinet. The thermal lines of the edges of the integrated cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box inside the cabinet are all the starting lines of the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing devices.

[0016] More preferably, the PACK-level fire protection subsystem corresponds one-to-one with the battery PACK box.

[0017] Furthermore, the thermal sensitive wires of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem are arranged in an S-shaped curve on the inner surface of the battery PACK box. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device is arranged in the middle position of the top of the battery PACK box, and the PACK-level fire extinguishing device is provided with multiple nozzles, which spray in different directions, and the spray range covers the entire battery PACK box.

[0018] Furthermore, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device is arranged on one side of the battery PACK box pressure relief valve, and a thermal wire is provided above the battery PACK box pressure relief valve. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device is provided with multiple nozzles, and the multiple nozzles spray in different directions. The spray range covers the entire battery PACK box, and at least one of the multiple nozzles is aimed at the battery PACK box pressure relief valve.

[0019] Specifically, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device are both thermal aerosol fire extinguishing devices. The heat-sensitive wire ignites the fire extinguishing component after being heated and sprays a large amount of fire extinguishing agent. When the temperature is not lower than 185°C or an open flame appears, the heat-sensitive wire ignites the fire extinguishing component.

[0020] A multi-stage simple fire protection method for an integrated cabinet includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: Install the corresponding cluster-level fire protection subsystem in the integrated cabinet;

[0022] S2: Make the thermal wires of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem in S1 evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box inside the cabinet, and each thermal wire on the corresponding inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box inside the cabinet is connected to the cluster-level fire extinguishing device of the corresponding subsystem. Any thermal wire on the corresponding inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box inside the cabinet is the activation wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device;

[0023] S3: Install the corresponding PACK-level fire protection subsystem on each battery PACK box;

[0024] S4: Make the thermal wires of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem in S3 evenly distributed along the inner surface of the battery PACK box, and each thermal wire on the inner surface of the corresponding box is connected to the PACK-level fire extinguishing device of the corresponding subsystem. Any thermal wire on the inner surface of the corresponding box is the activation wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device;

[0025] S5: When a fire occurs, if the thermal wire in S4 detects a fire, the thermal wire ignites the fire extinguishing component of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device, releasing aerosol fire extinguishing agent to fully flood the corresponding battery PACK box to extinguish the fire;

[0026] S6: When a fire occurs, if the thermal wire in S2 detects a fire, the thermal wire will ignite the fire extinguishing component of the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device, releasing aerosol fire extinguishing agent to fully flood the corresponding integrated cabinet to extinguish the fire;

[0027] S7: The PACK-level fire extinguishing device in S5 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device in S6 will both generate passive switch signals when started. The passive switch signals are transmitted to the background. After receiving the passive switch signals, the background is aware of the fire and dispatches personnel to deal with it urgently.

[0028] Preferably, S4 further includes the following steps: a PACK-level fire extinguishing device is arranged on one side of the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box, and a thermal wire is provided above the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box, so that at least one nozzle of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device is aligned with the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box.

[0029] Preferably, the S5 further includes the following steps: when the initial fire is not extinguished, the PACK-level fire extinguishing devices on the adjacent two sides will assist in extinguishing the initial fire point under the ignition of the heat-sensitive wire.

[0030] Preferably, S7 also includes the following steps: backstage personnel can assist firefighters in judging the fire situation based on the passive switch signal. When the passive switch signal continues to be generated after the first generation and no new passive switch signal is generated, it means that the fire is under control in the early stage. When new passive switch signals continue to be generated, it means that the fire has not been extinguished or a major accident has occurred.

[0031] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0032] 1. The present invention uses thermal wires as the trigger wires for each fire extinguishing device, which are evenly distributed in each monitoring area, providing all-round protection, reducing costs, improving response speed, and obtaining fire information in the first place;

[0033] 2. The physical and chemical properties of the thermal wire serve as the trigger line for the fire extinguishing device. When the temperature exceeds the standard, the fire extinguishing component is ignited to spray the agent. No additional electrical components are required, and the possibility of secondary accidents is low.

[0034] 3. A thermal line is installed at the pressure relief valve of the PACK box, and the nozzle of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device is aligned with the pressure relief valve of the PACK box. After the battery cell thermal runaway, a large amount of combustible gas overflows from the pressure relief valve. At this time, there is insufficient oxygen in the box and the ignition point cannot be reached. The pressure relief valve is the contact point between air and combustible gas, and there is sufficient oxygen. Therefore, this place should be an important ignition point. The thermal line 7 is limitedly arranged here to detect the fire in the first time and activate the fire extinguishing device.

[0035] 4. Using thermal wire not only improves the sensitivity of the sensor, but also improves timeliness;

[0036] 5. Thermal wires are low cost and do not require frequent inspections. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated cabinet according to the present invention;

[0038] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a PACK-level fire protection subsystem of the present invention;

[0039] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another PACK-level fire protection subsystem layout of the present invention;

[0040] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a cluster-level fire protection subsystem according to the present invention;

[0041] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another cluster-level fire protection subsystem layout of the present invention;

[0042] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of thermal lines of a cluster-level fire protection subsystem of the present invention;

[0043] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of thermal lines of another cluster-level fire protection subsystem of the present invention;

[0044] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a PACK-level fire extinguishing device according to the present invention;

[0045] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a cluster-level fire extinguishing device according to the present invention;

[0046] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of logic control of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure: 1. Integrated cabinet; 2. Battery PACK box; 3. Cluster-level fire protection subsystem; 4. PACK-level fire protection subsystem; 5. Cluster-level fire extinguishing device; 6. PACK-level fire extinguishing device; 7. Thermal wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, as a preferred embodiment 1, a multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet includes an integrated cabinet 1, a PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6, and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5. Each of the integrated cabinets 1 is provided with a plurality of battery PACK boxes 2. It is characterized in that the integrated cabinet 1 is provided with a cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 for the overall fire protection of the integrated cabinet 1, and each of the battery PACK boxes 2 is provided with a PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 for the fire protection of a single battery PACK box 2.

[0050] Each of the PACK-level fire protection subsystems 4 includes a plurality of heat-sensitive wires 7 and corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing devices 6. The PACK-level fire extinguishing devices 6 are installed on the corresponding battery PACK box 2, and the nozzles of the PACK-level fire extinguishing devices 6 cover the battery PACK box 2. The plurality of heat-sensitive wires 7 are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the corresponding battery PACK box 2, and all the heat-sensitive wires 7 on the inner surface of the battery PACK box 2 are connected to the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing devices 6. Any connected heat-sensitive wire 7 serves as the activation wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6.

[0051] The cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 includes multiple thermal wires 7 and cluster-level fire extinguishing devices 5. The cluster-level fire extinguishing devices 5 are arranged on the inner wall of the cabinet, and the nozzles of the cluster-level fire extinguishing devices 5 are facing the inside of the cabinet. The multiple thermal wires 7 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the integrated cabinet 1, and all the thermal wires 7 on the inner wall of the cabinet are connected to the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing devices 5. Any connected thermal wire 7 is the starting wire of the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5.

[0052] In Example 1, a multi-level simplified fire protection system for an integrated cabinet is provided. Based on the structure of the integrated cabinet 1, the fire protection system is divided into a cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 for the entire integrated cabinet 1 and the outside of the battery pack box inside the cabinet, and a pack-level fire protection subsystem 4 for a single battery pack box 2. The pack-level fire protection subsystem 4 detects and extinguishes the root fire source early, while the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 focuses on controlling external fire sources, preventing their spread, and suppressing their growth.

[0053] The PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 and the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 are different from the common fire protection system monitoring methods such as smoke sensors and temperature sensors. No electronic equipment is required. The thermistor wire 7 is used as the starting line of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5. The temperature affects the physical and chemical properties of the thermistor wire 7 to ignite the fire extinguishing components of the corresponding fire extinguishing device to spray out the fire extinguishing agent, reducing monitoring costs and preventing other electrical components from affecting the integrated cabinet and each battery pack. In the event of a fire, the loss is also reduced to prevent the electrical components from being damaged secondary to the fire and affecting the operation of the fire protection system.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment 2, the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem 3 corresponds one-to-one with the integrated cabinet 1, and the thermal wires 7 of the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem 3 are evenly arranged along the edges of the integrated cabinet 1 and the outer surface of the battery PACK box 2 in the cabinet. The thermal wires 7 on the edges of the integrated cabinet 1 and the outer surface of the battery PACK box 2 in the cabinet are all the starting wires of the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5, ensuring protection and isolation against external fire sources, and at the same time making timely response to the fire that cannot be extinguished inside the battery PACK box 2.

[0055] As shown in Figure 5, as a preferred embodiment 3, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 of the cluster-level fire fighting subsystem 3 is installed on the top of the integrated cabinet 1, with the nozzle of the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 facing downward. Embodiment 4 is another arrangement of the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5. The cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 is installed on the top of the integrated cabinet 1, and the entire integrated cabinet 1 is extinguished from top to bottom using a full flooding method to ensure fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0056] As shown in Figure 4, as a preferred embodiment 4, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 of the cluster-level fire fighting subsystem 3 is installed at the bottom of the integrated cabinet 1, with the nozzle of the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 facing upward. Embodiment 5 is another arrangement of the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5. The cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 is installed at the bottom of the integrated cabinet 1, and the entire integrated cabinet 1 is extinguished from the bottom up using a full flooding method to ensure fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0057] As shown in the figure, as a preferred embodiment 5, the thermal wires 7 located on the inner wall of the cabinet are arranged in an S-shaped curve.

[0058] As shown in the figure, as a preferred embodiment 6, the thermal wires 7 located on the inner wall of the cabinet are arranged spirally along the inner wall.

[0059] Embodiments 5 and 6 are arrangements of the thermal wires 7 of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3, aiming to increase as many contact points as possible and sense fire conditions in a timely manner.

[0060] The above method is only an example. The fire extinguishing device is a gas fire extinguishing device, which adopts full flooding to extinguish fire. The device is small, pressure-free, and has multiple outlets. It can be installed in various positions, such as floor-standing, hanging, side wall, etc., without affecting the spraying or fire extinguishing of the device.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment 7, the PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem 4 corresponds one-to-one with each battery PACK box 2. Each battery PACK box 2 is equipped with at least one PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem 4 to ensure timely extinguishing of fires in the battery PACK box 2. In the event of a battery pack fire, the root fire is promptly extinguished. When the root fire is promptly extinguished, only the PACK-level fire-fighting device 6 on the current battery PACK box 2 is consumed. If the fire is not extinguished in time, a hierarchical extinguishing method is adopted, first the PACK-level fire-fighting subsystems 4 on both sides of the adjacent battery PACK box, and finally the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem 3, to minimize the impact of the fire and achieve precise fire extinguishing.

[0062] As shown in Figure 2, as a preferred embodiment 8, the thermal wires 7 of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 are arranged in an S-shaped curve on the inner surface of the battery pack box 2. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is located in the center of the top of the battery pack box 2 and is equipped with multiple nozzles that spray in different directions, covering the entire battery pack box 2. Embodiment 8 is one arrangement of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4. The thermal wires 7 are installed on the top of the PACK box, with multiple directional outlets, which can reduce detection time. The S-shaped arrangement increases detection points compared to a single horizontal or vertical arrangement, providing more reliable protection. The fire extinguishing device has multiple nozzles, which can fully cover the protection area and immediately spray all the fire extinguishing agents to extinguish the fire.

[0063] As shown in FIG3 , as a preferred embodiment 9, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is arranged on one side of the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2, and a thermal wire 7 is arranged above the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is provided with multiple nozzles, and the multiple nozzles spray in different directions, and the spray range covers the entire battery PACK box 2. At least one nozzle among the multiple nozzles is aimed at the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2. Embodiment 8 is another arrangement of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4. The PACK box is installed on the side, and the thermal wire 7 is output in multiple directions to reduce the detection time. The thermal wire 7 is arranged at the pressure relief valve of the PACK box. After the battery cell thermal runaway, a large amount of combustible gas overflows from the pressure relief valve. At this time, the oxygen on the surface of the box is insufficient and the ignition point cannot be reached. The pressure relief valve is the contact point between air and combustible gas, and there is sufficient oxygen. Therefore, this should be an important ignition point. The thermal wire 7 is arranged here in a limited manner, so that the fire can be detected in the first time and the fire extinguishing device can be activated.

[0064] Secondly, the nozzle of the device is located near the pressure relief valve. When the device sprays, a large amount of fire extinguishing agent quickly cuts off the combustible materials and the fire point, playing a partial role in extinguishing the fire.

[0065] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in a preferred embodiment 8, both the pack-level fire extinguishing device 6 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 are thermal aerosol fire extinguishing devices. When heated, the heat-sensitive wire 7 ignites the fire extinguishing component and sprays a large amount of fire extinguishing agent. Embodiment 9 is an optional device for the pack-level fire extinguishing device 6 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment 9, when the temperature is not less than 185°C or an open flame appears, the heat-sensitive wire 7 ignites the fire extinguishing component. Embodiment 10 provides specific conditions for the heat-sensitive wire 7 to ignite the fire extinguishing component.

[0067] Preferably, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 utilizes a thermal aerosol extinguishing device model QRR0.144G / S-MS-144-F-02-11, suitable for relatively enclosed spaces such as energy storage cabinets. When a fire occurs, the device receives an electrical activation signal or an open flame ignites a thermal wire. The electrical initiator or thermal wire then burns, activating the aerosol generator within the device. The heat released by the redox reaction in the aerosol generator decomposes the chemical coolant, allowing both the aerosol generator and the coolant to jointly extinguish the fire.

[0068] Among them, its reference parameters are as follows:

[0069] Working environment temperature range: -40℃~+70℃; Spraying time: ≤15s; Oxidant name and content: Strontium nitrate, potassium nitrate 50%~58%; Protective space: 2m 3 ; Thermal initiator starting temperature: 185±10℃.

[0070] Preferably, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 utilizes a rapid-action aerosol extinguishing device model QRR0.15G / S-PFK, suitable for relatively enclosed spaces such as power distribution cabinets. When a fire occurs, upon receiving an electrical activation signal or upon igniting a thermal wire, the electrical initiator or thermal wire activates the aerosol generator within the device. The heat released by the redox reaction in the aerosol generator decomposes the chemical coolant, allowing both the aerosol generator and the coolant to jointly extinguish the fire.

[0071] Among them, its reference parameters are as follows:

[0072] Working environment temperature range: -30℃~+70℃; Spraying time: ≤15s; Spraying lag time: ≤2s; Oxidant name and content: Strontium nitrate 50%~58%; Protective space: 3m 3 ; Thermal initiator starting temperature: ≥170℃.

[0073] As shown in FIG8 , as a preferred embodiment 10, a multi-stage simple fire-fighting method for an integrated cabinet using the system in the above embodiment for fire extinguishing includes the following steps:

[0074] S1: Install the corresponding cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 in the integrated cabinet 1;

[0075] S2: The thermal wires 7 of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 in S1 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery pack box 2 in the cabinet. Each thermal wire 7 on the corresponding inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery pack box 2 in the cabinet is connected to the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 of the corresponding subsystem. Any thermal wire 7 on the corresponding inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery pack box 2 in the cabinet is the activation wire of the corresponding pack-level fire extinguishing device 5, ensuring the cluster-level fire extinguishing effect;

[0076] S3: Install the corresponding PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 on each battery PACK box 2;

[0077] S4: The thermal wires 7 of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 in S3 are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the battery PACK box 2, and each thermal wire 7 on the corresponding inner surface of the box is connected to the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 of the corresponding subsystem. Any thermal wire 7 on the corresponding inner surface of the box serves as the activation wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6, ensuring the PACK-level fire extinguishing effect;

[0078] S5: When a fire occurs, if the heat-sensitive wire 7 in S4 detects a fire, the heat-sensitive wire 7 ignites the fire extinguishing component of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6, releasing an aerosol fire extinguishing agent to fully flood the corresponding battery PACK box 2 to extinguish the fire;

[0079] S6: When a fire occurs, if the heat-sensitive wire 7 in S2 detects a fire, the heat-sensitive wire 7 ignites the fire extinguishing component of the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5, releasing the aerosol fire extinguishing agent to fully flood the corresponding integrated cabinet 1 to extinguish the fire;

[0080] There is no specific order for S5 and S6. Usually, when the battery gets out of control and catches fire, the S5 PACK level fire extinguishing comes first, and the S6 PACK level fire extinguishing comes later. However, the induction of the corresponding thermistor 7 is still the main one. In certain circumstances, whichever one senses first will be triggered first, so that the fire can be extinguished in time.

[0081] S7: The PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 in S5 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 in S6 will both generate passive switching signals when started. The passive switching signals are transmitted to the background. After receiving the passive switching signals, the background knows that a fire has occurred and dispatches personnel to deal with it urgently.

[0082] As a preferred embodiment 12, the aforementioned S4 further includes the following steps: a PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is disposed on one side of the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2, and a thermal wire 7 is disposed above the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2, so that at least one nozzle of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is aligned with the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2. Corresponding to embodiment 8, after thermal runaway of the battery cell, a large amount of combustible gas overflows from the pressure relief valve. At this time, the oxygen on the surface of the box is insufficient and the ignition point cannot be reached. The pressure relief valve is the contact point between air and combustible gas and has sufficient oxygen, so this point should be an important ignition point. In terms of layout, while adopting the S-shaped curve layout method described in embodiment 7 to increase the sensing points of the thermal wire 7, it can also be optimized to provide targeted fire extinguishing nozzles at the pressure relief valve to improve the effectiveness and speed of fire prevention and control.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment 13, S5 further includes the following steps: if the initial fire is not extinguished, the adjacent PACK-level fire extinguishing devices 6 will assist in extinguishing the initial fire point under the ignition of the heat-sensitive wire 7. In the case of medium-sized fires that are difficult to extinguish directly, the adjacent fire extinguishing devices can be used to assist in extinguishing the fire. Whenever possible, the PACK-level and cluster-level fire extinguishing devices should be activated in sequence, and not activated when not needed, to reduce costs and improve fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0084] As a preferred embodiment 14, the S7 also includes the following steps: backstage personnel can assist firefighters in making fire situation judgments based on the passive switch signal. When the passive switch signal continues to be generated after the first generation and no new passive switch signal is generated, it indicates that the fire is under control in the early stage. When new passive switch signals continue to be generated, it indicates that the fire has not been extinguished or a major accident has occurred. As an auxiliary judgment of the fire situation, it is convenient to prepare for fire control and manual inspection in advance.

Claims

1. A multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet, comprising an integrated cabinet (1), a PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5), wherein each of the integrated cabinets (1) is provided with a plurality of battery PACK boxes (2), characterized in that: The integrated cabinet (1) is provided with a cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3) for overall fire protection of the integrated cabinet (1), and each of the battery PACK boxes (2) is provided with a PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) for fire protection of a single battery PACK box (2); Each of the PACK-level fire protection subsystems (4) comprises a plurality of thermosensitive wires (7) and a corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6); the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is arranged on the corresponding battery PACK box (2), and the nozzle of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) covers the battery PACK box (2); the plurality of thermosensitive wires (7) are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the corresponding battery PACK box (2), and all the thermosensitive wires (7) on the inner surface of the battery PACK box (2) are connected to the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6), and any connected thermosensitive wire (7) is a start wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6); The cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3) comprises a plurality of thermosensitive wires (7) and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5). The cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the cabinet, and the nozzle of the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) faces into the cabinet. The plurality of thermosensitive wires (7) are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the integrated cabinet (1), and all the thermosensitive wires (7) on the inner wall of the cabinet are connected to the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5), and any connected thermosensitive wire (7) is a starting wire of the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5).

2. A multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cluster-level fire fighting subsystem (3) corresponds to the integrated cabinet (1) one by one. The thermal sensitive wires (7) of the cluster-level fire fighting subsystem (3) are evenly arranged along the edges of the integrated cabinet (1) and the outer surface of the battery PACK box (2) in the cabinet. The thermal sensitive wires (7) on the edges of the integrated cabinet (1) and the outer surface of the battery PACK box (2) in the cabinet are all activation wires of the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5).

3. A multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) corresponds one-to-one to the battery PACK box (2).

4. A multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal sensitive wire (7) of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) is arranged in an S-shaped curve on the inner surface of the battery PACK box (2). The PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is arranged in the middle of the top of the battery PACK box (2), and the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is provided with a plurality of nozzles, which spray in different directions, and the spraying range covers the entire battery PACK box (2).

5. A multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that: The PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is arranged on one side of the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box (2), and a thermal line (7) is arranged above the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box (2). The PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the plurality of nozzles spray in different directions, and the spraying range covers the entire battery PACK box (2). At least one of the plurality of nozzles is aimed at the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box (2).

6. A multi-level simple fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) are both thermal aerosol fire extinguishing devices. The heat-sensitive wire (7) ignites the fire extinguishing component after being heated and sprays a large amount of fire extinguishing agent. When the temperature is not lower than 185° C. or an open flame appears, the heat-sensitive wire (7) ignites the fire extinguishing component.

7. A firefighting method for fire extinguishing protection using a multi-stage simple firefighting system for an integrated cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Install the corresponding cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3) in the integrated cabinet (1); S2: The thermal wires (7) of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3) in S1 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box (2) in the cabinet, and each thermal wire (7) on the inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box (2) in the cabinet is connected to the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) of the corresponding subsystem, and any thermal wire (7) on the inner wall of the cabinet and the outer surface of the battery PACK box (2) in the cabinet is the starting wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6); S3: Install a corresponding PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) on each battery PACK box (2); S4: The thermal wires (7) of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) in S3 are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the battery PACK box (2), and each thermal wire (7) on the corresponding inner surface of the box is connected to the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) of the corresponding subsystem, and any thermal wire (7) on the corresponding inner surface of the box is the starting wire of the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6); S5: When a fire occurs, if the heat-sensitive wire (7) in S4 detects a fire, the heat-sensitive wire (7) ignites the fire-extinguishing component of the corresponding PACK-level fire-extinguishing device (6), releasing an aerosol fire-extinguishing agent to fully flood the corresponding battery PACK box (2) to extinguish the fire; S6: When a fire occurs, if the heat-sensitive wire (7) in S2 detects a fire, the heat-sensitive wire (7) ignites the fire-extinguishing component of the corresponding cluster-level fire-extinguishing device (5), releasing an aerosol fire-extinguishing agent to fully flood the corresponding integrated cabinet (1) to extinguish the fire; S7: The PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) in S5 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) in S6 will both generate passive switch signals when started. The passive switch signals are transmitted to the background. After receiving the passive switch signals, the background is aware of the fire and dispatches personnel to deal with it urgently.

8. A multi-stage simple fire fighting method for an integrated cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The S4 also includes the following steps: a PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is arranged on one side of the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box (2), and a thermal sensitive wire (7) is arranged above the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box (2), so that at least one of the nozzles of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is aimed at the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box (2).

9. A multi-stage simple fire fighting method for an integrated cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The S5 also includes the following steps: when the initial fire is not extinguished, the PACK-level fire extinguishing devices (6) on the adjacent two sides will assist in extinguishing the initial fire point under the ignition of the heat-sensitive wire (7).

10. A multi-stage simple fire fighting method for an integrated cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The S7 also includes the following steps: the backstage personnel can assist the firefighters in judging the fire situation according to the passive switch signal. When the passive switch signal continues to be generated after the first generation and no new passive switch signal is generated, it means that the fire is under control in the early stage. When new passive switch signals continue to be generated, it means that the fire has not been extinguished or a major accident has occurred.

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