Detection and protection apparatus for power line, electrical connection device, and electric device

Abstract

The preset application discloses a detection and protection apparatus for a power line, an electrical connection device, and an electric device. The detection and protection apparatus comprises a switch module (210), an electric leakage detection module (220), an open-circuit detection module (230), and a trigger module (240). The electric leakage detection module (220) comprises a first shield conductor structure (221) and a second shield conductor structure (222); the first shield conductor structure (221) comprises a first end close to an input end of the power line, a second end close to an output end of the power line, and a third end located between the first end and the second end; the second shield conductor structure (222) comprises a fourth end close to the input end, a fifth end close to the output end, and a sixth end located between the fourth end and the fifth end; the third end is connected to the sixth end; the open-circuit detection module (230) is connected to the first end, the second end, the fourth end, and the fifth end; and the trigger module (240) comprises a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit.

Description

Power line detection and protection device, electrical connection equipment and electrical equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent applications with application number 202311621697.X filed on November 29, 2023, entitled “Detection and protection device, electrical connection device and electrical equipment for power cord”, application number 202410590987.0 filed on May 13, 2024, entitled “Detection and protection device, electrical connection device and electrical equipment for power cord”, and application number 202421037193.3 filed on May 13, 2024, entitled “Detection and protection device, electrical connection device and electrical equipment for power cord”. The entire contents of the above patents are incorporated into this application by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of electrical technology, and in particular to a detection and protection device for a power line, an electrical connection device, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0004] A leakage circuit detector interrupter (LCDI) is a power connection device for electrical appliances. It detects leakage current in the power cord through a leakage current detection line and, when a certain leakage current is detected, disconnects the appliance from the power supply, ensuring safe use. In recent years, leakage current detection circuit breakers have not only required leakage current detection through the leakage current detection line, but have also introduced higher safety detection requirements, such as the need to detect whether the leakage current detection line is open.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to at least partially solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to this end provide a power line detection and protection device, an electrical connection device and an electrical device.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a detection and protection device for a power line, wherein the power line includes a first current-carrying line and a second current-carrying line, and the detection and protection device includes: a switch module, a leakage detection module, an open circuit detection module, and a trigger module, wherein:

[0008] The switch module is used to control the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line;

[0009] The leakage detection module includes a first shielded conductor structure covering the first current-carrying line and a second shielded conductor structure covering the second current-carrying line; the first shielded conductor structure is used to collect the leakage signal of the first current-carrying line, and the second shielded conductor structure is used to collect the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line; the first shielded conductor structure includes a first end close to the input end of the power line, a second end close to the output end of the power line, and a third end located between the first end and the second end; the second shielded conductor structure includes a fourth end close to the input end, a fifth end close to the output end, and a sixth end located between the fourth end and the fifth end; the third end and the sixth end are connected;

[0010] The open circuit detection module is connected to the first end, the second end, the fourth end, and the fifth end, respectively, and the open circuit detection module is configured to generate an open circuit signal when at least a portion of the first shielded conductor structure and / or the second shielded conductor structure is open circuit; and

[0011] The trigger module includes a third switch unit connected to the open circuit detection module and a fourth switch unit connected to the first shielded conductor structure and / or the second shielded conductor structure. The fourth switch unit is connected to the third switch unit and transmits the leakage signal to the third switch unit when it is turned on. The third switch unit is configured to receive the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal and drive the switch module to disconnect the power connection in response to the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switching unit includes a third transistor and a fourteenth resistor and a fifteenth resistor connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the connection point of the fourteenth resistor and the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure, and the collector of the third transistor is connected to the third switching unit.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switching unit also includes a third diode, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the cathode of the third diode, and the anode of the third diode is connected to any one of the following: the first end; the second end; the third end; the fourth end; the fifth end; and the sixth end.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the open circuit detection module includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit; one end of the first switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit, and the open circuit detection module also includes a first bias unit for providing a switch conduction signal to the first switch unit, one end of the first bias unit is connected to the first end, and the other end is connected to the fourth end; one end of the second switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit, and the open circuit detection module also includes a second bias unit for providing a switch conduction signal to the second switch unit, one end of the second bias unit is connected to the second end, and the other end is connected to the fifth end.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first bias unit is configured to: when any part of the first shielded conductor structure and the second shielded conductor structure between the first end and the fourth end is open-circuited, provide a switch-on signal to the first switch unit to turn on the first switch unit, so that the first switch unit sends an open-circuit signal to the third switch unit; the second bias unit is configured to: when any part of the first shielded conductor structure and the second shielded conductor structure between the second end and the fifth end is open-circuited, provide a switch-on signal to the second switch unit to turn on the second switch unit, so that the second switch unit sends an open-circuit signal to the third switch unit.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first switching unit includes a first transistor, the first bias unit includes a first resistor, and the open circuit detection module also includes a second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the first end, the emitter of the first transistor and one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected to one of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the fourth end, the base of the first transistor and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the other of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the third switching unit.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second switching unit includes a second transistor, the second bias unit includes a fourth resistor, and the open circuit detection module also includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end, the emitter of the second transistor and one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fifth end, the base of the second transistor and one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the other of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the third switching unit.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the open circuit detection module includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit; one end of the first switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit, and the open circuit detection module also includes a first bias unit for providing a switch conduction signal to the first switch unit, one end of the first bias unit is connected to the first end, and the other end is connected to the fifth end; one end of the second switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit, and the open circuit detection module also includes a second bias unit for providing a switch conduction signal to the second switch unit, one end of the second bias unit is connected to the second end, and the other end is connected to the fourth end.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the trigger module further includes a trip coil for generating electromagnetic force to drive the switch module to disconnect the power connection, and the trip coil and the third switch unit are connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the third switching unit includes a thyristor, and the trigger module also includes a seventh resistor. The control electrode of the thyristor is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor, the collector of the third transistor and the open circuit detection module, the other end of the seventh resistor and the cathode of the thyristor are connected to the first current-carrying line, and the anode of the thyristor is connected to the second current-carrying line through the tripping coil.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the trigger module further includes a first capacitor connected in parallel with the seventh resistor.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the trigger module also includes a first diode and a second diode, the other end of the seventh resistor and the cathode of the thyristor are connected to the anode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first current-carrying line, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the connection point between the thyristor and the tripping coil.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection and protection device provided further includes a leakage simulation module, which includes a first test switch, one end of which is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the leakage simulation module also includes an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, the other end of the first test switch is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor, and the other end of the eighth resistor and the other end of the ninth resistor are respectively connected to two of the first end, the second end, the third end, the fourth end, the fifth end and the sixth end.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection and protection device further includes a second test switch, one end of which is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end of which is connected to the control pin of the third switch unit.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection and protection device provided also includes a leakage simulation module, which includes a third test switch and a sixteenth resistor. One end of the third test switch is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure through the sixteenth resistor. The sixteenth resistor is configured to: when the third test switch is pressed and the open circuit detection module fails, adjust the potential of the emitter of the third transistor to make the third transistor non-conductive.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first switching unit includes a first transistor, the first biasing unit includes a first resistor and a seventeenth resistor; the second switching unit includes a second transistor, the second biasing unit includes a fourth resistor and an eighteenth resistor; the open circuit detection module further includes a second resistor, a third resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; the emitter of the first transistor is connected to one end of the first resistor, the first end, and one end of the second resistor, the base of the first transistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and one end of the seventeenth resistor, the other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the fourth end and one end of the third resistor; the emitter of the second transistor is connected to connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the second end, and one end of the fifth resistor, the base of the second transistor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor and one end of the eighteenth resistor, the other end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to the fifth end and one end of the sixth resistor; the other end of the second resistor is connected together with the other end of the fifth resistor and connected to one of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the other end of the third resistor is connected together with the other end of the sixth resistor and connected to the other of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the collector of the first transistor is connected together with the collector of the second transistor and connected to the third switching unit.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switching unit includes a third transistor and a fourteenth resistor and a fifteenth resistor connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the connection point of the fourteenth resistor and the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure, and the collector of the third transistor is connected to the third switching unit.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection and protection device provided further includes a leakage simulation module, which includes a third test switch, one end of the third test switch being connected to a connection point between the second resistor and the fifth resistor, and the other end of the third test switch being connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present application, the leakage simulation module also includes a sixteenth resistor, the other end of the third test switch is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the third end; the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the sixth end; the sixteenth resistor is configured to: when the third test switch is pressed and the open circuit detection module fails, adjust the potential of the emitter of the third transistor so that the third transistor is not conductive.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection protection device provided further includes a leakage simulation module; the open circuit detection module includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first voltage divider unit and a second voltage divider unit; the first voltage divider unit includes a second resistor, a first resistor, a seventeenth resistor and a third resistor connected in series in sequence, and the second voltage divider unit includes a fifth resistor, a fourth resistor, an eighteenth resistor and a sixth resistor connected in series in sequence; the connection point between the second resistor and the first resistor is connected to the first end and the emitter of the first transistor; the connection point between the first resistor and the seventeenth resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor; the connection point between the seventeenth resistor and the third resistor is connected to the fourth end; the connection point between the fifth resistor and the fourth resistor is connected to the second end and the emitter of the second transistor; the connection point between the fourth resistor and the eighteenth resistor is connected to the base of the second transistor; The connection point of the eighteenth resistor and the sixth resistor is connected to the fifth end; the second resistor and the fifth resistor are connected together and connected to the second current-carrying line, and the third resistor and the sixth resistor are connected together and connected to the first current-carrying line; the fourth switch unit includes a third transistor and a fourteenth resistor and a fifteenth resistor connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the connection point of the fourteenth resistor and the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the sixth end, and the collector of the third transistor is connected to the third switch unit; the leakage simulation module includes a third test switch and a sixteenth resistor; one end of the third test switch is connected to the connection point of the second resistor and the fifth resistor, the other end of the third test switch is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the third end.

[0032] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical connection device, comprising the detection and protection device, a shell and the power cord as described in the embodiment of the first aspect above, the power cord is connected to the shell, and the switch module, the open circuit detection module and the trigger module are arranged in the shell.

[0033] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a load device and the electrical connection device as described in the embodiment of the second aspect above, wherein the output end of the power line is connected to the load device.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present application. The purposes and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0036] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0037] FIG1 is a block diagram of the module principle of the detection and protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG2 is a circuit diagram of a detection and protection device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG3 is a circuit diagram of a detection and protection device provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG4 is a circuit diagram of a detection and protection device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG5 is a circuit diagram of a detection and protection device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG6 is a circuit diagram of a detection and protection device provided in yet another embodiment 5 of the present application;

[0043] 7 is a schematic diagram of a conductive path on the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure when the portion of the first shielding conductor structure between the first end and the third end is open in the detection and protection device shown in FIG. 2 ;

[0044] 8 is a schematic diagram of the conductive path on the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure when the portion of the first shielding conductor structure between the second end and the third end is open in the detection and protection device shown in FIG. 2 ;

[0045] 9 is a schematic diagram of a conductive path on the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure when the connecting conductor between the third end and the sixth end of the detection and protection device shown in FIG. 2 is open;

[0046] 10 is a schematic diagram of the conductive path on the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure when the portion of the second shielding conductor structure between the fourth end and the sixth end is open in the detection and protection device shown in FIG. 2 ;

[0047] 11 is a schematic diagram of the conductive path on the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure when the portion of the second shielding conductor structure between the fifth end and the sixth end is open in the detection and protection device shown in FIG. 2 ;

[0048] FIG12 is a circuit diagram of a detection and protection device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG13 is a circuit diagram of a detection and protection device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application; and

[0050] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical connection device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] This section will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of this application, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. "At least one" means one or more, "at least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. If "first," "second," or the like is used in the description, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and is not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "dispose," "install," and "connect" in the embodiments of this application should be interpreted broadly. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific content of the technical solution. For example, the term "connect" can refer to mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; it can refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary.

[0054] It should be noted that the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0055] A leakage current detection circuit breaker (LCDI) is a power connection device for electrical appliances that can detect the leakage current of a power cord group through a leakage current detection line, and cut off the power connection of the appliance when a certain leakage current is detected, ensuring safe use. In recent years, in addition to the need to detect the leakage current of the power cord through the leakage current detection line, leakage current detection circuit breakers have also put forward higher safety detection requirements, such as the need to detect whether the leakage current detection line has an open circuit. At present, in the detection and protection device of the power cord, when performing leakage detection and open circuit detection of the leakage current detection line, the leakage current detection line of the power cord is generally connected in series by multiple leakage current detection lines, in series by a return line and the leakage current detection line, or in parallel by multiple leakage current detection lines. The method of constructing the detection path is relatively limited, and the flexibility and safety of the detection are insufficient.

[0056] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a power line detection and protection device, an electrical connection device and an electrical device, which can enrich the feasibility and flexibility of leakage detection and shielding structure open circuit detection of the power line, and is conducive to improving the power supply safety of the power line.

[0057] The embodiments of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 is a block diagram of the module principle of the detection and protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a circuit principle diagram of the detection and protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the present application provides a detection and protection device for a power line, wherein the power line includes a first current-carrying line 110 and a second current-carrying line 120.

[0059] It is understood that when the power line supplies power to an electrical device using two-phase AC power, one of the following two situations can be true: the first current-carrying line 110 is the live wire L, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the neutral wire N; the first current-carrying line 110 is the neutral wire N, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the live wire L. When the power line supplies power to an electrical device using three-phase AC power, one of the following three situations can be true: the first current-carrying line 110 is the live wire L1, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the neutral wire N; the first current-carrying line 110 is the neutral wire N, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the live wire L1; the first current-carrying line 110 is the live wire L1, and the second current-carrying line 120 is the live wire L2. The following uses the case where the first current-carrying line 110 is the live wire L and the second current-carrying line 120 is the neutral wire N as an example for explanation; the remaining situations are similarly applicable.

[0060] The detection and protection device includes a switch module 210, a leakage detection module 220, an open circuit detection module 230 and a trigger module 240, wherein:

[0061] The switch module 210 is used to control the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line; as shown in Figure 2, the switch module 210 is provided with a switch terminal on the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. When the switch terminal of the switch module 210 is closed, the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line is connected; when the switch terminal of the switch module 210 is opened, the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line is disconnected.

[0062] The leakage detection module 220 includes a first shielded conductor structure 221 covering the first current-carrying line 110 and a second shielded conductor structure 222 covering the second current-carrying line 120; the first shielded conductor structure 221 is used to collect the leakage signal of the first current-carrying line 110, and the second shielded conductor structure 222 is used to collect the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line 120; the first shielded conductor structure 221 includes a first end a close to the input end of the power line, a second end b close to the output end of the power line, and a third end c located between the first end a and the second end b; the second shielded conductor structure 222 includes a fourth end d close to the input end, a fifth end e close to the output end, and a third end c located between the fourth end d and the fifth end e. The sixth end f; the third end c is connected to the sixth end f; it can be understood that the first shielding conductor structure 221 in the leakage detection module 220 covers the first current-carrying line 110 so that the leakage signal of the first current-carrying line 110 can be collected, and the second shielding conductor structure 222 in the leakage detection module 220 covers the second current-carrying line 120 so that the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line 120 can be collected. On this basis, by connecting the third end c in the middle of the first shielding conductor structure 221 with the sixth end f in the second shielding conductor structure 222, there is a connection point between the shielding conductor structures of the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120, and the two shielding conductor structures are no longer independent and separate.

[0063] The open circuit detection module 230 is respectively connected to the first end a, the second end b, the fourth end d and the fifth end e. The open circuit detection module 230 is configured to generate an open circuit signal when at least a portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and / or the second shielding conductor structure 222 is open circuited. It can be understood that the open circuit detection module 230 is respectively connected to the first end a and the second end b of the first shielding conductor structure 221, the fourth end d and the fifth end e of the second shielding conductor structure 222, so that the open circuit detection module 230 can simultaneously perform open circuit detection on multiple different detection paths, for example, from the first end a of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, and then to the sixth end of the second shielding conductor structure 222. f, and finally to the fourth end d of the second shielding conductor structure 222; the detection path from the first end a of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, then to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and finally to the fifth end e of the second shielding conductor structure 222; the detection path from the second end b of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, then to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and finally to the fourth end d of the second shielding conductor structure 222; the detection path from the second end b of the first shielding conductor structure 221 to the third end c, then to the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, and finally to the fifth end e of the second shielding conductor structure 222.

[0064] The trigger module 240 includes a third switch unit 241 connected to the open circuit detection module 230 and a fourth switch unit 242 connected to the first shielded conductor structure and / or the second shielded conductor structure. The fourth switch unit 242 is connected to the third switch unit 241 and transmits the leakage signal to the third switch unit 241 when it is turned on. The third switch unit 241 is configured to receive the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal and drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection in response to the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal.

[0065] According to the detection and protection device for a power line provided in an embodiment of the present application, the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module can receive an open circuit signal by being directly connected to the open circuit detection module 230. The third switch unit 241 is also indirectly connected through the fourth switch unit 242 so that it can receive a leakage signal when the fourth switch unit 242 is turned on. The third switch unit 241 can drive the switch module to disconnect the power connection when leakage occurs in the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, or when at least a part of the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure is open, thereby ensuring the power supply safety of the power line; in the detection and protection device for the power line of this embodiment, the first shielding conductor structure and the second shielding conductor structure formed with multiple detection segments can be combined, so that a shielding network with multiple different detection paths can be constructed, which greatly enriches the feasibility and flexibility of leakage detection and shielding structure open circuit detection of the power line, and is conducive to improving the power supply safety of the power line.

[0066] 2 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switch unit 242 includes a third transistor Q3 and a fourteenth resistor R14 and a fifteenth resistor R15 connected in series between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. The connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q3. The emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure. The collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third switch unit 241. It should be noted that the collector of the third transistor Q3 can be directly connected to the third switch unit 241 or indirectly connected to the third switch unit 241. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the fourth switch unit 242 further includes an eleventh resistor R11. The collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third switch unit 241 via the eleventh resistor R11.

[0067] In this embodiment, the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15 are connected in series between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120, and a divided voltage is provided to the base of the third transistor Q3 via the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15. When the voltage of the leakage signal received by the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is greater than the divided voltage of the base, the emitter junction of the third transistor Q3 is forward biased and turned on, thereby transmitting the leakage signal to the third switch unit 241 via the collector of the third transistor Q3.

[0068] It can be understood that since the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 have been connected together through the third end c of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, when there is no short circuit between the first shielding conductor structure 221, the second shielding conductor structure 222 and the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, the emitter of the third transistor Q3 only needs to be connected to any point in the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222, and the leakage signal detected at any other position of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 can be transmitted to the emitter of the third transistor Q3.

[0069] In the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switch unit 242 also includes a third diode D3, the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to any one of the following: the first end a; the second end b; the third end c; the fourth end d; the fifth end e; and the sixth end f.

[0070] It is understandable that by providing the third diode D3 between the emitter of the third transistor Q3 and the leakage detection module 220 , the leakage signal detected by the leakage detection module 220 can flow unidirectionally to the emitter of the third transistor Q3 .

[0071] In addition, the first end a, the second end b and the third end c are connection points that have been led out on the first shielding conductor structure 221, and the fourth end d, the fifth end e and the sixth end f are connection points that have been led out on the second shielding conductor structure 222. Therefore, the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to any one of the above six ends, which has the advantage of convenient wiring.

[0072] 2 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the open circuit detection module 230 includes a first switch unit 231 and a second switch unit 232 ;

[0073] One end of the first switch unit 231 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit 241. The open circuit detection module 230 further includes a first bias unit for providing a switch-on signal to the first switch unit 231. One end of the first bias unit is connected to the first end a, and the other end is connected to the fourth end d.

[0074] One end of the second switch unit 232 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit 241. The open circuit detection module 230 also includes a second bias unit for providing a conduction switching signal to the second switch unit 232. One end of the second bias unit is connected to the second end b, and the other end is connected to the fifth end e.

[0075] In this embodiment, since the two ends of the first bias unit are respectively connected to the first end a and the fourth end d, and the first end a and the fourth end d are short-circuited by the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the first end a and the third end c, the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, and the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fourth end d, the two ends of the first bias unit are short-circuited, and the switch-on signal cannot be provided to the first switch unit 231; similarly, since the two ends of the second bias unit are respectively connected to the second end b and the fifth end e, and the second end b and the fifth end e are short-circuited by the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the second end b and the third end c, the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, and the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fifth end e, the two ends of the second bias unit are short-circuited, and the switch-on signal cannot be provided to the second switch unit 232.

[0076] 2 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the first bias unit is configured to: when any part of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 between the first end a and the fourth end d is open-circuited, provide a switch-on signal to the first switch unit 231 to turn on the first switch unit 231, so that the first switch unit 231 sends an open-circuit signal to the third switch unit 241; the second bias unit is configured to: when any part of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 between the second end b and the fifth end e is open-circuited, provide a switch-on signal to the second switch unit 232 to turn on the second switch unit 232, so that the second switch unit 232 sends an open-circuit signal to the third switch unit 241.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when any part of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the first end a and the fourth end d is open-circuited, that is, when the part of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the first end a and the third end c is open-circuited, or when the part of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the sixth end f and the fourth end d is open-circuited, the two ends of the first bias unit will no longer be short-circuited, so that a switch-on signal can be provided to the first switch unit 231, so that the first switch unit 231 is turned on and then, under the action of the electric energy provided by the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120, the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240 is triggered. Similarly, when any part of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 between the second end b and the fifth end e is open-circuited, that is, when the part of the first shielded conductor structure 221 between the second end b and the third end c is open-circuited, or when the part of the second shielded conductor structure 222 between the sixth end f and the fifth end e is open-circuited, the two ends of the second bias unit will no longer be short-circuited, so that a switch conduction signal can be provided to the second switch unit 232, so that the second switch unit 232 is turned on and then sends an open-circuit signal to the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240 under the action of the electric energy provided by the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120. It should also be noted that when the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f is disconnected, the first end a and the fourth end d, and the second end b and the fifth end e will no longer be short-circuited, that is, the two ends of the first bias unit and the two ends of the second bias unit will no longer be short-circuited, so that the switch conduction signal can be provided to the first switch unit 231 and the second switch unit 232 at the same time, thereby causing the first switch unit 231 and the second switch unit 232 to simultaneously send an open circuit signal to the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240.

[0078] 2 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the first switch unit 231 includes a first transistor Q1, the first bias unit includes a first resistor R1, and the open circuit detection module 230 further includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end a, the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and one end of the second resistor R2. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second current-carrying line 120. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the fourth end d, the base of the first transistor Q1, and one end of the third resistor R3. The other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110. The collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the third switch unit 241. It is understood that the collector of the first transistor Q1 can be directly connected to the control pin of the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240, or it can be indirectly connected to the control pin of the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the control pin of the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240 via the tenth resistor R10.

[0079] In this embodiment, the two ends of the first resistor R1 are respectively connected to the first end a and the fourth end d, thereby being short-circuited. The first resistor R1 does not bear voltage division, so that the emitter and the base of the first transistor Q1 are equipotential points. The first resistor R1 does not provide a bias voltage to the emitter junction of the first transistor Q1, and the first transistor Q1 cannot be turned on; when the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the first end a and the third end c is open, or when the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fourth end d is open, or when the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f is disconnected, the two ends of the first resistor R1 will no longer be short-circuited and can bear voltage division, thereby providing a bias voltage to the emitter junction of the first transistor Q1 to turn on the first transistor Q1.

[0080] It should be noted that the trigger module 240 shown in FIG2 further includes a trip coil Lx and a first diode D1. The end of the second resistor R2 connected to the second current-carrying line 120 is not directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120, but is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx. It is understood that in other embodiments, the end of the second resistor R2 connected to the second current-carrying line 120 can also be directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120, without being connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx. Similarly, the end of the third resistor R3 connected to the first current-carrying line 110 is not directly connected to the first current-carrying line 110, but is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via the first diode D1. It is understood that in other embodiments, the end of the third resistor R3 connected to the first current-carrying line 110 can also be directly connected to the first current-carrying line 110, without being connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via the first diode D1.

[0081] 2 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the second switch unit 232 includes a second transistor Q2, the second bias unit includes a fourth resistor R4, and the open circuit detection module 230 further includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6. One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end b, the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and one end of the fifth resistor R5. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second current-carrying line 120. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the fifth end e, the base of the second transistor Q2, and one end of the sixth resistor R6. The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110. The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the third switch unit 241. It is understood that the collector of the second transistor Q2 can be directly connected to the control pin of the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240, or can be indirectly connected to the control pin of the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the control pin of the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240 via the tenth resistor R10.

[0082] In this embodiment, the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are respectively connected to the second end b and the fifth end e, thereby being short-circuited. The fourth resistor R4 does not bear voltage division, so that the emitter and the base of the second transistor Q2 are equipotential points. The fourth resistor R4 does not provide a bias voltage to the emitter junction of the second transistor Q2, and the second transistor Q2 cannot be turned on; when the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the second end b and the third end c is open, or when the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fifth end e is open, or when the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f is disconnected, the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 will no longer be short-circuited and can bear voltage division, thereby providing a bias voltage to the emitter junction of the second transistor Q2 to turn on the second transistor Q2.

[0083] It should be noted that the trigger module 240 shown in FIG2 further includes a trip coil Lx and a first diode D1. The end of the fifth resistor R5 connected to the second current-carrying line 120 is not directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120, but is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx. It is understood that in other embodiments, the end of the fifth resistor R5 connected to the second current-carrying line 120 can also be directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120, without being connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx. Similarly, the end of the sixth resistor R6 connected to the first current-carrying line 110 is not directly connected to the first current-carrying line 110, but is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via the first diode D1. It is understood that in other embodiments, the end of the sixth resistor R6 connected to the first current-carrying line 110 can also be directly connected to the first current-carrying line 110, without being connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via the first diode D1.

[0084] In addition, it can be understood that in the embodiment of FIG. 2 , one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the fifth resistor R5 are connected together and then connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx, and one end of the third resistor R3 and one end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via the first diode D1. In some other embodiments, one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the fifth resistor R5 are connected together and then connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via the trip coil Lx, and one end of the third resistor R3 and one end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the first diode D1.

[0085] In another embodiment of the present application that is different from the embodiment shown in FIG2 , the open circuit detection module 230 includes a first switch unit 231 and a second switch unit 232 ; the trigger module 240 includes a trip coil Lx and a first diode D1 ;

[0086] One end of the first switch unit 231 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit 241. The open circuit detection module 230 further includes a first bias unit for providing a switch-on signal to the first switch unit 231, one end of the first bias unit is connected to the first end a, and the other end is connected to the fifth end e. Specifically, referring to FIG3 , the first switch unit 231 includes a first transistor Q1, the first bias unit includes a first resistor R1, and the first switch unit 231 further includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and the first end a, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, the base of the first transistor Q1, and the fifth end e. The collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via the first diode D1.

[0087] One end of the second switch unit 232 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit 241. The open circuit detection module 230 further includes a second bias unit for providing a conduction switching signal to the second switch unit 232. One end of the second bias unit is connected to the second end b, and the other end is connected to the fourth end d. Specifically, the second switch unit 232 includes a second transistor Q2, the second bias unit includes a fourth resistor R4, and the second switch unit 232 further includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6. One end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via a trip coil Lx, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the emitter of the second transistor Q2, and the second end b. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the base of the second transistor Q2, and the fourth end d. The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the third switch unit 241 in the trigger module 240, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 via a first diode D1.

[0088] It can be understood that the embodiment shown in Figure 3 has the same principle as the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the difference is that in Figure 3, the two ends of the first resistor R1 are short-circuited by the part of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the first end a and the third end c, the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, and the part of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fifth end d; the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are short-circuited by the part of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the second end b and the third end c, the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, and the part of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fourth end d.

[0089] In the detection and protection devices provided in some embodiments of the present application, the trigger module 240 further includes a trip coil Lx for generating an electromagnetic force to drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection. The trip coil Lx is connected in series with the third switch unit 241 between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. Specifically, referring to FIG. 2 , the third switch unit 241 includes a thyristor Q4. The trigger module 240 further includes a seventh resistor R7. The control electrode of the thyristor Q4 is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, the collector of the third transistor Q3, and the open circuit detection module 230. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 and the cathode of the thyristor Q4 are connected to the first current-carrying line 110. The anode of the thyristor Q4 is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx.

[0090] It should be noted that the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 can be directly connected to the open circuit detection module 230 to obtain an open circuit signal, or it can be indirectly connected to the open circuit detection module 230. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the trigger module 240 also includes a tenth resistor R10, and the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 is indirectly connected to the open circuit detection module 230 through the tenth resistor R10.

[0091] It should also be noted that when the end of the seventh resistor R7 connected to the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 receives an open circuit signal or a leakage signal, a voltage will be generated across the two ends of the seventh resistor R7 and provided to the base and cathode of the thyristor Q4, that is, a switch-on signal is provided to the thyristor Q4, causing the thyristor Q4 to turn on, thereby energizing the trip coil Lx to generate electromagnetic force to drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0092] 2 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the trigger module 240 further includes a first capacitor C1 connected in parallel with the seventh resistor R7 .

[0093] It can be understood that when the first current-carrying line 110 is the live line L and the second current-carrying line 120 is the neutral line N, even if the end of the seventh resistor R7 connected to the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 receives an open-circuit signal or a leakage signal, the thyristor Q4 needs to be turned on during the negative half cycle of the AC power supply. Therefore, a first capacitor C1 is provided in parallel with the seventh resistor R7. When an open-circuit signal or a leakage signal is received during the positive half cycle of the AC power supply, the first capacitor C1 can be charged, thereby increasing the potential of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4, and the thyristor Q4 can be triggered to turn on during the negative half cycle of the AC power supply.

[0094] 2 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the trigger module 240 further includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 and the cathode of the thyristor Q4 are connected to the anode of the first diode D1 and the anode of the second diode D2. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the connection point between the thyristor Q4 and the trip coil Lx.

[0095] 2 , the detection and protection devices provided in some embodiments of the present application further include a leakage simulation module 250. The leakage simulation module 250 includes a first test switch TEST1. One end of the first test switch TEST1 is connected to the second current-carrying line 120, and the other end is connected to the first shielding conductor structure 221 and / or the second shielding conductor structure 222. Preferably, the other end of the first test switch TEST1 is connected to one of the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e, and the sixth end f.

[0096] It can be understood that when the first test switch TEST1 is pressed, the first test switch TEST1 connects the second current-carrying line 120 to the first shielding conductor structure 221 or the second shielding conductor structure 222, that is, the leakage signal of the simulated second current-carrying line 120 is transmitted to the first shielding conductor structure 221 or the second shielding conductor structure 222, so as to test whether the leakage detection function of the detection protection device is intact.

[0097] It is also understood that, in the embodiment of FIG2 , one end of the first test switch TEST1 is not directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120, but is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx. In other embodiments, one end of the first test switch TEST1 may also be changed to be directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120.

[0098] In addition, one end of the first test switch TEST1 may also be directly or indirectly connected to the first current-carrying line 110 instead of being connected to the second current-carrying line 120 .

[0099] 3 and 4 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the leakage simulation module 250 further includes an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9, the other end of the first test switch TEST1 is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8 and one end of the ninth resistor R9, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 are respectively connected to two of the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e and the sixth end f.

[0100] It is understandable that when the first test switch TEST1 is pressed, the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line 120 can be simulated and transmitted to two positions in the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222, thereby testing whether the leakage detection function of the detection protection device is intact.

[0101] Similarly, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , one end of the first test switch TEST1 may also be directly or indirectly connected to the first current-carrying line 110 instead of being connected to the second current-carrying line 120 .

[0102] 5 , the detection and protection device provided according to some embodiments of the present application further includes a second test switch TEST2, one end of the second test switch TEST2 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120, and the other end is connected to the control pin of the third switch unit 241, that is, connected to the control electrode of the thyristor Q4.

[0103] When the second test switch TEST2 is pressed, the second current-carrying line 120 directly provides a conduction control signal to the control electrode of the thyristor Q4, and the analog trigger module 240 receives a leakage signal or an open circuit signal, thereby testing whether the trigger module 240 and the switch module 210 can work normally.

[0104] 6 , the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application further includes a leakage simulation module 250. The leakage simulation module 250 includes a third test switch TEST3 and a sixteenth resistor R16. One end of the third test switch TEST3 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120, and the other end is connected to the first shielding conductor structure 221 and / or the second shielding conductor structure 222 through the sixteenth resistor R16. The sixteenth resistor R16 is configured to: when the third test switch TEST3 is pressed and the open circuit detection module 230 fails, adjust the potential of the emitter of the third transistor Q3 so that the third transistor Q3 is not conductive.

[0105] In this embodiment, for the third transistor Q3, its collector is connected to the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 through the eleventh resistor R11, its base is connected to the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15, and its emitter is connected to any one of the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e, and the sixth end f through the third diode D3. When the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 in the leakage detection module 220 are not open-circuited, the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e, and the sixth end f are all equipotential points, and their potentials are determined by the series voltage division of the first equivalent resistance of the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5 in parallel and the second equivalent resistance of the third resistor R3 and the sixth resistor R6 in parallel. When the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 are not open-circuited, the potential is lower than the potential of the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15, and the third transistor Q3 will not be turned on. When the third test switch TEST3 is pressed, the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5, thereby reducing the first equivalent resistance. This causes the potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 to increase to a level greater than the potential at the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15. This in turn causes the third transistor Q3 to turn on, thereby increasing the voltage at the control electrode of the thyristor Q4. When the AC power supply enters the negative half-cycle, that is, when the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 turns on, forming a strong current path from the second current-carrying line 120 to the tripping coil Lx, the thyristor Q4, the first diode D1, and the first current-carrying line 110. The tripping coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output ends of the power line. When an open circuit fault occurs in the second resistor R2 or the fifth resistor R5 of the open circuit detection module 230, the first equivalent resistance increases, and the potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 decreases. At this time, pressing the third test switch TEST3 causes the potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 to rise again. However, by properly configuring the resistance value of the sixteenth resistor R16, the degree of rise in the potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 does not increase too much, and pressing the third test switch TEST3 is insufficient to turn on the third transistor Q3. Therefore, when a fault occurs in the open circuit detection module 230, the user presses the third test switch TEST3 to perform a test, and the third transistor Q3 does not turn on. The trip coil Lx does not drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection. At this time, the user can determine that the detection and protection device has an abnormality.

[0106] It is also understood that in the embodiment of FIG6 , one end of the third test switch TEST3 is not directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120, but is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx. In other embodiments, one end of the third test switch TEST3 may also be changed to be directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120. In addition, one end of the third test switch TEST3 may also be directly or indirectly connected to the first current-carrying line 110 instead of being connected to the second current-carrying line 120.

[0107] In addition, in the embodiments shown in Figures 2 to 6, the detection and protection device further includes an LED indicator unit 260 connected in parallel with the thyristor Q4. The LED indicator unit 260 includes a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, and a light-emitting diode LED1 connected in series. The connection point between the thyristor Q4 and the trip coil Lx is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor R13. The other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12. The other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode LED1. The cathode of the light-emitting diode LED1 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first current-carrying line 110.

[0108] Furthermore, the detection and protection device also includes a lightning protection unit 270, which includes a first varistor ZR1 disposed between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. The trigger module 240 also includes a second varistor ZR2 connected in parallel with the thyristor Q4. It is understood that a varistor is a resistor device with a nonlinear volt-ampere characteristic, primarily used to clamp voltage when a circuit is subjected to overvoltage, absorbing excess current to protect sensitive components.

[0109] Below, the operation of the detection and protection device provided in the embodiment of the present application under various leakage and open circuit conditions is described using the embodiment shown in FIG2 :

[0110] 1. When the leakage signal of the first current-carrying line 110 is transmitted to the first shielding conductor structure 221:

[0111] After the first shielding conductor structure 221 obtains the leakage signal, the third transistor Q3 is turned on, forming a conductive path of the first current-carrying line 110 - the first shielding conductor structure 221 - the third diode D3 - the third transistor Q3 - the eleventh resistor R11 - the seventh resistor R7 - the second diode D2 - the tripping coil Lx - the second current-carrying line 120;

[0112] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0113] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0114] 2. When the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line 120 is transmitted to the second shielding conductor structure 222:

[0115] After the second shielding conductor structure 222 obtains the leakage signal, the third transistor Q3 is turned on, forming a conduction path of the second current-carrying line 120 - the second shielding conductor structure 222 - the third diode D3 - the third transistor Q3 - the eleventh resistor R11 - the seventh resistor R7 - the first diode D1 - the first current-carrying line 110;

[0116] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0117] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0118] 3. When the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the first end a and the third end c is open:

[0119] The short-circuit path between the first end a and the fourth end d is disconnected, and the two ends of the first resistor R1 are no longer short-circuited; the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are still short-circuited. As shown by the arrows in FIG7 , the fourth resistor R4 is short-circuited by the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e. It should be noted that the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d exists simultaneously.

[0120] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first resistor R1 - third resistor R3 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0121] The first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first transistor Q1 - tenth resistor R10 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0122] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0123] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0124] 4. When the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the second end b and the third end c is open:

[0125] The short-circuit path between the second end b and the fifth end e is disconnected, and the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are no longer short-circuited; the two ends of the first resistor R1 are still short-circuited. As shown by the arrows in FIG8 , the first resistor R1 is short-circuited by the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d. It should be noted that the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e exists simultaneously.

[0126] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - fourth resistor R4 - sixth resistor R6 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0127] The second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the first transistor Q1 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - second transistor Q2 - tenth resistor R10 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0128] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0129] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0130] 5. When the connecting conductor between the third terminal c and the sixth terminal f is open:

[0131] The short-circuit path between the first end a and the fourth end d is disconnected, and the two ends of the first resistor R1 are no longer short-circuited; the short-circuit path between the second end b and the fifth end e is disconnected, and the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are no longer short-circuited, as shown in FIG9 ;

[0132] Forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first resistor R1 - third resistor R3 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110, and forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - fourth resistor R4 - sixth resistor R6 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0133] The first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are both turned on; forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - the tripping coil Lx - the second resistor R2 - the first transistor Q1 - the tenth resistor R10 - the seventh resistor R7 - the first diode D1 - the first current-carrying line 110, and forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - the tripping coil Lx - the fifth resistor R5 - the second transistor Q2 - the tenth resistor R10 - the seventh resistor R7 - the first diode D1 - the first current-carrying line 110;

[0134] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0135] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0136] 6. When the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the fourth end d and the sixth end f is open:

[0137] The short-circuit path between the first end a and the fourth end d is disconnected, and the two ends of the first resistor R1 are no longer short-circuited; the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are still short-circuited. As shown by the arrows in FIG10 , the fourth resistor R4 is short-circuited by the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e. It should be noted that the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e exists simultaneously.

[0138] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first resistor R1 - third resistor R3 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0139] The first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first transistor Q1 - tenth resistor R10 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0140] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0141] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0142] 7. When the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the fifth end e and the sixth end f is open:

[0143] The short-circuit path between the second end b and the fifth end e is disconnected, and the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 are no longer short-circuited; the two ends of the first resistor R1 are still short-circuited. As shown by the arrows in FIG11 , the first resistor R1 is short-circuited by the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d. It should be noted that the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d also exists.

[0144] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - fourth resistor R4 - sixth resistor R6 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0145] The second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the first transistor Q1 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - second transistor Q2 - tenth resistor R10 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0146] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0147] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0148] 8. When the first test switch TEST1 is pressed:

[0149] The first test switch TEST1 simulates the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line 120 and transmits it to the first shielding conductor structure 221 or the second shielding conductor structure 222 ;

[0150] After the first shielding conductor structure 221 or the second shielding conductor structure 222 obtains the leakage signal, the third transistor Q3 is turned on, forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - first test switch TEST1 - first shielding conductor structure 221 / second shielding conductor structure 222 - third diode D3 - third transistor Q3 - eleventh resistor R11 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0151] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0152] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0153] 12 , the detection and protection devices provided in some embodiments of the present application have the same switch module 210, leakage detection module 220, leakage simulation module 250, LED indicator unit 260, and lightning protection unit 270 as the detection and protection device shown in FIG6 , but have been modified from the open circuit detection module 230 and trigger module 240 in the detection and protection device shown in FIG6 . Specifically:

[0154] The first switch unit 231 includes a first transistor Q1, and the first bias unit includes a first resistor R1 and a seventeenth resistor R17; the second switch unit 232 includes a second transistor Q2, and the second bias unit includes a fourth resistor R4 and an eighteenth resistor R18;

[0155] The open circuit detection module 230 further includes a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6;

[0156] The emitter of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the first end a, and one end of the second resistor R2. The base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the seventeenth resistor R17. The other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to the fourth end d and one end of the third resistor R3.

[0157] The emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end b, and one end of the fifth resistor R5. The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4 and one end of the eighteenth resistor R18. The other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to the fifth end e and one end of the sixth resistor R6.

[0158] The other end of the second resistor R2 and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 are connected together and connected to one of the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. The other end of the third resistor R3 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 are connected together and connected to the other of the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. The collector of the first transistor Q1 and the collector of the second transistor Q2 are connected together and connected to the third switch unit 241.

[0159] Similarly, in this embodiment, since the two ends of the first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 of the first bias unit are connected to the first end a and the fourth end d, respectively, and the first end a and the fourth end d are short-circuited by the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the first end a and the third end c, the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, and the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fourth end d, the two ends of the first bias unit are short-circuited, and the first transistor Q1 cannot be provided with a switch-on signal. Similarly, since the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 of the second bias unit are connected to the second end b and the fifth end e, respectively, and the second end b and the fifth end e are short-circuited by the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 located between the second end b and the third end c, the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, and the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 located between the sixth end f and the fifth end e, the two ends of the second bias unit are short-circuited, and the second transistor Q2 cannot be provided with a switch-on signal.

[0160] In addition, when any portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 or the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the first end a and the fourth end d is open-circuited, that is, when the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the first end a and the third end c is open-circuited, or when the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the sixth end f and the fourth end d is open-circuited, the two ends of the first bias unit are no longer short-circuited, and the first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 can bear voltage division. The voltage division across the first resistor R1 is equivalent to providing a bias voltage to the emitter junction of the first transistor Q1, causing the first transistor Q1 to turn on, and then sending an open-circuit signal to the trigger module 240 under the action of the electric energy provided by the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120. Similarly, when any part of the first shielding conductor structure 221 or the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the second end b and the fifth end e is open-circuited, that is, when the part of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the second end b and the third end c is open-circuited, or when the part of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the sixth end f and the fifth end e is open-circuited, the two ends of the second bias unit will no longer be short-circuited, and the fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 can bear the voltage division, and the voltage division across the fourth resistor R4 is equivalent to providing a bias voltage to the emitter junction of the second transistor Q2, so that the second transistor Q2 is turned on, and then an open-circuit signal is sent to the trigger module 240 under the action of the electric energy provided by the first current-carrying line 110 or the second current-carrying line 120. It should also be noted that when the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f is disconnected, the short circuit between the first end a and the fourth end d, and between the second end b and the fifth end e will no longer be short-circuited. That is, the two ends of the first bias unit and the two ends of the second bias unit will no longer be short-circuited, thereby being able to simultaneously provide switch conduction signals to the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2, thereby causing the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 to simultaneously send open-circuit signals to the trigger module 240.

[0161] 12 , in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switch unit 242 includes a third transistor Q3 and a fourteenth resistor R14 and a fifteenth resistor R15 connected in series between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. The connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q3. The emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure. The collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third switch unit 241. It should be noted that the collector of the third transistor Q3 can be directly connected to the third switch unit 241 or indirectly connected to the third switch unit 241. For example, as shown in FIG12 , the trigger module 240 further includes a nineteenth resistor R19. The collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third switch unit 241 via the nineteenth resistor R19.

[0162] In this embodiment, the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15 are connected in series between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120, and a divided voltage is provided to the base of the third transistor Q3 via the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15. When the voltage of the leakage signal received by the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is greater than the divided voltage of the base, the emitter junction of the third transistor Q3 is forward biased and turned on, thereby transmitting the leakage signal to the third switch unit 241 via the collector of the third transistor Q3.

[0163] It can be understood that since the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 have been connected together through the third end c of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the sixth end f of the second shielding conductor structure 222, when there is no short circuit between the first shielding conductor structure 221, the second shielding conductor structure 222 and the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, the emitter of the third transistor Q3 only needs to be connected to any point in the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222, and the leakage signal detected at any other position of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 can be transmitted to the emitter of the third transistor Q3.

[0164] It should be noted that the control pin of the third switch unit 241 can be directly connected to the open circuit detection module 230 to obtain an open circuit signal, or can be indirectly connected to the open circuit detection module 230. For example, as shown in Figure 12, the trigger module 240 also includes a nineteenth resistor R19, and the control pin of the third switch unit 241 is indirectly connected to the open circuit detection module 230 through the nineteenth resistor R19, that is, the control pin of the third switch unit 241 is connected to one end of the nineteenth resistor R19, and the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected to the collector of the first transistor Q1 and the collector of the second transistor Q2.

[0165] In addition, referring to Figure 12 , the fourth switch unit 242 further includes a third diode D3. The emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, and the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to any one of the following: the first terminal a; the second terminal b; the third terminal c; the fourth terminal d; the fifth terminal e; or the sixth terminal f. It will be appreciated that providing the third diode D3 between the emitter of the third transistor Q3 and the leakage detection module 220 allows the leakage signal detected by the leakage detection module 220 to flow unidirectionally to the emitter of the third transistor Q3.

[0166] 12 , the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application further includes a leakage simulation module 250. The leakage simulation module 250 includes a third test switch TEST3. One end of the third test switch TEST3 is connected to the connection point between the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the third test switch TEST3 is connected to the first shielding conductor structure 221 and / or the second shielding conductor structure 222. Preferably, the other end of the third test switch TEST3 is connected to one of the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e, and the sixth end f.

[0167] It is understood that when the third test switch TEST3 is pressed, the third test switch TEST3 connects the second current-carrying line 120 to the first shielded conductor structure 221 or the second shielded conductor structure 222, that is, the leakage signal simulating the second current-carrying line 120 is transmitted to the first shielded conductor structure 221 or the second shielded conductor structure 222, thereby testing whether the leakage detection function of the detection protection device is intact. It is also understood that in the embodiment of Figure 12, one end of the third test switch TEST3 is not directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120, but is connected to the second current-carrying line 120 via the trip coil Lx. In other embodiments, one end of the third test switch TEST3 can also be changed to be directly connected to the second current-carrying line 120. In addition, one end of the third test switch TEST3 can also be directly or indirectly connected to the first current-carrying line 110 instead of being connected to the second current-carrying line 120.

[0168] Referring to Figure 12, in the detection and protection device provided in some embodiments of the present application, the leakage simulation module 250 also includes a sixteenth resistor R16, the other end of the third test switch TEST3 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to one of the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e and the sixth end f; the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to one of the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e and the sixth end f; the sixteenth resistor R16 is configured to: when the third test switch TEST3 is pressed and the open circuit detection module 230 fails, adjust the potential of the emitter of the third transistor Q3 so that the third transistor Q3 is not conductive.

[0169] In this embodiment, for the third transistor Q3, its collector is connected to the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 through the nineteenth resistor R19, its base is connected to the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15, and its emitter is connected to any one of the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e, and the sixth end f through the third diode D3. When the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 in the leakage detection module 220 are not open-circuited, the first end a, the second end b, the third end c, the fourth end d, the fifth end e, and the sixth end f are all equipotential points, and their potentials are determined by the series voltage division of the first equivalent resistance of the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5 in parallel and the second equivalent resistance of the third resistor R3 and the sixth resistor R6 in parallel. When the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 are not open-circuited, the potential is lower than the potential of the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15, and the third transistor Q3 will not be turned on. When the third test switch TEST3 is pressed, the sixth resistor R16 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5, so that the first equivalent resistance becomes smaller, causing the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 to increase to a potential greater than the potential at the connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15. This will cause the third transistor Q3 to turn on, thereby increasing the voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4. When the AC power supply enters the negative half cycle, that is, when the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 turns on, forming a strong current path from the second current-carrying line 120 to the tripping coil Lx, the thyristor Q4, the first diode D1, and the first current-carrying line 110. The tripping coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input and output ends of the power line. For example, when an open circuit fault occurs in the second resistor R2 or the fifth resistor R5 of the open circuit detection module 230, the first equivalent resistance increases, and the potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 decreases. At this time, pressing the third test switch TEST3 causes the potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 to rise again. However, by properly configuring the resistance value of the sixteenth resistor R16, the degree of rise in the potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 does not increase too much, and pressing the third test switch TEST3 is insufficient to turn on the third transistor Q3. Therefore, when a fault occurs in the open circuit detection module 230, the user presses the third test switch TEST3 to perform a test, and the third transistor Q3 does not turn on. The trip coil Lx does not drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection. At this time, the user can determine that the detection and protection device has an abnormality.

[0170] 14 , in a power line detection and protection device provided in a specific embodiment of the present application, the power line includes a first current-carrying line 110 and a second current-carrying line 120 ; the detection and protection device includes a switch module 210 , a leakage detection module 220 , an open circuit detection module 230 , a trigger module 240 , and a leakage simulation module 250 ; specifically:

[0171] The switch module 210 is used to control the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line;

[0172] The leakage detection module 220 includes a first shielded conductor structure 221 covering the first current-carrying line 110 and a second shielded conductor structure 222 covering the second current-carrying line 120; the first shielded conductor structure 221 is used to collect leakage signals from the first current-carrying line 110, and the second shielded conductor structure 222 is used to collect leakage signals from the second current-carrying line 120; the first shielded conductor structure 221 includes a first end a near the input end of the power line, a second end b near the output end of the power line, and a third end c located between the first end a and the second end b; the second shielded conductor structure 222 includes a fourth end d near the input end, a fifth end e near the output end, and a sixth end f located between the fourth end d and the fifth end e; the third end c and the sixth end f are connected;

[0173] The open circuit detection module 230 is connected to the first end a, the second end b, the fourth end d and the fifth end e respectively. The open circuit detection module 230 is configured to generate an open circuit signal when at least a portion of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and / or the second shielded conductor structure 222 is open circuit; the open circuit detection module 230 includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a first voltage divider unit and a second voltage divider unit; the first voltage divider unit includes a second resistor R2, a first resistor R1, a seventeenth resistor R17 and a third resistor R3 connected in series in sequence, and the second voltage divider unit includes a fifth resistor R5, a fourth resistor R4, an eighteenth resistor R18 and a sixth resistor R6 connected in series in sequence; the connection point between the second resistor R2 and the first resistor R1 is connected to connected to the first terminal a and the emitter of the first transistor Q1; the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q1; the connection point of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the third resistor R3 is connected to the fourth terminal d; the connection point of the fifth resistor R5 and the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second terminal b and the emitter of the second transistor Q2; the connection point of the fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q2; the connection point of the eighteenth resistor R18 and the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the fifth terminal e; the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected together and connected to the second current-carrying line 120, and the third resistor R3 and the sixth resistor R6 are connected together and connected to the first current-carrying line 110;

[0174] The trigger module 240 includes a third switch unit 241 connected to the open circuit detection module 230 and a fourth switch unit 242 connected to the first shielded conductor structure and / or the second shielded conductor structure. The fourth switch unit 242 is connected to the third switch unit 241 and transmits a leakage signal to the third switch unit 241 when turned on. The third switch unit 241 is configured to receive the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal and, in response to the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal, drive the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection. The fourth switch unit 242 includes a third transistor Q3 and a fourteenth resistor R14 and a fifteenth resistor R15 connected in series between the first current-carrying line 110 and the second current-carrying line 120. The connection point of the fourteenth resistor R14 and the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q3. The emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the sixth terminal f. The collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the third switch unit 241.

[0175] The leakage simulation module 250 includes a third test switch TEST3 and a sixteenth resistor R16; one end of the third test switch TEST3 is connected to the connection point between the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the third test switch TEST3 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the third end c.

[0176] Below, the operation of the detection and protection device provided in the embodiment of the present application under various leakage and open circuit conditions is described using the embodiment shown in FIG13 :

[0177] 1. When the leakage signal of the first current-carrying line 110 is transmitted to the first shielding conductor structure 221:

[0178] After the first shielding conductor structure 221 obtains the leakage signal, it transmits it to the sixth terminal f, thereby turning on the third transistor Q3, forming a conductive path of the first current-carrying line 110 - the first shielding conductor structure 221 - the third diode D3 - the third transistor Q3 - the seventh resistor R7 - the second diode D2 - the tripping coil Lx - the second current-carrying line 120;

[0179] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0180] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0181] 2. When the leakage signal of the second current-carrying line 120 is transmitted to the second shielding conductor structure 222:

[0182] After the second shielding conductor structure 222 obtains the leakage signal, it transmits it to the sixth terminal f, thereby turning on the third transistor Q3, forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - the second shielding conductor structure 222 - the third diode D3 - the third transistor Q3 - the seventh resistor R7 - the first diode D1 - the first current-carrying line 110;

[0183] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0184] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0185] 3. When the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the first end a and the third end c is open:

[0186] The short-circuit path between the first end a and the fourth end d is disconnected, and the first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 of the first bias unit are no longer short-circuited. The fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 of the second bias unit are still short-circuited, and the second bias unit is short-circuited by the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e. It should be noted that the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d exists simultaneously.

[0187] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first resistor R1 - seventeenth resistor R17 - third resistor R3 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0188] The first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first transistor Q1 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0189] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0190] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0191] 4. When the portion of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the second end b and the third end c is open:

[0192] The short-circuit path between the second end b and the fifth end e is disconnected, and the fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 of the second bias unit are no longer short-circuited. The first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 of the first bias unit are still short-circuited, and the first bias unit is short-circuited by the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d. It should be noted that the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e exists simultaneously.

[0193] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - fourth resistor R4 - eighteenth resistor R18 - sixth resistor R6 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0194] The second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the first transistor Q1 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - second transistor Q2 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0195] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0196] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0197] 5. When the connecting conductor between the third terminal c and the sixth terminal f is open:

[0198] The short-circuit path between the first end a and the fourth end d is disconnected, and the two ends of the first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 of the first bias unit are no longer short-circuited; the short-circuit path between the second end b and the fifth end e is disconnected, and the two ends of the fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 of the second bias unit are no longer short-circuited;

[0199] Forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first resistor R1 - seventeenth resistor R17 - third resistor R3 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110, and forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - fourth resistor R4 - eighteenth resistor R18 - sixth resistor R6 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0200] The first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are both turned on; forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - the tripping coil Lx - the second resistor R2 - the first transistor Q1 - the seventh resistor R7 - the first diode D1 - the first current-carrying line 110, and forming a conducting path of the second current-carrying line 120 - the tripping coil Lx - the fifth resistor R5 - the second transistor Q2 - the seventh resistor R7 - the first diode D1 - the first current-carrying line 110;

[0201] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0202] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0203] 6. When the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the fourth end d and the sixth end f is open:

[0204] The short-circuit path between the first end a and the fourth end d is disconnected, and the first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 of the first bias unit are no longer short-circuited. The fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 of the second bias unit are still short-circuited, and the second bias unit is short-circuited by the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e. It should be noted that the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fifth end e exists simultaneously.

[0205] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first resistor R1 - seventeenth resistor R17 - third resistor R3 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0206] The first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - second resistor R2 - first transistor Q1 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0207] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0208] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0209] 7. When the portion of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the fifth end e and the sixth end f is open:

[0210] The short-circuit path between the second end b and the fifth end e is disconnected, and the fourth resistor R4 and the eighteenth resistor R18 of the second bias unit are no longer short-circuited. The first resistor R1 and the seventeenth resistor R17 of the first bias unit are still short-circuited, and the first bias unit is short-circuited by the conductive path from the first end a to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d. It should be noted that the conductive path from the second end b to the third end c to the sixth end f to the fourth end d also exists.

[0211] A conductive path is formed: second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - fourth resistor R4 - eighteenth resistor R18 - sixth resistor R6 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110 ;

[0212] The second transistor Q2 is turned on, and the first transistor Q1 remains turned off; forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - fifth resistor R5 - second transistor Q2 - seventh resistor R7 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110;

[0213] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0214] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0215] 8. When the open circuit detection module 230 operates normally and the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 do not have an open circuit:

[0216] The potential of the first shielded conductor structure 221 and the second shielded conductor structure 222 in the leakage detection module 220 is determined by a series voltage divider of a first equivalent resistance formed by connecting the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5 in parallel, and a second equivalent resistance formed by connecting the third resistor R3 and the sixth resistor R6 in parallel, and is at a level that does not turn on the third transistor Q3.

[0217] At this time, if the third test switch TEST3 is pressed, it is equivalent to connecting the fourteenth resistor R14 in parallel with the second resistor R2 and the fifth resistor R5, so that the first equivalent resistance becomes smaller, causing the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 to increase, which will cause the third transistor Q3 to be turned on, forming a conductive path of the second current-carrying line 120-tripping coil Lx-third test switch TEST3-sixteenth resistor R16-first shielding conductor structure 221 / second shielding conductor structure 222-third diode D3-third transistor Q3-seventh resistor R7-first diode D1-first current-carrying line 110;

[0218] The voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 increases. When the AC power reaches the negative half cycle, that is, the voltage level of the second current-carrying line 120 is greater than the voltage level of the first current-carrying line 110, the thyristor Q4 is turned on, forming a strong current path of the second current-carrying line 120 - tripping coil Lx - thyristor Q4 - first diode D1 - first current-carrying line 110.

[0219] The trip coil Lx generates a strong electromagnetic force, thereby driving the switch module 210 to disconnect the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line.

[0220] 9. When the open circuit detection module 230 fails, such as a single device is open or short-circuited, the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 will change, which will lead to two situations. One is that the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 increases, directly causing the third transistor Q3 to turn on, resulting in tripping; the other is that the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 decreases, resulting in the user actively pressing the third test switch TEST3 for testing without triggering tripping.

[0221] The following lists various single device failures that may occur in the open circuit detection module 230:

[0222] 9.1. When an open circuit fault occurs in the second resistor R2 in the open circuit detection module 230, the first equivalent resistance increases, causing the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 to drop, and the third transistor Q3 remains in the off state;

[0223] It should be noted that, in this case, the open circuit detection module 230 cannot trigger a trip in response to a partial open circuit condition of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the first end a and the third end c, but can still trigger a trip in response to four open circuit conditions: a partial open circuit of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the second end b and the third end c, an open circuit of the connecting conductor between the third end c and the sixth end f, a partial open circuit of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the fourth end d and the sixth end f, and a partial open circuit of the second shielding conductor structure 222 between the fifth end e and the sixth end f.

[0224] It can be seen that in this case, if a partial open circuit occurs between the first end a and the third end c of the first shielding conductor structure 221 , the user cannot detect it, which may lead to a safety hazard.

[0225] 9.2. When an open circuit fault occurs in the fifth resistor R5 in the open circuit detection module 230, the situation is similar to the situation when an open circuit fault occurs in the second resistor R2 in 9.1.

[0226] 9.3. When an open circuit fault occurs in the third resistor R3 in the open circuit detection module 230, the second equivalent resistance decreases, causing the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 to increase, causing the third transistor Q3 to turn on and trigger a trip.

[0227] 9.4. When an open circuit fault occurs in the sixth resistor R6 in the open circuit detection module 230, the situation is similar to the situation when an open circuit fault occurs in the third resistor R3 in 9.3.

[0228] 9.5. When an open circuit fault occurs in the first transistor Q1 in the open circuit detection module 230, the open circuit detection module 230 cannot trigger a trip in response to the partial open circuit condition of the first shielding conductor structure 221 between the first end a and the third end c;

[0229] It can be seen that in this case, if a partial open circuit occurs between the first end a and the third end c of the first shielding conductor structure 221 , the user cannot detect it, which may lead to a safety hazard.

[0230] 9.6. When the second transistor Q2, the seventeenth resistor R17, and the eighteenth resistor R18 in the open circuit detection module 230 have an open circuit fault, it is similar to the situation in 9.5 where the first transistor Q1 has an open circuit fault.

[0231] 9.7. When a short circuit occurs in the second resistor R2 in the open circuit detection module 230, the first equivalent resistance becomes zero, causing the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 to increase, causing the third transistor Q3 to turn on and trigger a trip.

[0232] 9.8. When the fifth resistor R5 in the open circuit detection module 230 has a short circuit fault, it is similar to the situation in 9.7 where the second resistor R2 has a short circuit fault.

[0233] 9.9. When a short circuit fault occurs in the third resistor R3 in the open circuit detection module 230, the second equivalent resistance becomes zero, causing the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 to drop, and the third transistor Q3 remains in the off state.

[0234] 9.10. When a short circuit fault occurs in the sixth resistor R6 in the open circuit detection module 230, the situation is similar to the situation in which a short circuit fault occurs in the third resistor R3 in 9.9.

[0235] 9.11. When a short circuit fault occurs in the first transistor Q1 in the open circuit detection module 230, the voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q4 will increase and trigger a trip.

[0236] 9.12. When a short circuit fault occurs in the second transistor Q2 in the open circuit detection module 230, the situation is similar to the short circuit fault in the first transistor Q1 in 9.11.

[0237] For the single component failure of the various open circuit detection modules 230 such as 9.3, 9.4, 9.7, 9.8, 9.11 and 9.12 above, it will directly cause a trip, so that the user will not continue to use the power cord;

[0238] For the single device failure conditions of the various open circuit detection modules 230 such as 9.1, 9.2, 9.5, 9.6, 9.9 and 9.10 mentioned above, no tripping will be triggered, and the user will not be able to discover it, which will pose a safety hazard; on this basis, if the user actively presses the third test switch TEST3 for testing, the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 has been changed. After pressing the third test switch TEST3, the potential of the first shielding conductor structure 221 and the second shielding conductor structure 222 is still not high enough to make the third transistor Q3 turn on and trigger tripping, so that the user can intuitively see that the tripping is not triggered after pressing the third test switch TEST3, and thus can judge that the detection protection device is abnormal and cannot play the role of leakage protection or cannot play the role of open circuit protection of the shielding structure, thereby stopping the use of the faulty product, further improving safety protection.

[0239] 14 , the second embodiment of the present application provides an electrical connection device 300 , comprising a detection and protection device as described above in the first embodiment, a shell 310 , and a power cord, wherein the power cord is connected to the shell 310 , and the switch module 210 , the open circuit detection module 230 , and the trigger module 240 are arranged in the shell 310 .

[0240] In addition, a third embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including a load device and the electrical connection device 300 of the second embodiment above, where the output end of the power line is connected to the load device.

[0241] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A detection and protection device for a power line, wherein the power line comprises a first current-carrying line and a second current-carrying line, and the detection and protection device comprises: A switch module, used to control the power connection between the input end and the output end of the power line; A leakage detection module, comprising a first shielded conductor structure covering the first current-carrying line and a second shielded conductor structure covering the second current-carrying line; the first shielded conductor structure is used to collect leakage signals of the first current-carrying line, and the second shielded conductor structure is used to collect leakage signals of the second current-carrying line; the first shielded conductor structure comprises a first end close to the input end of the power line, a second end close to the output end of the power line, and a third end between the first end and the second end; the second shielded conductor structure comprises a fourth end close to the input end, a fifth end close to the output end, and a sixth end between the fourth end and the fifth end; the third end is connected to the sixth end; an open circuit detection module, connected to the first end, the second end, the fourth end and the fifth end respectively, the open circuit detection module being configured to generate an open circuit signal when at least a portion of the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure is open circuit; as well as A trigger module, the trigger module comprising a third switch unit connected to the open circuit detection module, and a fourth switch unit connected to the first shielded conductor structure and / or the second shielded conductor structure, the fourth switch unit being connected to the third switch unit and transmitting the leakage signal to the third switch unit when turned on, the third switch unit being configured to receive the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal, and drive the switch module to disconnect the power connection in response to the leakage signal and / or the open circuit signal.

2. The detection and protection device according to claim 1, wherein: The fourth switch unit includes a third transistor and a fourteenth resistor and a fifteenth resistor connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the connection point of the fourteenth resistor and the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure, and the collector of the third transistor is connected to the third switch unit.

3. The detection and protection device according to claim 2, wherein: The fourth switch unit further includes a third diode, the emitter of the third triode is connected to the cathode of the third diode, and the anode of the third diode is connected to any one of the following: the first end; the second end; the third end; the fourth end; the fifth end; The sixth end.

4. The detection and protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The open circuit detection module includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit; One end of the first switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit, the open circuit detection module further includes a first bias unit for providing a switch-on signal to the first switch unit, one end of the first bias unit is connected to the first end, and the other end is connected to the fourth end; and One end of the second switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit. The open circuit detection module also includes a second bias unit for providing a conduction switching signal to the second switch unit, one end of the second bias unit is connected to the second end, and the other end is connected to the fifth end.

5. The detection and protection device according to claim 4, wherein: The first bias unit is configured to: when any part of the first shielded conductor structure and the second shielded conductor structure between the first end and the fourth end is open-circuited, provide a switch-on signal to the first switch unit to turn on the first switch unit, so that the first switch unit sends an open-circuit signal to the third switch unit; the second bias unit is configured to: when any part of the first shielded conductor structure and the second shielded conductor structure between the second end and the fifth end is open-circuited, provide a switch-on signal to the second switch unit to turn on the second switch unit, so that the second switch unit sends an open-circuit signal to the third switch unit.

6. The detection and protection device according to claim 5, wherein: The first switch unit includes a first transistor, the first bias unit includes a first resistor, and the open circuit detection module also includes a second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the first end, the emitter of the first transistor and one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected to one of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the fourth end, the base of the first transistor and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the other of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the third switch unit.

7. The detection and protection device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: The second switch unit includes a second transistor, the second bias unit includes a fourth resistor, and the open circuit detection module also includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end, the emitter of the second transistor and one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fifth end, the base of the second transistor and one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the other of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the third switch unit.

8. The detection and protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The open circuit detection module includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit; One end of the first switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit, the open circuit detection module further includes a first bias unit for providing a switch-on signal to the first switch unit, one end of the first bias unit is connected to the first end, and the other end is connected to the fifth end; as well as One end of the second switch unit is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the third switch unit. The open circuit detection module also includes a second bias unit for providing a conduction switching signal to the second switch unit, one end of the second bias unit is connected to the second end, and the other end is connected to the fourth end.

9. The detection and protection device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein: The trigger module further includes a trip coil for generating an electromagnetic force to drive the switch module to disconnect the power connection, and the trip coil and the third switch unit are connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line.

10. The detection and protection device according to claim 9, wherein: The third switch unit includes a thyristor, and the trigger module also includes a seventh resistor. The control electrode of the thyristor is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor, the collector of the third transistor and the open circuit detection module, the other end of the seventh resistor and the cathode of the thyristor are connected to the first current-carrying line, and the anode of the thyristor is connected to the second current-carrying line through the tripping coil.

11. The detection and protection device according to claim 10, wherein: The trigger module also includes a first capacitor connected in parallel with the seventh resistor.

12. The detection and protection device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: The trigger module also includes a first diode and a second diode, the other end of the seventh resistor and the cathode of the thyristor are connected to the anode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first current-carrying line, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the connection point between the thyristor and the tripping coil.

13. The detection and protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising a leakage simulation module, wherein: The leakage simulation module includes a first test switch, one end of which is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end of which is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure.

14. The detection and protection device according to claim 13, wherein: The leakage simulation module also includes an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, the other end of the first test switch is respectively connected to one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor, and the other end of the eighth resistor and the other end of the ninth resistor are respectively connected to two of the first end, the second end, the third end, the fourth end, the fifth end and the sixth end.

15. The detection protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising a second test switch, wherein: One end of the second test switch is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the control pin of the third switch unit.

16. The detection and protection device according to any one of claims 2 to 15, further comprising a leakage simulation module, wherein: The leakage simulation module includes a third test switch and a sixteenth resistor, one end of the third test switch is connected to the first current-carrying line or the second current-carrying line, and the other end is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure through the sixteenth resistor, and the sixteenth resistor is configured to: when the third test switch is pressed and the open circuit detection module fails, adjust the potential of the emitter of the third transistor to make the third transistor non-conductive.

17. The detection and protection device according to any one of claims 5 to 16, wherein: The first switch unit includes a first transistor, and the first bias unit includes a first resistor and a seventeenth resistor; The second switch unit includes a second triode, and the second bias unit includes a fourth resistor and an eighteenth resistor; The open circuit detection module also includes a second resistor, a third resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; The emitter of the first transistor is connected to one end of the first resistor, the first end and one end of the second resistor, the base of the first transistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and one end of the seventeenth resistor, and the other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the fourth end and one end of the third resistor; The emitter of the second transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the second end and one end of the fifth resistor, the base of the second transistor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor and one end of the eighteenth resistor, and the other end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to the fifth end and one end of the sixth resistor; and The other end of the second resistor is connected together with the other end of the fifth resistor and connected to one of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the other end of the third resistor is connected together with the other end of the sixth resistor and connected to the other of the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, and the collector of the first transistor is connected together with the collector of the second transistor and connected to the third switching unit.

18. The detection and protection device according to claim 17, wherein: The fourth switch unit includes a third transistor and a fourteenth resistor and a fifteenth resistor connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line, the connection point of the fourteenth resistor and the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the third transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure, and the collector of the third transistor is connected to the third switch unit.

19. The detection and protection device according to claim 18, further comprising a leakage simulation module, wherein: The leakage simulation module includes a third test switch, one end of the third test switch is connected to a connection point between the second resistor and the fifth resistor, and the other end of the third test switch is connected to the first shielding conductor structure and / or the second shielding conductor structure.

20. The detection protection device according to claim 19, wherein: The leakage simulation module also includes a sixteenth resistor, the other end of the third test switch is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the third end; the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the sixth end; the sixteenth resistor is configured to: when the third test switch is pressed and the open circuit detection module fails, adjust the potential of the emitter of the third transistor to make the third transistor non-conductive.

21. The detection and protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 20, further comprising a leakage simulation module, wherein: The open circuit detection module includes a first triode, a second triode, a first voltage dividing unit and a second voltage dividing unit; The first voltage dividing unit comprises a second resistor, a first resistor, a seventeenth resistor and a third resistor connected in series in sequence, wherein a connection point between the second resistor and the first resistor is connected to the first end and the emitter of the first transistor; a connection point between the first resistor and the seventeenth resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor; and a connection point between the seventeenth resistor and the third resistor is connected to the fourth end; The second voltage dividing unit comprises a fifth resistor, a fourth resistor, an eighteenth resistor and a sixth resistor connected in series in sequence; a connection point between the fifth resistor and the fourth resistor is connected to the second end and the emitter of the second triode; a connection point between the fourth resistor and the eighteenth resistor is connected to the base of the second triode; a connection point between the eighteenth resistor and the sixth resistor is connected to the fifth end; The second resistor and the fifth resistor are connected together and connected to the second current-carrying line, and the third resistor and the sixth resistor are connected together and connected to the first current-carrying line; The fourth switch unit includes a third triode and a fourteenth triode connected in series between the first current-carrying line and the second current-carrying line. a fourth resistor and a fifteenth resistor, a connection point of the fourteenth resistor and the fifteenth resistor is connected to the base of the third triode, the emitter of the third triode is connected to the sixth end, and the collector of the third triode is connected to the third switching unit; and The leakage simulation module includes a third test switch and a sixteenth resistor; one end of the third test switch is connected to a connection point between the second resistor and the fifth resistor, the other end of the third test switch is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor, and the other end of the sixteenth resistor is connected to the third end.

22. An electrical connection device, comprising the detection and protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 21, a housing and the power cord, wherein: The power line is connected to the housing, and the switch module, the open circuit detection module and the trigger module are arranged in the housing.

23. An electrical device comprising a load device and the electrical connection device according to claim 22, wherein the output end of the power line is connected to the load device.

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