Battery management system, distribution box, battery pack, and electric device

Abstract

An electric device, comprising a battery pack. The battery pack comprises a distribution box; the distribution box comprises a battery management system; the battery management system comprises at least two functional modules and at least one connector; each functional module comprises a circuit board and a component arranged on the circuit board; and every two adjacent functional modules are stacked in the thickness direction of the functional modules and are electrically connected by means of the connector.

Description

Battery management systems, distribution boxes, battery packs, and electric equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 30, 2023, with application number 202323280735.8 and titled “Battery Management System, Distribution Box, Battery Pack and Electric Equipment,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this disclosure. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular, to a battery management system, a distribution box, a battery pack, and an electric device. Background Art

[0004] In the existing solution, the BMS (battery management system) has many wiring harnesses, terminals, and connection links, which makes the overall structure of the battery management system relatively complex. On the one hand, it is not convenient to assemble the above-mentioned battery management system, and on the other hand, it is not convenient to inspect and maintain the battery management module.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery management system, a distribution box, a battery pack and an electric device to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery management system, comprising:

[0008] at least two functional modules, each functional module comprising a circuit board and components arranged on the circuit board; and

[0009] At least one connector, two adjacent functional modules are stacked along their own thickness direction and electrically connected through the connector.

[0010] Optionally, the at least two functional modules include a first electrical interface module, which is one of a low-voltage electrical interface and a high-voltage electrical interface.

[0011] Optionally, the at least two functional modules include a second electrical interface module, and the second electrical interface module is the other of a low-voltage electrical interface and a high-voltage electrical interface.

[0012] Optionally, the at least two functional modules include an intermediate module, which is arranged between the first electrical interface module and the second electrical interface module, and the first electrical interface module and the second electrical interface module are electrically connected to the intermediate module through the connector respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the intermediate module includes at least one of a low-voltage electrical management module, a battery management control module, an electrical system isolation module, and a battery status monitoring module.

[0014] Optionally, the connector includes a connecting piece and a connecting mating piece, one of the two adjacent functional modules is provided with the connecting piece, and the other of the two adjacent functional modules is provided with the connecting mating piece, and the connecting piece arranged on the two adjacent functional modules is arranged relative to the connecting mating piece and is electrically connected by plugging.

[0015] Optionally, the at least two functional modules include a first electrical interface module, a second electrical interface module, and an intermediate module provided between the first electrical interface module and the second electrical interface module;

[0016] The first electrical interface module has a first surface facing the intermediate module, and the connecting member is provided on the first surface of the first electrical interface module and is electrically connected to a circuit board of the first electrical interface module;

[0017] The second electrical interface module has a first surface facing the intermediate module, and the connecting fitting is arranged on the first surface of the second electrical interface module and is electrically connected to the circuit board of the second electrical interface module;

[0018] The intermediate module has a first surface facing the first electrical interface module and a second surface facing the second electrical interface module, the connecting fitting is provided on the first surface of the intermediate module, and the connecting member is provided on the second surface of the intermediate module;

[0019] The connecting piece arranged on the first surface of the first electrical interface module is arranged opposite to the connecting fitting arranged on the first surface of the intermediate module and can be plugged into and electrically connected. The connecting fitting arranged on the first surface of the second electrical interface module is arranged opposite to the connecting piece arranged on the second surface of the intermediate module and can be plugged into and electrically connected.

[0020] Optionally, the connecting fittings provided on the first surface of the intermediate module are staggered with the connecting fittings provided on the second surface of the intermediate module.

[0021] Optionally, the projection size of each functional module in the thickness direction is consistent.

[0022] Optionally, the battery management system further includes a shell, the interior of the shell having a cavity for placing at least two of the functional modules, and the shape and size of the outer peripheral surface of the functional module match the shape and size of the inner wall of the shell, so that at least two of the functional modules are stacked in the cavity along their own thickness direction.

[0023] Optionally, the at least two functional modules include a first electrical interface module and a second electrical interface module; a first opening and a second opening are respectively formed on two opposite side walls of the housing;

[0024] The first electrical interface module is a low-voltage electrical interface module, comprising a low-voltage electrical interface electrically connected to a circuit board of the low-voltage electrical interface module, and the low-voltage electrical interface is provided in the first opening;

[0025] The second electrical interface module is a high-voltage electrical interface module, which includes a high-voltage electrical interface electrically connected to a circuit board of the high-voltage electrical interface module, and the high-voltage electrical interface is arranged in the second opening.

[0026] Optionally, the shell includes a shell and a shell cover, the interior of the shell has the cavity and an opening connected to the cavity, the shell cover is detachably sealed to the opening, one of the first opening and the second opening is formed on the shell cover, and the other of the first opening and the second opening is formed on the bottom wall of the shell.

[0027] Optionally, the shell further includes a card block and a card slot, a card block is formed on one of the shell and the shell cover, and a card slot is formed on the other of the shell and the shell cover, and the card block is used to be engaged in the card slot when the shell cover covers the opening of the shell.

[0028] Optionally, the housing further comprises a positioning member, wherein the positioning member is provided on the inner wall of the housing and extends in a direction away from the bottom wall of the housing;

[0029] The edge of each functional module is provided with a locking piece that matches the positioning piece structure, and the locking piece is connected to the positioning piece to position the functional module in the housing.

[0030] Optionally, the positioning member is a protrusion on the inner wall of the shell protruding toward the cavity, and the locking member is a notch penetrating the edge of the functional module along its own thickness, and the positioning member is sequentially inserted into the notch of each functional module to enable the functional module to be locked with the shell;

[0031] Alternatively, the positioning member is a positioning groove on the inner wall of the shell extending in a direction away from the bottom wall of the shell, and the locking member is a protrusion arranged on the edge of the functional module, and each of the protrusions is sequentially inserted into the positioning groove to enable the functional module to be locked with the shell.

[0032] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a distribution box including the battery management system described above.

[0033] A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery pack, comprising the battery management system or distribution box as described above.

[0034] A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an electric device comprising the distribution box or battery pack as described above.

[0035] Through the above technical solution, the battery management system includes multiple functional modules, and each functional module is provided with a circuit board and components connected to the circuit board. In this way, when assembling the above battery management system, it is only necessary to stack the functional modules along their own thickness direction and realize the electrical connection between two adjacent functional modules through the connector. Therefore, it is more convenient for the operator to quickly assemble the battery management system, which can effectively improve the assembly efficiency.

[0036] Furthermore, when inspecting or maintaining the battery management system, the relatively independent design of each functional module allows maintenance personnel to quickly locate and repair the corresponding functional module, reducing maintenance difficulty and effectively improving maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, if a problem is found in a specific functional module, the entire module can be replaced, significantly shortening the maintenance cycle of the battery management system. Furthermore, when multiple functional modules are stacked along the thickness direction, they have a smaller bottom surface area, effectively reducing space usage and further facilitating the miniaturization of the battery management system.

[0037] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0039] FIG1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery management system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG2 is a perspective schematic diagram of a battery management system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a functional module is installed in a cavity inside a housing.

[0041] FIG3 is a structural block diagram of a distribution box provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIG4 is a structural block diagram of a battery pack provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] FIG5 is a structural block diagram of a battery pack provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] FIG6 is a structural block diagram of an electric device provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] FIG7 is a structural block diagram of an electric device provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0047] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the directional words used are defined based on the drawing directions shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, and a specific directional structure and operation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure. The terms "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside of the corresponding structural contour.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that the terms used, such as "first" and "second", are used to distinguish one element from another and do not have order or importance. In addition, in the description with reference to the drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings represent the same elements.

[0049] It should also be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," "connected," and "installed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; and they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections via an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0050] Because the battery management system is designed with multiple components such as contactors, fuses, pre-charge resistors, shunts, terminals, and connectors, when connecting and assembling these components, the pins, connectors, bolts, terminals, and wiring harnesses that connect the components are crisscrossed, increasing the difficulty of assembling the battery management system and making it inconvenient to subsequently inspect and maintain the battery management system. Based on this, with reference to Figures 1 and 2, the first aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery management system 1, including at least two functional modules 10 and at least one connector 50. Each functional module 10 includes a circuit board 11 and components 12 disposed on the circuit board 11. Two adjacent functional modules 10 are stacked along their own thickness direction and electrically connected through the connector 50.

[0051] Through the above technical solution, the battery management system 1 includes multiple functional modules 10, and each functional module 10 is provided with a circuit board 11 and components 12 connected to the circuit board 11, that is, each functional module 10 can realize different functions. In this way, when assembling the above-mentioned battery management system 1, it is only necessary to use a connector to realize the electrical connection of two adjacent functional modules 10, which makes it easier for operators to quickly assemble the battery management system 1 and can effectively improve the assembly efficiency.

[0052] Furthermore, when inspecting or maintaining the battery management system 1, the relatively independent arrangement of each functional module 10 allows maintenance personnel to quickly locate and repair the corresponding functional module 10, reducing maintenance effort and effectively improving efficiency. Furthermore, if a problem is discovered in a particular functional module 10, the entire module 10 can be replaced, significantly shortening the maintenance cycle for the battery management system 1. Furthermore, when multiple functional modules 10 are stacked in the thickness direction, they have a smaller bottom surface area, effectively reducing space usage and further facilitating miniaturization of the battery management system 1.

[0053] In the present disclosure, there is no limit on the number of connectors connecting two adjacent functional modules 10. For example, in an exemplary embodiment provided in the present disclosure, two adjacent functional modules 10 can be connected through two functional modules 10. The two functional modules 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circuit board. On the premise that electrical connection can be achieved, the stability of the mechanical connection process of the two functional modules 10 can be further improved.

[0054] In addition, in order to facilitate the connection between the above-mentioned functional modules 10 and the battery energy distribution unit, in the present disclosure, at least two functional modules 10 may include a first electrical interface module 20. The present disclosure does not limit the specific type and function of the above-mentioned first electrical interface module 20. For example, in an exemplary embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the first electrical interface module 20 may be one of the low-voltage electrical interface 21 and the high-voltage electrical interface. In addition, at least two functional modules 10 may also include a second electrical interface module 30, and the second electrical interface module 30 is the other of the low-voltage electrical interface 21 and the high-voltage electrical interface. In this way, the above-mentioned first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 (i.e., the low-voltage electrical interface 21 and the high-voltage electrical interface) can be quickly electrically connected to the adjacent functional modules 10 through the connector 50, thereby facilitating the assembly between the first electrical interface module 20, the second electrical interface module 30 and the battery energy distribution unit.

[0055] At least two functional modules 10 include an intermediate module 40, which is disposed between the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30. The first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 are electrically connected to the intermediate module 40 via connectors 50. Thus, the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 can be connected to the battery energy distribution unit, while the intermediate module 40 disposed between the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 can be electrically connected to the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 via the connector 50. Thus, if a fault occurs in the intermediate module 40, the intermediate module 40 can be directly removed from between the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 for repair or replacement, making it easier for operators to work.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment provided herein, the intermediate module 40 may include at least one of a low-voltage electrical management module 41, a battery management control module 42, an electrical system isolation module 43, and a battery status monitoring module 44. Different functional modules 10 can implement different functions. Thus, when a problem or failure occurs in the battery management system 1 of the present disclosure, maintenance personnel can quickly locate the functional module 10 corresponding to the problem and repair or replace the corresponding functional module 10, thereby improving maintenance efficiency.

[0057] It should be noted that the present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on the stacking order of the above-mentioned functional modules 10. Designers can adaptively adjust the stacking order of the above-mentioned functional modules 10 according to specific circumstances. For example, in an exemplary embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the first electrical interface module 20, the low-voltage electrical management module 41, the battery management control module 42, the electrical system isolation module 43, the battery status monitoring module 44 and the second electrical interface module 30 can be stacked in sequence from top to bottom.

[0058] In addition, the present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on the specific structure of the connector 50, as long as it can achieve electrical connection between two adjacent functional modules 10. For example, in the present disclosure, the connector 50 includes a connector 51 and a connector mating member 52. One of the two adjacent functional modules 10 is provided with the connector 51, and the other of the two adjacent functional modules 10 is provided with the connector mating member 52. The connector 51 and the connector mating member 52 provided on the two adjacent functional modules 10 are arranged opposite to each other and are electrically connected by plugging. In this way, the connection and disconnection of the two adjacent functional modules 10 can be achieved through a simple plug-in and pull-out action. Moreover, when the connector 51 and the connector mating member 52 are plugged in, the connection and fixation of the two adjacent functional modules 10 can be achieved without the need for fasteners.

[0059] Alternatively, in one embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the above-mentioned connector 50 can be a plug-in terminal, which includes two parts (i.e., a connecting piece 51 and a connecting mating piece 52). Alternatively, in another exemplary embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the above-mentioned connector 50 can also include two matching wires or quick-connect connectors.

[0060] Optionally, in an embodiment in which at least two functional modules 10 include a first electrical interface module 20, a second electrical interface module 30, and an intermediate module 40 disposed between the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30, the first electrical interface module 20 has a first surface facing the intermediate module 40, the connector 51 is disposed on the first surface of the first electrical interface module 20 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 11 of the first electrical interface module 20; the second electrical interface module 30 has a first surface facing the intermediate module 40, the connector 52 is disposed on the first surface of the second electrical interface module 30 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 11 of the second electrical interface module 30 The circuit board 11 is electrically connected; the intermediate module 40 has a first surface facing the first electrical interface module 20 and a second surface facing the second electrical interface module 30, the connecting fitting 52 is arranged on the first surface of the intermediate module 40, and the connecting fitting 51 is arranged on the second surface of the intermediate module 40; the connecting fitting 51 arranged on the first surface of the first electrical interface module 20 is arranged opposite to the connecting fitting 52 arranged on the first surface of the intermediate module 40 and can be plugged into and electrically connected, and the connecting fitting 52 arranged on the first surface of the second electrical interface module 30 is arranged opposite to the connecting fitting 51 arranged on the second surface of the intermediate module 40 and can be plugged into and electrically connected.

[0061] In this way, the electrical connection and structural connection between the first electrical interface module 20 and the intermediate module 40 can be achieved by the connector 51 arranged on the first surface of the first electrical interface module 20 and the connector mating piece 52 arranged on the first surface of the intermediate module 40. The electrical connection and structural connection between the second electrical interface module 30 and the intermediate module 40 can be achieved by the connector mating piece 52 arranged on the Durr surface of the second electrical interface module 30 and the connector 51 arranged on the second surface of the intermediate module 40, thereby achieving the structural connection and electrical connection between the first electrical interface module 20, the intermediate module 40 and the second electrical interface module 30.

[0062] For the implementation scheme in which the intermediate module 40 includes a low-voltage electrical management module 41, a battery management control module 42, an electrical system isolation module 43 and a battery status monitoring module 44, the low-voltage electrical management module 41 has a first surface facing the first electrical interface module 20 and a second surface facing the second electrical interface module 30, and the connecting fitting 52 is arranged on the first surface of the low-voltage electrical management module 41, and the connecting fitting 51 is arranged on the second surface of the low-voltage electrical management module 41; similarly, the battery management control module 42, the electrical system isolation module 43 and the battery status monitoring module 44 also have a first surface facing the first electrical interface module 20 and a second surface facing the second electrical interface module 30, respectively, and the battery management control module 42, the electrical system isolation module 43 and the battery status monitoring module 44 are all provided with the above-mentioned connecting fitting 52 on their first surfaces, and the above-mentioned connecting fitting 51 is all provided on their second surfaces, and the adjacent functional modules 10 can be structurally and electrically connected through the above-mentioned connecting fitting 51 and the connecting fitting 52.

[0063] In the present disclosure, there is no restriction on the number of connectors 51 provided on two adjacent functional modules 10. For example, in an exemplary embodiment provided in the present disclosure, two of the above-mentioned connectors 50 can be formed between the first electrical interface module 20 and the intermediate module 40. For the embodiment in which the intermediate module 40 includes a low-voltage electrical management module 41, a battery management control module 42, an electrical system isolation module 43 and a battery status monitoring module 44, two adjacent functional modules 10 in the above-mentioned functional modules 10 can also be provided with two connectors 50. For the intermediate module 40 (i.e., the battery status monitoring module 44) connected to the second electrical interface module 30, the second electrical interface module 30 and the battery status monitoring module 44 can be electrically connected through four connectors 50, i.e., four connectors 51 are formed on the second surface of the battery status monitoring module 44, and four connecting mating parts 52 are formed on the first surface of the second electrical interface module 30, and each connector 51 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each connecting mating part 52.

[0064] Here, it should be noted that by setting different types of connectors 50 between the functional modules 10, functions such as communication and sampling can be realized between two adjacent functional modules 10. Compared with other functional modules 10 connected through two connectors 50, the second electrical interface module 30 and the battery status monitoring module 44 connected through four connectors 50 can also realize charging and discharging control, energy monitoring and other functions.

[0065] Optionally, the connecting fitting 52 provided on the first surface of the intermediate module 40 is staggered from the connecting fitting 51 provided on the second surface of the intermediate module 40. Since the connecting fitting 52 provided on the first surface of the intermediate module 40 is staggered from the connecting fitting 51 provided on the second surface of the intermediate module 40, that is, the connecting fitting 52 and the connecting fitting 51 are provided on different sides of the intermediate module 40, interference or interference between the connecting fitting 51 and the connecting fitting 52 can be avoided when assembling the connecting fitting 51 or the connecting fitting 52.

[0066] Optionally, the projected dimensions of each functional module 10 in the thickness direction are consistent. On the one hand, functional modules 10 of consistent dimensions facilitate modular production. On the other hand, precisely because the projected dimensions of each functional module 10 in the thickness direction are consistent, when multiple functional modules 10 are stacked together, they can occupy less space, thereby improving the integration of the battery management system 1.

[0067] Optionally, the battery management system 1 further includes a housing 60, which has a cavity 61 therein for receiving at least two functional modules 10. The shape and size of the outer circumference of the functional module 10 match the shape and size of the inner wall of the housing 60, so that the at least two functional modules 10 can be stacked in the cavity 61 along its thickness direction. The housing 60 protects the functional modules 10. Furthermore, because the shape and size of the functional modules 10 match the shape and size of the inner wall of the housing 60, it is convenient to place the at least two functional modules 10 into the cavity 61, thereby minimizing the waste of space within the cavity 61.

[0068] In an embodiment in which the at least two functional modules 10 include a first electrical interface module 20 and a second electrical interface module 30, a first opening 630 and a second opening (not shown) are respectively formed on two opposing side walls of the housing 60. The first electrical interface module 20 is a low-voltage electrical interface module 200, which includes a low-voltage electrical interface 21 electrically connected to the circuit board 11 of the low-voltage electrical interface module 200. The low-voltage electrical interface 21 is disposed within the first opening 630. The second electrical interface module 30 is a high-voltage electrical interface module 300, which includes a high-voltage electrical interface (not shown) electrically connected to the circuit board 11 of the high-voltage electrical interface module 300. The high-voltage electrical interface is disposed within the second opening. The first opening 630 formed in the housing 60 allows the low-voltage electrical interface 21 to pass through, and the second opening formed in the housing 60 allows the high-voltage electrical interface to pass through, thereby achieving electrical connection with the relevant structures of the battery pack.

[0069] It should be noted that the present disclosure does not limit the specific types of the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 mentioned above. For example, one of the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 may also be a medium-voltage electrical interface module, and the other may be a high-voltage electrical interface module; or, one of the first electrical interface module 20 and the second electrical interface module 30 may also be a low-voltage electrical interface module 200, and the other may be a medium-voltage electrical interface module. The specific adjustment can be made according to actual needs.

[0070] Furthermore, for implementations in which each functional module 10 has a uniform size, multiple stacked functional modules 10 can also be loaded into the cavity 61 with a smaller volume, thereby reducing the volume occupied in the cavity 61 and improving the integration of the battery management system 1 .

[0071] Optionally, the housing 60 includes a shell 62 and a shell cover 63. The shell 62 has a cavity 61 and an opening 610 communicating with the cavity 61. The shell cover 63 removably covers the opening 610. One of the first opening 630 and the second opening is formed in the shell cover 63, and the other of the first opening 630 and the second opening is formed in the bottom wall of the shell 62. Because the first opening 630 and the second opening are located on the shell cover 63 and the bottom wall of the shell 62, respectively, with a certain distance between them, interference or interference between the high-voltage electrical interface and the low-voltage electrical interface 21 when connected to the battery pack 4 can be avoided, thereby reducing safety hazards during the operation of the battery management system 1.

[0072] The present disclosure does not limit the manner in which the housing 62 and the housing cover 63 are detachable. For example, in an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the housing 60 may further include a latch 64 and a latch slot 65. The latch 64 is formed on one of the housing 62 and the housing cover 63, and the latch slot 65 is formed on the other of the housing 62 and the housing cover 63. The latch 64 is configured to latch into the latch slot 65 when the housing cover 63 closes the opening 610 of the housing 62. The detachable connection between the housing 62 and the housing cover 63 is achieved through a latching connection, which is simple in structure and can be removed from the housing 62 and the housing cover 63 without the need for disassembly tools.

[0073] In another exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, an external thread may be formed on the outer surface of the housing 62 , and an internal thread may be formed on the inner surface of the housing cover 63 , and the housing 62 and the housing cover 63 are connected by threads.

[0074] Optionally, the housing 60 may further include a positioning member 66, which is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 62 and extends in a direction away from the bottom wall of the housing 62. Each functional module 10 is provided with a retaining member 2 on the edge thereof that matches the positioning member 66 in structure. The retaining member 2 is connected to the positioning member 66 to position the functional module 10 in the housing 60. Thus, after the functional modules 10 are installed in the cavity 61, the positioning member 66 can sequentially engage with the retaining members formed on the edge of each functional module 10, thereby achieving the positioning and limiting functions of each functional module 10 and improving the stability of each functional module 10 in the cavity 61.

[0075] In the present disclosure, the specific structure and clamping method of the above-mentioned positioning member 66 and the clamping member are not limited. For example, in an exemplary embodiment provided in the present disclosure, optionally, the positioning member 66 can be a protrusion 660 on the inner wall of the shell 62 protruding toward the cavity 61, and the clamping member 2 can be a notch 13 on the edge of the functional module 10 that penetrates along its own thickness. The positioning member 66 is sequentially inserted into the notch 13 of each functional module 10 to enable the functional module 10 to be clamped with the shell 62; in this way, in the process of installing the above-mentioned functional module 10 in the cavity 61, the protrusion 660 formed on the inner wall of the shell 62 can be sequentially inserted into the notch 13 of each functional module 10 to achieve the restriction and guiding effect on each functional module 10.

[0076] Alternatively, in another exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the positioning member 66 can be a positioning groove extending on the inner wall of the housing 62 in a direction away from the bottom wall of the housing 62, and the locking member 2 can be a protrusion provided on the edge of the functional module 10, each protrusion being sequentially inserted into the positioning groove to enable the functional module 10 to be locked with the housing 62. Similarly, in this way, during the process of installing the functional module 10 in the cavity 61, the protrusion formed on each functional module 10 can be embedded in the positioning groove formed on the inner wall of the housing 62, and under the limiting effect of the positioning groove, the restriction and guidance of each functional module 10 are achieved.

[0077] As shown in FIG3 , a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a distribution box 3 including the battery management system 1 as described above.

[0078] As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery pack 4 including the battery management system 1 or the distribution box 3 as described above.

[0079] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an electric device 5, including the above-described distribution box 3 or battery pack 4. The battery pack 4 and the vehicle have all the benefits of the above-described distribution box 3 and battery management system 1, and this disclosure does not elaborate on this. The above-mentioned electric device 5 can be any device with electricity requirements, such as a vehicle, energy storage cabinet, aircraft, etc., and this disclosure does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0080] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0081] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0082] In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery management system (1), characterized in that: include: At least two functional modules (10), each functional module (10) comprising a circuit board (11) and components (12) arranged on the circuit board (11); and At least one connector (50), two adjacent functional modules (10) are stacked along their own thickness direction and electrically connected through the connector (50).

2. The battery management system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two functional modules (10) include a first electrical interface module (20), wherein the first electrical interface module (20) is one of a low-voltage electrical interface (21) and a high-voltage electrical interface.

3. The battery management system (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The at least two functional modules (10) include a second electrical interface module (30), which is the other of a low-voltage electrical interface (21) and a high-voltage electrical interface.

4. The battery management system (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The at least two functional modules (10) include an intermediate module (40), wherein the intermediate module (40) is arranged between the first electrical interface module (20) and the second electrical interface module (30), and the first electrical interface module (20) and the second electrical interface module (30) are electrically connected to the intermediate module (40) via the connector (50), respectively.

5. The battery management system (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intermediate module (40) comprises at least one of a low-voltage electrical management module (41), a battery management control module (42), an electrical system isolation module (43) and a battery status monitoring module (44).

6. The battery management system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The connector (50) comprises a connecting piece (51) and a connecting fitting piece (52); one of the two adjacent functional modules (10) is provided with the connecting piece (51), and the other of the two adjacent functional modules (10) is provided with the connecting fitting piece (52); the connecting piece (51) and the connecting fitting piece (52) arranged on the two adjacent functional modules (10) are arranged opposite to each other and are electrically connected by plugging.

7. The battery management system (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The at least two functional modules (10) include a first electrical interface module (20), a second electrical interface module (30), and an intermediate module (40) arranged between the first electrical interface module (20) and the second electrical interface module (30); The first electrical interface module (20) has a first surface facing the intermediate module (40), and the connecting member (51) is arranged on the first surface of the first electrical interface module (20) and is electrically connected to the circuit board (11) of the first electrical interface module (20); The second electrical interface module (30) has a first surface facing the intermediate module (40), and the connecting fitting (52) is arranged on the first surface of the second electrical interface module (30) and is electrically connected to the circuit board (11) of the second electrical interface module (30); The intermediate module (40) has a first surface facing the first electrical interface module (20) and a second surface facing the second electrical interface module (30), the connecting fitting (52) is arranged on the first surface of the intermediate module (40), and the connecting fitting (51) is arranged on the second surface of the intermediate module (40); The connecting piece (51) arranged on the first surface of the first electrical interface module (20) is arranged opposite to and pluggably electrically connected to the connecting fitting (52) arranged on the first surface of the intermediate module (40), and the connecting fitting (52) arranged on the first surface of the second electrical interface module (30) is arranged opposite to and pluggably electrically connected to the connecting piece (51) arranged on the second surface of the intermediate module (40).

8. The battery management system (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting fitting (52) arranged on the first surface of the intermediate module (40) and a connecting fitting (51) arranged on the second surface of the intermediate module (40) are staggered.

9. The battery management system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The projection size of each functional module (10) in the thickness direction is consistent.

10. The battery management system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The battery management system (1) further comprises a housing (60), the interior of the housing (60) comprising a cavity (61) for accommodating at least two of the functional modules (10), the shape and size of the outer peripheral surface of the functional module (10) matching the shape and size of the inner wall of the housing (60), so that at least two of the functional modules (10) are stacked in the cavity (61) along their own thickness direction.

11. The battery management system (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that: The at least two functional modules (10) include a first electrical interface module (20) and a second electrical interface module (30); a first opening (630) and a second opening are respectively formed on two opposite side walls of the housing (60); The first electrical interface module (20) is a low-voltage electrical interface module (200), the low-voltage electrical interface module (200) comprising a low-voltage electrical interface (21) electrically connected to a circuit board (11) of the low-voltage electrical interface module (200), the low-voltage electrical interface (21) being arranged in the first opening (630); The second electrical interface module (30) is a high-voltage electrical interface module (300), the high-voltage electrical interface module (300) comprising a high-voltage electrical interface electrically connected to a circuit board (11) of the high-voltage electrical interface module (300), the high-voltage electrical interface being arranged in the second opening.

12. The battery management system (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that: The housing (60) includes a shell (62) and a shell cover (63), the interior of the shell (62) having the cavity (61) and an opening (610) connected to the cavity (61), the shell cover (63) being detachably sealed on the opening (610), one of the first opening (630) and the second opening being formed on the shell cover (63), and the other of the first opening (630) and the second opening being formed on the bottom wall of the shell (62).

13. The battery management system (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that: The housing (60) further comprises a card block (64) and a card slot (65); a card block (64) is formed on one of the housing (62) and the housing cover (63); a card slot (65) is formed on the other of the housing (62) and the housing cover (63); the card block (64) is used to be engaged in the card slot (65) when the housing cover (63) covers the opening (610) of the housing (62).

14. The battery management system (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: The housing (60) further comprises a positioning member (66), wherein the positioning member (66) is arranged on the inner wall of the housing (62) and extends in a direction away from the bottom wall of the housing (62); The edge of each functional module (10) is provided with a locking piece (2) that matches the structure of the positioning piece (66); the locking piece (2) is connected to the positioning piece (66) so that the functional module (10) is positioned in the housing (60).

15. The battery management system (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that: The positioning member (66) is a protrusion (660) on the inner wall of the shell (62) protruding toward the cavity (61), and the locking member (2) is a notch (13) penetrating the edge of the functional module (10) along its own thickness, and the positioning member (66) is sequentially inserted into the notch (13) of each functional module (10) to enable the functional module (10) to be locked with the shell (62); Alternatively, the positioning member (66) is a positioning groove on the inner wall of the shell (62) extending in a direction away from the bottom wall of the shell (62), and the locking member (2) is a protrusion arranged on the edge of the functional module (10), and each of the protrusions is sequentially inserted into the positioning groove to enable the functional module (10) to be locked with the shell (62).

16. A distribution box (3), characterized in that: A battery management system (1) comprising any one of claims 1-15.

17. A battery pack (4), characterized in that: The invention comprises the battery management system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or the distribution box (3) according to claim 16.

18. An electric device (5), characterized in that It comprises the distribution box (3) as claimed in claim 16 or the battery pack (4) as claimed in claim 17.

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