Spindle structure and drilling machine

Abstract

Disclosed is a drilling machine having a spindle structure. The spindle structure comprises a base plate, a guide main body, and an adjustment assembly, wherein the adjustment assembly is connected between the guide main body and the base plate and is configured to drive the guide main body to move relative to the base plate in a horizontal direction; and a guide hole extending in a Z-axis direction and allowing a spindle to pass therethrough is formed in the guide main body. The spindle structure can indirectly achieve the adjustment of the position of the spindle in the horizontal direction.

Description

Spindle structure and drilling machine

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed on December 5, 2023, with application number 202323305491.4 and invention name “Spindle structure and drilling machine”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to a spindle structure and a drilling machine. Background Art

[0003] Existing spindle structures typically consist of a base plate, a Z-axis drive mechanism, a spindle, an air-bearing sleeve, and an air-bearing sleeve clamp. The air-bearing sleeve clamp is fixedly connected to the base plate, the air-bearing sleeve is fixedly mounted on the air-bearing sleeve clamp, and the Z-axis drive mechanism is mounted on the base plate. The upper end of the spindle connects to the Z-axis drive mechanism, and the lower end of the spindle passes through a guide hole in the air-bearing sleeve, providing guidance for the spindle. In this spindle structure, since the air-bearing sleeve, air-bearing sleeve clamp, and base plate are all fixedly connected, horizontal adjustment of the spindle's position is difficult.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is: to provide a spindle structure, a spindle structure and a drilling machine in view of the technical problem that it is difficult to adjust the position of the spindle in the horizontal direction with the existing spindle structure.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a spindle structure, comprising a base plate, a guide body, and an adjustment assembly, wherein the adjustment assembly is connected between the guide body and the base plate, and is used to drive the guide body to move relative to the base plate in a horizontal direction;

[0007] The guide body is provided with a guide hole extending along the Z-axis direction and allowing the main shaft to pass through.

[0008] According to the spindle structure of the embodiment of the present application, the adjustment component is installed between the guide body and the base plate, and the guide body is driven to move relative to the base plate in the horizontal direction by the adjustment component, thereby adjusting the position of the guide hole, thereby indirectly realizing the adjustment of the position of the spindle in the horizontal direction.

[0009] Optionally, the horizontal direction includes an X-axis direction and a Y-axis direction;

[0010] The adjustment assembly includes an X-axis adjustment module and a Y-axis adjustment module, wherein the X-axis adjustment module and the Y-axis adjustment module are respectively connected between the guide body and the base plate;

[0011] The X-axis adjustment module is used to drive the guide body to move relative to the base plate along the X-axis direction;

[0012] The Y-axis adjustment module is used to drive the guide body to move relative to the base plate along the Y-axis direction.

[0013] Optionally, the X-axis adjustment module includes an adjustment block and an adjustment screw, the adjustment block includes a connecting portion and an adjustment portion, the connecting portion is connected to the guide body, the adjustment portion is located on one side of the guide body along the X-axis direction, and the adjustment portion extends in a direction away from the guide body along the Y-axis direction;

[0014] The first end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the adjusting portion, and the second end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the bottom plate;

[0015] The central axis of the adjusting screw extends along the X-axis direction.

[0016] Optionally, the adjustment block is a flat plate structure;

[0017] The connecting portion is connected to one side of the guide body along the X-axis direction.

[0018] Optionally, the adjustment block is a bent structure;

[0019] The connecting portion is connected to one side of the guide body along the X-axis direction; or, the connecting portion is connected to one side of the guide body along the Z-axis direction; or, the connecting portion is connected to one side of the guide body along the Y-axis direction.

[0020] Optionally, a snap-fit ​​groove is formed at one end of the adjustment portion away from the guide body, and a first convex ring and a second convex ring are formed at the first end of the adjustment screw at axial intervals, and a portion of the adjustment screw located between the first convex ring and the second convex ring is snap-fitted to the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0021] Optionally, the guide body is provided with a first guide slot extending along the X-axis direction;

[0022] The X-axis adjustment module further includes a guide post, one end of which is connected to the base plate, and the other end of which is inserted into the first guide slot;

[0023] The central axis of the guide column extends along the Y-axis direction.

[0024] Optionally, the guide body is provided with a second guide long hole extending along the X-axis direction;

[0025] The Y-axis adjustment module includes an adjustment bolt and a movable nut, wherein the movable nut is threadedly connected to the base plate. The movable nut is provided with a through hole. The screw of the adjustment bolt passes through the second guide long hole and the through hole in sequence along the Y-axis direction and is threadedly connected to the base plate. The adjustment bolt can rotate relative to the movable nut.

[0026] The central axis of the movable nut and the central axis of the adjusting bolt both extend along the Y-axis direction.

[0027] Optionally, the movable nut includes a threaded section and an adjustment section along its axial direction, the threaded section is provided with an external thread for threaded connection with the base plate, and the cross-section of the adjustment section along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the movable nut is polygonal.

[0028] Optionally, a first screw hole and a second screw hole are coaxially arranged on the base plate, the second screw hole is located on the side of the first screw hole close to the guide body, the first screw hole is used for threaded connection with the adjusting bolt, and the second screw hole is used for threaded connection with the movable nut.

[0029] Optionally, a plurality of the Y-axis adjustment modules are provided, and the plurality of the Y-axis adjustment modules are arranged at intervals.

[0030] Optionally, among the multiple Y-axis adjustment modules, at least some of the Y-axis adjustment modules are located on one side edge of the guide body along the X-axis direction, and at least some of the Y-axis adjustment modules are located on the other side edge of the guide body along the X-axis direction.

[0031] Optionally, the guide body includes an air flotation sleeve and an air flotation sleeve clamp, the air flotation sleeve is fixedly connected to the air flotation sleeve clamp, and the adjustment assembly is connected between the air flotation sleeve clamp and the base plate.

[0032] The air flotation sleeve is provided with the guide hole, and a radial gap is formed between the hole wall of the guide hole and the main shaft.

[0033] Optionally, the spindle structure also includes a Z-axis drive mechanism and a spindle, the Z-axis drive mechanism is installed on the base plate, the spindle is connected to the Z-axis drive mechanism, the Z-axis drive mechanism is used to drive the spindle to move along the Z-axis direction, and the spindle is set through the guide hole.

[0034] Optionally, an X-axis slider and an X-axis driving mechanism may be installed on the base plate, and the X-axis driving mechanism is used to drive the X-axis slider to slide relative to an X-axis slide rail extending along the X-axis direction.

[0035] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a drilling machine, which includes the above-mentioned spindle structure.

[0036] According to the drilling machine of the embodiment of the present application, the spindle structure installs the adjustment component between the guide body and the base plate, and drives the guide body to move relative to the base plate in the horizontal direction through the adjustment component, thereby adjusting the position of the guide hole, and indirectly realizing the adjustment of the position of the spindle in the horizontal direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a spindle structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG2 is an exploded schematic diagram of FIG1 ;

[0039] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the X-axis adjustment module in FIG2 .

[0040] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0041] 1. Z-axis drive mechanism; 2. Spindle; 3. Base plate; 4. Guide body; 41. Air floating sleeve; 42. Air floating sleeve clamp; 43. First guide long hole; 44. Second guide long hole; 5. Adjustment assembly; 51. X-axis adjustment module; 511. Adjustment block; 5111. Connecting part; 5112. Adjustment part; 512. Adjustment screw; 5121. First convex ring; 5122. Second convex ring; 513. Clamping groove; 514. Guide column; 52. Y-axis adjustment module; 521. Adjustment bolt; 522. Movable nut; 6. X-axis slider; 7. X-axis drive mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0043] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the spindle structure provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a Z-axis drive mechanism 1, a spindle 2, a base plate 3, a guide body 4 and an adjustment component 5. The adjustment component 5 is connected between the guide body 4 and the base plate 3. The adjustment component 5 is used to drive the guide body 4 to move relative to the base plate 3 in a horizontal direction.

[0044] The guide body 4 is provided with a guide hole extending along the Z-axis direction and allowing the main shaft 2 to pass through.

[0045] The Z-axis driving mechanism 1 is installed on the base plate 3, and the main shaft 2 is connected to the Z-axis driving mechanism 1. The Z-axis driving mechanism 1 is used to drive the main shaft 2 to move along the Z-axis direction. The main shaft 2 is set through the guide hole.

[0046] The spindle structure provided in the embodiment of the present application has an adjustment component 5 installed between the guide body 4 and the base plate 3, and the adjustment component 5 drives the guide body 4 to move relative to the base plate 3 in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the position of the guide hole, thereby indirectly realizing the adjustment of the position of the spindle 2 in the horizontal direction.

[0047] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the guide body 4 includes an air flotation sleeve 41 and an air flotation sleeve clamp 42. The air flotation sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the air flotation sleeve clamp 42, and the adjustment component 5 is connected between the air flotation sleeve clamp 42 and the base plate 3 to indirectly adjust the position of the air flotation sleeve 41 along the horizontal direction by adjusting the air flotation sleeve clamp 42.

[0048] A guide hole is provided on the air floating sleeve 41 , and a radial gap is formed between the hole wall of the guide hole and the main shaft 2 to provide guidance for the main shaft 2 while avoiding friction or collision between the main shaft 2 and the air floating sleeve 41 and preventing the main shaft 2 from wearing.

[0049] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the horizontal direction includes an X-axis direction and a Y-axis direction.

[0050] The adjustment assembly 5 includes an X-axis adjustment module 51 and a Y-axis adjustment module 52 . The X-axis adjustment module 51 and the Y-axis adjustment module 52 are respectively connected between the guide body 4 and the base plate 3 .

[0051] The X-axis adjustment module 51 is used to drive the guide body 4 to move relative to the base plate 3 along the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis adjustment module 52 is used to drive the guide body 4 to move relative to the base plate 3 along the Y-axis direction. Through the cooperation of the X-axis adjustment module 51 and the Y-axis adjustment module 52, the position of the guide body 4 can be adjusted in the horizontal direction.

[0052] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the X-axis adjustment module 51 includes an adjustment block 511 and an adjustment screw 512. The adjustment block 511 includes a connecting portion 5111 and an adjustment portion 5112. The connecting portion 5111 is connected to the guide body 4. The adjustment portion 5112 is located on one side of the guide body 4 along the X-axis direction, and the adjustment portion 5112 extends along the Y-axis direction in a direction away from the guide body 4.

[0053] The first end of the adjusting screw 512 is rotatably connected to the adjusting portion 5112 , and the second end of the adjusting screw 512 is threadedly connected to the bottom plate 3 .

[0054] The central axis of the adjustment screw 512 extends along the X-axis direction.

[0055] When the guide body 4 needs to be adjusted along the X-axis direction, the adjusting screw 512 can be rotated. Since the first end of the adjusting screw 512 is rotatably connected to the adjusting portion 5112, the second end of the adjusting screw 512 can be threadedly engaged with the base plate 3 to make the adjusting portion 5112 move relative to the base plate 3 along the X-axis direction, thereby driving the guide body 4 connected to the adjusting block 511 to move along the X-axis direction.

[0056] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the adjustment block 511 is a flat plate structure. In this case, the connecting portion 5111 is connected to one side of the guide body 4 along the X-axis direction to achieve assembly.

[0057] In other embodiments not shown in the figures, the adjustment block 511 is a bent structure, such as an L-shaped structure. In this case, the connecting portion 5111 can be connected to one side of the guide body 4 along the X-axis direction, can be connected to one side of the guide body 4 along the Z-axis direction, or can be connected to one side of the guide body 4 along the Y-axis direction. It is sufficient to ensure that the adjustment portion 5112 is located on one side of the guide body 4 along the X-axis direction and extends away from the guide body 4 along the Y-axis direction.

[0058] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, a snap-fit ​​groove 513 is formed at one end of the adjustment portion 5112 away from the guide body 4, and a first convex ring 5121 and a second convex ring 5122 are formed at the first end of the adjustment screw 512 along its axial direction. The position between the first convex ring 5121 and the second convex ring 5122 on the adjustment screw 512 is snap-fitted with the snap-fit ​​groove 513, so that the adjustment portion 5112 is snap-fitted with the first convex ring 5121 and the second convex ring 5122 along the X-axis direction, thereby preventing the adjustment screw 512 from moving relative to the adjustment portion 5112 along the X-axis direction, ensuring that the adjustment screw 512 can only rotate relative to the adjustment portion 5112.

[0059] When the position of the adjustment screw 512 between the first protruding ring 5121 and the second protruding ring 5122 is engaged with the engaging groove 513 , the first protruding ring 5121 is located on the side of the second protruding ring 5122 facing the adjusting portion 5112 .

[0060] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the guide body 4 is provided with a first guide slot 43 extending along the X-axis direction.

[0061] The X-axis adjustment module 51 further includes a guide post 514 , one end of which is connected to the base plate 3 , and the other end of which is inserted into the first guide slot 43 .

[0062] The cooperation between the guide post 514 and the first guide slot 43 can further provide guidance for the movement of the guide body 4 along the X-axis. Preferably, the central axis of the guide post 514 extends along the Y-axis.

[0063] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a second guide slot 44 extending along the X-axis direction is provided on the guide body 4 .

[0064] The Y-axis adjustment module 52 includes an adjusting bolt 521 and a movable nut 522. The movable nut 522 is threadedly connected to the base plate 3. A through hole is provided on the movable nut 522. The screw of the adjusting bolt 521 passes through the second guide long hole 44 and the through hole in sequence along the Y-axis direction and is threadedly connected to the base plate 3. The adjusting bolt 521 can rotate relative to the movable nut 522.

[0065] The central axis of the movable nut 522 and the central axis of the adjusting bolt 521 both extend along the Y-axis direction.

[0066] After the adjusting bolt 521 is threadedly connected to the base plate 3, the nut of the adjusting bolt 521 will be located on the side of the guide body 4 facing away from the base plate 3, and the nut of the adjusting bolt 521 will be limited along the Y-axis direction by the second guide long hole 44 to prevent the nut of the adjusting bolt 521 from falling out from the side of the guide body 4 facing away from the base plate 3 to the side of the guide body 4 close to the base plate 3.

[0067] When adjusting the Y-axis adjustment module 52, first loosen the adjustment bolt 521 to release the restraint on the guide body 4, allowing the guide body 4 to adjust its position along the Y-axis. Then, rotate the movable nut 522 to adjust the depth of the movable nut 522 screwed into the base plate 3. After adjusting the movable nut 522, tighten the adjustment bolt 521 to fix the position of the guide body 4.

[0068] In one embodiment, the movable nut 522 includes a threaded section and an adjustment section along its axial direction. The threaded section is provided with an external thread for threaded connection with the base plate 3. The cross-section of the adjustment section along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the movable nut 522 is polygonal, so as to facilitate the rotation of the movable nut 522, and only an adapter wrench is required.

[0069] In the illustrated embodiment, the first long guide hole 43 and the second long guide hole 44 are both provided on the air-floating clamp 42 .

[0070] In one embodiment, a first screw hole and a second screw hole are coaxially arranged on the base plate 3, and the second screw hole is located on the side of the first screw hole close to the guide body 4. The first screw hole is used to be threadedly connected to the adjustment bolt 521, and the second screw hole is used to be threadedly connected to the movable nut 522.

[0071] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , a plurality of Y-axis adjustment modules 52 are provided, and the plurality of Y-axis adjustment modules 52 are spaced apart to adjust the position of the guide body 4 along the Y-axis direction from multiple positions to ensure the axial direction of the guide hole.

[0072] Preferably, among the multiple Y-axis adjustment modules 52, at least some of the Y-axis adjustment modules 52 are located on one side edge of the guide body 4 along the X-axis direction, and at least some of the Y-axis adjustment modules 52 are located on the other side edge of the guide body 4 along the X-axis direction.

[0073] In one embodiment, in order to realize the spindle structure or the movement of the spindle structure along the X-axis direction, an X-axis slider 6 and an X-axis drive mechanism 7 can be installed on the base plate 3. The X-axis drive mechanism 7 is used to drive the X-axis slider 6 to slide relative to an X-axis slide rail extending along the X-axis direction.

[0074] The drilling machine provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned spindle structure, or only includes the above-mentioned spindle structure.

[0075] It should be noted that the spindle structure provided in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to non-air-floating sleeve-type spindle structures. Such non-air-floating sleeve-type spindle structures may include a base plate, a Z-axis drive mechanism, a spindle, and a spindle clamp. The Z-axis drive mechanism and the spindle clamp are each connected to the base plate, and the spindle is connected to the Z-axis drive mechanism and is disposed through a guide hole in the spindle clamp. In this case, the spindle clamp serves as the guide body, and the phrase "the adjustment assembly is connected between the guide body and the base plate" means that the adjustment assembly is connected between the spindle clamp and the base plate.

[0076] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A spindle structure, wherein: The invention comprises a bottom plate (3), a guide body (4) and an adjustment assembly (5), wherein the adjustment assembly (5) is connected between the guide body (4) and the bottom plate (3), and the adjustment assembly (5) is used to drive the guide body (4) to move relative to the bottom plate (3) in a horizontal direction; The guide body (4) is provided with a guide hole extending along the Z-axis direction and allowing the main shaft to pass through.

2. The spindle structure according to claim 1, wherein: The horizontal direction includes an X-axis direction and a Y-axis direction; The adjustment assembly (5) comprises an X-axis adjustment module (51) and a Y-axis adjustment module (52), wherein the X-axis adjustment module (51) and the Y-axis adjustment module (52) are respectively connected between the guide body (4) and the base plate (3); The X-axis adjustment module (51) is used to drive the guide body (4) to move relative to the base plate (3) along the X-axis direction; The Y-axis adjustment module (52) is used to drive the guide body (4) to move relative to the base plate (3) along the Y-axis direction.

3. The spindle structure according to claim 2, wherein: The X-axis adjustment module (51) comprises an adjustment block (511) and an adjustment screw (512); the adjustment block (511) comprises a connecting portion (5111) and an adjustment portion (5112); the connecting portion (5111) is connected to the guide body (4); the adjustment portion (5112) is located on one side of the guide body (4) along the X-axis direction; and the adjustment portion (5112) extends in a direction away from the guide body (4) along the Y-axis direction; The first end of the adjusting screw (512) is rotatably connected to the adjusting portion (5112), and the second end of the adjusting screw (512) is threadedly connected to the bottom plate (3); The central axis of the adjusting screw (512) extends along the X-axis direction.

4. The spindle structure according to claim 3, wherein: The adjustment block (511) is a flat plate structure; The connecting portion (5111) is connected to one side of the guide body (4) along the X-axis direction.

5. The spindle structure according to claim 3, wherein: The adjustment block (511) is a bent structure; The connecting portion (5111) is connected to one side of the guide body (4) along the X-axis direction; or, the connecting portion (5111) is connected to one side of the guide body (4) along the Z-axis direction; or, the connecting portion (5111) is connected to one side of the guide body (4) along the Y-axis direction.

6. The spindle structure according to claim 3, wherein: A snap-fit ​​groove (513) is formed at one end of the adjustment portion (5112) away from the guide body (4), and a first convex ring (5121) and a second convex ring (5122) are formed at the first end of the adjustment screw (512) at intervals along its axial direction, and a portion of the adjustment screw (512) located between the first convex ring (5121) and the second convex ring (5122) is snap-fitted to the snap-fit ​​groove (513).

7. The spindle structure according to claim 3, wherein: The guide body (4) is provided with a first guide long hole (43) extending along the X-axis direction; The X-axis adjustment module (51) further comprises a guide column (514), one end of which is connected to the base plate (3), and the other end of which is inserted into the first guide slot (43); The central axis of the guide column (514) extends along the Y-axis direction.

8. The spindle structure according to claim 2, wherein: The guide body (4) is provided with a second guide long hole (44) extending along the X-axis direction; The Y-axis adjustment module (52) comprises an adjustment bolt (521) and a movable nut (522), wherein the movable nut (522) is threadedly connected to the base plate (3), a through hole is provided on the movable nut (522), a screw rod of the adjustment bolt (521) passes through the second guide long hole (44) and the through hole in sequence along the Y-axis direction and is threadedly connected to the base plate (3), and the adjustment bolt (521) can rotate relative to the movable nut (522); The central axis of the movable nut (522) and the central axis of the adjusting bolt (521) both extend along the Y-axis direction.

9. The spindle structure according to claim 8, wherein: The movable nut (522) comprises a threaded section and an adjustment section along its axial direction, the threaded section is provided with an external thread for threaded connection with the base plate (3), and the adjustment section has a polygonal cross-section along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the movable nut (522).

10. The spindle structure according to claim 8, wherein: A first screw hole and a second screw hole are coaxially arranged on the base plate (3); the second screw hole is located on a side of the first screw hole close to the guide body (4); the first screw hole is used for threaded connection with the adjustment bolt (521); and the second screw hole is used for threaded connection with the movable nut (522).

11. The spindle structure according to claim 2, wherein: A plurality of the Y-axis adjustment modules (52) are provided, and the plurality of the Y-axis adjustment modules (52) are arranged at intervals.

12. The spindle structure according to claim 11, wherein: Among the multiple Y-axis adjustment modules (52), at least some of the Y-axis adjustment modules (52) are located on one side edge of the guide body (4) along the X-axis direction, and at least some of the Y-axis adjustment modules (52) are located on the other side edge of the guide body (4) along the X-axis direction.

13. The spindle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The guide body (4) comprises an air flotation sleeve (41) and an air flotation sleeve clamp (42), the air flotation sleeve (41) is fixedly connected to the air flotation sleeve clamp (42), and the adjustment assembly (5) is connected between the air flotation sleeve clamp (42) and the bottom plate (3); The air flotation sleeve (41) is provided with the guide hole, and a radial gap is formed between the hole wall of the guide hole and the main shaft.

14. The spindle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The spindle structure further comprises a Z-axis driving mechanism (1) and a spindle (2); the Z-axis driving mechanism (1) is mounted on the base plate (3); the spindle (2) is connected to the Z-axis driving mechanism (1); the Z-axis driving mechanism (1) is used to drive the spindle (2) to move along the Z-axis direction; the spindle (2) is arranged to pass through the guide hole.

15. The spindle structure according to any one of claims 2 to 12, wherein: An X-axis slider (6) and an X-axis driving mechanism (7) can be installed on the base plate (3), and the X-axis driving mechanism (7) is used to drive the X-axis slider (6) to slide relative to an X-axis slide rail extending along the X-axis direction.

16. A drilling machine, wherein: The invention comprises the main shaft structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

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