Supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicle, railway vehicle, and cooling method for supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicle

Abstract

A supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle, relating to the technical field of railway vehicles, wherein a railway vehicle comprises an energy storage system and a compartment (600); an air outlet (610) is formed at the top of the compartment (600); and the top of the compartment (600) is contact with a sealing groove (30) in an energy storage cabinet body (100), a cavity is defined between the top of the compartment and the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet body (100), and the cavity is in communication with both the air outlet (610) and an air duct (10). According to the supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle, when supercapacitor modules (300) in the energy storage cabinet body (100) are cooled, cooling air is diverted from the air duct (10) to simultaneously the supercapacitor modules (300) at an upper layer and a lower layer in the energy storage cabinet body (100), such that the supercapacitor modules (300) at the upper and lower layers in the energy storage cabinet body (100) receive almost the same cooling effect; moreover, in the railway vehicle, by placing the energy storage system directly at the top of the compartment (600) and positioning the air outlet (610) within a ring defined by the sealing groove (30), the connection between energy storage system and the air outlet (610) of the compartment (600) is achieved, thereby greatly simplifying the air outlet (610) and the structure of a docking port in the energy storage system. Further disclosed are a railway vehicle and a cooling control method for the supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle.

Description

Supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicle, rail vehicle, and cooling method for supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicle Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle, a rail vehicle, and a cooling method for the supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Currently, vehicles using supercapacitors for energy storage are typically located on the roof of the vehicle due to the vehicle's limited floor height. This allows for the use of roof space and the use of exhaust air from the vehicle to cool the supercapacitor system.

[0003] In current solutions, the vehicle's air outlet often directly connects with the energy storage power supply's air inlet, forming a perpendicular relationship. For example, application number 201310375553.0 discloses an energy storage power supply, comprising an energy storage power supply housing provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a mounting plate disposed within the energy storage power supply housing, and multiple supercapacitor modules mounted on the mounting plate. The air inlets are disposed at both ends of the energy storage power supply housing's bottom plate, a bottom ventilation layer communicating with the air inlet is provided between the mounting plate and the bottom plate of the energy storage power supply housing, a ventilation gap is provided between each adjacent supercapacitor module, and ventilation holes are provided on the mounting plate at positions corresponding to the ventilation gaps. This energy storage power supply can achieve uniform cooling of each supercapacitor module in the energy storage power supply, thereby effectively solving the problem of heat accumulation in the supercapacitor modules currently located in the middle of the energy storage power supply housing. However, the energy storage power supply's air inlet is connected to the cold air outlet of the refrigeration unit, increasing the difficulty of interfacing. Furthermore, the cooling air first passes through the bottom module before flowing to the upper module, resulting in a relatively higher temperature rise in the upper module. Application No. 201910671966.0, which provides a case for a vehicle energy storage power supply and a device for preventing liquid leakage, incorporates some improvements based on direct connection to the air inlet. However, this also increases air resistance, and the problem of cooling air passing through the lower module before flowing to the upper module persists. Technical issues

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle, a rail vehicle, and a cooling method for a supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle, which are used to solve the problem that the upper and lower supercapacitor modules in the energy storage system cannot achieve the same cooling effect and the problem of the complex docking structure between the car and the energy storage system. Technical Solutions

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0006] A supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle comprises an energy storage cabinet, multiple slave detection units, a master control unit, multiple mounting plates disposed in the energy storage cabinet, and multiple supercapacitor modules respectively mounted on the mounting plates. An air duct is provided in the middle of the energy storage cabinet, communicating with the interior of the cabinet. The air duct separates the multiple mounting plates into left and right groups, with the mounting plates in each group arranged one above the other. Multiple fans are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the energy storage cabinet. A sealing groove protrudes from the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet, with a sealing gasket disposed in the sealing groove. The air duct is located within the circle of the sealing groove. The multiple slave detection units are respectively used to detect analog parameters of the multiple supercapacitor modules, and the master control unit controls the start and stop of each fan according to the analog parameters detected by the slave detection units.

[0007] Preferably, the analog parameters include a temperature signal and a voltage signal.

[0008] Preferably, a fuse is also included, and the fuse is used to automatically blow when a short circuit occurs between the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage system.

[0009] Preferably, a circuit breaker is further included, and the circuit breaker is used to disconnect the electrical connection with the external equipment powered by the energy storage system when overtemperature or overvoltage occurs inside the energy storage system.

[0010] Preferably, the supercapacitor module includes a plurality of energy storage cells for storing electrical energy.

[0011] Preferably, the slave detection unit has a temperature sensor installed on the supercapacitor module, and the temperature sensor collects the temperature analog value of the supercapacitor module and uploads it to the master control unit.

[0012] Preferably, each layer of the mounting plate has a rolled edge on one side close to the air duct, and the rolled edge and the inner wall of the energy storage cabinet form a receiving groove.

[0013] A rail vehicle comprising:

[0014] Energy storage systems;

[0015] A carriage, wherein an air outlet is provided on the top of the carriage;

[0016] The top of the carriage contacts the sealing groove in the energy storage cabinet and forms a cavity with the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet. The cavity is communicated with the air outlet and the air duct at the same time.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a shock-absorbing pad that supports the energy storage system and the carriage. The upper surface of the shock-absorbing pad contacts the energy storage cabinet, and the bottom surface contacts the top of the carriage and is flush with the bottom surface of the sealing groove. The shock-absorbing pad forms a circle and is located on the periphery of the sealing groove.

[0018] A cooling control method for a supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1, detects the temperature of the supercapacitor module through the slave control unit and transmits it to the master control unit in real time;

[0020] S2, determining the temperature of the supercapacitor module and controlling the number of fans to be turned on corresponding to the temperature in the supercapacitor module;

[0021] S3, when the temperature continues to rise after the preset number of fans are turned on, the main control unit controls the number of fans turned on to continue to increase until the temperature is maintained within the preset range. If the temperature exceeds the preset range, the main control unit controls the circuit breaker to disconnect. Beneficial effects

[0022] In the energy storage system of the present invention, when cooling the supercapacitor modules in the energy storage cabinet, cooling air is diverted from the air duct to simultaneously cool the supercapacitor modules located in the upper and lower layers of the energy storage cabinet, so that the supercapacitor modules in the upper and lower layers of the energy storage cabinet receive almost the same cooling effect.

[0023] In the rail vehicle of the present invention, it is very convenient to install the energy storage system on the car body. The energy storage system is directly placed on the top of the car body and the air outlet is located within the circle of the sealing groove. The sealing groove is connected to the flange on the top of the car body, thereby realizing the docking of the energy storage system and the air outlet of the car body, which greatly simplifies the structure of the air outlet and the docking interface in the energy storage system.

[0024] The cooling method of the vehicle supercapacitor energy storage system disclosed in the present invention monitors the temperature of each supercapacitor module in the energy storage system in real time, controls multiple fans to be turned on through a main control unit, and realizes precise cooling of each supercapacitor module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of the rail vehicle in Examples 1, 2, and 3.

[0026] FIG2 is a bottom view of the energy storage cabinet in Examples 1, 2, and 3.

[0027] FIG3 is a structural block diagram of a rail vehicle in Example 3. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0028] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0029] 1 to 3 , the present invention discloses a vehicle-use supercapacitor energy storage system, a rail vehicle, and a cooling method for the vehicle-use supercapacitor energy storage system. Example 1

[0030] A supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle includes an energy storage cabinet 100, multiple slave detection units 400, a master control unit 500, multiple mounting plates 200 disposed in the energy storage cabinet 100, and multiple supercapacitor modules 300 respectively mounted on the mounting plates 200; an air duct 10 is provided in the middle of the energy storage cabinet 100 and is connected to the interior of the energy storage cabinet 100. The air duct 10 separates the multiple mounting plates 200 into two groups, one on the left and one on the right. The mounting plates 200 in each group are arranged one above the other. Multiple fans are provided on the left and right sides of the energy storage cabinet 100. A sealing groove 30 is protruding from the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet 100, and a sealing gasket 40 is provided in the sealing groove 30. The air duct 10 is located within the sealing groove 30. The multiple slave detection units 400 are respectively used to detect analog parameters of multiple supercapacitor modules 300. The master control unit 500 controls the start and stop of each fan based on the analog parameters detected by the slave detection units 400.

[0031] The vehicle supercapacitor energy storage system can achieve uniform cooling of each supercapacitor module 300 in the energy storage system. In addition, the cooling effect of each supercapacitor module 300 can be almost the same.

[0032] In the prior art, cooling air enters the energy storage cabinet 100 from the bottom layer of the energy storage system, removing heat from the supercapacitor modules 300 from the bottom to the top. This structural energy storage system prevents the supercapacitor modules 300 located in the upper layer of the energy storage system from being properly cooled. The cooling effect obtained by the supercapacitor modules 300 located in the upper layer of the energy storage system is much lower than the cooling effect obtained by the supercapacitor modules 300 located in the lower layer of the energy storage system. The specific reason is that the cooling air cools the supercapacitor modules 300 in the lower layer of the energy storage system before cooling the supercapacitor modules 300 in the upper layer of the energy storage system. Therefore, it cannot ensure that the supercapacitor modules 300 in the upper layer and the supercapacitor modules 300 in the lower layer achieve the same cooling effect.

[0033] The vehicle supercapacitor energy storage system disclosed in the present application can solve the aforementioned problems. Specifically, an air duct 10 is provided in the middle of the energy storage cabinet 100 and is connected to the interior of the energy storage cabinet 100. The air duct 10 cools both the supercapacitor modules 300 located on the upper layer of the energy storage cabinet 100 and the supercapacitor modules 300 located on the lower layer of the energy storage cabinet 100. This avoids the situation in the prior art where the cooling air first cools the supercapacitor modules 300 located on the lower layer of the energy storage cabinet 100 and then cools the supercapacitor modules 300 located on the upper layer of the energy storage cabinet 100.

[0034] In this embodiment, when cooling the supercapacitor modules 300 in the energy storage cabinet 100, cooling air is diverted from the air duct 10 to simultaneously cool the supercapacitor modules 300 located in the upper and lower layers of the energy storage cabinet 100, so that the supercapacitor modules 300 in the upper and lower layers of the energy storage cabinet 100 receive almost the same cooling effect.

[0035] The mounting plate 200 in the energy storage cabinet 100 of the present application can be arranged in two layers. The cooling air enters the air duct 10 from the bottom of the energy storage cabinet 100. The cooling air is divided in the air duct 10 to cool the supercapacitor modules 300 on each layer on the mounting plate 200, so that each supercapacitor module 300 in the energy storage cabinet 100 achieves almost the same cooling effect.

[0036] The mounting plates 200 in the energy storage cabinet 100 of the present application can be arranged in three or more layers. The cooling air also enters the air duct 10 from the bottom of the energy storage cabinet 100, is divided in the air duct 10, and cools each layer of the supercapacitor modules 300 on the mounting plates 200 separately. This allows each supercapacitor module 300 in the energy storage cabinet 100 to achieve almost the same cooling effect, avoiding the situation where the cooling air first cools some supercapacitor modules 300 and then cools the remaining supercapacitor modules 300, resulting in the remaining supercapacitor modules 300 not achieving the ideal cooling effect.

[0037] In this embodiment, the slave detection unit 400 detects the analog parameters of the supercapacitor module 300 in the energy storage cabinet 100, and the master control unit 500 controls the start and stop of each fan according to the analog parameters. Multiple slave detection units 400 correspond to multiple fans, respectively, and multiple fans also correspond to supercapacitors detected by multiple slave detection units 400, that is, multiple fans also correspond to multiple slave control units, respectively. The slave detection unit 400 detects the analog parameters in the corresponding supercapacitor module 300, and the master control unit 500 controls the start and stop of the fan corresponding to the slave detection unit 400 according to the analog parameters detected by the slave detection unit 400.

[0038] In this embodiment, the analog parameters include temperature signals and voltage signals. When the slave detection unit 400 detects that the temperature in the supercapacitor module 300 reaches a preset temperature range, the master control unit 500 controls the fan corresponding to the supercapacitor module 300 to turn on.

[0039] The energy storage system further includes a fuse, which is configured to automatically blow when a short circuit occurs between the positive and negative electrodes of the energy storage system.

[0040] The fuse is used to protect the energy storage system. When the energy storage system is short-circuited, the fuse automatically blows to protect the energy storage system.

[0041] The energy storage system further includes a circuit breaker, which is used to disconnect the electrical connection with external equipment powered by the energy storage system when overtemperature or overvoltage occurs inside the energy storage system.

[0042] The supercapacitor module 300 includes a plurality of energy storage cells for storing electrical energy.

[0043] The slave detection unit 400 has a temperature sensor installed on the supercapacitor module 300 , and the temperature sensor collects the temperature analog value of the supercapacitor module 300 and uploads it to the master control unit 500 .

[0044] In this embodiment, when the slave detection unit 400 collects the temperature analog parameter, it specifically collects it through a stable sensor. The temperature sensor collects the temperature analog parameter and uploads it to the main control control unit 500. The main control control unit 500 determines whether the temperature of the supercapacitor module 300 is in a preset interval (preset range). If it is within the preset interval, the fan corresponding to the supercapacitor module 300 is turned on. If it does not reach the minimum value of the preset interval, the main control control unit 500 turns off the fan corresponding to the supercapacitor module 300. If it exceeds the maximum value of the preset interval, the main control control unit 500 controls the circuit breaker to disconnect.

[0045] Each mounting plate 200 has a rolled edge 210 on one side near the air duct 10. Together with the inner wall of the energy storage cabinet 100, the rolled edge 210 forms a receiving groove 50. If electrolyte leaks from the supercapacitor module 300, the receiving groove 50 holds the electrolyte and prevents it from being discharged from the air duct 10.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] A rail vehicle includes an energy storage system and a carriage 600; the energy storage system is located on top of the carriage 600, and the carriage 600 directly supports the energy storage system.

[0048] An air outlet 610 is provided on the top of the carriage 600 ; the energy storage system is covered on the air outlet 610 of the carriage 600 , and specifically cools the energy storage system by utilizing the air discharged from the carriage 600 .

[0049] The top of the carriage 600 contacts the sealing groove 30 in the energy storage cabinet 100 and forms a cavity with the bottom of the energy storage cabinet 100 . The cavity is also communicated with the air outlet 610 and the air duct 10 .

[0050] In this embodiment, the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet 100 specifically includes two mounting plates 200, wherein a sealing groove 30 protrudes from the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet 100. The sealing groove 30, the two mounting plates 200, and the compartment 600 form a cavity. The cavity is connected to the air outlet 610 and the air duct 10. Air discharged from the air outlet 610 in the compartment 600 enters the air duct 10 through the cavity, and then cools the supercapacitor modules 300 on each layer of the mounting plates 200. The air outlet 610 is located within the circle of the sealing groove 30.

[0051] It is very convenient to install the energy storage system on the carriage 600. The energy storage system can be directly placed on the top of the carriage 600 and the air outlet 610 is located within the circle of the sealing groove 30. The sealing groove 30 is connected to the flange on the top of the carriage 600 to achieve docking between the energy storage system and the air outlet 610 of the carriage 600, which greatly simplifies the structure of the docking interface in the air outlet 610 and the energy storage system.

[0052] In this embodiment, after the energy storage system is installed on the top of the carriage 600, the sealing gasket 40 has a certain amount of compression, which can overcome the loose sealing caused by the insufficient flatness of the top of the carriage 600.

[0053] The rail vehicle also includes a shock-absorbing pad 60 that connects the energy storage system and the carriage 600. The upper surface of the shock-absorbing pad 60 contacts the energy storage cabinet 100, and its bottom surface contacts the top of the carriage 600 and is flush with the bottom surface of the sealing groove 30. The shock-absorbing pad 60 forms a circle and is located on the periphery of the sealing groove 30.

[0054] The shock-absorbing pad 60 can be used to reduce the impact of vehicle vibration on the energy storage system.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] A cooling control method for a supercapacitor energy storage system for a vehicle comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1, the slave control unit detects the temperature of the supercapacitor module 300 and transmits it to the master control unit 500 in real time;

[0058] S2, determining the temperature of the supercapacitor module 300 and controlling the number of fans to be turned on corresponding to the temperature of the supercapacitor module 300;

[0059] S3, when the temperature is still rising after the preset number of fans are turned on, the main control unit 500 controls to continue to increase the number of fans turned on until the temperature is maintained within the preset range. If the temperature exceeds the preset range, the main control unit 500 controls to disconnect the circuit breaker.

[0060] The supercapacitor module 300 tends to generate heat when supplying power. In this embodiment, the temperature of the supercapacitor module 300 is monitored by the slave control unit, and the master control unit 500 controls the start and stop of each fan to achieve internal cooling of the energy storage system.

[0061] Specifically, the above steps primarily address situations where the temperature inside compartment 600 is lower than the outside temperature. When the outside temperature is lower than the temperature inside compartment 600, the main control unit 500 may also control some fans to operate in conjunction with the outside cooling air, cooling the energy storage system. In this embodiment, a temperature sensor monitors both the outside temperature and the temperature inside compartment 600, enabling comparison of the outside and inside temperatures.

[0062] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various modifications, additions, or substitutions to the described specific embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles, characterized in that, It includes an energy storage cabinet body, multiple slave control detection units, a master control unit, multiple mounting plates arranged in the energy storage cabinet body, and multiple supercapacitor modules respectively mounted on the mounting plates; a ventilation duct communicating with the inside of the energy storage cabinet body is provided in the middle of the energy storage cabinet body, the ventilation duct divides the multiple mounting plates into left and right groups, and the mounting plates in each group are arranged vertically; multiple fans are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the energy storage cabinet body, a sealing groove surrounding a circle is protruded from the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet body, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the sealing groove; the ventilation duct is within the circle of the sealing groove; the multiple slave control detection units are respectively used for detecting the analog quantity parameters of the multiple supercapacitor modules, and the master control unit controls the start and stop of each fan according to the analog quantity parameters detected by the slave control detection units.

2. The supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analog quantity parameters include temperature signals and voltage signals.

3. The supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fuse, and the fuse is used for automatically fusing when a short circuit occurs between the positive and negative poles of the energy storage system.

4. The supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a circuit breaker, and the circuit breaker is used for disconnecting the electrical connection with an external device powered by the energy storage system when overheating or overvoltage occurs inside the energy storage system.

5. The supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supercapacitor module includes multiple energy storage monomers for storing electric energy.

6. The supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slave control detection unit has a temperature sensor mounted on the supercapacitor module, and the temperature sensor collects the temperature analog quantity of the supercapacitor module and uploads it to the master control unit.

7. The supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, In each layer of the mounting plate, a curled edge is provided on the side close to the ventilation duct, and the curled edge and the inner wall of the energy storage cabinet body enclose a receiving groove.

8. An orbital vehicle, characterized in that, It includes: The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-8; A carriage, and an air outlet is provided at the top of the carriage; The top of the carriage contacts the sealing groove in the energy storage cabinet body and encloses a cavity with the bottom layer of the energy storage cabinet body, and the cavity communicates with the air outlet and the ventilation duct at the same time.

9. The orbital vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a shock pad connecting the energy storage system and the carriage, the upper surface of the shock pad contacts the energy storage cabinet body, its bottom surface contacts the top of the carriage and is flush with the bottom surface of the sealing groove, and the shock pad surrounds a circle and is located outside the sealing groove.

10. A cooling control method for a supercapacitor energy storage system for vehicles, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1, detecting the temperature of the supercapacitor module through the slave control unit and transmitting it to the master control unit in real time; S2, judging the temperature of the supercapacitor module and controlling the number of fans corresponding to the temperature in the supercapacitor module to be turned on; S3, when the temperature is still rising after turning on a preset number of fans, controlling the master control unit to continue increasing the number of fans turned on until the temperature is maintained within a preset range. If the temperature exceeds the preset range, controlling the master control unit to disconnect the circuit breaker.

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